en_tn/en_tn_48-2CO.tsv

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22COfrontintrour4j0
32CO1introtsh30
42CO11epd20General Information:
52CO11mel3Παῦλος ... τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ τῇ οὔσῃ ἐν Κορίνθῳ1Paul ... to the church of God that is in Corinth
62CO11f59uΤιμόθεος ὁ ἀδελφὸς1Timothy our brother

This indicates that both Paul and the Corinthians knew Timothy and considered him to be their spiritual brother.

72CO11mhg5translate-namesἈχαΐᾳ1Achaia

This is the name of a Roman province in the southern part of modern-day Greece. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

82CO12f6k1χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη1May grace be to you and peace

This is a common greeting that Paul uses in his letters.

92CO13px2qfigs-activepassiveεὐλογητὸς ὁ Θεὸς καὶ Πατὴρ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ1May the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ be praised
102CO13k7dlὁ Θεὸς καὶ Πατὴρ1the God and Father

God, who is the Father

112CO13pg4afigs-parallelismὁ Πατὴρ τῶν οἰκτιρμῶν καὶ Θεὸς πάσης παρακλήσεως1the Father of mercies and the God of all comfort

These two phrases express the same idea in two different ways. Both phrases refer to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

122CO13blv4ὁ Πατὴρ τῶν οἰκτιρμῶν καὶ Θεὸς πάσης παρακλήσεως1the Father of mercies and the God of all comfort
132CO14n2lcfigs-inclusiveπαρακαλῶν ἡμᾶς ἐπὶ πάσῃ τῇ θλίψει ἡμῶν1comforts us in all our affliction
142CO15nn5afigs-metaphorὅτι καθὼς περισσεύει τὰ παθήματα τοῦ Χριστοῦ εἰς ἡμᾶς1For just as the sufferings of Christ abound toward us
152CO15i254τὰ παθήματα τοῦ Χριστοῦ1the sufferings of Christ

Possible meanings are 1) that this refers to the suffering that Paul and Timothy experience because they preach the message about Christ or 2) that this refers to the suffering that Christ experienced on their behalf.

162CO15tg9wfigs-metaphorπερισσεύει ... ἡ παράκλησις ἡμῶν1our comfort abounds

Paul speaks of comfort as if it were an object that could increase in size. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

172CO16y9bifigs-exclusiveεἴτε δὲ θλιβόμεθα1But if we are afflicted
182CO16wyj4figs-activepassiveεἴτε παρακαλούμεθα1if we are comforted
192CO16cfq7τῆς ὑμῶν παρακλήσεως, τῆς ἐνεργουμένης1your comfort that results

You experience effective comfort

202CO18jqn8figs-litotesοὐ ... θέλομεν ὑμᾶς ἀγνοεῖν1we do not want you to be uninformed
212CO18pr8afigs-metaphorὅτι καθ’ ὑπερβολὴν ὑπὲρ δύναμιν ἐβαρήθημεν1We were so completely crushed beyond our strength

Paul and Timothy refer to their emotions of despair being like a heavy weight they have to carry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

222CO18gu5bfigs-activepassiveὑπερβολὴν ... ἐβαρήθημεν1We were so completely crushed
232CO19lks3figs-metaphorαὐτοὶ ἐν ἑαυτοῖς τὸ ἀπόκριμα τοῦ θανάτου ἐσχήκαμεν1we had the sentence of death on us
242CO19i7upfigs-ellipsisἀλλ’ ἐπὶ τῷ Θεῷ1but in God
252CO19bu2yfigs-idiomτῷ ἐγείροντι τοὺς νεκρούς1who raises the dead
262CO110x4khfigs-metaphorθανάτου1a deadly peril
272CO110mwn9 ἔτι ῥύσεται1he will continue to deliver us

he will continue to rescue us

282CO111q17dσυνυπουργούντων καὶ ὑμῶν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν1as you also join together ... on our behalf

God will rescue us from danger as you, the people of the church of Corinth, also help us

292CO111k1flfigs-activepassiveτὸ εἰς ἡμᾶς χάρισμα1the gracious favor given to us
302CO112kqv3figs-exclusive0General Information:
312CO112r9p8ἡ γὰρ καύχησις ἡμῶν αὕτη ἐστίν1For our proud confidence is this
322CO112c7mufigs-personificationτὸ μαρτύριον τῆς συνειδήσεως ἡμῶν1the testimony of our conscience
332CO112c1bdfigs-metonymyοὐκ ἐν σοφίᾳ σαρκικῇ, ἀλλ’ ἐν χάριτι Θεοῦ1not relying on fleshly wisdom but on the grace of God.
342CO113h21jfigs-doublenegativesοὐ γὰρ ἄλλα γράφομεν ὑμῖν, ἀλλ’ ἢ ἃ ἀναγινώσκετε ἢ καὶ ἐπιγινώσκετε1For we write no other things to you, but that which you read or also understand
352CO114ma5mκαύχημα ὑμῶν1your reason for boasting
362CO115nhq80General Information:

Paul wrote at least 3 letters to the Corinthians. Only 2 letters to Corinth are recorded in the Bible.

372CO115k1u90Connecting Statement:

Paul explains his sincere expectation with pure motives to come see the believers in Corinth after his first letter.

382CO115n5exταύτῃ τῇ πεποιθήσει1with this confidence
392CO115y432δευτέραν χάριν σχῆτε1you might have a second blessing

you might benefit from me visiting you twice

402CO116mp6uὑφ’ ὑμῶν προπεμφθῆναι εἰς τὴν Ἰουδαίαν1to be sent on my way to Judea by you

assist me on my way to Judea

412CO117zms7figs-rquestionμήτι ἄρα τῇ ἐλαφρίᾳ ἐχρησάμην?1I did not then take it lightly, did I?
422CO117chy9figs-rquestionἢ ἃ βουλεύομαι, κατὰ σάρκα βουλεύομαι, ἵνα ᾖ παρ’ ἐμοὶ τὸ “ναὶ, ναὶ”, καὶ τὸ “οὒ, οὔ?”1Do I plan things according to human standards ... at the same time?
432CO117y41zfigs-explicitἢ ἃ βουλεύομαι, κατὰ σάρκα βουλεύομαι, ἵνα ᾖ παρ’ ἐμοὶ τὸ “ναὶ, ναὶ”, καὶ τὸ “οὒ, οὔ?”1
442CO119z4hefigs-explicitὁ τοῦ Θεοῦ γὰρ Υἱὸς Ἰησοῦς Χριστός ... οὐκ ἐγένετο “ναὶ” καὶ “οὒ”, ἀλλὰ “ναὶ” ἐν αὐτῷ γέγονεν.1
452CO119hd2tguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Θεοῦ Υἱὸς1the Son of God

This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

462CO120h2xcfigs-explicitὅσαι ... ἐπαγγελίαι Θεοῦ, ἐν αὐτῷ τὸ “ναί”1
472CO120h4uvἐν αὐτῷ τὸ “ναί” ... δι’ αὐτοῦ ... δι’ ἡμῶν1
482CO121d3s3ὁ βεβαιῶν ἡμᾶς σὺν ὑμῖν ... Θεός1Now God is the one who establishes us with you
492CO121tjc6χρίσας ἡμᾶς1he anointed us
502CO122z43lfigs-metaphorὁ καὶ σφραγισάμενος ἡμᾶς1the one who also sealed us
512CO122xe98figs-metonymyδοὺς τὸν ἀρραβῶνα τοῦ Πνεύματος ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν1he gave us the pledge of the Spirit in our hearts
522CO122jcv7figs-metaphorτὸν ἀρραβῶνα τοῦ Πνεύματος1the pledge of the Spirit

The Spirit is spoken of as if he was a partial downpayment toward eternal life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

532CO123j8lcἐγὼ δὲ μάρτυρα τὸν Θεὸν ἐπικαλοῦμαι ἐπὶ τὴν ἐμὴν ψυχήν1Now I call God as a witness to my soul
542CO123j15tὅτι φειδόμενος ὑμῶν1so that I might spare you

so that I might not cause you more suffering

552CO124cyu4συνεργοί ἐσμεν τῆς χαρᾶς ὑμῶν1we are fellow workers with you for your joy

we are working with you so that you may have joy

562CO124cih8figs-idiomτῇ ... πίστει ἑστήκατε1you stand firm in the faith
572CO2introhy3h0

2 Corinthians 02 General Notes

Special Concepts

Harsh writing

In this chapter, Paul refers to a letter he previously wrote to the Corinthians. That letter had a harsh and corrective tone. Paul probably wrote it after the letter known as First Corinthians and before this letter. He implies that the church had to rebuke an erring member. Paul is now encouraging them to be gracious to that person. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

Aroma

A sweet aroma is a pleasing smell. Scripture often describes things that are pleasing to God as having a pleasing aroma.

582CO21wh9c0Connecting Statement:

Because of his great love for them, Paul makes it clear that his rebuke in his first letter to them (the rebuke of their acceptance of the sin of immorality) caused him pain as well as pain to the church people in Corinth and the immoral man.

592CO21x9s5ἔκρινα γὰρ ἐμαυτῷ1I personally decided

I made the decision

602CO21ij73ἐν λύπῃ1in sorrow

in circumstances that would cause you pain

612CO22nb6xfigs-rquestionεἰ γὰρ ἐγὼ λυπῶ ὑμᾶς, καὶ τίς ὁ εὐφραίνων με, εἰ μὴ ὁ λυπούμενος ἐξ ἐμοῦ?1If I caused you pain, who could cheer me up but the very one who was hurt by me?
622CO22x2vrfigs-activepassiveὁ λυπούμενος ἐξ ἐμοῦ1the very one who was hurt by me
632CO23kxu2figs-explicitἔγραψα τοῦτο αὐτὸ1I wrote this same thing
642CO23v87ifigs-activepassiveμὴ ...,λύπην σχῶ ἀφ’ ὧν ἔδει με χαίρειν1I might not be hurt by those who should have made me rejoice
652CO23i5r6ἡ ἐμὴ χαρὰ πάντων ὑμῶν ἐστιν1my joy is the same joy you all have

what gives me joy is what gives you joy, too

662CO24uch7ἐκ πολλῆς θλίψεως1from great affliction
672CO24vs7mfigs-metonymyσυνοχῆς καρδίας1with anguish of heart
682CO24d5vfδιὰ πολλῶν δακρύων1with many tears

with much crying

692CO26iy4rfigs-activepassiveἱκανὸν τῷ τοιούτῳ ἡ ἐπιτιμία αὕτη, ἡ ὑπὸ τῶν πλειόνων1This punishment of that person by the majority is enough
702CO26a7c4ἱκανὸν1is enough

is sufficient

712CO27vpx1figs-activepassiveμή ... τῇ περισσοτέρᾳ λύπῃ καταποθῇ1he is not overwhelmed by too much sorrow
722CO28r9160Connecting Statement:

Paul encourages the church in Corinth to show love and to forgive the person they have punished. He writes that he, also, has forgiven him.

732CO28yi2zκυρῶσαι εἰς αὐτὸν ἀγάπην1publicly affirm your love for him

This means that they are to confirm their love for this man in the presence of all of the believers.

742CO29xw5tfigs-explicitεἰς πάντα ὑπήκοοί ἐστε1you are obedient in everything
752CO210lzp6figs-activepassiveδι’ ὑμᾶς1it is forgiven for your sake
762CO210cbm6δι’ ὑμᾶς1forgiven for your sake
772CO211m46tfigs-litotesοὐ γὰρ αὐτοῦ τὰ νοήματα ἀγνοοῦμεν1For we are not ignorant of his plans
782CO212l6vd0Connecting Statement:

Paul encourages the believers in Corinth by telling them of the opportunities he has had to preach the gospel in Troas and Macedonia.

792CO212a1tifigs-metaphorεἰς τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τοῦ Χριστοῦ, καὶ θύρας μοι ἀνεῳγμένης ἐν Κυρίῳ1a door for the gospel of Christ was opened to me in the Lord
802CO213rjy9οὐκ ἔσχηκα ἄνεσιν τῷ πνεύματί μου1I had no relief in my spirit
812CO213xd5hΤίτον τὸν ἀδελφόν μου1my brother Titus

Paul speaks of Titus as his spiritual brother.

822CO213wq6jἀλλὰ ἀποταξάμενος αὐτοῖς1So I left them

So I left the people of Troas

832CO214gpd2figs-metaphorτῷ ... Θεῷ ..., τῷ πάντοτε θριαμβεύοντι ἡμᾶς ἐν τῷ Χριστῷ1God, who in Christ always leads us in triumph
842CO214l1nrfigs-metaphorτὴν ὀσμὴν τῆς γνώσεως αὐτοῦ, φανεροῦντι δι’ ἡμῶν ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ1Through us he spreads the sweet aroma of the knowledge of him everywhere
852CO214eq21φανεροῦντι ...’ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ1he spreads ... everywhere

he spreads ... everywhere we go

862CO215x6nnfigs-metaphorΧριστοῦ εὐωδία ἐσμὲν τῷ Θεῷ1we are to God the sweet aroma of Christ

Paul speaks of his ministry as if it were a burnt offering that someone offers to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

872CO215b1k1Χριστοῦ εὐωδία ἐσμὲν τῷ Θεῷ1the sweet aroma of Christ
882CO215itc8figs-activepassiveτοῖς σῳζομένοις1those who are saved
892CO216dwk6figs-metaphorὀσμὴ1an aroma
902CO216ud2ufigs-doubletὀσμὴ ἐκ θανάτου εἰς θάνατον1an aroma from death to death
912CO216v2n3figs-activepassiveοἷς1to the other
922CO216cdr3figs-doubletὀσμὴ ἐκ ζωῆς εἰς ζωήν1a fragrance from life to life
932CO216be6xfigs-rquestionπρὸς ταῦτα τίς ἱκανός?1who is worthy of these things?
942CO217a5safigs-metonymyκαπηλεύοντες τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ1who sell the word of God
952CO217x86yεἰλικρινείας1sincerity

pure motives

962CO217u2zbἐν Χριστῷ λαλοῦμεν1we speak in Christ
972CO217q4dcfigs-ellipsisκατέναντι Θεοῦ1before God
982CO3introf7rh0
992CO31m1k80Connecting Statement:

Paul reminds them that he is not boasting as he tells them about what he has done through Christ.

1002CO31um8xfigs-rquestionἀρχόμεθα πάλιν ἑαυτοὺς συνιστάνειν?1Are we beginning to praise ourselves again?
1012CO31y8ycfigs-rquestionἢ μὴ χρῄζομεν, ὥς τινες, συστατικῶν ἐπιστολῶν πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἢ ἐξ ὑμῶν?1We do not need letters of recommendation to you or from you, like some people, do we?
1022CO31ad1uσυστατικῶν ἐπιστολῶν1letters of recommendation

This is a letter that a person writes to introduce and give their approval of someone else.

1032CO32ty59figs-metaphorἡ ἐπιστολὴ ἡμῶν ὑμεῖς ἐστε1You yourselves are our letter of recommendation
1042CO32v2e7figs-metonymyἐνγεγραμμένη ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν1written on our hearts
1052CO32bu1ufigs-activepassiveἐνγεγραμμένη ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν1written on our hearts
1062CO32dr5kfigs-activepassiveγινωσκομένη καὶ ἀναγινωσκομένη ὑπὸ πάντων ἀνθρώπων1known and read by all people
1072CO33s717figs-metaphorἐστὲ ἐπιστολὴ Χριστοῦ1you are a letter from Christ
1082CO33wrk4διακονηθεῖσα ὑφ’ ἡμῶν1cared for by us

brought by us

1092CO33q96qἐνγεγραμμένη οὐ μέλανι ... ἐν πλαξὶν καρδίαις σαρκίναις1It was written not with ink ... on tablets of human hearts

Paul clarifies that the Corinthians are like a spiritual letter, not like a letter that humans write with physical objects.

1102CO33qt5gfigs-activepassiveἐνγεγραμμένη οὐ μέλανι, ἀλλὰ Πνεύματι Θεοῦ ζῶντος1It was written not with ink but by the Spirit of the living God
1112CO33t5ahfigs-activepassiveοὐκ ἐν πλαξὶν λιθίναις, ἀλλ’ ἐν πλαξὶν καρδίαις σαρκίναις1not on tablets of stone, but on tablets of human hearts
1122CO33u959figs-metaphorπλαξὶν καρδίαις σαρκίναις1tablets of human hearts

Paul speaks of their hearts as if they are flat pieces of stone or clay upon which people engraved letters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1132CO34z7qxπεποίθησιν δὲ τοιαύτην1such confidence

This refers to what Paul has just said. His confidence comes from knowing that the Corinthians are the validation of his ministry before God.

1142CO35qye9ἀφ’ ἑαυτῶν ἱκανοί1competent in ourselves
1152CO35e5e7figs-explicitλογίσασθαί τι ὡς ἐξ ἑαυτῶν1to consider anything as coming from us
1162CO35wi1tἡ ἱκανότης ἡμῶν ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ1our competence is from God

God gives us our sufficiency

1172CO36dp6ifigs-synecdocheκαινῆς διαθήκης, οὐ γράμματος1a new covenant, not of the letter
1182CO36tc4ufigs-ellipsisἀλλὰ Πνεύματος1but of the Spirit
1192CO36q4atfigs-personificationτὸ ... γράμμα ἀποκτέννει1the letter kills
1202CO37lyf70Connecting Statement:

Paul contrasts the fading glory of the old covenant with the superiority and freedom of the new covenant. He contrasts the veil of Moses with the clarity of present revelation. The time of Moses was a less clear picture of what is now revealed.

1212CO37ut6rfigs-ironyεἰ δὲ ἡ διακονία τοῦ θανάτου ... ἐγενήθη ἐν δόξῃ, ὥστε1Now if the ministry that produced death ... came in such glory

Paul emphasizes that although the law leads to death, it was still very glorious. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])

1222CO37du65figs-explicitἡ διακονία τοῦ θανάτου1the ministry that produced death
1232CO37j1hpfigs-activepassiveἐν γράμμασιν ἐντετυπωμένη λίθοις1engraved in letters on stones
1242CO37r5p5ἐν δόξῃ, ὥστε1in such glory

in so much glory

1252CO37y11cδιὰ1because of

They could not look because

1262CO38xxn6figs-rquestionπῶς οὐχὶ μᾶλλον ἡ διακονία τοῦ Πνεύματος ἔσται ἐν δόξῃ?1Will the ministry of the Spirit not be with much more glory?
1272CO38wq1vfigs-explicitἡ διακονία τοῦ Πνεύματος1the ministry of the Spirit
1282CO39k779figs-explicitτῇ διακονίᾳ τῆς κατακρίσεως1the ministry of condemnation
1292CO39if33figs-exclamationsπολλῷ μᾶλλον περισσεύει ἡ διακονία τῆς δικαιοσύνης δόξῃ!1how much more does the ministry of righteousness abound in glory!
1302CO39e5zzfigs-metaphorπερισσεύει ἡ διακονία τῆς δικαιοσύνης δόξῃ1the ministry of righteousness abound in glory
1312CO39ufq6figs-explicitἡ διακονία τῆς δικαιοσύνης1the ministry of righteousness
1322CO310n4peκαὶ γὰρ οὐ δεδόξασται, τὸ δεδοξασμένον ... εἵνεκεν τῆς ὑπερβαλλούσης δόξης1that which was once made glorious is no longer glorious ... because of the glory that exceeds it

The Old Testament law no longer appears glorious when compared with the new covenant, which is much more glorious.

1332CO310t2dqfigs-activepassiveτὸ δεδοξασμένον1that which was once made glorious
1342CO310d7k5ἐν τούτῳ τῷ μέρει1in this respect

in this way

1352CO311zwb2figs-metaphorτὸ καταργούμενον1that which was fading away
1362CO312tnc1ἔχοντες οὖν τοιαύτην ἐλπίδα1Since we have such a hope

This refers to what Paul has just said. His hope comes from knowing that the new covenant has an eternal glory.

1372CO312u5qaτοιαύτην ἐλπίδα1such a hope

such confidence

1382CO313p5u2figs-explicitτὸ τέλος τοῦ καταργουμένου1the end of that which was fading away
1392CO314zvf5figs-metaphorἀλλὰ ἐπωρώθη τὰ νοήματα αὐτῶν1But their minds were hardened
1402CO314zm7jἄχρι γὰρ τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας1For until this present day

to the time at which Paul was writing to the Corinthians

1412CO314w68pfigs-metaphorτὸ αὐτὸ κάλυμμα ἐπὶ τῇ ἀναγνώσει τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης μένει1when they read the old covenant, that same veil remains

Just as the Israelites could not see the glory on Moses' face because he covered his face with a veil, there is a spiritual veil that prevents people from understanding when they read the old covenant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1422CO314gg2dἐπὶ τῇ ἀναγνώσει τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης1when they read the old covenant

when they hear someone read the old covenant

1432CO314gl8lfigs-activepassiveμὴ ἀνακαλυπτόμενον, ὅτι ἐν Χριστῷ καταργεῖται1It has not been removed, because only in Christ is it taken away
1442CO315rjh5ἀλλ’ ἕως σήμερον1But even today

This phrase refer to the time at which Paul was writing to the Corinthians.

1452CO315t3dlfigs-metonymyἡνίκα ἂν ἀναγινώσκηται Μωϋσῆς1whenever Moses is read
1462CO315gwp9figs-metonymyκάλυμμα ἐπὶ τὴν καρδίαν αὐτῶν κεῖται1a veil lies over their heart
1472CO316k2drfigs-metaphorἡνίκα ... ἐὰν ἐπιστρέψῃ πρὸς Κύριον1whenever a person turns to the Lord
1482CO316w1y2figs-activepassiveπεριαιρεῖται τὸ κάλυμμα1the veil is taken away
1492CO318r6rxfigs-inclusiveἡμεῖς δὲ πάντες1Now we all
1502CO318l3xwfigs-metaphorἀνακεκαλυμμένῳ προσώπῳ, τὴν δόξαν Κυρίου κατοπτριζόμενοι1with unveiled faces, see as a reflection the glory of the Lord

Unlike the Israelites who could not see God's glory reflected on Moses' face because he had covered it with a veil, there is nothing to prevent believers from seeing and understanding God's glory. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1512CO318rc9xfigs-activepassiveτὴν αὐτὴν εἰκόνα μεταμορφούμεθα1are being transformed into the same image
1522CO318bx5bἀπὸ δόξης εἰς δόξαν1from glory to glory
1532CO318mw3vκαθάπερ ἀπὸ Κυρίου1just as from the Lord

just as this comes from the Lord

1542CO4introrx1c0
1552CO41lyi40Connecting Statement:

Paul writes that he is honest in his ministry by preaching Christ, not praising himself. He shows the death and the life of Jesus in how he lives so that life can work in the Corinthian believers.

1562CO41ix7nfigs-exclusiveἔχοντες τὴν διακονίαν ταύτην1having this ministry
1572CO41h1udfigs-explicitκαθὼς ἠλεήθημεν1and just as we have received mercy
1582CO42yp4gἀπειπάμεθα τὰ κρυπτὰ τῆς αἰσχύνης1we have rejected the shameful hidden things
1592CO42z4c2figs-hendiadysτὰ κρυπτὰ τῆς αἰσχύνης1the shameful hidden things
1602CO42ey75περιπατοῦντες ἐν πανουργίᾳ1walking in craftiness

live by deception

1612CO42gp3gfigs-doublenegativesμηδὲ δολοῦντες τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ1not distorting the word of God
1622CO42aj24συνιστάνοντες ἑαυτοὺς πρὸς πᾶσαν συνείδησιν ἀνθρώπων1commending ourselves to every person's conscience

This means that they provide enough evidence for each person who hears them to decide whether they are right or wrong.

1632CO42f6n1figs-metaphorἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ1before God
1642CO43mti5figs-metaphorεἰ δὲ καὶ ἔστιν κεκαλυμμένον τὸ εὐαγγέλιον ἡμῶν, ἐν τοῖς ἀπολλυμένοις ἐστὶν κεκαλυμμένον1But if our gospel is veiled, it is veiled only to those who are perishing

This refers back to what Paul said starting in 2 Corinthians 3:14. There Paul explained that there is a spiritual veil that prevents people from understanding when they read the old covenant. In the same way, people are not able to understand the gospel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1652CO43hz2ffigs-activepassiveεἰ ἔστιν κεκαλυμμένον τὸ εὐαγγέλιον ἡμῶν ... ἐστὶν κεκαλυμμένον1if our gospel is veiled, it is veiled
1662CO43e5yuτὸ εὐαγγέλιον ἡμῶν1our gospel

the gospel that we preach

1672CO44r6pzfigs-metaphorὁ θεὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου ἐτύφλωσεν τὰ νοήματα τῶν ἀπίστων1the god of this age has blinded the minds of the unbelieving
1682CO44tx9hὁ θεὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου1the god of this world
1692CO44z4ypfigs-metaphorμὴ αὐγάσαι τὸν φωτισμὸν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου τῆς δόξης τοῦ Χριστοῦ1they do not see the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ
1702CO44j1vzτὸν φωτισμὸν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου1the light of the gospel

the light that comes from the gospel

1712CO44rdj3τοῦ εὐαγγελίου τῆς δόξης τοῦ Χριστοῦ1the gospel of the glory of Christ

the gospel about the Christ's glory

1722CO45ddw1figs-ellipsisἀλλὰ Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν Κύριον, ἑαυτοὺς δὲ δούλους ὑμῶν1but Christ Jesus as Lord, and ourselves as your servants
1732CO45t8duδιὰ Ἰησοῦν1for Jesus' sake

because of Jesus

1742CO46rw5zἐκ σκότους φῶς λάμψει1Light will shine out of darkness

With this sentence, Paul refers to God creating light, as described in the book of Genesis.

1752CO46d5x7figs-metaphorὃς ἔλαμψεν ... πρὸς φωτισμὸν τῆς γνώσεως τῆς δόξης τοῦ Θεοῦ1He has shone ... to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God
1762CO46bj1jfigs-metonymyἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν1in our hearts
1772CO46mpg9πρὸς φωτισμὸν τῆς γνώσεως τῆς δόξης τοῦ Θεοῦ1the light of the knowledge of the glory of God

the light, which is the knowledge of the glory of God

1782CO46p736figs-metaphorτῆς δόξης τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐν προσώπῳ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ1the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ
1792CO47xe5ifigs-exclusiveἔχομεν δὲ1But we have
1802CO47xx2cfigs-metaphorἔχομεν τὸν θησαυρὸν τοῦτον ἐν ὀστρακίνοις σκεύεσιν1we have this treasure in jars of clay

Paul speaks of the gospel as if it were a treasure and their bodies as if they were breakable jars made out of clay. This emphasizes that they are of little value compared to the worth of the gospel that they preach. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1812CO48ga9zfigs-activepassiveἐν παντὶ θλιβόμενοι1We are afflicted in every way
1822CO49bz8mfigs-activepassiveδιωκόμενοι, ἀλλ’ οὐκ ἐνκαταλειπόμενοι1We are persecuted but not forsaken
1832CO49uvq1figs-activepassiveκαταβαλλόμενοι, ἀλλ’ οὐκ ἀπολλύμενοι1We are struck down but not destroyed
1842CO49z8npκαταβαλλόμενοι, ἀλλ’ οὐκ ἀπολλύμενοι1We are struck down

We are hurt badly

1852CO410zt4bfigs-metaphorπάντοτε τὴν νέκρωσιν τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἐν τῷ σώματι περιφέροντες1We always carry in our body the death of Jesus
1862CO410l6f6ἡ ζωὴ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἐν τῷ σώματι ἡμῶν φανερωθῇ1the life of Jesus also may be shown in our bodies
1872CO410w3jcfigs-activepassiveἡ ζωὴ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἐν τῷ σώματι ἡμῶν φανερωθῇ1the life of Jesus also may be shown in our bodies
1882CO411ht74figs-metaphorἀεὶ γὰρ ἡμεῖς, οἱ ζῶντες, εἰς θάνατον παραδιδόμεθα διὰ Ἰησοῦν1For we who are alive are always being handed over to death for the sake of Jesus
1892CO411d1wmἵνα ἡ ζωὴ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ φανερωθῇ ἐν σαρκὶ ἡμῶν1so that the life of Jesus may be shown in our mortal flesh
1902CO411ww5rfigs-activepassiveἵνα ἡ ζωὴ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ φανερωθῇ ἐν σαρκὶ ἡμῶν1so that the life of Jesus may be shown in our mortal flesh
1912CO412q3ilfigs-personificationὁ θάνατος ἐν ἡμῖν ἐνεργεῖται, ἡ δὲ ζωὴ ἐν ὑμῖν1death is at work in us, but life is at work in you

Paul speaks of death and life as if they are persons who can work. This means that they are always in danger of physical death so that the Corinthians can have spiritual life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])

1922CO413ret6τὸ αὐτὸ πνεῦμα τῆς πίστεως1the same spirit of faith
1932CO413gzf4figs-activepassiveκατὰ τὸ γεγραμμένον1according to that which was written
1942CO413il5hἐπίστευσα, διὸ ἐλάλησα1I believed, and so I spoke

This is a quote from the Psalms.

1952CO414t2i8figs-idiomὅτι ὁ ἐγείρας τὸν Ἰησοῦν ... ἐγερεῖ1that the one who raised the Lord Jesus will ... raise
1962CO415v7sjτὰ γὰρ πάντα δι’ ὑμᾶς1For all these things are for your sake
1972CO415l1mufigs-activepassiveἡ χάρις πλεονάσασα διὰ τῶν πλειόνων1the grace that is abounding to more and more people
1982CO415u8ppfigs-metaphorτὴν εὐχαριστίαν περισσεύσῃ1thanksgiving may increase
1992CO416u6e50Connecting Statement:

Paul writes that the Corinthian difficulties are minor and do not last long when compared to the unseen eternal things.

2002CO416cb92figs-doublenegativesδιὸ οὐκ ἐνκακοῦμεν1So we do not become discouraged
2012CO416hhv6figs-explicitὁ ἔξω ἡμῶν ἄνθρωπος διαφθείρεται1outwardly we are wasting away
2022CO416s9b2figs-explicitὁ ἔσω ἡμῶν ἀνακαινοῦται ἡμέρᾳ καὶ ἡμέρᾳ1inwardly we are being renewed day by day
2032CO416zct5figs-activepassiveὁ ἔσω ἡμῶν ἀνακαινοῦται ἡμέρᾳ καὶ ἡμέρᾳ1inwardly we are being renewed day by day
2042CO417pd63figs-metaphorτὸ γὰρ παραυτίκα ἐλαφρὸν τῆς θλίψεως ἡμῶν ... αἰώνιον βάρος δόξης, κατεργάζεται ἡμῖν1this momentary, light affliction is preparing us for an eternal weight of glory

Paul speaks of his sufferings and the glory that God will give him as if they were objects that can be weighed. The glory far outweighs the suffering. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2052CO417na9yfigs-metaphorκαθ’ ὑπερβολὴν εἰς ὑπερβολὴν1that exceeds all measurement
2062CO418t2fpfigs-activepassiveτὰ βλεπόμενα ... τὰ μὴ βλεπόμενα1things that are seen ... things that are unseen
2072CO418f97xfigs-ellipsisτὰ δὲ μὴ βλεπόμενα1but for things that are unseen
2082CO5intros14p0
2092CO51p7b70Connecting Statement:

Paul continues by contrasting believers' earthly bodies to the heavenly ones God will give.

2102CO51z4vsfigs-metaphorἐὰν ἡ ἐπίγειος ἡμῶν οἰκία τοῦ σκήνους καταλυθῇ, οἰκοδομὴν ἐκ Θεοῦ ἔχομεν1if the earthly dwelling that we live in is destroyed, we have a building from God
2112CO51zy2kfigs-activepassiveἐὰν ἡ ἐπίγειος ἡμῶν οἰκία τοῦ σκήνους καταλυθῇ1if the earthly dwelling that we live in is destroyed
2122CO51bqi5figs-activepassiveοἰκίαν ἀχειροποίητον1It is a house not made by human hands
2132CO52tc2jἐν τούτῳ στενάζομεν1in this tent we groan
2142CO52ss6gfigs-metaphorτὸ οἰκητήριον ἡμῶν τὸ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ ἐπενδύσασθαι ἐπιποθοῦντες1longing to be clothed with our heavenly dwelling
2152CO53i4esἐνδυσάμενοι1we have put it on

by putting on our heavenly dwelling

2162CO53ap7vfigs-activepassiveοὐ γυμνοὶ εὑρεθησόμεθα1we will not be found to be naked
2172CO54bz6kfigs-metaphorοἱ ὄντες ἐν τῷ σκήνει1while we are in this tent
2182CO54e34bἐν τῷ σκήνει, στενάζομεν1in this tent, we groan
2192CO54cjt4figs-metaphorβαρούμενοι1being burdened

Paul refers to the difficulties that the physical body experiences as if they were heavy objects that are difficult to carry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2202CO54f8rbfigs-metaphorοὐ θέλομεν ἐκδύσασθαι ... ἐπενδύσασθαι1We do not want to be unclothed ... we want to be clothed
2212CO54n78pἐκδύσασθαι1to be unclothed
2222CO54de2bfigs-metaphorἵνα καταποθῇ τὸ θνητὸν ὑπὸ τῆς ζωῆς1so that what is mortal may be swallowed up by life
2232CO54e5zifigs-activepassiveἵνα καταποθῇ τὸ θνητὸν ὑπὸ τῆς ζωῆς1so that what is mortal may be swallowed up by life
2242CO55g7yjfigs-metaphorὁ δοὺς ἡμῖν τὸν ἀρραβῶνα τοῦ Πνεύματος1who gave us the Spirit as the down payment

The Spirit is spoken of as if he were a partial down payment toward eternal life. See how you translated a similar phrase in 2 Corinthians 1:22. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2252CO56clh50Connecting Statement:

Because believers will have a new body and have the Holy Spirit as a pledge, Paul reminds them to live by faith that they may please the Lord. He continues by reminding them to persuade others because 1) believers will appear at the judgment seat of Christ and 2) because of love for Christ who died for believers.

2262CO56xv3mfigs-metaphorἐνδημοῦντες ἐν τῷ σώματι1being at home in the body
2272CO56ebl4ἐκδημοῦμεν ἀπὸ τοῦ Κυρίου1we are away from the Lord
2282CO57rfn4figs-metaphorδιὰ πίστεως ... περιπατοῦμεν, οὐ διὰ εἴδους1we walk by faith, not by sight
2292CO58a6auεὐδοκοῦμεν, μᾶλλον ἐκδημῆσαι ἐκ τοῦ σώματος1we would rather be away from the body
2302CO58i3m3ἐνδημῆσαι πρὸς τὸν Κύριον1at home with the Lord

at home with the Lord in heaven

2312CO59ml5jfigs-ellipsisεἴτε ἐνδημοῦντες εἴτε ἐκδημοῦντες1whether we are at home or away
2322CO59j1slεὐάρεστοι αὐτῷ εἶναι1to be pleasing to him

to please the Lord

2332CO510kdf2ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ βήματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ1before the judgment seat of Christ

before Christ to be judged

2342CO510c499κομίσηται ἕκαστος τὰ διὰ0each one may receive back the things done in

each person may receive what he deserves

2352CO510v8slfigs-activepassiveτὰ διὰ τοῦ σώματος1the things done in the body
2362CO510lsh8εἴτε ἀγαθὸν εἴτε κακὸν1whether for good or for bad

whether those things were good or bad

2372CO511dzh5εἰδότες ... τὸν φόβον τοῦ Κυρίου1knowing the fear of the Lord

knowing what it means to fear the Lord

2382CO511qm34figs-explicitἀνθρώπους πείθομεν1we persuade people
2392CO511v11vfigs-activepassiveΘεῷ ... πεφανερώμεθα1What we are is clearly seen by God
2402CO511y5l1καὶ ἐν ταῖς συνειδήσεσιν ὑμῶν πεφανερῶσθαι1that it is also clear to your conscience

that you are also convinced of it

2412CO512mza1ἵνα ἔχητε1so you may have an answer

so you may have something to say to

2422CO512it2rfigs-metonymyτοὺς ἐν προσώπῳ καυχωμένους, καὶ μὴ ἐν καρδίᾳ1those who boast about appearances but not about what is in the heart
2432CO513cy57figs-idiomεἴτε ... ἐξέστημεν ... εἴτε σωφρονοῦμεν1if we are out of our minds ... if we are in our right minds
2442CO514azi9ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ Χριστοῦ1the love of Christ
2452CO514nd9gὑπὲρ πάντων ἀπέθανεν1died for all

died for all people

2462CO515h831τῷ ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν ἀποθανόντι καὶ ἐγερθέντι1him who for their sake died and was raised
2472CO515ri6fὑπὲρ αὐτῶν1for them
2482CO516f2ww0Connecting Statement:

Because of Christ's love and death, we are not to judge by human standards. We are appointed to teach others how to be united with and have peace with God through Christ's death and receive God's righteousness through Christ.

2492CO516ic21ὥστε 1For this reason

This refers to what Paul has just said about living for Christ instead of living for self.

2502CO517tl3hfigs-metaphorκαινὴ κτίσις1he is a new creation
2512CO517ue8fτὰ ἀρχαῖα παρῆλθεν1The old things have passed away
2522CO517vpe3ἰδοὺ1See
2532CO518jyf7τὰ ... πάντα1All these things
2542CO518lj2hfigs-abstractnounsτὴν διακονίαν τῆς καταλλαγῆς1the ministry of reconciliation
2552CO519gvl2ὡς ὅτι1That is

This means

2562CO519w1d1figs-metonymyἐν Χριστῷ κόσμον καταλλάσσων ἑαυτῷ1in Christ God is reconciling the world to himself
2572CO519b62qθέμενος ἐν ἡμῖν τὸν λόγον τῆς καταλλαγῆς1He is entrusting to us the message of reconciliation

God has given Paul the responsibility to spread the message that God is reconciling people to himself.

2582CO519ix97τὸν λόγον τῆς καταλλαγῆς1the message of reconciliation

the message about reconciliation

2592CO520wg8ffigs-activepassiveὑπὲρ Χριστοῦ οὖν πρεσβεύομεν1Therefore, we are ambassadors for Christ
2602CO520q9u9Χριστοῦ πρεσβεύομεν1representatives of Christ

those who speak for Christ

2612CO520a6fxfigs-activepassiveκαταλλάγητε τῷ Θεῷ1Be reconciled to God
2622CO521jp2aτὸν μὴ γνόντα ἁμαρτίαν, ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ἁμαρτίαν ἐποίησεν1The one who did not know sin, he made sin for us

God made Christ become the sacrifice for our sin

2632CO521hz6zfigs-inclusiveἡμῶν ... ἡμεῖς1us ... we
2642CO521ebz2τὸν μὴ γνόντα ἁμαρτίαν1The one who did not know sin

Christ is the one who never sinned

2652CO521zm9eδικαιοσύνη Θεοῦ ἐν αὐτῷ1the righteousness of God in him

God did this ... the righteousness of God in Christ

2662CO521kmt9figs-explicitἵνα ἡμεῖς γενώμεθα δικαιοσύνη Θεοῦ ἐν αὐτῷ1so that we might become the righteousness of God in him
2672CO6introf5qu0
2682CO61in530General Information:

In verse 2, Paul quotes a portion from the prophet Isaiah.

2692CO61kf1d0Connecting Statement:

Paul summarizes how working together for God is supposed to be.

2702CO61tbr6figs-explicitσυνεργοῦντες1Working together
2712CO61s8dbfigs-doublenegativesκαὶ παρακαλοῦμεν μὴ εἰς κενὸν τὴν χάριν τοῦ Θεοῦ δέξασθαι ὑμᾶς1we also urge you not to receive the grace of God in vain
2722CO62u9kcfigs-explicitλέγει γάρ1For he says
2732CO62sa94ἰδοὺ1Look
2742CO63v3wcfigs-metaphorμηδεμίαν ἐν μηδενὶ διδόντες προσκοπήν1We do not place a stumbling block in front of anyone
2752CO63he3cfigs-activepassiveμὴ μωμηθῇ ἡ διακονία1our ministry might not
2762CO64xd9lfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2772CO64p9upἐν παντὶ συνιστάντες ἑαυτοὺς ὡς Θεοῦ διάκονοι1we commend ourselves in everything as God's servants

We prove that we are God's servants by all that we do

2782CO64xyf9Θεοῦ διάκονοι: ἐν ὑπομονῇ πολλῇ, ἐν θλίψεσιν, ἐν ἀνάγκαις, ἐν στενοχωρίαις1God's servants; in much endurance, affliction, distress, hardship

Paul mentions various difficult situations in which they proved that they are God's servants.

2792CO65it8gἐν πληγαῖς, ἐν φυλακαῖς, ἐν ἀκαταστασίαις, ἐν κόποις, ἐν ἀγρυπνίαις, ἐν νηστείαις1beatings, imprisonments, riots, in hard work, in sleepless nights, in hunger

Paul continues to mention various difficult situations in which they proved that they are God's servants.

2802CO66w84cἐν ἁγνότητι ... ἐν ἀγάπῃ ἀνυποκρίτῳ1in purity ... in genuine love

Paul lists several moral virtues that they maintained in difficult situations that proved that they are God's servants.

2812CO67b6amἐν λόγῳ ἀληθείας, ἐν δυνάμει Θεοῦ1in the word of truth, in the power of God

Their dedication to preach the gospel in the power of God proves that they are God's servants.

2822CO67dui6ἐν λόγῳ ἀληθείας1in the word of truth
2832CO67p5l5ἐν δυνάμει Θεοῦ1in the power of God

by showing God's power to people

2842CO67ven8figs-metaphorδιὰ τῶν ὅπλων τῆς δικαιοσύνης τῶν δεξιῶν καὶ ἀριστερῶν1through the weapons of righteousness for the right hand and for the left

Paul speaks of their righteousness as if it is weapons that they use to fight spiritual battles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2852CO67ef5bτῶν ὅπλων τῆς δικαιοσύνης1the weapons of righteousness
2862CO67ijr2τῶν δεξιῶν καὶ ἀριστερῶν1for the right hand and for the left

Possible meanings are 1) that there is a weapon in one hand and a shield in the other or 2) that they are completely equipped for battle, able to fend off attacks from any direction.

2872CO68zi7dfigs-merism0General Information:

Paul lists several extremes of how people think about him and his ministry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

2882CO68e4pffigs-activepassiveὡς πλάνοι1as imposters
2892CO69fcb5figs-activepassiveὡς ἀγνοούμενοι καὶ ἐπιγινωσκόμενοι1as if we were unknown and we are still well known
2902CO69r1d9figs-activepassiveὡς παιδευόμενοι καὶ μὴ θανατούμενοι1as being punished, and yet not being killed
2912CO611vh9v0Connecting Statement:

Paul encourages the believers at Corinth to be separated from idols and live clean lives for God.

2922CO611v74jτὸ στόμα ἡμῶν ἀνέῳγεν πρὸς ὑμᾶς1Our mouth has been opened to you

spoken honestly to you

2932CO611mv85figs-metaphorἡ καρδία ἡμῶν πεπλάτυνται1our heart is opened wide
2942CO612xv9tfigs-metaphorοὐ στενοχωρεῖσθε ἐν ἡμῖν, στενοχωρεῖσθε δὲ ἐν τοῖς σπλάγχνοις ὑμῶν1You are not restrained by us, but you are restrained in your affections
2952CO612u4fzfigs-activepassiveοὐ στενοχωρεῖσθε ἐν ἡμῖν1You are not restrained by us
2962CO612ecn4figs-activepassiveστενοχωρεῖσθε ... ἐν τοῖς σπλάγχνοις ὑμῶν1you are restrained in your affections
2972CO613c6vpfigs-metaphorπλατύνθητε καὶ ὑμεῖς1open yourselves wide also
2982CO614wj410General Information:

In verse 16, Paul paraphrases portions from several Old Testament prophets: Moses, Zechariah, Amos, and possibly others.

2992CO614v7kkfigs-doublenegativesμὴ γίνεσθε ἑτεροζυγοῦντες ἀπίστοις1Do not be yoked together with unbelievers
3002CO614qd33figs-metaphorμὴ γίνεσθε ἑτεροζυγοῦντες1be yoked together with
3012CO614v7pwfigs-rquestionτίς γὰρ μετοχὴ δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ ἀνομίᾳ1For what association does righteousness have with lawlessness?
3022CO614xr52figs-rquestionἢ τίς κοινωνία φωτὶ πρὸς σκότος?1For what fellowship does light have with darkness?
3032CO615r1vqfigs-rquestionτίς δὲ συμφώνησις Χριστοῦ πρὸς Βελιάρ1What agreement can Christ have with Beliar?
3042CO615rm3rtranslate-namesΒελιάρ1Beliar

This is another name for the devil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

3052CO615z9ivfigs-rquestionἢ τίς μερὶς πιστῷ μετὰ ἀπίστου?1Or what share does a believer have together with an unbeliever?
3062CO616y99xfigs-rquestionτίς δὲ συνκατάθεσις ναῷ Θεοῦ μετὰ εἰδώλων?1And what agreement is there between the temple of God and idols?
3072CO616s3l8figs-metaphorἡμεῖς γὰρ ναὸς Θεοῦ ἐσμεν ζῶντος1we are the temple of the living God
3082CO616u5g3figs-parallelism“ἐνοικήσω ἐν αὐτοῖς”, καὶ “ἐνπεριπατήσω1I will dwell among them and walk among them.
3092CO617fe1z0General Information:

Paul quotes portions from the Old Testament prophets, Isaiah and Ezekiel.

3102CO617z5ldfigs-activepassiveἀφορίσθητε1be separate
3112CO617c8jqfigs-doublenegativesἀκαθάρτου μὴ ἅπτεσθε1Touch no unclean thing
3122CO7introhg360
3132CO71e7t90Connecting Statement:

Paul continues to remind them to be separated from sin and to seek holiness purposefully.

3142CO71h5xvἀγαπητοί1Beloved
3152CO71fv49καθαρίσωμεν ἑαυτοὺς1let us cleanse ourselves

Here Paul is saying to stay away from any form of sin that would affect one's relationship with God.

3162CO71c2xfἐπιτελοῦντες ἁγιωσύνην1perfecting holiness

Let us strive to be holy

3172CO71pt41ἐν φόβῳ Θεοῦ1in the fear of God

out of deep respect for God

3182CO72v4nu0Connecting Statement:

Having already warned the people of Corinth about other leaders who were striving to get these Corinthian believers to follow them, Paul reminds the people of the way he feels about them.

3192CO72x3lgfigs-metaphorχωρήσατε ἡμᾶς1Make room for us
3202CO73bhb7πρὸς κατάκρισιν οὐ λέγω1I do not speak for your condemnation
3212CO73fay3figs-metaphorἐν καρδίαις ἡμῶν ἐστε1you are in our hearts
3222CO73xzg3figs-idiomεἰς τὸ συναποθανεῖν καὶ συνζῆν1for us to die together and to live together
3232CO73jt6bfigs-inclusiveεἰς τὸ συναποθανεῖν1for us to die
3242CO74mh12figs-activepassiveπεπλήρωμαι τῇ παρακλήσει1I am filled with encouragement
3252CO74mx9bfigs-metaphorὑπερπερισσεύομαι τῇ χαρᾷ1I overflow with joy
3262CO74mr75ἐπὶ πάσῃ τῇ θλίψει ἡμῶν0even in all our afflictions

despite all our hardships

3272CO75f3c5figs-exclusiveἐλθόντων ἡμῶν εἰς Μακεδονίαν1When we came to Macedonia
3282CO75c8jufigs-synecdocheοὐδεμίαν ἔσχηκεν ἄνεσιν ἡ σὰρξ ἡμῶν1our flesh had no rest
3292CO75h3cvfigs-activepassiveἐν παντὶ θλιβόμενοι1we were troubled in every way
3302CO75i4wrfigs-explicitἔξωθεν μάχαι, ἔσωθεν φόβοι1by conflicts on the outside and fears on the inside
3312CO77w7tdfigs-explicitἐν τῇ παρακλήσει ᾗ παρεκλήθη ἐφ’ ὑμῖν1by the comfort that Titus had received from you
3322CO78b2xj0General Information:

This refers to Paul's previous letter to these Corinthian believers where he rebuked them for their acceptance of a believer's sexual immorality with his father's wife.

3332CO78jic50Connecting Statement:

Paul praises them for their godly sorrow, their zeal to do right, and the joy that it brought him and Titus.

3342CO78vk7mβλέπω( ὅτι ἡ ἐπιστολὴ1when I saw that my letter

when I learned that my letter

3352CO79kn5qfigs-activepassiveοὐχ ὅτι ἐλυπήθητε0not because you were distressed
3362CO79l6d2figs-idiomἐν μηδενὶ ζημιωθῆτε ἐξ ἡμῶν1you would not suffer loss in anything through us
3372CO710dtm3figs-ellipsisἡ γὰρ κατὰ Θεὸν λύπη, μετάνοιαν εἰς σωτηρίαν1For the sorrow that God intends produces repentance that leads to salvation
3382CO710lc4mἀμεταμέλητον1without regret

Possible meanings are 1) Paul has no regret that he caused them sorrow because that sorrow led to their repentance and salvation or 2) the Corinthians will not regret experiencing sorrow because it led to their repentance and salvation.

3392CO710lc1sfigs-explicitἡ δὲ τοῦ κόσμου λύπη, θάνατον κατεργάζεται1But the sorrow of the world produces death
3402CO711l24sἰδοὺ γὰρ αὐτὸ τοῦτο1For see what this very same thing

Look and see for yourselves what great determination

3412CO711gpp2figs-exclamationsσπουδήν: ἀλλὰ ἀπολογίαν1what earnestness, what eagerness to defend yourselves
3422CO711xt2rἀλλὰ ἀγανάκτησιν1what indignation

your anger

3432CO711h6jcfigs-activepassiveἀλλὰ ἐκδίκησιν1what avenging of wrong
3442CO712w6lsτοῦ ἀδικήσαντος1the one who did wrong

the one who did wrong

3452CO712i6snfigs-activepassiveτοῦ φανερωθῆναι τὴν σπουδὴν ὑμῶν, τὴν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ1your good will toward us should be made known to you in the sight of God
3462CO712ycy7figs-metaphorἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ1before God
3472CO713kn2qfigs-activepassiveδιὰ τοῦτο παρακεκλήμεθα1For this reason we are encouraged
3482CO713v2g6figs-activepassiveἀναπέπαυται τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ πάντων ὑμῶν1his spirit was refreshed by all of you
3492CO714b4uqὅτι εἴ τι αὐτῷ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν κεκαύχημαι1For if I boasted to him about you

For although I boasted to him about you

3502CO714m22cοὐ κατῃσχύνθην1I was not embarrassed

you did not disappoint me

3512CO714q5hgἡ καύχησις ἡμῶν ἡ ἐπὶ Τίτου ἀλήθεια ἐγενήθη1our boasting about you to Titus proved to be true

you proved that our boasting about you to Titus was true

3522CO715d87jfigs-abstractnounsτὴν πάντων ὑμῶν ὑπακοήν1the obedience of all of you
3532CO715g9bzfigs-doubletμετὰ φόβου καὶ τρόμου ἐδέξασθε αὐτόν1you welcomed him with fear and trembling
3542CO715q47hμετὰ φόβου καὶ τρόμου1with fear and trembling
3552CO8introkl7m0
3562CO81mm8g0Connecting Statement:

Having explained his changed plans and his ministry direction, Paul talks about giving.

3572CO81d1mjfigs-activepassiveτὴν χάριν τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν δεδομένην ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις τῆς Μακεδονίας1the grace of God that has been given to the churches of Macedonia
3582CO82fsq8figs-personificationἡ περισσεία τῆς χαρᾶς αὐτῶν καὶ ἡ κατὰ βάθους πτωχεία αὐτῶν, ἐπερίσσευσεν εἰς τὸ πλοῦτος τῆς ἁπλότητος αὐτῶν1the abundance of their joy and the extremity of their poverty have produced great riches of generosity
3592CO82b7k5figs-metaphorἡ περισσεία τῆς χαρᾶς αὐτῶν1the abundance of their joy

Paul speaks of joy as if it were a physical object that could increase in size or quantity. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

3602CO82pr8cἡ κατὰ βάθους πτωχεία αὐτῶν ... τὸ πλοῦτος τῆς ἁπλότητος αὐτῶν1their deep poverty ... the riches of their generosity

Though the churches of Macedonia have suffered testings of affliction and poverty, by God's grace, they have been able to collect money for the believers in Jerusalem.

3612CO82z6mtτὸ πλοῦτος τῆς ἁπλότητος αὐτῶν1the riches of their generosity
3622CO83uad6κατὰ1they gave according to

This refers to the churches in Macedonia.

3632CO83e6ubαὐθαίρετοι1voluntarily

voluntarily

3642CO84nmw8figs-explicitτῆς διακονίας τῆς εἰς τοὺς ἁγίους1this ministry to the saints
3652CO86z42yfigs-explicitπροενήρξατο1he had already begun this task
3662CO86vn4ufigs-explicitἐπιτελέσῃ εἰς ὑμᾶς καὶ τὴν χάριν ταύτην1he would complete among you this act of grace
3672CO87fpe1figs-metaphorἐν ταύτῃ τῇ χάριτι περισσεύητε1you should abound in this act of grace
3682CO88wn2kfigs-explicitδιὰ τῆς ἑτέρων σπουδῆς ... δοκιμάζων1to test ... through the diligence of others

Paul is encouraging the Corinthians to give generously by comparing them with the generosity of the Macedonian churches. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

3692CO89c1chτὴν χάριν τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν1the grace of our Lord
3702CO89iz6zfigs-metaphorδι’ ὑμᾶς ἐπτώχευσεν, πλούσιος ὤν1though he was rich, for your sakes he became poor

Paul speaks of Jesus before his incarnation as being rich, and of his becoming human as becoming poor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

3712CO89j5ymfigs-metaphorὑμεῖς τῇ ἐκείνου πτωχείᾳ πλουτήσητε1through his poverty you might become rich

Paul speaks of the Corinthians becoming spiritually rich as a result of Jesus becoming human. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

3722CO810b7htfigs-explicitἐν τούτῳ1In this matter
3732CO811fc27figs-abstractnounsκαθάπερ ἡ προθυμία τοῦ θέλειν1there was the readiness of your desire
3742CO811d6lyκαὶ τὸ ἐπιτελέσαι1there may be the completion
3752CO812in3vfigs-doubletεὐπρόσδεκτος1it is acceptable
3762CO812k9whκαθὸ ἐὰν ἔχῃ1according to whatever a person has

Giving must be based on what a person has

3772CO813mp6kfigs-explicitγὰρ1For this
3782CO813smk2figs-activepassiveἵνα ἄλλοις ἄνεσις, ὑμῖν θλῖψις1for the ease of others, and your affliction
3792CO813ktd1ἐξ ἰσότητος1for the sake of equality

there should be equality

3802CO814v7ajἵνα καὶ τὸ ἐκείνων περίσσευμα γένηται εἰς τὸ ὑμῶν ὑστέρημα1This is also so that their abundance may supply your need
3812CO815ue8wfigs-activepassiveκαθὼς γέγραπται1as it is written
3822CO815u28yfigs-doublenegativesοὐκ ἠλαττόνησεν1did not have too little
3832CO816cr18figs-synecdocheτῷ διδόντι τὴν αὐτὴν σπουδὴν ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ Τίτου1who put into Titus' heart the same earnest care that I have for you
3842CO816vsm3τὴν αὐτὴν σπουδὴν1same earnest care
3852CO817e4xnfigs-explicitὅτι τὴν μὲν παράκλησιν ἐδέξατο1For he not only accepted our appeal
3862CO818rje2μετ’ αὐτοῦ1with him

with Titus

3872CO818jll9figs-activepassiveτὸν ἀδελφὸν, οὗ ὁ ἔπαινος ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ1the brother who is praised among all of the churches
3882CO819j9rkοὐ μόνον1Not only this

Not only do believers among all of the churches praise him

3892CO819c667figs-activepassiveκαὶ χειροτονηθεὶς ὑπὸ τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν1he also was selected by the churches
3902CO819k7dyσὺν τῇ χάριτι ταύτῃ τῇ διακονουμένῃ ὑφ’ ἡμῶν1along with this act of grace which is being administered by us
3912CO819v22xπροθυμίαν ἡμῶν1our readiness

to demonstrate our eagerness to help

3922CO820a3psfigs-abstractnounsἐν τῇ ἁδρότητι ταύτῃ τῇ διακονουμένῃ ὑφ’ ἡμῶν1concerning this generosity that we are carrying out
3932CO821n4x1προνοοῦμεν γὰρ καλὰ1For we considered beforehand what is right

We are careful to handle this gift in an honorable way

3942CO821ey5nἐνώπιον Κυρίου ... ἐνώπιον ἀνθρώπω1before the Lord ... before people

in the Lord's opinion ... in people's opinion

3952CO822d3yjαὐτοῖς1with them
3962CO823mmi2κοινωνὸς ἐμὸς καὶ εἰς ὑμᾶς συνεργός1he is my partner and fellow worker for you

he is my partner who works with me to help you

3972CO823lat3εἴτε ἀδελφοὶ ἡμῶν1As for our brothers

This refers to the two other men who will accompany Titus.

3982CO823u8lxfigs-activepassiveἀπόστολοι ἐκκλησιῶν1they are sent by the churches
3992CO823a8v2figs-abstractnounsδόξα Χριστοῦ1an honor to Christ
4002CO9introlt8d0

2 Corinthians 09 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with verse 9, which is quoted from the Old Testament.

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Metaphors

Paul uses three agricultural metaphors. He uses them to teach about giving to needy believers. The metaphors help Paul explain that God will reward those who give generously. Paul does not say how or when God will reward them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/reward]])

4012CO91rd2gtranslate-names0General Information:

When Paul refers to Achaia, he is talking about a Roman province located in southern Greece where Corinth is located. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

4022CO91wc5l0Connecting Statement:

Paul continues on the subject of giving. He wants to make sure that the collection of their offering for the needy believers in Jerusalem takes place before he comes so that it does not seem as though he takes advantage of them. He talks about how giving blesses the giver and glorifies God.

4032CO91fxs3figs-explicitτῆς διακονίας εἰς τοὺς ἁγίους1the ministry that is for the saints
4042CO92i529figs-metonymyἈχαΐα παρεσκεύασται1Achaia has been ready
4052CO93r5ppτοὺς ἀδελφούς1the brothers

This refers to Titus and the two men who accompany him.

4062CO93k1erμὴ τὸ καύχημα ἡμῶν, τὸ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν, κενωθῇ1our boasting about you may not be futile

Paul does not want others to think that the things that he had boasted about the Corinthians were false.

4072CO94j8eyεὕρωσιν ὑμᾶς ἀπαρασκευάστους1find you unprepared

find you unprepared to give

4082CO95q1upfigs-goτοὺς ἀδελφοὺς, ἵνα προέλθωσιν εἰς ὑμᾶς1the brothers they they would come to you
4092CO95nm2nfigs-activepassiveμὴ ὡς πλεονεξίαν0not as forced
4102CO96mm9wfigs-metaphorὁ σπείρων ... ἐπ’ εὐλογίαις καὶ θερίσει1the one who sows ... will also reap in blessings

Paul uses the image of a farmer sowing seeds to describe the results of giving. As a farmer's harvest is based on how much he sows, so will God's blessings be little or much based on how generously the Corinthians give. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

4112CO97tzt4figs-metonymyἕκαστος καθὼς προῄρηται τῇ καρδίᾳ1let each one give as he has decided in his heart
4122CO97whg6figs-abstractnounsμὴ ἐκ λύπης ἢ ἐξ ἀνάγκης0not reluctantly or under compulsion
4132CO97t26dἱλαρὸν γὰρ δότην ἀγαπᾷ ὁ Θεός1for God loves a cheerful giver

God wants people to give gladly to help provide for fellow believers.

4142CO98cz9bfigs-metaphorδυνατεῖ δὲ ὁ Θεὸς, πᾶσαν χάριν περισσεῦσαι εἰς ὑμᾶς0God is able to make all grace overflow for you
4152CO98zxz9χάριν1grace

This refers here to the physical things a Christian needs, not to the need for God to save him from his sins.

4162CO98u8w6περισσεύητε εἰς πᾶν ἔργον ἀγαθόν1you may abound in every good work

so that you may be able to do more and more good deeds

4172CO99mma1figs-activepassiveκαθὼς γέγραπται1just as it is written
4182CO910p3flὁ ... ἐπιχορηγῶν1He who supplies

God who supplies

4192CO910b1xefigs-metonymyἄρτον εἰς βρῶσιν1bread for food
4202CO910uts1figs-metaphorχορηγήσει καὶ πληθυνεῖ τὸν σπόρον ὑμῶν1will supply and multiply your seed for sowing
4212CO910ci67figs-metaphorαὐξήσει τὰ γενήματα τῆς δικαιοσύνης ὑμῶν1will increase the fruits of your righteousness
4222CO910yv67τὰ γενήματα τῆς δικαιοσύνης ὑμῶν1the fruits of your righteousness
4232CO911eey1figs-activepassiveπλουτιζόμενοι1enriching you
4242CO911b3e5figs-explicitἥτις κατεργάζεται δι’ ἡμῶν, εὐχαριστίαν τῷ Θεῷ1which produces thanksgiving to God through us
4252CO912l7kqfigs-explicitὅτι ἡ διακονία τῆς λειτουργίας ταύτης1For the ministry of this service
4262CO912esk7figs-metaphorἀλλὰ καὶ περισσεύουσα διὰ πολλῶν εὐχαριστιῶν τῷ Θεῷ1but is also overflowing into many acts of thanksgiving to God
4272CO913plj4figs-activepassiveδιὰ τῆς δοκιμῆς τῆς διακονίας ταύτης1Because of the proof of this ministry
4282CO913ze14δοξάζοντες τὸν Θεὸν ἐπὶ τῇ ὑποταγῇ τῆς ὁμολογίας ὑμῶν εἰς τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τοῦ Χριστοῦ, καὶ ἁπλότητι τῆς κοινωνίας εἰς αὐτοὺς καὶ εἰς πάντας1they glorify God for your obedience ... the generosity of your sharing with them and with everyone

Paul says that the Corinthians will glorify God both by being faithful to Jesus and by giving generously to other believers who have need.

4292CO915es8cἐπὶ τῇ ἀνεκδιηγήτῳ αὐτοῦ δωρεᾷ1for his inexpressible gift
4302CO10introabcd0
4312CO101yc1g0Connecting Statement:

Paul shifts the subject from giving to affirming his authority to teach as he does.

4322CO101gq7jfigs-abstractnounsδιὰ τῆς πραΰτητος καὶ ἐπιεικείας τοῦ Χριστοῦ1by the meekness and gentleness of Christ
4332CO102i6hhτοὺς λογιζομένους1those who regard

who think that

4342CO102ik1pfigs-metonymyὡς κατὰ σάρκα περιπατοῦντας1as walking according to the flesh
4352CO103cvd6figs-metonymyὡς κατὰ σάρκα περιπατοῦντας1as walking according to the flesh
4362CO103k7h8figs-metaphorοὐ ... στρατευόμεθα1we do not wage war

Paul speaks of his trying to persuade the Corinthians to believe him and not the false teachers as if he were fighting a physical war. These words should be translated literally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

4372CO103gpd3figs-metonymyκατὰ σάρκα στρατευόμεθα1wage war according to the flesh
4382CO104uf5sfigs-metaphorτὰ ... ὅπλα τῆς στρατείας ἡμῶν ... λογισμοὺς καθαιροῦντες1the weapons we fight with ... for pulling down arguments
4392CO104d1gjfigs-metonymyοὐ σαρκικὰ1are not fleshly
4402CO105xuz9πᾶν ὕψωμα ἐπαιρόμενον0every high thing that rises up
4412CO105b74dπᾶν ὕψωμα1every high thing

everything that proud people do

4422CO105vm1afigs-metaphorἐπαιρόμενον κατὰ τῆς γνώσεως τοῦ Θεοῦ1rises up against the knowledge of God
4432CO105r2yzfigs-metaphorαἰχμαλωτίζοντες πᾶν νόημα εἰς τὴν ὑπακοὴν τοῦ Χριστοῦ1We take every thought captive into obedience to Christ
4442CO106m4dsfigs-metonymyἐκδικῆσαι πᾶσαν παρακοήν1to avenge every act of disobedience
4452CO107y2ybfigs-rquestionτὰ κατὰ πρόσωπον βλέπετε1You are looking at the appearance of things
4462CO107z1t5λογιζέσθω ἑαυτοῦ1let him remind himself

he needs to remember

4472CO107f3i9καθὼς αὐτὸς Χριστοῦ, οὕτως καὶ ἡμεῖς1that just as he is Christ's, so also are we

that we belong to Christ just as much as he does

4482CO108d4zufigs-metaphorεἰς οἰκοδομὴν καὶ οὐκ εἰς καθαίρεσιν ὑμῶν1to build you up and not to destroy you
4492CO109nw6eἂν ἐκφοβεῖν ὑμᾶς1I would terrify you

I am trying to frighten you

4502CO1010mt6hβαρεῖαι καὶ ἰσχυραί1weighty and forceful

demanding and forceful

4512CO1011m6m6τοῦτο λογιζέσθω ὁ τοιοῦτος1Let such a one consider this

I want such people to be aware

4522CO1011g58zοἷοί ἐσμεν τῷ λόγῳ δι’ ἐπιστολῶν ἀπόντες, τοιοῦτοι καὶ παρόντες τῷ ἔργῳ1what we are in the words of our letters when we are absent is what we will be in our actions when we are there

we will do the same things when we are there with you that we have written about in our letters while we have been away from you

4532CO1011kb55figs-exclusiveἐσμεν1we are

All instances of these words refer to Paul's ministry team but not the Corinthians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])

4542CO1012k94zἐνκρῖναι ἢ συνκρῖναι ἑαυτούς1to group or compare ourselves

to say we are as good as

4552CO1012i85yfigs-parallelismαὐτοὶ ἐν ἑαυτοῖς, ἑαυτοὺς μετροῦντες καὶ συνκρίνοντες ἑαυτοὺς ἑαυτοῖς1they measure themselves by one another and compare themselves with each other

Paul is saying much the same thing twice. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

4562CO1012n8sxfigs-metaphorαὐτοὶ ἐν ἑαυτοῖς, ἑαυτοὺς μετροῦντες1they measure themselves by one another
4572CO1012zwl5οὐ συνιᾶσιν1have no understanding

show everyone that they do not know anything

4582CO1013x79xfigs-metaphor0General Information:
4592CO1013a4udfigs-idiomοὐκ εἰς τὰ ἄμετρα καυχησόμεθα1will not boast beyond limits
4602CO1013u84lκατὰ τὸ μέτρον τοῦ κανόνος, οὗ ἐμέρισεν ἡμῖν ὁ Θεὸς1according to the measure of the area that God has assigned to us

about things under the authority that God

4612CO1013fx2bfigs-metaphorμέτρου, ἐφικέσθαι ἄχρι καὶ ὑμῶν1a measure that reached even as far as you
4622CO1014ay6hοὐ ... ὑπερεκτείνομεν ἑαυτούς1we are not overextending ourselves

did not go beyond our borders

4632CO1015hu9lfigs-idiomοὐκ εἰς τὰ ἄμετρα καυχώμενοι1Neither do we boast beyond limits about
4642CO1016raq7ἀλλοτρίῳ κανόνι1another person's area

an area God has assigned to someone else

4652CO1017q8ccἐν Κυρίῳ καυχάσθω1boast in the Lord

boast about what the Lord has done

4662CO1018h81tὁ ἑαυτὸν συνιστάνων1who commends himself
4672CO1018n5v6figs-activepassiveἐστιν δόκιμος1is approved
4682CO1018sy2rfigs-ellipsisὃν ὁ Κύριος συνίστησιν1the one whom the Lord commends
4692CO11introabce0
4702CO111t7ks0Connecting Statement:

Paul continues to affirm his apostleship.

4712CO111r4q6ἀνείχεσθέ μου μικρόν τι ἀφροσύνης1bear with me in a little bit of foolishness

allow me to act like a fool

4722CO112m6vlζηλῶ ... ζήλῳ1jealous ... jealousy

These words speak of a good, strong desire that the Corinthians be faithful to Christ, and that no one should persuade them to leave him.

4732CO112ee9ifigs-metaphorἡρμοσάμην γὰρ ὑμᾶς ἑνὶ ἀνδρὶ, παρθένον ἁγνὴν παραστῆσαι τῷ Χριστῷ1for I promised you in marriage to one husband, to present you as a pure virgin to Christ
4742CO113l2hrφοβοῦμαι δὲ, μή πως ... τῆς ἁγνότητος τῆς εἰς τὸν Χριστόν1But I am afraid that somehow ... the sincerity and the purity that are in Christ

But I am afraid that somehow your thoughts might be led astray from a sincere and pure devotion to Christ just as the serpent deceived Eve by his craftiness

4752CO113m5znfigs-metaphorφθαρῇ τὰ νοήματα ὑμῶν1your thoughts might be led astray
4762CO114wq57εἰ μὲν γὰρ ὁ ἐρχόμενος1For if one who comes

When anyone comes and

4772CO114l7m8ἢ πνεῦμα ἕτερον λαμβάνετε ὃ οὐκ ἐλάβετε, ἢ εὐαγγέλιον ἕτερον ὃ οὐκ ἐδέξασθε1or you receive a different spirit which you did not receive, or you receive a different gospel which you did not accept

a different spirit than the Holy Spirit, or a different gospel than you received from us

4782CO114fs5zκαλῶς ἀνέχεσθε1you are bearing with it well
4792CO115eet1figs-ironyτῶν ὑπέρ λίαν ἀποστόλων1those super-apostles
4802CO116f8d1figs-litotesοὐ τῇ γνώσει1I am not untrained in knowledge
4812CO117un9vfigs-rquestionἢ ἁμαρτίαν ἐποίησα ἐμαυτὸν ταπεινῶν, ἵνα ὑμεῖς ὑψωθῆτε1Or did I sin by humbling myself so you might be exalted?
4822CO117ax51δωρεὰν τὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ εὐαγγέλιον εὐηγγελισάμην ὑμῖν1freely preached the gospel of God to you

preached the gospel of God to you without expecting anything from you in return

4832CO118k6dsfigs-ironyἄλλας ἐκκλησίας ἐσύλησα1I robbed other churches
4842CO118a416figs-explicitτὴν ὑμῶν διακονίαν1the ministry to you
4852CO119fc6lfigs-explicitἐν παντὶ ἀβαρῆ ἐμαυτὸν ὑμῖν ἐτήρησα1In everything I have kept myself from being a burden to you
4862CO119a23kοἱ ἀδελφοὶ ἐλθόντες1the brothers who came
4872CO119b35rτηρήσω1I will continue to do that

I never will be a burden to you

4882CO1110si2rἔστιν ἀλήθεια Χριστοῦ ἐν ἐμοὶ1the truth of Christ is in me
4892CO1110nae3figs-activepassiveἡ καύχησις αὕτη οὐ φραγήσεται εἰς ἐμὲ1this boasting of mine will not be silenced
4902CO1110ua2iἡ καύχησις αὕτη ... εἰς ἐμὲ1this boasting of mine

This refers to what Paul spoke about starting in (2 Corinthians 11:7).

4912CO1110ry9cτοῖς κλίμασι τῆς Ἀχαΐας1the regions of Achaia
4922CO1111zqu5figs-rquestionδιὰ τί? ὅτι οὐκ ἀγαπῶ ὑμᾶς?1Why? Because I do not love you?
4932CO1111rj6ffigs-ellipsisὁ Θεὸς οἶδεν1God knows
4942CO1112si5d0Connecting Statement:

As Paul continues to affirm his apostleship, he talks about false apostles.

4952CO1112d9slfigs-metaphorἵνα ἐκκόψω τὴν ἀφορμὴν1in order that I may take away the opportunity
4962CO1112t4jsfigs-activepassiveεὑρεθῶσιν καθὼς καὶ ἡμεῖς1they may be regarded as equal to us
4972CO1113ml66οἱ γὰρ τοιοῦτοι1For such people

I do what I do because people like them

4982CO1113nq3tἐργάται δόλιοι1deceitful workers

dishonest workers

4992CO1113y896μετασχηματιζόμενοι εἰς ἀποστόλους1disguising themselves as apostles

are not apostles, but they try to make themselves look like apostles

5002CO1114v9z4figs-litotesοὐ θαῦμα1no wonder
5012CO1114ss7sὁ Σατανᾶς μετασχηματίζεται εἰς ἄγγελον φωτός1Satan disguises himself as an angel of light

Satan is not an angel of light, but he tries to make himself look like an angel of light

5022CO1114mld4figs-metaphorἄγγελον φωτός1an angel of light
5032CO1115fvx7figs-litotesοὐ μέγα1it is no great thing
5042CO1115sb58καὶ οἱ διάκονοι αὐτοῦ μετασχηματίζονται ὡς διάκονοι δικαιοσύνης1his servants also disguise themselves as servants of righteousness

his servants are not servants of righteousness, but they try to make themselves look like servants of righteousness

5052CO1116s962ὡς ἄφρονα δέξασθέ με, ἵνα κἀγὼ μικρόν τι καυχήσωμαι1receive me as a fool so I may boast a little

receive me as you would receive a fool: let me talk, and consider my boasting the words of a fool

5062CO1118t4icfigs-metonymyκατὰ σάρκα στρατευόμεθα1according to the flesh
5072CO1119u8f3ἀνέχεσθε τῶν ἀφρόνων1put up with the foolish
5082CO1119si6lfigs-ironyφρόνιμοι ὄντες1being wise
5092CO1120lu7dfigs-metaphorὑμᾶς καταδουλοῖ1enslaves you
5102CO1120sr4nfigs-metaphorκατεσθίει1he consumes you
5112CO1120yn5tλαμβάνει1takes advantage of you

A person takes advantage of another person by knowing things that the other person does not and using that knowledge to help himself and harm the other person.

5122CO1121n8s9figs-ironyκατὰ ἀτιμίαν λέγω ὡς ὅτι ἡμεῖς ἠσθενήκαμεν!1I will say to our shame that we were too weak to do that
5132CO1121v8a3δ’ ἄν τις τολμᾷ (ἐν ἀφροσύνῃ λέγω), τολμῶ κἀγώ1Yet if anyone boasts ... I too will boast

Whatever anyone boasts about ... I will dare to boast about it also

5142CO1122qi8w0Connecting Statement:

As Paul continues to confirm his apostleship, he states specific things that have happened to him since he became a believer.

5152CO1122jdq8figs-rquestionἙβραῖοί εἰσιν? ... Ἰσραηλεῖταί εἰσιν? ... σπέρμα Ἀβραάμ εἰσιν?1Are they Hebrews? ... Are they Israelites? ... Are they descendants of Abraham?
5162CO1123a4tzfigs-rquestionδιάκονοι Χριστοῦ εἰσιν? (παραφρονῶν λαλῶ), ὑπὲρ ἐγώ1Are they servants of Christ? (I speak as though I were out of my mind.) I am more
5172CO1123bq23παραφρονῶν λαλῶ1as though I were out of my mind

as though I were unable to think well

5182CO1123vy54figs-ellipsisὑπὲρ ἐγώ1I am more
5192CO1123s8wqἐν κόποις περισσοτέρως1in even more hard work

I have worked harder

5202CO1123dr6xἐν φυλακαῖς περισσοτέρως1 in far more imprisonments

I have been in prisons more often

5212CO1123cs3ffigs-idiomἐν πληγαῖς ὑπερβαλλόντως1in beatings beyond measure
5222CO1123r6jvἐν θανάτοις πολλάκις1in facing many dangers of death

and I have almost died many times

5232CO1124ttz2τεσσεράκοντα παρὰ μίαν1forty lashes minus one

This was a common expression for being whipped 39 times. In Jewish law the most they were allowed to whip a person at one time was forty lashes. So they commonly whipped a person thirty-nine times so that they would be guilty of whipping someone too many times if the accidentally counted wrong.

5242CO1125u9xcfigs-activepassiveἐραβδίσθην1I was beaten with rods
5252CO1125xk9wfigs-activepassiveἐλιθάσθην1I was stoned
5262CO1125b4kzνυχθήμερον ἐν τῷ βυθῷ πεποίηκα1I have spent a night and a day on the open sea

Paul was referring to floating in the water after the ship he was on sank.

5272CO1126b3j9figs-explicitκινδύνοις ἐν ψευδαδέλφοις1in danger from false brothers
5282CO1127ds5hfigs-hyperboleγυμνότητι1nakedness
5292CO1128n1q5figs-metaphorἡ ἐπίστασίς μοι ἡ καθ’ ἡμέραν, ἡ μέριμνα πασῶν τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν1there is the daily pressure on me of my anxiety
5302CO1129fvz6figs-rquestionτίς ἀσθενεῖ, καὶ οὐκ ἀσθενῶ?1Who is weak, and I am not weak?
5312CO1129hhb2figs-metaphorτίς ἀσθενεῖ, καὶ οὐκ ἀσθενῶ?1Who is weak, and I am not weak?
5322CO1129g5amfigs-rquestionτίς σκανδαλίζεται, καὶ οὐκ ἐγὼ πυροῦμαι?1Who has been caused to stumble, and I do not burn?
5332CO1129xu57figs-metaphorσκανδαλίζεται1has been caused to stumble
5342CO1129jb4vfigs-metaphorοὐκ ἐγὼ πυροῦμαι1I do not burn
5352CO1130gxe6τὰ τῆς ἀσθενείας1what shows my weaknesses

what shows how weak I am

5362CO1131yx8zfigs-litotesοὐ ψεύδομαι1I am not lying
5372CO1132n383ὁ ἐθνάρχης Ἁρέτα τοῦ βασιλέως ἐφρούρει τὴν πόλιν1the governor under King Aretas was guarding the city

the governor whom King Aretas had appointed had told men to guard the city

5382CO1132j7deπιάσαι με1to arrest me

so that they might catch and arrest me

5392CO1133i8xafigs-activepassiveἐν σαργάνῃ ἐχαλάσθην1I was lowered in a basket
5402CO1133aw7dfigs-metonymyτὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ1from his hands
5412CO12introabcf0
5422CO121iwn30Connecting Statement:

In defending his apostleship from God, Paul continues to state specific things that have happened to him since he became a believer.

5432CO121iur3ἐλεύσομαι1I will go on to

I will continue talking, but now about

5442CO121rb42figs-hendiadysὀπτασίας καὶ ἀποκαλύψεις Κυρίου1visions and revelations from the Lord
5452CO122cz7uοἶδα ἄνθρωπον ἐν Χριστῷ1I know a man in Christ

Paul is actually speaking of himself as if he were speaking of someone else, but this should be translated literally if possible.

5462CO122fth2εἴτε ἐν σώματι οὐκ οἶδα, εἴτε ἐκτὸς τοῦ σώματος οὐκ οἶδα1whether in the body, I do not know, or out of the body, I do not know
5472CO122k4awτρίτου οὐρανοῦ1the third heaven

This refers to the dwelling place of God rather than the sky or outer space (the planets, stars, and the universe).

5482CO123cju30General Information:

Paul continues to speak of himself as though he were speaking of someone else.

5492CO124qv5hἡρπάγη εἰς τὸν Παράδεισον1was caught up into paradise
5502CO124wm7yἡρπάγη1caught up

suddenly and forcefully held and taken

5512CO124ic45τὸν Παράδεισον1paradise

Possible meanings are 1) heaven or 2) the third heaven or 3) a special place in heaven.

5522CO125hpq6τοῦ τοιούτου1of such a person

of that person

5532CO125i12fοὐ καυχήσομαι, εἰ μὴ ἐν ταῖς ἀσθενείαις1I will not boast, except about my weaknesses
5542CO126vg130Connecting Statement:

As Paul defends his apostleship from God, he tells of the weakness that God gave him to keep him humble.

5552CO126p8fmμή τις εἰς ἐμὲ λογίσηται ὑπὲρ ὃ βλέπει με, ἢ ἀκούει ἐξ ἐμοῦ0no one will think more of me than what he sees in me or hears from me

no one will give me more credit than what he sees in me or hears from me

5562CO127v5s70General Information:

This verse reveals that Paul was speaking about himself beginning in 2 Corinthians 12:2.

5572CO127xxi2καὶ τῇ ὑπερβολῇ τῶν ἀποκαλύψεων1because of the surpassing greatness of the revelations

because those revelations were so much greater than anything anyone else had ever seen

5582CO127hu8gfigs-activepassiveἐδόθη μοι σκόλοψ τῇ σαρκί1a thorn in the flesh was given to me
5592CO127q5e7figs-metaphorσκόλοψ τῇ σαρκί1a thorn in the flesh
5602CO127q7lzἄγγελος Σατανᾶ1a messenger from Satan

a servant of Satan

5612CO127ehp9ὑπεραίρωμαι2overly proud

too proud

5622CO128n76pτρὶς1Three times
5632CO128wc7rὑπὲρ τούτου ... τὸν Κύριον1Lord about this
5642CO129nr2jἀρκεῖ σοι ἡ χάρις μου1My grace is enough for you

I will be kind to you, and that is all you need

5652CO129cs63ἡ γὰρ δύναμις ἐν ἀσθενείᾳ τελεῖται1for power is made perfect in weakness

for my power works best when you are weak

5662CO129g8mifigs-metaphorἐπισκηνώσῃ ἐπ’ ἐμὲ ἡ δύναμις τοῦ Χριστοῦ1the power of Christ might reside on me
5672CO1210pxf1εὐδοκῶ ἐν ἀσθενείαις, ἐν ὕβρεσιν, ἐν ἀνάγκαις, ἐν διωγμοῖς, καὶ στενοχωρίαις, ὑπὲρ Χριστοῦ1I am content for Christ's sake in weaknesses, in insults, in troubles, in persecutions and distressing situations
5682CO1210s5sxἐν ἀσθενείαις1in weaknesses

when I am weak

5692CO1210xl8qἐν ὕβρεσιν1in insults

when people try to make me angry by saying that I am a bad person

5702CO1210hza1ἐν ἀνάγκαις1in troubles

when I am suffering

5712CO1210c4t2στενοχωρίαις1distressing situations

when there is trouble

5722CO1210t7qgὅταν γὰρ ἀσθενῶ, τότε δυνατός εἰμι1For whenever I am weak, then I am strong

Paul is saying that when he is no longer strong enough to do what needs to be done, Christ, who is more powerful than Paul could ever be, will work through Paul to do what needs to be done. However, it would be best to translate these words literally, if your language allows.

5732CO1211uph40Connecting Statement:

Paul reminds the believers in Corinth of the true signs of an apostle and of his humility before them to strengthen them.

5742CO1211a1ymγέγονα ἄφρων1I have become a fool

I am acting like a fool

5752CO1211pzw1ὑμεῖς με ἠναγκάσατε1You forced me to this

You forced me to talk this way

5762CO1211v2lrfigs-activepassiveἐγὼ ... ὤφειλον ὑφ’ ὑμῶν συνίστασθαι1I should have been commended by you
5772CO1211f644συνίστασθαι1commended
5782CO1211h4d5figs-litotesγὰρ ὑστέρησα1For I was not at all inferior
5792CO1211s82xfigs-ironyτῶν ὑπέρ λίαν ἀποστόλων1super-apostles
5802CO1212kp5lfigs-activepassiveτὰ μὲν σημεῖα τοῦ ἀποστόλου κατειργάσθη1indeed the signs of an apostle were performed
5812CO1212mka5σημεῖα ... σημείοις1signs ... signs

Use the same word both times.

5822CO1212d4umσημείοις τε, καὶ τέρασιν, καὶ δυνάμεσιν1signs and wonders and mighty deeds
5832CO1213z35efigs-rquestionτί γάρ ἐστιν ὃ ἡσσώθητε ὑπὲρ τὰς λοιπὰς ἐκκλησίας, εἰ μὴ ὅτι αὐτὸς ἐγὼ οὐ κατενάρκησα ὑμῶν?1how were you less important than the rest of the churches, except that ... you?
5842CO1213d426ἐγὼ οὐ κατενάρκησα ὑμῶν1I was not a burden to you

I did not ask you for money or other things I needed

5852CO1213sy7vfigs-ironyχαρίσασθέ μοι τὴν ἀδικίαν ταύτην!1Forgive me for this wrong!

Paul is being ironic to shame the Corinthians. Both he and they know that he has done them no wrong, but they have been treating him as though he has wronged them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])

5862CO1213u1w9τὴν ἀδικίαν ταύτην1this wrong

not asking them for money and other things he needed

5872CO1214ugk1figs-explicitἀλλὰ ὑμᾶς1but you
5882CO1214wd97οὐ ... ὀφείλει τὰ τέκνα τοῖς γονεῦσιν θησαυρίζειν1children should not save up for the parents

Young children are not responsible for saving money or other goods to give to their healthy parents.

5892CO1215vj2mfigs-metaphorἐγὼ ... ἥδιστα δαπανήσω καὶ ἐκδαπανηθήσομαι1I will most gladly spend and be spent
5902CO1215nk8vfigs-metonymyὑπὲρ τῶν ψυχῶν ὑμῶν1for your souls
5912CO1215t3nafigs-rquestionεἰ περισσοτέρως ὑμᾶς ἀγαπῶν, ἧσσον ἀγαπῶμαι?1If I love you more, am I to be loved less?
5922CO1215j887περισσοτέρως1more
5932CO1216ur5xfigs-ironyἀλλὰ ὑπάρχων πανοῦργος δόλῳ, ὑμᾶς ἔλαβον1But, since I am so crafty, I am the one who caught you by deceit
5942CO1217vb7qfigs-rquestionμή τινα ὧν ἀπέσταλκα πρὸς ὑμᾶς, δι’ αὐτοῦ ἐπλεονέκτησα ὑμᾶς?1I did not take advantage of you by any of those whom I sent to you, did I?
5952CO1218pjl2figs-rquestionμήτι ἐπλεονέκτησεν ὑμᾶς Τίτος?1Titus did not take advantage of you, did he?
5962CO1218acg6figs-rquestionοὐ τῷ αὐτῷ πνεύματι περιεπατήσαμεν1Did we not walk in the same way?
5972CO1218k6b3figs-rquestionοὐ τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἴχνεσιν?1Did we not walk in the same steps?
5982CO1219g1iwfigs-rquestionπάλαι δοκεῖτε ὅτι ὑμῖν ἀπολογούμεθα?1Do you think all of this time we have been defending ourselves to you?
5992CO1219ih3efigs-metaphorκατέναντι Θεοῦ1Before God
6002CO1219vg3ufigs-metaphorὑπὲρ ὑμῶν οἰκοδομῆς1for your strengthening
6012CO1220cu6sοὐχ οἵους θέλω, εὕρω ὑμᾶς1I may not find you as I wish
6022CO1220zy6gκἀγὼ εὑρεθῶ ὑμῖν οἷον οὐ θέλετε1I may not be found by you as you wish

you might not like what you see in me

6032CO1220rh1hfigs-abstractnounsμή πως ἔρις, ζῆλος, θυμοί, ἐριθεῖαι, καταλαλιαί, ψιθυρισμοί, φυσιώσεις, ἀκαταστασίαι1there may be quarreling, jealousy, outbursts of anger, rivalries, slander, gossip, arrogance, and disorder
6042CO1221ddw3πενθήσω πολλοὺς τῶν προημαρτηκότων,1I might be grieved by many of those who have sinned

I will be grieved because many of them have not given up their old sins

6052CO1221hq1efigs-parallelismμὴ μετανοησάντων ἐπὶ τῇ ἀκαθαρσίᾳ, καὶ πορνείᾳ, καὶ ἀσελγείᾳ\1did not repent of the impurity and sexual immorality and lustful indulgence
6062CO1221rh22figs-abstractnounsἐπὶ τῇ ἀκαθαρσίᾳ1of the impurity
6072CO1221rn6ufigs-abstractnounsἐπὶ τῇ ... πορνείᾳ1of the ... sexual immorality
6082CO1221yyr5figs-abstractnounsἐπὶ τῇ ... ἀσελγείᾳ1of the ... lustful indulgence
6092CO13introabcg0
6102CO131y8fz0Connecting Statement:

Paul establishes that Christ is speaking through him and that Paul is wanting to restore them, encourage them, and unify them.

6112CO131slj1figs-activepassiveἐπὶ στόματος δύο μαρτύρων καὶ τριῶν σταθήσεται πᾶν ῥῆμα1Every matter must be established by the evidence of two or three witnesses
6122CO132fxl6τοῖς λοιποῖς πᾶσιν1all the rest

all you other people

6132CO134a1bffigs-activepassiveἐσταυρώθη1he was crucified
6142CO134zeh1ἀλλὰ ζήσομεν σὺν αὐτῷ ἐκ δυνάμεως Θεοῦ1but we will live with him by the power of God

God gives us the power and ability to live life in and with him.

6152CO135sbx4ἐν ὑμῖν1in you
6162CO137u75efigs-litotesμὴ ποιῆσαι ὑμᾶς κακὸν μηδέν1that you may not do any wrong
6172CO137gt2eδόκιμοι1to have passed the test

to be great teachers and live the truth

6182CO138a3l7οὐ ... δυνάμεθά τι κατὰ τῆς ἀληθείας1we are not able to do anything against the truth

we are not able to keep people from learning the truth

6192CO138bt3cτῆς ἀληθείας, ἀλλὰ ὑπὲρ τῆς ἀληθείας2the truth, but only for the truth

truth; everything we do will enable people to learn the truth

6202CO139vt7bτὴν ὑμῶν κατάρτισιν1for your perfection

may become spiritually mature

6212CO1310rlm8figs-metaphorεἰς οἰκοδομὴν καὶ οὐκ εἰς καθαίρεσιν.1for building up, and not for tearing down
6222CO1311uk1p0Connecting Statement:

Paul closes his letter to the Corinthian believers.

6232CO1311fm8mκαταρτίζεσθε1Be restored

Work toward maturity

6242CO1311diw1τὸ αὐτὸ φρονεῖτε1be of the same mind

live in harmony with one another

6252CO1312p1nhἐν ἁγίῳ φιλήματι1with a holy kiss

with Christian love

6262CO1312x2qdοἱ ἅγιοι1the saints

those whom God has set apart for himself