en_tn/en_tn_56-2TI.tsv

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42TI11dcr3figs-inclusive0General Information:
52TI11ha4lΠαῦλος1Paul

Your language may have a particular way of introducing the author of a letter. Also, immediately after introducing the author, you may need to tell to whom the letter is written, as in the UST.

62TI11vl2gδιὰ θελήματος Θεοῦ1through the will of God
72TI11e1lgκατ’1according to
82TI11m9kvfigs-metaphorζωῆς τῆς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ1of life that is in Christ Jesus
92TI12rp5uΤιμοθέῳ1to Timothy

Your language may have a particular way of introducing the person who receives a letter. Also, immediately after introducing the author, you may need to tell to whom the letter is written, as in the UST.

102TI12ey7gfigs-metaphorἀγαπητῷ τέκνῳ1beloved child
112TI12w43qχάρις, ἔλεος, εἰρήνη, ἀπὸ1Grace, mercy, and peace from
122TI12ub7cguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΘεοῦ Πατρὸς καὶ1God the Father and
132TI12yp2qΧριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν1Christ Jesus our Lord

Christ Jesus, who is our Lord

142TI13tvb7ᾧ λατρεύω ἀπὸ προγόνων1whom I serve from my forefathers

whom I serve as my ancestors did

152TI13ha9dfigs-metaphorἐν καθαρᾷ συνειδήσει1with a clean conscience
162TI13rz7sὡς ἀδιάλειπτον ἔχω τὴν περὶ σοῦ μνείαν1as I constantly remember you
172TI13pa6qfigs-merismνυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας1night and day
182TI14kk82figs-metonymyμεμνημένος σου τῶν δακρύων1I remember your tears
192TI14zc8sἐπιποθῶν σε ἰδεῖν1I long to see you

I want very much to see you

202TI14gu8cfigs-metaphorχαρᾶς πληρωθῶ1I may be filled with joy
212TI15rhs7figs-activepassiveὑπόμνησιν λαβὼν τῆς ἐν σοὶ1I have been reminded of your
222TI15buc3τῆς ἐν σοὶ ἀνυποκρίτου πίστεως1your genuine faith
232TI15vgz2figs-metaphorπίστεως, ἥτις ἐνῴκησεν πρῶτον ἐν τῇ μάμμῃ σου, Λωΐδι, καὶ τῇ μητρί σου, Εὐνίκῃ; πέπεισμαι δὲ ὅτι καὶ ἐν σοί1faith, which lived first in your grandmother Lois and your mother Eunice, and I am convinced that it lives in you also
242TI15l8wctranslate-namesΛωΐδι ... Εὐνίκῃ1Lois ... Eunice

These are names of women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

252TI16ngi30Connecting Statement:

Paul encourages Timothy to live in power, love, and discipline and not to be ashamed because of Paul's suffering in prison because of his (Paul's) faith in Christ.

262TI16j58kδι’ ἣν αἰτίαν1This is the reason
272TI16h6eqfigs-metaphorἀναζωπυρεῖν τὸ χάρισμα1to rekindle the gift
282TI16i977τὸ χάρισμα τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὅ ἐστιν ἐν σοὶ διὰ τῆς ἐπιθέσεως τῶν χειρῶν μου1the gift of God which is in you through the laying on of my hands
292TI17h1z3οὐ ... ἔδωκεν ἡμῖν ὁ Θεὸς πνεῦμα δειλίας, ἀλλὰ δυνάμεως, καὶ ἀγάπης, καὶ σωφρονισμοῦ1God did not give us a spirit of fear, but of power and love and discipline
302TI17k6g7σωφρονισμοῦ1discipline

Possible meanings are 1) the power to control ourselves or 2) the power to correct other people who are doing wrong.

312TI18fk9zτὸ μαρτύριον1of the testimony
322TI18blk9τὸν δέσμιον αὐτοῦ1his prisoner
332TI18ry82figs-metaphorσυνκακοπάθησον τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ1share in suffering for the gospel
342TI18hi9aτῷ εὐαγγελίῳ, κατὰ δύναμιν Θεοῦ1gospel according to the power of God

gospel, allowing God to make you strong

352TI19ld55κλήσει ἁγίᾳ1with a holy calling
362TI19ub31οὐ κατὰ τὰ ἔργα ἡμῶν1not according to our works

not because we did anything to deserve it

372TI19kyr5ἀλλὰ κατὰ ἰδίαν πρόθεσιν καὶ χάριν1but according to his own plan and grace

but because he planned to show us kindness

382TI19pq1zἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ1in Christ Jesus

through our relationship to Christ Jesus

392TI19zq7mπρὸ χρόνων αἰωνίων1before times ever began
402TI110h5e5figs-metaphorφανερωθεῖσαν δὲ νῦν, διὰ τῆς ἐπιφανείας τοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν, Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ1God's salvation has been revealed by the appearing of our Savior Christ Jesus
412TI110i7clfigs-metaphorκαταργήσαντος μὲν τὸν θάνατον1who put an end to death
422TI110i3wlfigs-metaphorφωτίσαντος δὲ ζωὴν καὶ ἀφθαρσίαν διὰ τοῦ εὐαγγελίου1brought life that never ends to light through the gospel
432TI111tb9bfigs-activepassiveἐτέθην ἐγὼ κῆρυξ1I was appointed a preacher
442TI112j37gδι’ ἣν αἰτίαν1For this cause

Because I am an apostle

452TI112y8l4καὶ ταῦτα πάσχω1I also suffer these things

Paul is referring to being a prisoner.

462TI112td39πέπεισμαι1I am persuaded

I am convinced

472TI112p6pifigs-metaphorτὴν παραθήκην μου φυλάξαι1to keep that which I have entrusted to him

Paul is using a metaphor of a person leaving something with another person who is supposed to protect it until he gives it back to the first person. Possible meanings are 1) Paul is trusting Jesus to help him remain faithful, or 2) Paul is trusting that Jesus will ensure that people continue spreading the gospel message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

482TI112qcu3figs-metonymyἐκείνην τὴν ἡμέραν1that day

This refers to the day when God judges all people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

492TI113h1qdὑποτύπωσιν ἔχε ὑγιαινόντων λόγων, ὧν παρ’ ἐμοῦ ἤκουσας1Keep the example of faithful messages that you heard from me
502TI113b2ldἐν πίστει καὶ ἀγάπῃ τῇ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ1with the faith and love that are in Christ Jesus

as you trust in Jesus Christ and love him

512TI114i5g5τὴν καλὴν παραθήκην1The good thing

This refers to the work of proclaiming the gospel correctly.

522TI114cb5qφύλαξον1guard it

Timothy needs to be alert because people will oppose his work, try to make him stop, and distort what he says.

532TI114a3v2διὰ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου1through the Holy Spirit

with the power of the Holy Spirit

542TI115p6f4figs-metaphorἀπεστράφησάν με1turned away from me
552TI115x6cctranslate-namesΦύγελος καὶ Ἑρμογένης1Phygelus and Hermogenes

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

562TI116e6hltranslate-namesὈνησιφόρου1Onesiphorus

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

572TI116zz44τῷ ... οἴκῳ1to the household

to the family

582TI116td1qfigs-metonymyτὴν ἅλυσίν μου οὐκ ἐπησχύνθη1was not ashamed of my chain
592TI118p3diδῴη( αὐτῷ ὁ Κύριος, εὑρεῖν ἔλεος παρὰ Κυρίου1May the Lord grant to him to find mercy from him
602TI118x2dkfigs-metaphorεὑρεῖν ἔλεος παρὰ Κυρίου1to find mercy from him

Paul speaks of mercy as if it were an object that could be found. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

612TI118f3epfigs-metonymyἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ1on that day

This refers to the day when God will judge all people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

622TI2introk3zn0

2 Timothy 02 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Some translations set words farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this with verses 11-13. Paul may be quoting a poem or hymn in these verses.

Special concepts in this chapter

We will reign with him

Faithful Christians will reign with Christ in the future. (See: rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful)

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Analogies

In this chapter, Paul makes several analogies to teach about living as a Christian. He uses analogies of soldiers, athletes, and farmers. Later in the chapter, he uses the analogy of different kinds of containers in a house.

632TI21t13s0Connecting Statement:

Paul pictures Timothy's Christian life as a soldier's life, as a farmer's life, and as an athlete's life.

642TI21bll5figs-metaphorτέκνον μου1my child
652TI21e6exfigs-metaphorἐνδυναμοῦ ἐν τῇ χάριτι τῇ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ1be strengthened in the grace that is in Christ Jesus
662TI22ig9vδιὰ πολλῶν μαρτύρων1among many witnesses

with many witnesses there to agree that what I said is true

672TI22kv1mfigs-metaphorταῦτα παράθου πιστοῖς ἀνθρώποις1entrust them to faithful people
682TI23yc1jσυνκακοπάθησον1Suffer hardship with me
692TI23juu2figs-simileὡς καλὸς στρατιώτης Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ1as a good soldier of Christ Jesus

Paul compares suffering for Christ Jesus to the suffering that a good soldier endures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

702TI24a4x7οὐδεὶς στρατευόμενος ἐμπλέκεται ταῖς τοῦ βίου πραγματίαις1No soldier serves while entangled in the affairs of this life
712TI24p7n5figs-metaphorἐμπλέκεται1while entangled

Paul speaks of this distraction as if it were a net that tripped people up as they were walking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

722TI24d2lgῷ στρατολογήσαντι1his superior officer
732TI25d483figs-explicitἀθλῇ τις, οὐ στεφανοῦται, ἐὰν μὴ νομίμως ἀθλήσῃ1as an athlete, he is not crowned unless he competes by the rules

Paul is implicitly speaking of Christ's servants as if they were athletes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

742TI25xbn6figs-activepassiveοὐ στεφανοῦται, ἐὰν μὴ νομίμως ἀθλήσῃ1he is not crowned unless he competes by the rules
752TI25lea8οὐ στεφανοῦται1he is not crowned
762TI25reg6νομίμως ἀθλήσῃ1competes by the rules
772TI26wz35figs-metaphorτὸν κοπιῶντα γεωργὸν δεῖ πρῶτον τῶν καρπῶν μεταλαμβάνειν1It is necessary that the hardworking farmer receive his share of the crops first

This is the third metaphor Paul gives Timothy about working. The reader should understand that Christ's servants need to work hard. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

782TI27bdk9νόει ὃ λέγω1Think about what I am saying

Paul gave Timothy word pictures, but he did not completely explain their meanings. He expected Timothy to figure out what he was saying about Christ's servants.

792TI27a22qἐν πᾶσιν1in everything

about everything

802TI28rp960Connecting Statement:

Paul gives Timothy instructions on how to live for Christ, how to suffer for Christ, and how to teach others to live for Christ.

812TI28mh1kfigs-metaphorἐκ σπέρματος Δαυείδ1from David's seed
822TI28wt31figs-activepassiveἐγηγερμένον ἐκ νεκρῶν1who was raised from the dead
832TI28s4vhfigs-metonymyκατὰ τὸ εὐαγγέλιόν μου1according to my gospel message
842TI29t2axfigs-metonymyμέχρι δεσμῶν ὡς κακοῦργος1to the point of being bound with chains as a criminal
852TI29pc6tfigs-metaphorὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ οὐ δέδεται1the word of God is not bound
862TI210aa1xfigs-activepassiveδιὰ τοὺς ἐκλεκτούς1for those who are chosen
872TI210j2bkfigs-metaphorσωτηρίας τύχωσιν τῆς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ1may obtain the salvation that is in Christ Jesus
882TI210el68μετὰ δόξης αἰωνίου1with eternal glory

and that they will be forever with him in the glorious place where he is

892TI211nr7uπιστὸς ὁ λόγος1This is a trustworthy saying

These are words you can trust

902TI211g6e4writing-poetryεἰ γὰρ συναπεθάνομεν, καὶ συνζήσομε1If we have died with him, we will also live with him

This is most likely the beginning of a song or poem that Paul is quoting. If your language has a way of indicating that this is poetry, you could use it here. If not, you could translate this as regular prose rather than poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])

912TI211in38συναπεθάνομεν1died with him

Paul uses this expression to mean that people share in Christ's death when they trust in him, deny their own wants, and obey him.

922TI213y1wjwriting-poetryεἰ ἀπιστοῦμεν ... ἀρνήσασθαι ... ἑαυτὸν οὐ δύναται1if we are unfaithful ... he cannot deny himself

This is most likely the end of a song or poem that Paul is quoting. If your language has a way of indicating that this is poetry you could use it here. If not, you could translate this as regular prose rather than poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])

932TI213ke4wεἰ ἀπιστοῦμεν1if we are unfaithful
942TI213ihd4ἀρνήσασθαι ... ἑαυτὸν οὐ δύναται1he cannot deny himself
952TI214u6610General Information:
962TI214r5lqfigs-metaphorἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ1before God
972TI214g6p7μὴ λογομαχεῖν1against quarreling about words
982TI214rke6ἐπ’ οὐδὲν χρήσιμον1it is of no value

this does not benefit anyone

992TI215m3vyσεαυτὸν, δόκιμον παραστῆσαι τῷ Θεῷ, ἐργάτην ἀνεπαίσχυντον1to present yourself to God as one approved, a worker who has no reason to be ashamed

to present yourself to God as a person who has proven to be worthy and with no cause for shame

1002TI215rj6yfigs-metaphorἐργάτην1a worker
1012TI215xgz9ὀρθοτομοῦντα τὸν λόγος τῆς ἀληθείας1accurately teaches the word of truth
1022TI216e27qfigs-metaphorἐπὶ πλεῖον ... προκόψουσιν ἀσεβείας1which leads to more and more godlessness
1032TI217i73tfigs-simileὁ λόγος αὐτῶν ὡς γάγγραινα νομὴν ἕξει1Their talk will spread like cancer
1042TI217x2k6translate-namesὙμέναιος, καὶ Φίλητος1Hymenaeus and Philetus

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1052TI218fi9zfigs-metaphorοἵτινες περὶ τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἠστόχησαν1who have gone astray from the truth
1062TI218pu22ἀνάστασιν ἤδη γεγονέναι1the resurrection has already happened

God has already raised dead believers to eternal life

1072TI218ura5ἀνατρέπουσιν τήν τινων πίστιν1they destroy the faith of some

they cause some people to stop believing

1082TI219zp5mfigs-metaphor0General Information:

Just as precious and common containers can be used for honorable ways in a wealthy house, any person who turns to God can be used by God in honorable ways in doing good works. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1092TI219ir1zfigs-metaphorὁ ... στερεὸς θεμέλιος τοῦ Θεοῦ ἕστηκεν1the firm foundation of God stands
1102TI219nd7tfigs-metonymyὁ ὀνομάζων τὸ ὄνομα Κυρίου1who names the name of the Lord
1112TI219y3bcfigs-metaphorἀποστήτω ἀπὸ ἀδικίας1depart from unrighteousness
1122TI220j75lfigs-metaphorσκεύη χρυσᾶ καὶ ἀργυρᾶ ... ξύλινα καὶ ὀστράκινα1containers of gold and silver ... containers of wood and clay
1132TI220mt5eτιμὴν ... ἀτιμίαν1honorable use ... dishonorable
1142TI221jm3pfigs-metaphorἐκκαθάρῃ ἑαυτὸν ἀπὸ τούτων1cleans himself from dishonorable use
1152TI221g79ffigs-metaphorἔσται σκεῦος εἰς τιμήν1he is an honorable container
1162TI221mh63figs-activepassiveἡγιασμένον εὔχρηστον τῷ Δεσπότῃ, εἰς πᾶν ἔργον ἀγαθὸν ἡτοιμασμένον1He is set apart, useful to the Master, and prepared for every good work
1172TI221nl5dfigs-metaphorἡγιασμένον1He is set apart
1182TI222h9p6figs-metaphorτὰς δὲ νεωτερικὰς ἐπιθυμίας φεῦγε1Flee youthful lusts
1192TI222srb7figs-metaphorδίωκε ... δικαιοσύνην1Pursue righteousness
1202TI222hg99μετὰ τῶν1with those

Possible meanings are 1) Paul wants Timothy to join with other believers in pursuing righteousness, faith, love, and peace, or 2) Paul wants Timothy to be at peace and not argue with other believers.

1212TI222gl3qfigs-idiomτῶν ἐπικαλουμένων τὸν Κύριον1those who call on the Lord
1222TI222b2tifigs-metaphorἐκ καθαρᾶς καρδίας1out of a clean heart
1232TI223tmf7figs-metonymyτὰς δὲ μωρὰς καὶ ἀπαιδεύτους ζητήσεις παραιτοῦ1refuse foolish and ignorant questions
1242TI223kh6pfigs-metaphorγεννῶσι μάχας1they give birth to arguments
1252TI225un9lἐν πραΰτητι1in meekness
1262TI225u6rpπαιδεύοντα τοὺς1educate those
1272TI225jt1rfigs-metaphorμήποτε δώῃ αὐτοῖς ὁ Θεὸς μετάνοιαν1God may perhaps give them repentance
1282TI225u8dyεἰς ἐπίγνωσιν ἀληθείας1for the knowledge of the truth

so that they will know the truth

1292TI226ef3qfigs-metaphorἀνανήψωσιν1They may become sober again
1302TI226mql8figs-metaphorἐκ τῆς τοῦ διαβόλου παγίδος1leave the devil's trap
1312TI226dj4jfigs-metaphorἐζωγρημένοι ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ, εἰς τὸ ἐκείνου θέλημα1after they have been captured by him for his will
1322TI3introk2cr0
1332TI31j97t0Connecting Statement:

Paul lets Timothy know that in the future people will stop believing the truth, but he should continuing trusting God's word even when he is persecuted.

1342TI31g65rἐν ἐσχάταις ἡμέραις1In the last days
1352TI31n7gsκαιροὶ χαλεποί1difficult times

These will be days, months, or even years when Christians will endure suffering and danger.

1362TI32jb27φίλαυτοι1lovers of themselves
1372TI33u3n7ἄστοργοι1without natural affection

not loving their own families

1382TI33r2uvἄσπονδοι1unable to reconcile
1392TI33ks9yἀφιλάγαθοι1not lovers of good
1402TI34dw5zπροπετεῖς1reckless

doing things either without thinking about what bad things could happen or even knowing that bad things could happen

1412TI34d6ngτετυφωμένοι1conceited

thinking they are better than other people

1422TI35k5dcfigs-metaphorἔχοντες μόρφωσιν εὐσεβείας, τὴν δὲ δύναμιν αὐτῆς ἠρνημένοι1They will have a shape of godliness, but they will deny its power
1432TI35tpe8ἔχοντες μόρφωσιν εὐσεβείας1have a shape of godliness
1442TI35xm1cfigs-metaphorτούτους ἀποτρέπου1Turn away from these people
1452TI36gu4bἐνδύνοντες εἰς τὰς οἰκίας, καὶ αἰχμαλωτίζοντες1enter into households and captivate

enter into houses and greatly influence

1462TI36u9m5γυναικάρια1foolish women
1472TI36e9exfigs-metaphorσεσωρευμένα ἁμαρτίαις1who are heaped up with sins
1482TI36izz9figs-metaphorἀγόμενα ἐπιθυμίαις ποικίλαις1are led away by various desires
1492TI38m6a70Connecting Statement:

Paul gives an example of two false teachers from the time of Moses and applies it to the way people will be. Paul encourages Timothy to follow his own example and stay in God's word.

1502TI38b8eltranslate-namesἸάννης καὶ Ἰαμβρῆς1Jannes and Jambres

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1512TI38tgn8figs-metaphorἀντέστησαν1stood against
1522TI38dc3zἀνθίστανται τῇ ἀληθείᾳ1stand against the truth

oppose the gospel of Jesus

1532TI38g4kkἄνθρωποι κατεφθαρμένοι τὸν νοῦν1They are men corrupt in mind
1542TI38pfh1ἀδόκιμοι περὶ τὴν πίστιν1and with regard to the faith they are proven to be false
1552TI39c6xxfigs-metaphorοὐ προκόψουσιν ἐπὶ πλεῖον1they will not advance very far
1562TI39mv4jἔκδηλος1obvious

something people can easily see

1572TI39z4fuἐκείνων1of those men

of Jannes and Jambres

1582TI310vw42figs-metaphorσὺ ... παρηκολούθησάς μου τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ1you have followed my teaching
1592TI310wma6μου τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ1my teaching

what I have taught you to do

1602TI310lq3vτῇ ἀγωγῇ1conduct

the way a person lives his life

1612TI310l4ppτῇ μακροθυμίᾳ1longsuffering

one person being patient with those people who do things of which he does not approve

1622TI311r9vkfigs-metaphorἐκ πάντων, με ἐρρύσατο ὁ Κύριος1Out of them all, the Lord rescued me

Paul speaks of God having stopped him from suffering these hardships and dangers as if God had carried him out of a physical location. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1632TI312ke7fζῆν εὐσεβῶς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ1to live in a godly manner in Christ Jesus

to live godly lives as followers of Jesus

1642TI312xm9lfigs-activepassiveδιωχθήσονται1will be persecuted
1652TI313s7f2γόητες1impostors

An imposter is a person who wants other people to think he is someone other, usually more important, than who he is.

1662TI313imc8προκόψουσιν ἐπὶ τὸ χεῖρον1will go from bad to worse

will become even more evil

1672TI313eyx5figs-metaphorπλανῶντες καὶ πλανώμενοι1leading others and themselves astray
1682TI314ytg9figs-metaphorμένε ἐν οἷς ἔμαθες1remain in the things that you have learned
1692TI315w9l5figs-personificationἱερὰ γράμματα οἶδας, τὰ δυνάμενά σε σοφίσαι εἰς σωτηρίαν διὰ πίστεως τῆς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ1the sacred writings. These are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus
1702TI316s274figs-activepassiveπᾶσα Γραφὴ θεόπνευστος1All scripture has been inspired by God
1712TI316uv35ὠφέλιμος1It is profitable
1722TI316vl2nπρὸς ἐλεγμόν1for conviction

for pointing out errors

1732TI316e5h9πρὸς ἐπανόρθωσιν1for correction

for fixing errors

1742TI316y1hfπρὸς παιδείαν τὴν ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ1for training in righteousness

for training people to be righteous

1752TI317nb12figs-gendernotationsὁ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἄνθρωπος1the man of God
1762TI317uu7iἄρτιος ᾖ ... ἐξηρτισμένος1may be competent, equipped

may be completely prepared

1772TI4introk2xa0
1782TI41t68n0Connecting Statement:

Paul continues to remind Timothy to be faithful and that he, Paul, is ready to die.

1792TI41cb15figs-explicitδιαμαρτύρομαι ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ1this solemn command before God and Christ Jesus
1802TI41eh3xδιαμαρτύρομαι ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ1solemn command

serious command

1812TI41u32gfigs-merismζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς1the living and the dead
1822TI41lwt2figs-metonymyνεκρούς, καὶ τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτοῦ1the dead, and because of his appearing and his kingdom
1832TI42j2z7figs-metonymyτὸν λόγον1the word
1842TI42zzh4figs-ellipsisἀκαίρως1when it is not
1852TI42g7axἔλεγξον1Reprove

tell someone he is guilty of doing wrong

1862TI42u1ycπαρακάλεσον, ἐν πάσῃ μακροθυμίᾳ καὶ διδαχῇ1exhort, with all patience and teaching

exhort, and teach the people, and always be patient with them

1872TI43jv7aἔσται γὰρ καιρὸς ὅτε1For the time will come when

Because at some time in the future

1882TI43ilx7ἀνέξονται1people

The context indicates that these will be people who are a part of the community of believers.

1892TI43u2ccτῆς ὑγιαινούσης διδασκαλίας οὐκ ἀνέξονται1will not endure sound teaching

will no longer want to listen to sound teaching

1902TI43fyl3τῆς ὑγιαινούσης διδασκαλίας1sound teaching

This means the teaching that is true and correct, according to God's word.

1912TI43e5t2figs-metaphorκατὰ τὰς ἰδίας ἐπιθυμίας, ἑαυτοῖς ἐπισωρεύσουσιν διδασκάλους1they will heap up for themselves teachers according to their own desires
1922TI43s375figs-idiomκνηθόμενοι τὴν ἀκοήν1who say what their itching ears want to hear
1932TI44rh2ifigs-metaphorἀπὸ μὲν τῆς ἀληθείας τὴν ἀκοὴν ἀποστρέψουσιν1They will turn their hearing away from the truth
1942TI44xrv7figs-metaphorτοὺς μύθους ἐκτραπήσονται1they will turn aside to myths
1952TI45ehz7figs-metaphorνῆφε1be sober-minded
1962TI45tv3kἔργον ... εὐαγγελιστοῦ1the work of an evangelist

This means to tell people about who Jesus is, what he did for them, and how they are to live for him.

1972TI46sh23figs-metaphorἐγὼ ... ἤδη σπένδομαι1I am already being poured out

Paul speaks of his readiness to die as if he were a cup of wine ready to be poured out as a sacrifice to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1982TI46fb7lfigs-euphemismὁ καιρὸς τῆς ἀναλύσεώς μου ἐφέστηκεν1The time of my departure has come
1992TI47d9tsfigs-metaphorτὸν καλὸν ἀγῶνα ἠγώνισμαι1I have competed in the good contest
2002TI47kq83figs-metaphorτὸν δρόμον τετέλεκα1I have finished the race
2012TI47vk2pfigs-metaphorτὴν πίστιν τετήρηκα1I have kept the faith
2022TI48ujg5figs-activepassiveἀπόκειταί μοι ὁ τῆς δικαιοσύνης στέφανος1The crown of righteousness has been reserved for me
2032TI48hg8ifigs-metaphorτῆς δικαιοσύνης στέφανος1crown of righteousness

Possible meanings are 1) the crown is the prize that God gives to people who have lived the right way or 2) the crown is a metaphor for righteousness. Just as the judge of a race gives a crown to the winner, when Paul finishes his life, God will declare that Paul is righteous. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2042TI48dwn6στέφανος1crown

a wreath made of laurel tree leaves that was given to winners of athletic contests

2052TI48n3k8ἐν, ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ1on that day
2062TI48uh88figs-pastforfutureἀλλὰ καὶ πᾶσιν τοῖς ἠγαπηκόσι τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν αὐτοῦ1but also to all those who have loved his appearing
2072TI49s7xl0Connecting Statement:

Paul talks of specific people and how they behaved, of God's work for and to him, and then closes with greetings to and from certain people.

2082TI49t8b7ἐλθεῖν ... ταχέως1come ... quickly

come ... as soon as possible

2092TI410e4xxtranslate-namesΔημᾶς ... Κρήσκης ... Τίτος1Demas ... Crescens ... Titus

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2102TI410ji2lfigs-metonymyτὸν νῦν αἰῶνα1this present world
2112TI410u2qbΚρήσκης εἰς ... Τίτος εἰς1Crescens went ... and Titus went
2122TI410gs61translate-namesΔαλματίαν1Dalmatia

This is the name of a land region. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2132TI411w21uμοι εὔχρηστος εἰς διακονίαν1he is useful to me in the work
2142TI413d5rwφελόνην1cloak

a heavy garment worn over clothes

2152TI413v9b6translate-namesΚάρπῳ1Carpus

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2162TI413k6tjτὰ βιβλία1the books

This refers to scrolls. A scroll was a type of book made of one long sheet of papyrus or leather. After writing on a scroll or reading it, people rolled it up using rods on the ends

2172TI413e395figs-explicitμάλιστα τὰς μεμβράνας1especially the parchments
2182TI414un4vἈλέξανδρος ὁ χαλκεὺς ... ἐνεδείξατο1Alexander the coppersmith displayed

Alexander, who works with metal, displayed

2192TI414kv94translate-namesἈλέξανδρος1Alexander

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2202TI414jv63figs-metaphorπολλά μοι κακὰ ἐνεδείξατο1displayed many evil deeds against me
2212TI414wbx4figs-metaphorἀποδώσει αὐτῷ ὁ Κύριος κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ1The Lord will repay him according to his deeds
2222TI414xrj6αὐτῷ ... αὐτοῦ1him ... his

Alexander

2232TI415jq91ὃν1him ... he

Alexander.

2242TI415i4ajfigs-metonymyἀντέστη τοῖς ἡμετέροις λόγοις1opposed our words
2252TI416v847ἐν τῇ πρώτῃ μου ἀπολογίᾳ1At my first defense

When I first appeared in court and explained my actions

2262TI416f2c3οὐδείς μοι παρεγένετο1no one stood with me

no one stayed with me and helped me

2272TI416rm2tfigs-activepassiveμὴ αὐτοῖς λογισθείη1May it not be counted against them
2282TI417t1fwfigs-metaphorὁ ... Κύριός μοι παρέστη1the Lord stood by me
2292TI417y69mfigs-activepassiveἵνα δι’ ἐμοῦ τὸ κήρυγμα πληροφορηθῇ1so that, through me, the message might be fully proclaimed
2302TI417gsr8figs-metaphorἐρύσθην ἐκ στόματος λέοντος1I was rescued out of the lion's mouth
2312TI419n4zcfigs-metonymyτὸν Ὀνησιφόρου οἶκον1house of Onesiphorus
2322TI419mef8Ὀνησιφόρου1Onesiphorus

This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in 2 Timothy 1:16.

2332TI420lie9translate-namesἜραστος ... Τρόφιμον1Erastus ... Trophimus

These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2342TI420wp9htranslate-namesΜιλήτῳ1Miletus

This is the name of a city to the south of Ephesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2352TI421p7pxtranslate-namesΕὔβουλος ... Πούδης ... Λίνος1Eubulus ... Pudens, Linus

These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2362TI421cvc7σπούδασον ... ἐλθεῖν1Do your best to come

Make a way to come

2372TI421eh95πρὸ χειμῶνος1before winter

before the cold season

2382TI421z1j9ἀσπάζεταί σε Εὔβουλος, καὶ Πούδης, καὶ Λίνος, καὶ Κλαυδία, καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ1greets you, also Pudens, Linus, Claudia, and all the brothers
2392TI421er77translate-namesΚλαυδία1Claudia

This is a female name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2402TI421mk26figs-gendernotationsοἱ ἀδελφοὶ1all the brothers
2412TI422tx26figs-youὁ Κύριος μετὰ τοῦ πνεύματός σου1May the Lord be with your spirit
2422TI422k85yfigs-youἡ χάρις μεθ’ ὑμῶν1May grace be with you