en_tn/en_tn_02-EXO.tsv

1	Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNote
2	EXO	front	intro	b4pp		הָ⁠אָבְנָ֑יִם	0		Introduction to Exodus Part 1: General Introduction Outline of Exodus Israel in Egypt; preparing to depart from slavery (1–12) First genealogy (1:1–6) Israel as slaves in Egypt (1:7–22) Moses’ history to the time of the Exodus (2:1–4:26) Israel suffers in Egypt (4:27–6:13) Second genealogy (6:14–27) Moses and Aaron go to Pharaoh (6:28–7:25) The plagues (8:1–11:10) Instructions for celebrating the Passover (12:1–30) From Egypt to Mount Sinai (12:31–18:27) The Passover; preparing to leave Egypt; leaving Egypt (12:31–50, 13:1–22) Journey from Egypt to Mount Sinai (14:1–18:27) Mount Sinai and the Law (19-40) Preparing for the covenant (19:1–25) The Ten Commandments (20:1–17) The covenant described (20:18–23:33) The people agree to the covenant; Moses returns to Mount Sinai (24:1–18) Design of the tabernacle and its furnishings; what was required of those who serve in it; tabernacle functions (25:1–31:18) The golden calf; Moses prays for the people (32:1–33:22) The covenant described again (34:1–35) Making of the ark and its furnishings (35:1–38:31) and priestly garments (39:1–43, 40:1–33) The cloud (40:34–38) What is the Book of Exodus about? Exodus continues the story of the previous book, Genesis. The first half of Exodus is about how Yahweh made Abraham’s descendants into a nation. This nation, which would be called “Israel,” was meant to belong to Yahweh and worship him. The second half of Exodus describes how God gave the Israelites his law through Moses. The law of Moses told the Israelites how to obey and worship Yahweh properly. The Book of Exodus tells how the Israelites were to build the tabernacle. The tabernacle was a tent where Yahweh would be among his people. The Israelites worshiped and sacrificed animals to Yahweh at the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]]) How should the title of this book be translated? “Exodus” means “exit” or “departure.” Translators may translate this title in a way that can communicate its subject clearly, for example, “About the Israelites Leaving Egypt” or “How the Israelites Left the Land of Egypt.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Who wrote the Book of Exodus? The writers of both the Old and New Testaments present Moses as being very involved with writing the book of Exodus. Since ancient times, both Jews and Christians have thought that Moses wrote Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. Why did Moses write so much about God delivering or rescuing the people of Israel? Moses wrote much about God rescuing his people from the Egyptians to show that Yahweh is very powerful. Egypt was the most powerful nation at that time. And Yahweh was still able to free the Israelites from the Egyptians. Also, by rescuing the Israelites, Yahweh showed that he had chosen them as his people and they should worship him. How does the Book of Exodus show the fulfillment of the promises given to Abraham? The Book of Exodus shows God beginning to fulfill his promise to Abraham. In Genesis, God promised Abraham that he would have many descendants and that they would become a large nation. When God rescued the Israelites from the Egyptians, he took them to Mount Sinai. There he made a covenant with them, and they became the nation that belonged to Yahweh. Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts What was the Jewish Passover? The Jewish Passover was a religious festival. Yahweh commanded the Israelites to celebrate it every year. Passover was a time to remember how God rescued them from the Egyptians. The first Passover meal was eaten in the evening just before they left Egypt. What was the law of Moses to the people of Israel? The law of Moses instructed the people of Israel what Yahweh required them to do as his people. In the law, God told the people how they should live so that they honor him. He also instructed them about their need to offer animal sacrifices. God required these sacrifices so that he could forgive their sins and continue living among them. The law also described the duties of the priests and told how to build the tabernacle. What did it mean that Israel was to be a “kingdom of priests and a holy nation” (19:6 ULT)? Israel was a holy nation because Yahweh separated them from all other nations to belong to him. They were to honor and worship him only. This made them different than all the other nations of the world. These other nations worshiped many false gods. Part 3: Important Translation Issues Why are the details of the construction of the tabernacle in Exodus 25–32 repeated in Exodus 35–40? In Exodus 25-32, God describes exactly how the tabernacle was to be built. The details were repeated in Exodus 35-40. This showed that the people were to be careful to do exactly as God commanded. Are the events in the order that they actually happened? Most but not all of the events in the Book of Exodus are told in the order that they actually happened. Translators may need to make it clear when the events are in an unusual order. What does it mean that God “lived” among his people? The Book of Exodus presents God as living in the tabernacle among the nation of Israel. God is everywhere, but he lived among the Israelites in a special way. God dwelled with Israelites because they belonged to him. He promised to lead them and bless them. In return, the people were to worship him and honor him.
3	EXO	1	intro	cj55	​	וַ⁠יֵּ֥לֶךְ	0		Exodus 01 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter is intended to form a smooth transition with the last chapter of the book of Genesis. Special concepts in this chapter Israel’s growth Israel grew in number. This was in fulfillment of the covenant God made with Abraham. It also caused the Egyptians great concern that there would be more Israelites than Egyptians because they would be unable to defend themselves against such a large number of people. Pharaoh also tried to kill all of the male babies so they would not become soldiers who fought against him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) End of the famine It is obvious that some time has passed since the beginning of the famine which brought the Israelites into Egypt. Yahweh appears to be punishing the Hebrews for not returning back to the Promised Land instead choosing to stay in Egypt. No return attempt is recorded to have been made. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter “All of the descendants of Jacob were seventy in number” This number included both Jacob’s children and grandchildren. It may cause confusion, but it is important to remember Jacob only had 12 sons.
4	EXO	1	1	851f	​writing-background	​	0		​Verses 1-7 are background information for the story. If your language has a way of structuring background information consider using it for these verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
5	EXO	1	1	g89k	figs-metonymy	​וּ⁠בֵית֖⁠וֹ	0	household	Here, house refers to all of the people who live together, usually a large family with servants. Alternate translation: “household” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
6	EXO	1	1	fxbx	figs-go	הַ⁠בָּאִ֖ים... בָּֽאוּ	0		The words translated as came in could also be translated as “went in.” Use whichever form is most natural in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
7	EXO	1	1	e65z	​translate-names	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל... יַעֲקֹ֔ב	0		​Jacob and Israel are two names for the same man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
8	EXO	1	5	fv84	translate-numbers	​שִׁבְעִ֣ים	0	seventy in number	“70 in number” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
9	EXO	1	6	sh42	​grammar-connect-time-sequential	וַ⁠יָּ֤מָת	0		They all died after coming to Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
10	EXO	1	6	g5qg	​	וְ⁠כָל־אֶחָ֔י⁠ו	0	all his brothers	all his brothers includes 10 older brothers and 1 younger brother. If your language has different words for those, you can say, “his 10 older brothers, his younger brother”
11	EXO	1	6	8g2k	​figs-possession	אֶחָ֔י⁠ו	0		This an instance of the social relationship possessive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
12	EXO	1	7	9uwr	​figs-metonymy	וּ⁠בְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל	0		This is the first of many times in this book that sons of Israel refers to the Israelite nation or people. Alternate translation: “people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
13	EXO	1	7	2ccy	​figs-doublet	פָּר֧וּ וַֽ⁠יִּשְׁרְצ֛וּ וַ⁠יִּרְבּ֥וּ וַ⁠יַּֽעַצְמ֖וּ	0		All of these verbs mean similar things and are used together to emphasize that the Israelite people became very numerous. If your language doesn’t have as many words that mean the same thing, you can use fewer words and express the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “multiplied and became extremely numerous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
14	EXO	1	7	uo65	​	פָּר֧וּ... וַ⁠יִּרְבּ֥וּ... וַ⁠תִּמָּלֵ֥א הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ	0		Compare your translation of fruitful ... and multiplied.. and the land was filled here to Genesis 1:28; ​9:1, 7; and especially Genesis 35:11 where God renamed Jacob to Israel.
15	EXO	1	7	nk2l	figs-metaphor	​פָּר֧וּ	0	were fruitful	The birth of children to the Israelites is spoken of as if they were plants that were producing fruit. Alternate translation: “had many children” or “gave birth to many children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
16	EXO	1	7	r2f1	figs-activepassive	וַ⁠תִּמָּלֵ֥א הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ אֹתָֽ⁠ם	0	the land was filled with them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They filled the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
17	EXO	1	7	3tcv	​figs-idiom	בִּ⁠מְאֹ֣ד מְאֹ֑ד	0		Here, the same word is used twice to emphasize how many the Israelite people had become. If your language does not repeat words like this, express the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “in a really big way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
18	EXO	1	7	piq4	​	​אֹתָֽ⁠ם	0	with them	Here, them refers to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
19	EXO	1	8	6y05	writing-newevent	​וַ⁠יָּ֥קָם	0		This sentence introduces a new event in the story. If your language marks this with particular discourse features apply them here. (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
20	EXO	1	8	470t	writing-participants	מֶֽלֶךְ־חָדָ֖שׁ	0		​The story begins with the new king. Your language may have a specific way to introduce new events or new characters in a story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
21	EXO	1	8	t6jd	figs-metonymy	מִצְרָ֑יִם	0	arose over Egypt	This refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: “began to rule over the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
22	EXO	1	8	04cx	figs-metonymy	​לֹֽא־יָדַ֖ע אֶת־יוֹסֵֽף	0		Here, Joseph refers to both the person Joseph and to all of the good things that he did for Egypt. See the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
23	EXO	1	9	tf59	​writing-participants	​וַ⁠יֹּ֖אמֶר	0	He said to his people	“And the king said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
24	EXO	1	9	aku3	​<br>figs-exclamations	הִנֵּ֗ה	0		Here, Behold draws special attention to what is about to be said. Use a way of drawing people’s attention that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Listen to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])- Behold - This statement draws special attention to what is about to be said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
25	EXO	1	9	x65i	figs-possession	​עַמּ֑⁠וֹ	0	his people	The people are spoken of as if they belonged to the king. This an instance of the social relationship possessive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
26	EXO	1	9	t7s1		​עַמּ֑⁠וֹ	0		There is some ambiguity as to who exactly Pharaoh was addressing. It could have been: 1) the people who lived in Egypt, the Egyptians or 2) some group of “his people” like his advisors, generals, nobles, or friends and family. Even if option 1 is meant, its quite possible that he actually spoke to some smaller group of representatives as in option 2.
27	EXO	1	9	jik8		מִמֶּֽ⁠נּוּ	0		Use a way that is natural in your language to compare non-specific sizes of groups of people. Alternate translation: “more than we are”
28	EXO	1	9	njuf	figs-quotations	הִנֵּ֗ה עַ֚ם בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל רַ֥ב וְ⁠עָצ֖וּם מִמֶּֽ⁠נּוּ	0		Beginning from “Behold to the end of verse 10 is a direct quote of what the king said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
29	EXO	1	10	hiq4	figs-inclusive	​נִֽתְחַכְּמָ֖ה... שֹׂ֣נְאֵ֔י⁠נוּ... בָּ֖⁠נוּ	0	let us	The word “us” is inclusive and refers to the king and his people, the Egyptians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
30	EXO	1	10	8wvb	grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical	​פֶּן־יִרְבֶּ֗ה וְ⁠הָיָ֞ה כִּֽי־תִקְרֶ֤אנָה מִלְחָמָה֙	0		The king suggests a combination of two hypothetical events: 1. There are even more Israelites, 2. There is a battle. These are followed by a series of undesirable consequences: 3. The Israelites join an enemy, 4. The Israelites attack the Egyptians, 5. The Israelites leave Egypt. While the series of consequences is also technically hypothetical, the king’s language indicates that if 1-2 happen, then 3-5 are certain. Use language that makes it clear that the first two events are hypothetical, and that the next three are consequences if the first two happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]])
31	EXO	1	10	jc1h	​	וְ⁠עָלָ֥ה מִן־הָ⁠אָֽרֶץ	0	leave the land	“and the Israelites leave Egypt”
32	EXO	1	11	y2mi	​	​שָׂרֵ֣י	0	taskmasters	Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work.
33	EXO	1	11	o926	​	מִסִּ֔ים	0		Here the plural means groups. Alternative translation: “work crews”
34	EXO	1	11	l9lj		​לְמַ֥עַן עַנֹּת֖⁠וֹ בְּ⁠סִבְלֹתָ֑⁠ם	0	to oppress them with hard labor	“to force the Israelites to do hard work for the Egyptians”
35	EXO	1	11	pkz4	​translate-unknown	​עָרֵ֤י מִסְכְּנוֹת֙	0	store cities	These were places where the leaders put food and other important things to keep them safe. Alternative translation: “cities for the king to put things to keep them safe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
36	EXO	1	11	dy34	​figs-possession	​עָרֵ֤י מִסְכְּנוֹת֙	0		The possessive is objective, storage of goods is what occurs in the cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
37	EXO	1	12	c1fy	​grammar-connect-logic-contrast	וְ⁠כַ⁠אֲשֶׁר֙ יְעַנּ֣וּ אֹת֔⁠וֹ כֵּ֥ן יִרְבֶּ֖ה וְ⁠כֵ֣ן יִפְרֹ֑ץ	0		This sentence expresses a result that is opposite of what the king expected. If your language has a way to express something happening that was opposite of what was expected, use that structure. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
38	EXO	1	12	pdfk	figs-abstractnouns	וַ⁠יָּקֻ֕צוּ	0		“were afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
39	EXO	1	12	qgzz	figs-metonymy	מִ⁠פְּנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	0		Here face figuratively means the presence of a person. The phrase means that the Egyptians were afraid of the Israelites’ existence in the country. Alternate translation: “And they felt a sickening dread whenever they saw an Israelite.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
40	EXO	1	13	j1q6	​figs-abstractnouns	​בְּ⁠פָֽרֶךְ	0	made…work rigorously	“made…work very hard” or “harshly made…work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
41	EXO	1	14	mx6v	figs-metaphor	​וַ⁠יְמָרְר֨וּ	0	made their lives bitter	The difficult lives of the Israelites are spoken of as if they were bitter food that was difficult to eat. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
42	EXO	1	14	jre2	figs-abstractnouns	בַּ⁠עֲבֹדָ֣ה קָשָׁ֗ה	0		Slavery is an abstract noun modified by hard. Alternative translation: “by making them work hard as slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
43	EXO	1	14	cuq7	​translate-unknown	​בְּ⁠חֹ֨מֶר֙	0	mortar	This was a wet glue or mud put between bricks or stones that held them together when it dried. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
44	EXO	1	14	gzq7	​	​אֵ֚ת כָּל־עֲבֹ֣דָתָ֔⁠ם אֲשֶׁר־עָבְד֥וּ בָ⁠הֶ֖ם בְּ⁠פָֽרֶךְ׃	0	All their required work was hard	“The Egyptians made them work very hard” or “The Egyptians forced them to work very hard” See how you translated this in verse 13
45	EXO	1	14	5nzx	​writing-participants	​וַ⁠יְמָרְר֨וּ... בָ⁠הֶ֖ם	0		These pronouns refer to the Egyptians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
46	EXO	1	14	acj5	​writing-participants	חַיֵּי⁠הֶ֜ם...עֲבֹ֣דָתָ֔⁠ם...עָבְד֥וּ	0		These pronouns refer to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
47	EXO	1	15	yoaj	​writing-newevent	וַ⁠יֹּ֨אמֶר֙	0		​This sentence introduces a new event in the story. If your language marks this with particular discourse features apply them here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
48	EXO	1	15	hhw1	​	​לַֽ⁠מְיַלְּדֹ֖ת	0	midwives	These were women who helped a woman give birth to a baby.
49	EXO	1	15	h8f8	translate-names	​שִׁפְרָ֔ה...פּוּעָֽה	0	Shiphrah…Puah	These are Hebrew women’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
50	EXO	1	15	h59t	writing-participants	​שִׁפְרָ֔ה...פּוּעָֽה	0		The midwives are introduced here as new participants in the story. Use your language’s way to introduce new characters in a story.​ (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
51	EXO	1	16	4wwz	​	וַ⁠יֹּ֗אמֶר	0		“And the king said” In the UST this is combined with spoke from verse 15 because the verb for say is used twice before he speaks. In English and other languages this is often strange. If it would be unnatural to say that the king spoke or said twice you may leave one off.
52	EXO	1	16	yovg	​figs-quotations	בְּ⁠יַלֶּדְ⁠כֶן֙ אֶת־הָֽ⁠עִבְרִיּ֔וֹת וּ⁠רְאִיתֶ֖ן עַל־הָ⁠אָבְנָ֑יִם אִם־בֵּ֥ן הוּא֙ וַ⁠הֲמִתֶּ֣ן אֹת֔⁠וֹ וְ⁠אִם־בַּ֥ת הִ֖יא וָ⁠חָֽיָה	0		This is a direct quote of what the king said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
53	EXO	1	16	5lke	​figs-youdual	בְּ⁠יַלֶּדְ⁠כֶן֙...וּ⁠רְאִיתֶ֖ן...וַ⁠הֲמִתֶּ֣ן	0		​These yous are plural. The king is speaking to the two midwives. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addresses use a dual or plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/​figs-youdual]])
54	EXO	1	16	h3mb	figs-metonymy	עַל־הָ⁠אָבְנָ֑יִם	0	on the birthstool	Women sat on this short stool as they gave birth. Therefore, it is associated with birth. Alternate translation: “as they give birth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
55	EXO	1	16	nms7	grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical	​אִם־בֵּ֥ן הוּא֙ וַ⁠הֲמִתֶּ֣ן אֹת֔⁠וֹ וְ⁠אִם־בַּ֥ת הִ֖יא וָ⁠חָֽיָה	0		​These two statements are hypothetical conditions (starting at if) with instructions for what the midwives should do in each situation (starting at then). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]])
56	EXO	1	17	gy7k	grammar-connect-logic-contrast	וַ⁠תִּירֶ֤אןָ	0		Use a conjunction or other language structure that expresses contrast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
57	EXO	1	18	y9g5	​	​לַֽ⁠מְיַלְּדֹ֔ת	0	midwives	These were women who helped a woman give birth to a baby. See how you translated this in Exodus 1:15.
58	EXO	1	18	00l4	​figs-quotations	מַדּ֥וּעַ עֲשִׂיתֶ֖ן הַ⁠דָּבָ֣ר הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה וַ⁠תְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ אֶת־הַ⁠יְלָדִֽים	0		This is a direct quote of the king’s question. This could be translated as an indirect quote: “he asked them why they were letting the sons live.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
59	EXO	1	18	q1sy		מַדּ֥וּעַ עֲשִׂיתֶ֖ן הַ⁠דָּבָ֣ר הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה וַ⁠תְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ אֶת־הַ⁠יְלָדִֽים	0	Why have you done this, and let the baby boys live?	Alternate translation: “Why have you not killed the baby boys?”
60	EXO	1	18	8onv	​figs-youdual	עֲשִׂיתֶ֖ן וַ⁠תְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ	0		This you is plural. The king is speaking to the two midwives. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addresses use a dual or plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/​figs-youdual]])
61	EXO	1	19	7t6z	figs-quotations	כִּ֣י לֹ֧א כַ⁠נָּשִׁ֛ים הַ⁠מִּצְרִיֹּ֖ת הָֽ⁠עִבְרִיֹּ֑ת כִּֽי־חָי֣וֹת הֵ֔נָּה בְּ⁠טֶ֨רֶם תָּב֧וֹא אֲלֵ⁠הֶ֛ן הַ⁠מְיַלֶּ֖דֶת וְ⁠יָלָֽדוּ	0		This is a direct quote of the midwives’ response. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
62	EXO	1	19	9gqe	grammar-connect-logic-result	כִּ֣י לֹ֧א כַ⁠נָּשִׁ֛ים הַ⁠מִּצְרִיֹּ֖ת הָֽ⁠עִבְרִיֹּ֑ת כִּֽי־חָי֣וֹת הֵ֔נָּה בְּ⁠טֶ֨רֶם תָּב֧וֹא אֲלֵ⁠הֶ֛ן הַ⁠מְיַלֶּ֖דֶת וְ⁠יָלָֽדוּ	0		The midwives give a reason, the Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women, then they expand on that reason, for they are lively (or energetic), with the result that before the midwife comes to them, they have given birth.  (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
63	EXO	1	19	0ppa	figs-synecdoche	וַ⁠תֹּאמַ֤רְןָ הַֽ⁠מְיַלְּדֹת֙	0		It may not make sense in your language to say that multiple people said something so you may need to translate it in the singular (see UST). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
64	EXO	1	19	2ivn		הַֽ⁠מְיַלְּדֹת֙	0		These were women who helped a woman give birth to a baby. See how you translated this in Exodus 1:15.
65	EXO	1	20	eh25	​	​לַֽ⁠מְיַלְּדֹ֑ת	0	midwives	These were women who helped a woman give birth to a baby. See how you translated this in Exodus 1:15.
66	EXO	1	20	h133	figs-doublet	וַ⁠יִּ֧רֶב הָ⁠עָ֛ם וַ⁠יַּֽעַצְמ֖וּ מְאֹֽד	0	The people increased in numbers	These words mean similar things and are used together to emphasize their numeric growth. If your language doesn’t have as many words that mean the same thing, you can use fewer words and express the emphasis in another way. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
67	EXO	1	20	0wpb	​grammar-connect-logic-result	​וַ⁠יֵּ֥יטֶב אֱלֹהִ֖ים לַֽ⁠מְיַלְּדֹ֑ת	0		This phrase is more logically connected to the statements in verse 21. It describes the result of the midwives fearing God with a general statement. You may need to rearrange vs 20-21 so that the reason (vs 21) comes before both the general and specific results. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
68	EXO	1	21	3q9e	​<br>grammar-connect-logic-result	וַ⁠יְהִ֕י כִּֽי־יָֽרְא֥וּ הַֽ⁠מְיַלְּדֹ֖ת אֶת־הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֑ים	0		This is the reason for what God did. You may need to rearrange vs 20-21 so that the reason (vs 21) comes before both the general and specific results. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
69	EXO	1	21	pbve	​<br>grammar-connect-logic-result	וַ⁠יַּ֥עַשׂ לָ⁠הֶ֖ם בָּתִּֽים	0		This describes the result of the midwives fearing God with a specific statement. You may need to rearrange vs 20-21 so that the reason (vs 21) comes before both the general and specific results. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
70	EXO	1	21	jx9c		בָּתִּֽים	0	he gave them families	“households”
71	EXO	1	22	ld1j	figs-explicit		0	You must throw every son…into the river	This order was given in order to drown the male children. The full meaning of this may be made explicit. Alternate translation: “You must throw every new-born son into the river so they will drown” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
72	EXO	1	22	a6b2	figs-quotations	כָּל־הַ⁠בֵּ֣ן הַ⁠יִּלּ֗וֹד הַ⁠יְאֹ֨רָ⁠ה֙ תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔⁠הוּ וְ⁠כָל־הַ⁠בַּ֖ת תְּחַיּֽוּ⁠ן׃	0		This is a direct quote of Pharaoh’s speech. It could be translated as an indirect quotation: “Pharaoh commanded all of his people to throw every baby boy into the river, but to let the every girl live.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
73	EXO	1	22	stag	figs-youdual	תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔⁠הוּ...תְּחַיּֽוּ⁠ן	0		The yous here refer to all the Egyptians. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/​figs-youdual]])
74	EXO	2	intro	rwf3			0		Exodus 02 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Covenant God begins to relate to the Israelites based on his covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Moses’ heritage In the first part of this chapter, Pharaoh’s daughter recognizes Moses as being a Hebrew, but in the last part of this chapter, the Midianites believe him to be an Egyptian. Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Identification of participants Moses is the only participant named in most of this chapter. This is because many of the participants play very minor roles and because this part of the story is focusing on Moses’ life. Ironic situations While Pharaoh tried to diminish the power of the Israelites by killing all of their baby boys, God used Pharaoh’s own daughter to save Moses. Moses believes he is meant to be the rescuer of his people, but they reject him. Ultimately, Moses was correct, but God had not yet sent him for that mission.
75	EXO	2	1	wvj9	writing-newevent	​וַ⁠יֵּ֥לֶךְ	0	Now	This word is used here to mark a break in the main event. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the narrative. If you have a way of doing this in your language, consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
76	EXO	2	1	riy7	writing-participants	אִ֖ישׁ...בַּת	0		These are new participants. They remain unnamed until Exodus 6:20 where they are identified as Amram and Jochebed. For now it is best to leave them unnamed if possible in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
77	EXO	2	1	40u9	figs-idiom	וַ⁠יִּקַּ֖ח אֶת־בַּת־לֵוִֽי	0		This is an idiom for marrying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
78	EXO	2	2	s49k		ט֣וֹב	0		Alternative translations: “pleasing,” “fine,” or “healthy” (UST)
79	EXO	2	2	q4c0	grammar-connect-logic-result	וַ⁠תֵּ֤רֶא...וַֽ⁠תִּצְפְּנֵ֖⁠הוּ	0		Hiding the boy was a result of seeing that he was good. Alternative translation: “Since she saw... she hid him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
80	EXO	2	2	00k4	translate-numbers	שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה	0		3 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
81	EXO	2	3	t2gj	translate-unknown	תֵּ֣בַת גֹּ֔מֶא	0	papyrus basket	This is a basket made from a tall grass that grows by the Nile River in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
82	EXO	2	3	tn3y	figs-explicit	וַ⁠תַּחְמְרָ֥⁠ה בַ⁠חֵמָ֖ר וּ⁠בַ⁠זָּ֑פֶת	0	sealed it with bitumen and pitch	You could explicitly state that this was to keep out water. Alternate translation: “spread tar on it to keep water from getting into it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
83	EXO	2	3	wpb6	translate-unknown	וַ⁠תַּחְמְרָ֥⁠ה	0	sealed	This means that she applied a waterproof coating. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
84	EXO	2	3	ym3k	translate-unknown	בַ⁠חֵמָ֖ר	0	bitumen	This is a sticky black paste made from petroleum. It can be used to keep out water. Alternate translation: “tar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
85	EXO	2	3	v825	translate-unknown	וּ⁠בַ⁠זָּ֑פֶת	0	pitch	This is a sticky brown or black paste that can be made from tree sap or from petroleum. Therefore, pitch would include not only bitumen but also plant-based resins. It too can be used to keep out water. Alternate translation: “tar” or “resin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
86	EXO	2	3	y8gq	translate-unknown	בַּ⁠סּ֖וּף	0	reeds	These reeds were a type of tall grass that grew in flat, wet areas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
87	EXO	2	4	av8b		וַ⁠תֵּתַצַּ֥ב אֲחֹת֖⁠וֹ מֵ⁠רָחֹ֑ק	0	at a distance	This means she stood far enough away so that she would not be noticed, but close enough to see the ark. Use a word that expresses this sort of distance in your language.
88	EXO	2	4	9m7y	figs-abstractnouns	מֵ⁠רָחֹ֑ק	0		This probably means somewhere in the reeds where she could see the basket but no one would see her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
89	EXO	2	4	4d7n	figs-kinship	אֲחֹת֖⁠וֹ	0		In the UST “older” is supplied because her actions clearly show she is his older sister. In some languages a different term is used for siblings based on their relative ages and/or the gender of the siblings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-kinship]])
90	EXO	2	4	z1cy	grammar-connect-logic-goal	לְ⁠דֵעָ֕ה מַה־יֵּעָשֶׂ֖ה לֽ⁠וֹ	0		This is her purpose in being close by. Alternative translation: “in order to know...” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal]])
91	EXO	2	5	1vls	figs-go	וַ⁠תֵּ֤רֶד	0		Came down may be literal or figurative, important places are often considered to be in a higher place. This means she came from her home, probably Pharaoh’s palace. If a perspective is required for Pharaoh’s daughter, you may choose go or come as works best in your language. “Come” is better as the scene is at the river and she comes to the scene location. However, you also need to consider your language’s way of introducing new participants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
92	EXO	2	5	3van	writing-participants	בַּת־פַּרְעֹה֙...וְ⁠נַעֲרֹתֶ֥י⁠הָ	0		These women are introduced here as new participants, however they are not mentioned again after this verse. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
93	EXO	2	5	im0d	figs-metaphor	עַל־יַ֣ד הַ⁠יְאֹ֑ר	0		hand is a metaphor for side which in this case can be translated as the shore or bank (UST) of the river. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
94	EXO	2	5	bi7s		וְ⁠נַעֲרֹתֶ֥י⁠הָ	0	her attendants	These were the young women whose job was to be with her and make sure nothing bad happened to her.
95	EXO	2	5	am7g	writing-participants	וַ⁠תִּקָּחֶֽ⁠הָ	0		It is not clear who is meant by she here, it could either be Pharaoh’s daughter or the servant. It is likely that Pharaoh’s daughter stays the subject. Alternative translation: “she sent her slave woman to get it. She took the ark from her slave” or “she sent her slave woman to take the ark. 6 Pharaoh’s daughter opened...” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
96	EXO	2	6	g9n6	figs-exclamations	וְ⁠הִנֵּה	0	Behold	The word behold signals the surprising information that follows. See UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
97	EXO	2	6	tyub	grammar-connect-logic-result	וַ⁠תַּחְמֹ֣ל עָלָ֔י⁠ו	0		The text does not state exactly what caused her to have compassion on the baby. If a reason must be provided in your language it should be connected to either his crying (this is the better option) or that he was a “good” baby verse 2. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
98	EXO	2	6	jg0d	figs-quotations	מִ⁠יַּלְדֵ֥י הָֽ⁠עִבְרִ֖ים זֶֽה	0		This is a direct quote. It seems to have been said loud enough for the baby’s sister to hear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
99	EXO	2	7	3zvu	figs-quotations	וְ⁠קָרָ֤אתִי לָ⁠ךְ֙ אִשָּׁ֣ה מֵינֶ֔קֶת מִ֖ן הָ⁠עִבְרִיֹּ֑ת וְ⁠תֵינִ֥ק לָ֖⁠ךְ אֶת־הַ⁠יָּֽלֶד	0		This is a direct quote of the baby’s sister. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
100	EXO	2	7	x5ja		וְ⁠קָרָ֤אתִי לָ⁠ךְ֙ אִשָּׁ֣ה מֵינֶ֔קֶת מִ֖ן הָ⁠עִבְרִיֹּ֑ת	0		This is a suggestive question. The child’s sister is hopeful that Pharaoh’s daughter does not have a plan yet for the baby beyond saving his life. However, it is still a true question, without Pharaoh’s daughter’s permission the child’s sister will not be able to fetch the woman. If your language has a way of forming questions that are also suggestions use it here.
101	EXO	2	7	psb2	figs-possession	אֲחֹת⁠וֹ֮...בַּת־פַּרְעֹה֒	0		These are both possessive of social relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
102	EXO	2	7	d7aj		מֵינֶ֔קֶת...וְ⁠תֵינִ֥ק	0	nurse	This means to feed with milk from the breast.
103	EXO	2	7	tqq9	grammar-connect-logic-goal	וְ⁠תֵינִ֥ק לָ֖⁠ךְ אֶת־הַ⁠יָּֽלֶד	0		This is the purpose of the sister’s proposal. Alternative translation: “In order that she could nurse the child for you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal]])
104	EXO	2	8	ab1m	figs-go	לֵ֑כִי...וַ⁠תֵּ֨לֶךְ֙	0		The girl goes away from Pharaoh’s daughter toward the child’s mother. She was almost certainly on foot. Use verbs of motion that express these. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
105	EXO	2	8	2456	figs-quotations	לֵ֑כִי	0		This is a direct quote. Pharaoh’s daughter commands the baby’s sister. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
106	EXO	2	8	lyyj	figs-possession	בַּת־פַּרְעֹ֖ה...אֵ֥ם הַ⁠יָּֽלֶד	0		These are both possessive of social relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
107	EXO	2	9	lmko	figs-possession	בַּת־פַּרְעֹ֗ה	0		This is possessive of social relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
108	EXO	2	9	u554	writing-participants	לָ֣⁠הּ	0		The child’s mother is reintroduced as a participant. Alternative translation: “to the baby’s mother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
109	EXO	2	9	xp5x	figs-quotations	הֵילִ֜יכִי אֶת־הַ⁠יֶּ֤לֶד הַ⁠זֶּה֙ וְ⁠הֵינִקִ֣⁠הוּ לִ֔⁠י וַ⁠אֲנִ֖י אֶתֵּ֣ן אֶת־שְׂכָרֵ֑⁠ךְ	0		This is a direct quote. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
110	EXO	2	9	mogg		שְׂכָרֵ֑⁠ךְ	0		This refers to payment that Pharaoh’s daughter would give to the mother in exchange for her service of nursing.
111	EXO	2	9	hqsa	figs-explicit	וַ⁠תִּקַּ֧ח...וַ⁠תְּנִיקֵֽ⁠הוּ	0		The mother’s acceptance of the deal is implied. You could make it explicit as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
112	EXO	2	10	zj8h	grammar-connect-time-sequential	וַ⁠יִגְדַּ֣ל הַ⁠יֶּ֗לֶד וַ⁠תְּבִאֵ֨⁠הוּ֙	0	she brought him	An unspecified amount of time is designated by this. He would have stayed with his mother at least until he was weaned (no longer drinking his mother’s milk). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
113	EXO	2	10	ta4r	figs-possession	לְ⁠בַת־פַּרְעֹ֔ה	0		This is possessive of social relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
114	EXO	2	10	j7n1		וַֽ⁠יְהִי־לָ֖⁠הּ לְ⁠בֵ֑ן	0	he became her son	“he became the adopted son of Pharaoh’s daughter”
115	EXO	2	10	h7to	grammar-connect-time-simultaneous	וַֽ⁠יְהִי־לָ֖⁠הּ לְ⁠בֵ֑ן וַ⁠תִּקְרָ֤א שְׁמ⁠וֹ֙ מֹשֶׁ֔ה	0		These events were likely simultaneous, her act of naming him may have been what made him as her son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-simultaneous]])
116	EXO	2	10	nh2m		מֹשֶׁ֔ה וַ⁠תֹּ֕אמֶר כִּ֥י מִן־הַ⁠מַּ֖יִם מְשִׁיתִֽ⁠הוּ	0	Because I drew him from the water	Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Moses sounds like the Hebrew word that means ‘draw out.’”
117	EXO	2	10	ityq	figs-quotations	כִּ֥י מִן־הַ⁠מַּ֖יִם מְשִׁיתִֽ⁠הוּ׃	0		This is a direct quote. It could be stated indirectly: “because she said she draw him out of the water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
118	EXO	2	10	yax4	translate-names	מֹשֶׁ֔ה	0	drew him	Moses - (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
119	EXO	2	11	tyol	grammar-connect-time-sequential	וַ⁠יְהִ֣י׀ בַּ⁠יָּמִ֣ים הָ⁠הֵ֗ם וַ⁠יִּגְדַּ֤ל מֹשֶׁה֙ וַ⁠יֵּצֵ֣א	0		A significant amount of time has passed, later texts state that Moses was 40 years old at this point. Alternative translation: “Many years later” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
120	EXO	2	11	p7gx	writing-newevent	וַ⁠יְהִ֣י׀ בַּ⁠יָּמִ֣ים הָ⁠הֵ֗	0		This introduces a new event in the story. Use a phrase that indicates a new event after significant time has passed in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
121	EXO	2	11	917y	figs-go	וַ⁠יֵּצֵ֣א	0		The UST supplies a probable location that he went out from, it could also have been simply out from the Egyptian area or out to the work area or cities. Use go or come as appropriate in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
122	EXO	2	11	swn3		מַכֶּ֥ה אִישׁ־עִבְרִ֖י	0	striking a Hebrew	“hitting a Hebrew” or “beating a Hebrew”
123	EXO	2	12	m9bn	figs-merism	וַ⁠יִּ֤פֶן כֹּה֙ וָ⁠כֹ֔ה	0	He looked this way and that way	These two opposite directions have the combined meaning of “everywhere.” Alternate translation: “He looked all around” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
124	EXO	2	12	rmgn	figs-metonymy	וַ⁠יַּךְ֙	0		The context makes clear that Moses struck the Egyptian hard enough or repeatedly until Moses killed him. Consider a word that indicates a deadly blow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
125	EXO	2	13	qn45	figs-go	וַ⁠יֵּצֵא֙	0	He went out	See how you translated this in Exodus 2:11. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
126	EXO	2	13	83e6	translate-ordinal	הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֔י	0		The ordinal number here could mean “the next day” (UST) or simply on some day following the events of the previous verse. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
127	EXO	2	13	rgn1	figs-exclamations	וְ⁠הִנֵּ֛ה	0	behold	Here, behold, shows that Moses was surprised by what he saw. You can use a word in your language that will give this meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
128	EXO	2	13	i4d6		לָֽ⁠רָשָׁ֔ע	0	the one who was in the wrong	Based on Moses’s question this means the aggressor or the man wrongfully attacking his neighbor. Alternate translation: “the man who was guilty of starting the fight”
129	EXO	2	13	duob	figs-quotations	לָ֥⁠מָּה תַכֶּ֖ה רֵעֶֽ⁠ךָ	0		This is a direct quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
130	EXO	2	14	qb2n	figs-rquestion	מִ֣י שָֽׂמְ⁠ךָ֞ לְ⁠אִ֨ישׁ שַׂ֤ר וְ⁠שֹׁפֵט֙ עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ	0	Who made you a leader and judge over us?	The man used this question to rebuke Moses for intervening in the fight. Alternate translation: “You are not our leader and have no right to judge us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
131	EXO	2	14	afne	figs-quotations	מִ֣י שָֽׂמְ⁠ךָ֞ לְ⁠אִ֨ישׁ שַׂ֤ר וְ⁠שֹׁפֵט֙ עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ	0		This is a direct quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
132	EXO	2	14	k6s5	figs-irony	הַ⁠לְ⁠הָרְגֵ֨⁠נִי֙ אַתָּ֣ה אֹמֵ֔ר כַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָרַ֖גְתָּ אֶת־הַ⁠מִּצְרִ֑י	0	Are you planning to kill me as you killed that Egyptian?	The man used a question here to be sarcastic. Alternate translation: “We know that you killed an Egyptian yesterday. You had better not kill me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
133	EXO	2	14	d2ja		הַ⁠לְ⁠הָרְגֵ֨⁠נִי֙ אַתָּ֣ה אֹמֵ֔ר	0		“Are you planning to kill me” or “Are you threatening to kill me”
134	EXO	2	14	lyqh	figs-quotations	הַ⁠לְ⁠הָרְגֵ֨⁠נִי֙ אַתָּ֣ה אֹמֵ֔ר כַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָרַ֖גְתָּ אֶת־הַ⁠מִּצְרִ֑י	0		This is a direct quote. However, it is likely this is something Moses said to himself, that is a thought. Alternative translation (as indirect quote): was afraid because he thought that everyone knew what he did. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
135	EXO	2	15	yutr		וַ⁠יְבַקֵּ֖שׁ לַ⁠הֲרֹ֣ג אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֑ה	0		Pharaoh most likely delegated this task. Alternative translations: “he sought to have Moses killed” (note that the passive form will not work in every language), see UST
136	EXO	2	15	l5rc	figs-metonymy	מִ⁠פְּנֵ֣י	0		His face means his presence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
137	EXO	2	15	otsl		וַ⁠יֵּ֥שֶׁב וַ⁠יֵּ֥שֶׁב	0		These are the same verb. There are three possible interpretations: 1. Moses lived in Midian. He sat by this well one day. This may have been the well for the town he lived in. or, 2. Moses lived in Midian. His home was by this well. or, 3. Moses was a wanderer. He was in Midian and sat by this well when the next event occurred.
138	EXO	2	16	shg5	writing-background	וּ⁠לְ⁠כֹהֵ֥ן מִדְיָ֖ן שֶׁ֣בַע בָּנ֑וֹת	0	Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters	This sentence is background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
139	EXO	2	16	pjzc	writing-newevent	וּ⁠לְ⁠כֹהֵ֥ן מִדְיָ֖ן שֶׁ֣בַע בָּנ֑וֹת	0		This sentence is used to mark a transition. However, the last clause of the previous verse (“and he sat down by a well”) seems to be related to this new scene so you may want to make your transition there as is done in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
140	EXO	2	16	cfe5	writing-participants	שֶׁ֣בַע בָּנ֑וֹת וַ⁠תָּבֹ֣אנָה	0		The daughters are new participants. Indicate that in a way that is natural in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
141	EXO	2	16	sm8f	figs-go	וַ⁠תָּבֹ֣אנָה	0		The perspective of the narrative is set at the well. The daughters came from elsewhere to the well. They were probably on foot. Each language will need to choose the appropriate word for “going” here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
142	EXO	2	16	v5yk	figs-possession	וּ⁠לְ⁠כֹהֵ֥ן מִדְיָ֖ן שֶׁ֣בַע בָּנ֑וֹת	0		This is possessive of social relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
143	EXO	2	16	esdm	translate-numbers	שֶׁ֣בַע	0		7 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
144	EXO	2	16	i2jh		וַ⁠תִּדְלֶ֗נָה	0	drew water	This means that they brought up water from a well.
145	EXO	2	16	g1e6	translate-unknown	הָ֣⁠רְהָטִ֔ים	0	troughs	This was a long, narrow, open container for animals to eat or drink out of (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
146	EXO	2	16	p3uo	figs-possession	צֹ֥אן אֲבִי⁠הֶֽן	0		There are two possessives here: 1) their father is possessive of social relationship; 2) the flock of ... father is possessive of ownership. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
147	EXO	2	17	k5yc	figs-go	וַ⁠יָּבֹ֥אוּ	0		A group of men came. They may not have been far away before coming and driving the women away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
148	EXO	2	17	zksv	writing-participants	הָ⁠רֹעִ֖ים	0		These are new, very brief participants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
149	EXO	2	17	z17m	grammar-connect-logic-contrast	וַ⁠יָּ֤קָם	0	helped them	Use an expression that communicates that what Moses did was unexpected. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
150	EXO	2	18	omzv	figs-go	וַ⁠תָּבֹ֕אנָה	0		The daughters came from the well to their father, probably on foot. You can use come or go. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
151	EXO	2	18	7t7t	translate-names	רְעוּאֵ֖ל	0		This name, or perhaps title, is used of the man otherwise called Jethro only here and in Numbers 10:29. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
152	EXO	2	18	95f3	writing-participants	רְעוּאֵ֖ל	0		The priest of Midian was mentioned in v. 16 in a background statement but is a new participant starting here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
153	EXO	2	18	tiqh	figs-possession	אֲבִי⁠הֶ֑ן	0		This is a possessive of social relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
154	EXO	2	18	lukb	figs-quotations	מַדּ֛וּעַ מִהַרְתֶּ֥ן בֹּ֖א הַ⁠יּֽוֹם	0		This is a direct quote. You could use an indirect quotation as, “He asked how they were able to return so quickly that day.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
155	EXO	2	18	44at	figs-go	בֹּ֖א	0		Alternative translation: to return. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
156	EXO	2	19	r01g	figs-quotations	אִ֣ישׁ מִצְרִ֔י הִצִּילָ֖⁠נוּ מִ⁠יַּ֣ד הָ⁠רֹעִ֑ים וְ⁠גַם־דָּלֹ֤ה דָלָה֙ לָ֔⁠נוּ וַ⁠יַּ֖שְׁקְ אֶת־הַ⁠צֹּֽאן	0		This is a direct quote. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
157	EXO	2	19	3g80		אִ֣ישׁ מִצְרִ֔י	0		Jethro’s daughters assume Moses was Egyptian. When you translate it should be clear this refers to Moses.
158	EXO	2	19	hvb4	​figs-metonymy	מִ⁠יַּ֣ד	0		Hand figuratively refers to the power, control, or actions of the shepherds. Alternative translation: “from the shepherds.” Or see UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
159	EXO	2	19	6gvb	figs-idiom	​דָּלֹ֤ה דָלָה֙	0		The repeated word expresses surprise or emphasizes the magnitude of Moses’s kind acts to the women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
160	EXO	2	20	x73j	figs-possession	בְּנֹתָ֖י⁠ו	0		This is a possessive of social relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
161	EXO	2	20	x9yb	figs-rquestion	וְ⁠אַיּ֑⁠וֹ לָ֤⁠מָּה זֶּה֙ עֲזַבְתֶּ֣ן אֶת־הָ⁠אִ֔ישׁ	0	Why did you leave the man?	These questions are a mild rebuke to the daughters for not inviting Moses into their home according to the normal hospitality of that culture. Alternate translation: “You should not have left this man at the well!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
162	EXO	2	20	p6xh	figs-quotations	וְ⁠אַיּ֑⁠וֹ לָ֤⁠מָּה זֶּה֙ עֲזַבְתֶּ֣ן אֶת־הָ⁠אִ֔ישׁ קִרְאֶ֥ן ל֖⁠וֹ וְ⁠יֹ֥אכַל לָֽחֶם׃	0		This is a direct quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
163	EXO	2	20	mb8w	writing-participants	ל֖⁠וֹ	0		This refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
164	EXO	2	20	hal8	figs-synecdoche	לָֽחֶם	0		This term is used to refer to food in general. Alternative translation: “food.”(See: Synecdoche)
165	EXO	2	21	zvr1		וַ⁠יּ֥וֹאֶל מֹשֶׁ֖ה לָ⁠שֶׁ֣בֶת אֶת־הָ⁠אִ֑ישׁ	0	Moses agreed to stay with the man	“Moses agreed to live with Reuel”
166	EXO	2	21	y3q7	translate-names	צִפֹּרָ֥ה	0	Zipporah	This is Reuel’s (Jethro’s) daughter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
167	EXO	2	21	4j8b	figs-possession	בִתּ֖⁠וֹ	0		This is a possessive of social relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
168	EXO	2	22	l3xg	figs-quotations	גֵּ֣ר הָיִ֔יתִי בְּ⁠אֶ֖רֶץ נָכְרִיָּֽה	0		Only this portion is a quotation. The UST includes both speech events as one quotation as a possibility for clarity. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
169	EXO	2	22	n5b1	translate-names	גֵּרְשֹׁ֑ם	0	Gershom	This is Moses’s son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
170	EXO	2	22	f76m	translate-names	גֵּרְשֹׁ֑ם	0		His name sounds somewhat like the Hebrew for “a stranger here.” You may consider using a footnote to explain that. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
171	EXO	2	22	q7d8		גֵּ֣ר הָיִ֔יתִי בְּ⁠אֶ֖רֶץ נָכְרִיָּֽה	0	resident in a foreign land	“stranger in a foreign land”
172	EXO	2	23	fjkt	writing-newevent	וַ⁠יְהִי֩ בַ⁠יָּמִ֨ים הָֽ⁠רַבִּ֜ים הָ⁠הֵ֗ם	0		This introduces a new section and series of events. A large amount of time went by. According to Stephen’s sermon in Acts 7:30 Moses was in Midian 40 years. Alternative translation: “This is what happened during the many days Moses was in Midian.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
173	EXO	2	23	1kw0	writing-background	וַ⁠יְהִי֩ בַ⁠יָּמִ֨ים הָֽ⁠רַבִּ֜ים הָ⁠הֵ֗ם	0		Verses 23-25 give a summary of what happened in Egypt and with the Israelites and God while Moses was in exile. It gives scene setting background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
174	EXO	2	23	csg2		וַ⁠יֵּאָנְח֧וּ	0	groaned	They did this because of their sorrow and misery. Alternate translation: “sighed deeply”
175	EXO	2	23	x84a	figs-personification	וַ⁠תַּ֧עַל שַׁוְעָתָ֛⁠ם	0	their pleas went up to God	The cries of the Israelites are spoken of as if they were a person and were able to travel up to where God is. Alternate translation: “God heard their pleas” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
176	EXO	2	24	sja4	figs-idiom	וַ⁠יִּזְכֹּ֤ר אֱלֹהִים֙	0	God called to mind his covenant	This was a customary way of saying God thought about what He had promised. Alternate translation: “God remembered his covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
177	EXO	3	intro	n6ze			0		Exodus 03 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter records one of the most important events in the history of the Israelite people: the revelation of the name Yahweh at the burning bush. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]]) Special concepts in this chapter God’s holiness God is so holy that people could not look upon him without dying. This is why Moses covered his eyes. It is also why he took off his shoes. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Yahweh The name Yahweh is sacred in the Hebrew religion. It is the personal name of God, which he revealed to Moses. It is by this name, he is known. Yahweh means “I am.” Some translations use all capitals to set this apart, “I AM.” Great care must be taken in translating the phrase “I am that I am.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Participants “The angel of Yahweh,” “Yahweh,” and “God” all appear to be speaking to Moses and interacting with him from the burning bush. Furthermore, God says that his name is “I AM.” (See note above on Yahweh and I AM.) Yahweh and God are the the same while there is speculation about who the angel of Yahweh is.
178	EXO	3	1	gqvh	writing-newevent	וּ⁠מֹשֶׁ֗ה הָיָ֥ה רֹעֶ֛ה	0		This phrase brings the story focus back to Midian and Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
179	EXO	3	1	oqcr	writing-background	וּ⁠מֹשֶׁ֗ה הָיָ֥ה רֹעֶ֛ה אֶת־צֹ֛אן יִתְר֥וֹ חֹתְנ֖⁠וֹ כֹּהֵ֣ן מִדְיָ֑ן וַ⁠יִּנְהַ֤ג אֶת־הַ⁠צֹּאן֙ אַחַ֣ר הַ⁠מִּדְבָּ֔ר וַ⁠יָּבֹ֛א אֶל־הַ֥ר הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֖ים חֹרֵֽבָ⁠ה׃	0		Verse 1 provides immediate background context, setting the scene for Moses’s interaction with Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
180	EXO	3	1	jv7b	figs-possession	צֹ֛אן יִתְר֥וֹ	0		This is an ownership possessive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
181	EXO	3	1	1p00	figs-possession	חֹתְנ֖⁠וֹ	0		This is a social possessive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
182	EXO	3	1	l7x6	figs-possession	כֹּהֵ֣ן מִדְיָ֑ן	0		This is a possessive of social relationship. Jethro is a priest who serves the Midianites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
183	EXO	3	1	v97t	figs-go	וַ⁠יָּבֹ֛א אֶל	0		“and he arrived at” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
184	EXO	3	1	p27s	figs-possession	הַ֥ר הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֖ים	0		This is an associative possessive. This mountain was associated with God in some way. In Exodus 3:12 God tells Moses that he & the Israelites will serve him on this mountain. Later in the story, this promise is fulfilled and it is where God makes his covenant with Israel and gives them the 10 Commandments. So it may have been called the mountain of God in retrospect (as Moses probably wrote this book sometime after the Israelites were wandering in the wilderness). However, it is possible that the mountain was already associated with God’s presence or worship somehow before Moses went there with the flock. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
185	EXO	3	2	p0nt		וַ֠⁠יֵּרָא מַלְאַ֨ךְ יְהֹוָ֥ה אֵלָ֛י⁠ו בְּ⁠לַבַּת־אֵ֖שׁ מִ⁠תּ֣וֹךְ הַ⁠סְּנֶ֑ה	0		This is a summary of what happened, the next few verses tell the story of how this happened and how Moses discovered what was happening.
186	EXO	3	2	x5ci	​	​יְהֹוָ֥ה	0	Yahweh	This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
187	EXO	3	2	d3tf	grammar-connect-logic-contrast	וְ⁠הִנֵּ֤ה הַ⁠סְּנֶה֙ בֹּעֵ֣ר בָּ⁠אֵ֔שׁ וְ⁠הַ⁠סְּנֶ֖ה אֵינֶ֥⁠נּוּ אֻכָּֽל	0	behold	The word “behold” here shows that Moses saw something that was very different from what he expected. He expected the bush to be burnt up completely by the fire. Consider using an interjection in your language that expresses that the next thing is a surprise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
188	EXO	3	2	3bvb	figs-metonymy	אֻכָּֽל	0		consumed means to eat completely until gone. In the case of fire, this is a metonym for burning completely until gone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
189	EXO	3	3	fpww	figs-quotations	אָסֻֽרָה־נָּ֣א וְ⁠אֶרְאֶ֔ה אֶת־הַ⁠מַּרְאֶ֥ה הַ⁠גָּדֹ֖ל הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה מַדּ֖וּעַ לֹא־יִבְעַ֥ר הַ⁠סְּנֶֽה	0		This is a direct quote. It’s not specified who Moses spoke to, he may have been alone, or with a group of shepherds, or his family.(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
190	EXO	3	4	ue8v	writing-participants	יְהוָ֖ה... אֱלֹהִ֜ים	0		These terms both refer to the same being, God’s name is Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
191	EXO	3	5	60ah	figs-quotations	אַל־תִּקְרַ֣ב הֲלֹ֑ם שַׁל־נְעָלֶ֨י⁠ךָ֙ מֵ⁠עַ֣ל רַגְלֶ֔י⁠ךָ כִּ֣י הַ⁠מָּק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֤ר אַתָּה֙ עוֹמֵ֣ד עָלָ֔י⁠ו אַדְמַת־קֹ֖דֶשׁ הֽוּא	0		This is a direct quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
192	EXO	3	5	prv9	grammar-connect-logic-result	כִּ֣י הַ⁠מָּק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֤ר אַתָּה֙ עוֹמֵ֣ד עָלָ֔י⁠ו אַדְמַת־קֹ֖דֶשׁ הֽוּאכִּ֣י הַ⁠מָּק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֤ר אַתָּה֙ עוֹמֵ֣ד עָלָ֔י⁠ו אַדְמַת־קֹ֖דֶשׁ הֽוּא	0	set apart	This is the reason Moses must stopping coming close to the burning bush and take off his sandals. Your language may need to put the reason before the commands as in, “The place on which you are standing, it is holy ground, so you must not come close to here. Take your sandals off from on your feet.”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
193	EXO	3	6	sxk8		אָנֹכִי֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י אָבִ֔י⁠ךָ אֱלֹהֵ֧י אַבְרָהָ֛ם אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִצְחָ֖ק וֵ⁠אלֹהֵ֣י יַעֲקֹ֑ב	0	the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob	All of these men worshiped the same God. Alternate translation: “the God of your father, of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob”
194	EXO	3	6	3qwa	figs-quotations	אָנֹכִי֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י אָבִ֔י⁠ךָ אֱלֹהֵ֧י אַבְרָהָ֛ם אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִצְחָ֖ק וֵ⁠אלֹהֵ֣י יַעֲקֹ֑ב	0		This a direct quotation. The UST continues the quotation from verse 5 rather than including an additional “he said.” This may be more natural in some languages. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
195	EXO	3	6	l5sy	​	​אֱלֹהֵ֣י	0	your father	Possible meanings are (1) “your ancestor” or (2) “your father.” If it means “your ancestor,” then the phrases following it clarify who “your father” refers to: it refers to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. If it means “your father,” then it refers to Moses’s own father. It most cases it will be best to translate it as “father,” i.e. Amram, Moses’s father.
196	EXO	3	6	lfbb	​grammar-connect-logic-result	וַ⁠יַּסְתֵּ֤ר מֹשֶׁה֙ פָּנָ֔י⁠ו כִּ֣י יָרֵ֔א מֵ⁠הַבִּ֖יט אֶל־הָ⁠אֱלֹהִֽים	0		Reason: for he was afraid from staring toward God Result: *And Moses hid his face Some languages may need to put the reason before the result. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]] and Exodus 33:20)
197	EXO	3	7	nl33	figs-quotations	רָאֹ֥ה	0		This begins a quotation that goes through the end of verse 11. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
198	EXO	3	7	xoz0	figs-idiom	רָאֹ֥ה רָאִ֛יתִי	0		The repetition of see expresses the intensity, certainly, or clarity of Yahweh’s seeing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
199	EXO	3	7	tpk0	figs-possession	אֶת־עֳנִ֥י עַמִּ֖⁠י	0		There are two possessives here. 1) “affliction of ... people”: This is an event related possessive where the people are the objects of affliction. They are treated badly as slaves. 2) “my people”: this one is more difficult as it involves both ownership and social relationship possessive. God views his people as his possession and he is also in relationship with them as their God because they are descended from Abraham etc. - though at this time they may not know him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
200	EXO	3	7	p3tx	figs-metonymy	מִ⁠פְּנֵ֣י נֹֽגְשָׂ֔י⁠ו	0		Faces refer to the whole person, or the presence of the person(s) who were oppressing the Israelites. If this image is used in your language you may translate it, if a similar image is used you may consider using it, if neither is the case you may omit face and translate the meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
201	EXO	3	7	xx7r		נֹֽגְשָׂ֔י⁠ו	0	taskmasters	“his oppressors”
202	EXO	3	7	ofxt		כִּ֥י	0		The conjunction is probably functioning modally here, intensifying the expression of Yahweh’s knowledge. Your translation should express Yahweh’s knowing with certainty or strength.
203	EXO	3	7	mfn2	figs-collectivenouns	נֹֽגְשָׂ֔י⁠ו...מַכְאֹבָֽי⁠ו	0		These pronouns refer to the Israelites as a group in the singular. This is a collective noun. Some languages may have to use plural pronouns. Others may have to match the pronoun’s gender to the grammatical gender of the word for people in their language. Alternative translation: Change him to “them” or change his to “hers” or “its” (depending on grammatical gender of “people”.) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-collectivenouns]])
204	EXO	3	7	hkcj	figs-possession	מַכְאֹבָֽי⁠ו	0		This is an event related possessive where the people (as a group: his) are the subjects of anguish. Your translation should express that they are in deep mental and emotional distress (anguish) (implied: because they are treated badly as slaves). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
205	EXO	3	8	9ia8	grammar-connect-logic-result	וָ⁠אֵרֵ֞ד לְ⁠הַצִּיל֣⁠וֹ׀ מִ⁠יַּ֣ד מִצְרַ֗יִם וּֽ⁠לְ⁠הַעֲלֹת⁠וֹ֮ מִן־הָ⁠אָ֣רֶץ הַ⁠הִוא֒ אֶל־אֶ֤רֶץ טוֹבָה֙ וּ⁠רְחָבָ֔ה אֶל־אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּ⁠דְבָ֑שׁ אֶל־מְק֤וֹם הַֽ⁠כְּנַעֲנִי֙ וְ⁠הַ֣⁠חִתִּ֔י וְ⁠הָֽ⁠אֱמֹרִי֙ וְ⁠הַ⁠פְּרִזִּ֔י וְ⁠הַ⁠חִוִּ֖י וְ⁠הַ⁠יְבוּסִֽי׃	0		Verse 8 contains God’s intended result from his acts of seeing and hearing expressed in both verses 7 and 9. You may need to expressly mark this, for instance by introducing verse 8 with something like “therefore,” and verse 9 with something like “again, because.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
206	EXO	3	8	xy36	figs-go	וָ⁠אֵרֵ֞ד	0		God is figuratively expressing that he is descending from heaven to earth to intervene. God is always everywhere, but this means his special attention will be directed to this situation. Use whatever form of come or go is appropriate in your language for this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
207	EXO	3	8	nahb	figs-collectivenouns	לְ⁠הַצִּיל֣⁠וֹ...וּֽ⁠לְ⁠הַעֲלֹת⁠וֹ֮	0		These pronouns refer to the Israelites as a group in the singular. This is a collective noun. Some languages may have to use plural pronouns. Others may have to match the pronoun’s gender to the grammatical gender of the word for people in their language. See what you did in the previous verse. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-collectivenouns]])
208	EXO	3	8	8afv	figs-metaphor	מִ⁠יַּ֣ד	0		Someone’s hand is a common metaphor for power and control. Use a similar image if your language has one. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
209	EXO	3	8	djbz	figs-possession	מִ⁠יַּ֣ד מִצְרַ֗יִם	0		This is a possessive where the Egyptians are the subject of “the hand” which means power. The Egyptian’s use their power and control to oppress the Israelites. Use a phrase in your language that expresses the idea of a group of people having power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
210	EXO	3	8	mqyp	figs-parallelism	אֶל־אֶ֤רֶץ טוֹבָה֙ וּ⁠רְחָבָ֔ה אֶל־אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּ⁠דְבָ֑שׁ	0		There are multiple levels of parallelism here. First, the statements, to a good and wide land and to a land flowing with milk and honey are in parallel with each other. Within each of those, good and wide are in parallel with each other and also milk and honey are in parallel with each other. Each of these levels is meant to reinforce and expand on one another. These are not examples of synonymous parallelism and each part of the statement should be translated. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
211	EXO	3	8	pxy8	figs-metaphor	אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּ⁠דְבָ֑שׁ	0	a land flowing with milk and honey	God spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. If this metaphor makes sense in your language you may translate it, if your language has metaphors that mean a land is good for producing healthy livestock and good crops you may consider using those, if neither are the case you may translate the meaning. See UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
212	EXO	3	8	dtz9		​זָבַ֥ת	0	flowing with	“full of” or “with an abundance of”
213	EXO	3	8	q94i	figs-metonymy	חָלָ֖ב	0	milk	Since milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock. Alternate translation: “food from livestock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
214	EXO	3	8	l1as	figs-metonymy	וּ⁠דְבָ֑שׁ	0	honey	Since honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate translation: “food from crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
215	EXO	3	9	a2kf	grammar-connect-logic-result	וְ⁠עַתָּ֕ה	0		This functions as a discourse marker expressing logical conclusion. “Therefore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
216	EXO	3	9	tp2v	figs-exclamations	הִנֵּ֛ה	0		This is a term meant to focus the attention of the listener on what the speaker is about to say. If there is not a good way to translate this term in your language, this term can be omitted from the translation, or you can use an alternate translation like “certainly.” ​(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
217	EXO	3	9	uup9	figs-personification	​צַעֲקַ֥ת	0	the shouts of the people of Israel have come to me	Here the cry is spoken of as if it was a person who is capable of moving on his own. Alternate translation: “I have heard the cries of the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
218	EXO	3	9	gwou	figs-abstractnouns	הַ⁠לַּ֔חַץ	0		“I have seen how the Egyptians are oppressing them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
219	EXO	3	10	y4m1	grammar-connect-logic-result	וְ⁠עַתָּ֣ה	0		This functions as a discourse marker expressing logical conclusion. “Therefore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
220	EXO	3	11	y8cr	figs-rquestion	מִ֣י אָנֹ֔כִי כִּ֥י אֵלֵ֖ךְ אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֑ה וְ⁠כִ֥י אוֹצִ֛יא אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִ⁠מִּצְרָֽיִם	0	Who am I, that I should go to Pharaoh…Egypt?	Moses uses this question to tell God that Moses is not the right person for the job. Alternate translation: See UST (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
221	EXO	3	12	xugf	figs-youdual	תַּֽעַבְדוּ⁠ן֙	0		If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural form here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/​figs-youdual]])
222	EXO	3	13	8izv	figs-quotations	הִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֣י בָא֮ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וְ⁠אָמַרְתִּ֣י לָ⁠הֶ֔ם אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֲבוֹתֵי⁠כֶ֖ם שְׁלָחַ֣⁠נִי אֲלֵי⁠כֶ֑ם וְ⁠אָֽמְרוּ־לִ֣⁠י מַה־שְּׁמ֔⁠וֹ מָ֥ה אֹמַ֖ר אֲלֵ⁠הֶֽם	0		This is a direct quotation containing two second layer quotes within it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
223	EXO	3	13	lqms	grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical	הִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֣י בָא֮ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וְ⁠אָמַרְתִּ֣י לָ⁠הֶ֔ם אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֲבוֹתֵי⁠כֶ֖ם שְׁלָחַ֣⁠נִי אֲלֵי⁠כֶ֑ם וְ⁠אָֽמְרוּ־לִ֣⁠י מַה־שְּׁמ֔⁠וֹ	0		Moses presents God with a hypothetical situation here. The three events (go, say, say) are part of one hypothetical event. You should translate this in a way that makes it clear that this is a future, not-yet-real event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]])
224	EXO	3	13	jq42		הִנֵּ֨ה	0		This is a term meant to focus the attention of the listener on what the speaker is about to say. In this case, Moses uses it to introduce what he views as a probable future occurrence. Alternative translation: when or if.
225	EXO	3	13	0n81	figs-go	בָא֮	0		Use go or come as makes most sense of Moses’s hypothetical action of going from the mountain to where the Israelites are in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
226	EXO	3	13	m9uy	figs-quotesinquotes	אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֲבוֹתֵי⁠כֶ֖ם שְׁלָחַ֣⁠נִי אֲלֵי⁠כֶ֑ם	0		This is a second layer quotation. It should be marked in some manner that distinguishes it from the outer layer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
227	EXO	3	13	vfsk	figs-quotesinquotes	מַה־שְּׁמ֔⁠וֹ	0		This is a second layer quotation. It should be marked in some manner that distinguishes it from the outer layer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
228	EXO	3	13	bkei	grammar-connect-logic-result	מָ֥ה אֹמַ֖ר אֲלֵ⁠הֶֽם	0		Moses is asking God what he should do as a result of the hypothetical situation he presented. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
229	EXO	3	14	cli8		אֶֽהְיֶ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶֽהְיֶ֑ה	0	God said to Moses, “I AM THAT I AM.”	This is God’s response to Moses’s question about God’s name. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “God said to Moses, ‘Tell them that God says his name is, “I AM THAT I AM.”’”
230	EXO	3	14	b6vk		אֶֽהְיֶ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶֽהְיֶ֑ה	0	I AM THAT I AM	Possible meanings are (1) this whole sentence is God’s name or (2) God is not telling his name but something about himself. By saying this, God is teaching that he is eternal; he has always lived and always will live.
231	EXO	3	14	s62u		אֶֽהְיֶ֖ה...אֶֽהְיֶ֑ה...אֶֽהְיֶ֖ה	0	I AM	Languages that do not have an equivalent to the verb “am” may need to render this as “I LIVE” or “I EXIST.”
232	EXO	3	14	t745		וַ⁠יֹּ֗אמֶר	0		This is still God speaking. It may make more sense to omit this in some languages.
233	EXO	3	14	70ge	figs-quotesinquotes	אֶֽהְיֶ֖ה שְׁלָחַ֥⁠נִי אֲלֵי⁠כֶֽם	0		This is a second layer quotation. It should be marked in some manner that distinguishes it from the outer layer. It may also be possible to translate this as an indirect quotation, see UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
234	EXO	3	15	897b		וַ⁠יֹּאמֶר֩ ע֨וֹד אֱלֹהִ֜ים אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה	0		As God is still speaking, it may make more sense to omit this in some languages.
235	EXO	3	15	7aoa		כֹּֽה	0		This is the beginning of a direct quotation that goes all the way to the end of chapter 3 at verse 22. There are up to fourth layer quotations within this quotation as God tells Moses to tell the Israelite elders a specific message from God.
236	EXO	3	15	l962	figs-quotesinquotes	יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבֹתֵי⁠כֶ֗ם אֱלֹהֵ֨י אַבְרָהָ֜ם אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִצְחָ֛ק וֵ⁠אלֹהֵ֥י יַעֲקֹ֖ב שְׁלָחַ֣⁠נִי אֲלֵי⁠כֶ֑ם זֶה־שְּׁמִ֣⁠י לְ⁠עֹלָ֔ם וְ⁠זֶ֥ה זִכְרִ֖⁠י לְ⁠דֹ֥ר דֹּֽר	0		This is a second layer quotation. It should be marked in some manner that distinguishes it from the outer layer. It may be possible to translate it as an indirect quotation, but you will need to be careful to correctly change the pronoun persons. Alternative translation: “You must tell the Israelites that Yahweh, the God of their fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, sent you to them. This is his name forever, and this is his memorial from generation to generation.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
237	EXO	3	15	ixcb	figs-merism	לְ⁠דֹ֥ר דֹּֽר	0		The repetition of generation means something like “to each and every generation,” which means for all people at all times. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
238	EXO	3	16	ec3v	figs-quotesinquotes	יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י אֲבֹֽתֵי⁠כֶם֙ נִרְאָ֣ה אֵלַ֔⁠י אֱלֹהֵ֧י אַבְרָהָ֛ם יִצְחָ֥ק וְ⁠יַעֲקֹ֖ב לֵ⁠אמֹ֑ר	0	General Information:	This begins a second layer quotation that continues until the end of verse 17. It contains a third layer quotation that begins at I have certainly and also continues to the end of verse 17. It should be marked in some manner that distinguishes it from the outer layer. The closing marks for both the second and third layer quotations should not be until the end of verse 17. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
239	EXO	3	16	xqy9		אַבְרָהָ֛ם יִצְחָ֥ק וְ⁠יַעֲקֹ֖ב	0	the God of your ancestors, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob	Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob were three of the Israelites ancestors. They all worshiped the same God.
240	EXO	3	16	dvsz	figs-quotesinquotes	פָּקֹ֤ד פָּקַ֨דְתִּי֙ אֶתְ⁠כֶ֔ם וְ⁠אֶת־הֶ⁠עָשׂ֥וּי לָ⁠כֶ֖ם בְּ⁠מִצְרָֽיִם	0		This begins a third layer quotation that continues until the end of verse 17. It should be marked in some manner that distinguishes it from the outer two layers. The closing marks for both the second and third layer quotations should not be until the end of verse 17. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
241	EXO	3	16	efhh	figs-idiom	פָּקֹ֤ד פָּקַ֨דְתִּי֙	0		The Hebrew word meaning attend, visit, or observe is repeated here for emphasis. This word often means God is coming to take action. Translate this phrase in a way that communicates God’s focused, caring observation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
242	EXO	3	16	fv77	figs-youdual	אֶתְ⁠כֶ֔ם	0	I have indeed observed you	The word “you” refers to the people of Israel. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
243	EXO	3	16	55jm	figs-activepassive	הֶ⁠עָשׂ֥וּי	0		In some languages you may not be able to translate this as passive. Alternative translation: see UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
244	EXO	3	16	4vgc	figs-metonymy	בְּ⁠מִצְרָֽיִם	0		The phrase in Egypt is a metonym for the Egyptian oppressors. Alternative translation: “by the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
245	EXO	3	17	c54k	figs-quotesinquotes	אַעֲלֶ֣ה אֶתְ⁠כֶם֮ מֵ⁠עֳנִ֣י מִצְרַיִם֒ אֶל־אֶ֤רֶץ הַֽ⁠כְּנַעֲנִי֙ וְ⁠הַ֣⁠חִתִּ֔י וְ⁠הָֽ⁠אֱמֹרִי֙ וְ⁠הַ⁠פְּרִזִּ֔י וְ⁠הַ⁠חִוִּ֖י וְ⁠הַ⁠יְבוּסִ֑י אֶל־אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּ⁠דְבָֽשׁ	0		This is a fourth layer quotation. It should be marked in some manner that distinguishes it from the outer three layers. Alternatively it can be translated as an indirect quotation, see UST. If you are using direct quotations, at the end of this verse you should have three closing markers. In English, it looks like ’ ” ’ (without spaces). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
246	EXO	3	17	r8mg	figs-idiom	אַעֲלֶ֣ה	0		Regardless of the geographic realities, to bring up does not primarily have a literal meaning. Rather it means to bring the Israelites into a better situation. God promised to bring them up from their low status as slaves, to a place where they would be the masters of a good land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
247	EXO	3	17	pwn5	figs-metaphor	​אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּ⁠דְבָֽשׁ	0	a land flowing with milk and honey	God spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. See how you translated this in Exodus 3:8. Alternate translation: “a land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” or “a land where milk and honey flow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
248	EXO	3	17	za9l		זָבַ֥ת	0	flowing with	“full of” or “with an abundance of”
249	EXO	3	17	rtr5	figs-metonymy	​חָלָ֖ב	0	milk	Since milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock. Alternate translation: “food from livestock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
250	EXO	3	17	msf8	figs-metonymy	​וּ⁠דְבָֽשׁ	0	honey	Since honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate translation: “food from crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
251	EXO	3	18	cy2z	figs-idiom	וְ⁠שָׁמְע֖וּ	0		This term often means “hear and do/obey.” Alternative translation: “heed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
252	EXO	3	18	j24k	writing-participants	לְ⁠קֹלֶ֑⁠ךָ...אַתָּה֩	0	They will listen to you	The word “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
253	EXO	3	18	9na8	figs-synecdoche	לְ⁠קֹלֶ֑⁠ךָ	0		This means the elders will listen to the message Moses brings from God. Alternative translation: “to your message” or “to my message which you tell them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
254	EXO	3	18	r74o	figs-possession	וְ⁠זִקְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל	0
255	EXO	3	18	eep7	figs-collectivenouns	יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל	0		This is a collective noun that refers to all the Israelites. Alternative translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-collectivenouns]])
256	EXO	3	18	ot9r	figs-metonymy	מִצְרַ֗יִם	0		Here Egypt refers to the Egyptian nation. Alternate translation: “of the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
257	EXO	3	18	idp7	figs-youdual	וַ⁠אֲמַרְתֶּ֤ם	0	General Information:	If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
258	EXO	3	18	i47o	figs-inclusive	עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ...נֵֽלֲכָה...וְ⁠נִזְבְּחָ֖ה	0		These instances of us are exclusive, they include Moses, the elders, and all the Israelites, but exclude the king of Egypt. If your language makes this distinction verify that you used the correct form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
259	EXO	3	18	4eal	translate-numbers	שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת	0		“3” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
260	EXO	3	19	qf46	figs-metonymy	​וְ⁠לֹ֖א בְּ⁠יָ֥ד חֲזָקָֽה	0	unless his hand is forced	This can be stated in active form. The word “hand” is a metonym for the power of the owner of the hand. Possible meanings are (1) “only if he sees that he has no power to do anything else,” where the “hand” belongs to Pharaoh; where the “hand” belongs to Yahweh, (2) “only if I force him to let you go” or (3) “not even if I force him to let you go.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
261	EXO	3	20	nuzx	grammar-connect-logic-result	וְ⁠שָׁלַחְתִּ֤י	0		God says that his stretching out his hand to strike Egypt will be a result of the king of Egypt’s stubbornness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
262	EXO	3	20	yds5	figs-metonymy	וְ⁠שָׁלַחְתִּ֤י אֶת־יָדִ⁠י֙	0	I will reach out with my hand and attack	Here hand refers to God’s power. Alternate translation: “I will powerfully attack” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
263	EXO	3	20	dzsp	figs-metonymy	מִצְרַ֔יִם	0		This refers to both the land and the people group, then by extension to Pharaoh as well. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
264	EXO	3	20	c9a3		מִצְרַ֔יִם...בְּ⁠קִרְבּ֑⁠וֹ	0		Here him refers to Egypt as a collective.
265	EXO	3	20	6dw3	grammar-connect-time-sequential	וְ⁠אַחֲרֵי־כֵ֖ן	0		Here the sequential nature of these happenings is emphasized. Consider using a stronger sequential connective term than usual here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
266	EXO	3	20	ay53	writing-participants	יְשַׁלַּ֥ח	0		he refers to the king of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
267	EXO	3	20	awxs	figs-youdual	אֶתְ⁠כֶֽם	0		This refers to the Israelites. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
268	EXO	3	21	btwc	figs-idiom	חֵ֥ן...בְּ⁠עֵינֵ֣י מִצְרָ֑יִם	0		This means that when the Egyptians see the Israelites (Hebrews) leaving Egypt, they will gladly help them (because they want them to leave so badly due to God's judgement.) in the eyes of the Egyptians is an idiom for the Egyptian’s feelings. If your language has the same or a similar idiom you can translate or use it, otherwise you can translate the meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
269	EXO	3	21	82wf	figs-possession	בְּ⁠עֵינֵ֣י מִצְרָ֑יִם	0		This is part-whole possessive, also possibly inalienable possessive if your language uses a different form of possessive for things you cannot lose. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
270	EXO	3	21	s45u		הָֽ⁠עָם־הַ⁠זֶּ֖ה	0		“you”
271	EXO	3	21	uz3c	figs-youdual	תֵֽלֵכ֔וּ⁠ן...תֵלְכ֖וּ	0		If your language uses different forms of “you” depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
272	EXO	3	21	19sl	figs-go	תֵֽלֵכ֔וּ⁠ן...תֵלְכ֖וּ	0		“leave” or “go out” or “come out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
273	EXO	3	21	kt7b	figs-doublenegatives	לֹ֥א תֵלְכ֖וּ רֵיקָֽם	0	will not go empty-handed	This phrase is used to emphasize the opposite meaning. Alternate translation: “will go with your hands full of good things” or “will go with many valuable things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
274	EXO	3	22	w2av		וּ⁠מִ⁠גָּרַ֣ת בֵּיתָ֔⁠הּ	0	any women staying in her neighbors’ houses	Sojourning means living somewhere other than one’s native land, usually temporarily. It is unclear both who the sojourning (visiting) women are and in whose house they are sojourning, leaving several possibilities. Most translations that make a decision about who they are identify both the temporary resident and her host home as Egyptian. This makes sense as the Israelites will be plundering the Egyptians. If it is possible to leave this ambiguous in your translation, that is best.
275	EXO	3	22	474q	figs-youdual	וְ⁠שַׂמְתֶּ֗ם עַל־בְּנֵי⁠כֶם֙ וְ⁠עַל־בְּנֹ֣תֵי⁠כֶ֔ם וְ⁠נִצַּלְתֶּ֖ם	0		Each of these is a plural you. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
276	EXO	4	intro	kap5			0		Exodus 04 General Notes Potential Translation Issues Quotations There is a difficult transition between 4:4 and 4:5 because the quotation stops in the middle to inject a bit of narrative and when it resumes in 4:5 the sentence seems incomplete (even if merged directly with the quotation fragment in 4:4). Yahweh’s instructions to Moses are complex and there are up to fourth layer quotations in this chapter. Translators will need to decide if some of these need to become indirect quotations (if that is possible in their language) and use great care to use the proper quotation markings in the proper location. Order of events The order of events is not always clear. In 4:14 Yahweh tells Moses that Aaron is coming to meet him, but Yahweh telling Aaron to go meet Moses in the wilderness is not recorded until 4:27. The timing of the events in 4:18-4:27, especially verse 18-19 & 27, in relation to the rest of the events of the chapter is unclear. Yahweh’s attempt to kill someone The encounter recorded from 4:24 to 4:26 is one of the strangest and most difficult passages in the entire book. Difficulties include: To whom do the pronouns refer? Masculine pronouns are used throughout the section, but there are two possible antecedents, Moses (who is not named in the narrative) and Zipporah’s son (who was presumably also Moses’ son, but this is how he is referred to in this text, for why see below on why Yahweh did this). Most commentators believe the pronouns refer to Moses. Circumcision is described in fairly graphic detail. Different cultures will need to approach this differently. Some may have terms for circumcision, others may be comfortable translating mostly literally, others will need to use euphemisms or other strategies to translate. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]]) The meaning of the phrase a bridegroom of blood (ULT) is unknown. Why did Yahweh attack Moses? Many commentators conclude that Moses had neglected to circumcise one of his sons because it displeased Zipporah and Yahweh was holding Moses responsible before he returned to lead the Israelites (who should have been circumcised). When Zipporah repented by circumcising the son herself and touching the foreskin to Moses’ feet, Yahweh relents. These conclusions should help inform translation but should not be made explicit in the text. Study concepts in this chapter Moses does not understand Although Moses believes in Yahweh, he does not trust in him. This is because Moses lacks understanding. Moses tries to believe the things he is asked to do are done by his own power. Yahweh is trying to get Moses to trust that these are Yahweh’s doing. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) Children of God This chapter introduces the concept that the people group Israel is the chosen people of God and God’s firstborn son. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/firstborn]]) Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart Scholars are divided over how to understand this statement. There is debate over whether Pharaoh plays an active or passive role in the hardening of his own heart. Translators should simply follow the text. In Exodus 4-14 there are ten statements that Yahweh hardens Pharaoh’s heart, and ten statements that Pharaoh hardens his own heart. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
277	EXO	4	1	j4yg		וַ⁠יַּ֤עַן מֹשֶׁה֙ וַ⁠יֹּ֔אמֶר	0	if they do not believe	answered and said is a Hebrew expression which does not convey any extra information. Unless your language naturally uses a similar structure, it is better to translate one verb and omit the other. In this case you could use the alternative translation: Moses answered, “But...
278	EXO	4	1	b3xv	figs-quotations	וְ⁠הֵן֙ לֹֽא־יַאֲמִ֣ינוּ לִ֔⁠י וְ⁠לֹ֥א יִשְׁמְע֖וּ בְּ⁠קֹלִ֑⁠י כִּ֣י יֹֽאמְר֔וּ לֹֽא־נִרְאָ֥ה אֵלֶ֖י⁠ךָ יְהוָֽה	0		This is a direct quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
279	EXO	4	1	neto	figs-quotesinquotes	לֹֽא־נִרְאָ֥ה אֵלֶ֖י⁠ךָ יְהוָֽה	0		This is a second layer quotation. It should be marked in some manner that distinguishes it from the outer layer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
280	EXO	4	1	327j		וְ⁠הֵן֙	0		This is a term meant to focus the attention of the listener on what the speaker is about to say. If there is not a good way to translate this term in your language, this term can be omitted from the translation, or you can use an alternate translation like, “Listen to me.”
281	EXO	4	2	87dl	writing-participants	אֵלָ֛י⁠ו...וַ⁠יֹּ֖אמֶר	0		“Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
282	EXO	4	3	zycd	figs-metonymy	מִ⁠פָּנָֽי⁠ו	0		Here “face” figuratively represents the snake itself. Alternative translation: “from the snake.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
283	EXO	4	4	g6bk		וֶ⁠אֱחֹ֖ז בִּ⁠זְנָב֑⁠וֹ	0	take it by the tail	“pick it up by the tail” or “grasp it by the tail”
284	EXO	4	4	bzmp	figs-quotations	שְׁלַח֙ יָֽדְ⁠ךָ֔ וֶ⁠אֱחֹ֖ז בִּ⁠זְנָב֑⁠וֹ	0		This is a direct quotation that is interrupted by Moses obeying Yahweh. This is probably a tightly ordered sequence of events where Yahweh paused and then continued speaking immediately after Moses obeyed. The quote resumes in verse 5 and there is more discussion there about how to handle the resumption.(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
285	EXO	4	4	m86n		וַ⁠יְהִ֥י לְ⁠מַטֶּ֖ה	0	became a staff	“turned into a rod” or “changed into a staff”
286	EXO	4	5	l4tn	figs-quotations	לְמַ֣עַן יַאֲמִ֔ינוּ כִּֽי־נִרְאָ֥ה אֵלֶ֛י⁠ךָ יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם אֱלֹהֵ֧י אַבְרָהָ֛ם אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִצְחָ֖ק וֵ⁠אלֹהֵ֥י יַעֲקֹֽב	0		This continues the direct quotation from the first part of verse 4. It may be more natural to reorganize verses four and five to keep the quote together. If you rearrange like this, Moses picking up the snake/staff should come after the full quotation. However it is better to do something similar to the UST which restates that Yahweh is speaking and provides some implied directives from Yahweh to make a complete sentence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
287	EXO	4	5	9iok	writing-participants	יַאֲמִ֔ינוּ...אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם	0		These pronouns refer either to the Israelites or to the Israelite elders. As God had instructed Moses to gather and speak to the elders, if you make this participant explicit elders is a better option. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
288	EXO	4	5	oqi5	writing-participants	אֵלֶ֛י⁠ךָ	0		This refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
289	EXO	4	5	jr8m		אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם אֱלֹהֵ֧י אַבְרָהָ֛ם אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִצְחָ֖ק וֵ⁠אלֹהֵ֥י יַעֲקֹֽב	0	the God of their ancestors, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob	Abraham, Isaac and Jacob were three of their ancestors. They all worshiped the same God.
290	EXO	4	6	ep52	figs-exclamations	וְ⁠הִנֵּ֥ה	0	behold	This word is used to create an exclamation, showing surprise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
291	EXO	4	6	pw7g	figs-simile	כַּ⁠שָּֽׁלֶג	0	as white as snow	The word like (ULT) or as (UST) here is used to compare what Moses’ hand looked like. You may not have a word for snow in your language. If so, consider an alternative that describes something white. Alternate translation: “as white as wool” or “white like the sand on the beach” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
292	EXO	4	7	prr9	figs-exclamations	וְ⁠הִנֵּה	0		This word is used to create an exclamation, showing surprise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
293	EXO	4	8	well	figs-personification	לְ⁠קֹ֖ל הָ⁠אֹ֣ת...לְ⁠קֹ֖ל הָ⁠אֹ֥ת	0		Here the signs are spoken of as if they had a voice with which they could speak. Alternative translation: “if they do not believe you, and they are not convinced that God has appeared to you by you showing them the first sign, then they will be convinced by you showing them the second sign.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
294	EXO	4	8	gxlg	writing-participants	יַאֲמִ֣ינוּ...יִשְׁמְע֔וּ...וְ⁠הֶֽאֱמִ֔ינוּ	0		These pronouns refer either to the Israelites or to the Israelite elders. As God had instructed Moses to gather and speak to the elders, if you make this participant explicit elders is a better option, but be sure to do the same as you did in verse 7. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
295	EXO	4	8	lsb3		יַאֲמִ֣ינוּ...וְ⁠הֶֽאֱמִ֔ינוּ	0	pay attention	“acknowledge” or “accept”
296	EXO	4	9	q82r	writing-participants	יַאֲמִ֡ינוּ...יִשְׁמְעוּ⁠ן֙	0		These pronouns refer either to the Israelites or to the Israelite elders. As God had instructed Moses to gather and speak to the elders, if you make this participant explicit elders is a better option, but be sure to do the same as you did in verse 7. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
297	EXO	4	10	t8i9		בִּ֣י	0		This word is used by a speaker to beg a superior to allow him to speak.
298	EXO	4	10	w12a		לֹא֩ אִ֨ישׁ דְּבָרִ֜ים אָנֹ֗כִי גַּ֤ם מִ⁠תְּמוֹל֙ גַּ֣ם מִ⁠שִּׁלְשֹׁ֔ם	0	have never been eloquent	“have never been an excellent speaker”
299	EXO	4	10	opes		אִ֨ישׁ דְּבָרִ֜ים	0		This expression means “a man who uses words well,” in other words an eloquent man, who can speak well and convincingly.
300	EXO	4	10	pk0l	figs-merism	גַּ֤ם מִ⁠תְּמוֹל֙ גַּ֣ם מִ⁠שִּׁלְשֹׁ֔ם	0		This phrase simply means, “in the past.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
301	EXO	4	10	wsl4	figs-123person	עַבְדֶּ֑⁠ךָ	0		Moses refers to himself as God’s servant to lower his status before God (and perhaps by doing to so make it argument of inability stronger). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
302	EXO	4	10	bv64	figs-doublet	כְבַד־פֶּ֛ה וּ⁠כְבַ֥ד לָשׁ֖וֹן	0	I am slow of speech and slow of tongue	These phrases mean basically the same thing. Moses uses them to emphasize that he is not a good speaker. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
303	EXO	4	10	zm3y	figs-metonymy	לָשׁ֖וֹן	0	slow of tongue	Here “tongue” refers to Moses’ ability to speak. Alternate translation: “unable to speak well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
304	EXO	4	11	ks2m	figs-rquestion	מִ֣י שָׂ֣ם פֶּה֮ לָֽ⁠אָדָם֒	0	Who is it who made man’s mouth?	Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that he is the Creator who makes if possible for people to speak. Alternate translation: “I Yahweh am the one who created the human mouth and the ability to speak!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
305	EXO	4	11	e1y6	figs-rquestion	מִֽי־יָשׂ֣וּם אִלֵּ֔ם א֣וֹ חֵרֵ֔שׁ א֥וֹ פִקֵּ֖חַ א֣וֹ עִוֵּ֑ר	0	Who makes a man mute or deaf or seeing or blind?	Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that he is the one who decides if people can speak and hear, and if they can see. Alternate translation: “I Yahweh make people able to speak, or hear, or to see, or to be blind!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
306	EXO	4	11	uq7j	figs-rquestion	הֲ⁠לֹ֥א אָנֹכִ֖י יְהוָֽה	0	Is it not I, Yahweh?	Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that he alone makes these decisions. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, am the one who does this!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
307	EXO	4	12	kkr1	figs-metonymy	וְ⁠אָנֹכִי֙ אֶֽהְיֶ֣ה עִם־פִּ֔י⁠ךָ	0	I will be with your mouth	Here “mouth” refers to Moses’ ability to speak. Alternate translation: “I will give you the ability to speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
308	EXO	4	13	brer		בִּ֣י	0		This word is used by a speaker to beg a superior to allow him to speak. See what you did in verse 10.
309	EXO	4	13	s8nl		שְֽׁלַֽח־נָ֖א בְּ⁠יַד־תִּשְׁלָֽח	0		In translating this phrase it is important to make clear that Moses is asking Yahweh to send someone else. He is not here accepting Yahweh’s commission.
310	EXO	4	13	8ta6	figs-synecdoche	בְּ⁠יַד	0		This phrase means “by a person.” The figure is of a person taking Yahweh’s message in his hand to the Israelites and Pharaoh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
311	EXO	4	14	uy2v	figs-idiom	וַ⁠יִּֽחַר־אַ֨ף	0		This is an idiom meaning that Yahweh is angry. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became angry” (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom)
312	EXO	4	14	ifax	writing-participants	וַ⁠יֹּ֨אמֶר֙	0		“Yahweh said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
313	EXO	4	14	okko	figs-rquestion	הֲ⁠לֹ֨א אַהֲרֹ֤ן אָחִ֨י⁠ךָ֙ הַ⁠לֵּוִ֔י	0		Yahweh uses this rhetorical question to suggest an alternative to Moses. Alternative translation: “I know you have a brother, Aaron the Levite.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
314	EXO	4	14	e0js	figs-kinship	אָחִ֨י⁠ךָ֙	0		Aaron was three years older than Moses (see Exodus 7:7), which may be important for translating “brother” in some languages. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-kinship]])
315	EXO	4	14	y5ed	figs-idiom	דַבֵּ֥ר יְדַבֵּ֖ר	0		In Hebrew, the word speak is repeated. This means he speaks well. English cannot convey this by doubling so the meaning was translated in the ULT in this case. If your language can say something like “speaking speaks” to mean “speaks well,” consider it, otherwise translate the meaning similarly to the ULT or UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
316	EXO	4	14	8q64		הִנֵּה	0		This is used to draw attention to surprising information that follows. If your language has a term that functions in that way (“Listen!” or “Look!” or “Pay Attention!”), use it here.
317	EXO	4	14	ettp	figs-go	יֹצֵ֣א	0		Yahweh says Aaron is coming from Egypt to Midian to find Moses. He is probably on foot. Depending on the language the required form of go or come may vary. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
318	EXO	4	14	8kn8	grammar-connect-logic-result	וְ⁠שָׂמַ֥ח	0		Aaron will be glad because he sees Moses. Consider a conjunction or other form that expresses result as in the UST or alternative translation: “because he sees you, he will have joy in his heart” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
319	EXO	4	14	ew4h	figs-metonymy	בְּ⁠לִבּֽ⁠וֹ	0	he will be glad in his heart	Here “heart” refers to inner thoughts and emotions. Alternate translation: “he will be very happy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
320	EXO	4	15	u97f	figs-metaphor	הַ⁠דְּבָרִ֖ים	0	put the words to say into his mouth	Words here are spoken of as if they were something that can be physically placed in a person’s mouth. Alternate translation: “give him the message that he is to repeat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
321	EXO	4	15	q9cf	figs-metonymy	פִּ֨י⁠ךָ֙...פִּ֔י⁠הוּ	0	I will be with your mouth	The word mouth here represents Moses and Aaron’s choice of words. Alternate translation: “I will give you the right words to speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
322	EXO	4	15	v57x	figs-youdual	אֶתְ⁠כֶ֔ם...תַּעֲשֽׂוּ⁠ן	0	with his mouth	These refer to Moses and Aaron. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a dual if you have one or if not use a plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
323	EXO	4	16	mnsp	figs-simile	לְ⁠פֶ֔ה	0		This phrase compares Aaron to a mouth because he will be the one actually to vocalize to the Israelites and Pharaoh what Moses tells him. Alternate translation: “He will say what you tell him to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
324	EXO	4	16	gn5v	figs-simile	תִּֽהְיֶה־לּ֥⁠וֹ לֵֽ⁠אלֹהִֽים	0	you will be to him like me, God	The word “like” here means Moses would represent the same authority to Aaron as God did to Moses. Alternate translation: “you will speak to Aaron with the same authority with which I spoke to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
325	EXO	4	18	j2ix	writing-participants	יֶ֣תֶר	0		Jethro is reintroduced as a participant in the narrative here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
326	EXO	4	18	cbop	figs-go	וַ⁠יֵּ֨לֶךְ	0		Because the setting has shifted back to Jethro’s home, some languages may need to use “come” here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
327	EXO	4	18	b6mf	figs-kinship	חֹֽתְנ֗⁠וֹ	0	father-in-law	This refers to the father of Moses’ wife. Some languages may use a different term for the husband’s or wife’s father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-kinship]])
328	EXO	4	18	wlit	writing-participants	וַ⁠יֹּ֤אמֶר	0		“and Moses said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
329	EXO	4	18	7zke	writing-participants	ל⁠וֹ֙	0		“to Jethro” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
330	EXO	4	18	67yz	figs-metonymy	אַחַ֣⁠י	0		“my relatives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
331	EXO	4	18	gq2g	figs-idiom	וְ⁠אֶרְאֶ֖ה הַ⁠עוֹדָ֣⁠ם	0		Later in the Bible we are told that Moses was in Midian for 40 years. Moses’ request may have been literal or an idiom that meant he wanted to know how they were doing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
332	EXO	4	18	yay3	figs-explicit	לֵ֥ךְ לְ⁠שָׁלֽוֹם	0		This is a phrase of assent and blessing. It may be necessary for some languages to explicitly add, “Yes,” to the beginning of Jethro’s response. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
333	EXO	4	19	wwr8	grammar-connect-time-sequential	וַ⁠יֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֤ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה֙	0		The timing and situation for Yahweh speaking to Moses here is not specified. Some conjecture that it was part of the narrative of the encounter with Yahweh from the previous verses but placed after his request to Jethro for an unknown reason. Another speculation is that Moses delayed returning to Egypt (either by his own choice, Yahweh’s instructions, or someone else delaying him) and Yahweh came and told him again (the UST explicitly offers this optional translation). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
334	EXO	4	20	fua6	writing-participants	בָּנָ֗י⁠ו	0		Moses’ second son is not introduced until 18:4 but had already been born before they left Midian. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
335	EXO	4	20	zi5m	writing-participants	וַ⁠יָּ֖שָׁב אַ֣רְצָ⁠ה מִצְרָ֑יִם	0		It is clear from verse 24 and 25 that his family went with him, so you may need to translate as “they returned.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
336	EXO	4	20	47k5	grammar-connect-time-sequential	וַ⁠יָּ֖שָׁב אַ֣רְצָ⁠ה מִצְרָ֑יִם	0		After the incident on the road in verses 24-26, Moses’ family is not mentioned again until 18:2 which says that Moses sent them back, so a translation similar to the UST which only commits to the family starting on the way to Egypt may be better. This option has the further benefit of allowing for the several events that happen before Moses gets to Egypt. The ULT’s towards is another way of giving space in the translation for the next several events. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
337	EXO	4	20	7e3s	figs-possession	מַטֵּ֥ה הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֖ים	0		There are a few possible options for the meaning of this phrase mostly concerning the question of whether or not it is the same staff that Yahweh told him to take in 4:17 or a different one and in what way does God possess this staff. If an explicit interpretation is made in the translation it would be best to do something like the UST, which references back to Yahweh’s instruction in 4:17. Optionally, you may further explicate God’s appointing the staff as his instrument to do miraculous works while in Moses’ hand, such as, “the staff God told Moses to take because God planned to work powerfully when Moses stretched the staff out.” Make sure your translation does not make people think the staff was a magic wand or shaman’s staff that had its own power, or power from Moses, or gave Moses the ability to command God. In every instance where miracles happened, God tells Moses to do something with the staff, Moses obeys, and then God causes a miracle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
338	EXO	4	21	lva8	figs-quotations	בְּ⁠לֶכְתְּ⁠ךָ֙	0		This begins a direct quotation that continues to the end of 4:23. It contains up to fourth layer quotations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
339	EXO	4	21	oajf		רְאֵ֗ה	0		Most translations and interpretations of this verb take it to mean something like, “see that you do”
340	EXO	4	21	0gqf	figs-metaphor	כָּל־הַ⁠מֹּֽפְתִים֙ אֲשֶׁר־שַׂ֣מְתִּי בְ⁠יָדֶ֔⁠ךָ	0		Here, the miracles are spoken of as if they were items Moses could carry. This may in part be because the three signs already given to Moses involved the use of his hand. Alternative translation: “all the wonders I have authorized you to perform” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
341	EXO	4	21	kdsb	figs-metonymy	לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י פַרְעֹ֑ה	0		This time while, before the face of, still has the standard figurative meaning of in the presence of, it is a much more literal use here. Moses is to actually do the miracles in front of Pharaoh, in his sight. Alternative translation: “in Pharaoh’s sight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
342	EXO	4	21	ovma	grammar-connect-logic-contrast	וַ⁠אֲנִי֙ אֲחַזֵּ֣ק	0		Referring to himself in the opening of this sentence serves to emphasize a contrast in what might be expected and what will happen. Translate this in a way that clearly contrasts the performance of miracles before Pharaoh (which might be expected to lead to him releasing the Israelites) with what Yahweh says he will do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
343	EXO	4	21	uvoh	figs-idiom	וַ⁠אֲנִי֙ אֲחַזֵּ֣ק אֶת־לִבּ֔⁠וֹ	0		This is an idiom meaning that God will make Pharaoh resist listening to Moses. Alternative translation: “I will cause him to be stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
344	EXO	4	21	bq9d	figs-synecdoche	לִבּ֔⁠וֹ	0	will harden his heart	Here heart refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. Alternate translation: “will cause Pharaoh to be stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
345	EXO	4	21	uudz	grammar-connect-logic-result	וְ⁠לֹ֥א יְשַׁלַּ֖ח אֶת־הָ⁠עָֽם	0		Make it clear in translation that this is a result of God hardening Pharaoh’s heart. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
346	EXO	4	22	ftde		כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה	0		This is the first of hundreds of occurrences throughout the Old Testament of a standard phrase used to introduce direct, authoritative instruction from Yahweh. It would be good for your team to have a standard way to translate this that makes it clear that the words that come next are directly from God. If your language has a standard way of introducing a new message from your leaders that alerts the hearers that these are the words of the leader, that would be a good phrase to consider.
347	EXO	4	22	zb2e	figs-quotesinquotes	כֹּ֚ה	0		This begins a second layer quotation that continues until the end of 4:23. It should be marked in some manner that distinguishes it from the outer layer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
348	EXO	4	22	teyy	figs-quotations	כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה	0		The second layer quotation here may be a good one to translate as an indirect quotation in order to reduce the layers of quotations in this passage. Alternative translation: “tell Pharaoh that Yahweh says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
349	EXO	4	22	kud7	figs-quotesinquotes	בְּנִ֥⁠י	0		This is the beginning of a third layer quotation that continues until the end of 4:23. It should be marked in some manner that distinguishes it from the outer layers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
350	EXO	4	22	1od0	figs-metaphor	בְּנִ֥⁠י בְכֹרִ֖⁠י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃	0		Some languages may need to change the metaphor here into a simile. See UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
351	EXO	4	22	pt4n	figs-collectivenouns	יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	0	Israel is my son	The word Israel here represents all the people of Israel as a group. It is important to keep the singular reference to Israel as son, rather than change it to something like, ‘the Israelites are my children,’ because God is making a particular contrast here between his son and Pharaoh’s son. Some languages may not be able to use Israel as a collective noun and may need to choose a translation like, “the nation of Israel” or “the Israelite nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-collectivenouns]])
352	EXO	4	22	8oc8	figs-metonymy	יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	0		The Israelite nation is often referred to simply by the name of the patriarch. For alternative translation see: [[rc://en/tn/help/exo/04/22/pt4n]] (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
353	EXO	4	23	syar	figs-quotesinquotes	שַׁלַּ֤ח אֶת־בְּנִ⁠י֙ וְ⁠יַֽעַבְדֵ֔⁠נִי	0		This is a fourth layer quotation. It should be marked in some manner that distinguishes it from the outer layers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
354	EXO	4	23	0pc4	figs-quotations	שַׁלַּ֤ח אֶת־בְּנִ⁠י֙ וְ⁠יַֽעַבְדֵ֔⁠נִי	0		The fourth layer quotation here may be a good one to translate as an indirect quotation in order to reduce the layers of quotations in this passage. Alternative translation: “...I told you to let my son go that he may serve me. But...” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
355	EXO	4	23	k7mh	figs-metaphor	בְּנִ⁠י֙	0	you have refused to let him go	Yahweh continues to metaphorically speak of Israel as my son. See what you did at [[rc://en/tn/help/exo/04/22/1od0]]. Alternative translation: “the Israelite nation which is like a son to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
356	EXO	4	23	u825	figs-pronouns	וְ⁠יַֽעַבְדֵ֔⁠נִי...לְ⁠שַׁלְּח֑⁠וֹ	0		The pronouns he and him agree with son. What you use may depend on how you translated son at [[rc://en/tn/help/exo/04/23/k7mh]]. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
357	EXO	4	23	2g32		הִנֵּה֙	0		This is used to draw attention to surprising information that follows. Alternative translation: “Know this”
358	EXO	4	23	re11		בִּנְ⁠ךָ֖	0	I will certainly kill your son, your firstborn	This refers to the actual son of Pharaoh.
359	EXO	4	24	sp6h	writing-newevent	וַ⁠יְהִ֥י	0	Yahweh met Moses and tried to kill him	This introduces a new event. Mark the transition in a natural way in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
360	EXO	4	24	p820	writing-participants	וַ⁠יִּפְגְּשֵׁ֣⁠הוּ...הֲמִיתֽ⁠וֹ	0		Here, it is not clear who him refers to. Most commentators believe it refers to Moses, but it could refer to the son, though that is less likely. If it is necessary to choose for your translation, use Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
361	EXO	4	24	3xy0	writing-participants	הֲמִיתֽ⁠וֹ	0		Here, he refers to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
362	EXO	4	25	m1la	translate-names	צִפֹּרָ֜ה	0	Zipporah	This is the name of Moses’s wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
363	EXO	4	25	sftg	writing-participants	צִפֹּרָ֜ה	0		Zipporah is introduced here as a new participant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
364	EXO	4	25	a36h	translate-unknown	צֹ֗ר	0	flint knife	This was a knife with a sharpened stone blade. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
365	EXO	4	25	nkxn	translate-unknown	עָרְלַ֣ת	0		Theforeskin is the retractable fold of skin which covers and protects the end of the penis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
366	EXO	4	25	l6sr	figs-euphemism	לְ⁠רַגְלָ֑י⁠ו	0	to his feet	It is possible that the word feet may have been a more respectful way to refer to the genital area of the body. However, that possibility is not high enough that you should translate it either literally as genitals or with another euphemism meaning genitals in your language. If you have a word that means primarily feet or legs, but could in some cases also euphemistically mean genitals, you may consider it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
367	EXO	4	25	3g3x	figs-quotations	כִּ֧י חֲתַן־דָּמִ֛ים אַתָּ֖ה לִֽ⁠י	0		This is a direct quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
368	EXO	4	25	b2t3	figs-metaphor	כִּ֧י חֲתַן־דָּמִ֛ים אַתָּ֖ה לִֽ⁠י	0	you are a bridegroom to me by blood	The meaning of this metaphor is unclear. It was probably a known saying in that culture. Alternate translation: “you are related to me by this blood” or “you are my husband because of blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
369	EXO	4	26	ceqk	grammar-connect-logic-result	וַ⁠יִּ֖רֶף	0		As a result of Zipporah’s action. Consider a conjunction or other form that expresses result as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
370	EXO	4	26	o4zt	writing-participants	וַ⁠יִּ֖רֶף	0		“Yahweh relented” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
371	EXO	4	26	4l5u	writing-participants	מִמֶּ֑⁠נּוּ	0		As in 4:24 this could mean either Moses or the son, but most commentators think it is still Moses. The UST uses anyone to preserve ambiguity. Alternative translation: “from Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
372	EXO	4	26	r8hj	figs-quotations	חֲתַ֥ן דָּמִ֖ים	0		This is a unique quotation because Zipporah probably does not speak again, rather the quotation refers back to her statement in 4:25. Your language may handle this sort of quotation in a special way. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
373	EXO	4	26	abmg	figs-quotations	חֲתַ֥ן דָּמִ֖ים לַ⁠מּוּלֹֽת	0		It is not clear if the quotation includes because of the circumcision or if that is a comment explaining the quotation. Translations are divided in where they end the quotation, but most exclude because of the circumcision and it is best to follow that unless a locally respected translation includes it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
374	EXO	4	27	xk6b	writing-newevent	וַ⁠יֹּ֤אמֶר	0	Yahweh said to Aaron	You may want to add a word that marks the beginning of a new part of the story, as the UST does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
375	EXO	4	27	qxpc	writing-participants	אַהֲרֹ֔ן	0		Aaron is introduced as a new participant. Some languages may mark this in some way. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
376	EXO	4	27	wy4n	figs-possession	בְּ⁠הַ֥ר הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֖ים	0	at the mountain of God	See how you translated this in 3:1, consult this this note: [[rc://en/tn/help/exo/03/01/p27s]] (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
377	EXO	4	27	tfn2	translate-symaction	וַ⁠יִּשַּׁק	0		This was a traditional way of greeting which showed love. You can make this explicit as the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
378	EXO	4	28	ad9x		שְׁלָח֑⁠וֹ...צִוָּֽ⁠הוּ	0		These are a bit awkward to translate in English, so the UST adds more information. Other languages may not have the same difficulty.
379	EXO	4	28	b429	writing-participants	שְׁלָח֑⁠וֹ...צִוָּֽ⁠הוּ	0	he had sent him to say	The words he refers to Yahweh, and him refers to Moses. Alternative translation: “Yahweh sent Moses...Yahweh commanded Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
380	EXO	4	29	y8o3	writing-newevent	וַ⁠יֵּ֥לֶךְ	0		This begins a new event which you may need to mark in your translation with a transitional word like the UST’s When. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
381	EXO	4	30	bm2x	figs-metonymy	לְ⁠עֵינֵ֥י הָ⁠עָֽם	0	in the sight of the people	This means he did the signs so they could see them. Alternative translation: “in their sight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
382	EXO	4	30	x1v3	writing-participants	הָ⁠עָֽם	0		Context suggests that people refers to the leaders gathered in 4:29. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
383	EXO	4	31	8n78	writing-participants	הָ⁠עָ֑ם	0		Context suggests that people refers to the leaders gathered in 4:29. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
384	EXO	4	31	q1er		פָקַ֨ד...בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל	0	had observed the Israelites	“saw the Israelites” or “was concerned about the Israelites”
385	EXO	4	31	g83a	translate-symaction	וַֽ⁠יִּקְּד֖וּ וַ⁠יִּֽשְׁתַּחֲוּֽוּ	0	they bowed their heads	Alternative translations: “they bowed their heads in awe” or “they bowed down low in reverence.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
386	EXO	5	intro	kea2			0		Exodus 05 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter A slave’s work The Egyptians were known for making their slaves do a lot of work. They were forced to make a specific number of bricks every day. In this chapter, the were required to not only make these bricks, but also to gather the straw in order to make these bricks. Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter “Let my people go” This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. Titles The leaders are given different titles in this chapter. The ULT uses “taskmasters” and “foremen.” Many cultures will not have these types of titles. Generic expressions like “Egyptian leaders” and “Hebrew leaders” may be necessary.
387	EXO	5	1	q9kn			0	After these things happened	It is unclear how long Moses and Aaron waited until they went to see Pharoah.
388	EXO	5	1	u2vt			0	festival for me	This is a celebration to worship Yahweh.
389	EXO	5	2	cm2l	figs-rquestion		0	Who is Yahweh?	Pharaoh uses this question to show that he does not recognize Yahweh as a legitimate god. Alternate translation: “I do not know Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
390	EXO	5	2	v4c1	figs-rquestion		0	Why should I…let Israel go?	Pharaoh uses this question to state that he has no interest in obeying Yahweh or in letting the Israelites go to worship him. Alternate translation: “He is nothing to me and I will not let Israel go!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
391	EXO	5	2	c653	figs-metonymy		0	listen to his voice	The words “his voice” represent the words God spoke. Alternate translation: “listen to what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
392	EXO	5	3	y9ip			0	God of the Hebrews	This is a term also used for the Israelites’ God or Yahweh.
393	EXO	5	3	gfs5	figs-metonymy		0	or with the sword	Here “sword” represents war or an attack by enemies. Alternate translation: “or cause our enemies to attack us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
394	EXO	5	4	kl1i	figs-rquestion		0	why are you taking the people from their work?	Pharaoh uses this question to express his anger towards Moses and Aaron for taking the Israelites away from their work. Alternate translation: “stop distracting the people from doing their work!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
395	EXO	5	6	zd4m			0	taskmasters	Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. See how you translated this in Exodus 1:11.
396	EXO	5	7	p9nx	figs-you		0	you must no longer give	The word “you” in these verses is plural and refers to the taskmasters and foremen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
397	EXO	5	10	x4bi			0	taskmasters	Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. See how you translated this in Exodus 1:11.
398	EXO	5	10	gb4d	figs-you		0	I will no longer give you	The word “you” is plural and refers to the Israelite people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
399	EXO	5	11	xe4i	figs-you		0	you can find…your workload	The word “you” is plural and refers to the Israelite people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
400	EXO	5	11	w918	figs-rpronouns		0	You yourselves must go	Here “yourselves” emphasizes that the Egyptians will no longer help them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
401	EXO	5	11	g5vb			0	your workload will not be reduced	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “you must continue to make the same number of bricks as before”
402	EXO	5	12	s9dk	figs-hyperbole		0	throughout all the land of Egypt	This is an generalization used to show the extra effort Israel made to meet Pharaoh’s demands. Alternate translation: “to many places throughout Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
403	EXO	5	12	q7y7			0	stubble	the part of a plant that is left over after harvest
404	EXO	5	13	th6x			0	taskmasters	Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. See how you translated this in Exodus 1:11.
405	EXO	5	14	eq22	figs-rquestion		0	Why have you not produced all the bricks required of you…in the past?	The taskmasters used this question to show they were angry with the lack of bricks. Alternate translation: “You are not producing enough bricks, either yesterday or today, as you did in the past!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
406	EXO	5	15	emq7			0	cried out	“complained”
407	EXO	5	16	hsa6			0	they are still telling us, ‘Make bricks!’	Here “they” refers to the Egyptian taskmasters.
408	EXO	5	19	l9d2	figs-activepassive		0	when they were told	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when Pharaoh told them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
409	EXO	5	20	ve3z			0	palace	This is a very large house that a king lives in.
410	EXO	5	21	j3zp	figs-metaphor		0	you have made us offensive	The Egyptians responded to the Israelites the same way they would respond to a foul odor. Alternate translation: “you have caused them to hate us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
411	EXO	5	21	d592	figs-metonymy		0	have put a sword in their hand to kill us	Here “a sword” represents an opportunity to destroy enemies. Alternate translation: “have given them a reason to kill us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
412	EXO	5	22	g4d5	figs-rquestion		0	Lord, why have you caused trouble for this people?	This question shows how disappointed he was that the Egyptians were treating the Israelites even more harshly now. Alternate translation: “Lord, I am sorry that you have caused this trouble for this people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
413	EXO	5	22	w8t1	figs-rquestion		0	Why did you send me in the first place?	This question shows how disappointed Moses was that God had sent him to Egypt. Alternate translation: “I wish you had never sent me here!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
414	EXO	5	23	v2k2	figs-metonymy		0	to speak to him in your name	The word “name” here represents the message of God. Alternate translation: “to give him your message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
415	EXO	6	intro	we5k			0		Exodus 06 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Promised Land According to the covenant Yahweh made with Abraham, Egypt is not the home of the Hebrew people. It is the Promised Land in Canaan. The people are to return home to their land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Let my people go This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people.
416	EXO	6	1	ece6	figs-metonymy		0	my strong hand	The word “hand” here represents God’s actions or works. Alternate translation: “the power I show in my works” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
417	EXO	6	3	l81y			0	I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob	“I showed myself to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob”
418	EXO	6	3	m27p	figs-activepassive		0	I was not known to them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They did not know me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
419	EXO	6	5	l3yc			0	groaning	This means making sad sounds because of pain and suffering.
420	EXO	6	6	yv14			0	say to the Israelites	This is a command from Yahweh to Moses. “Yahweh told Moses to say to the Israelites”
421	EXO	6	8	g9ru			0	I swore	“I promised” or “I said I would”
422	EXO	6	12	k7hl	figs-rquestion		0	If the Israelites have not listened to me, why will Pharaoh listen to me, since I am not good at speaking?	Moses asked this question hoping God would change His mind about using Moses. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Since the Israelites did not listen to me, neither will Pharaoh, because I am not good at speaking!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
423	EXO	6	14	h195			0	the heads of their fathers’ houses	Here “heads” refers to the original ancestors of the clan. Alternate translation: “the ancestors of the clans”
424	EXO	6	14	wv89	translate-names		0	Hanok, Pallu, Hezron, and Karmi	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
425	EXO	6	15	c1ni	translate-names		0	Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jakin, Zohar, and Shaul	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
426	EXO	6	16	k64h	translate-names		0	Gershon…Merari	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
427	EXO	6	16	m36f	translate-numbers		0	137 years old	“one hundred and thirty-seven years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
428	EXO	6	18	alm8	translate-names		0	Amram…Uzziel	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
429	EXO	6	18	qu41	translate-numbers		0	133 years old	“one hundred and thirty-three years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
430	EXO	6	20	ti6q	translate-numbers		0	137 years	“one hundred and thirty-seven years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
431	EXO	6	21	f3yr	translate-names		0	Izhar…Korah…Zichri	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
432	EXO	6	22	n7cl	translate-names		0	Uzziel…Mishael…Sithri	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
433	EXO	6	23	n1xh	translate-names		0	Nadab…Ithamar	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
434	EXO	6	25	zvg2	translate-names		0	Phinehas	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
435	EXO	6	25	fck8	figs-metonymy		0	These were the heads of the fathers’ houses	The word “heads” here represents family leaders. Alternate translation: “These were the leaders of the families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
436	EXO	6	26	ft6y			0	by their groups of fighting men	“one tribe at a time” or “one family group after another”
437	EXO	6	30	nf3w	figs-rquestion		0	I am not good…why will Pharaoh listen to me?	Moses asks this question hoping to change God’s mind. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am not good…Pharaoh will certainly not listen to me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
438	EXO	7	intro	r9we			0		Exodus 07 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Miracles When Yahweh had Moses perform miracles, Pharaoh’s men were able to copy these miracles. It is unknown how they were able to do this, but since it was not from Yahweh, they were probably done under some evil power. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) Pharaoh’s hard heart Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh. Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Let my people go This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people.
439	EXO	7	1	dn1s			0	I have made you like a god	“I will cause Pharaoh to consider you as a god”
440	EXO	7	3	dhi5	figs-synecdoche		0	harden Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this in Exodus 4:21. Alternate translation: “will cause Pharaoh to be stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
441	EXO	7	3	vtt1	figs-doublet		0	many signs…many wonders	The words “signs” and “wonders” mean basically the same thing. God uses them to emphasize the greatness of what he will do in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
442	EXO	7	4	e2kv	figs-metonymy		0	put my hand on	The words “my hand” represent God’s great power. Alternate translation: “use my power against” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
443	EXO	7	5	npd6	figs-metonymy		0	reach out with my hand on	The words “my hand” represent God’s great power. Alternate translation: “show my powerful acts against” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
444	EXO	7	7	g7i5	figs-ellipsis		0	Aaron eighty-three years old	“Aaron was eighty-three years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
445	EXO	7	9	jt9z	figs-quotations		0	When Pharaoh says to you, ‘Do a miracle,’ then you will say to Aaron, ‘Take your staff and throw it down before Pharaoh, so that it may become a snake.’	This could be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “When Pharaoh tells you to do a miracle, then you will tell Aaron to take his staff and throw it down before Pharaoh, so that it may become a snake” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
446	EXO	7	12	u6np			0	swallowed up	“ate up” or “devoured”
447	EXO	7	13	g42f	figs-synecdoche		0	Pharaoh’s heart was hardened	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
448	EXO	7	14	d27r	figs-synecdoche		0	Pharaoh’s heart is hard	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this in Exodus 7:13. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh is stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
449	EXO	7	15	c5np	figs-explicit		0	when he goes out to the water	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “when he goes down to the Nile River to bathe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
450	EXO	7	16	yqp7			0	Say to him	“Say to Pharaoh”
451	EXO	7	17	j1ev			0	strike the water	“hit the water”
452	EXO	7	19	wxp2			0	throughout all	“in every part of”
453	EXO	7	20	zy18	figs-explicit		0	in the river	The name of the river may be made explicit. Alternate translation: “in the Nile River” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
454	EXO	7	22	qdc7	figs-synecdoche		0	Pharaoh’s heart was hardened	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this in Exodus 7:13. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
455	EXO	7	24	m6zn	figs-hyperbole		0	All the Egyptians	The word “all” here is a generalization that means “many.” Alternate translation: “Many of the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
456	EXO	8	intro	ww1y			0		Exodus 08 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Pharaoh’s hard heart Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh. Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Let my people go This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people.
457	EXO	8	3	e7jf	figs-explicit		0	The river	“the Nile River” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
458	EXO	8	3	ki53			0	kneading bowls	These are bowls in which bread is made.
459	EXO	8	8	mhn3			0	Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron	“Then Pharaoh sent for Moses and Aaron”
460	EXO	8	9	q3e4			0	You can have the privilege of telling me when I should pray for you	“You can choose when I will pray for you” or “You can choose the time I should pray for you”
461	EXO	8	15	lv2n	figs-idiom		0	he hardened his heart	“Pharaoh hardened his heart.” Here “hardened” means that he became stubborn. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
462	EXO	8	15	b47h			0	just as Yahweh had said that he would do	“just as Yahweh had said Pharaoh would do”
463	EXO	8	19	lk2k	figs-metonymy		0	This is the finger of God	The words “finger of God” represent the power of God. Alternate translation: “This is the powerful work of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
464	EXO	8	19	z1w2	figs-synecdoche		0	Pharaoh’s heart was hardened	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. See how you translated this in Exodus 7:13. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
465	EXO	8	20	j5n8			0	stand in front of Pharaoh	“present yourself to Pharaoh”
466	EXO	8	20	eqd2			0	Let my people go	“set my people free”
467	EXO	8	22	mv8w			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to Pharaoh through Moses.
468	EXO	8	24	nd6e	figs-activepassive		0	the land was ruined because of the swarms of flies	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the swarms of flies devastated the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
469	EXO	8	26	gy7d	figs-idiom		0	right before their eyes	This was a customary way of saying “in the presence of someone.” Alternate translation: “in their presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
470	EXO	8	26	i7dy	figs-rquestion		0	will they not stone us?	Moses asks this question to show Pharaoh the Egyptians would allow the Israelites to worship Yahweh. Alternate translation: “they will certainly stone us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
471	EXO	8	29	bf85	figs-doublenegatives		0	you must not deal deceitfully any more by not letting our people go	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “you must begin to deal truthfully with us and let our people go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
472	EXO	8	29	hh4q			0	But you must not deal deceitfully	“But you must not deceive us” or “But you must not lie to us”
473	EXO	8	32	sb5l	figs-synecdoche		0	Pharaoh hardened his heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. See how you translated this in Exodus 7:13. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
474	EXO	9	intro	hqw8			0		Exodus 09 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Pharaoh’s hard heart Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh. Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Let my people go This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people.
475	EXO	9	1	se3f			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues talking with Moses about dealing with Pharaoh and bringing the Hebrew people out of Egypt.
476	EXO	9	2	l7ld	figs-parallelism		0	if you refuse to let them go, if you still keep them back	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. They will emphasize to Pharaoh what will happen if Pharaoh does this. Alternate translation: “if you continue refusing to let them go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
477	EXO	9	3	ume2	figs-metonymy		0	then Yahweh’s hand will be on your cattle	The word “hand” here represents Yahweh’s power to afflict their animals with disease. Alternate translation: “then the power of Yahweh will afflict your cattle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
478	EXO	9	3	tn3z			0	on your cattle	The word “your” here refers to all the people of Egypt who owned cattle.
479	EXO	9	4	lp3t	figs-metonymy		0	Israel’s cattle	Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “the cattle belonging to the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
480	EXO	9	4	fs25	figs-metonymy		0	Egypt’s cattle	Here “Egypt” refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: “the cattle belonging to the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
481	EXO	9	5	vqz2			0	fixed a time	“set a time” or “appointed a time”
482	EXO	9	6	cx5i	figs-hyperbole		0	All the cattle of Egypt died	This is exaggerated to emphasize the seriousness of the event. There were still some animals alive that were afflicted by later plagues. However, it may be best to translate this with the word “All.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
483	EXO	9	6	gy7t	figs-metonymy		0	cattle of Egypt	Here “Egypt” refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: “the cattle belonging to the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
484	EXO	9	7	puk5			0	Pharaoh investigated	Pharaoh collected facts about the situation.
485	EXO	9	7	md84			0	behold	The word “behold” here shows that Pharaoh was surprised by what he saw.
486	EXO	9	7	j51j	figs-synecdoche		0	his heart was stubborn	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. Alternate translation: “he refused to change his mind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
487	EXO	9	8	brm6			0	kiln	a furnace
488	EXO	9	9	d2v3			0	fine	very small
489	EXO	9	9	eyc7			0	to break out on	“to quickly appear on”
490	EXO	9	12	p5m5	figs-synecdoche		0	Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated a similar phrase in Exodus 7:13. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused Pharaoh to became more defiant”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
491	EXO	9	14	n6wq	figs-rpronouns		0	on you yourself	This means that even Pharaoh will be hurt by the plagues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
492	EXO	9	14	hje3			0	I will do this so that you may know	The word “this” refers to the plagues that Moses had just told Pharaoh about.
493	EXO	9	15	a3l8	figs-metonymy		0	reached out with my hand and attacked you	Here “my hand” refers to God’s power. Alternate translation: “used my power to strike you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
494	EXO	9	16	nec7	figs-metonymy		0	so that my name may be proclaimed throughout all the earth	Here “my name” represents Yahweh’s reputation. Alternate translation: “so that people everywhere will know I am great” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
495	EXO	9	17	h3ed	figs-metaphor		0	lifting yourself up against my people	Pharaoh’s opposition to letting Israel go to worship Yahweh is spoken of as if he was raising himself up as a barrier to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
496	EXO	9	18	fnd2			0	Listen!	“Pay attention to the important thing I am about to tell you”
497	EXO	9	27	fu9c			0	to summon	“to call”
498	EXO	9	29	ajz3			0	Moses said to him	“Moses said to Pharaoh”
499	EXO	9	29	b787	translate-symaction		0	spread my hands out to Yahweh	This symbolic gesture accompanies prayer. Alternate translation: “lift up my hands and pray to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
500	EXO	9	30	tn94			0	honor Yahweh God	Honoring God involves obeying him and living in a way that shows how great he is.
501	EXO	9	31	p1v8			0	flax	This is a plant that produces fibers that can be made into linen cloth.
502	EXO	9	31	yu66			0	barley	This is a type of grain used for making bread; also used for cattle feed.
503	EXO	9	32	jmq3			0	spelt	This is a kind of wheat.
504	EXO	9	33	fa2j	translate-symaction		0	spread out his hands to Yahweh	This symbolic gesture accompanies prayer. See how you translated a similar phrase in Exodus 9:29. Alternate translation: “lifted up his hands toward Yahweh and prayed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
505	EXO	9	34	ke5k	figs-synecdoche		0	hardened his heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. Alternate translation: “became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
506	EXO	9	35	yxt8	figs-synecdoche		0	The heart of Pharaoh was hardened	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this in Exodus 7:13. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
507	EXO	10	intro	s5g1			0		Exodus 10 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Pharaoh’s hard heart Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh. Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Let my people go This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people.
508	EXO	10	1	w4pw	figs-metaphor		0	for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his servants	Yahweh speaks of making Pharaoh and his servants stubborn as if he were making their hearts hard. See how you translated “Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart” in Exodus 9:12. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
509	EXO	10	2	zg4c			0	various signs	“many different signs”
510	EXO	10	4	ge67	figs-imperative		0	listen	This word adds emphasis to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
511	EXO	10	5	zu5r			0	hail	Hail is raindrops that freeze while falling from the clouds.
512	EXO	10	6	ir5l	figs-activepassive		0	nothing ever seen	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “nothing anyone has ever seen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
513	EXO	10	7	uf8c			0	menace	A “menace” is someone who brings trouble or harm.
514	EXO	10	7	xn8j	figs-rquestion		0	How long will this man be a menace to us?	Pharaoh’s servants ask this question to show Pharaoh the extent of destruction in Egypt. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “We cannot allow this man to continue to bring trouble to us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
515	EXO	10	7	xdm5	figs-rquestion		0	Do you not yet realize that Egypt is destroyed?	Pharaoh’s servants ask this question to bring Pharaoh to recognize what he refuses to see. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should realize that Egypt is destroyed!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
516	EXO	10	7	c6pr	figs-activepassive		0	that Egypt is destroyed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that these plagues have destroyed Egypt” or “that their God has destroyed Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
517	EXO	10	10	hjc9	figs-hypo		0	if I ever let you go and your little ones go	Pharaoh says this to emphasize that he would not let Moses take the children with them to worship Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
518	EXO	10	11	pkm4	figs-activepassive		0	Then Moses and Aaron were driven out from Pharaoh’s presence	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Then Pharaoh drove Moses and Aaron out from his presence” or “Then Pharaoh had his servants drive Moses and Aaron out from his presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
519	EXO	10	15	b3h5	figs-activepassive		0	so that it was darkened	There were so many locusts that the land appeared to be dark. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that they darkened the land” or “so that the land appeared dark” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
520	EXO	10	17	kd6d			0	this time	“once again”
521	EXO	10	17	nn2b	figs-metonymy		0	take this death away from me	The word “death” here refers to the destruction by the locusts of all plants in Egypt, which would eventually lead to the deaths of people because there were no crops. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “stop this destruction that will lead to our deaths” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
522	EXO	10	19	mdp5			0	picked up the locusts	“moved the locusts upwards”
523	EXO	10	20	dw1d	figs-synecdoche		0	Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this phrase in Exodus 9:12. Alternate translation: “caused Pharaoh to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
524	EXO	10	21	m38s	figs-metaphor		0	darkness that may be felt	Yahweh speaks of extreme darkness as if it is so thick that people can grasp it in their hands. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “dense darkness that people can grasp with their hands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
525	EXO	10	26	v9uc	figs-synecdoche		0	not a hoof of them may be left behind	Here the word “hoof” refers to the entire animal. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we cannot leave behind a single animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
526	EXO	10	27	n588	figs-synecdoche		0	Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this phrase in Exodus 9:12. Alternate translation: “caused Pharaoh to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
527	EXO	10	27	mv8t			0	he would not let them go	“Pharaoh would not let them go”
528	EXO	10	28	lcz2			0	Be careful about one thing	“Make sure of one thing” or “Be certain of one thing”
529	EXO	10	28	te45	figs-synecdoche		0	you see my face	Here the word “face” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “you see me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
530	EXO	10	29	h1jf	figs-idiom		0	You yourself have spoken	With these words, Moses emphasizes that Pharaoh has spoken the truth. Alternate translation: “What you have said is true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
531	EXO	11	intro	pu3u			0		Exodus 11 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Pharaoh’s hard heart Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh. Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Let my people go In the previous chapters, Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he demanded that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. In this chapter, the same wording is used to refer to Pharaoh “allowing” the Hebrew people to leave Egypt.
532	EXO	11	1	i87h	figs-you		0	he will let you go from here	Each occurrence of the word “you” in this verse is plural and refers to Moses and the rest of the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
533	EXO	11	4	kpb5			0	midnight	This is the time of 12 am (at night) or 2400 hours.
534	EXO	11	5	hv8k			0	All the firstborn…the firstborn of Pharaoh…the firstborn of the slave girl…the firstborn of the cattle	The “firstborn” always refers to the oldest male offspring.
535	EXO	11	5	k42h			0	who sits on his throne	This phrase refers to Pharaoh.
536	EXO	11	5	hr1x			0	who is behind the handmill grinding it	“who is grinding at the handmill” or “who is behind the handmill grinding grain”
537	EXO	11	8	ria5	figs-explicit		0	After that I will go out	This means that Moses and the people of Israel will leave Egypt. Alternate translation: “After that I will leave here” or “After that I will go out from Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
538	EXO	11	10	um4u	figs-synecdoche		0	Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this phrase in Exodus 9:12. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused Pharaoh to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
539	EXO	12	intro	fd2f			0		Exodus 12 General Notes Structure and formatting The events of this chapter are known as the Passover. They are remembered in the celebration of Passover. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]]) Special concepts in this chapter Unleavened bread The concept of unleavened bread is introduced in this chapter. Its significance stems from its connection to the events in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/unleavenedbread]]) Ethnic segregation The Hebrew people were to be separate from the rest of the world. Because of this, they separated themselves from other people groups. At this time, these foreigners were looked upon as unholy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
540	EXO	12	2	z785	figs-parallelism		0	For you, this month will be the start of months, the first month of the year to you	These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the month in which the events of this chapter take place will be the beginning of their calendar year. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
541	EXO	12	2	uy4w	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the first month of the year	The first month of the Hebrew calendar includes the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. It marks when Yahweh rescued the Israelites from the Egyptians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
542	EXO	12	4	xzn3	figs-explicit		0	If the household is too small for a lamb	This means that there are not enough people in the family to eat an entire lamb. Alternate translation: “If there are not enough people in the household to eat an entire lamb” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
543	EXO	12	4	fu2g			0	the man and his next door neighbor	Here “the man” refers to the man who is the leader of the household.
544	EXO	12	6	lz76			0	twilight	This refers to the time of evening after the sun has set but while there is still some light.
545	EXO	12	7	cjt7			0	on the two side doorposts and on the tops of the doorframes of the houses	“on the sides and top of the way into the house”
546	EXO	12	8	jtn8	figs-activepassive		0	Eat it with bread made without yeast	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Eat it with bread which you have made without yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
547	EXO	12	8	uxn6			0	bitter herbs	These are small plants that have a strong and usually bad taste.
548	EXO	12	9	ny3a			0	Do not eat it raw	“Do not eat the lamb or goat uncooked”
549	EXO	12	10	ghk6	figs-activepassive		0	You must not let any of it be left over until morning	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Do not leave any of it until the morning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
550	EXO	12	11	ks7d			0	belt	This refers to a strip of leather or fabric for tying around the waist.
551	EXO	12	11	nzw2			0	eat it hurriedly	“eat it quickly”
552	EXO	12	11	r789	figs-explicit		0	It is Yahweh’s Passover	Here the word “it” refers to eating the animal on the tenth day of the month. Alternate translation: “This observance is Yahweh’s Passover” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
553	EXO	12	12	sa5n	figs-abstractnouns		0	I will bring punishment on all the gods of Egypt	This can be stated with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “I will punish all the gods of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
554	EXO	12	13	bxm9	figs-explicit		0	for my coming to you	This implies that Yahweh will see the blood which indicates an Israelite home. Alternate translation: “that I will see when I come to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
555	EXO	12	13	zt5d	figs-idiom		0	I will pass over you	The words “pass over” were a customary way of saying to not visit or enter. Alternate translation: “I will not enter your house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
556	EXO	12	15	i9n3	figs-metaphor		0	that person must be cut off from Israel	The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: (1) “the people of Israel must send him away” or (2) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” or (3) “the people of Israel must kill him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
557	EXO	12	16	bzj6	figs-activepassive		0	an assembly that is set apart to me	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “an assembly that you have set apart to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
558	EXO	12	16	l7pj	figs-activepassive		0	No work will be done on these days	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You will do no work on these days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
559	EXO	12	16	qr65	figs-activepassive		0	That must be the only work that may be done by you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “That must be the only work that you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
560	EXO	12	17	r3qj			0	armed group by armed group	The term used for these groups is a military term referring to a large number of soldiers. Alternate translation: “division by division” or “regiment by regiment”
561	EXO	12	18	x8m9			0	twilight	This refers to the time of evening after the sun has set but while there is still some light. See how you translated this in Exodus 12:6.
562	EXO	12	18	m475	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the fourteenth day in the first month	This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The fourteenth day is near the beginning of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
563	EXO	12	18	uss3	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the twenty-first day of the month	“the twenty-first day of the first month.” This is near the middle of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
564	EXO	12	19	aej1	figs-activepassive		0	no yeast must be found in your houses	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “there must not be any yeast in your houses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
565	EXO	12	19	vy72	figs-metaphor		0	must be cut off from the community of Israel	The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: (1) “the people of Israel must send him away” or (2) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” or (3) “the people of Israel must kill him.” See how you translated “must be cut off from Israel” in Exodus 12:15. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
566	EXO	12	20	t17e	figs-activepassive		0	bread made without yeast	This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in Exodus 12:8. Alternate translation: “bread which you have made without yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
567	EXO	12	21	y9qt			0	summoned	officially called
568	EXO	12	22	qwv1			0	hyssop	a woody plant with small leaves that can be used for sprinkling liquids
569	EXO	12	22	c1cf			0	the top of the doorframe and the two doorposts	“on the sides and top of the way into the house.” See how you translated a similar phrase in Exodus 12:7.
570	EXO	12	23	uu61	figs-synecdoche		0	pass over your door	Here the word “door” implies the entire house. This means that God will spare the Israelites in houses with blood on the doors. Alternate translation: “pass over your house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
571	EXO	12	24	v7z5			0	this event	These words refer to the Passover or Festival of Unleavened Bread. Observing the Passover was an act of worshiping Yahweh.
572	EXO	12	25	l8ls			0	this act of worship	These words refer to the Passover or Festival of Unleavened Bread. Observing the Passover was an act of worshiping Yahweh.
573	EXO	12	27	t779	figs-explicit		0	He set our households free	This means that Yahweh spared the Israelites’ firstborn sons. Alternate translation: “He did not kill the firstborn sons in our houses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
574	EXO	12	28	r5cj			0	as Yahweh had commanded Moses and Aaron	“everything that Yahweh told Moses and Aaron to do”
575	EXO	12	29	zm1l			0	at midnight	“in the middle of the night”
576	EXO	12	29	uj6u			0	all the firstborn in the land of Egypt…all the firstborn of cattle	Here, “firstborn” always refers to the oldest male offspring. See how you translated a similar phrase in Exodus 11:5.
577	EXO	12	29	il1d			0	who sat on his throne	This refers to Pharaoh.
578	EXO	12	29	g9z1			0	the firstborn of the person in prison	“to the firstborn of people in prison.” This refers to prisoners, in general, and not to a specific person in prison.
579	EXO	12	30	cfj8	figs-abstractnouns		0	There was loud lamenting in Egypt	This can be stated with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “All the Egyptians cried loudly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
580	EXO	12	30	gt4w	figs-doublenegatives		0	for there was not a house where there was not someone dead	This double negative emphasizes the positive. Alternate translation: “because someone was dead in every house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
581	EXO	12	33	j5u4	figs-explicit		0	We will all die	The Egyptians were afraid that they would die if the Israelites did not leave Egypt. Alternate translation: “We will all die if you do not leave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
582	EXO	12	34	diw8	figs-activepassive		0	Their kneading bowls were already tied up in their clothes and on their shoulders	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They had already tied up their kneading bowls in their clothes and on their shoulders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
583	EXO	12	37	n1ha			0	Rameses	Rameses was a major Egyptian city where grain was stored. See how you translated this in Exodus 1:11.
584	EXO	12	37	u81l	translate-numbers		0	They numbered about 600,000 men	“They numbered about six hundred thousand men.” The total number of men was about 600,000. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
585	EXO	12	39	x96c			0	bread without yeast in the dough	“bread with dough that did not contain yeast”
586	EXO	12	39	pva6	figs-activepassive		0	they had been driven out of Egypt	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Egyptians had driven them out of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
587	EXO	12	40	qsi5	translate-numbers		0	430 years	“four hundred and thirty years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
588	EXO	12	41	d8yh	translate-numbers		0	430 years	“four hundred and thirty years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
589	EXO	12	41	xlf4			0	Yahweh’s armed groups	This refers to the tribes of Israel. See how you translated “armed group” in Exodus 12:17.
590	EXO	12	42	f3m6	figs-activepassive		0	to be observed by all the Israelites	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that all the Israelites were to observe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
591	EXO	12	42	w6mj			0	all the Israelites throughout their people’s generations	“all the Israelites and the all the generations of their descendants”
592	EXO	12	43	pby5			0	No foreigner may share in eating it	The pronoun “it” refers to the Passover meal.
593	EXO	12	44	n9wn			0	every Israelite’s slave	“any slave of an Israelite”
594	EXO	12	44	xat2	figs-activepassive		0	bought with money	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom the Israelite has bought with money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
595	EXO	12	46	j242	figs-activepassive		0	The food must be eaten in one house	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Each Israelite family must eat the food in one house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
596	EXO	12	46	ycd9			0	you must not break any bone of it	“you must not break any of its bones.” Here the word “it” refers to the lamb which the Israelite family will eat.
597	EXO	12	48	h7k9	figs-activepassive		0	all his male relatives must be circumcised	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone must circumcise all his male relatives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
598	EXO	12	48	hi4z	figs-idiom		0	the people who were born in the land	Here the word “land” refers to Canaan. The expression “born in the land” means a person who is a native Israelite. Alternate translation: “those who are Israelites by birth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
599	EXO	12	48	f9ti	figs-doublenegatives		0	no uncircumcised person may eat	This can be stated in positive terms. Alternate translation: “only circumcised people may eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
600	EXO	12	50	agw6			0	as Yahweh had commanded Moses and Aaron	“everything that Yahweh told Moses and Aaron to do”
601	EXO	12	51	e3z3			0	It came about	This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
602	EXO	12	51	tyj3			0	by their armed groups	The term used for these groups is a military term referring to a large number of soldiers. See how you translated “armed group” in Exodus 12:17. Alternate translation: “by their divisions” or “by their regiments”
603	EXO	13	intro	g9qi			0		Exodus 13 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter records the instructions for the celebration of Passover. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]]) Special concepts in this chapter Law The law mentioned here is not the law of Moses because it has not yet been revealed. Instead, it is a more generic “rule.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Let my people go This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. When this chapter states that Pharaoh let the people go, it indicates that he gave them permission to leave.
604	EXO	13	2	de3u			0	Set apart to me…every firstborn male	God requires that every firstborn male child be set apart for him.
605	EXO	13	3	nwq6	figs-idiom		0	Call this day to mind	The words “Call…to mind” were a customary way of telling someone to remember something. Alternate translation: “Remember and celebrate this day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
606	EXO	13	3	en1s	figs-metaphor		0	the house of slavery	Moses speaks of Egypt as if it were a house where people keep slaves. Alternate translation: “the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
607	EXO	13	3	yjy5	figs-metonymy		0	Yahweh’s strong hand	Here the word “hand” refers to power. See how you translated “strong hand” in Exodus 6:1. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
608	EXO	13	3	c6ee	figs-activepassive		0	No bread with yeast may be eaten	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not eat bread with yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
609	EXO	13	4	y1f3	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the month of Aviv	This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Aviv is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
610	EXO	13	5	x89s			0	you must observe this act of worship	When the Israelites live in Canaan, they must celebrate the Passover on this day each year. See how you translated this phrase in Exodus 12:25.
611	EXO	13	6	tf79			0	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
612	EXO	13	6	vwy9	translate-numbers		0	For seven days	“For 7 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
613	EXO	13	7	n41m	figs-activepassive		0	Bread without yeast must be eaten	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must eat bread without yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
614	EXO	13	7	le33	figs-activepassive		0	no bread with yeast may be seen among you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You may not have any bread with yeast among you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
615	EXO	13	7	c9kr	figs-activepassive		0	No yeast may be seen with you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You may not have any yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
616	EXO	13	7	dmv1			0	within any of your borders	“inside any of the borders of your land”
617	EXO	13	8	qum9	figs-quotations		0	On that day you are to say to your children, ‘This is because of what Yahweh did for me when I came out of Egypt.’	The quotation can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “On that day you are to tell your children that this is because of what Yahweh did for you when you came out of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
618	EXO	13	9	p21h	figs-parallelism		0	This will be a reminder for you on your hand, and a reminder on your forehead	These are two different types of physical reminders so people will not forget something important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
619	EXO	13	9	s7zg	figs-metaphor		0	a reminder for you on your hand	Moses speaks of celebrating the festival as if it were tying an object around their hands to remind them of what Yahweh had done. Alternate translation: “like something you tie around your hand as a reminder” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
620	EXO	13	9	mru4	figs-metaphor		0	a reminder on your forehead	Moses speaks of celebrating the festival as if it were tying an object around their foreheads to remind them of what Yahweh had done. Alternate translation: “like something you tie around your head as a reminder” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
621	EXO	13	9	b6ny	figs-metonymy		0	so the law of Yahweh may be in your mouth	The words “in your mouth” here refers to the words that they speak. Alternate translation: “so you may always be speaking of the law of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
622	EXO	13	9	w5rm	figs-metonymy		0	strong hand	The word “hand” here represents God’s actions or works. See how you translated this in Exodus 6:1. Alternate translation: “the power I show in my works” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
623	EXO	13	11	iqh5			0	when he gives the land to you	“when he gives the land of the Canaanites to you”
624	EXO	13	13	lwv5			0	Every firstborn of a donkey	Israel is given a choice to kill the firstborn donkey or buy it back with a lamb.
625	EXO	13	14	s8cm	figs-quotations		0	When your son asks you later, ‘What does this mean?’ then you are to tell him	The first quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “When your son asks you later what this means, then you are to tell him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
626	EXO	13	14	qr7q	figs-metonymy		0	strong hand	The word “hand” here represents God’s actions or works. See how you translated this in Exodus 6:1. Alternate translation: “the power I show in my works” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
627	EXO	13	14	rcz7	figs-metaphor		0	the house of slavery	Moses speaks of Egypt as if it were a house where people keep slaves. See how you translated this in Exodus 13:3. Alternate translation: “the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
628	EXO	13	16	bse4	figs-parallelism		0	become a reminder on your hands, and a reminder on your forehead	This expresses two ways to remember the importance of the passover event. See how you translated a similar phrase in Exodus 13:9. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
629	EXO	13	17	c3c2			0	was nearby	“was close to where they were located”
630	EXO	13	17	mzi7			0	the people will change their minds…and…return to Egypt	Since Israelites had lived in slavery all their lives, they were more accustomed to peace than to war and would rather return to slavery than fight.
631	EXO	13	20	xq5d	translate-names		0	camped at Etham	Etham is located south of the route heading towards the Philistines, at the border of the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
632	EXO	13	21	jnv8			0	pillar of cloud…pillar of fire	“a cloud in the shape of a column…fire in the shape of a column.” God is with them in a cloud by day and in a fire by night.
633	EXO	14	intro	jq4u			0		Exodus 14 General Notes Structure and formatting This is an important event in the history of Israel, known as the “parting of the Sea of Reeds.” Special concepts in this chapter Pharaoh’s hard heart Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh. Pharaoh’s chariots These chariots were a fighting force. Pharaoh took an army to kill the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical Questions The Israelites asked a few rhetorical questions of Moses. These questions were not really directed at Moses, but at Yahweh. This showed their lack of faith in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])
634	EXO	14	2	mb4e	translate-names		0	Pi Hahiroth…Migdol…Baal Zephon	These are towns on Egypt’s eastern border. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
635	EXO	14	2	c9r8	figs-you		0	You are to camp	Here the word “You” is plural and refers to Moses and the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
636	EXO	14	3	c81b	figs-quotations		0	Pharaoh will say about the Israelites, ‘They are wandering in the land. The wilderness has closed in on them.’	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh will say the Israelites are wandering in the land and the wilderness has closed in on them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
637	EXO	14	3	tz6j	figs-personification		0	The wilderness has closed in on them	Pharaoh speaks of the wilderness as a person who has trapped the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
638	EXO	14	4	mm7j			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to instruct Moses on where to go and what Yahweh will do.
639	EXO	14	4	dv62	figs-synecdoche		0	I will harden Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to the Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated a similar phrase in Exodus 9:12. Alternate translation: “I will cause Pharaoh to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
640	EXO	14	4	tw2m			0	he will pursue them	“Pharaoh will pursue the Israelites”
641	EXO	14	4	d5x1			0	I will get honor	“People will honor me”
642	EXO	14	4	ejn5			0	The Egyptians will know that I am Yahweh	“The Egyptians will understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God”
643	EXO	14	4	dms1	figs-activepassive		0	So the Israelites camped as they were instructed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So the Israelites camped as Yahweh had instructed them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
644	EXO	14	5	t4cn	figs-activepassive		0	When the king of Egypt was told	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When someone told the king of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
645	EXO	14	5	nh6d			0	the king of Egypt	This refers to Pharaoh.
646	EXO	14	5	it5s			0	had fled	“had run away”
647	EXO	14	5	k67b	figs-metonymy		0	the minds of Pharaoh and his servants turned against the people	Here the word “minds” refers to their attitudes towards the Israelites. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh and his servants changed their attitudes about the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
648	EXO	14	5	v236	figs-rquestion		0	What have we done? We have released Israel from serving us.	They asked this question to show they thought they had done a foolish thing. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “We have done a stupid thing by letting Israel go free from working for us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
649	EXO	14	7	ry11	translate-numbers		0	He took six hundred chosen chariots	“He took 600 of his best chariots” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
650	EXO	14	8	a1r1	figs-synecdoche		0	Yahweh hardened the heart of Pharaoh	Here “heart” refers to the Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated a similar phrase in Exodus 9:12. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused Pharaoh to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
651	EXO	14	9	sb7x	translate-names		0	Pi Hahiroth…Baal Zephon	These are towns on Egypt’s eastern border. See how you translated them in Exodus 14:2. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
652	EXO	14	10	s1xa	figs-synecdoche		0	When Pharaoh came close	The word “Pharaoh” here represents the entire Egyptian army. Alternate translation: “When Pharaoh and his army came close” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
653	EXO	14	10	qcy1			0	they were terrified	“the Israelites were terrified”
654	EXO	14	11	vzw5	figs-rquestion		0	Is it because there were no graves in Egypt, that you have taken us away to die in the wilderness?	The Israelites ask this question to express their frustration and fear of dying. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “There were plenty of graveyards in Egypt for us to be buried in. You did not have to take us into the wilderness to die!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
655	EXO	14	11	x4n2	figs-rquestion		0	Why have you treated us like this, bringing us out of Egypt?	The Israelites ask this question to rebuke Moses for bringing them to the desert to die. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have treated us like this by bringing us out of Egypt!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
656	EXO	14	12	itb2	figs-rquestion		0	Is this not what we told you in Egypt?	The Israelites ask this question to emphasize that this is what they had told Moses. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “This is exactly what we told you while we were in Egypt.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
657	EXO	14	12	ix25	figs-quotations		0	We said to you, ‘Leave us alone, so we can work for the Egyptians.’	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “We told you to leave us alone, so we could work for the Egyptians.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
658	EXO	14	13	lat4			0	Moses said to the people	Moses responds to the Israelites’ fears.
659	EXO	14	13	rrd4	figs-you		0	provide for you	The pronoun “you” refers to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
660	EXO	14	13	h5n4	figs-euphemism		0	For you will never see again the Egyptians	Moses used a polite way of saying God was going to destroy the Egyptian army. Alternate translation: “For God will kill the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
661	EXO	14	15	a727	figs-rquestion		0	Why are you, Moses, continuing to call out to me?	Moses apparently had been praying to God for help so God uses this question to compel Moses to act. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Do not call out to me any longer, Moses.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
662	EXO	14	16	t3e4			0	divide it in two	“divide the sea into two parts”
663	EXO	14	17	z5ub			0	Be aware	“Know”
664	EXO	14	17	qd3l	figs-synecdoche		0	I will harden the Egyptians’ hearts	Here “hearts” refers to the Egyptians themselves. Their stubborn attitude is spoken of as if their hearts were hard. See how you translated a similar phrase in Exodus 9:12. Alternate translation: “I will cause the Egyptians to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
665	EXO	14	17	asz9			0	so they will go after them	“so that the Egyptians will go into the sea after the Israelites”
666	EXO	14	20	wgr4			0	the camp of Egypt and the camp of Israel	“the Egyptian army and the Israelite people”
667	EXO	14	20	c4u5			0	so one side did not come near the other	This means that the Egyptians and the Israelites could not approach one another.
668	EXO	14	21	dfx5			0	east wind	An east wind originates in the east and blows towards the west.
669	EXO	14	21	hqx7			0	east	where the sun rises
670	EXO	14	21	f9zh	figs-activepassive		0	the waters were divided	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh divided the waters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
671	EXO	14	22	fky6			0	on their right hand and on their left	“on each side of them” or “on both sides of them”
672	EXO	14	24	iz9t			0	He caused panic among the Egyptians	Panic is when someone becomes so afraid that they cannot think normally.
673	EXO	14	25	qdp8	figs-activepassive		0	Their chariot wheels were clogged	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Mud clogged their chariot wheels” or “Their chariot wheels were getting stuck in the mud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
674	EXO	14	26	p5ds			0	Yahweh said to Moses, “Reach out with your hand…and their horsemen.”	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Yahweh told Moses to reach out with his hand over the sea so that the waters would come back onto the Egyptians, their chariots, and their horsemen.”
675	EXO	14	26	w59j			0	come back onto	“fall on”
676	EXO	14	27	wn3q			0	The Egyptians fled into the sea	Since the sea was closing in on top of the Egyptians, instead of escaping, they were actually running right into the water.
677	EXO	14	27	h64r			0	Yahweh drove the Egyptians	“Yahweh pushed the Egyptians” or “Yahweh threw the Egyptians”
678	EXO	14	30	e2lf	figs-metonymy		0	out of the hand of the Egyptians	Here the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “from the Egyptians’ power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
679	EXO	14	30	p5zw			0	on the seashore	“on the land along the edge of the sea”
680	EXO	15	intro	ni4b			0		Exodus 15 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic songs in 15:1-18 and 15:21. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]]) Special concepts in this chapter Yahweh’s laws In this chapter, Moses talks about Yahweh’s laws. The law of Moses is about to be introduced. Although it has not yet been formally introduced, this is what is being referenced in this chapter in anticipation of the revelation of the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])
681	EXO	15	1	f5zr			0	General Information:	This is a song about the events that happened in Exodus 14:26-28.
682	EXO	15	1	kw29	figs-explicit		0	he has triumphed gloriously	It can be stated explicitly over whom Yahweh triumphed. Alternate translation: “he has achieved a glorious victory over the army of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
683	EXO	15	1	f6ue	figs-metaphor		0	the horse and its rider he has thrown into the sea	Moses sang about God causing the sea to cover and drown the horse and rider as if God had thrown them into the sea. Alternate translation: “he has made the sea cover over the horse and rider” or “he has made the horse and rider drown in the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
684	EXO	15	1	cr5u	figs-genericnoun		0	the horse and its rider	This refers to all or many of the Egyptian horses and riders that were chasing the Israelites. Alternate translation: “the horses and their riders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
685	EXO	15	1	ex3p			0	rider	This is a person who sits on a horse or travels in a chariot that a horse is pulling.
686	EXO	15	2	pb23	figs-metonymy		0	Yahweh is my strength	Possible meanings are (1) “Yahweh is the one who gives me strength” or (2) “Yahweh is the strong one who protects me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
687	EXO	15	2	vk6l	figs-metonymy		0	song	Moses calls Yahweh his song because Yahweh is the one he sings about. Alternate translation: “the one I sing about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
688	EXO	15	2	kbv7	figs-metonymy		0	he has become my salvation	Moses calls God his salvation because God saved him. Alternate translation: “he has saved me” or “he is the one who saves me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
689	EXO	15	3	p1d5	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh is a warrior	Moses calls God a warrior because God powerfully fought against the Egyptians and won. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is like a warrior” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
690	EXO	15	4	p8w6	figs-metaphor		0	He has thrown Pharaoh’s chariots and army into the sea	Moses sings about God causing the sea to cover Pharaohs chariots and army as if God had thrown them into the sea. Alternate translation: “he has made the sea cover over Pharaoh’s chariots and army” or “He has made Pharaoh’s chariot riders and army drown in the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
691	EXO	15	5	nqe4	figs-simile		0	they went down into the depths like a stone	Just as a stone does not float but sinks to the bottom of the sea, the enemy soldiers sank to the bottom of the sea. Alternate translation: “they went down into the deep water like a stone sinking to the bottom of the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
692	EXO	15	6	x1fz	figs-metonymy		0	Your right hand, Yahweh, is glorious in power	Moses speaks of God as if God had hands. The right hand refers to God’s power or the things God does powerfully. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, your power is glorious” or “Yahweh, what you do is glorious in power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
693	EXO	15	6	p1u6	figs-metonymy		0	your right hand, Yahweh, has shattered the enemy	Moses speaks of God as if God had hands. The right hand refers to God’s power. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, your power has shattered the enemy” or “Yahweh, by your power you have shattered the enemy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
694	EXO	15	6	rmd4	figs-metaphor		0	has shattered the enemy	Moses speaks of the enemy as if it were fragile and could be shattered like glass or pottery. Alternate translation: “has completely destroyed the enemy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
695	EXO	15	7	nd3t	figs-metaphor		0	those who rose up against you	Rebelling against God is spoken of as rising up against him. Alternate translation: “those who rebelled against you” or “your enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
696	EXO	15	7	glq7	figs-personification		0	You sent out your wrath	Moses speaks of God’s wrath as if it were a servant that God sent out to do something. Alternate translation: “You showed your wrath” or “You acted according to your wrath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
697	EXO	15	7	a5x7	figs-metaphor		0	it consumed them like stubble	Moses speaks of God’s wrath as if it were fire that could completely burn up things. His enemies were completely destroyed like stubble in a fire. Alternate translation: “it completely destroyed your enemies like a fire that burns up straw” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
698	EXO	15	8	ic8v	figs-personification		0	By the blast of your nostrils	Moses speaks of God as if God had a nose, and he speaks of the wind as if God blew the wind from his nose. Alternate translation: “You blew on the sea and” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
699	EXO	15	9	d8nk	figs-activepassive		0	my desire will be satisfied on them	This can be expressed with an active form. Alternate translation: “I will satisfy my desire on them” or “I will take all I want from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
700	EXO	15	9	sm77	figs-metonymy		0	my hand will destroy them	The enemies speak of destroying the Israelites by the power of their hands as if it were their hands that would destroy them. Alternate translation: “I will destroy them with my hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
701	EXO	15	10	yrj5	figs-metaphor		0	But you blew with your wind	Moses spoke about God making the wind blow as if God blew the wind through his nose or mouth. Alternate translation: “But you made the wind blow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
702	EXO	15	10	f7d3	figs-simile		0	sank like lead in the mighty waters	Lead is a heavy metal that is commonly used to make things sink in water. The word “lead” here is used to show how fast God’s enemies were destroyed. Alternate translation: “sank as fast as lead in the deep turbulent waters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
703	EXO	15	11	wq2s	figs-rquestion		0	Who is like you, Yahweh, among the gods?	Moses uses this question to show how great God is. Alternate translation: “O Yahweh, no one is like you among the gods!” or “Yahweh, none of the gods is like you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
704	EXO	15	11	pp57	figs-rquestion		0	Who is like you,…doing miracles?	Moses uses this question to show how great God is. Alternate translation: No one is like you. No one is majestic in holiness as you are, no one is honored in praises as you are, and no one does miracles as you do!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
705	EXO	15	12	cid8	figs-metonymy		0	with your right hand	The phrase “right hand” represents the strong power of God. Alternate translation: “with your strong power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
706	EXO	15	12	bkg2	figs-metaphor		0	You reached out with your right hand	Moses speaks about God causing something to happen as if God reached out with his hand. Alternate translation: “With your strong power you made it happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
707	EXO	15	12	g7bv	figs-personification		0	the earth swallowed them	Moses personifies the earth as if it could swallow or devour with it’s mouth. Alternate translation: “the earth devoured them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
708	EXO	15	14	zi1m			0	tremble	This means to shake because you are afraid.
709	EXO	15	14	uqf7	figs-personification		0	terror will seize the inhabitants of Philistia	Moses speaks of terror as if it were a person that could forcefully grab hold of someone and make them extremely afraid. Alternate translation: “the inhabitants of Philistia will be afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
710	EXO	15	15	ya48	figs-metaphor		0	will melt away	Moses speaks of people becoming weak from their fear as melting away. Alternate translation: “will be weak from fear” or “will be afraid and faint” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
711	EXO	15	16	m1kt			0	Connecting Statement:	Moses continues to sing about how the people of other nations will feel when they see God’s people.
712	EXO	15	16	nk67	figs-doublet		0	Terror and dread will fall on them	These two words mean that fear will come upon them. Alternate translation: “Fear will come upon them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
713	EXO	15	16	fc8v			0	dread	Dread is extreme fear or anxiety about something that is going to happen or might happen.
714	EXO	15	16	t2yp	figs-metonymy		0	Because of your arm’s power	God’s arm represents his great strength. Alternate translation: “Because of your great strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
715	EXO	15	16	umm7	figs-simile		0	they will become as still as a stone	Possible meanings are (1) “They will be silent like stone” or (2) “They will be motionless as stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
716	EXO	15	17	n5i5	figs-explicit		0	You will bring them	Where God would bring them can be stated clearly. Since Moses was not already in Canaan, some languages would use “take” rather than “bring.” Alternate translation: “You will take your people to Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
717	EXO	15	17	t6wg	figs-metaphor		0	plant them on the mountain	Moses speaks about God giving his people the land to live in as if they were a tree that God was planting. Alternate translation: “settle them on the mountain” or “let them live on the mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
718	EXO	15	17	p7kb			0	the mountain of your inheritance	This refers to Mount Zion in the land of Canaan.
719	EXO	15	17	ie26	figs-metaphor		0	of your inheritance	Moses speaks about God promising to give his people the mountain forever as if he were giving it to them as an inheritance. Alternate translation: “that you have given them as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
720	EXO	15	17	ytz3	figs-metonymy		0	that your hands have built	The phrase “your hands” refers to God’s power. Alternate translation: “that you have built by your power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
721	EXO	15	20	g7s6	translate-names		0	Miriam…Aaron	Miriam was the older sister of Moses and Aaron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
722	EXO	15	20	gam2	translate-unknown		0	tambourine	This is a musical instrument like a small drum that also has pieces of metal around the side that make a sound when shaken. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
723	EXO	15	21	f6m3	figs-explicit		0	he has triumphed gloriously	It can be stated explicitly over whom Yahweh triumphed. See how you translated this in Exodus 15:1. Alternate translation: “he has achieved a glorious victory over the army of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
724	EXO	15	21	hvu1	figs-metaphor		0	The horse and his rider he has thrown into the sea	Miriam sang about God causing the sea to cover and drown the horse and rider as if God had thrown them into the sea. See how you translated this in Exodus 15:1. Alternate translation: “He has made the horse and rider drown in the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
725	EXO	15	22	iw9n	figs-metonymy		0	Moses led Israel	The word “Israel” represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Moses led the Israelite people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
726	EXO	15	22	c7pe	translate-names		0	wilderness of Shur	We do not know the exact locations of this place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
727	EXO	15	23	a9pv	translate-names		0	Marah	We do not know the exact locations of this place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
728	EXO	15	24	n64m			0	complained to Moses and said	“were unhappy and told Moses” or “angrily told Moses”
729	EXO	15	26	l2hx	figs-123person		0	the voice of Yahweh your God	Yahweh is speaking about his own voice. His voice represents what he says. Alternate translation: “my voice” or “what I say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
730	EXO	15	26	sq5x	figs-metaphor		0	do what is right in his eyes	The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “do what Yahweh considers to be right”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
731	EXO	15	26	m4cn	figs-metaphor		0	I will put on you none of the diseases	God speaks of causing people to have diseases as putting diseases on them. Alternate translation: “I will not cause any of you to have the diseases” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
732	EXO	15	27	did8	translate-names		0	Elim	This is an oasis in the desert, a place with water and shade trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
733	EXO	15	27	ark9	translate-numbers		0	twelve	“12” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
734	EXO	15	27	p64y	translate-numbers		0	seventy	“70” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
735	EXO	16	intro	nkd7			0		Exodus 16 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Complaints The Israelites complained about the amount of food Yahweh gave them, even when he miraculously provided their food for them. This is intended to show their ungratefulness and their sinful view of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) Prohibition against storing food The people were not allowed to store the food, called manna, they were provided with. This is because they were to trust in Yahweh to provide for their needs every day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) Sabbath This is the first recorded celebration of the Sabbath rest. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]]) Ark of the covenant Although the covenant has not yet been made, it is referenced in Exodus 16:34. This is probably done either in anticipation of the building of the ark or as an editorial comment made by Moses after these events. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Wilderness of Sin Sin is the name of a part of the Sinai Wilderness. It is not the description of a place, and it has nothing to do with sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
736	EXO	16	1	gw67	translate-names		0	wilderness of Sin	The word “Sin” here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness. It is not the English word “sin.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
737	EXO	16	1	h44x	translate-hebrewmonths		0	on the fifteenth day of the second month	This time coincides with the end of April and the beginning of May on Western calendars. Alternate translation: “on day 15 of the second month” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
738	EXO	16	2	h938	figs-hyperbole		0	The whole community of Israelites complained	“All the Israelites complained.” This is a generalization. Moses and Aaron did not complain. Alternate translation: “The Israelites complained” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
739	EXO	16	2	nx6f			0	complained	“were angry and spoke”
740	EXO	16	3	nwy6			0	If only we had died	This is a way of saying that they wished that they had died. Alternate translation: “We wish that we had died”
741	EXO	16	3	g1n1	figs-metonymy		0	by Yahweh’s hand	The phrase “Yahweh’s hand” represents Yahweh’s action. Alternate translation: “by Yahweh’s action” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
742	EXO	16	4	kls5	figs-metaphor		0	I will rain down bread from heaven for you	God speaks of food coming down from heaven as if it were rain. Alternate translation: “I will make bread come down from heaven like rain” or “I will make bread fall to you from the sky” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
743	EXO	16	4	i1xw	figs-metaphor		0	bread	God speaks of the food that he will send as if it were bread. The Israelites would eat this food every day, just as they had eaten bread every day before this. Alternate translation: “food” or “food like bread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
744	EXO	16	4	se28	figs-metaphor		0	walk in my law	God speaks of obeying his law as walking in it. Alternate translation: “obey my law” or “live according to my law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
745	EXO	16	4	yew5			0	my law	“my command”
746	EXO	16	5	p1f6			0	It will come about on the sixth day, that they	“It will happen on the sixth day that they” or “On the sixth day they”
747	EXO	16	5	cl74	translate-numbers		0	on the sixth day	“on day 6” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
748	EXO	16	5	t5il			0	twice	two times
749	EXO	16	7	zb21	figs-rquestion	מָ֔ה כִּ֥י תלונו	0	Who are we for you to complain against us?	Moses and Aaron used this question to show the people that it was foolish to complain against them. Alternate translation: “We are not powerful enough for you to complain against us.” or “It is foolish to complain against us, because we cannot do what you want.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
750	EXO	16	8	v8rq	figs-metaphor		0	bread	Moses speaks of the food that God will send as if it were bread. The Israelites would eat this food every day, just as they had eaten bread every day before this. See how you translated it in Exodus 16:4. Alternate translation: “food” or “food like bread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
751	EXO	16	8	pn4e	figs-rquestion		0	Who are Aaron and I?	Moses used this question to show the people that he and Aaron did not have the power to give them what they wanted. Alternate translation: “Aaron and I cannot give you what you want.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
752	EXO	16	8	vdr8	figs-explicit		0	Your complaints are not against us; they are against Yahweh	The people were complaining against Moses and Aaron, who were Yahweh’s servants. So by complaining against them, the people were really complaining against Yahweh. Alternate translation: Your complaints are not really against us; they are against Yahweh, because we are his servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
753	EXO	16	10	q4ax			0	It came about	This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. The important event here is the people seeing Yahweh’s glory. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
754	EXO	16	10	b6rp			0	behold	The word “behold” here shows that the people saw something interesting.
755	EXO	16	12	g7xc	figs-metaphor		0	bread	God speaks of the food that he will send as if it were bread. The Israelites would eat this food every day, just as they had eaten bread every day before this. See how you translated it in Exodus 16:4. Alternate translation: “food” or “food like bread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
756	EXO	16	13	aas8			0	It came about…that	This phrase is used here to mark an important part of the events. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
757	EXO	16	13	eu1x	translate-unknown		0	quails	These are small, plump birds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
758	EXO	16	14	k5lb	figs-simile		0	like frost	The original readers knew what frost is like, so this phrase would help them understand what the flakes were like. Frost is frozen dew that forms on the ground. It is very fine. Alternate translation: “that looked like frost” or “that was fine like frost” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
759	EXO	16	15	n5e7	figs-metaphor		0	bread	Moses speaks of the food that God sent as if it were bread. The Israelites would eat this food every day, just as they had eaten bread every day before this. See how you translated it in Exodus 16:4. Alternate translation: “food” or “food like bread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
760	EXO	16	16	v1c6			0	Connecting Statement:	Moses continues telling the people about the food that God was providing for them.
761	EXO	16	16	fqp9	translate-bvolume		0	omer	2 liters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
762	EXO	16	22	nrx8			0	It came about that	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. Verses 16:22-30 tell about what the people did concerning the manna on the sixth and seventh days of the week. If your language has a way for marking this as a new part of the story, you could consider using it here.
763	EXO	16	22	xk6x	translate-numbers		0	on the sixth day	“on day 6” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
764	EXO	16	22	zj1u			0	twice	two times
765	EXO	16	22	f4j9			0	bread	This refers to the bread that appeared as thin flakes on the ground each morning.
766	EXO	16	23	wc4a			0	a solemn rest	“a day to rest quietly and think seriously”
767	EXO	16	24	y4d9			0	did not become foul	“did not smell rotten”
768	EXO	16	25	pr1p			0	today is a day reserved as a Sabbath to honor Yahweh	“today is a Sabbath and is to be used only for honoring Yahweh”
769	EXO	16	26	jv77	translate-numbers		0	but the seventh day	“but on day seven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
770	EXO	16	26	hq5i			0	manna	This was the name the Israelites gave to the bread that Yahweh caused to appear for them each morning.
771	EXO	16	27	qf14			0	they found none	“they did not find any manna”
772	EXO	16	28	q41d			0	General Information:	Yahweh speaks to Moses, but the word “you” refers to the people of Israel in general.
773	EXO	16	28	e1vx	figs-rquestion		0	How long will you refuse to keep my commandments and my laws?	God used this question to scold the people because they did not obey his laws. Alternate translation: “You people still do not keep my commandments and laws!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
774	EXO	16	28	vnq7			0	to keep my commandments and my laws	“to obey my commandments and my laws”
775	EXO	16	29	p22l	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh has given you the Sabbath	Yahweh speaks about teaching people to rest on the Sabbath as if the Sabbath were a gift. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, have taught you to rest on the Sabbath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
776	EXO	16	29	dt58	translate-numbers		0	sixth day…two days…seventh day	“day 6…2 days…day 7” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
777	EXO	16	29	y8wf			0	bread	This refers to the bread that appeared as thin flakes on the ground each morning.
778	EXO	16	31	r1a5	translate-unknown		0	coriander seed	Coriander is also known as cilantro. People dry the seeds and grind them into a powder and put it in food to give it flavor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
779	EXO	16	31	vrl4			0	wafers	very thin biscuits or crackers
780	EXO	16	32	nxa9	translate-bvolume		0	omer	2 liters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
781	EXO	16	32	g93h			0	bread	This refers to the bread that appeared as thin flakes on the ground each morning.
782	EXO	16	33	rtw7	translate-bvolume		0	an omer	“two liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
783	EXO	16	36	g8ns	translate-bvolume		0	Now an omer is a tenth of an ephah	An omer and an ephah are both containers for measuring volume. The original readers would have known how much an ephah was. This sentence would help them know how much an omer was. For languages that do not use fractions, this can be reworded. Alternate translation: “Now ten omers equal one ephah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
784	EXO	17	intro	f12q			0		Exodus 17 General Notes Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical Questions Moses uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these questions is to convince people of their sin. Likewise, the people’s rhetorical question showed their ignorance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Wilderness of Sin Sin is the name of a part of the Sinai Wilderness. It is not the description of a place, and it has nothing to do with sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
785	EXO	17	1	h1li	translate-names		0	wilderness of Sin	The word “Sin” here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness. It is not the English word “sin.” See how you translated this in Exodus 16:1. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
786	EXO	17	1	j1fm	translate-names		0	Rephidim	This means “the resting place,” a place to rest on long journeys through the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
787	EXO	17	2	hr9b	figs-rquestion		0	Why do you quarrel with me? Why do you test Yahweh?	Moses uses these questions to scold the people. Alternate translation: “You should not quarrel with me! You should not test Yahweh!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
788	EXO	17	3	cz24	figs-rquestion		0	To kill us and our children and our cattle with thirst?	The people use this question to accuse Moses of wanting to kill them. Alternate translation: “You only brought us out here to kill us and our children and cattle by not letting us have any water to drink!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
789	EXO	17	7	x5an	translate-names		0	Massah	a place in the desert whose name means “testing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
790	EXO	17	7	hw7y	translate-names		0	Meribah	a place in the desert whose name means “complaining” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
791	EXO	17	8	rv14	translate-names		0	Rephidim	This was the name of a place in the desert. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
792	EXO	17	10	ca3g	figs-synecdoche		0	So Joshua fought Amalek	Joshua represents himself and the Israelites that he led into battle. Alternate translation: “So Joshua and the men he chose fought against the Amalekites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
793	EXO	17	10	wy51	translate-names		0	Hur	Hur was a friend of Moses and Aaron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
794	EXO	17	11	x5ex	figs-synecdoche		0	Israel was winning…Amalek would begin to win	The words “Israel” and “Amalek” represent the fighters from those groups. Alternate translation: “the Israelite fighters were winning…the Amalekite fighters would begin to win” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
795	EXO	17	12	hxt8	figs-metonymy		0	hands became heavy	The author writes of Moses’ arms becoming tired as if his hands became heavy. Alternate translation: “arms became tired” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
796	EXO	17	13	plp3	figs-metonymy		0	with the sword	The sword represents battle. Alternate translation: “in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
797	EXO	17	14	c5rl	figs-metaphor		0	I will completely blot out the memory of Amalek	God speaks of destroying Amalek as if he were removing people’s memory of Amalek. When a group of people is completely destroyed, there is nothing to remind people about them. Alternate translation: “I will completely destroy Amalek” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
798	EXO	17	14	jm77	figs-metonymy		0	Amalek	This refers to the Amalekites. Alternate translation: Amalekites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
799	EXO	17	16	bw78	figs-metonymy		0	a hand was lifted up	People would raise their hand when they made a promise or pledge, so raising the hand represents making a promise. Alternate translation: “a promise was made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
800	EXO	17	16	s86d	figs-activepassive		0	a hand was lifted up	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh lifted up his hand” or “Yahweh made a solemn promise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
801	EXO	18	intro	t8g2			0		Exodus 18 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Leadership lessons Jethro taught Moses an important leadership lesson in this chapter. Many scholars look at this chapter for important leadership lessons. Moses delegated some of his responsibilities to other godly men so that he would not become worn out by all the demands made of him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]])
802	EXO	18	1	nl86			0	Moses’ father-in-law	This refers to the father of the wife of Moses.
803	EXO	18	2	zw6h			0	took Zipporah, Moses’ wife	Possible meanings are (1) Jethro took Zipporah to Moses, or (2) Jethro had earlier welcomed back Zipporah.
804	EXO	18	2	chy6	figs-explicit		0	after he had sent her home	This is something Moses had done earlier. The full meaning of the can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “after Moses had sent her home to her parents” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
805	EXO	18	3	khs1			0	and her two sons	This is the ending of the sentence that begins with the words “Jethro…took Zipporah” in verse 2. Possible meanings are (1) Jethro took Zipporah and her two sons to Moses, or (2) Jethro had earlier welcomed back Zipporah and her two sons.
806	EXO	18	3	k4mb	translate-names		0	Gershom	This is a son of Moses and Zipporah, whose name means “foreigner.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
807	EXO	18	4	xi35	translate-names		0	Eliezer	This is a son of Moses and Zipporah, whose name means “God is the one who helps me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
808	EXO	18	4	z2km	figs-metonymy		0	Pharaoh’s sword	This represents being killed by Pharaoh or Pharaoh’s army. Alternate translation: “being killed by Pharaoh” or “being killed by Pharaoh’s army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
809	EXO	18	5	kpq9	figs-activepassive		0	where he was camped	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “where he camped with the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
810	EXO	18	7	s5p2	translate-symaction		0	bowed down, and kissed him	These symbolic acts were the normal way that people showed great respect and devotion in that culture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
811	EXO	18	8	rkq2	figs-metonymy		0	for Israel’s sake	The word “Israel” represents the Israelite people. Alternate translation: “in order to help the Israelite people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
812	EXO	18	8	a1ra	figs-metaphor		0	all the hardships that had come to them	Moses writes of hardships happening to them as if hardships had come to them. Alternate translation: “all the hardships that had happened to them” or “all the hardships they had experienced” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
813	EXO	18	9	wp1p	figs-metonymy		0	the hand of the Egyptians	The hand represents the power of someone to do something. Alternate translation: “the power of the Egyptians…the power of Pharaoh” or “what the Egyptians were doing to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
814	EXO	18	10	nrv7	figs-metonymy		0	the hand of the Egyptians…the hand of Pharaoh	The hand represents the power of someone to do something. Alternate translation: “the power of the Egyptians…the power of Pharaoh” or “what the Egyptians were doing to you…what Pharaoh was doing to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
815	EXO	18	14	bax5	figs-rquestion		0	What is this that you are doing with the people?	Jethro uses this question to show Moses that what he was doing was not good. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not be doing all of this for the people!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
816	EXO	18	14	b5wj	figs-rquestion		0	Why is it that you sit alone…from morning until evening?	Jethro used this question to show Moses that he was doing too much. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not sit alone…from morning till evening!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
817	EXO	18	14	cfd1	figs-metonymy		0	you sit alone	The word “sit” here is a metonym for “judge.” Judges would sit while they listened to people’s complaints. Alternate translation: “you judge alone” or “you are the only one who judges the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
818	EXO	18	18	jtd2			0	You will surely wear yourselves out	“you will surely make yourselves very tired”
819	EXO	18	18	h91b	figs-metaphor		0	This burden is too heavy for you	Jethro speaks of the hard work that Moses is doing as if it were a physical burden that Moses was carrying. Alternate translation: “This work is too much for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
820	EXO	18	19	pug7			0	you advice	“you guidance” or “you instruction”
821	EXO	18	19	v8i9	figs-metaphor		0	God will be with you	Jethro speaks of God helping Moses as if God would be with Moses. Alternate translation: “God will help you” or “God will give you wisdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
822	EXO	18	19	w4r8	figs-metaphor		0	you bring their disputes to him	Jethro speaks of Moses telling God about their disputes as if Moses were bringing their disputes to God. Alternate translation: “you tell God about their disputes” or “you tell God what they are arguing about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
823	EXO	18	20	w3vf	figs-metaphor		0	You must show them the way to walk	Jethro speaks of living or behaving like walking. Alternate translation: “You must show them how to live” or “You must show them how to behave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
824	EXO	18	21	p2rq			0	Connecting Statement:	Jethro continues speaking to Moses.
825	EXO	18	21	p5ap			0	Furthermore, you must choose	“In addition, you must choose” or “You must also choose”
826	EXO	18	21	n936	figs-metaphor		0	You must put them over people	Jethro speaks of giving them authority over people as putting them over people. Alternate translation: You must give them authority over people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
827	EXO	18	21	d2hv	translate-numbers		0	leaders in charge of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and of tens	Possible meanings are (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of people in each group. Alternate translation: “leaders in charge of groups of 1,000 people, groups of 100 people, groups of 50 people, and groups of 10 people” or (2) these numbers are not exact, but represent groups of people of various sizes. Alternate translation: “leaders in charge of very small groups, small groups, large groups, and very large groups” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
828	EXO	18	22	p4sr			0	routine cases	“the simple cases”
829	EXO	18	22	y5n2	figs-metaphor		0	the difficult cases they will bring to you	Jethro speaks of telling Moses about the difficult cases as bringing him the difficult cases. Alternate translation: “the difficult cases they will tell you about” or “when there are difficult cases, they will tell you about them so you can judge them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
830	EXO	18	22	u42p	figs-metaphor		0	they will carry the burden with you	Jethro speaks of the hard work that they would do as if it were a burden that they would carry. Alternate translation: “they will do the hard work with you” or “they will help you do the hard work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
831	EXO	18	23	wyq4	figs-explicit		0	endure	What they will endure can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “endure the stress of the work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
832	EXO	18	25	n2ws	figs-metaphor		0	heads over the people	Moses writes of the leaders of people as if they were the head of a body. Alternate translation: “leaders of the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
833	EXO	18	25	tb18	figs-explicit		0	capable men	What they were capable of doing can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “men who were able to lead” or “men who were able to judge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
834	EXO	18	25	iqn8	translate-numbers		0	leaders in charge of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and tens	Possible meanings are (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of people in each group. Alternate translation: “leaders in charge of groups of 1,000 people, groups of 100 people, groups of 50 people, and groups of 10 people” or (2) these numbers are not exact, but represent groups of people of various sizes. Alternate translation: “leaders in charge of very small groups, small groups, large groups, and very large groups” See how you translated this in Exodus 18:21. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
835	EXO	18	26	abx4			0	judged the people in normal circumstances	“judged the people most of the time” or “judged the people’s easy cases”
836	EXO	18	26	z7j4	figs-metaphor		0	The difficult cases they brought to Moses	The author writes of telling Moses about the difficult cases as bringing him the difficult cases. Alternate translation: “the difficult cases they told Moses about” or “when there were difficult cases, they told Moses about them so that he would judge them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
837	EXO	18	26	ve8h			0	the small cases	“the easy cases”
838	EXO	19	intro	ck7e			0		Exodus 19 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter “A kingdom of priests” The function of the priests was to intercede for the people. The Levites were the only priests in Israel; this is a metaphor indicating that the nation was to intercede for the world as a whole. They were also to be holy, or set apart, from the rest of the world. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) Revealing the Law The events of this chapter are concerned with preparing the people to receive the law of Moses. The people go through all of this to prepare themselves for the law, which show the great importance of this event for Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
839	EXO	19	1	r5tj	translate-hebrewmonths		0	In the third month…on the same day	This means they arrived at the wilderness on the first day of the month just as they left Egypt on the first day of the month. The first day of the third month on the Hebrew calendar is near the middle of May on Western calendars. Alternate translation: “In the third month…on the first day of the month” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
840	EXO	19	1	xw7p			0	had gone out from	“had left”
841	EXO	19	2	nk51	translate-names		0	Rephidim	This is an area on the edge of the wilderness of Sinai where the people of Israel had been camping. See how you translated this name in Exodus 17:1. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
842	EXO	19	3	s2qt	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Jacob	The word “house” here represents Jacob’s family and descendants. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
843	EXO	19	3	f4qw			0	the house of Jacob, the people of Israel	The phrase “the people of Israel” explains what “the house of Jacob” means.
844	EXO	19	4	z9i6	figs-you		0	You have seen	The word “you” here refers to the Israelites. Yahweh is telling Moses what to tell the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
845	EXO	19	4	b7ph	figs-metaphor		0	I carried you on eagles’ wings	God speaks of caring for his people while they traveled as if he were an eagle and carried them on his wings. Alternate translation: “I helped you travel like an eagle that carries her babies on her wings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
846	EXO	19	5	th35			0	obediently listen to my voice	Obediently can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “listen to my voice and obey me”
847	EXO	19	5	c767	figs-metonymy		0	my voice	God’s voice represents what he says. Alternate translation: “what I say” or “my words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
848	EXO	19	5	fh8e			0	keep my covenant	“do what my covenant requires you to do”
849	EXO	19	5	ifv6			0	special possession	“treasure”
850	EXO	19	6	gm9s	figs-metaphor		0	a kingdom of priests	God speaks of his people as if they were priests. Alternate translation: “a kingdom of people who are like priests” or “a kingdom of people who do what priests do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
851	EXO	19	7	c5tq	figs-metaphor		0	set before them all these words	The author writes of Moses telling people things as if he were setting the words before them. AT “told them all these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
852	EXO	19	7	zqk1			0	all these words that Yahweh had commanded him	“all that Yahweh had commanded him”
853	EXO	19	8	ljf5	figs-go		0	Moses came to report	Where Moses went can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “Moses went back up the mountain to report” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
854	EXO	19	8	rwx6	figs-metonymy		0	the people’s words	The word “words” refers to what the people said. Alternate translation: “what the people said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
855	EXO	19	10	ie7y			0	you must set them apart to me	This probably means “tell them to dedicate themselves to me” or “tell them to purify themselves for me.”
856	EXO	19	10	j891			0	their garments	“their clothes” or “what they are wearing”
857	EXO	19	11	d6tm	figs-you		0	Be ready	This was a command to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
858	EXO	19	12	lg7u			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
859	EXO	19	12	d48p			0	set boundaries	“make a boundary.” This was either a mark or some kind of barrier.
860	EXO	19	12	kis1	figs-activepassive		0	Whoever touches the mountain will surely be put to death	This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: “You must surely put to death any person who touches the mountain” or “You must surely kill anyone who touches the mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
861	EXO	19	12	ibe7			0	Whoever touches	“Any person who touches” or “Anyone who touches”
862	EXO	19	13	l9ak			0	such a person	“a person who does that” or “a person who touches the mountain”
863	EXO	19	13	k35k	figs-activepassive		0	he must certainly be stoned or shot	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must certainly stone or shoot him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
864	EXO	19	13	vw19			0	shot	This refers to being killed by someone who shoots arrows from a bow or stones from a slingshot.
865	EXO	19	13	ng41			0	a long blast	“a long, loud sound”
866	EXO	19	15	bw2p	figs-euphemism		0	do not go near your wives	This is a polite way of talking about sleeping with their wives. Alternate translation: “do not sleep with your wives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
867	EXO	19	16	fvt8			0	All the people…trembled	“All the people…shook with fear”
868	EXO	19	18	m1b5			0	Yahweh descended	“Yahweh came down”
869	EXO	19	18	a8p7			0	like the smoke of a furnace	This shows that it was a very large amount of smoke. Alternate translation: “like the smoke from a very large fire”
870	EXO	19	18	np1s	translate-unknown		0	furnace	an oven that can be made extremely hot (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
871	EXO	19	19	m8ae			0	grew louder and louder	“continued to become louder and louder”
872	EXO	19	19	f5e6	figs-metonymy		0	in a voice	The word “voice” here refers to a sound that God made. Possible meanings are (1) “by speaking loudly like thunder” or (2) “by speaking” or (3) “by causing thunder to sound” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
873	EXO	19	20	v7mh			0	he summoned Moses	“he commanded Moses to come up”
874	EXO	19	21	d2qm	figs-metaphor		0	not to break through	God spoke about walking past the boundary as if they might break down a barrier and walk through it. See how you translated “set bounds” in Exodus 19:12. Alternate translation: “not to go beyond the boundary” or “not to go through the barrier”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
875	EXO	19	24	w8lx			0	get down	“go down”
876	EXO	19	24	bk6p	figs-metaphor		0	break through the barrier	God spoke about walking past the boundary as if they might break down a barrier and walk through it. See how you translated a similar phrase in Exodus 19:21. Alternate translation: “go beyond the boundary” or “go through the barrier” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
877	EXO	20	intro	x7vt			0		Exodus 20 General Notes Structure and formatting The instructions recorded in this chapter are commonly known as the “ten commandments.” Special concepts in this chapter Covenant Yahweh’s covenant faithfulness is now based on the covenant he made with Abraham as well as the covenant he is making with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])
878	EXO	20	2	qg71			0	house of slavery	“place where you were slaves”
879	EXO	20	3	r9h3			0	You must have no other gods before me	“You must not worship any other gods but me”
880	EXO	20	4	rkn1			0	nor the likeness	“and you must not make the likeness”
881	EXO	20	5	ka3i			0	You must not bow down to them or worship them	The word “them” refers to carved figures or idols.
882	EXO	20	5	r6zh			0	jealous	God wants his people to worship only him.
883	EXO	20	5	w4cs			0	punish the ancestors’ wickedness by bringing punishment on the descendants	God will punish people for the sin of their parents.
884	EXO	20	5	s2ia	translate-ordinal		0	to the third and the fourth generation	“to generations 3 and 4.” This refers to the grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Alternate translation: “even on the grandchildren and great-grandchildren (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
885	EXO	20	6	u9nc	figs-abstractnouns		0	I show covenant faithfulness to thousands of those who love me	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “I faithfully love thousands of those who love me” or “I am faithful to the covenant with thousands of those who love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
886	EXO	20	6	yw38	figs-explicit		0	to thousands of those who love me	The word “thousands” is a metonym for a number too many to count. Alternate translation: “forever to those who love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
887	EXO	20	7	t3k2			0	take the name of Yahweh your God	“use the name of Yahweh your God”
888	EXO	20	7	gcz2			0	in vain	“carelessly” or “without proper respect”
889	EXO	20	7	sl6g	figs-doublenegatives		0	I will not hold guiltless	This double-negative can be stated as a positive. Alternate translation: “I will certainly consider guilty” or “I will certainly punish” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
890	EXO	20	8	kwn7			0	set it apart	“set it apart for a special purpose”
891	EXO	20	9	sad1			0	do all your work	“do all your usual duties”
892	EXO	20	10	t1ky	figs-metonymy		0	within your gates	Cities often had walls around them to keep out enemies, and gates for people to go in and out. Alternate translation: “within your community” or “inside your city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
893	EXO	20	11	vw1f	translate-ordinal		0	on the seventh day	“on day seven.” Here “seventh” is the ordinal number for “7.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
894	EXO	20	11	s8ds			0	blessed the Sabbath day	Possible meanings are that (1) God caused the Sabbath day to produce good results, or (2) God said that the Sabbath day was good.
895	EXO	20	14	wyv9			0	You must not commit adultery	“You must not have sex with anyone other than your spouse”
896	EXO	20	16	zix8			0	must not give false testimony	“must not speak a false report” or “must not tell lies about someone”
897	EXO	20	17	vt9t			0	must not covet	“must not strongly want to have” or “must not want to take”
898	EXO	20	18	swq3			0	voice of the trumpet	“sound of the trumpet”
899	EXO	20	18	nm52			0	the mountain smoking	“smoke coming from the mountain”
900	EXO	20	18	lmt5			0	they trembled	“they shook with fear”
901	EXO	20	18	h53m			0	stood far off	“stood far away” or “stood at a distance”
902	EXO	20	20	slb8			0	so that the honor of him may be in you, and so that you do not sin	“so that you will honor him and not sin”
903	EXO	20	21	lts1			0	Moses approached	“Moses went closer to”
904	EXO	20	22	tq2f			0	This is what you must tell the Israelites	“Tell the Israelites this”
905	EXO	20	22	r6jh			0	You yourselves have seen that I have talked with you from heaven	“You have heard me speak to you from heaven”
906	EXO	20	23	hi91			0	You will not make for yourselves other gods alongside me	“You must not make idols as other gods instead of me”
907	EXO	20	23	qm44			0	gods of silver or gods of gold	“gods made out of silver or gold” or “idols made out of silver or gold”
908	EXO	20	24	pf1i			0	earthen altar	an altar made of materials from the ground, such as stone, soil, or clay
909	EXO	20	24	ge89	figs-metonymy		0	cause my name to be honored	Here “name” is a metonym for God’s being. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “choose for you to honor me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
910	EXO	20	26	qm1b			0	You must not go up to my altar on steps	“Do not build steps up to the altar and go up to it on those steps”
911	EXO	20	26	h2qd			0	your nakedness	“your private parts”
912	EXO	21	intro	dnd3			0		Exodus 21 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Covenant with Moses Although the covenant Yahweh made with Moses began in the previous chapter, it formally begins with the statement, “Now these are the decrees that you must set before them.” The law of Moses was a major part of this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) Slavery This passage does not condone slavery as an acceptable practice. However, it does impose some restrictions on the practice. Justice in society The rules and law of this chapter are not intended to be followed by every society. Israel was God’s chosen nation and was required to live in a special way. These laws concerned creating a just society and a holy nation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
913	EXO	21	1	b3g4			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
914	EXO	21	1	hhf7			0	you must set before them	“you must give them” or “you must tell them”
915	EXO	21	2	di5z			0	General Information:	Yahweh tells Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
916	EXO	21	3	ln3r	figs-explicit		0	If he came by himself, he must go free by himself	What “by himself” means can be stated clearly. Some languages require that the additional condition, that he marries while a slave, be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “If he became a slave while he had no wife, and if he marries while he is a slave, the master need only free the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
917	EXO	21	3	pfn3			0	by himself	“alone” or “without a wife”
918	EXO	21	3	e467			0	if he is married	“if he was married when he became a slave” or “if he came as a married man”
919	EXO	21	5	yj8x			0	plainly says	“clearly says”
920	EXO	21	5	jqh4			0	I will not go out free	“I do not want my master to set me free”
921	EXO	21	6	z8x1			0	bore his ear through	“put a hole in his ear”
922	EXO	21	6	xpd3			0	awl	a pointed tool used to make a hole
923	EXO	21	6	k6ev			0	for life	“until the end of his life” or “until he dies”
924	EXO	21	8	p8se			0	has designated	“has chosen”
925	EXO	21	8	t2zf	figs-activepassive		0	he must let her be bought back	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he must allow her father to buy her back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
926	EXO	21	8	bi4y			0	has no right to sell	“has no authority to sell”
927	EXO	21	8	h7f7			0	he has treated her deceitfully	“he has deceived her”
928	EXO	21	9	w99z			0	designates her as a wife for his son	“decides that she is the one who will be his son’s wife”
929	EXO	21	10	rxk4	figs-doublenegatives		0	he must not diminish her food, clothing, or her marital rights	This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “he must give the first wife the same food, clothing, and marital rights she had before” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
930	EXO	21	10	q2gt			0	must not diminish her food	“must not take away her food” or “must not give her less food”
931	EXO	21	10	np9b	figs-euphemism		0	or her marital rights	This includes things that a husband must do for his wife, including sleeping with her. Alternate translation: “and he must continue to sleep with her as before” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
932	EXO	21	12	gks4			0	strikes a man	“hits a man” or “attacks a man”
933	EXO	21	12	su6b	figs-activepassive		0	that person must surely be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must certainly execute that person” or “you must certainly kill that person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
934	EXO	21	13	h4ka			0	did not do it with premeditation	“did not plan to do it” or “did not do it on purpose”
935	EXO	21	13	gme9	figs-explicit		0	I will fix a place to where he can flee	The purpose of choosing a place can be stately clearly here. Alternate translation: “I will choose a place that he can run away to be safe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
936	EXO	21	14	st5h			0	according to a cunning plan	“after thinking carefully about it”
937	EXO	21	14	abx6			0	must take him	The word “him” refers to the one who killed his neighbor.
938	EXO	21	14	bcc6	figs-activepassive		0	so that he may die	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that you can kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
939	EXO	21	15	y3hd	figs-activepassive		0	Whoever hits his father or mother must surely be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If anyone hits his father or mother, you must surely put him to death” or “You must surely kill anyone who hits his father or mother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
940	EXO	21	15	qh2j			0	must surely	“must certainly”
941	EXO	21	16	iu81	figs-activepassive		0	that kidnapper must be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must kill that kidnapper” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
942	EXO	21	17	h8qf	figs-activepassive		0	Whoever curses his father or his mother must surely be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must surely kill anyone who curses his father or his mother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
943	EXO	21	18	hk3c	figs-activepassive		0	is confined to his bed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “cannot get out of bed” or “has to stay in bed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
944	EXO	21	19	c7rv			0	he recovers	“he gets better”
945	EXO	21	19	fa8t			0	staff	This is a stick that can be leaned on for support while walking.
946	EXO	21	19	xg6c	figs-explicit		0	the loss of his time	This refers to a situation when someone cannot work to earn money. You can express this clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “the time he could not work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
947	EXO	21	19	ws14			0	pay for his complete recovery	“pay his medical costs” or “pay for his costs for healing”
948	EXO	21	20	te41			0	as a result of the blow	“because of the injury” or “because his master hit him”
949	EXO	21	20	h4eg	figs-activepassive		0	that man must surely be punished	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must certainly punish that man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
950	EXO	21	21	r65u	figs-explicit		0	for he will have suffered the loss of the servant	You can express clearly in the translation that the servant was valuable to his master. Alternate translation: “because he has already lost his servant who was valuable to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
951	EXO	21	22	a6av			0	she miscarries	“her baby dies in her womb” or “her baby is born too soon and dies”
952	EXO	21	22	cn4h	figs-activepassive		0	the guilty man must surely be fined	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must certainly fine the guilty man” or “the guilty man must pay a fine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
953	EXO	21	22	v5ye			0	as the judges determine	“what the judges decide”
954	EXO	21	23	x2ek	figs-explicit		0	you must give a life for a life	This means that if she is hurt, the person who hurt her must be hurt in the same way. Alternate translation: “he must give his life for her life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
955	EXO	21	24	c5bq	figs-explicit		0	an eye for an eye	This means that if she is hurt, the person who hurt her must be hurt in the same way. Alternate translation: “his eye for her eye” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
956	EXO	21	26	i8cg			0	If a man	Here “man” refers to the owner of a slave.
957	EXO	21	26	bmc1			0	in compensation	“as payment.” Compensation is what someone does for another person or gives to another person to make up for what he has caused that person to lose.
958	EXO	21	28	sp6w			0	an ox gores	“an ox injures with its horns”
959	EXO	21	28	qk3u	figs-activepassive		0	the ox must surely be stoned	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must stone the ox to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
960	EXO	21	28	q2gv	figs-activepassive		0	its flesh must not be eaten	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must not eat its flesh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
961	EXO	21	28	d4li	figs-activepassive		0	the ox’s owner must be acquitted	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must acquit the ox’s owner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
962	EXO	21	29	nzn1	figs-activepassive		0	its owner also must be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must also kill its owner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
963	EXO	21	30	t5rs	figs-explicit		0	If a payment is required for his life	If the ox’s owner can pay a fine to save his own life, then he must pay whatever the judges decide. The full meaning of this can be stated clearly. This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if the owner of the bull can pay a fine to save his own life, he must pay the full amount that the judges say that he must pay” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
964	EXO	21	31	kg25			0	has gored	“has injured with its horns”
965	EXO	21	32	qzv3	translate-bmoney		0	thirty shekels of silver	“330 grams of silver.” A shekel weighed eleven grams. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
966	EXO	21	32	wm9a	figs-activepassive		0	the ox must be stoned	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must kill the ox by stoning it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
967	EXO	21	33	fd4p			0	opens a pit	“uncovers a hole in the ground” or “takes a cover off a hole in the ground”
968	EXO	21	34	b48a	figs-explicit		0	repay the loss	The owner must be paid for the loss of his animal. Alternate translation: “pay the owner for the dead animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
969	EXO	21	34	j8qz	figs-explicit		0	will become his	The one who paid for the loss of the animal will become the owner of the dead animal and can do what he wants with it. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “will belong to the owner of the pit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
970	EXO	21	35	z9ug			0	divide its price	“divide the money” or “divide the money they receive”
971	EXO	21	36	fkx2	figs-activepassive		0	if it was known	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if people knew” or “if the owner knew” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
972	EXO	21	36	v64b			0	a habit of goring in time past	“had gored other animals before”
973	EXO	21	36	ix8h	figs-explicit		0	its owner has not kept it in	This means that the owner did not keep his ox securely inside a fence. This can be clearly stated in the translation. Alternate translation: “its owner did not keep it inside a fence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
974	EXO	21	36	dcv2	figs-explicit		0	he must surely pay ox for ox	The owner of the ox that killed must give an ox to the man who lost his ox. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “the owner of the ox that killed must surely give a living ox to the owner of the ox that died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
975	EXO	22	intro	f9vb			0		Exodus 22 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Justice in society The rules and laws of this chapter are not intended to be followed by every society. Israel was God’s chosen nation and was required to live in a special way. These laws concerned creating a just society and a holy nation. In this chapter, the purpose of these laws often focuses on minimizing the people’s desire for vengeance. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]])
976	EXO	22	1	syx5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
977	EXO	22	2	mt43	figs-activepassive		0	If a thief is found	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If anyone finds a thief” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
978	EXO	22	2	e98x			0	breaking in	“using force to come into a house”
979	EXO	22	2	gt5f	figs-activepassive		0	if he is struck so that he dies	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if anyone strikes the thief so that he dies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
980	EXO	22	2	fq57			0	no guilt for murder will attach to anyone on his account	“no one will be guilty of murdering him”
981	EXO	22	3	vym5			0	if the sun has risen before he breaks in	“if it is light before he breaks in” or “if he breaks in and it is after sunrise”
982	EXO	22	3	nl2i			0	guilt for murder will attach to the person who kills him	“the person who kills him will be guilty of murder”
983	EXO	22	3	f4w4			0	make restitution	“pay for what he stole”
984	EXO	22	3	c5yl	figs-activepassive		0	he must be sold for his theft	This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: “you must sell him as a slave in order to pay for what he stole” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
985	EXO	22	4	k926	figs-activepassive		0	If the stolen animal is found alive in his possession	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If they find that he still has the live animal that he stole” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
986	EXO	22	4	g5kg			0	pay back double	pay two animals for every animal that he took
987	EXO	22	5	j24t			0	If a man grazes his livestock	“If a man lets his animals eat plants”
988	EXO	22	5	ty82			0	it grazes	“it eats plants”
989	EXO	22	5	jrb3			0	he must make restitution	“he must pay back the owner of that field”
990	EXO	22	6	x6aj			0	If a fire breaks out and spreads in thorns	“If someone starts a fire and it spreads in thorns”
991	EXO	22	6	i4ma			0	spreads in thorns	“moves along the ground through dry plants”
992	EXO	22	6	u1pa			0	stacked grain	This is grain that has been cut and tied in bundles. “bundled grain” or “harvested grain”
993	EXO	22	6	r2cf			0	standing grain	This is grain that has not been cut, but it is ready to be harvested.
994	EXO	22	6	w6ku			0	a field is consumed	“fire consumes a field” or “fire destroys a field”
995	EXO	22	6	j398			0	must surely make restitution	“must certainly pay for the grain that the fire destroyed”
996	EXO	22	7	jw3v			0	for safe keeping	“to watch over it” or “to keep it safe”
997	EXO	22	7	na9h	figs-activepassive		0	if it is stolen	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if someone steals it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
998	EXO	22	7	z7zu			0	thief	someone who steals something
999	EXO	22	7	x2sh	figs-activepassive		0	if the thief is found	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if you find the thief” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1000	EXO	22	8	lwg5			0	come before the judges to see whether	“come before the judges so that they can find out if”
1001	EXO	22	8	f774	figs-idiom		0	has put his own hand on his neighbor’s property	This is an idiom. If you have a way of saying this in your language, you can use it here. Alternate translation: “has stolen his neighbor’s property” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1002	EXO	22	9	p7ab			0	the claim of both parties must come before the judges	The judges must listen to both people who claim that the item belongs to them and the judges will decide who is guilty.
1003	EXO	22	11	gl7t	figs-activepassive		0	an oath to Yahweh must be taken by them both	Only the man who is accused of stealing the animal must swear the oath. The owner of the lost animal must accept the oath that has been sworn. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the man who was caring for the animal must swear an oath before Yahweh and the owner must accept that oath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1004	EXO	22	12	yw3w	figs-activepassive		0	But if it was stolen from him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “But if someone stole the animal from him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1005	EXO	22	13	b313	figs-activepassive		0	If an animal was torn in pieces	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “But if a wild beast tore the animal in pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1006	EXO	22	13	pc6i	figs-activepassive		0	He will not have to pay for what was torn	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He will not have to pay for the animal that the wild beast destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1007	EXO	22	14	h8yw			0	must surely make restitution	“must certainly repay with another animal” or “must certainly pay the owner for the animal”
1008	EXO	22	15	g3zw	figs-activepassive		0	if the animal was hired	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if someone rented the animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1009	EXO	22	15	r792	figs-explicit		0	it will be paid for by its hiring fee	The one who borrowed the animal will not have to pay the owner anything more than the hiring or rental fee. This fee will pay for the loss of the animal. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “the money that someone paid to rent the animal will cover the loss of the animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1010	EXO	22	15	f9w9			0	hiring fee	“rental fee” or “money paid to rent the animal”
1011	EXO	22	16	a8s8			0	a man seduces a virgin who is not engaged	“a man persuades a virgin who is not engaged that she wants to sleep with him”
1012	EXO	22	16	th2m			0	not engaged	“not promised to be married”
1013	EXO	22	16	g24h	figs-euphemism		0	if he lies with her	Lying with someone is a euphemism for having sex. Alternate translation: “if he has sex with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1014	EXO	22	16	x33y			0	bride wealth	“dowry” or “bride price”
1015	EXO	22	17	y2xz			0	him, he	These pronouns refer back to the man who seduced the virgin.
1016	EXO	22	19	y3qy	figs-euphemism		0	Whoever lies with an animal	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “Whoever has sexual relations with an animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1017	EXO	22	20	n4nh	figs-activepassive		0	Yahweh must be completely destroyed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, you must completely destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1018	EXO	22	21	kr35			0	wrong a foreigner	“mistreat a foreigner” or “cheat a foreigner”
1019	EXO	22	22	djh3	figs-doublenegatives		0	You must not mistreat any widow or fatherless child	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “You must treat all widows and fatherless children fairly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1020	EXO	22	22	v3i8			0	widow	“woman whose husband has died”
1021	EXO	22	22	l2ih			0	fatherless child	“orphan” or “child with no parents”
1022	EXO	22	24	sx9h	figs-metonymy		0	I will kill you with the sword	To be killed “with the sword” is a metonym that means a person will die violently, or perhaps fighting in a war. Alternate translation: “you will die a violent death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1023	EXO	22	25	v5je			0	a moneylender	“one who lends money”
1024	EXO	22	25	g3ry			0	charge him interest	“charge him extra money for borrowing” or “charge him extra money for the loan”
1025	EXO	22	26	vsk2			0	garment in pledge	“coat as collateral” or “coat as a guarantee to repay the loan”
1026	EXO	22	27	wi2m			0	only covering	“only coat” or “only garment to keep him warm”
1027	EXO	22	27	x7zb	figs-rquestion		0	What else can he sleep in?	This question adds emphasis. You can translate it as a strong statement. Alternate translation: “He will have nothing to wear while he sleeps!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1028	EXO	22	28	eel2			0	You must not blaspheme me, God	“Do not insult God” or “Do not speak evil about God”
1029	EXO	22	28	tdj6			0	nor curse a ruler	“and do not ask God to do bad things to a ruler”
1030	EXO	22	29	p8nk	figs-doublenegatives		0	You must not hold back offerings	This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “You must bring all of your offerings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1031	EXO	22	29	m4yq			0	give to me the firstborn of your sons	“dedicate your firstborn sons to me”
1032	EXO	22	30	cya6			0	do the same with	“dedicate to me the firstborn of”
1033	EXO	22	30	j345	translate-numbers		0	For seven days	This can be written as a numeral. Alternate translation: “For 7 days after they are born” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1034	EXO	22	30	m4wq	translate-numbers		0	the eighth day	This can be written as a numeral. Alternate translation: “day number 8” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1035	EXO	22	30	l9vh			0	give them to me	“dedicate them to me”
1036	EXO	23	intro	hk5t			0		Exodus 23 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Justice in society The rules and laws of this chapter are not intended to be followed by every society. Israel was God’s chosen nation and was required to live in a special way. These laws concerned creating a just society and a holy nation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) Celebrations of feasts and festivals The people of Israel were required to celebrate certain feasts and festivals. These were part of the law of Moses and some are described in this chapter. Their purpose was to worship Yahweh and to remember the great things Yahweh has done for them.
1037	EXO	23	1	we1y			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
1038	EXO	23	1	y1a3			0	dishonest witness	This is the same as a lying or false witness.
1039	EXO	23	2	nqz9			0	nor may you bear witness	“and you also must not speak”
1040	EXO	23	2	z6ej	figs-metaphor		0	siding with the crowd	This is a metaphor that describes one’s agreeing with a group of people as if he actually walked over and stood with that group. Alternate translation: “doing what the crowd wants” or “agreeing with the majority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1041	EXO	23	2	tnv2			0	pervert justice	do illegal or immoral actions that result in a unjust ruling
1042	EXO	23	4	faf4			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
1043	EXO	23	6	gr9g			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
1044	EXO	23	6	z2al			0	Do not thrust aside justice for your poor in his lawsuit	“Do not decide to treat a poor man unjustly in legal matters”
1045	EXO	23	6	vh76			0	lawsuit	Here, this refers to any matter that a court decides.
1046	EXO	23	7	mf4w			0	I will not acquit the wicked	“I will not find the wicked not guilty” or “I will not say of wicked people that they are innocent”
1047	EXO	23	8	gh3v	figs-personification		0	bribe blinds…perverts	Here a “bribe” is described as if it were a person. Alternate translation: “bribe discredits…undermines” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1048	EXO	23	9	mzu9			0	the life of a foreigner	“the kind of life a stranger lives in a foreign land”
1049	EXO	23	10	usn5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
1050	EXO	23	10	rt7h			0	its produce	“the food its plants produce”
1051	EXO	23	11	vr1l			0	unplowed	uncultivated, untilled
1052	EXO	23	11	b5q6			0	fallow	in its natural state, not used for to grow food
1053	EXO	23	11	s4wv	figs-explicit		0	so that the poor among your people may eat	The poor can eat any food that grows on its own in a field that is not cultivated. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “so the poor among your people may harvest and eat any food that grows on its own in that field” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1054	EXO	23	12	v36j			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
1055	EXO	23	12	ij92			0	your ox and your donkey	“your work animals”
1056	EXO	23	12	gpu1	figs-activepassive		0	any foreigner may rest and be refreshed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “any foreigner may rest and regain his strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1057	EXO	23	13	ldn8			0	Pay attention to	“Do” or “Obey”
1058	EXO	23	13	x5tf	figs-metonymy		0	mention the names of other gods	This represents praying to other gods. Alternate translation: “pray to other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1059	EXO	23	14	kp1j			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
1060	EXO	23	15	bu7n	translate-hebrewmonths		0	Aviv	This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Aviv is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. See how you translated this in Exodus 13:4. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1061	EXO	23	15	tx1v	figs-doublenegatives		0	not appear before me empty-handed	Here understatement is used to emphasize that the Israelites must bring a suitable offering to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “come to me without a proper offering” or “always bring an offering to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1062	EXO	23	16	tnz1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
1063	EXO	23	16	z4k4			0	You must observe	“You must honor” or “You must celebrate”
1064	EXO	23	16	pnx4			0	Festival of Ingathering	This festival celebrated the final harvesting of all the crops for the year.
1065	EXO	23	17	t5xj	figs-explicit		0	All your males must appear before the Lord Yahweh	Here to “appear” means to gather for worship. Alternate translation: “All the men must gather to worship the Lord Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1066	EXO	23	18	rqs4			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
1067	EXO	23	18	qgx1			0	fat from the sacrifices	The fat was burned as an offering to Yahweh and was never eaten.
1068	EXO	23	19	h3gs			0	the choicest firstfruits	“the best and first produce of the harvest”
1069	EXO	23	19	u7bk			0	You must not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk	This was a magical fertility practice among the Canaanites, which the Israelites were not permitted to participate in.
1070	EXO	23	20	e5sr			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
1071	EXO	23	21	pm7x			0	Be attentive to him	“Listen to him”
1072	EXO	23	21	p5y3			0	Do not provoke him, for he will not pardon	“If you provoke him, he will not pardon”
1073	EXO	23	21	p4jv	figs-metonymy		0	My name is on him	Here “name” refers to God’s authority. Alternate translation: “He has my authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1074	EXO	23	22	z1gn	figs-metonymy		0	If you indeed obey his voice	Here “voice” represents what the angel says. Alternate translation: “If you carefully obey what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1075	EXO	23	22	y9bm	figs-parallelism		0	an enemy to your enemies and an adversary to your adversaries	These two phrases mean the same thing and are used for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1076	EXO	23	23	ap6k			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
1077	EXO	23	24	a1d5	figs-explicit		0	You must not…do as they do	The Israelites must not live as the people who worship other gods. Alternate translation: “You must not…live as the people who worship those gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1078	EXO	23	25	t3ir	figs-merism		0	he will bless your bread and water	This is a merism that means food and drink. Alternate translation: “he will bless your food and drink” or “he will bless you by giving you food and drink” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
1079	EXO	23	25	ydl4	figs-123person		0	he will bless…I will remove	Yahweh switched between the first and third pronoun to refer to himself. Here both “he” and “I” refer to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
1080	EXO	23	26	i9uj			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
1081	EXO	23	26	q4gz	figs-doublenegatives		0	No woman will be barren or will miscarry her young in your land	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Every woman will be able to become pregnant and give birth to healthy babies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1082	EXO	23	26	i1r9			0	miscarry	to have a pregnancy end early and unexpectedly
1083	EXO	23	28	cg7i			0	hornets	a flying insect that can sting people and cause pain
1084	EXO	23	29	i9aq			0	or the land would become abandoned	“because no one would be living in the land”
1085	EXO	23	30	zyl3			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
1086	EXO	23	33	d1fp	figs-metaphor		0	this will surely become a trap for you	This means worshiping other gods will lead the people of Israel to certain destruction as if they were an animal caught in a hunter’s trap. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1087	EXO	24	intro	b83l			0		Exodus 24 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Moses’ covenant The people of Israel promise to obey the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. Their continued blessings were contingent upon their obedience to this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) God’s holiness Because Yahweh is perfectly holy, he can only be approached in a certain way. Because of this, only Moses was allowed near Yahweh. This is also why Yahweh is described as a “devouring fire.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
1088	EXO	24	1	c97i	translate-names		0	Nadab…Abihu	These are men’s names. See how you translated these names in Exodus 6:23. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1089	EXO	24	1	nm3t	translate-numbers		0	seventy of Israel’s elders	“70 of Israel’s elders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1090	EXO	24	3	cg32	figs-idiom		0	with one voice	This is an idiom that means the people were in complete agreement. Alternate translation: “together” or “in agreement” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1091	EXO	24	4	h7gg			0	foot of the mountain	“base of the mountain” or “bottom of the mountain”
1092	EXO	24	6	l5ia			0	Moses took half of the blood and put it into basins	Moses collected half of the blood in basins in order to splash it on the people in Exodus 24:8. This would confirm the people’s participation in the covenant between the people of Israel and God.
1093	EXO	24	6	f7dh			0	he sprinkled the other half onto the altar	Here the altar represents God. This would confirm God’s participation in the covenant between God and the people of Israel.
1094	EXO	24	7	axt9	figs-activepassive		0	We will be obedient	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “We will obey everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1095	EXO	24	8	h9ff	figs-explicit		0	Then Moses took the blood	This refers to the blood that Moses had put into the bowls. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Then Moses took the blood that was in the bowls” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1096	EXO	24	9	uz7y	translate-names		0	Nadab…Abihu	These are men’s names. See how you translated these names in Exodus 6:23. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1097	EXO	24	10	ic4s	figs-personification		0	Under his feet	This speaks of God as if he had human feet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1098	EXO	24	10	je5k			0	a pavement made of sapphire stone	“a pavement made of blue stones called sapphires”
1099	EXO	24	10	q8sn			0	pavement	a hard surface for walking or riding
1100	EXO	24	10	pm87	translate-unknown		0	sapphire stone	This is a gemstone that is blue in color. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1101	EXO	24	10	zd6u	figs-simile		0	as clear as the sky itself	This is a simile. Alternate translation: “as clear as the sky is when there are no clouds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1102	EXO	24	11	jds6	figs-metonymy		0	God did not lay a hand on the Israelite leaders	This means that God did not harm the leaders. Alternate translation: “God did not harm the Israelite leaders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1103	EXO	24	12	dx4f	figs-explicit		0	tablets of stone and the law and commandments	God had written the law and commandments on the tablets of stone. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “two stone slabs on which I have written all the laws” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1104	EXO	24	13	gv5e			0	with his assistant Joshua	“with Joshua who assisted him” or “with Joshua who helped him”
1105	EXO	24	14	qiy4			0	wait for us	“wait for Joshua and me”
1106	EXO	24	14	uc7r	translate-names		0	Hur	Hur was a man who was a friend of Moses and Aaron. See how you translated this name in Exodus 17:10. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1107	EXO	24	16	j2s5	figs-metonymy		0	Yahweh’s glory	This was the brilliant light of God’s presence. Alternate translation: “The brilliant light showing God’s presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1108	EXO	24	17	e4n6	figs-simile		0	like a devouring fire	This means the glory of Yahweh was very large and seemed to burn brightly like a fire. Alternate translation: “like a big fire burning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1109	EXO	24	17	k5lj	figs-metaphor		0	in the eyes of the Israelites	Their eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents their thoughts or judgment about they saw. Alternate translation: “to the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1110	EXO	24	18	h1wy	translate-numbers		0	forty days and forty nights	“40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1111	EXO	25	intro	t23a			0		Exodus 25 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter The tent of meeting This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where Moses would meet Yahweh and the ark would be stored. This would eventually become the tabernacle. It was to be considered a very holy place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
1112	EXO	25	2	r5yr	figs-idiom		0	who is motivated by a willing heart	This is an idiom that indicates a person’s desire to give an offering. Alternate translation: “who wants to give an offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1113	EXO	25	2	k78q	figs-you		0	You must receive	The word “you” refers to Moses and the leaders. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1114	EXO	25	3	s2ls			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1115	EXO	25	4	c1qn			0	blue, purple, and scarlet material	Possible meanings are (1) “material that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet,” probably wool yarn, or (2) “blue, purple and scarlet dye” to dye the linen.
1116	EXO	25	4	c958			0	scarlet	bright red
1117	EXO	25	6	i6gp	translate-unknown		0	spices	dried plants that people grind into a powder and put in oil or food to give it a nice smell or flavor (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1118	EXO	25	7	mg4f	translate-unknown		0	onyx	a valuable stone that has layers of white and black, red or brown. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1119	EXO	25	7	aks5	figs-activepassive		0	precious stones to be set	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “precious stones for someone to set” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1120	EXO	25	7	c3hk			0	precious stones	“valuable gems” or “treasured gems”
1121	EXO	25	8	d3vm			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1122	EXO	25	9	w4sc			0	tabernacle	Here this word means the same thing as the word “sanctuary” in verse 8.
1123	EXO	25	9	c9qe	figs-you		0	You must make it	Here “you” is plural and refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1124	EXO	25	9	m1np	figs-you		0	show you in the plans	“show you in the design” or “show you in the pattern.” Here “you” is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1125	EXO	25	10	n7j1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1126	EXO	25	10	cs23	translate-bdistance		0	two and a half cubits…one cubit and a half	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.5 cubits…1.5 cubits” or “115 centimeters…almost 69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1127	EXO	25	12	e59p			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1128	EXO	25	12	wbq8			0	cast four rings of gold	Casting was a process in which gold was melted, poured into a mold that was in the shape of a ring, and then allowed to harden.
1129	EXO	25	14	f2kz			0	in order to carry the ark	“so that you can carry the ark”
1130	EXO	25	15	k67p			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1131	EXO	25	17	c675			0	atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made.
1132	EXO	25	17	ast8	translate-bdistance		0	two and a half cubits…a cubit and a half	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.5 cubits…1.5 cubits” or “115 centimeters…69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1133	EXO	25	18	hfw6			0	hammered gold	“beaten gold”
1134	EXO	25	19	rgn8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1135	EXO	25	19	j38e			0	atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in Exodus 25:17.
1136	EXO	25	19	b4l9	figs-activepassive		0	They must be made	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must make them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1137	EXO	25	21	lm1p	figs-you		0	You must put	Here “you” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1138	EXO	25	22	hl6e			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to Moses.
1139	EXO	25	22	zu9u	figs-you		0	It is at the ark that I will meet with you	“I will meet with you at the ark.” In 25:22 the word “you” is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1140	EXO	25	22	wq9w			0	atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in Exodus 25:17.
1141	EXO	25	23	b11v			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1142	EXO	25	23	t312	translate-bdistance		0	two cubits…one cubit…a cubit and a half	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2 cubits…1 cubit…1.5 cubits” or “92 centimeters…46 centimeters…69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1143	EXO	25	25	b6j8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1144	EXO	25	25	awi7			0	one handbreadth wide	a measurement of 7 to 8 centimeters
1145	EXO	25	25	bit8			0	frame for it	“frame for the table”
1146	EXO	25	26	y64j			0	feet were	“legs are”
1147	EXO	25	27	jdh4	figs-activepassive		0	The rings must be attached	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must attach the rings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1148	EXO	25	27	q5w8			0	in order to carry	“so you can carry”
1149	EXO	25	28	d7jz			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1150	EXO	25	28	l4fk	figs-activepassive		0	so that the table may be carried with them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that you may carry the table with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1151	EXO	25	29	v78d	figs-activepassive		0	to be used to pour out drink offerings	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that you may use them to pour out drink offerings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1152	EXO	25	30	uth7			0	bread of the presence	This bread represented the presence of God.
1153	EXO	25	31	kc3q			0	hammered gold	“beaten gold.” See how you translated this in Exodus 25:18.
1154	EXO	25	31	g25l	figs-activepassive		0	The lampstand is to be made	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Make the lampstand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1155	EXO	25	31	fq45	figs-activepassive		0	Its cups, its leafy bases, and its flowers are to be all made of one piece with it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Make its cups, its leafy bases, and its flowers all of one piece with the lampstand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1156	EXO	25	33	nag2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the lampstand (Exodus 25:31-32).
1157	EXO	25	33	i7bh			0	almond blossoms	white or pink flowers that have five petals
1158	EXO	25	34	ji3x			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the lampstand (Exodus 25:31-32).
1159	EXO	25	35	lg8l			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the lampstand (Exodus 25:31-32).
1160	EXO	25	35	n5ed	figs-activepassive		0	made as one piece with it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must make them as one piece with the lampstand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1161	EXO	25	36	z9wy			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the lampstand (Exodus 25:31-32).
1162	EXO	25	37	m2i7			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1163	EXO	25	37	dfn6			0	for them to give light from it	“so they shine light from it”
1164	EXO	25	38	l5w8	figs-activepassive		0	The tongs and their trays must be made of pure gold	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Make the tongs and their trays of pure gold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1165	EXO	25	39	ff5p	translate-bweight		0	one talent	A talent weighs about thirty-three kilograms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1166	EXO	25	39	ff8n			0	its accessories	the tongs and the trays
1167	EXO	25	40	l7je	figs-activepassive		0	you are being shown on the mountain	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I am showing you on the mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1168	EXO	26	intro	emw7			0		Exodus 26 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter. Special concepts in this chapter The tent of meeting This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where Moses would meet Yahweh and the ark would be stored. This would eventually become the tabernacle. It was to be considered a very holy place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
1169	EXO	26	1	hen6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do (Exodus 25:1).
1170	EXO	26	1	ks8r	figs-you		0	You must make	Yahweh is speaking to Moses, so the word “you” is singular. Yahweh probably expected Moses to tell someone else to do the actual work, but Moses would be the one responsible for seeing that the work was done correctly. “Tell a craftsman to make” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1171	EXO	26	1	iww4			0	curtains	These were large, heavy sections of woven cloth that were used to form the covering and dividing walls of the tabernacle.
1172	EXO	26	1	xvs7			0	scarlet wool	wool dyed a deep red color
1173	EXO	26	1	n2vm			0	craftsman	a person who is skilled in making beautiful objects by hand
1174	EXO	26	2	dkr6	translate-bdistance		0	twenty-eight cubits…four cubits	“28 cubits…4 cubits.” A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1175	EXO	26	3	ba6w	figs-activepassive		0	Five curtains must be joined to each other…must also be joined to each other	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Sew five curtains together to make one set, and sew the other five curtains together to make another set” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1176	EXO	26	4	ghz8			0	one set	“one set of five curtains”
1177	EXO	26	4	zxx4			0	the second set	“the second set of five curtains”
1178	EXO	26	6	sns4			0	clasps	The clasps fit into the loops (verses 4 and 5) to hold the curtains together.
1179	EXO	26	7	k2mi			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1180	EXO	26	7	t7t3	translate-numbers		0	eleven	“11” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1181	EXO	26	8	p423	translate-numbers		0	thirty…four	“30…4” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1182	EXO	26	8	v7i1	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1183	EXO	26	10	j8yn			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1184	EXO	26	10	etf7			0	loops	See how you translated these in Exodus 26:4.
1185	EXO	26	11	cq36			0	clasps	The clasps fit into the loops to hold the curtains together. See how you translated this in Exodus 26:6.
1186	EXO	26	12	x5p7			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1187	EXO	26	13	k4ci	translate-bdistance		0	cubit	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1188	EXO	26	14	kii8			0	a covering of ram skins dyed red, and another covering of fine leather	See how you translated similar phrases in Exodus 25:5.
1189	EXO	26	14	yz3v			0	dyed red	“colored red”
1190	EXO	26	15	p38r			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1191	EXO	26	15	y85l			0	frames	This refers to frames or panels that they made by joining together smaller pieces of wood.
1192	EXO	26	16	k4b7	translate-numbers		0	ten cubits…one and a half cubits	“10 cubits…1.5 cubits” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1193	EXO	26	19	s45x			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1194	EXO	26	19	c9id			0	silver bases	These were silver blocks that had a slot in them to keep the board in place.
1195	EXO	26	19	mm1h			0	pedestals	The silver bases kept the wooden board off the ground.
1196	EXO	26	19	lg39	figs-activepassive		0	There must be two bases	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Put two bases” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1197	EXO	26	21	gag1	figs-explicit		0	and so on	This means that what was said about the first two boards should be done for the rest of the boards. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “and two bases for each of the rest of the boards” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1198	EXO	26	22	nw4c			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1199	EXO	26	24	k1ec	figs-activepassive		0	These frames must be separate at the bottom, but joined at the top	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Separate these frames at the bottom, but join them at the top” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1200	EXO	26	25	p2wu			0	silver bases	These were silver blocks that had a slot in them to keep the frame in place. See how you translated this in Exodus 26:19.
1201	EXO	26	25	q8xh			0	in all	“total”
1202	EXO	26	25	yr6d	figs-explicit		0	and so on	This means that what was said about the first two frames should be done for the rest of the frames. See how you translated this in Exodus 26:21. Alternate translation: “and two bases for each of the rest of the frames” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1203	EXO	26	26	c95e			0	General Information:	Yahweh continue to tell Moses how the tabernacle was to be built.
1204	EXO	26	26	fc8p			0	crossbars	These are horizontal support beams that give stability to the structure.
1205	EXO	26	27	rn67			0	the back side of the tabernacle to the west	The front was on the east side of the tabernacle.
1206	EXO	26	29	x8ny			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses how the tabernacle must be constructed.
1207	EXO	26	29	ji1j			0	for them to serve as holders for the crossbars	“which will hold the crossbars” or “because they will hold the crossbars”
1208	EXO	26	29	nq3m			0	crossbars	These are horizontal support beams that give stability to the structure. See how you translated this in Exodus 26:26.
1209	EXO	26	30	csf9	figs-activepassive		0	you were shown on the mountain	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have shown you here on this mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1210	EXO	26	31	yqi6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses how the tabernacle is to be constructed.
1211	EXO	26	31	uc7w	figs-you		0	You must make	Yahweh is speaking to Moses, so the word “you” is singular. Yahweh probably expected Moses to tell someone else to do the actual work, but Moses would be the one responsible for seeing that the work was done correctly. “Tell a craftsman to make.” See how you translated this in Exodus 26:1. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1212	EXO	26	33	p2yq			0	clasps	The clasps fit into the loops to hold the curtains together. See how you translated these in Exodus 26:6.
1213	EXO	26	33	d3gm	figs-explicit		0	you must bring in the ark of the testimony	The ark of the testimony is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “you must bring in the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1214	EXO	26	33	jc47	figs-activepassive		0	The curtain is to separate the holy place	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The curtain will separate the holy place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1215	EXO	26	34	v7t1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1216	EXO	26	34	mli8			0	atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in Exodus 25:17.
1217	EXO	26	34	b9m2			0	on the ark of the testimony	“on the chest that contains the commandments”
1218	EXO	26	35	lv9e	figs-explicit		0	The table must be on the north side	This is the table that holds the bread that represents the presence of God. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Place the table for the bread of God’s presence on the north side” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1219	EXO	26	36	h3s1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses how to construct the tabernacle.
1220	EXO	26	36	p5wf			0	a hanging	This was a large curtain made of cloth.
1221	EXO	26	36	rr16			0	blue, purple, and scarlet material	Possible meanings are (1) “yarn that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet,” probably wool yarn, or (2) “blue, purple, and scarlet dye” to dye the linen. See how you translated this in Exodus 25:4.
1222	EXO	26	36	f6td			0	fine twined linen	“finely twisted linen.” This was cloth made from fine linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread.
1223	EXO	26	36	r2fy			0	an embroiderer	“a person who sews designs into cloth” or “a person who embroiders”
1224	EXO	27	intro	x4f7			0		Exodus 27 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter. Special concepts in this chapter The tent of meeting This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where Moses would meet Yahweh and the ark would be stored. This would eventually become the tabernacle. It was to be considered a very holy place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
1225	EXO	27	1	hj65			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do (Exodus 25:1).
1226	EXO	27	1	qj4j	translate-bdistance		0	five cubits long and five cubits wide	“2.2 meters long on each side” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1227	EXO	27	1	hbg9	translate-bdistance		0	The altar must be square and three cubits high	“The altar must be square and 1.3 meters high” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1228	EXO	27	1	s8qy	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1229	EXO	27	2	lr23			0	You must make extensions of its four corners shaped like ox horns	“You must make projections that look like ox horns on its four corners”
1230	EXO	27	2	lek3	figs-activepassive		0	The horns will be made	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must make the horns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1231	EXO	27	2	y4r2			0	must cover them	“must cover the altar and horns”
1232	EXO	27	3	qn79			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1233	EXO	27	3	m4wm			0	basins	bowls
1234	EXO	27	3	z5ax			0	firepans	These were pans that held hot coals from the altar.
1235	EXO	27	3	j5zt			0	utensils	These were any instrument, vessel, or tool that served a useful purpose.
1236	EXO	27	4	fp9m			0	You must make a grate for the altar, a network of bronze	“You must make a bronze grate for the altar”
1237	EXO	27	4	hsq3			0	grate	a frame of crossed bars for holding wood when burning
1238	EXO	27	5	v6n4			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people need to do.
1239	EXO	27	5	c5em	figs-explicit		0	You must put the grate under the ledge of the altar	The grate was placed inside the altar. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “You must put the grate under the rim of the altar, on the inside of the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1240	EXO	27	5	xc2t			0	grate	This is a frame of crossed bars for holding wood when burning. See how you translated this in Exodus 27:4.
1241	EXO	27	6	wki4	figs-explicit		0	You must make poles for the altar	These poles were used for carrying the altar. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “You must make poles for carrying the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1242	EXO	27	7	fb3t			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people should do.
1243	EXO	27	7	b3yx	figs-activepassive		0	The poles must be put into the rings, and the poles must be on the two sides of the altar, to carry it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must put the poles into the rings and place them on each side of the altar to carry it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1244	EXO	27	8	xj8e			0	planks	a long, flat piece of wood that is thicker than a board
1245	EXO	27	8	t5ey	figs-activepassive		0	you were shown on the mountain	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have shown to you here on this mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1246	EXO	27	9	y45x	figs-activepassive		0	There must be hangings…courtyard	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must place hangings…courtyard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1247	EXO	27	9	id4k			0	hangings of fine twined linen	A “hanging” was a large curtain made of cloth. See how you translated this in Exodus 26:36
1248	EXO	27	9	v748			0	fine twined linen	“finely twisted linen.” This was cloth made from fine linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread
1249	EXO	27	9	ce9a	translate-bdistance		0	one hundred cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “44 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1250	EXO	27	10	sfg8	figs-activepassive		0	There must also be hooks…posts	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must also attach hooks…posts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1251	EXO	27	10	k7rb			0	posts	a strong piece of wood set upright and used as a support
1252	EXO	27	11	n95e			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1253	EXO	27	11	gjg5			0	there must be hangings one hundred cubits long	See how you translated many similar words in Exodus 27:9.
1254	EXO	27	11	x52h			0	there must be hangings	This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “you must make hangings”
1255	EXO	27	11	nr77			0	with twenty posts, twenty bronze bases, hooks attached to the posts, and silver rods	See how you translated many similar words in Exodus 27:10.
1256	EXO	27	12	p4u4			0	there must be a curtain	This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “you must make a curtain”
1257	EXO	27	12	elw4			0	There must be ten posts	This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “You must make ten posts”
1258	EXO	27	13	w2sg			0	The courtyard must also be fifty cubits long	This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “Make the courtyard fifty cubits long”
1259	EXO	27	14	mzn5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1260	EXO	27	14	vy7r			0	The hangings	These were large curtains made of cloth. See how you translated this in Exodus 26:36.
1261	EXO	27	14	z8n2			0	posts	These were strong pieces of wood set upright and used as supports. See how you translated these in Exodus 27:10.
1262	EXO	27	14	gz7s			0	bases	These were metal blocks that had a slot in them to keep the board in place. See how you translated this in Exodus 26:19.
1263	EXO	27	14	u8nm	translate-bdistance		0	fifteen cubits	about seven meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1264	EXO	27	16	wv46			0	The courtyard gate must be a curtain twenty cubits long	This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “You must make a curtain twenty cubits long to be the courtyard gate”
1265	EXO	27	16	h4tw	figs-activepassive		0	The curtain must be made…fine twined linen, the work of an embroiderer	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They must make the curtain…fine twined linen, the work of an embroiderer” or “Embroiderers must make the curtain…fine twined linen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1266	EXO	27	16	kn9u			0	blue, purple, and scarlet material and fine twined linen	Possible meanings are (1) “yarn that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet,” probably wool yarn, or (2) “blue, purple, and scarlet dye” to dye the linen.
1267	EXO	27	16	g5wi			0	an embroiderer	a person who sews designs into cloth
1268	EXO	27	17	wal2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1269	EXO	27	18	wt7n	translate-bdistance		0	one hundred cubits	“100 cubits.” A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1270	EXO	27	18	j1zp			0	fine twined linen hangings	“finely twisted linen.” This was cloth made from fine linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in Exodus 26:36.
1271	EXO	27	19	w5n8	figs-activepassive		0	all the tent pegs for the tabernacle and courtyard must be made of bronze	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “make all the tent pegs for the tabernacle and courtyard out of bronze” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1272	EXO	27	19	bs7c			0	tent pegs	sharp pieces of wood or metal used to secure the corners of a tent to the ground
1273	EXO	27	20	wn9n			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1274	EXO	27	21	ge7v			0	tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle.
1275	EXO	27	21	p7ru			0	ark of testimony	This is the chest that contains the sacred slabs of stone on which Yahweh had written his commandments.
1276	EXO	27	21	vr7m			0	This requirement will be a lasting statute	“I require that the people do this as a lasting statute”
1277	EXO	28	intro	r3yx			0		Exodus 28 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Holy garments Because Yahweh is holy, only the priests could approach him, and when they did they must be wearing specially made clothing. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
1278	EXO	28	1	bsm1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do (Exodus 25:1).
1279	EXO	28	1	e1xb	figs-you		0	Call to yourself	Here “yourself” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1280	EXO	28	2	tv9h	figs-you		0	You must make	Here “you” refers to the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1281	EXO	28	2	t5gy	figs-activepassive		0	garments that are set apart to me	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “garments that you will set apart to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1282	EXO	28	4	re79			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1283	EXO	28	4	tr5e			0	a coat of woven work	“a coat with a design woven into it”
1284	EXO	28	4	dz5h			0	turban	a tall head covering made from cloth wrapped around the head several times.
1285	EXO	28	4	k184			0	sash	a piece of cloth that people wear around their waist or across their chest
1286	EXO	28	6	yu8u			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1287	EXO	28	6	u3rx			0	fine-twined linen	“finely-twisted linen.” This was cloth made from fine linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in Exodus 26:36.
1288	EXO	28	6	k3bj			0	skillful craftsman	a person who can make beautiful objects by hand
1289	EXO	28	8	w523	figs-activepassive		0	it must be made of one piece	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they must make it in one piece” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1290	EXO	28	9	c4ia	translate-unknown		0	onyx stones	These are valuable stones that have layers of white and black, red or brown. See how you translated this in Exodus 25:7. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1291	EXO	28	10	at1b			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1292	EXO	28	11	dv8k			0	With the work of an engraver in stone, like the engraving on a signet	“In the same way a person engraves on a seal”
1293	EXO	28	11	x1xc			0	engraver	a person who cuts designs into a hard material such as wood, stone, or metal
1294	EXO	28	11	cm3f			0	signet	an engraved stone used to stamp a design into a wax seal
1295	EXO	28	11	gh2r			0	settings	pieces of metal that hold the stone onto the ephod
1296	EXO	28	13	hpc7			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1297	EXO	28	13	pi4x			0	settings	These are pieces of metal that hold each stone onto the ephod. See how you translated this in Exodus 28:11.
1298	EXO	28	14	e746			0	two braided chains of pure gold like cords	“two chains of pure gold that are braided like cords”
1299	EXO	28	15	ta6b			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1300	EXO	28	15	sf8e			0	the work of a skillful workman, fashioned like the ephod	“a skillful workman will make it like the ephod”
1301	EXO	28	16	cny4	translate-bdistance		0	span	A span is 22 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1302	EXO	28	17	spd4			0	General Information:	Twelve kinds of stone are listed here. Scholars are not sure which kinds of stones the Hebrew words refer to. Some translations list different stones.
1303	EXO	28	17	qp4t	translate-unknown		0	precious stones	“valuable gems” or “treasured gems.” See how you translated these in Exodus 25:7. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1304	EXO	28	17	n1ys	translate-unknown		0	ruby…topaz…garnet	These are precious stones. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1305	EXO	28	18	ga1v			0	emerald…diamond	These are precious stones.
1306	EXO	28	18	a5rr			0	sapphire	This is a gemstone that is blue in color. See how you translated this in Exodus 24:10.
1307	EXO	28	19	z17r			0	jacinth…agate…amethyst	These are precious stones
1308	EXO	28	20	ul2e	translate-unknown		0	beryl…jasper	These are precious stones. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1309	EXO	28	20	rgf6	translate-unknown		0	onyx	This is a valuable stone that has layers of white and black, red or brown. See how you translated these in Exodus 25:7. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1310	EXO	28	20	pw5h	figs-activepassive		0	They must be mounted in gold settings	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must mount them in gold settings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1311	EXO	28	21	d6fa			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1312	EXO	28	21	x4qn	figs-activepassive		0	The stones must be arranged	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must arrange the stones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1313	EXO	28	21	z8mw			0	signet ring	A signet is an engraved stone used to stamp a design into a wax seal. Here the stone is mounted on a ring. See how you translated “signet” in Exodus 28:11.
1314	EXO	28	22	m7yl			0	chains like cords, braided work of pure gold	“chains that are made of pure gold and are braided like cords.” See how you translated similar phrases in Exodus 28:14.
1315	EXO	28	25	cd3a			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1316	EXO	28	25	d8y3			0	braided chains	“chains braided like cords.” See how you translated this in Exodus 28:14.
1317	EXO	28	25	a4lc	figs-explicit		0	to the two settings	These are two settings that enclose the stones. This can be clearly stated in the translation. Alternate translation: “to the two settings that enclose the stones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1318	EXO	28	27	e385			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1319	EXO	28	27	vw1w			0	finely-woven waistband	This was a cloth belt made from narrow linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in Exodus 28:8.
1320	EXO	28	28	se56	figs-activepassive		0	so that it might be attached	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that they may attach it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1321	EXO	28	28	wf9v	figs-doublenegatives		0	the breastpiece might not become unattached from the ephod	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “the breastpiece would stay attached to the ephod” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1322	EXO	28	29	k21k			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1323	EXO	28	29	z1mz			0	he must carry the names of the people of Israel over his heart in the breastpiece	This refers to the names of the tribes engraved on the twelve stones the breastplate as described in Exodus 28:17-21.
1324	EXO	28	29	cc97			0	over his heart	“over Aaron’s heart” or “on his chest”
1325	EXO	28	30	f537			0	the Urim and the Thummim…the means for making decisions	The second phrase appears to refer to the Urim and Thummim and explain their purpose.
1326	EXO	28	30	dgn9	translate-unknown		0	the Urim and the Thummim	It not clear what these are. They were objects, possibly stones, that the priest used to determine somehow the will of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1327	EXO	28	31	jl1d			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1328	EXO	28	32	x42n			0	This must be the work of a weaver	This can be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “A weaver must make this robe”
1329	EXO	28	32	rw96			0	a weaver	“a person who weaves” or “a person who creates cloth using thread”
1330	EXO	28	33	v7gy			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people do.
1331	EXO	28	33	t9re	translate-unknown		0	pomegranates	A pomegranate is a round fruit with a red outer skin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1332	EXO	28	34	kl55			0	a golden bell and a pomegranate	This phrase is repeated to show the pattern of the design on the robe.
1333	EXO	28	35	de4m	figs-activepassive		0	The robe is to be on Aaron when he serves	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Aaron must wear the robe when he serves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1334	EXO	28	35	pf61	figs-activepassive		0	so that its sound can be heard	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that the bells make a sound” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1335	EXO	28	35	qtf9	figs-explicit		0	This is so that he does not die	It is implied that he would die because he did not obey Yahweh. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “As a result, he will not die because of disobeying my instructions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1336	EXO	28	36	e8qp			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1337	EXO	28	36	nd2q			0	engrave on it, like the engraving on a signet	“write on it in the same way a person engraves on a seal.” See how you translated similar words in Exodus 28:11
1338	EXO	28	37	qka6			0	turban	This was a tall head covering made from cloth wrapped around the head several times. See how you translated this in Exodus 28:4.
1339	EXO	28	38	ee65	figs-activepassive		0	It must be on Aaron’s forehead	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Aaron must wear it on his forehead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1340	EXO	28	38	u19w	figs-activepassive		0	The turban must be always on his forehead	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Aaron must always wear the turban on his forehead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1341	EXO	28	39	cp68			0	General Information:	God continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1342	EXO	28	39	t5vj			0	turban	This was a tall head covering made from cloth wrapped around the head several times. See how you translated this in Exodus 28:4.
1343	EXO	28	39	yi1l			0	sash	A sash is a decorative piece of cloth that a person wears around his waist or across his chest. See how you translated this in Exodus 28:4.
1344	EXO	28	39	i62z			0	the work of an embroiderer	An embroiderer is a person who sews designs into cloth. See how you translated this in Exodus 26:36.
1345	EXO	28	40	sc7t			0	General Information:	God continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1346	EXO	28	40	pfs2			0	sashes	A sash is a decorative piece of cloth that a person wears around his waist or across his chest. See how you translated this in Exodus 28:4.
1347	EXO	28	40	v2tj			0	headbands	A headband is a narrow, decorative strip of cloth that is worn around the head above the eyes.
1348	EXO	28	41	xa75	figs-explicit		0	You must clothe Aaron your brother	Aaron was the older brother of Moses. You can state this clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “Put these clothes on your older brother Aaron” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1349	EXO	28	42	vua7			0	General Information:	God continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1350	EXO	28	42	vz62			0	undergarments	These are underwear, clothing worn under the outer clothes, next to the skin.
1351	EXO	28	43	s6n2			0	tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in Exodus 27:21.
1352	EXO	28	43	r7y7			0	a permanent law	“a law the will not end”
1353	EXO	29	intro	xmd9			0		Exodus 29 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Consecrating priests This chapter records the process of consecrating priests. The priests were to be set apart from the rest of Israel because Yahweh is holy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter “I will live among the Israelites” As God, Yahweh is everywhere and cannot be limited to a single space. This phrase indicates that he permanently remains within Israel in a special way while they have the ark.
1354	EXO	29	1	d6gk			0	Now	The word “now” marks a change in topic from garments for priests to consecrating priests.
1355	EXO	29	1	z78h			0	you must do	Here “you” refers to Moses.
1356	EXO	29	1	ld5s			0	to set them apart	“to set apart Aaron and his sons”
1357	EXO	29	1	dq2c			0	serve me	Here “me” refers to Yahweh.
1358	EXO	29	1	cgl2			0	one young bull	a male cow
1359	EXO	29	2	ptm7	figs-activepassive		0	Also take wafers without yeast rubbed with oil	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Also take wafers without yeast and rub them with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1360	EXO	29	2	r449			0	bread…cakes…wafers	These are different kinds of food made from flour.
1361	EXO	29	3	u713			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to Moses
1362	EXO	29	3	gm58			0	You must put them	“You must put the bread, cake, and wafer”
1363	EXO	29	3	cd6m	figs-explicit		0	present them with the bull and the two rams	Here “present” means to offer as a sacrifice. The full meaning of this can be translated clearly. Alternate translation: “offer them to me when you sacrifice the bull and the two rams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1364	EXO	29	4	a6rz			0	tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in Exodus 27:21.
1365	EXO	29	5	va8b			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1366	EXO	29	5	f7u7			0	coat	This was a coat with a design woven into it. See how you translated this in Exodus 28:4.
1367	EXO	29	5	pr4i			0	finely-woven waistband	This was a cloth belt made from narrow linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in Exodus 28:8.
1368	EXO	29	6	ap2x			0	turban	This was a tall head covering made from cloth wrapped around the head several times. See how you translated this in Exodus 28:4.
1369	EXO	29	6	y59s			0	holy crown	This crown is described in Exodus 29:6 as being engraved with the words “dedicated to Yahweh” and made of pure gold.
1370	EXO	29	8	s53c			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1371	EXO	29	8	v46k			0	bring his sons	“bring Aaron’s sons”
1372	EXO	29	8	jtc7			0	coats	These were coats with a design woven into them. See how you translated this in Exodus 28:4.
1373	EXO	29	9	j3a8			0	sashes	A sash is a decorative piece of cloth that people wear around their waist or across their chest. See how you translated this word in Exodus 28:4.
1374	EXO	29	9	bh2d			0	headbands	A headband is a narrow, decorative strip of cloth that is worn around the head above the eyes. See how you translated this in Exodus 28:40.
1375	EXO	29	9	r1x4			0	The work of the priesthood	“the duty of being priests”
1376	EXO	29	9	ze9l	figs-explicit		0	will belong to them	The duty of being priests will also belong to the descendants of Aaron’s sons. You can state this clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “will belong to them and their descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1377	EXO	29	9	p7m9			0	permanent law	“a law the will not end.” See how you translated this in Exodus 28:43.
1378	EXO	29	10	r782			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1379	EXO	29	10	p996			0	tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in Exodus 27:21.
1380	EXO	29	11	bf2m			0	You must kill the bull	The bull offering was to be killed by Moses, not the priests, at the doorway, not inside the tent of meeting.
1381	EXO	29	11	y6kp	figs-explicit		0	kill the bull	Since the following verses will tell what to do with the blood from the bull, use a term for “kill” that will imply a method similar to “slitting its throat and catch the blood in a bowl.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1382	EXO	29	12	uxh3			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1383	EXO	29	12	c2ud			0	the horns	These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of the altar. See how you translated this in Exodus 27:2.
1384	EXO	29	12	xdl5			0	the rest of the blood	“the remaining blood”
1385	EXO	29	13	x2c5			0	covers the inner parts	“covers the organs”
1386	EXO	29	13	nsg6			0	liver…kidneys	These are organs in the body.
1387	EXO	29	14	eza8			0	But as for the bull’s flesh, as well as its skin and dung	“But as for the remaining parts of the bull”
1388	EXO	29	16	hd8i			0	You must kill the ram	For these consecration sacrifices for the priests, it was Moses, not Aaron or his sons, who had to kill the animals.
1389	EXO	29	17	w2nb			0	the inner parts	“the organs.” See how you translated this in Exodus 29:13.
1390	EXO	29	18	s68x			0	on the altar	Unlike the bull offering that was burned outside of the tent, the ram was to be burned on the inner altar.
1391	EXO	29	19	x3iv			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1392	EXO	29	20	j6b1	figs-explicit		0	Then you must kill the ram	The ram was killed by cutting its throat. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “Then kill the ram by slitting its throat” or “Then kill the ram by cutting its throat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1393	EXO	29	21	saa8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1394	EXO	29	21	w1aa	figs-activepassive		0	Aaron will then be set apart for me	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “By doing this, you will dedicate Aaron to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1395	EXO	29	22	gj68			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1396	EXO	29	22	i3dc			0	inner parts…liver…kidney	These refer to organs inside the body. See how you translated this in Exodus 29:13.
1397	EXO	29	23	td8w			0	Take one loaf…before Yahweh	For 29:23 see how you translated similar words in Exodus 29:2.
1398	EXO	29	23	i7vx			0	that is before Yahweh	“that you have placed before Yahweh”
1399	EXO	29	24	wv9l			0	General Information:	God continues speaking to Moses.
1400	EXO	29	24	b9bj			0	You must put these	Here “these” refers to the parts of the sacrifice mentioned in the previous verses.
1401	EXO	29	25	wz3a	figs-activepassive		0	it will be an offering made to me by fire	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “burn it as an offering to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1402	EXO	29	26	acx5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1403	EXO	29	26	bf71			0	ram of dedication	“ram that you dedicated” or “ram that you killed”
1404	EXO	29	26	c21f			0	Aaron’s ram of dedication	“the ram that you used to dedicate Aaron”
1405	EXO	29	28	uc2d			0	This will be a perpetual share for Aaron and his sons	“This is what Aaron and his sons will always receive from the people”
1406	EXO	29	29	la34			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1407	EXO	29	29	qru8	figs-activepassive		0	The holy garments of Aaron must also be reserved for his sons after him	These garments belong to the priesthood and are not just Aaron’s personal clothing. Alternate translation: “Aaron must reserve the holy garments for his sons after him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1408	EXO	29	29	i5vz	figs-activepassive		0	They are to be anointed in them and ordained to me in them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They must wear the holy garments when you anoint his sons and ordain them to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1409	EXO	29	30	pe79			0	tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in Exodus 27:21.
1410	EXO	29	31	npz1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1411	EXO	29	31	l3xk			0	the ram for the installation of the priests	“the ram you killed when you installed the priests”
1412	EXO	29	31	u9kl	figs-explicit		0	in a holy place	This is not the same as the holy place outside of the most holy place. This refers to a place within the courtyard. Alternate translation: “at the entrance to the tent of meeting” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1413	EXO	29	32	dp8h			0	tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in Exodus 27:21.
1414	EXO	29	33	qk8i	figs-activepassive		0	that were given	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that you sacrificed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1415	EXO	29	34	rhp7	figs-activepassive		0	It must not be eaten	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “No one must eat it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1416	EXO	29	34	lhi8	figs-activepassive		0	because it has been set apart to me	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “because you have set it apart to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1417	EXO	29	35	c2si			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1418	EXO	29	35	g9pm			0	In this way, by following all that I have commanded you to do, you must treat Aaron and his sons	“I have commanded you to treat Aaron and his sons this way”
1419	EXO	29	37	pq5d			0	Then the altar will be completely set apart to me	“Then the altar will be most holy”
1420	EXO	29	37	qk5h			0	will be set apart to Yahweh	“will also be very holy”
1421	EXO	29	38	e4r9			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1422	EXO	29	38	sli9			0	You must regularly offer on the altar every day	“You must daily offer on the altar”
1423	EXO	29	40	rt1f			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1424	EXO	29	40	x6i4	translate-fraction		0	a tenth…the fourth part	“1/10…1/4” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1425	EXO	29	40	bwg1	translate-bvolume		0	ephah	An ephah is 22 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
1426	EXO	29	40	vt6f	translate-bvolume		0	hin	A hin is 3.7 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
1427	EXO	29	41	t1tt			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1428	EXO	29	41	hgt9	figs-activepassive		0	it will be an offering made to me by fire	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “it will be a burnt offering to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1429	EXO	29	42	j8cg			0	throughout your generations	“through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in Exodus 12:14.
1430	EXO	29	42	h5r7			0	tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in Exodus 27:21.
1431	EXO	29	43	f1t6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1432	EXO	29	43	ic8i	figs-activepassive		0	the tent will be set apart for me by my glory	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “My awesome presence will dedicate the tent to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1433	EXO	29	45	zcs1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1434	EXO	30	intro	z3yc			0		Exodus 30 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Atonement The atonement offered by the priests was very important in the religious life of Israel. In order to offer sacrifices, the priests had to maintain ritual cleanliness by washing themselves. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/atonement]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])
1435	EXO	30	1	r1f4			0	General Information:	Yahweh tells Moses how to build the worship equipment.
1436	EXO	30	1	v8vb	figs-you		0	You must make	Here “you” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1437	EXO	30	2	w56e	figs-activepassive		0	Its horns must be made	These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of the altar. See how you translated “horns” in Exodus 27:2. Alternate translation: “You must make its horns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1438	EXO	30	3	d3uu			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1439	EXO	30	3	ddb2			0	the incense altar	“an altar to burn incense”
1440	EXO	30	4	qyg4	figs-activepassive		0	to be attached to it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which you will attach to the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1441	EXO	30	5	r61h			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1442	EXO	30	6	h33c	figs-explicit		0	ark of the testimony	The ark is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. See how you translated this in Exodus 26:33. Alternate translation: “the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1443	EXO	30	6	e52i			0	atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in Exodus 25:17.
1444	EXO	30	6	vg6k	figs-you		0	where I will meet with you	Here “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1445	EXO	30	7	l2rl			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1446	EXO	30	8	qm7i			0	throughout your generations	“through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in Exodus 12:14.
1447	EXO	30	9	ckf9			0	But you must offer	Though the word “you” is addressed to Moses, the instruction is given specifically to Aaron and his descendants as to when and what they are to offer on the altar of incense.
1448	EXO	30	10	ez2s			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1449	EXO	30	10	k6xk			0	horns	These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of the altar. See how you translated this in Exodus 27:2.
1450	EXO	30	10	san2			0	throughout your generations	“through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in Exodus 12:14.
1451	EXO	30	12	s73c	figs-you		0	When you take	Possible meanings are (1) “you” refers to just Moses or (2) “you” refers to Moses and the leaders of Israel in future generations when they take a census. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1452	EXO	30	12	k5p1			0	a census of the Israelites	The leaders only counted the Israelite men.
1453	EXO	30	13	s69s	figs-activepassive		0	Everyone who is counted	This can be stated in active form. They counted only the men. Alternate translation: “Everyone you count” or “Every man you count” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1454	EXO	30	13	i4wk	translate-bmoney		0	half a shekel of silver	“1/2 a shekel of silver.” Translators may use a unit of measure that people understand and a round number: “5.5 grams of silver” or “six grams of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1455	EXO	30	13	nfp6			0	according to the weight of the shekel of the sanctuary	There were evidently shekels of more than one weight at the time. This specified which one was to be used.
1456	EXO	30	13	id6d	translate-unknown		0	twenty gerahs	“20 gerahs.” A gerah is a unit that people used for measuring how much something very small weighed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1457	EXO	30	14	k4h9	figs-metaphor		0	from twenty years old and up	Larger numbers are spoken of as being up or above smaller numbers. Alternate translation: “from twenty years old and more” or “who is twenty years old or older” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1458	EXO	30	15	r7fd			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1459	EXO	30	15	rll6			0	the people	Only the men made this offering.
1460	EXO	30	15	e8xa	translate-bmoney		0	the half shekel	Translators may use a unit of measure that people understand and a round number: “the 5.5 grams of silver” or “the 6 grams of silver.” See how you translated this in Exodus 3:13. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1461	EXO	30	16	z6tn			0	It must be a reminder to the Israelites before me, to make atonement for your lives	Possible meanings are (1) “It will remind the Israelites to make atonement for their lives” or (2) “It will remind the Israelites that they have made atonement for their lives.”
1462	EXO	30	18	ye18	figs-you		0	You must also make	Here “you” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1463	EXO	30	18	v88y			0	bronze basin	“bronze bowl” or “bronze tub”
1464	EXO	30	18	bh82			0	a bronze stand	This is what the basin would be put on.
1465	EXO	30	18	iq8n			0	a basin for washing	This phrase explains what the priests were to use the large bronze basin for.
1466	EXO	30	18	m5li			0	the altar	the altar of sacrifice
1467	EXO	30	19	jq26			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1468	EXO	30	19	ivb1			0	water in it	“water in the basin”
1469	EXO	30	21	hp35			0	for Aaron and his descendants throughout their people’s generations	“for Aaron and all the generations of his descendants.” See how you translated a similar phrase in Exodus 12:14.
1470	EXO	30	22	p8n6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1471	EXO	30	23	m9g7	translate-unknown		0	spices	dried plants that people grind into a powder and put in oil or food to give it a nice smell or flavor. See how you translated this in Exodus 25:6. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1472	EXO	30	23	zq43	translate-numbers		0	five hundred shekels…250 shekels	“500 shekels…two hundred and fifty shekels.” A shekel is about 11 grams. Translators may use units that people know and round numbers: “5.7 kilograms…11.4 kilograms” or “six kilograms…three kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1473	EXO	30	23	xga2	translate-unknown		0	cinnamon…cane	These are sweet spices. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1474	EXO	30	24	p9jh	translate-unknown		0	cassia	This is a sweet spice. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1475	EXO	30	24	n38f	translate-bweight		0	the weight of the shekel of the sanctuary	There were evidently shekels of more than one weight at the time. This specified which one was to be used. See how you translated this in Exodus 30:13. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1476	EXO	30	24	dv89	translate-bvolume		0	one hin	Translators may use units that people know and round numbers: “3.7 liters” or “four liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1477	EXO	30	25	juf3			0	with these ingredients	“with these items”
1478	EXO	30	25	k3s5			0	the work of a perfumer	Possible meanings are (1) Moses was to have a perfumer do the work or (2) Moses was to do the work himself the way a perfumer would do it.
1479	EXO	30	25	yv9l			0	a perfumer	a person who is skilled in mixing spices and oils
1480	EXO	30	26	f7k5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1481	EXO	30	26	u241	figs-you		0	You must anoint	Here “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1482	EXO	30	26	d4id	figs-explicit		0	ark of the testimony	The ark is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. See how you translated this in Exodus 26:33. Alternate translation: “the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1483	EXO	30	28	v5mk			0	the altar for burnt offerings	“the altar on which offering were burnt”
1484	EXO	30	29	a9hr			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1485	EXO	30	29	np7g			0	set them apart	This refers to the items listed in Exodus 30:26-28.
1486	EXO	30	31	k4s7			0	throughout your people’s generations	“all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in Exodus 12:14.
1487	EXO	30	32	w4dt			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what Moses must tell the people.
1488	EXO	30	32	rlk4	figs-activepassive		0	It must not be applied to people’s skin	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not put the anointing oil that is dedicated to Yahweh on a person’s skin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1489	EXO	30	32	v3br			0	with the same formula	“with the same ingredients” or “with the same items”
1490	EXO	30	33	pa53	figs-metaphor		0	that person must be cut off from his people	The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: (1) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” (2) “the people of Israel must send him away” or (3) “the people of Israel must kill him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1491	EXO	30	34	r3j2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what to do. Yahweh gives the commands only to Moses: all instances of “you” are singular. However, the words “blended by a perfumer” might mean that Moses could have the perfumer take the spices, blend them, grind them, and give them to Moses so Moses could put part of the mixture in front of the ark, as in UST.
1492	EXO	30	35	as9y	figs-activepassive		0	Make it into the form of incense, blended by a perfumer	The phrase with “blended” can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Make it into the form of incense that a perfumer has blended” or “A perfumer must blend it into a kind of incense” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1493	EXO	30	35	y8yj			0	blended by a perfumer	Possible meanings are (1) Moses was to have a perfumer do the work or (2) Moses was to do the work himself the way a perfumer would do it. See how you translated these words in Exodus 30:25.
1494	EXO	30	36	nz2a	figs-you		0	You will grind it	“You will crush it.” Here “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1495	EXO	30	36	t8y9	figs-you		0	You will regard	Here “you” is plural and refers to Moses and all the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1496	EXO	30	37	z4p5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1497	EXO	30	37	dq6c			0	you must not make any	The word “you” here refers to the people of Israel.
1498	EXO	30	37	yv1y			0	with the same formula	“with the same ingredients” or “with the same items.” See how you translated this in Exodus 30:32.
1499	EXO	30	37	wh25			0	It must be most holy to you	“You must consider it to be most holy”
1500	EXO	30	38	xn6v			0	perfume	This is a pleasant smelling liquid a person puts on his or her body.
1501	EXO	30	38	sa1m	figs-metaphor		0	must be cut off from his people	The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: (1) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” (2) “the people of Israel must send him away” or (3) “the people of Israel must kill him.” See how you translated this in Exodus 30:33. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1502	EXO	31	intro	wfk7			0		Exodus 31 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter is the end of Exodus’ recording of the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) Special concepts in this chapter Sabbath As described in this chapter, the Sabbath is more than just a day of worship or celebration. Its significance extends beyond a way to help people rest. It is a major part of the identity of the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]])
1503	EXO	31	2	m8ju	figs-metonymy		0	I have called by name	God speaks of choosing specific people as calling them by name. Alternate translation: “I have chosen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1504	EXO	31	2	hf5r	translate-names		0	Bezalel…Uri…Hur	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1505	EXO	31	3	ayb9			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1506	EXO	31	3	f7sk	figs-metaphor		0	I have filled Bezalel with my Spirit	Yahweh speaks of giving Bezalel his Spirit as if Bezalel were a container and God’s Spirit were a liquid. Alternate translation: “I have given my Spirit to Bezalel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1507	EXO	31	3	r6i5	figs-abstractnouns		0	for all kinds of craftsmanship	The abstract noun “craftsmanship” can be translated as “making crafts” or “making things.” Alternate translation: “for making all kinds of crafts” or “so that he can make all kinds of things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1508	EXO	31	6	qk4r			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1509	EXO	31	6	jh61	translate-names		0	Oholiab…Ahisamak	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1510	EXO	31	6	wcq7			0	I have put skill into the hearts of all who are wise	God speaks of making people able to make things as if he were putting the ability into their hearts. Alternate translation: “I have given skill to all who are wise” or “I have made all who are wise able to make things well”
1511	EXO	31	7	jc78			0	tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in Exodus 27:21.
1512	EXO	31	7	m58b	figs-explicit		0	ark of the testimony	The ark is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. See how you translated this in Exodus 26:33. Alternate translation: “the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1513	EXO	31	7	z5s4			0	atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in Exodus 25:17.
1514	EXO	31	8	h84n			0	incense altar	“altar to burn incense.” See how you translated this in Exodus 30:3.
1515	EXO	31	9	cvl7			0	altar for burnt offerings	“altar on which offering were burnt.” See how you translated this in Exodus 30:28.
1516	EXO	31	10	hn88			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1517	EXO	31	11	z1u2			0	These craftsmen	“These people who are skilled in making beautiful things”
1518	EXO	31	13	i1lw	figs-metaphor		0	You must certainly keep Yahweh’s Sabbath days	God speaks of obeying his instructions about the Sabbath as keeping the Sabbath. Alternate translation: “You must certainly obey Yahweh’s instructions about the Sabbath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1519	EXO	31	13	gw13			0	throughout your people’s generations	“through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in Exodus 12:14.
1520	EXO	31	13	h75a	figs-metaphor		0	who sets you apart for himself	God speaks of choosing people to be his as setting them apart for himself. Alternate translation: “who has chosen you to be his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1521	EXO	31	14	g83p	figs-activepassive		0	for it must be treated by you as holy	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for you must treat it as holy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1522	EXO	31	14	mv4l	figs-metaphor		0	Everyone who defiles it	God speaks of treating the Sabbath with disrespect as defiling it. Alternate translation: “Everyone who treats the Sabbath with disrespect” or “Everyone who does not obey the laws about the Sabbath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1523	EXO	31	14	plq5	figs-activepassive		0	must surely be put to death	“must surely be killed.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must surely kill” or “you must surely execute” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1524	EXO	31	14	fz1g	figs-metaphor		0	must surely be cut off from his people	The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: (1) “Yahweh will no longer consider him to be one of his people” (2) “you must surely send him away” or (3) “you must surely kill him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1525	EXO	31	15	v4dv	translate-numbers		0	but the seventh day	“but day 7” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1526	EXO	31	16	iv7a			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what he must tell the people of Israel.
1527	EXO	31	16	t9hw	figs-metaphor		0	must keep the Sabbath	God speaks of obeying his instructions about the Sabbath as keeping the Sabbath. Alternate translation: “must obey Yahweh’s instructions about the Sabbath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1528	EXO	31	16	n7q2			0	They must observe it throughout their people’s generations	“They and all the generations of their descendants must observe it.” See how you translated “throughout their people’s generations” in Exodus 12:42.
1529	EXO	31	16	yef8			0	lasting covenant	“a covenant that will always exist.” See how you translated this in Exodus 28:43.
1530	EXO	31	18	xc6h	figs-activepassive		0	written on by his own hand	This can be translated with an active verb. Alternate translation: “which Yahweh wrote on with his own hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1531	EXO	32	intro	vv2w			0		Exodus 32 General Notes Structure and formatting The events of this chapter occur while Moses spoke with God and therefore happen at the same time as the events in chapters 20-31. Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 32:18. Special concepts in this chapter Idolatry The making of the golden calf was considered a form of idolatry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1532	EXO	32	1	cfk8	figs-metaphor		0	the people saw	Here understanding something is spoken of as if it were being seen. Alternate translation: “the people realized” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1533	EXO	32	1	k2i1			0	Come, make us an idol	The word “come” strengthens the force of the command following it. The people were demanding that Aaron make an idol for them.
1534	EXO	32	1	mrb5			0	go before us	“lead us” or “be our leader”
1535	EXO	32	2	p86s			0	bring them to me	The word “them” refers to the golden rings.
1536	EXO	32	3	ckg2			0	All the people	This refers to all the people who rejected Moses as their leader and Moses’ God as their God.
1537	EXO	32	4	uf9e			0	fashioned it with an engraving tool and he made a cast idol in the shape of a calf	Aaron melted the gold and poured it into a mold that had the shape of a calf. When the gold became hard, he removed the mold, and the hardened gold had the shape of a calf.
1538	EXO	32	5	ztx4	figs-explicit		0	When Aaron saw this	You may need to make explicit what he saw. “When Aaron saw what the people did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1539	EXO	32	6	as6u			0	to carouse in wild celebration	“to have a wild party.” The people likely behaved in sexually immoral ways at the party.
1540	EXO	32	8	eua5	figs-metaphor		0	left the way that I commanded them	Here God speaks of the people disobeying what he commanded them as if he had told them to walk on a certain road and they left that road. Alternate translation: “stopped doing what I commanded them to do” or “have stopped obeying what I commanded them to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1541	EXO	32	9	bh7c	figs-metaphor		0	I have seen this people	Here Yahweh compares knowing the people to seeing them. Alternate translation: “I know this people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1542	EXO	32	9	ffe2	figs-metaphor		0	a stiff-necked people	Yahweh speaks of the people being stubborn as if they had stiff necks. Alternate translation: “a stubborn people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1543	EXO	32	10	fmk3			0	Now then	The word “now” is used here to mark a break in what Yahweh was telling Moses. Here Yahweh tells what he will do to the people.
1544	EXO	32	10	sd9w	figs-metaphor		0	My anger will burn hot against them	Yahweh speaks of his anger as if it were a fire that could burn hot. Alternate translation: “My anger towards them will be terrible” or “I am extremely angry with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1545	EXO	32	10	vc2u	figs-you		0	from you	The word “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1546	EXO	32	11	h62e	figs-metaphor		0	why does your anger burn against your people…a mighty hand?	Moses used this question to try to persuade Yahweh not to be so angry with his people. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Do not let your anger burn against your people…a mighty hand.” or “Do not be so angry with your people…a mighty hand.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1547	EXO	32	11	t2cv	figs-doublet		0	great power…mighty hand	These two phrases share similar meanings and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1548	EXO	32	11	ph43	figs-metonymy		0	a mighty hand	Here the word “hand” refers to the things Yahweh did. Alternate translation: “and the powerful things you did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1549	EXO	32	12	k26p			0	General Information:	Moses continues to reason with God not to destroy Israel.
1550	EXO	32	12	r8ij	figs-rquestion		0	Why should the Egyptians say, ‘He led them out…to destroy them from the face of the earth?’	Moses used this question to try to persuade God not to destroy his people. This rhetorical question can be translated with a statement. Alternate translation: If you destroy your people, the Egyptians might say, ‘He led them out…to destroy them from the face of the earth.’ (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1551	EXO	32	12	kzh7			0	face of the earth	“from the surface of the earth” or “from the earth”
1552	EXO	32	12	fns1			0	Turn from your burning anger	“Stop your burning anger” or “Stop being so angry”
1553	EXO	32	12	p1df	figs-metaphor		0	your burning anger	Moses speaks of God’s anger as if it were a fire that was burning. Alternate translation: “your terrible anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1554	EXO	32	13	t9sa			0	Call to mind Abraham	“Remember Abraham” or “Think about Abraham”
1555	EXO	32	13	p8jq			0	you swore	“you made an oath” or “you solemnly promised”
1556	EXO	32	13	q1g1	figs-metaphor		0	They will inherit it forever	God speaks about them possessing the land as if they would inherit it. Alternate translation: “They will possess it forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1557	EXO	32	15	cx7z			0	tablets of the covenant decrees	These are the two stone slabs on which God had engraved his commandments.
1558	EXO	32	16	w3ua	figs-parallelism		0	The tablets were God’s own work, and the writing was God’s own writing	These two phrases share similar meanings. The second explains how the tablets were “God’s own work.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1559	EXO	32	17	cua3	figs-explicit		0	he said to Moses	It is assumed that Joshua met Moses while Moses was going back to the camp. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1560	EXO	32	19	hr2j			0	the tablets	“the two stone slabs that Yahweh had written on”
1561	EXO	32	21	du5l	figs-quotations		0	Then Moses said to Aaron, “What did this people…a great sin on them?”	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Then Moses asked Aaron what the people do to him, that he have brought such a great sin on them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
1562	EXO	32	21	np73	figs-metaphor		0	you have brought such a great sin on them	Moses spoke of causing people to sin as if sin were an object and Aaron put it on them. Alternate translation: “you have caused them to sin so terribly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1563	EXO	32	22	z2ch	figs-metaphor		0	Do not let your anger burn hot	Aaron spoke of Moses’ anger as if it were a fire that could burn. “Do not be so angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1564	EXO	32	22	vdy2	figs-metaphor		0	they are set on doing evil	Being determined to do evil is spoken of as being set on evil. Alternate translation: “they are determined to do what is evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1565	EXO	32	23	zn68			0	this Moses	People showed disrespect by putting the word “this” before his name, as if Moses were someone they did not know and could not trust.
1566	EXO	32	24	yq7s	figs-quotations		0	So I said to them, ‘Whoever has any gold, let him take it off.’	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “So I told them that whoever had any gold should take it off” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
1567	EXO	32	24	b3l5			0	I threw it into the fire, and out came this calf	Instead of taking ownership for making the calf, Aaron claims the calf came out of the fire supernaturally.
1568	EXO	32	25	ck1f			0	were running wild	“were behaving wildly” or “were not controlling themselves”
1569	EXO	32	26	jis7	figs-quotations		0	Then Moses stood at the entrance…“Whoever is on Yahweh’s side, come to me.”	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Then Moses stood at the entrance to the camp and said that whoever was on Yahweh’s side should come to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
1570	EXO	32	26	ryb5	figs-metaphor		0	Whoever is on Yahweh’s side	Moses speaks of being loyal to Yahweh as being on Yahweh’s side. Alternate translation: “Whoever is loyal to Yahweh” or “Whoever serves Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1571	EXO	32	27	xsl3			0	go back and forth from entrance to entrance	“go from side of the camp to the other, starting at one entrance to the camp and going to the entrance on the other side of the camp”
1572	EXO	32	28	at4i	translate-numbers		0	three thousand of the people	“3000 of the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1573	EXO	32	29	jzp1			0	You have been placed into Yahweh’s service	This probably means “You have been chosen to serve Yahweh” or “You have become Yahweh’s servants.”
1574	EXO	32	29	c6fg	figs-explicit		0	for each of you has taken action against his son and his brother	The fact that they did this in obedience to God can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “for you have obeyed Yahweh and killed your sons and your brothers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1575	EXO	32	30	r5fn			0	You have committed a very great sin	They worshiped an idol.
1576	EXO	32	30	yi3e	figs-metaphor		0	Perhaps I can make atonement for your sin	Moses spoke of persuading God to forgive the people as if he could make atonement for their sin. Alternate translation: “Perhaps I can persuade Yahweh to forgive you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1577	EXO	32	32	c72y	figs-metonymy		0	blot me out of the book	The word “me” here refers to the name of Moses. Alternate translation: “erase my name from the book” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1578	EXO	32	32	ahb3	figs-explicit		0	the book that you have written	What God had written in the book can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the book in which you have written the names of your people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1579	EXO	32	33	igb4	figs-metonymy		0	that person I will blot out of my book	The phrase “that person” represents “that person’s name.” Alternate translation: “I will erase that person’s name from my book” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1580	EXO	32	33	qwk9			0	my book	This refers to the book of Yahweh that Moses spoke of in Exodus 32:32.
1581	EXO	32	34	xn8p			0	But on the day that I punish them, I will punish them	On the day that God decides to punish them, it will be clear that it is God who is judging them.
1582	EXO	32	35	ddg6			0	Yahweh sent a plague on the people	This plague may have been a serious illness. Alternate translation: “Yahweh made the people very sick”
1583	EXO	32	35	wv1v			0	they had made the calf, the one that Aaron made	Even though Aaron made the calf, the people were also guilty because they told Aaron to do it. Alternate translation: “they told Aaron to make the calf”
1584	EXO	33	intro	g5k3			0		Exodus 33 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Covenant While the covenants Yahweh made may not be conditioned upon the obedience of Israel, it is clear that their conquering of the Promised Land was conditioned on their obedience to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])
1585	EXO	33	1	p8xp			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses of his anger.
1586	EXO	33	3	yyt4	figs-metonymy		0	that land, which is flowing with milk and honey	The land was good for raising livestock and growing crops. See how you translated this in Exodus 3:8. Alternate translation: “a land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1587	EXO	33	3	y347			0	flowing with	“full of” or “with an abundance of”
1588	EXO	33	3	ck4m	figs-metonymy		0	milk	Since milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock. Alternate translation: “food from livestock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1589	EXO	33	3	a4ct	figs-metonymy		0	honey	Since honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate translation: “food from crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1590	EXO	33	3	ah5t			0	a stubborn people	“people who refuse to change”
1591	EXO	33	4	cf7g			0	jewelry	beautiful clothing as well as chains and rings with jewels in them
1592	EXO	33	5	rzr5			0	a stubborn people	“people who refuse to change.” See how you translated this in Exodus 33:3.
1593	EXO	33	9	yt4f	figs-metaphor		0	the pillar of cloud	The cloud had the shape of a pillar. See how you translated this in Exodus 13:22. Alternate translation: “the cloud shaped like a pillar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1594	EXO	33	9	vam7	figs-explicit		0	would come down	Where it came down from can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “would come down from the sky” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1595	EXO	33	11	zrb8	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh would speak to Moses face to face	Speaking directly rather than through dreams and visions, is spoken of as if Moses and God saw each other’s faces while they spoke. Alternate translation: “Yahweh would speak directly to Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1596	EXO	33	11	ika8			0	young man	Joshua was old enough to be a soldier, but he was much younger than Moses
1597	EXO	33	12	unz8			0	See	“Look!” or “Listen!” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
1598	EXO	33	12	w7fs	figs-idiom		0	I know you by name	To know someone by name is to know them well. Alternate translation: “I know you well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1599	EXO	33	12	a7jr	figs-idiom		0	you have also found favor in my eyes	Here “found favor” is an idiom that means be approved of or that God is pleased with Moses. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing God’s evaluation. Alternate translation: “I have evaluated you and approve” or “I am pleased with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1600	EXO	33	13	e6vv	figs-idiom		0	Now if I have found favor in your eyes	Here “found favor” is an idiom that means be approved of or that God is pleased with Moses. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing God’s evaluation. Alternate translation: “Now If you are pleased with me” or “Now if you approve of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1601	EXO	33	13	zi7j			0	show me your ways	Possible meanings: (1) “show me what you are going to do in the future” or (2) “show me how people can do what pleases you.”
1602	EXO	33	14	gh8q	figs-metonymy		0	My own presence will go	God’s presence represents himself. Alternate translation: “I will go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1603	EXO	33	14	hl15	figs-you		0	go with you…give you	The word “you” here refers to Moses. It is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1604	EXO	33	14	hc5n			0	I will give you rest	“I will let you rest”
1605	EXO	33	16	d36k			0	For otherwise	“For if your presence does not go with us”
1606	EXO	33	16	tu8e	figs-activepassive		0	how will it be known	This can be expressed with an active form. Alternate translation: how will people know” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1607	EXO	33	16	cgl8	figs-rquestion		0	how will it be known…people?	Moses used this question in order to emphasize that if God does not go with them, no one will know that Moses had found favor in God’s sight. Alternate translation: “no one will know…people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1608	EXO	33	16	u82a			0	Will it not only be if	“Will it not only be known if”
1609	EXO	33	17	aln2	figs-you		0	General Information:	When Yahweh uses the word “you” in this verse, it is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1610	EXO	33	17	ln7y	figs-idiom		0	you have found favor in my eyes	Here “found favor” is an idiom that means that God is pleased with Moses. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing his evaluation. See how you translated this in Exodus 33:12. Alternate translation: “I am pleased with you” or “I approve of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1611	EXO	33	17	u2nv	figs-idiom		0	I know you by name	To know someone by name is to know them well. See how you translated this in Exodus 33:12. Alternate translation: “I know you well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1612	EXO	33	19	sx1a	figs-metonymy		0	I will make all my goodness pass before you	God speaks of walking past Moses so that Moses can see his goodness as if only his goodness would go past Moses. Alternate translation: “I will move past you so that you may see my goodness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1613	EXO	33	21	s4iy			0	See	“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.”
1614	EXO	33	23	fmu8			0	you will see my back	This is because Yahweh will be walking away from Moses.
1615	EXO	33	23	gw1n	figs-activepassive		0	but my face will not be seen	This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “but you will not see my face” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1616	EXO	34	intro	smp6			0		Exodus 34 General Notes Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter “He will bring the punishment for the fathers’ sin on their children” This phrase does not mean that a child is necessarily punished for the sins of their parents. Many scholars believe that this passage indicates that a parent’s sins will have consequences that will affect their children and grandchildren. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
1617	EXO	34	1	s1kv			0	tablets of stone	“flat slabs of stone.” See how you translated this in Exodus 31:18
1618	EXO	34	3	fk8z			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1619	EXO	34	3	ck6d	figs-metonymy		0	Do not let anyone else be seen anywhere on the mountain	Being seen doing something represents doing that. Alternate translation: “Do not let anyone else be anywhere on the mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1620	EXO	34	3	x3rx			0	No flocks or herds are even to graze in front of the mountain	“Even flocks or herds are not allowed to come near the mountain to eat.”
1621	EXO	34	5	sp7f			0	stood with Moses there	“stood with Moses on the mountain”
1622	EXO	34	5	r9ey	figs-metonymy		0	he pronounced the name “Yahweh.”	Possible meanings are (1) “he spoke the name ‘Yahweh.’” or (2) “he proclaimed who Yahweh is.” For the second meaning, “name” would represent who God is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1623	EXO	34	6	fz1q	figs-123person		0	Yahweh, Yahweh, God is merciful and gracious	God is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, am God, and I am merciful and gracious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
1624	EXO	34	6	e1k3			0	abounding in covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness	“always showing covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness”
1625	EXO	34	6	j7we	figs-abstractnouns		0	abounding in covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness	The abstract nouns “faithfulness” and “trustworthiness” can be stated as “faithful” and “trustworthy.” Alternate translation: “always being faithful to my covenant and always being trustworthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1626	EXO	34	7	lt2j	figs-abstractnouns		0	keeping covenant faithfulness for thousands of generations	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” See how you translated a similar phrase in Exodus 20:6. Alternate translation: “faithfully loving thousands of generations” or “faithful to his covenant with thousands of generation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1627	EXO	34	7	q7z8	figs-123person		0	But he will	Yahweh is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: “But I will” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
1628	EXO	34	7	x397	figs-123person		0	he will by no means clear the guilty	Yahweh is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: “I will by no means clear the guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
1629	EXO	34	7	ts1b			0	will by no means clear the guilty	“will certainly not clear the guilty” or “will certainly not say that the guilty are innocent” or “will certainly not free guilty people”
1630	EXO	34	7	px85	figs-metaphor		0	He will bring the punishment for the fathers’ sin on their children	Punishing people is spoken of as if punishment were an object that someone could bring on people. Alternate translation: “He will punish the children for their fathers’ sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1631	EXO	34	7	c3tb	figs-metonymy		0	their children	The word “children” represents descendants. Alternate translation: “their descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1632	EXO	34	9	mh3a	figs-idiom		0	If now I have found favor in your eyes	Here “found favor” is an idiom that means be approved of or that God is pleased with Moses. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing his evaluation. See how you translated this in Exodus 33:12. Alternate translation: “Now If you are pleased with me” or “Now if you approve of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1633	EXO	34	9	hw66	figs-doublet		0	our iniquity and our sin	The words “iniquity” and “sin” mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. Alternate translation: “all our sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1634	EXO	34	9	n6e5	figs-metaphor		0	take us as your inheritance	Something that someone possesses forever is spoken of as if it were something that they had inherited. Alternate translation: “take us as the people that you possess forever” or “accept us as the people who belong to you forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1635	EXO	34	10	zdq6	figs-you		0	your people	Here “your” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1636	EXO	34	10	bj1a	figs-idiom		0	it is a fearful thing that I am doing with you	A fearful thing is a thing that causes people to be afraid. In this case, people will fear God when they see what he does. Alternate translation: “what I do for you will cause people to fear me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1637	EXO	34	10	s7uz	figs-you		0	I am doing with you	Here “you” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1638	EXO	34	12	b459			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. Here he tells him what Moses and the people must do.
1639	EXO	34	12	lxz8	figs-metaphor		0	they will become a trap among you	People who tempt others to sin are spoken of as if they were a trap. Alternate translation: “they will tempt you to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1640	EXO	34	14	vmx2	figs-metonymy		0	Yahweh, whose name is Jealous	The word “Jealous” here means that God is concerned to keep his honor. If his people worship other gods, he loses honor, because when his people do not honor him, other people also will not honor him. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, always guard my honor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1641	EXO	34	14	s5sd	figs-metonymy		0	whose name is Jealous,	The word “name” here represents God’s character. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, who am always jealous” or “I, Yahweh, am always jealous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1642	EXO	34	15	f1e3			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses how his people are to behave towards outsiders.
1643	EXO	34	15	gtd8	figs-metaphor		0	for they prostitute themselves to their gods	God speaks of people worshiping other gods as if they were prostitutes going to other men. Alternate translation: “for they worship other gods” or “because they worship other gods like prostitutes who go to other men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1644	EXO	34	15	bj2i	figs-explicit		0	you will eat some of his sacrifice	The consequence of eating food that is sacrificed to another god can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “you will eat some of his sacrifice and become guilty of worshiping his gods” or “and you will prostitute yourself to his god by eating some of his sacrifice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1645	EXO	34	18	s1rr			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1646	EXO	34	18	u5be	translate-numbers		0	seven days	“7 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1647	EXO	34	18	i5ck	translate-hebrewmonths		0	in the month of Aviv	This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Aviv is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. See how you translated “Aviv” in Exodus 13:4. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1648	EXO	34	19	ly7d			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1649	EXO	34	20	yz8x			0	buy back	Firstborn sons and firstborn donkeys belonged to Yahweh, but Yahweh did not want them sacrificed to Him. Instead, the Israelites were to sacrifice a lamb in their place. This allowed the Israelites to buy the donkeys and sons back from Yahweh.
1650	EXO	34	20	u2p5	figs-metonymy		0	No one may appear before me empty-handed	God speaks of the offering as if the person was to carry it in his hands. Alternate translation: “No one may come to me without an offering” or “Everyone who comes to me must bring me an offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1651	EXO	34	21	w9ed			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1652	EXO	34	21	swm8			0	Even at plowing time and in harvest	“Even when you are preparing the soil or gathering the crops”
1653	EXO	34	22	d13l			0	Festival of Ingathering	This festival was also known as the Festival of Shelters or the Festival of Booths. The idea came from the practice of the farmers living in temporary booths, or huts, out in the fields to guard the crop as it ripened. The word “Ingathering” means when they harvest their crop.
1654	EXO	34	23	zh58			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1655	EXO	34	25	zx2v			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1656	EXO	34	25	e8v2	figs-explicit		0	the blood of my sacrifice	The fact that the blood is from an animal can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the blood of an animal that you sacrifice to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1657	EXO	34	25	k2f7	figs-explicit		0	with any yeast	The fact that any yeast would be in bread can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “with bread that has yeast in it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1658	EXO	34	28	mm6l			0	Moses was there	“Moses was on the mountain”
1659	EXO	34	28	j9t4	translate-numbers		0	forty days	“40 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1660	EXO	34	28	wt1c			0	for forty days and nights	“for forty days, both day and night”
1661	EXO	34	28	yun2			0	He wrote	“Moses wrote”
1662	EXO	34	29	d9zk			0	had become radiant	“had started to shine”
1663	EXO	34	31	jfb4			0	came up to him	“approached him” or “went to him.” They did not go up the mountain.
1664	EXO	34	32	kt23	figs-metaphor		0	all the commands that Yahweh had given him	Telling commands is spoken of as if the commands were objects that could be given. Alternate translation: “all the commands that Yahweh had told him” or “everything that Yahweh had commanded them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1665	EXO	34	34	fzm1			0	he would remove	“Moses would remove”
1666	EXO	34	34	m1sv	figs-activepassive		0	what he was commanded	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh had commanded him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1667	EXO	35	intro	lew9			0		Exodus 35 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Sacrifice All of the people offered sacrifices to Yahweh. This was a form of worship and a sign of repentance from making the golden calf idol. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/worship]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
1668	EXO	35	2	c559	translate-ordinal		0	the seventh day	“day number seven” or “Saturday” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
1669	EXO	35	2	zij9	figs-activepassive		0	Whoever does any work on that day must be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must kill anyone who does work on that day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1670	EXO	35	4	jdb8			0	General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in Exodus 25:3-7.
1671	EXO	35	5	h5c8			0	General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in Exodus 25:3-7.
1672	EXO	35	5	n2c8			0	Take an offering for Yahweh	“Take up a collection for Yahweh”
1673	EXO	35	5	y2x6	figs-synecdoche		0	all of you who have a willing heart	Here “heart” refers to the person bringing the offering. Alternate translation: “everyone who is willing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1674	EXO	35	6	r12v			0	General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in Exodus 25:3-7.
1675	EXO	35	7	nmv4			0	General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in Exodus 25:3-7.
1676	EXO	35	7	l5bq			0	ram skins dyed red and fine leather hides	See how you translated similar phrases in Exodus 25:5.
1677	EXO	35	8	ikm4			0	General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in Exodus 25:3-7.
1678	EXO	35	9	f1dd			0	General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in Exodus 25:3-7.
1679	EXO	35	10	c31r			0	General Information:	Moses continues telling the people what God commanded them to do.
1680	EXO	35	10	dc4b			0	Every skilled man	“Every man with a skill”
1681	EXO	35	11	j5t7			0	clasps	The clasps fit into the loops to hold the curtains together. See how you translated these in Exodus 26:6.
1682	EXO	35	11	syn4			0	bases	These are heavy objects that rest on the ground and keep the object attached to them from moving. See how you translated this in Exodus 25:31.
1683	EXO	35	12	rj7s			0	atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in Exodus 25:17.
1684	EXO	35	13	x3tl			0	They brought	“The people of Israel brought”
1685	EXO	35	13	l641			0	bread of the presence	This bread represented the presence of God. See how you translated this in Exodus 25:30.
1686	EXO	35	16	h116			0	bronze grate	This is a frame of crossed bronze bars for holding wood when burning. See how you translated “grate” in Exodus 27:4.
1687	EXO	35	17	h8zl			0	hangings	These were large curtains made of cloth. See how you translated this in Exodus 26:36.
1688	EXO	35	17	x54f			0	posts	These were strong pieces of wood set upright and used as supports. See how you translated these in Exodus 27:10.
1689	EXO	35	17	xtm8			0	bases	These were blocks that had a slot in them to keep the board in place. See how you translated this in Exodus 26:19.
1690	EXO	35	18	n44r			0	tent pegs	sharp pieces of wood or metal used to secure the corners of a tent to the ground. See how you translated this in Exodus 27:19.
1691	EXO	35	19	x1pc			0	finely-woven garments	This was clothing made from narrow linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in Exodus 28:8.
1692	EXO	35	20	w6rg	figs-metonymy		0	all the tribes of Israel	This refers to the people in the tribes. Alternate translation: “the people from all the tribes of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1693	EXO	35	21	b9wk	figs-synecdoche		0	whose heart stirred him up	Here “heart” refers to the person. The heart that responded to God is spoken of as if it were water stirred up by a storm. Alternate translation: “who responded to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1694	EXO	35	21	be9z	figs-synecdoche		0	whom his spirit made willing	Here “spirit” refers to the person. Alternate translation: “who was willing” or “who wanted to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1695	EXO	35	22	mwx8	figs-synecdoche		0	all who had a willing heart	Here “heart” refers to the person. Alternate translation: “everyone who was willing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1696	EXO	35	22	wwp2			0	brooches, earrings, rings, and ornaments	These are different kinds of jewelry.
1697	EXO	35	23	s3ky			0	Everyone who had…brought them	For 35:23 see how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:4-5.
1698	EXO	35	25	ebm5			0	blue, purple, or scarlet wool	Possible meanings are (1) “material that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet,” probably wool yarn, or (2) “blue, purple and scarlet dye” to dye the linen. See how you translated a similar phrase in Exodus 25:4.
1699	EXO	35	26	k1gy	figs-synecdoche		0	whose hearts stirred them up	Here “hearts” refers to the women. The hearts of the women who responded to God are spoken of as if they were water stirred up by a storm. Alternate translation: “who responded to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1700	EXO	35	27	f13n			0	The leaders brought…breastpiece	For 35:27 see how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:7.
1701	EXO	35	28	h3a1			0	they brought spices…fragrant incense	For 35:28 see how you translated many similar words in Exodus 25:6
1702	EXO	35	29	li5z	figs-synecdoche		0	whose heart was willing	Here “heart” refers to the people. Alternate translation: “who was willing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1703	EXO	35	30	z1e2			0	Bezalel son of Uri son of Hur, from the tribe of Judah	See how you translated this in Exodus 31:2
1704	EXO	35	31	gse9	figs-metaphor		0	He has filled Bezalel with his Spirit	God’s Spirit who gave Bezalel the ability to work is spoken of here as if he was something that filled up Bezalel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1705	EXO	35	31	zd74			0	filled Bezalel…craftsmanship	See how you translated many similar words in Exodus 31:3
1706	EXO	35	32	r7e3			0	to make artistic designs…bronze	See how you translated many similar words in Exodus 31:4
1707	EXO	35	33	fj6f			0	also to cut and set stones…craftsmanship	See how you translated many similar words in Exodus 31:5
1708	EXO	35	34	a1r8			0	General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people.
1709	EXO	35	34	xd67	figs-synecdoche		0	He has put it in his heart to teach	Here “heart” refers to Bezalel. The ability to teach is spoken of as if it something that could be placed in a heart. Alternate translation: “He gave Bezalel the ability to teach” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1710	EXO	35	34	ab2z	translate-names		0	Oholiab son of Ahisamak, from the tribe of Dan	“Oholiab” and “Ahisamak” are names of men. See how you translated these names in Exodus 31:6. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1711	EXO	35	35	rcv9	figs-metaphor		0	filled them with skill	Skill to create beautiful objects is spoken of as if it was something that could fill up a person. Alternate translation: “made them very skillful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1712	EXO	35	35	me14			0	engravers	a person who cuts designs into a hard material such as wood, stone, or metal
1713	EXO	35	35	u7tf			0	embroiderers	people who sew designs into cloth
1714	EXO	35	35	r8zk			0	craftsmen	people who are skilled in making beautiful objects by hand
1715	EXO	35	35	cw3x			0	weavers	a person who creates cloth using thread
1716	EXO	35	35	a6c3			0	artistic designers	a person who creates beauty with materials
1717	EXO	36	intro	nz4n			0		Exodus 36 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Tent of meeting The tent of meeting, or tabernacle, mentioned in previous chapters is constructed in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])
1718	EXO	36	1	ubk2			0	General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people.
1719	EXO	36	1	ds99	translate-names		0	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Exodus 31:2. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1720	EXO	36	1	tl5b	translate-names		0	Oholiab	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Exodus 31:6. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1721	EXO	36	1	tr3p	figs-metaphor		0	to whom Yahweh has given skill and ability	Here skill and ability are spoken of as if they are something that Yahweh can place inside a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1722	EXO	36	1	mdi4			0	according to all that Yahweh has commanded	“just as Yahweh has commanded”
1723	EXO	36	2	tgn2	translate-names		0	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Exodus 31:2. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1724	EXO	36	2	wq6q	translate-names		0	Oholiab	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Exodus 31:6. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1725	EXO	36	2	tda7	figs-synecdoche		0	in whose mind Yahweh had given skill	Here “mind” refers to the person who was made skillful by Yahweh. Alternate translation: “to whom Yahweh had given skill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1726	EXO	36	2	yuq8	figs-synecdoche		0	whose heart stirred within him	Here “heart” refers to the person. The heart that responded to God is spoken of as if it were water stirred up by a storm. Alternate translation: “who responded to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1727	EXO	36	5	tni7	figs-quotations		0	The craftsmen told Moses…commanded us to do.”	The can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “The craftsmen told Moses that the people were bringing much more than enough for doing the work that Yahweh has commanded them to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
1728	EXO	36	5	pd95			0	The craftsmen told Moses	“The men working on the sanctuary told Moses”
1729	EXO	36	8	kw33			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:1.
1730	EXO	36	8	l7ub			0	ten curtains made from fine linen	These curtains are sheets of cloth woven and sewed together so that they can hang to form a wall or tent.
1731	EXO	36	8	s2hu	translate-names		0	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Exodus 31:2. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1732	EXO	36	9	p2mr			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:2.
1733	EXO	36	10	z6sq			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:3.
1734	EXO	36	11	yw91			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:4.
1735	EXO	36	11	qh6e			0	He made	Here “he” refers to Bezalel, but it includes all the men working on the sanctuary.
1736	EXO	36	11	y7vq			0	loops of blue	loops of blue cloth
1737	EXO	36	11	i4ba			0	curtain	These were large, heavy sections of woven cloth that were used to form the covering and dividing walls of the tabernacle. See how you translated this in Exodus 26:1.
1738	EXO	36	12	k1qq			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:5.
1739	EXO	36	13	z2zi			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:6.
1740	EXO	36	13	j75x	translate-numbers		0	fifty gold clasps	“50 gold clasps” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1741	EXO	36	14	m2ac			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:7.
1742	EXO	36	14	us17	translate-numbers		0	made eleven	“made 11” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1743	EXO	36	15	fa6i			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:8.
1744	EXO	36	15	ret8	translate-numbers		0	thirty cubits	“30 cubits” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1745	EXO	36	16	wwj6			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:9.
1746	EXO	36	17	qt9b			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:10.
1747	EXO	36	17	jm1l	translate-numbers		0	fifty loops	“50 loops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1748	EXO	36	18	mq1j			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:11.
1749	EXO	36	18	a7mn	translate-numbers		0	fifty bronze clasps	“50 bronze clasps” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1750	EXO	36	19	p3ke			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:14.
1751	EXO	36	20	t739			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:15.
1752	EXO	36	21	prx5			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:16.
1753	EXO	36	21	gci3	translate-bdistance		0	ten cubits…one and a half cubits	“10 cubits…1.5 cubits” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1754	EXO	36	22	l8yx			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:17.
1755	EXO	36	22	vq4m			0	two wooden pegs for joining	A wooden peg is a small piece of wood sticking out beyond the end of the board so it can be secured.
1756	EXO	36	23	ev65			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:18.
1757	EXO	36	24	ln2x			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:19.
1758	EXO	36	24	u5ue	translate-numbers		0	forty silver bases	“40 silver bases” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1759	EXO	36	24	yx4b	translate-numbers		0	twenty frames	“20 frames” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1760	EXO	36	25	w2wz			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:20.
1761	EXO	36	26	gbm9			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:21.
1762	EXO	36	26	b9dy			0	and so on	There will be two bases under each and every frame.
1763	EXO	36	27	a7js			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:22.
1764	EXO	36	27	m6ue			0	on the west	on the side that is on the west
1765	EXO	36	28	hw9c			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:23.
1766	EXO	36	28	ma1f			0	for the back corners	for the corners at the rear of the tabernacle
1767	EXO	36	29	u396			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:24.
1768	EXO	36	30	mu5n			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:25.
1769	EXO	36	30	zls4	translate-numbers		0	sixteen bases in all	“16 bases in all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1770	EXO	36	30	r252			0	and so on	There will be two bases under each and every frame.
1771	EXO	36	31	cf2p			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:26.
1772	EXO	36	32	p4wd			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:27.
1773	EXO	36	32	tc6s			0	to the west	on the west side
1774	EXO	36	33	h94y			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:28.
1775	EXO	36	33	lk9f			0	from end to end	from one side of the tabernacle to the other side
1776	EXO	36	34	i17v			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:29.
1777	EXO	36	35	pfc5			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:31.
1778	EXO	36	36	hg2q			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:32.
1779	EXO	36	37	r5ya			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:36.
1780	EXO	36	37	vv61			0	He made	Here “he” refers to Bezalel and those working for him. “Bezalel and his men made”
1781	EXO	36	37	neu2			0	a hanging	a curtain
1782	EXO	36	38	pr67			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 26:37.
1783	EXO	37	intro	mt99			0		Exodus 37 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter The ark of the covenant The ark, mentioned in previous chapters, is constructed in this chapter. There are other furnishings of the tabernacle that are also produced in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])
1784	EXO	37	1	byr3			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:10.
1785	EXO	37	1	xz1t	translate-names		0	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Exodus 31:2. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1786	EXO	37	1	ps6e	translate-bdistance		0	two and a half cubits…one cubit and a half	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.5 cubits…1.5 cubits” or “115 centimeters…69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1787	EXO	37	2	kb3s			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:11.
1788	EXO	37	3	pb6v			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:12.
1789	EXO	37	3	ut8d	figs-metaphor		0	its four feet	These four pieces of wood that supported the ark are spoken of as if they were human or animal feet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1790	EXO	37	4	nr8y			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:13.
1791	EXO	37	4	n9kr			0	He made	Though “he” refers to Bezalel, “he” may include all of the workers who assisted him.
1792	EXO	37	5	v9j7			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:14.
1793	EXO	37	6	liw8			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:17.
1794	EXO	37	6	ba8a	translate-bdistance		0	two and a half cubits…one and a half cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.5 cubits…1.5 cubits” or “115 centimeters…69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1795	EXO	37	7	nhi3			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:18.
1796	EXO	37	8	g96y			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:19.
1797	EXO	37	8	y13s	figs-activepassive		0	They were made as one piece	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He made them as one piece” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1798	EXO	37	9	e6na			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:20.
1799	EXO	37	9	r7nm	figs-personification		0	The cherubim spread out their wings upward and overshadowed	Bezalel placed the statues of the cherubim as if they were real cherubim which were spreading their wings and overshadowing the atonement lid. Alternate translation: “They placed the winged creatures so that their wings touched each other and spread out over” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1800	EXO	37	9	zsq1			0	The cherubim faced one another and looked toward	“The faces of the cherubim were towards each other, and they looked toward”
1801	EXO	37	10	ktf8			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:23.
1802	EXO	37	10	fnt3	translate-bdistance		0	two cubits…one cubit…one and a half cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2 cubits…1 cubit…1.5 cubits” or “92 centimeters…46 centimeters…69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1803	EXO	37	11	l2kv			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:24.
1804	EXO	37	12	i1ba			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:25.
1805	EXO	37	12	j4iq	translate-bdistance		0	handbreadth	This was the width of a man’s hand with fingers spread out. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1806	EXO	37	13	b56c			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:26.
1807	EXO	37	13	k69z	figs-metaphor		0	the four feet	These four pieces of wood that supported the ark are spoken of as if they were human or animal feet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1808	EXO	37	14	tc3u			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:27.
1809	EXO	37	14	b3ma	figs-activepassive		0	The rings were attached	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Bezalel attached the rings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1810	EXO	37	15	zkr8			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:28.
1811	EXO	37	16	h598			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:29.
1812	EXO	37	16	ui2r	figs-explicit		0	dishes, spoons, the bowls, and pitchers to be used to pour out the offerings	It is only the bowls and pitchers that are used to pour out the offerings. Alternate translation: “plates and cups, and also the jars and bowls which the priests will use for pouring out the offerings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1813	EXO	37	17	edx6			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:31.
1814	EXO	37	17	wp6l			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1815	EXO	37	17	s977	figs-activepassive		0	Its cups, its leafy bases, and its flowers were all made of one piece with it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He made the cups, its leafy bases, and its flowers as one piece with the lampstand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1816	EXO	37	18	kuh2			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:32.
1817	EXO	37	19	g1y9			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:33.
1818	EXO	37	19	j6vz	figs-activepassive		0	three cups made like almond blossoms	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he made the 3 cups look like almond blossoms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1819	EXO	37	19	cbe6			0	almond blossoms	An almond blossom is a white or pink flower with five petals that grows on an almond tree.
1820	EXO	37	20	nl54			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:34.
1821	EXO	37	20	bx63	figs-activepassive		0	there were four cups made like almond blossoms	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “there were 4 cups which Bezalel made to look like almond blossoms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1822	EXO	37	21	x1u5			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:35.
1823	EXO	37	21	v3c2	figs-activepassive		0	made as one piece with it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which he made as one piece with the lampstand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1824	EXO	37	22	ks9z			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:36.
1825	EXO	37	23	b2jq			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:37-38.
1826	EXO	37	23	r4y1			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1827	EXO	37	23	njx7			0	tongs	This is a tool made from two sticks of wood or metal connected at one end and used for picking up objects.
1828	EXO	37	24	uz5h			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 25:39.
1829	EXO	37	24	arz1	translate-bweight		0	one talent	“33 kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1830	EXO	37	25	el8w			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 30:1-2.
1831	EXO	37	25	li9d			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1832	EXO	37	25	c8mg	translate-bdistance		0	cubit	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1833	EXO	37	25	xq8k	figs-activepassive		0	Its horns were made as one piece with it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He made the horns as one piece with the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1834	EXO	37	26	ep66			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 30:3.
1835	EXO	37	27	zez2			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 30:4.
1836	EXO	37	27	d2v9			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1837	EXO	37	27	p89d	figs-activepassive		0	to be attached to it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which they attached to the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1838	EXO	37	28	hw37			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 30:5.
1839	EXO	37	29	c992			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 30:25.
1840	EXO	37	29	z685			0	fragrant incense	See how you translated this in Exodus 25:6.
1841	EXO	37	29	akg9			0	the work of a perfumer	A perfumer is skilled in mixing spices and oils.
1842	EXO	38	intro	hp86			0		Exodus 38 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter The altar The altar is constructed in this chapter. There are other furnishings of the tabernacle that are also produced in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]]) Materials The list of materials being used is intended to give the reader an understanding of the scale of the tabernacle. It should fill the reader with awe concerning the power of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1843	EXO	38	1	r81c			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:1.
1844	EXO	38	1	gk19			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1845	EXO	38	1	g5ex	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	One cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1846	EXO	38	2	g71x			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:2.
1847	EXO	38	2	se9l	figs-activepassive		0	The horns were made of one piece	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He made the horns as one piece” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1848	EXO	38	3	v73t			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:3.
1849	EXO	38	4	rx7v			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:4 and Exodus 27:5.
1850	EXO	38	4	nb1q			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1851	EXO	38	4	g5rb	figs-activepassive		0	to be placed under the ledge	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which they placed under the ledge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1852	EXO	38	5	kp6w			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:4.
1853	EXO	38	6	l258			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:6.
1854	EXO	38	6	ihi9			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1855	EXO	38	7	ys63			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:7-8.
1856	EXO	38	7	wa8g			0	planks	a long, flat piece of wood that is thicker than a board
1857	EXO	38	8	tqi9			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1858	EXO	38	8	e6gd			0	large bronze basin with a bronze stand	The stand supported the bronze basin. See how you translated this in Exodus 30:18.
1859	EXO	38	8	mdx9	figs-explicit		0	He made the basin out of mirrors	The bronze came from the mirrors. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “The bronze for the basin came from the mirrors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1860	EXO	38	8	e1wq			0	mirrors	A mirror is a piece of polished metal or glass that reflects an image.
1861	EXO	38	9	clk6			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:9.
1862	EXO	38	9	j2nq			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1863	EXO	38	9	i24a	translate-numbers		0	one hundred	“100” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1864	EXO	38	9	su7e	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1865	EXO	38	10	nz6q			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:10.
1866	EXO	38	10	x9jn	translate-numbers		0	twenty	“20” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1867	EXO	38	11	mp6n			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:11.
1868	EXO	38	11	kl3h	translate-numbers		0	one hundred…twenty	“100…20” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1869	EXO	38	11	xl4c	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1870	EXO	38	12	g5iz			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:12.
1871	EXO	38	12	vuw5	translate-numbers		0	fifty…ten	“50…10” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1872	EXO	38	13	iju3			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:13.
1873	EXO	38	13	fw1k	translate-numbers		0	fifty	“50” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1874	EXO	38	13	jl57	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1875	EXO	38	14	n1xj			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:14.
1876	EXO	38	14	b85e	translate-numbers		0	fifteen…three	“15…3” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1877	EXO	38	15	dlq7			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:15.
1878	EXO	38	16	s5zf	figs-activepassive		0	All the hangings around the courtyard were made of fine linen	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Bezalel and the workers made all the hangings around the courtyard with fine linen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1879	EXO	38	17	s5g5			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:17.
1880	EXO	38	17	r7g6	figs-activepassive		0	The bases for the posts were made of bronze	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Bezalel and the workers made the bases for the posts out of bronze” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1881	EXO	38	17	va1m	figs-activepassive		0	The hooks and rods for the posts were made of silver, and the covering for the tops of the posts was also made of silver	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They made the hooks, the rods for the posts, and the covering for the tops of the posts out of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1882	EXO	38	17	i3bf	figs-activepassive		0	All the courtyard posts were covered with silver	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They covered the courtyard posts with silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1883	EXO	38	18	hmi5			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:16.
1884	EXO	38	18	h4ki	translate-numbers		0	twenty…five	“20…5” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1885	EXO	38	18	yf6z	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1886	EXO	38	18	trz5	figs-activepassive		0	The curtain was made of	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They made the curtain out of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1887	EXO	38	19	fjw4			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:17.
1888	EXO	38	19	kqf3	translate-numbers		0	four	“4” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1889	EXO	38	19	a2ix	figs-activepassive		0	The covering for their tops and its rods were made of silver	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They made the covering for the tops of the posts and their rods out of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1890	EXO	38	20	ye5c			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 27:19.
1891	EXO	38	20	p55d	figs-activepassive		0	All the tent pegs for the tabernacle and courtyard were made of bronze	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They made all of the tent pegs for the tabernacle and courtyard out of bronze” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1892	EXO	38	21	wqi5			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1893	EXO	38	21	k2ex	figs-activepassive		0	as it was taken	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which Moses instructed the Levites to write down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1894	EXO	38	21	ex1t	translate-names		0	Ithamar	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in Exodus 6:23. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1895	EXO	38	22	d86g	translate-names		0	Bezalel son of Uri son of Hur	“Bezalel” and “uri” are the name of men. See how you translated this in Exodus 31:2. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1896	EXO	38	22	i4ha			0	Yahweh had commanded Moses	“everything that Yahweh told Moses to do”
1897	EXO	38	23	f93b	translate-names		0	Oholiab son of Ahisamak	“Oholiab” and “Ahisamak” are names of men. See how you translated this in Exodus 31:6. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1898	EXO	38	23	wvw4			0	an engraver, as a skillful workman, and as an embroiderer	“as a skilled engraver and embroiderer”
1899	EXO	38	24	tl4k	figs-activepassive		0	All the gold that was used for the project	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “All the gold that the people used for the project” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1900	EXO	38	24	y7hy	translate-numbers		0	twenty-nine talents	A talent is about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “29 talents” or “about 960 kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1901	EXO	38	24	tg3f	translate-numbers		0	730 shekels	A shekel is 11 grams. Alternate translation: “seven hundred and thirty shekels” or “about 8 kilograms.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1902	EXO	38	24	f6sq	translate-bweight		0	measured by the standard of the sanctuary shekel	There were evidently shekels of more than one weight at the time. This specified which one was to be used. See how you translated this in Exodus 30:13. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1903	EXO	38	25	ni5b	translate-numbers		0	one hundred talents	A talent is about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “100 talents” or “about 330 kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1904	EXO	38	25	gn9f	translate-numbers		0	1,775 shekels	A shekel is 11 grams. “one thousand seven hundred and seventy-five shekels” or “about 20 kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1905	EXO	38	25	egg4	figs-activepassive		0	The silver given by the community	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The silver which the community gave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1906	EXO	38	26	t2gi	translate-bweight		0	one beka	A beka is 1/2 a shekel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1907	EXO	38	26	fyy5	translate-bweight		0	half a shekel	A shekel is 11 grams. Alternate translation: “1/2 a shekel” or “five and a half grams” or “5 1/2 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1908	EXO	38	26	ll8b			0	This figure was reached on the basis of every person who was counted in the census	Every man who was 20 years old or older was included in the census and was required to give half a shekel.
1909	EXO	38	26	c69c	translate-numbers		0	twenty years old	“20 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1910	EXO	38	27	p7r5	translate-bweight		0	One hundred talents of silver were cast	A talent is about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “The workers cast 100 talents of silver” or “The workers cast 3,300 kilograms of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1911	EXO	38	27	n8z7	translate-numbers		0	One hundred talents	“100 talents” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1912	EXO	38	28	k2fi	translate-numbers		0	1,775 shekels	“one thousand seven hundred and seventy-five shekels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1913	EXO	38	28	ii3y	translate-bmoney		0	shekels	A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
1914	EXO	38	28	nxf5	translate-names		0	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Exodus 31:2. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1915	EXO	38	29	p3mr	translate-numbers		0	seventy talents and 2,400 shekels	“70 talents and two thousand four hundred shekels.” This would be about 2,300 kilograms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1916	EXO	38	30	zfk8			0	General Information:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1917	EXO	38	30	rck7			0	grate	This is a frame of crossed bars for holding wood when burning. See how you translated this in Exodus 27:4.
1918	EXO	38	31	bvr9			0	tent pegs	These are sharp bronze stakes that were used to secure the corners of a tent to the ground. See how you translated this in Exodus 27:19.
1919	EXO	39	intro	mll6			0		Exodus 39 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter The holy clothing The special, holy clothing mentioned in previous chapters is produced in this chapter to the correct specifications. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
1920	EXO	39	1	s66r			0	General Information:	Bezalel’s work crew shifts to making the priestly garments.
1921	EXO	39	1	ys6l			0	they made	The word “they” refers to Bezalel, Oholiab, and the other workmen.
1922	EXO	39	1	h8kg			0	as Yahweh had commanded Moses	“just as Yahweh told Moses to do”
1923	EXO	39	2	b9mg			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:6.
1924	EXO	39	2	ain4			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1925	EXO	39	2	p5xy	translate-names		0	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Exodus 31:2. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1926	EXO	39	4	c7lu			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:7.
1927	EXO	39	4	pq62			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1928	EXO	39	5	g75w			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:8.
1929	EXO	39	5	wf2i	figs-activepassive		0	it was made of one piece with the ephod, made of fine twined linen	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they made it as one piece with the ephod with fine twisted linen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1930	EXO	39	5	cc56			0	as Yahweh had commanded Moses	“just as Yahweh told Moses to do.” See how you translated this phrase in Exodus 39:1.
1931	EXO	39	6	k7vw			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:9 and Exodus 28:11.
1932	EXO	39	6	h1bz			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1933	EXO	39	6	naa8			0	signet	This was an engraved stone that was used to stamp a design in a wax seal. See how you translated this in Exodus 28:11.
1934	EXO	39	6	ajh3	translate-numbers		0	twelve sons	“12 sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1935	EXO	39	7	ize6			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:12.
1936	EXO	39	7	d24m			0	as Yahweh had commanded Moses	“just as Yahweh told Moses to do.” See how you translated this phrase in Exodus 39:1.
1937	EXO	39	8	mlf6			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:15.
1938	EXO	39	8	gj9p			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1939	EXO	39	8	k7b6			0	He made	“Bezalel made” or “Bezalel and the workers made”
1940	EXO	39	9	lkt1			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:16.
1941	EXO	39	9	f4ms	translate-bdistance		0	span	A span is 23 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1942	EXO	39	10	xzb8			0	General Information:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1943	EXO	39	10	m54c			0	They set in it	“The workers set in the breastpiece”
1944	EXO	39	10	cmv1	translate-unknown		0	ruby, a topaz, and a garnet	Some languages may not have words for each of these stones. The important fact is that they were valuable and different from one another. See how you translated these in Exodus 28:17. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1945	EXO	39	11	qx96	translate-unknown		0	an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond	Some languages may not have words for each of these stones. The important fact is that they were valuable and different from one another. See how you translated these in Exodus 28:18. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1946	EXO	39	12	kk8t	translate-unknown		0	a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst	Some languages may not have words for each of these stones. The important fact is that they were valuable and different from one another. See how you translated these in Exodus 28:19. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1947	EXO	39	13	l9wa	translate-unknown		0	a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper	Some languages may not have words for each of these stones. The important fact is that they were valuable and different from one another. See how you translated these in Exodus 28:20. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1948	EXO	39	13	h3bw	figs-activepassive		0	The stones were mounted in gold settings	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They mounted the stones in gold settings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1949	EXO	39	14	z5va			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:21.
1950	EXO	39	14	a9bw			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1951	EXO	39	14	yby8	figs-activepassive		0	The stones were arranged	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The workers arranged the stones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1952	EXO	39	15	byz8			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:22.
1953	EXO	39	16	b8m6			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:23-24.
1954	EXO	39	17	w2s4			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:24.
1955	EXO	39	17	v4i5			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1956	EXO	39	17	lc2x			0	two braided chains	“chains that are made of pure gold and are braided like cords.” See how you translated this in Exodus 28:14.
1957	EXO	39	18	bw76			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:25.
1958	EXO	39	19	nd41			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:26.
1959	EXO	39	19	del5			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1960	EXO	39	20	w8wz			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:27.
1961	EXO	39	20	l1dz			0	finely-woven waistband	This was a cloth belt made from narrow linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in Exodus 28:8.
1962	EXO	39	21	zu91			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:28.
1963	EXO	39	21	uq61			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1964	EXO	39	21	h1yb	figs-activepassive		0	so that it might be attached	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so they could attach it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1965	EXO	39	21	scn8	figs-doublenegatives		0	the breastpiece might not become unattached from the ephod	The double negative can be translated as a positive. Alternate translation: “the breastpiece would stay attached to the ephod” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1966	EXO	39	22	vdw1			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:31-32.
1967	EXO	39	22	n25q			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1968	EXO	39	22	p8nv	translate-names		0	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Exodus 31:2. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1969	EXO	39	23	cyc1			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:32.
1970	EXO	39	24	eak6			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:33.
1971	EXO	39	25	sx9b			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:34-35.
1972	EXO	39	25	f8t3			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments as commanded in Exodus 28:34-35.
1973	EXO	39	25	x1ww			0	bells of pure gold	These were tiny bells.
1974	EXO	39	26	gtg5			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:34-35.
1975	EXO	39	27	pz63			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:39.
1976	EXO	39	27	rp6p			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1977	EXO	39	28	um4e			0	turban	This is a head covering worn by men made of a long strip of cloth wound around the head. See how you translated this in Exodus 28:4.
1978	EXO	39	28	jex8			0	headbands	A headband is a narrow, decorative strip of cloth that is worn around the head above the eyes. See how you translated this in Exodus 28:40.
1979	EXO	39	28	c4pr	figs-explicit		0	undergarments	This is clothing worn under the outer clothes, next to the skin. See how you translated this in Exodus 28:42. Alternate translation: “underwear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1980	EXO	39	29	hn5g			0	sash	This is a long piece of cloth worn over the shoulder or around the waist. See how you translated this word in Exodus 28:4
1981	EXO	39	30	kq33			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:36.
1982	EXO	39	30	m6jj			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments..
1983	EXO	39	30	d85k			0	holy crown	This was an engraved crown made of pure gold. See how you translated this in Exodus 29:6.
1984	EXO	39	31	fml2			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in Exodus 28:37.
1985	EXO	39	32	jh64			0	General Information:	The Israelites finish making the things Yahweh commanded in Exodus 35:4-9 and Exodus 35:10-12.
1986	EXO	39	32	z1z7	figs-doublet		0	So the work on the tabernacle, the tent of meeting, was finished. The people of Israel did everything	The “tabernacle” and “tent of meeting” are the same thing. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So the people of Israel finished all of the work on the tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1987	EXO	39	33	y9ym			0	clasps	The clasps fit into the loops to hold the curtains together. See how you translated these in Exodus 26:6.
1988	EXO	39	33	b3q3			0	bases	These are heavy objects that rest on the ground and keep the object attached to them from moving. See how you translated this in Exodus 25:31.
1989	EXO	39	34	z6r6			0	the covering of ram skins dyed red, the covering of fine leather	See how you translated similar phrases in this in Exodus 25:5.
1990	EXO	39	35	i7d9			0	atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in Exodus 25:17.
1991	EXO	39	36	lvq3			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to present all that they made to Moses.
1992	EXO	39	36	knn8			0	bread of the presence	This bread represented the presence of God. See how you translated this in Exodus 25:30.
1993	EXO	39	39	e755			0	grate	This is a frame of crossed bars that held wood while burning. See how you translated this in Exodus 27:4.
1994	EXO	39	40	i8lm			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to present all that they made to Moses.
1995	EXO	39	40	m3x9			0	They brought	“The people of Israel brought”
1996	EXO	39	40	ajt4			0	the tabernacle, the tent of meeting	These refer to the same place.
1997	EXO	39	42	ct6k			0	Thus the people	“And so the people”
1998	EXO	39	43	t26m			0	behold	The word “behold” here draws attention to the information that follows.
1999	EXO	39	43	z79s			0	As Yahweh had commanded, in that way they did it	“They did it in the way that Yahweh had commanded them”
2000	EXO	40	intro	fa6e			0		Exodus 40 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter is repetitive and should read as a series of instructions. It is repeated as well to show that Moses was obedient to every detail of Yahweh’s command. Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter “Yahweh’s glory filled the tabernacle” This phrase indicates that Yahweh began to dwell within the tabernacle, among Israel, in a special way. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])
2001	EXO	40	2	crr5	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the first day of the first month of the new year	The new year marks the time when God rescued his people from Egypt. This happens around the middle of March on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
2002	EXO	40	3	iv52			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
2003	EXO	40	3	l7fp			0	place the ark of the testimony in it	“place the ark of the covenant decrees in the sacred chest”
2004	EXO	40	3	psu3			0	shield the ark with the curtain	“put the ark behind the curtain”
2005	EXO	40	5	n4wx			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
2006	EXO	40	5	a4xe			0	ark of the testimony	This refers to the “sacred chest.”
2007	EXO	40	8	zfl6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
2008	EXO	40	9	ce7i			0	all its furnishings	“all the things that are a part of it”
2009	EXO	40	12	yiq8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
2010	EXO	40	12	j7ea			0	You are to bring	Moses will do these things himself.
2011	EXO	40	13	bs4j	figs-activepassive		0	that are set apart to me	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that you have set apart to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2012	EXO	40	14	w7yw			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
2013	EXO	40	15	js17			0	throughout their people’s generations	“through all the generations of their descendants.” See how you translated a similar phrase in Exodus 12:14.
2014	EXO	40	17	r6pc	figs-activepassive		0	So the tabernacle was set up	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So the people set up the tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2015	EXO	40	17	gzu5	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the first day of the first month	This refers to exactly one year after God rescued his people from Egypt. This happens around the middle of March on Western calendars. See how you translated this in Exodus 40:2. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
2016	EXO	40	17	wnh8	translate-ordinal		0	in the second year	This is the second year after Yahweh brought his people out of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
2017	EXO	40	18	kk4n	figs-explicit		0	Moses set up	Moses was the leader. The people helped him set up the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2018	EXO	40	18	c6rm			0	posts	a strong piece of wood set upright and used as a support
2019	EXO	40	21	l31p			0	He brought	Moses was the leader. He had workers helping him.
2020	EXO	40	21	n8r9			0	for it to shield	“in front of”
2021	EXO	40	24	sw1w	figs-explicit		0	He put the lampstand into the tent of meeting	Moses instructed his workers to move the lampstand. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “Moses’ workmen set the lampstand inside the sacred tent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2022	EXO	40	26	i5gg	figs-explicit		0	in front of the curtain	This curtain separated the holy place from the very holy place. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “in front of the curtain that separated the holy place from the very holy place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2023	EXO	40	31	bf9c	figs-explicit		0	washed their hands and their feet from the basin	They washed with water from the basin. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “washed their hands and their feet with water from the basin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2024	EXO	40	33	y62k		וַ⁠יְצַ֣ו	0	In this way	“And so”
2025	EXO	40	34	ysd8		כָּל־הַ⁠בֵּ֣ן הַ⁠יִּלּ֗וֹד הַ⁠יְאֹ֨רָ⁠ה֙ תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔⁠הוּ	0	Yahweh’s glory filled	“Yahweh’s awesome presence filled”
2026	EXO	40	36	ak35	figs-activepassive	לֵ⁠אמֹ֑ר כָּל־הַ⁠בֵּ֣ן הַ⁠יִּלּ֗וֹד הַ⁠יְאֹ֨רָ⁠ה֙ תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔⁠הוּ וְ⁠כָל־הַ⁠בַּ֖ת תְּחַיּֽוּ⁠ן	0	was taken up from over	saying, “You shall throw every new-born son into the river, but every daughter you shall let live.” - A single layer direct quote. While this particular instruction is very easy to rephrase as an indirect quote (in English), the use of saying in Hebrew suggests that this should be translated as a direct quotation if possible. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
2027	EXO	40	37	s8y2	figs-activepassive	תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔⁠הוּ תְּחַיּֽוּ⁠ן	0	that it was lifted up	you shall - These are plural referring to all Pharaoh’s people.