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dispute
AT: "disagreement" or "argument"
civil court
where a local, government judge considers cases and decides who is right
does he dare to go to the civil court before an unbelieving judge rather than before the saints?
Paul says that Christians must resolve disagreements among themselves. AT: "Do not bring your accusations against a fellow believer before an unbelieving judge. Fellow believers must resolve their disagreements among themselves." (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion)
Do you not know that the saints will judge the world?
Paul is referring the future aspect of judging this world. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion)
if you will judge the world, are you not able to settle unimportant matters?
Paul said that they will be given the responsibility and ability to judge the entire world in the future, so they should be able to judge lesser disputes among themselves now. AT: "You will judge the world in the future, so you can settle this matter now." (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion).
matters
"disputes" or "disagreements"
Do you not know that we will judge angels?
"You know that we will judge angels." (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion)
we
Paul includes himself and the Corinthians. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive)
How much more, then, can we not judge matters of this life?
AT: "Because we will be given the responsibility and ability to judge the angels, we can certainly judge matters in this life." (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion)