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A crucible is for silver and a furnace is for gold
This refers to how gold and silver are refined. A metal is refined by heating it to a high temperature so that it melts and the impurities may be removed. See how you translated the very similar phrase in Proverbs 17:3. AT: "A crucible is used to refine silver and a furnace is used to refine gold" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit)
crucible
a container used for heating substances to very high temperatures (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown)
furnace
an oven that can be made extremely hot (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown)
a person is tested when he is praised
This can be stated in active form. AT: "when one praises a person, they are also testing that person" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)
Even if you crush a fool ... yet his foolishness will not leave him
This means that even if a fool is made to suffer hardship or pain (being crushed is often a metaphor for suffering in Hebrew), he will remain foolish. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
pestle
a hard tool with a rounded end, used for crushing things in a bowl (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown)