en_tn/en_tn_45-ACT.tsv

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1BookChapterVerseIDSupportReferenceOrigQuoteOccurrenceGLQuoteOccurrenceNote
2ACTfrontintromw280
3ACT1introvyg90
4ACT11q9epτὸν μὲν πρῶτον λόγον ἐποιησάμην 1The former book I wrote

The former book is the Gospel of Luke.

5ACT11ryj5translate-namesὦ Θεόφιλε 1Theophilus
6ACT12n435figs-activepassiveἄχρι ἧς ἡμέρας ... ἀνελήμφθη 1until the day that he was taken up
7ACT12a394ἐντειλάμενος ... διὰ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου 1commands through the Holy Spirit

The Holy Spirit led Jesus to instruct his apostles on certain things.

8ACT13dup3μετὰ τὸ παθεῖν αὐτὸν 1After his suffering

This refers to Jesus' suffering and death on the cross.

9ACT13yc16οἷς ... παρέστησεν ἑαυτὸν ζῶντα 1he presented himself alive to them

Jesus appeared to his apostles and to many other disciples.

10ACT14d3krfigs-you0General Information:
11ACT14lw3e0Connecting Statement:

This event happened during the 40 days that Jesus appeared to his followers after he had risen from the dead.

12ACT14vb7gκαὶ συναλιζόμενος 1When he was meeting together with them
13ACT14sg4hfigs-metonymyτὴν ἐπαγγελίαν τοῦ Πατρὸς 1the promise of the Father
14ACT14tj6rἣν1about which, he said
15ACT15uu4kἸωάννης μὲν ἐβάπτισεν ὕδατι; ... ἐν Πνεύματι βαπτισθήσεσθε Ἁγίῳ 1John indeed baptized with water ... baptized in the Holy Spirit

Jesus contrasts how John baptized people in water with how God would baptize believers in the Holy Spirit.

16ACT15fnq5Ἰωάννης μὲν ἐβάπτισεν ὕδατι 1John indeed baptized with water
17ACT15dzj1figs-activepassiveὑμεῖς ... βαπτισθήσεσθε 1you shall be baptized
18ACT16n9wt0General Information:
19ACT16f7ujεἰ ἐν τῷ χρόνῳ τούτῳ, ἀποκαθιστάνεις τὴν βασιλείαν τῷ Ἰσραήλ 1is this the time you will restore the kingdom to Israel
20ACT17y1fufigs-doubletχρόνους ἢ καιροὺς 1the times or the seasons
21ACT18ld4kλήμψεσθε δύναμιν, ... καὶ ἔσεσθέ μου μάρτυρες, 1you will receive power ... and you will be my witnesses
22ACT18vb4mfigs-idiomἕως ἐσχάτου τῆς γῆς 1to the ends of the earth
23ACT19e1q1figs-explicitβλεπόντων αὐτῶν 1as they were looking up
24ACT19l1cqfigs-activepassiveἐπήρθη1he was raised up
25ACT19ug58νεφέλη ὑπέλαβεν αὐτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν αὐτῶν 1a cloud hid him from their eyes
26ACT110enu1ἀτενίζοντες ... εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν 1looking intensely to heaven
27ACT111gpg3ἄνδρες, Γαλιλαῖοι 1You men of Galilee

The angels address the apostles as men who are from Galilee.

28ACT111cue7ἐλεύσεται ὃν τρόπον 1will return in the same manner

Jesus will return in the sky, just as clouds covered him when he arose into heaven.

29ACT112x2nkτότε ὑπέστρεψαν 1Then they returned
30ACT112p19gfigs-explicitΣαββάτου ἔχον ὁδόν 1a Sabbath day's journey
31ACT113vis2καὶ ὅτε εἰσῆλθον 1When they arrived
32ACT113zt12τὸ ὑπερῷον 1the upper chamber
33ACT114z6cfοὗτοι πάντες ἦσαν ... ὁμοθυμαδὸ 1They were all united as one

This means that the apostles and believers there all shared a common commitment and purpose, and there was no strife among them.

34ACT114u4prπροσκαρτεροῦντες ... τῇ προσευχῇ 1as they diligently continued in prayer

This means that the disciples prayed together regularly and frequently.

35ACT115cup20Connecting Statement:

This event happened during the time that Peter and the other believers were staying together in the upper room.

36ACT115il8wwriting-neweventἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις 1In those days
37ACT115tl5mtranslate-numbersἑκατὸν εἴκοσι 1120 people
38ACT115liz1ἐν μέσῳ τῶν ἀδελφῶν 1in the midst of the brothers
39ACT116i8tlfigs-activepassiveἔδει πληρωθῆναι τὴν Γραφὴν 1it was necessary that the scripture should be fulfilled
40ACT116f3umfigs-metonymyδιὰ στόματος Δαυεὶδ 1by the mouth of David
41ACT117tmv1writing-background0General Information:

In verses 18-19 the author tells the reader background information about how Judas died and what people called the field where he died. This is not part of Peter's speech. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

42ACT117tmv1figs-exclusive0General Information:
43ACT117q73y0Connecting Statement:

In verse 17 Peter continues his speech to the believers that he began in Acts 1:16.

44ACT118dd58οὗτος ... οὖν 1Now this man
45ACT118w83jfigs-explicitμισθοῦ τῆς ἀδικίας 1the earnings he received for his wickedness
46ACT118kg3qfigs-explicitπρηνὴς γενόμενος, ἐλάκησεν μέσος, καὶ ἐξεχύθη πάντα τὰ σπλάγχνα αὐτοῦ 1there he fell headfirst, and his body burst open, and all his intestines poured out

This suggests that Judas fell from a high place, rather than just falling down. The fall was severe enough to cause his body to burst open. Other passages of scripture mention that he hanged himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

47ACT119mxf3Χωρίον Αἵματος 1Field of Blood

When the people living in Jerusalem heard of the way in which Judas died, they renamed the field.

48ACT120d7pk0General Information:

Based on the situation with Judas that Peter just recounted, he recalls two Psalms of David that relate to the incident. The quote ends at the end of this verse.

49ACT120mz130Connecting Statement:

Peter continues his speech to the believers that he began in Acts 1:16.

50ACT120ip5wfigs-activepassiveγέγραπται γὰρ ἐν βίβλῳ Ψαλμῶν 1For it is written in the Book of Psalms
51ACT120mc45figs-parallelismγενηθήτω‘ ἡ ἔπαυλις αὐτοῦ ἔρημος, καὶ μὴ ἔστω ὁ κατοικῶν ἐν αὐτῇ 1Let his field be made desolate, and do not let even one person live there

These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

52ACT120chq4figs-metaphorγενηθήτω‘ ἡ ἔπαυλις αὐτοῦ ἔρημος 1Let his field be made desolate
53ACT120lsm2γενηθήτω ... ἔρημος 1be made desolate
54ACT121xz69figs-exclusive0General Information:
55ACT121t9160Connecting Statement:

Peter finishes his speech to the believers that he began in Acts 1:16.

56ACT121c5k2δεῖ οὖν 1It is necessary, therefore

Based on the scriptures that he quoted and on what Judas had done, Peter tells the group what they must do.

57ACT121zuf7figs-idiomεἰσῆλθεν καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ἐφ’ ἡμᾶς ὁ Κύριος Ἰησοῦς 1the Lord Jesus went in and out among us
58ACT122mrx7ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ τοῦ βαπτίσματος Ἰωάννου ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ἧς ἀνελήμφθη ἀφ’ ἡμῶν, μάρτυρα τῆς ἀναστάσεως αὐτοῦ σὺν ἡμῖν, γενέσθαι ἕνα τούτων 1beginning from the baptism of John ... become a witness with us of his resurrection
59ACT122qb8jfigs-abstractnounsἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ τοῦ βαπτίσματος Ἰωάννου 1beginning from the baptism of John
60ACT122yi3afigs-activepassiveἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ἧς ἀνελήμφθη ἀφ’ ἡμῶν 1to the day that he was taken up from us
61ACT122g3n9μάρτυρα τῆς ἀναστάσεως αὐτοῦ σὺν ἡμῖν, γενέσθαι 1become a witness with us of his resurrection
62ACT123lz7yfigs-explicitἔστησαν δύο 1They put forward two men
63ACT123s1fffigs-activepassiveἸωσὴφ τὸν καλούμενον Βαρσαββᾶν, ὃς ἐπεκλήθη Ἰοῦστος 1Joseph called Barsabbas, who was also named Justus
64ACT124zd1ffigs-explicitπροσευξάμενοι, εἶπαν 1They prayed and said
65ACT124se6mfigs-metonymyσὺ Κύριε, καρδιογνῶστα πάντων 1You, Lord, know the hearts of all people
66ACT125mg47figs-doubletλαβεῖν τὸν τόπον τῆς διακονίας ταύτης καὶ ἀποστολῆς 1to take the place in this ministry and apostleship
67ACT125ryv6ἀφ’ ἧς παρέβη Ἰούδας 1from which Judas turned away
68ACT125tx6nfigs-euphemismπορευθῆναι εἰς τὸν τόπον τὸν ἴδιον 1to go to his own place
69ACT126r84cἔδωκαν κλήρους αὐτοῖς 1They cast lots for them

The apostles cast lots to decide between Joseph and Matthias.

70ACT126w4phἔπεσεν ὁ κλῆρος ἐπὶ Μαθθίαν 1the lot fell to Matthias

The lot indicated that Matthias was the one to replace Judas.

71ACT126fk4xfigs-activepassiveσυνκατεψηφίσθη μετὰ τῶν ἕνδεκα ἀποστόλων 1he was numbered with the eleven apostles
72ACT2introx8fr1
73ACT21i4sa0General Information:

This is a new event; it is now the Day of Pentecost, 50 days after Passover.

74ACT21i4sa0General Information:
75ACT22jc1wἄφνω1Suddenly

This word refers to an event that happens unexpectedly.

76ACT22qjc3ἐγένετο ... ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἦχος 1there came from heaven a sound
77ACT22jec5ἦχος, ὥσπερ φερομένης πνοῆς βιαίας 1a sound like the rush of a violent wind
78ACT22t4y4ὅλον τὸν οἶκον 1the whole house

This may have been a house or a larger building.

79ACT23re3tfigs-simileὤφθησαν αὐτοῖς ... γλῶσσαι ὡσεὶ πυρός 1There appeared to them tongues like fire

These might not be actual tongues or fire, but something that looked like them. Possible meanings are 1) tongues that looked like they were made of fire or 2) small flames of fire that looked like tongues. When fire burns in a small space, such as on a lamp, the flame can be shaped like a tongue. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

80ACT23xtk4διαμεριζόμεναι ... καὶ ἐκάθισεν ἐφ’ ἕνα ἕκαστον αὐτῶν 1that were distributed, and they sat upon each one of them
81ACT24v7hifigs-activepassiveἐπλήσθησαν πάντες Πνεύματος Ἁγίου, καὶ 1They were all filled with the Holy Spirit and
82ACT24nr9fλαλεῖν ἑτέραις γλώσσαις 1speak in other tongues

They were speaking in languages that they did not already know.

83ACT25dz1lwriting-background0General Information:
84ACT25yft2ἄνδρες εὐλαβεῖς 1godly men
85ACT25stq9figs-hyperboleπαντὸς ἔθνους τῶν ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανόν 1every nation under heaven
86ACT26bpj7figs-activepassiveγενομένης δὲ τῆς φωνῆς ταύτης 1When this sound was heard
87ACT26u9hcτὸ πλῆθος 1the multitude
88ACT27m8kdfigs-doubletἐξίσταντο δὲ πάντες καὶ ἐθαύμαζον 1They were amazed and marveled
89ACT27wnk2figs-rquestionοὐχ ἰδοὺ, ἅπαντες οὗτοί εἰσιν οἱ λαλοῦντες Γαλιλαῖοι 1Really, are not all these who are speaking Galileans?
90ACT28hzm8figs-rquestionκαὶ πῶς ἡμεῖς ἀκούομεν ἕκαστος τῇ ἰδίᾳ διαλέκτῳ ἡμῶν, ἐν ᾗ ἐγεννήθημεν 1Why is it that we are hearing them, each in our own language in which we were born?

Possible meanings are 1) this is a rhetorical question that expresses how amazed they were or 2) this is a real question for which the people wanted an answer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

91ACT28wb5tτῇ ἰδίᾳ διαλέκτῳ ἡμῶν, ἐν ᾗ ἐγεννήθημεν 1in our own language in which we were born
92ACT29f1vetranslate-namesΠάρθοι, ... Μῆδοι, ... Ἐλαμεῖται 1Parthians ... Medes ... Elamites

These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

93ACT29dm23translate-namesτὴν Μεσοποταμίαν, Ἰουδαίαν; ... Καππαδοκίαν, Πόντον, ... Ἀσίαν; 1Mesopotamia ... Judea ... Cappadocia ... Pontus ... Asia

These are names of large areas of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

94ACT210tmb4translate-namesΦρυγίαν, ... Παμφυλίαν, Αἴγυπτον, ... Λιβύης ... Κυρήνην 1Phrygia ... Pamphylia ... Egypt ... Libya ... Cyrene

These are names of large areas of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

95ACT211jnp7translate-namesΚρῆτες ... Ἄραβες 1Cretans ... Arabians

These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

96ACT211w8jyπροσήλυτοι1proselytes

converts to the Jewish religion

97ACT212el2ffigs-doubletἐξίσταντο ... καὶ διηποροῦντο 1amazed and perplexed
98ACT213fg59figs-idiomγλεύκους μεμεστωμένοι εἰσίν 1They are full of new wine
99ACT213jj1nγλεύκους1new wine

This refers to wine that is in the process of fermentation.

100ACT214k5hr0Connecting Statement:

Peter begins his speech to the Jews who were there on the Day of Pentecost.

101ACT214c919σταθεὶς ... σὺν τοῖς ἕνδεκα 1stood with the eleven

All the apostles stood up in support of Peter's statement.

102ACT214d9tbἐπῆρεν τὴν φωνὴν αὐτοῦ 1raised his voice
103ACT214ei5jfigs-activepassiveτοῦτο ὑμῖν γνωστὸν ἔστω 1let this be known to you
104ACT214qp16figs-metonymyἐνωτίσασθε τὰ ῥήματά μου 1pay attention to my words
105ACT215h28qfigs-explicitγὰρ ... ὥρα τρίτη τῆς ἡμέρας 1it is only the third hour of the day
106ACT216ktw90General Information:

Here Peter tells them a passage about which the prophet Joel wrote in the Old Testament that relates to what is happening with the languages in which the believers spoke. This is written in the form of poetry as well as being a quotation.

107ACT216f9hzfigs-activepassiveτοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ εἰρημένον διὰ τοῦ προφήτου Ἰωήλ 1this is what was spoken through the prophet Joel
108ACT217ijl8ἔσται1It will be
109ACT217u2d1figs-idiomἐκχεῶ‘ ἀπὸ τοῦ Πνεύματός μου ἐπὶ πᾶσαν σάρκα 1I will pour out my Spirit on all people
110ACT218uwd70Connecting Statement:

Peter continues to quote the prophet Joel.

111ACT218nd34τοὺς δούλους μου, καὶ ἐπὶ τὰς δούλας 1my servants and my female servants
112ACT218wz2ifigs-idiomἐκχεῶ ἀπὸ τοῦ Πνεύματός μου 1I will pour out my Spirit
113ACT219p5ziἀτμίδα καπνοῦ 1vapor of smoke
114ACT220ylv70Connecting Statement:

Peter finishes quoting the prophet Joel.

115ACT220a6yhfigs-activepassiveὁ ἥλιος μεταστραφήσεται εἰς σκότος 1The sun will be turned to darkness
116ACT220f34kfigs-metaphorἡ σελήνη εἰς αἷμα 1the moon to blood
117ACT220swb2figs-doubletἡμέραν ... τὴν μεγάλην καὶ ἐπιφανῆ 1the great and remarkable day
118ACT220lc4gἐπιφανῆ1remarkable

great and beautiful

119ACT221vql5figs-activepassiveπᾶς ὃς ἂν ἐπικαλέσηται τὸ ὄνομα Κυρίου σωθήσεται 1everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved
120ACT222sa780Connecting Statement:

Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in Acts 1:16.

121ACT222g6vjἀκούσατε τοὺς λόγους τούτους 1hear these words
122ACT222f2t1ἀποδεδειγμένον ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ εἰς ὑμᾶς δυνάμεσι, καὶ τέρασι, καὶ σημείοις 1accredited to you by God with the mighty deeds, and wonders, and signs

This means that God proved that he had appointed Jesus for his mission, and proved who he was by his many miracles.

123ACT223s38bfigs-abstractnounsτῇ, ὡρισμένῃ βουλῇ καὶ προγνώσει τοῦ Θεοῦ 1by God's predetermined plan and foreknowledge
124ACT223i6unfigs-activepassiveτοῦτον ... ἔκδοτον 1This man was handed over
125ACT223f5knδιὰ χειρὸς ἀνόμων, προσπήξαντες ἀνείλατε 1you, by the hand of lawless men, put him to death by nailing him to a cross
126ACT223e38afigs-metonymyδιὰ χειρὸς ἀνόμων 1by the hand of lawless men
127ACT223f6kdἀνόμων1lawless men

Possible meanings are 1) the unbelieving Jews who accused Jesus of crimes or 2) the Roman soldiers who performed the execution of Jesus.

128ACT224ei37figs-idiomὃν ὁ Θεὸς ἀνέστησεν 1But God raised him up
129ACT224s8j3figs-metaphorλύσας τὰς ὠδῖνας τοῦ θανάτου 1freeing him from the pains of death
130ACT224ykq4figs-activepassiveκρατεῖσθαι αὐτὸν ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ 1for him to be held by it
131ACT224vuf4figs-personificationκρατεῖσθαι αὐτὸν ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ 1for him to be held by it
132ACT225dd5a0General Information:
133ACT225n2lsfigs-synecdocheἐνώπιόν μου 1before my face
134ACT225l6xpfigs-synecdocheἐκ δεξιῶν μού 1beside my right hand
135ACT225s4ypfigs-activepassiveμὴ σαλευθῶ 1I should not be moved
136ACT226z8vwfigs-synecdocheηὐφράνθη ἡ καρδία μου, καὶ ἠγαλλιάσατο ἡ γλῶσσά μου 1my heart was glad and my tongue rejoiced
137ACT226zz6kfigs-synecdocheἡ σάρξ μου κατασκηνώσει ἐπ’ ἐλπίδι 1my flesh will live in certain hope
138ACT227whi30General Information:
139ACT227m3ij0Connecting Statement:

Peter finishes quoting David.

140ACT227rld3figs-123personοὐδὲ δώσεις τὸν Ὅσιόν σου ἰδεῖν διαφθοράν 1neither will you allow your Holy One to see decay
141ACT227l5cdfigs-explicitἰδεῖν διαφθοράν 1to see decay
142ACT228gsk6ὁδοὺς ζωῆς 1the ways of life
143ACT228y7gffigs-metonymyπληρώσεις με εὐφροσύνης μετὰ τοῦ προσώπου σου 1you will fill me with gladness in your presence
144ACT228ej5mεὐφροσύνης1gladness

joy, happiness

145ACT229wh970General Information:
146ACT229pv1x0Connecting Statement:

Peter continues his speech that he began in Acts 1:16 to the Jews that surround him and the other believers in Jerusalem.

147ACT229ps7cἀδελφοί, ἐξὸν 1Brothers, I am permitted
148ACT229vtc6figs-activepassiveκαὶ ἐτελεύτησεν καὶ ἐτάφη 1he both died and was buried
149ACT230hq71figs-metonymyἐκ‘ καρποῦ τῆς ὀσφύος αὐτοῦ, καθίσαι ἐπὶ τὸν θρόνον αὐτοῦ 1he would set one of the fruit of his body upon his throne
150ACT230x11qfigs-idiomἐκ‘ καρποῦ τῆς ὀσφύος αὐτοῦ 1one of the fruit of his body
151ACT231tn4bfigs-activepassiveοὔτε‘ ἐνκατελείφθη εἰς ᾍδην 1He was neither abandoned to Hades
152ACT231up5xfigs-explicitοὔτε ἡ σὰρξ αὐτοῦ εἶδεν‘ διαφθοράν 1nor did his flesh see decay
153ACT232kw6afigs-exclusive0General Information:
154ACT232udn1figs-idiomἀνέστησεν ὁ Θεός 1God raised him up
155ACT233kij2figs-activepassiveτῇ δεξιᾷ ... τοῦ Θεοῦ ὑψωθεὶς 1having been exalted to the right hand of God
156ACT233c9mrfigs-idiomτῇ δεξιᾷ ... τοῦ Θεοῦ ὑψωθεὶς 1having been exalted to the right hand of God
157ACT233c1drfigs-idiomἐξέχεεν ... ὃ 1he has poured out what
158ACT233wsg9figs-idiomἐξέχεεν1poured out
159ACT234i8wu0General Information:
160ACT234m7fy0Connecting Statement:

Peter finishes his speech to the Jews that he began in Acts 1:16.

161ACT234kvn8translate-symactionκάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου 1Sit at my right hand
162ACT235nf1xfigs-metaphorἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σου 1until I make your enemies the stool for your feet
163ACT236pnp5figs-idiomπᾶς οἶκος Ἰσραὴλ 1all the house of Israel
164ACT237xan10General Information:
165ACT237w1ma0Connecting Statement:

The Jews respond to Peter's speech and Peter answers them.

166ACT237zls6ἀκούσαντες1when they heard this
167ACT237s85qfigs-activepassiveκατενύγησαν τὴν καρδίαν 1they were pierced in their hearts
168ACT237l15xfigs-idiomκατενύγησαν τὴν καρδίαν 1pierced in their hearts
169ACT238cmb7figs-activepassiveβαπτισθήτω1be baptized
170ACT238geb2figs-metonymyἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1in the name of Jesus Christ
171ACT239v8viπᾶσι τοῖς εἰς μακρὰν 1all who are far off
172ACT240k1kjwriting-endofstory0

This is the end of the part of the story that happened on the Day of Pentecost. Verse 42 begins a section that explains how the believers continued to live after the Day of Pentecost. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])

173ACT240v6ipfigs-doubletδιεμαρτύρατο, καὶ παρεκάλει αὐτοὺς 1he testified and urged them
174ACT240wtd5figs-explicitσώθητε ἀπὸ τῆς γενεᾶς τῆς σκολιᾶς ταύτης 1Save yourselves from this wicked generation
175ACT241r9qzfigs-idiomοἱ ...ν ἀποδεξάμενοι τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ 1they received his word
176ACT241kz64figs-activepassiveἐβαπτίσθησαν1were baptized
177ACT241a47ffigs-activepassiveπροσετέθησαν ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ, ψυχαὶ ὡσεὶ τρισχίλιαι 1there were added in that day about three thousand souls
178ACT241sv5jfigs-synecdocheψυχαὶ ὡσεὶ τρισχίλιαι 1about three thousand souls
179ACT242gc59figs-synecdocheκλάσει τοῦ ἄρτου 1the breaking of bread
180ACT243gi9vfigs-synecdocheἐγίνετο δὲ πάσῃ ψυχῇ φόβος 1Fear came upon every soul
181ACT243ys3yfigs-activepassiveπολλά τε τέρατα καὶ σημεῖα διὰ τῶν ἀποστόλων ἐγίνετο 1many wonders and signs were done through the apostles
182ACT243q6dmτέρατα καὶ σημεῖα 1wonders and signs
183ACT244u8qkπάντες δὲ οἱ πιστεύοντες ἦσαν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ 1All who believed were together
184ACT244jy2wεἶχον ἅπαντα κοινά 1had all things in common
185ACT245h8tnκτήματα καὶ τὰς ὑπάρξεις 1property and possessions
186ACT245f74sfigs-metonymyδιεμέριζον αὐτὰ πᾶσιν 1distributed them to all
187ACT245n9hiκαθότι ἄν τις χρείαν εἶχεν 1according to the needs anyone had

They distributed the proceeds that they earned from selling their property and possessions to any believer who had a need.

188ACT246in43προσκαρτεροῦντες ὁμοθυμαδὸν 1they continued with one purpose
189ACT246q1gefigs-synecdocheκλῶντές ... κατ’ οἶκον ἄρτον 1they broke bread in homes
190ACT246i2ykfigs-metonymyἐν ἀγαλλιάσει καὶ ἀφελότητι καρδίας 1with glad and humble hearts
191ACT247z6igαἰνοῦντες τὸν Θεὸν καὶ ἔχοντες χάριν πρὸς ὅλον τὸν λαόν 1praising God and having favor with all the people
192ACT247kc42figs-activepassiveτοὺς σῳζομένους 1those who were being saved
193ACT3introhpd90
194ACT31u6nuwriting-background0General Information:

Verse 2 gives background information about the lame man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

195ACT31b5rm0Connecting Statement:

One day Peter and John go to the temple.

196ACT31br7iεἰς τὸ ἱερὸν 1into the temple
197ACT32f227figs-activepassiveτις ἀνὴρ, χωλὸς ἐκ κοιλίας μητρὸς αὐτοῦ ὑπάρχων, ἐβαστάζετο, ὃν ἐτίθουν καθ’ ἡμέραν πρὸς τὴν θύραν τοῦ ἱεροῦ, τὴν λεγομένην Ὡραίαν 1a man lame from birth was being carried every day to the Beautiful Gate of the temple
198ACT32j68tχωλὸς1lame

unable to walk

199ACT34xq4uἀτενίσας ... Πέτρος εἰς αὐτὸν σὺν τῷ Ἰωάννῃ εἶπεν 1Peter, fastening his eyes upon him, with John, said

Both Peter and John looked at the man, but only Peter spoke.

200ACT34t1q9figs-idiomἀτενίσας ... εἰς αὐτὸν 1fastening his eyes upon him
201ACT35e3c6ὁ ... ἐπεῖχεν αὐτοῖς 1The lame man looked at them
202ACT36x6bmfigs-metonymyἀργύριον καὶ χρυσίον 1Silver and gold

These words refer to money. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

203ACT36zi9tfigs-explicitὃ ... ἔχω 1what I do have

It is understood that Peter has the ability to heal the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

204ACT36t2vffigs-metonymyἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1In the name of Jesus Christ
205ACT37ec6jἤγειρεν αὐτόν 1Peter raised him up
206ACT38zp7xεἰσῆλθεν ... εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν 1he entered ... into the temple
207ACT310zy7hἐπεγίνωσκον ..., ὅτι αὐτὸς ἦν ὁ 1noticed that it was the man
208ACT310p2zhτῇ Ὡραίᾳ Πύλῃ 1the Beautiful Gate

This was the name of one of the entrances to the temple area. See how you translated a similar phrase in Acts 3:2.

209ACT310j6zffigs-doubletἐπλήσθησαν θάμβους καὶ ἐκστάσεως 1they were filled with wonder and amazement
210ACT311g4y1figs-exclusive0General Information:
211ACT311eu1l0Connecting Statement:

After healing the man who could not walk, Peter talks to the people.

212ACT311rj43τῇ στοᾷ τῇ καλουμένῃ Σολομῶντος 1the porch that is called Solomon's
213ACT311rk1mἔκθαμβοι1greatly marveling
214ACT312x9m9ἰδὼν δὲ, ὁ Πέτρος 1When Peter saw this
215ACT312ndi3ἄνδρες, Ἰσραηλεῖται 1You men of Israel
216ACT312uyg1figs-rquestionτί θαυμάζετε 1why do you marvel?
217ACT312j6ldfigs-rquestionἡμῖν τί ἀτενίζετε, ὡς ἰδίᾳ δυνάμει ἢ εὐσεβείᾳ πεποιηκόσιν τοῦ περιπατεῖν αὐτόν 1Why do you fix your eyes on us, as if we had made him to walk by our own power or godliness?
218ACT312mwd9figs-idiomἡμῖν ... ἀτενίζετε 1fix your eyes on us
219ACT313q8q20Connecting Statement:

Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in Acts 3:12.

220ACT313cp1jfigs-idiomἠρνήσασθε κατὰ πρόσωπον Πειλάτου 1rejected before the face of Pilate
221ACT313yy96κρίναντος ἐκείνου ἀπολύειν 1when he had decided to release him
222ACT314s6qjfigs-activepassiveᾐτήσασθε ἄνδρα, φονέα χαρισθῆναι ὑμῖν 1asked for a man who was a murderer to be released to you
223ACT315jwb1figs-exclusive0General Information:
224ACT315ljn8figs-metaphorἈρχηγὸν τῆς ζωῆς 1Founder of life
225ACT316xu92καὶ1Now
226ACT316qt8wἐστερέωσεν1made him strong
227ACT317v45tκαὶ νῦν 1Now

Here Peter shifts the audience's attention from the lame man and continues to talk to them directly.

228ACT317x62kκατὰ ἄγνοιαν ἐπράξατε 1you acted in ignorance

Possible meanings are 1) that the people did not know that Jesus was the Messiah or 2) that the people did not understand the significance of what they were doing.

229ACT318gcc1ὁ ... Θεὸς ... προκατήγγειλεν διὰ στόματος πάντων τῶν προφητῶν 1God foretold by the mouth of all the prophets
230ACT318ms6dὁ ... Θεὸς ... προκατήγγειλεν 1God foretold
231ACT318z3l7figs-metonymyστόματος πάντων τῶν προφητῶν 1the mouth of all the prophets
232ACT319cw18figs-metaphorκαὶ ἐπιστρέψατε 1and turn
233ACT319zm6yfigs-activepassiveπρὸς τὸ ἐξαλειφθῆναι ὑμῶν τὰς ἁμαρτίας 1so that your sins may be blotted out
234ACT319f2wmfigs-metonymyἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ Κυρίου 1from the presence of the Lord
235ACT320x3caκαιροὶ ἀναψύξεως ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ Κυρίου 1periods of refreshing from the presence of the Lord
236ACT320h3nkἀποστείλῃ τὸν προκεχειρισμένον ὑμῖν Χριστὸν 1that he may send the Christ
237ACT320yzr6figs-activepassiveτὸν προκεχειρισμένον ὑμῖν 1who has been appointed for you
238ACT321sj210General Information:

In verses 22-23 Peter quotes something Moses told before the Messiah came.

239ACT321u33e0Connecting Statement:

Peter continues his speech that he began in Acts 3:12 to the Jews who stood in the temple area.

240ACT321vgn8figs-personificationὃν δεῖ οὐρανὸν μὲν δέξασθαι 1He is the One heaven must receive
241ACT321y1psδεῖ οὐρανὸν μὲν δέξασθαι, ἄχρι 1heaven must receive until

This means that it is necessary for Jesus to remain in heaven because that is what God has planned.

242ACT321x2f3ἄχρι χρόνων ἀποκαταστάσεως πάντων 1until the time of the restoration of all things
243ACT321a2m8ὧν ἐλάλησεν ὁ Θεὸς διὰ στόματος τῶν ἁγίων ἀπ’ αἰῶνος αὐτοῦ προφητῶν 1about which God spoke long ago by the mouth of his holy prophets
244ACT321a12ifigs-metonymyστόματος τῶν ἁγίων ... αὐτοῦ προφητῶν 1the mouth of his holy prophets
245ACT322v5nfπροφήτην‘ ... ἀναστήσει ... ἐκ τῶν ἀδελφῶν ὑμῶν, ὡς ἐμέ 1will raise up a prophet like me from among your brothers
246ACT322t8diτῶν ἀδελφῶν ὑμῶν 1your brothers
247ACT323t8a5figs-activepassive1that prophet will be completely destroyed
248ACT324y1z70Connecting Statement:

Peter finishes his speech to the Jews that he began in Acts 3:12.

249ACT324u6x3καὶ πάντες δὲ οἱ προφῆται 1Yes, and all the prophets
250ACT324xp9hἀπὸ Σαμουὴλ καὶ τῶν καθεξῆς 1from Samuel and those who came after him
251ACT324m9prτὰς ἡμέρας ταύτας 1these days
252ACT325rh2nfigs-idiomὑμεῖς ἐστε οἱ υἱοὶ τῶν προφητῶν, καὶ τῆς διαθήκης 1You are the sons of the prophets and of the covenant
253ACT325mad5ἐν τῷ σπέρματί σου 1In your seed
254ACT325g31mfigs-activepassiveἐνευλογηθήσονται πᾶσαι αἱ πατριαὶ τῆς γῆς 1shall all the families of the earth be blessed
255ACT326b7tzἀναστήσας ὁ Θεὸς τὸν παῖδα αὐτοῦ 1After God raised up his servant
256ACT326z5q6τὸν παῖδα αὐτοῦ 1his servant

This refers to the Messiah, Jesus.

257ACT326x8ssfigs-metaphorτῷ ἀποστρέφειν ἕκαστον ἀπὸ τῶν πονηριῶν ὑμῶν 1turning every one of you from your wickedness
258ACT4intropv3a0
259ACT41ew3l0Connecting Statement:

The religious leaders arrest Peter and John after Peter's having healed the man who was born lame.

260ACT41d3tvἐπέστησαν αὐτοῖς 1came upon them
261ACT42m74sfigs-explicitδιαπονούμενοι1They were deeply troubled
262ACT42mg5lκαταγγέλλειν ἐν τῷ Ἰησοῦ τὴν ἀνάστασιν, τὴν ἐκ νεκρῶν 1proclaiming in Jesus the resurrection from the dead
263ACT42np5gτὴν ἐκ νεκρῶν 1from the dead

From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To come back from among them speaks of becoming alive again.

264ACT43zla7ἐπέβαλον αὐτοῖς 1They arrested them
265ACT43h5f9ἦν γὰρ ἑσπέρα 1since it was now evening

It was common practice not to question people at night.

266ACT44bm1fἀριθμὸς τῶν ἀνδρῶν 1the number of the men who believed

This refers only to men and does not include how many women or children believed.

267ACT44qd8gἐγενήθη ... ὡς χιλιάδες πέντε 1was about five thousand
268ACT45j6p80General Information:
269ACT45i9tj0Connecting Statement:

The rulers question Peter and John who answer without fear.

270ACT45lw2dἐγένετο1It came about

This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

271ACT45cdj1figs-synecdocheτοὺς ἄρχοντας, καὶ τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους, καὶ τοὺς γραμματεῖς 1their rulers, elders and scribes

This is a reference to the Sanhedrin, the Jewish ruling court, which consisted of these three groups of people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

272ACT46l44nἸωάννης, καὶ Ἀλέξανδρος 1John, and Alexander

These two men were members of the high priest's family. This is not the same John as the apostle.

273ACT47t1eqἐν ποίᾳ δυνάμει 1By what power
274ACT47jc21figs-metonymyἐν ποίῳ ὀνόματι 1in what name
275ACT48su5xfigs-activepassiveτότε Πέτρος πλησθεὶς Πνεύματος Ἁγίου 1Then Peter, filled with the Holy Spirit
276ACT49pq85figs-rquestionεἰ ἡμεῖς σήμερον ἀνακρινόμεθα ... ἐν τίνι οὗτος σέσωσται 1if we this day are being questioned ... by what means was this man made well?
277ACT49je6dfigs-activepassiveἡμεῖς σήμερον ἀνακρινόμεθα 1we this day are being questioned
278ACT49b92nfigs-activepassiveἐν τίνι οὗτος σέσωσται 1by what means was this man made well
279ACT410snd5figs-activepassiveγνωστὸν ἔστω πᾶσιν ὑμῖν καὶ παντὶ τῷ λαῷ Ἰσραὴλ 1May this be known to you all and to all the people of Israel
280ACT410j3pxπᾶσιν ὑμῖν καὶ παντὶ τῷ λαῷ Ἰσραὴλ 1to you all and to all the people of Israel
281ACT410khn7figs-metonymyἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ Ναζωραίου 1in the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth
282ACT410jyj6figs-idiomὃν ὁ Θεὸς ἤγειρεν ἐκ νεκρῶν 1whom God raised from the dead,
283ACT411tdw8figs-inclusive0General Information:
284ACT411nwg60Connecting Statement:

Peter completes his speech to the Jewish religious rulers that he began in Acts 4:8.

285ACT411w195figs-metaphorοὗτός ἐστιν ὁ‘ λίθος ... ὁ γενόμενος εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας’ 1Jesus Christ is the stone ... which has been made the head cornerstone

Peter is quoting from the Psalms. This is a metaphor that means the religious leaders, like builders, rejected Jesus, but God will made him the most important in his kingdom, as a cornerstone in a building is important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

286ACT411f1nxκεφαλὴν1head
287ACT411c1bhὑμῶν, τῶν οἰκοδόμων 1you as builders despised
288ACT412tq3zfigs-abstractnounsκαὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν ἄλλῳ οὐδενὶ 1There is no salvation in any other person
289ACT412l66wfigs-activepassiveοὐδὲ γὰρ ὄνομά ἐστιν ἕτερον ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανὸν τὸ δεδομένον ἐν ἀνθρώποις 1no other name under heaven given among men
290ACT412iz7kfigs-metonymyοὐδὲ ... ὄνομά ... ἕτερον ... δεδομένον ἐν ἀνθρώποις 1no other name ... given among men
291ACT412jm25figs-idiomὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανὸν 1under heaven
292ACT412gg8hfigs-activepassiveἐν ᾧ δεῖ σωθῆναι ἡμᾶς 1by which we must be saved
293ACT413xn390General Information:
294ACT413t6kcfigs-explicitτὴν τοῦ Πέτρου παρρησίαν καὶ Ἰωάννου 1the boldness of Peter and John
295ACT413p9pqπαρρησίαν1boldness

having no fear

296ACT413qaa5figs-explicitκαταλαβόμενοι ὅτι ἄνθρωποι ἀγράμματοί εἰσιν καὶ ἰδιῶται 1realized that they were ordinary, uneducated men
297ACT413r6d6καὶ καταλαβόμενοι 1and realized
298ACT413erv7figs-doubletἄνθρωποι ἀγράμματοί ... ἰδιῶτα 1ordinary, uneducated men
299ACT414h3cyfigs-activepassiveτόν ... ἄνθρωπον ... τὸν τεθεραπευμένον 1the man who was healed
300ACT414fq4wοὐδὲν εἶχον ἀντειπεῖν 1nothing to say against this
301ACT415ql31αὐτοὺς1the apostles

This refers to Peter and John.

302ACT416p4g6figs-rquestionτί ποιήσωμεν τοῖς ἀνθρώποις τούτοις 1What shall we do to these men?
303ACT416nh5sfigs-activepassiveγὰρ γνωστὸν σημεῖον γέγονεν δι’ αὐτῶν, πᾶσιν τοῖς κατοικοῦσιν Ἰερουσαλὴμ φανερόν 1For the fact that a remarkable miracle has been done through them is known to everyone who lives in Jerusalem
304ACT416jn12figs-hyperboleπᾶσιν τοῖς κατοικοῦσιν Ἰερουσαλὴμ 1everyone who lives in Jerusalem
305ACT417f71lfigs-explicitἵνα μὴ ἐπὶ πλεῖον διανεμηθῇ 1in order that it spreads no further
306ACT417w52jfigs-metonymyμηκέτι λαλεῖν ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι τούτῳ μηδενὶ ἀνθρώπων 1not to speak anymore to anyone in this name
307ACT419hf3ufigs-exclusive0General Information:
308ACT419jf1dfigs-metonymyεἰ δίκαιόν ἐστιν ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1Whether it is right in the sight of God
309ACT421gy8dwriting-background0General Information:

Verse 22 gives background information about the age of the lame man who was healed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

310ACT421y5y1οἱ δὲ προσαπειλησάμενοι 1After further warning

The Jewish leaders again threatened to punish Peter and John.

311ACT421z2bxμηδὲν εὑρίσκοντες τὸ πῶς κολάσωνται αὐτούς 1They were unable to find any excuse to punish them

Although the Jewish leaders threatened Peter and John, they could not find a reason to punish them without causing the people to riot.

312ACT421jbl6figs-activepassiveἐπὶ τῷ γεγονότι 1for what had been done
313ACT422ju4wὁ ἄνθρωπος, ἐφ’ ὃν γεγόνει τὸ σημεῖον τοῦτο τῆς ἰάσεως 1The man who had experienced this miracle of healing
314ACT423j3ap0General Information:
315ACT423j2cxfigs-explicitἦλθον πρὸς τοὺς ἰδίους 1came to their own people
316ACT424zu28ὁμοθυμαδὸν ἦραν φωνὴν πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν 1they raised their voices together to God
317ACT425vc5zὁ τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν, διὰ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου στόματος Δαυεὶδ παιδός σου εἰπών 1You spoke by the Holy Spirit through the mouth of your servant, our father David

This means that the Holy Spirit caused David to speak or write down what God said.

318ACT425ka83figs-metonymyτοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν ... στόματος Δαυεὶδ παιδός σου 1through the mouth of your servant, our father David
319ACT425kat6τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν ... Δαυεὶδ 1our father David
320ACT425f1x6figs-rquestionἵνα‘ τί ἐφρύαξαν ἔθνη, καὶ λαοὶ ἐμελέτησαν κενά 1Why did the Gentile nations rage, and the peoples imagine useless things?
321ACT425w622figs-explicitλαοὶ ἐμελέτησαν κενά 1the peoples imagine useless things
322ACT425h6rcλαοὶ1peoples

people groups

323ACT426fb5a0Connecting Statement:

The believers complete their quotation from King David in the Psalms that they began in Acts 4:25.

324ACT426w2byfigs-parallelismπαρέστησαν οἱ βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες συνήχθησαν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ κατὰ τοῦ Κυρίου 1The kings of the earth set themselves together, and the rulers gathered together against the Lord

These two lines mean basically the same thing. The two lines emphasize the combined effort of the earth's rulers to oppose God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

325ACT426w64bfigs-metonymyπαρέστησαν ... συνήχθησαν 1set themselves together ... gathered together
326ACT426yv19κατὰ τοῦ Κυρίου, καὶ κατὰ τοῦ Χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ 1against the Lord, and against his Christ
327ACT427b1g90Connecting Statement:

The believers continue praying.

328ACT427nuc1ἐν τῇ πόλει ταύτῃ 1in this city
329ACT427ca33τὸν ἅγιον παῖδά σου Ἰησοῦν 1your holy servant Jesus
330ACT428yz7mfigs-metonymyποιῆσαι ὅσα ἡ χείρ σου, καὶ ἡ βουλὴ σου προώρισεν 1to do all that your hand and your plan had decided
331ACT429b38z0Connecting Statement:

The believers complete their prayer that they began in Acts 4:24.

332ACT429t5qmfigs-idiomἔπιδε ἐπὶ τὰς ἀπειλὰς αὐτῶν 1look upon their warnings
333ACT429zh7jfigs-metonymyμετὰ παρρησίας πάσης λαλεῖν τὸν λόγον σου 1speak your word with all boldness
334ACT430x9r1figs-metonymyτὴν χεῖρά σου, ἐκτείνειν σε εἰς ἴασιν 1Stretch out your hand to heal
335ACT430t5uwfigs-metonymyδιὰ τοῦ ὀνόματος τοῦ ἁγίου παιδός σου, Ἰησοῦ 1through the name of your holy servant Jesus
336ACT430txb5τοῦ ἁγίου παιδός σου, Ἰησοῦ 1your holy servant Jesus
337ACT431x9b3figs-activepassiveἐσαλεύθη ὁ τόπος 1the place ... was shaken
338ACT431ps3mfigs-activepassiveἐπλήσθησαν ἅπαντες τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος 1they were all filled with the Holy Spirit
339ACT432xu3jfigs-metonymyἦν καρδία καὶ ψυχὴ μία 1were of one heart and soul
340ACT432zyp5ἦν αὐτοῖς πάντα κοινά 1they had everything in common
341ACT433d8drχάρις τε μεγάλη ἦν ἐπὶ πάντας αὐτούς 1great grace was upon them all

Possible meanings are: 1) that God was greatly blessing the believers or 2) that the people in Jerusalem held the believers in very high esteem.

342ACT434gw3vfigs-hyperboleὅσοι ... κτήτορες χωρίων ἢ οἰκιῶν ὑπῆρχον 1all who owned title to lands or houses
343ACT434ti1hκτήτορες χωρίων ἢ οἰκιῶν ὑπῆρχον 1owned title to lands or houses
344ACT434l938figs-activepassiveτὰς τιμὰς τῶν πιπρασκομένων 1the money of the things that were sold
345ACT435vv4zfigs-idiomἐτίθουν παρὰ τοὺς πόδας τῶν ἀποστόλων 1laid it at the apostles' feet
346ACT435ps4sfigs-activepassiveδιεδίδετο ... ἑκάστῳ, καθότι ἄν τις χρείαν εἶχεν 1it was distributed to each one according to their need
347ACT436uc2awriting-participants0General Information:

Luke introduces Barnabas into the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

348ACT436nr4vfigs-idiomυἱὸς παρακλήσεως 1Son of Encouragement
349ACT437gtv5figs-idiomἔθηκεν παρὰ τοὺς πόδας τῶν ἀποστόλων 1laid it at the apostles' feet
350ACT5introk2uh0
351ACT51v27awriting-background0

Continuing the story of how the new Christians shared their belongings with other believers, Luke tells about two believers, Ananias and Sapphria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

352ACT51ysl9δέ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line to tell a new part of the story.

353ACT52xm1tσυνειδυίης καὶ τῆς γυναικός 1his wife also knew it
354ACT52dy8bfigs-idiomπαρὰ τοὺς πόδας τῶν ἀποστόλων ἔθηκεν 1laid it at the apostles' feet
355ACT53y7j60General Information:

If your language does not use rhetorical questions, you may reword these as statements.

356ACT53grr9figs-rquestionδιὰ τί ἐπλήρωσεν ὁ Σατανᾶς τὴν καρδίαν σου, ψεύσασθαί σε τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον, καὶ νοσφίσασθαι ἀπὸ τῆς τιμῆς τοῦ χωρίου 1why has Satan filled your heart to lie ... land?
357ACT53pqd4figs-metonymyἐπλήρωσεν ὁ Σατανᾶς τὴν καρδίαν σου 1Satan filled your heart
358ACT53zz5ufigs-explicitψεύσασθαί σε τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον, καὶ νοσφίσασθαι ἀπὸ τῆς τιμῆς 1to lie to the Holy Spirit and to keep back part of the price

This implies that Ananias had told the apostles that he was giving the entire amount that he had received from selling his land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

359ACT54vu7gfigs-rquestionοὐχὶ μένον σοὶ ἔμενεν, καὶ πραθὲν ἐν τῇ σῇ ἐξουσίᾳ ὑπῆρχεν 1While it remained unsold, did it not remain your own ... control?
360ACT54vi8wἔμενεν1While it remained unsold
361ACT54wm2rfigs-rquestionπραθὲν ἐν τῇ σῇ ἐξουσίᾳ ὑπῆρχεν 1after it was sold, was it not in your control?
362ACT54k7ncfigs-activepassiveπραθὲν1after it was sold
363ACT54i5dwfigs-rquestionτί ὅτι ἔθου ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ σου τὸ πρᾶγμα τοῦτο 1How is it that you thought of this thing in your heart?
364ACT55cc5yfigs-euphemismπεσὼν ἐξέψυξεν 1fell down and breathed his last
365ACT57ry54ἡ γυνὴ αὐτοῦ ... εἰσῆλθεν 1his wife came in
366ACT57k3c9τὸ γεγονὸς 1what had happened
367ACT58bcf6τοσούτου1for so much
368ACT59w1lbfigs-you0General Information:
369ACT59vym80Connecting Statement:

This is the end of the part of the story about Ananias and Sapphira.

370ACT59v7swfigs-rquestionτί ὅτι συνεφωνήθη ὑμῖν πειράσαι τὸ Πνεῦμα Κυρίου 1How is it that you have agreed together to test the Spirit of the Lord?
371ACT59hc22συνεφωνήθη ὑμῖν 1you have agreed together
372ACT59pg1eπειράσαι τὸ Πνεῦμα Κυρίου 1to test the Spirit of the Lord
373ACT59xj1lfigs-synecdocheοἱ πόδες τῶν θαψάντων τὸν ἄνδρα σου 1the feet of the men who buried your husband
374ACT510nwb9ἔπεσεν ... πρὸς τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ 1fell down at his feet

This means that when she died, she fell on the floor in front of Peter. This expression should not be confused with falling down at a person's feet as a sign of humility.

375ACT510s7enfigs-euphemismἐξέψυξεν1breathed her last
376ACT512aud20General Information:
377ACT512c2e70Connecting Statement:

Luke continues to tell what happens in the early days of the church.

378ACT512lde1figs-activepassiveδιὰ δὲ τῶν χειρῶν τῶν ἀποστόλων, ἐγίνετο σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα πολλὰ 1Many signs and wonders were taking place among the people through the hands of the apostles
379ACT512ux3nσημεῖα καὶ τέρατα 1signs and wonders
380ACT512sri8figs-synecdocheδιὰ ... τῶν χειρῶν τῶν ἀποστόλων 1through the hands of the apostles
381ACT512k99kΣτοᾷ Σολομῶντος 1Solomon's Porch
382ACT513qd8rfigs-activepassiveἐμεγάλυνεν αὐτοὺς ὁ λαός 1they were held in high esteem by the people
383ACT514l9bs0General Information:
384ACT514m9wxfigs-activepassiveμᾶλλον ... προσετίθεντο πιστεύοντες τῷ Κυρίῳ 1more believers were being added to the Lord
385ACT515y2evfigs-explicitἡ σκιὰ ἐπισκιάσῃ τινὶ αὐτῶν 1his shadow might fall on some of them

It is implied that God would heal them if Peter's shadow touched them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

386ACT516fu1aὀχλουμένους ὑπὸ πνευμάτων ἀκαθάρτων 1those afflicted with unclean spirits
387ACT516lyc7figs-activepassiveἐθεραπεύοντο ἅπαντες 1they were all healed
388ACT517p4ta0Connecting Statement:

The religious leaders began to persecute the believers.

389ACT517x2edδὲ1But

This begins a contrasting story. You may translate this in the way that your language introduces a contrasting narrative.

390ACT517f9yefigs-idiomἀναστὰς ... ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς 1the high priest rose up
391ACT517pc45figs-activepassiveἐπλήσθησαν ζήλου 1they were filled with jealousy
392ACT518j58pfigs-idiomἐπέβαλον τὰς χεῖρας ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀποστόλους 1laid hands on the apostles
393ACT519wd370General Information:
394ACT520qm16figs-explicitἐν τῷ ἱερῷ 1in the temple
395ACT520z1x3figs-metonymyπάντα τὰ ῥήματα τῆς ζωῆς ταύτης 1all the words of this life
396ACT521df1ufigs-explicitεἰς τὸ ἱερὸν 1into the temple
397ACT521l7ufὑπὸ τὸν ὄρθρον 1about daybreak
398ACT521li6afigs-ellipsisἀπέστειλαν εἰς τὸ δεσμωτήριον ἀχθῆναι αὐτούς 1sent to the jail to have the apostles brought
399ACT523ld7dfigs-explicitἔσω οὐδένα εὕρομεν 1we found no one inside
400ACT524a8dzfigs-you0General Information:
401ACT524k5g6διηπόρουν1they were much perplexed
402ACT524baw2περὶ αὐτῶν 1concerning them
403ACT524p78mτί ἂν γένοιτο τοῦτο 1what would come of it
404ACT525c1amfigs-explicitἐν τῷ ἱερῷ, ἑστῶτες 1standing in the temple
405ACT526f7pzfigs-you0General Information:
406ACT526e24h0Connecting Statement:

The captain and the officers bring the apostles before the Jewish religious council.

407ACT526i2v5ἐφοβοῦντο1they feared
408ACT527iq7wἐπηρώτησεν αὐτοὺς ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς 1The high priest interrogated them
409ACT528g2hifigs-metonymyἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι τούτῳ 1in this name
410ACT528j4krfigs-metaphorπεπληρώκατε τὴν Ἰερουσαλὴμ τῆς διδαχῆς ὑμῶν 1you have filled Jerusalem with your teaching
411ACT528ym1kfigs-metonymyβούλεσθε ἐπαγαγεῖν ἐφ’ ἡμᾶς τὸ αἷμα τοῦ ἀνθρώπου τούτου 1desire to bring this man's blood upon us
412ACT529y211figs-exclusive0General Information:
413ACT529di9uἀποκριθεὶς ... Πέτρος καὶ οἱ ἀπόστολοι 1Peter and the apostles answered

Peter spoke on behalf of all of the apostles when he said the following words.

414ACT530r7avfigs-idiomὁ Θεὸς τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν ἤγειρεν Ἰησοῦν 1The God of our fathers raised up Jesus
415ACT530pu5jfigs-metonymyκρεμάσαντες ἐπὶ ξύλου 1by hanging him on a tree
416ACT531uh2dtranslate-symactionτοῦτον ὁ Θεὸς ... ὕψωσεν, τῇ δεξιᾷ αὐτοῦ 1God exalted him to his right hand
417ACT531mr1dfigs-abstractnounsτοῦ δοῦναι μετάνοιαν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ καὶ ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν 1give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins
418ACT531q1ilfigs-metonymyτῷ Ἰσραὴλ 1Israel
419ACT532yml6τοῖς πειθαρχοῦσιν αὐτῷ 1those who obey him
420ACT533ekh20Connecting Statement:

Gamaliel addresses the council members.

421ACT534i2rrwriting-participantsΓαμαλιήλ, νομοδιδάσκαλος τίμιος παντὶ τῷ λαῷ 1Gamaliel, a teacher of the law, who was honored by all the people

Luke introduces Gamaliel and provides background information about him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

422ACT534fpr4figs-activepassiveτίμιος παντὶ τῷ λαῷ 1who was honored by all the people
423ACT534xk6gfigs-activepassiveἐκέλευσεν ἔξω ... τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ποιῆσαι 1commanded the apostles to be taken outside
424ACT535ae1uπροσέχετε 1pay close attention to
425ACT536uaj6ἀνέστη Θευδᾶς 1Theudas rose up
426ACT536b3nlλέγων εἶναί τινα 1claiming to be somebody
427ACT536ie3xfigs-activepassiveὃς ἀνῃρέθη 1He was killed
428ACT536juz1figs-activepassiveπάντες ὅσοι ἐπείθοντο αὐτῷ διελύθησαν 1all who had been obeying him were scattered
429ACT536rzg5ἐγένοντο εἰς οὐδέν 1came to nothing

This means that they did not do what they had planned to do.

430ACT537f33yμετὰ τοῦτον 1After this man
431ACT537p56fἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις τῆς ἀπογραφῆς 1in the days of the census
432ACT537kz4sfigs-idiomἀπέστησε λαὸν ὀπίσω αὐτοῦ 1drew away some people after him
433ACT538i4bw0Connecting Statement:

Gamaliel finishes addressing the council members. Though they beat the apostles, command them not to teach about Jesus, and let them go, the disciples continue to teach and preach.

434ACT538wz89figs-explicitἀπόστητε ἀπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων τούτων καὶ ἄφετε αὐτούς 1keep away from these men and let them alone

Gamaliel is telling the Jewish leaders no to punish the apostles any more or to put them back in jail. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

435ACT538zh1dἐὰν ᾖ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων, ἡ βουλὴ αὕτη ἢ τὸ ἔργον τοῦτο 1if this plan or work is of men
436ACT538uql8figs-activepassiveκαταλυθήσεται1it will be overthrown
437ACT539j819figs-ellipsisεἰ ... ἐκ Θεοῦ ἐστιν 1if it is of God
438ACT539cyp1figs-activepassiveἐπείσθησαν δὲ 1So they were persuaded
439ACT540z31c0General Information:
440ACT540p6lzfigs-metonymyπροσκαλεσάμενοι τοὺς ἀποστόλους, δείραντες 1they called the apostles in and beat them

The council members would have ordered the temple guards to do these things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

441ACT540fca9figs-metonymyλαλεῖν ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1to speak in the name of Jesus
442ACT541cv8yfigs-activepassiveκατηξιώθησαν ὑπὲρ τοῦ ὀνόματος ἀτιμασθῆναι 1they were counted worthy to suffer dishonor for the Name
443ACT541lk82figs-metonymyὑπὲρ τοῦ ὀνόματος 1for the Name
444ACT542jj94πᾶσάν τε ἡμέραν 1Thereafter every day
445ACT542kyp6figs-explicitἐν τῷ ἱερῷ καὶ κατ’ οἶκον 1in the temple and from house to house
446ACT6introz5r50
447ACT61ky47writing-background0General Information:

This is the beginning of a new part of the story. Luke gives important background information to understand the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

448ACT61f8brwriting-neweventἐν δὲ ταῖς ἡμέραις ταύταις 1Now in these days

Consider how new parts of a story are introduced in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

449ACT61t94sπληθυνόντων1was multiplying
450ACT61e7vbἙλληνιστῶν1Grecian Jews

These were Jews who had lived most of their lives somewhere in the Roman Empire outside of Israel, and had grown up speaking Greek. Their language and culture were somewhat different from those who had grown up in Israel.

451ACT61ftz8τοὺς Ἑβραίους 1the Hebrews

These were Jews who had grown up in Israel speaking Hebrew or Aramaic. The church consisted of only Jews and converts to Judaism so far.

452ACT61e1z9αἱ χῆραι 1widows

women whose husband has died

453ACT61s4qyfigs-activepassiveπαρεθεωροῦντο ... αἱ χῆραι αὐτῶν 1their widows were being overlooked
454ACT61k4jgπαρεθεωροῦντο1being overlooked
455ACT61rde8διακονίᾳ τῇ καθημερινῇ 1daily distribution of food

The money that was being given to the apostles was used in part to buy food for the early church widows.

456ACT62jr1yfigs-you0General Information:
457ACT62n5r4οἱ δώδεκα 1The twelve

This refers to the eleven apostles plus Matthias, who was selected in Acts 1:26.

458ACT62g56wτὸ πλῆθος τῶν μαθητῶν 1the multitude of the disciples
459ACT62jm17figs-hyperboleκαταλείψαντας τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1give up the word of God
460ACT62fwk6figs-metonymyδιακονεῖν τραπέζαις 1serve tables

This is a phrase meaning to serve food to the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

461ACT63y3bmἄνδρας ... πλήρεις Πνεύματος καὶ σοφίας 1men of good reputation, full of the Spirit and of wisdom

Possible meanings are 1) the men have three qualities—a good reputation, being full of the Spirit, and being full of wisdom or 2) the men have a reputation for two qualities—being full of the Spirit, and being full of wisdom .

462ACT63p1yzἄνδρας ... μαρτυρουμένους 1men of good reputation
463ACT63i27aἐπὶ τῆς χρείας ταύτης 1over this business
464ACT64b3bjfigs-ellipsisτῇ διακονίᾳ τοῦ λόγου 1the ministry of the word
465ACT65wh9tἤρεσεν ὁ λόγος ἐνώπιον παντὸς τοῦ πλήθους 1Their speech pleased the whole multitude
466ACT65ajq1figs-explicitΣτέφανον, ... καὶ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου, καὶ Φίλιππον, καὶ Πρόχορον, καὶ Νικάνορα 1Stephen ... and Nicolaus

These are Greek names, and suggest that all of the men elected were from the Grecian Jewish group of believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

467ACT65qas9προσήλυτον1proselyte

a Gentile who converted to the Jewish religion

468ACT66wu1ytranslate-symactionἐπέθηκαν αὐτοῖς τὰς χεῖρας 1placed their hands upon them

This represented giving a blessing and imparting responsibility and authority for the work to the seven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

469ACT67x48w0General Information:

This verse gives an update on the church's growth.

470ACT67wu4lfigs-metaphorλόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ ηὔξανεν 1word of God continued to spread
471ACT67jg8yὑπήκουον τῇ πίστει 1became obedient to the faith
472ACT67qq3lτῇ πίστει 1the faith

Possible meanings are 1) the gospel message of trust in Jesus or 2) the teaching of the church or 3) the Christian teaching.

473ACT68wn1twriting-background0General Information:

These verses give background information about Stephen and other people that is important to understanding the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

474ACT68n3re0Connecting Statement:

This is the beginning of a new part of the story.

475ACT68et2jwriting-participantsΣτέφανος δὲ 1Now Stephen

This introduces Stephen as the main character in this part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

476ACT68h8sgfigs-explicitΣτέφανος ... πλήρης χάριτος καὶ δυνάμεως, ἐποίει 1Stephen, full of grace and power, was doing
477ACT69k88nσυναγωγῆς, τῆς λεγομένης Λιβερτίνων 1synagogue of the Freedmen
478ACT69j8pqσυνζητοῦντες τῷ Στεφάνῳ 1debating with Stephen
479ACT610s2clfigs-exclusive0General Information:
480ACT610fp410Connecting Statement:

The background information that began in Acts 6:8 continues through verse 10.

481ACT610v5iafigs-idiomοὐκ ἴσχυον ἀντιστῆναι 1not able to stand against
482ACT610fnb2Πνεύματι1Spirit

this refers to the Holy Spirit

483ACT611ren5figs-explicitἄνδρας λέγοντας 1some men to say
484ACT611x747ῥήματα βλάσφημα εἰς 1blasphemous words against
485ACT612tqk9figs-exclusive0General Information:
486ACT612l251συνεκίνησάν ... τὸν λαὸν, καὶ τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους, καὶ τοὺς γραμματεῖς 1stirred up the people, the elders, and the scribes
487ACT612j3wdσυνήρπασαν αὐτὸν 1seized him
488ACT613zv6sοὐ παύεται λαλῶν 1does not stop speaking
489ACT614vak4figs-idiomπαρέδωκεν ἡμῖν 1handed down to us
490ACT615gf7efigs-idiomἀτενίσαντες εἰς αὐτὸν 1fixed their eyes on him
491ACT615k8rwfigs-simileὡσεὶ πρόσωπον ἀγγέλου 1was like the face of an angel

This phrase compares his face to that of an angel but does not say specifically what they have in common. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

492ACT7introp9h40
493ACT71pt4hfigs-you0General Information:
494ACT71hy9r0Connecting Statement:

The part of the story about Stephen, which began in Acts 6:8, continues. Stephen begins his response to the high priest and the council by talking about things that happened in Israel's history. Most of this history comes from Moses' writings.

495ACT72v5siἀδελφοὶ καὶ πατέρες, ἀκούσατε 1Brothers and fathers, listen to me

Stephen was being very respectful to the council in greeting them as extended family.

496ACT74pfg30General Information:
497ACT74pfg3figs-you0General Information:
498ACT75ax1jοὐκ ἔδωκεν ... ἐν αὐτῇ 1He gave none of it
499ACT75qff6figs-idiomοὐδὲ βῆμα ποδός 1enough to set a foot on
500ACT75u6iwεἰς κατάσχεσιν αὐτὴν, καὶ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ μετ’ αὐτόν’ 1as a possession to him and to his descendants after him
501ACT76tn6bἐλάλησεν ... οὕτως ὁ Θεὸς 1God was speaking to him like this
502ACT76t1h9translate-numbersἔτη τετρακόσια 1four hundred years
503ACT77f7fwfigs-metonymyτὸ ἔθνος ... κρινῶ ἐγώ 1I will judge the nation
504ACT77q7y6τὸ ἔθνος ᾧ ἐὰν δουλεύσωσιν 1the nation that they serve
505ACT78mwc9figs-explicitἔδωκεν αὐτῷ διαθήκην περιτομῆς 1gave Abraham the covenant of circumcision
506ACT78g4bbοὕτως ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ἰσαὰκ 1so Abraham became the father of Isaac

The story transitions to Abraham's descendants.

507ACT78ams1figs-ellipsisἸακὼβ τοὺς 1Jacob the father
508ACT79n981οἱ πατριάρχαι 1the patriarchs
509ACT79tik7figs-explicitἀπέδοντο εἰς Αἴγυπτον 1sold him into Egypt
510ACT79w1isfigs-idiomἦν ... μετ’ αὐτοῦ 1was with him
511ACT710yr7mfigs-metonymyἐπ’ Αἴγυπτον 1over Egypt
512ACT710pb4pfigs-metonymyὅλον τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ 1all his household
513ACT711p42jἦλθεν ... λιμὸς 1there came a famine
514ACT711p37vfigs-explicitοἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν 1our fathers

This refers Jacob and his sons, who were the ancestors of the Jewish people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

515ACT712pia8σιτία1grain

Grain was the most common food at that time.

516ACT712mbg8τοὺς πατέρας ἡμῶν 1our fathers

Here this phrase refers to Jabob's sons, Joseph's older brothers.

517ACT713ce2btranslate-ordinalἐν τῷ δευτέρῳ 1On their second trip
518ACT713m37eἀνεγνωρίσθη1made himself known

Joseph revealed to his brothers his identity as their brother.

519ACT713jxk8figs-activepassiveφανερὸν ἐγένετο τῷ Φαραὼ τὸ γένος Ἰωσήφ 1Joseph's family became known to Pharaoh
520ACT714aam5ἀποστείλας1sent his brothers back
521ACT715w2smἐτελεύτησεν1he died
522ACT715fe56αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν 1he and our fathers
523ACT716slg3figs-activepassiveκαὶ μετετέθησαν ... καὶ ἐτέθησαν 1They were carried over ... and laid
524ACT716la8aτιμῆς ἀργυρίου 1for a price in silver
525ACT717np3ufigs-inclusive0General Information:
526ACT717tuq21As the time of the promise ... the people grew and multiplied

In some languages it may be helpful to say that the people increased in number before saying that the time of the promise arrived.

527ACT717tlh9ἤγγιζεν ὁ χρόνος τῆς ἐπαγγελίας 1time of the promise approached

It was close to the time that God would fulfill his promise to Abraham.

528ACT718whe7ἀνέστη βασιλεὺς ἕτερος 1there arose another king
529ACT718g2wqfigs-metonymyἐπ’ Αἴγυπτον 1over Egypt
530ACT718e2y6figs-metonymyὃς οὐκ ᾔδει τὸν Ἰωσήφ’ 1who did not know about Joseph
531ACT720q66swriting-participantsἐν ᾧ καιρῷ ἐγεννήθη Μωϋσῆς 1At that time Moses was born

This introduces Moses into the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

532ACT720cd5zfigs-idiomὃς οὐκ ᾔδει τὸν Ἰωσήφ’ 1very beautiful before God

This phrase is an idiom that means Moses was very beautiful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

533ACT720pnb1figs-activepassiveἀνετράφη1was nourished
534ACT721w3iufigs-activepassiveἐκτεθέντος δὲ αὐτοῦ 1When he was placed outside
535ACT721url3ἡ θυγάτηρ Φαραὼ, καὶ ἀνεθρέψατο αὐτὸν ἑαυτῇ εἰς υἱόν 1Pharaoh's daughter ... raised him as her own son

She did for him every good thing a mother would do for her own son. Use your language's normal word for what a mother does to make sure her son becomes a healthy adult.

536ACT721mbp7εἰς υἱόν 1as her own son
537ACT722c9nwfigs-activepassiveἐπαιδεύθη Μωϋσῆς 1Moses was educated
538ACT722att9figs-hyperboleπάσῃ σοφίᾳ Αἰγυπτίων 1all the wisdom of the Egyptians

This is an exaggeration to emphasize that he was trained in the best schools in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

539ACT722m3dmδυνατὸς ἐν λόγοις καὶ ἔργοις αὐτοῦ 1mighty in his words and works
540ACT723fj9sfigs-metonymyἀνέβη ἐπὶ τὴν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ 1it came into his heart
541ACT723x493figs-explicitἐπισκέψασθαι τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς αὐτοῦ, τοὺς υἱοὺς Ἰσραήλ 1visit his brothers, the children of Israel
542ACT724l4zvfigs-activepassiveκαὶ ἰδών τινα ἀδικούμενον, ἠμύνατο καὶ ἐποίησεν ἐκδίκησιν τῷ καταπονουμένῳ, πατάξας τὸν Αἰγύπτιον 1Seeing an Israelite being mistreated ... the Egyptian
543ACT724r2e8πατάξας τὸν Αἰγύπτιον 1striking the Egyptian

Moses hit the Egyptian so hard that he died.

544ACT725wm3jἐνόμιζεν1he thought
545ACT725nhb9figs-metonymyδιὰ χειρὸς αὐτοῦ δίδωσιν σωτηρίαν αὐτοῖς 1by his hand was rescuing them
546ACT726t1hwfigs-exclusive0General Information:
547ACT726t2vcfigs-explicitαὐτοῖς1some Israelites

The audience would have known from the account in Exodus that these were two men, but Stephen does not specify that. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

548ACT726mpc7συνήλλασσεν αὐτοὺς εἰς εἰρήνην 1put them at peace with each other
549ACT726zzt4ἄνδρες‘, ἀδελφοί ἐστε 1Men, you are brothers

Moses was addressing the Israelites who were fighting.

550ACT726k1kufigs-rquestionἱνα τί ἀδικεῖτε ἀλλήλου 1why are you hurting one another?
551ACT727q2r4figs-rquestionτίς‘ σε κατέστησεν ἄρχοντα καὶ δικαστὴν ἐφ’ ἡμῶν 1Who made you a ruler and a judge over us?
552ACT728hk1gμὴ ἀνελεῖν με σὺ θέλεις, ὃν τρόπον ἀνεῖλες ἐχθὲς τὸν Αἰγύπτιον 1Would you like to kill me, as you killed the Egyptian yesterday?

The man used this question to warn Moses that he and probably others knew Moses had killed the Egyptian.

553ACT729l149figs-explicit0General Information:

Stephen's audience already knew that Moses had married a Midianite woman when he fled Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

554ACT729q8qvfigs-explicitἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ 1after hearing this

The implied information is that Moses understood that the Israelites knew that he had killed an Egyptian the day before (Acts 7:28). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

555ACT730zx1cfigs-explicitκαὶ πληρωθέντων ἐτῶν τεσσεράκοντα 1When forty years were past
556ACT730f7yufigs-explicitὤφθη ... ἄγγελος 1an angel appeared

Stephen's audience knew that God spoke through the angel. The UST makes this explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

557ACT731q6w6figs-explicitἐθαύμασεν τὸ ὅραμα 1he marveled at the sight
558ACT731uk7uπροσερχομένου δὲ αὐτοῦ κατανοῆσαι 1as he approached to look at it

This may mean Moses initially drew close to the bush to investigate.

559ACT732b4q6ἐγὼ‘ ὁ Θεὸς τῶν πατέρων σου 1I am the God of your fathers
560ACT732tdr7ἔντρομος δὲ γενόμενος, Μωϋσῆς οὐκ ἐτόλμα κατανοῆσαι 1Moses trembled and did not dare to look

This may mean Moses drew back in fear when he heard the voice.

561ACT732e19kfigs-explicitἔντρομος ... γενόμενος, Μωϋσῆς 1Moses trembled
562ACT733x7cdtranslate-symactionλῦσον τὸ ὑπόδημα 1Take off the sandals

God told Moses this so he would honor God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

563ACT733clk4figs-explicitὁ γὰρ τόπος ἐφ’ ᾧ ἕστηκας γῆ ἁγία ἐστίν 1for the place where you are standing is holy ground

The implied information is that where God is present, the immediate area around God is considered or made holy by God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

564ACT734yz7bἰδὼν, εἶδον 1certainly seen
565ACT734x5bgτοῦ λαοῦ μου 1my people
566ACT734j32cκατέβην ἐξελέσθαι αὐτούς 1I have come down to rescue them
567ACT734sq8yνῦν δεῦρο 1now come
568ACT735x4p20General Information:
569ACT735gn6eτοῦτον τὸν Μωϋσῆν, ὃν ἠρνήσαντο 1This Moses whom they rejected

This refers back to the events recorded in Acts 7:27-28.

570ACT735vp7eλυτρωτὴν1deliverer

rescuer

571ACT735yjz9figs-metonymyσὺν χειρὶ ἀγγέλου τοῦ ὀφθέντος αὐτῷ ἐν τῇ βάτῳ 1by the hand of the angel ... bush
572ACT736gz9rfigs-explicitἔτη τεσσεράκοντα 1during forty years
573ACT737b4sgπροφήτην ... ἀναστήσει 1raise up a prophet
574ACT737j2rxἐκ τῶν ἀδελφῶν ὑμῶν 1from among your brothers
575ACT738l8u70General Information:

The quotation in verse 40 is from the writings of Moses.

576ACT738e8quοὗτός ἐστιν ὁ γενόμενος ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ 1This is the man who was in the assembly
577ACT738fd25οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ γενόμενος 1This is the man
578ACT738y2zuὃς ἐδέξατο λόγια ζῶντα δοῦναιὑμῖν 1this is the man who received living words to give to us
579ACT738p3xkfigs-metonymyλόγια ζῶντα 1living words
580ACT739mvz8figs-metaphorἀπώσαντο1pushed him away from themselves
581ACT739z3zefigs-metonymyἐστράφησαν ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις αὐτῶν 1in their hearts they turned back
582ACT741w38i0General Information:

Stephen's quotation here is from the prophet Amos.

583ACT741ux1jfigs-explicitἐμοσχοποίησαν1they made a calf
584ACT741hh77ἐμοσχοποίησαν ... εἰδώλῳ ... τοῖς ἔργοις τῶν χειρῶν αὐτῶν 1a calf ... the idol ... the work of their hands

These phrases all refer to the same statue of the calf.

585ACT742d3ddtranslate-symactionἔστρεψεν ... ὁ Θεὸς 1God turned
586ACT742rag5παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς 1gave them up
587ACT742u7lxτῇ στρατιᾷ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1the stars in the sky

Possible meanings for the original phrase are 1) the stars only or 2) the sun, moon, and stars.

588ACT742f314βίβλῳ τῶν προφητῶν 1the book of the prophets

This was apparently a collection of the writings of several of the Old Testament prophets into one scroll. It would also have included the writings of Amo.

589ACT742gd1bfigs-rquestionσφάγια καὶ θυσίας προσηνέγκατέ μοι, ἔτη τεσσεράκοντα ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, οἶκος Ἰσραήλ 1Did you offer to me slain beasts and sacrifices ... Israel?
590ACT742j4q8figs-metonymyοἶκος Ἰσραήλ 1house of Israel
591ACT743zek50General Information:

The quotation from the prophet Amos continues here.

592ACT743fs4q0Connecting Statement:

Stephen continues his response to the high priest and the council which he began in Acts 7:2.

593ACT743rk4zfigs-explicitἀνελάβετε1You accepted
594ACT743im7eσκηνὴν τοῦ Μολὸχ 1tabernacle of Molech

the tent that housed the false god Molech

595ACT743cq47ὸ ἄστρον τοῦ θεοῦ ... Ῥαιφάν 1the star of the god Rephan

the star that is identified with the false god Rephan

596ACT743gm4gτοὺς τύπους οὓς ἐποιήσατε 1the images that you made

They made statues or images of the gods Molech and Rephan in order to worship them.

597ACT743zgq6μετοικιῶ ὑμᾶς ἐπέκεινα Βαβυλῶνος 1I will carry you away beyond Babylon
598ACT744m9gwἡ σκηνὴ τοῦ μαρτυρίου 1the tabernacle of the testimony

The tent that housed the ark (a box) with the 10 commandments carved in stone inside it

599ACT745n2scἣν ... εἰσήγαγον, διαδεξάμενοι οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν μετὰ Ἰησοῦ 1our fathers, under Joshua, received the tabernacle and brought it with them
600ACT745n1ppτῇ κατασχέσει τῶν ἐθνῶν, ὧν ἐξῶσεν ὁ Θεὸς ἀπὸ προσώπου τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν 1God took the land from the nations and drove them out before the face of our fathers
601ACT745spm5figs-metonymyτῇ κατασχέσει τῶν ἐθνῶν ... ὁ Θεὸς ἀπὸ προσώπου τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν 1God took the land ... before the face of our fathers
602ACT745c2fbfigs-metonymyτῶν ἐθνῶν 1the nations
603ACT745m9ibὧν ἐξῶσεν 1drove them out
604ACT746w3cuσκήνωμα τῷ οἴκῳ Ἰακώβ 1a dwelling place for the God of Jacob
605ACT747a7bx0General Information:

In verses 49 and 50, Stephen quotes from the prophet Isaiah. In the quotation, God is speaking about himself.

606ACT748c822figs-synecdocheχειροποιήτοις1made with hands
607ACT749k2vnὁ‘ οὐρανός μοι θρόνος, ἡ δὲ γῆ ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν μου 1Heaven is my throne ... the earth is the footstool for my feet

The prophet is comparing the greatness of God's presence to how impossible it is for man to build a place for God to rest on earth since the whole earth is nothing but a place for God to rest his feet.

608ACT749wc9mfigs-rquestionποῖον οἶκον οἰκοδομήσετέ μοι 1What kind of house can you build for me?
609ACT749u1ftfigs-rquestionτίς τόπος τῆς καταπαύσεώς μου 1what is the place for my rest?
610ACT750rfk1figs-rquestionοὐχὶ ἡ χείρ μου ἐποίησεν ταῦτα πάντα 1Did my hand not make all these things?
611ACT751zei20Connecting Statement:

With a sharp rebuke, Stephen finishes his response to the high priest and the council which he began in Acts 7:2.

612ACT751umq6σκληροτράχηλοι1You people who are stiff-necked

Stephen shifted from identifying with the Jewish leaders to rebuking them.

613ACT751vn7hfigs-idiomσκληροτράχηλοι1stiff-necked
614ACT751zp55figs-metonymyἀπερίτμητοι καρδίαις καὶ τοῖς ὠσίν 1uncircumcised in heart and ears
615ACT752x7kffigs-rquestionτίνα τῶν προφητῶν οὐκ ἐδίωξαν οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν 1Which of the prophets did your fathers not persecute?
616ACT752q8wbΔικαίου1Righteous One

This refers to the Christ, the Messiah.

617ACT752agd9ὑμεῖς προδόται καὶ φονεῖς ἐγένεσθε 1you have now become the betrayers and murderers of him also
618ACT752fcc6φονεῖς1murderers of him
619ACT753euw5τὸν νόμον εἰς διαταγὰς ἀγγέλων 1the law that angels had established
620ACT754t4u20Connecting Statement:

The council reacts to Stephen's words.

621ACT754ef2gἀκούοντες δὲ ταῦτα 1Now when the council members heard these things

This is the turning point; the sermon ends and the council members react.

622ACT754u4l7figs-idiomδιεπρίοντο1were cut to the heart
623ACT754ae9stranslate-symactionἔβρυχον τοὺς ὀδόντας ἐπ’ αὐτόν 1ground their teeth at Stephen
624ACT755ntp4ἀτενίσας εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν 1looked up intently into heaven
625ACT755bl2jfigs-explicitεἶδεν δόξαν Θεοῦ 1saw the glory of God
626ACT755vyz3translate-symactionκαὶ Ἰησοῦν ἑστῶτα ἐκ δεξιῶν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1and he saw Jesus standing at the right hand of God
627ACT756aqp8Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1Son of Man
628ACT757p4cgtranslate-symactionσυνέσχον τὰ ὦτα αὐτῶν 1covered their ears
629ACT758ks1uἐκβαλόντες ἔξω τῆς πόλεως 1They dragged him out of the city
630ACT758wy7nτὰ ἱμάτια 1outer clothing

These are cloaks or robes they would wear outside to stay warm, similar in function to a jacket or coat.

631ACT758sx2pπαρὰ τοὺς πόδας 1at the feet
632ACT758e2vlνεανίου1a young man

Saul was probably around 30 years old at the time.

633ACT759le7k0Connecting Statement:

This ends the story of Stephen.

634ACT759k2elδέξαι τὸ πνεῦμά μου 1receive my spirit
635ACT760u86qtranslate-symactionθεὶς δὲ τὰ γόνατα 1He knelt down

This is an act of submission to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

636ACT760tvf8figs-litotesμὴ στήσῃς αὐτοῖς ταύτην τὴν ἁμαρτίαν 1do not hold this sin against them
637ACT760r9vifigs-euphemismἐκοιμήθη1fell asleep
638ACT8introq9d90
639ACT81tp9etranslate-versebridge0General Information:

It may be helpful to your audience to move these parts of the story about Stephen together by using a verse bridge as the UST does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge]])

640ACT81a7uc0Connecting Statement:

The story shifts from Stephen to Saul in these verses.

641ACT81ez88writing-backgroundἐγένετο ... ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ, διωγμὸς μέγας ἐπὶ τὴν ἐκκλησίαν, τὴν ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις. πάντες δὲ διεσπάρησαν κατὰ τὰς χώρας τῆς Ἰουδαίας καὶ Σαμαρείας, πλὴν τῶν ἀποστόλων 1So there began ... except the apostles

This part of verse 1 is background information about the persecution that began after Stephen's death. This explains why Saul was persecuting the believers in verse 3. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

642ACT81vc8xἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ 1that day

This refers to the day that Stephen died (Acts 7:59-60).

643ACT81u5pifigs-hyperboleπάντες ... διεσπάρησαν 1the believers were all scattered
644ACT81k5a2figs-explicitπλὴν τῶν ἀποστόλων 1except the apostles

This statement implies that the apostles remained in Jerusalem even though they also experienced this great persecution. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

645ACT82sjc8ἄνδρες εὐλαβεῖς 1Devout men
646ACT82a38xἐποίησαν κοπετὸν μέγαν ἐπ’ αὐτῷ 1made great lamentation over him
647ACT83nz28σύρων τε ἄνδρας καὶ γυναῖκας 1dragged out men and women

Saul forcefully took Jewish believers out of their home and put them into prison.

648ACT83yd2iκατὰ τοὺς οἴκους 1house after house
649ACT83ylr6σύρων τε ἄνδρας καὶ γυναῖκας 1dragged out men and women
650ACT83w6vkfigs-explicitἄνδρας καὶ γυναῖκας 1men and women

This refers to men and women who believed in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

651ACT84dh3x0Connecting Statement:

This begins the story of Philip, whom the people had chosen as a deacon (Acts 6:5).

652ACT84ymy5figs-activepassiveδιασπαρέντες1who had been scattered
653ACT84su6ifigs-metonymyτὸν λόγον 1the word
654ACT85gz5mκατελθὼν εἰς τὴν πόλιν τῆς Σαμαρείας 1went down to the city of Samaria
655ACT85f45bτὴν πόλιν τῆς Σαμαρείας 1the city of Samaria
656ACT85pk1lfigs-metonymyἐκήρυσσεν αὐτοῖς τὸν Χριστόν 1proclaimed to them the Christ
657ACT86cnt9δὲ οἱ ὄχλοι 1When multitudes of people
658ACT86wm83προσεῖχον1they paid attention

The reason people paid attention was because of all the healing Philip did.

659ACT87xb2nἐχόντων πνεύματα ἀκάθαρτα 1who were possessed
660ACT88z5z3figs-metonymyἐγένετο δὲ πολλὴ χαρὰ ἐν τῇ πόλει ἐκείνῃ 1So there was much joy in that city
661ACT89jm7nwriting-background0General Information:

Simon is introduced to the story of Philip. This verse gives the beginning of the background information about Simon and who he was among the Samaritans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

662ACT89bed1writing-participantsἀνὴρ δέ τις ὀνόματι Σίμων 1But there was a certain man ... named Simon

This is a way of introducing a new person into the story. Your language may use different wording to introduce a new person into the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

663ACT89cx7aτῇ πόλει 1the city
664ACT810kb9bwriting-background0General Information:

Simon is introduced to the story of Philip. This verse continues to give the beginning of the background information about Simon and who he was among the Samaritans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

665ACT810evt7figs-hyperboleπάντες1All the Samaritans
666ACT810ibl1figs-merismἀπὸ μικροῦ ἕως μεγάλου 1from the least to the greatest
667ACT810j3d8οὗτός ἐστιν ἡ Δύναμις τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἡ καλουμένη Μεγάλη 1This man is that power of God which is called Great
668ACT810yw5vἡ Δύναμις τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἡ καλουμένη Μεγάλη 1that power of God which is called Great
669ACT811pxj8writing-background0General Information:

Simon is introduced to the story of Philip. This verse ends the background information about Simon and who he was among the Samaritans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

670ACT812yiw30Connecting Statement:

These verses give more information about Simon and some of the Samaritans coming to believe in Jesus.

671ACT812vsy8figs-activepassiveἐβαπτίζοντο1they were baptized
672ACT813k2thfigs-rpronounsὁ ... Σίμων ... αὐτὸς ἐπίστευσεν 1Simon himself believed
673ACT813v91tfigs-activepassiveβαπτισθεὶς1he was baptized
674ACT813aj93θεωρῶν τε σημεῖα 1When he saw signs
675ACT814q8wx0Connecting Statement:

Luke continues the news of what was happening in Samaria.

676ACT814s7lrwriting-neweventἀκούσαντες δὲ οἱ ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις ἀπόστολοι 1Now when the apostles in Jerusalem heard

This marks the beginning of a new part of the story of the Samaritan's becoming believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

677ACT814ju21figs-synecdocheἡ Σαμάρεια 1Samaria

This refers to the many people, who had become believers, throughout the district of Samaria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

678ACT814e682δέδεκται1had received
679ACT815af1nοἵτινες καταβάντες 1When they had come down
680ACT815hk1mκαταβάντες1come down

This phrase is used here because Samaria is lower in elevation than Jerusalem.

681ACT815bun9προσηύξαντο περὶ αὐτῶν 1they prayed for them
682ACT815n7vcὅπως λάβωσιν Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον 1that they might receive the Holy Spirit
683ACT816m1nwfigs-activepassiveμόνον ... βεβαπτισμένοι ὑπῆρχον 1they had only been baptized
684ACT816rn3cfigs-metonymyμόνον ... βεβαπτισμένοι ὑπῆρχον εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ 1they had only been baptized into the name of the Lord Jesus
685ACT817fwh8ἐπετίθεσαν τὰς χεῖρας ἐπ’ αὐτούς 1Peter and John placed their hands on them
686ACT817q7gdtranslate-symactionἐπετίθεσαν τὰς χεῖρας ἐπ’ αὐτούς 1placed their hands on them

This symbolic action shows that Peter and John wanted God to give the Holy Spirit to the believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

687ACT818rh79figs-activepassiveδιὰ τῆς ἐπιθέσεως τῶν χειρῶν τῶν ἀποστόλων δίδοται τὸ Πνεῦμα 1the Holy Spirit was given through the laying on of the apostles' hands
688ACT819fbw9ἵνα ᾧ ἐὰν ἐπιθῶ τὰς χεῖρας, λαμβάνῃ Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον 1that whoever I place my hands on might receive the Holy Spirit
689ACT820df1j0General Information:

Here the words him, your, you, and yours all refer to Simon.

690ACT820jju3τὸ ἀργύριόν σου, σὺν σοὶ εἴη εἰς ἀπώλειαν 1May your silver perish along with you
691ACT820gh12τὴν δωρεὰν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1the gift of God

Here this refers to the ability to give the Holy Spirit by laying his hands on someone.

692ACT821p2evfigs-doubletοὐκ ἔστιν σοι μερὶς οὐδὲ κλῆρος ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ 1You have no part or share in this matter
693ACT821xbh2figs-metonymyἡ γὰρ καρδία σου οὐκ ἔστιν εὐθεῖα 1your heart is not right
694ACT822ppk5figs-metonymyἡ ἐπίνοια τῆς καρδίας σου 1for the intention of your heart
695ACT822sa6sτῆς κακίας ... ταύτης 1this wickedness
696ACT822pe2uεἰ ἄρα ἀφεθήσεταί 1he might perhaps forgive
697ACT823d3v7figs-metaphorεἰς ... χολὴν πικρίας 1in the poison of bitterness
698ACT823j696figs-metaphorσύνδεσμον ἀδικίας 1in the bonds of sin
699ACT824n5cw0General Information:
700ACT824u1a4ὅπως μηδὲν ἐπέλθῃ ἐπ’ ἐμὲ 1so that nothing you have said may happen to me
701ACT824sk5wὅπως μηδὲν ἐπέλθῃ ἐπ’ ἐμὲ 1so that nothing you have said may happen to me

This refers to Peter's rebuke about Simon's silver perishing along with him.

702ACT825dl9f0Connecting Statement:

This is concludes the part of the story about Simon and the Samaritans.

703ACT825uz15διαμαρτυράμενοι1testified

Peter and John told what they personally knew about Jesus to the Samaritans.

704ACT825ww9kfigs-metonymyλαλήσαντες τὸν λόγον τοῦ Κυρίου 1spoken the word of the Lord
705ACT825eu66figs-synecdocheπολλάς ... κώμας τῶν Σαμαρειτῶν 1to many villages of the Samaritans
706ACT826zkc5writing-background0General Information:

Verse 27 gives background information about the man from Ethiopia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

707ACT826rnh40Connecting Statement:

This begins the part of the story about Philip and the man from Ethiopia.

708ACT826mbj9writing-neweventδὲ1Now

This marks a transition in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

709ACT826w1nkἀνάστηθι καὶ πορεύου 1Arise and go
710ACT826le2cτὴν καταβαίνουσαν ἀπὸ Ἰερουσαλὴμ εἰς Γάζαν 1goes down from Jerusalem to Gaza
711ACT826a18ywriting-backgroundαὕτη ἐστὶν ἔρημος 1This road is in a desert

Most scholars believe Luke added this comment to describe the area through which Philip would travel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

712ACT827xy7xwriting-participantsἰδοὺ1Behold
713ACT827s1ufεὐνοῦχος1eunuch
714ACT827t5t1translate-namesΚανδάκης1Candace

This was a title for the queens of Ethiopia. It is similar to the way the word Pharaoh was used for the kings of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

715ACT827v8q7figs-explicitὃς ἐληλύθει προσκυνήσων εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ 1He had come to Jerusalem to worship
716ACT828d3kvτοῦ ἅρματος 1chariot
717ACT828bx2jfigs-metonymyἀνεγίνωσκεν τὸν προφήτην Ἠσαΐαν 1reading the prophet Isaiah
718ACT829llh1figs-metonymyκολλήθητι τῷ ἅρματι τούτῳ 1stay close to this chariot
719ACT830ffh7figs-metonymyἀναγινώσκοντος Ἠσαΐαν τὸν προφήτην 1reading Isaiah the prophet
720ACT830x98iἆρά ... γινώσκεις ἃ ἀναγινώσκεις 1Do you understand what you are reading?
721ACT831r5g2figs-rquestionπῶς ... δυναίμην ἐὰν μή τις ὁδηγήσει με 1How can I, unless someone guides me?
722ACT831zx9hfigs-explicitπαρεκάλεσέν ... τὸν Φίλιππον, ἀναβάντα καθίσαι σὺν αὐτῷ 1He begged Philip to ... sit with him

It is implied here that Philip agreed to travel down the road with him to explain the scriptures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

723ACT832nd930General Information:
724ACT832lu3jὡς ἀμνὸς ἐναντίον τοῦ κείραντος αὐτὸν ἄφωνος 1like a lamb before his shearer is silent

A shearer is a person who cuts the wool off the sheep so that it may be used.

725ACT833y2a1figs-activepassiveἐν τῇ ταπεινώσει, ἡ κρίσις αὐτοῦ ἤρθη 1In his humiliation justice was taken away from him
726ACT833k3uzfigs-rquestionτὴν γενεὰν αὐτοῦ τίς διηγήσεται 1Who can fully describe his descendants?
727ACT833idk8figs-activepassiveαἴρεται ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς ἡ ζωὴ αὐτοῦ 1his life was taken from the earth
728ACT834htb2δέομαί σου 1I beg you
729ACT835uw21figs-metonymyτῆς Γραφῆς ταύτης 1this scripture
730ACT836ip13ἐπορεύοντο κατὰ τὴν ὁδόν 1they went on the road
731ACT836muz2figs-rquestionτί κωλύει με βαπτισθῆναι 1What prevents me from being baptized?
732ACT838l8wlἐκέλευσεν στῆναι τὸ ἅρμα 1commanded the chariot to stop
733ACT839tz5u0Connecting Statement:

This is the end of the part of the story about Philip and the man from Ethiopia. The story of Philip ends at Caesarea.

734ACT839xp52οὐκ εἶδεν αὐτὸν οὐκέτι ὁ εὐνοῦχος 1the eunuch saw him no more
735ACT840r1x7Φίλιππος ... εὑρέθη εἰς Ἄζωτον 1Philip appeared at Azotus

There was no indication of Philip's traveling between where he baptized the Ethiopian and Azotus. He just suddenly disappeared along the road to Gaza and reappeared at the town of Azotus.

736ACT840arh5διερχόμενος1that region

This refers to the area around the town of Azotus.

737ACT840zfn6τὰς πόλεις πάσας 1to all the cities
738ACT9introjm6x0
739ACT91r4n5writing-background0General Information:
740ACT91yt9e0Connecting Statement:

The story shifts back to Saul and his salvation.

741ACT91anb6figs-abstractnounsἔτι ἐμπνέων ἀπειλῆς καὶ φόνου εἰς τοὺς μαθητὰς 1still speaking threats even of murder against the disciples
742ACT92v9lwfigs-metonymyπρὸς τὰς συναγωγάς 1for the synagogues
743ACT92y8f6ἐάν τινας εὕρῃ 1if he found any
744ACT92pk19τῆς ὁδοῦ, ὄντας 1who belonged to the Way
745ACT92n94sτῆς ὁδοῦ 1the Way

This term appears to have been a title for Christianity at that time.

746ACT92a6z4figs-explicitδεδεμένους ἀγάγῃ εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ 1he might bring them bound to Jerusalem
747ACT93lv9q0Connecting Statement:

After the high priest gave Saul the letters, Saul left for Damascus.

748ACT93jf4gἐν ...τῷ πορεύεσθαι 1As he was traveling

Saul left Jerusalem and now travels to Damascus.

749ACT93by55writing-neweventἐγένετο1it happened that

This is an expression that marks a change in the story to show something different is about to happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

750ACT93dm6cτε αὐτὸν περιήστραψεν φῶς ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1there shone all around him a light out of heaven
751ACT93gua8ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1out of heaven

Possible meanings are 1) heaven, where God lives or 2) the sky. The first meaning is preferable. Use that meaning if your language has a separate word for it.

752ACT94y4u4πεσὼν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν 1he fell upon the ground
753ACT94c9l4figs-rquestionτί με διώκεις 1why are you persecuting me?
754ACT95q8ge0General Information:
755ACT95jaq2τίς εἶ, κύριε 1Who are you, Lord?

Saul was not acknowledging that Jesus is the Lord. He uses that title because he understood that he spoke to someone of supernatural power.

756ACT96i1kjἀλλὰ ἀνάστηθι καὶ εἴσελθε εἰς τὴν πόλιν 1but rise, enter into the city
757ACT96fbi6figs-activepassiveλαληθήσεταί σοι 1it will be told you
758ACT97xu7cἀκούοντες μὲν τῆς φωνῆς, μηδένα δὲ θεωροῦντες 1hearing the voice, but seeing no one
759ACT97f9feμηδένα δὲ θεωροῦντες 1but seeing no one
760ACT98puw3figs-explicitἀνεῳγμένων ... τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν αὐτοῦ 1when he opened his eyes

This implies that he had closed his eyes because the light was too bright. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

761ACT98dgg8οὐδὲν ἔβλεπεν 1he could see nothing
762ACT99fhn6ἦν ... μὴ βλέπων 1was without sight
763ACT99t8ucοὐκ ἔφαγεν οὐδὲ ἔπιεν 1he neither ate nor drank

It is not stated whether he chose not to eat or drink as a form of worship, or if he had no appetite because he was too distressed from his situation. It is preferable not to specify the reason.

764ACT910kgn9translate-names0General Information:

The story of Saul continues but Luke introduces another man named Ananias. This is not the same Ananias who died earlier in Acts Acts 5:3. You may translate this name the same way though as you did in Acts 5:1. Though there is more than one Judas mentioned in the New Testament, it is likely this is the only appearance of this Judas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

765ACT910j847writing-participantsἦν δέ 1Now there was

This introduces Ananias as a new character. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

766ACT910vl8kὁ ... εἶπεν 1He said
767ACT911mn24πορεύθητι ἐπὶ τὴν ῥύμην τὴν καλουμένην Εὐθεῖαν 1go to the street which is called Straight
768ACT911ie1lοἰκίᾳ Ἰούδα 1house of Judas

This Judas is not the disciple who betrayed Jesus. This Judas was owner of a house in Damascus where Saul was staying.

769ACT911u5j8Σαῦλον ὀνόματι Ταρσέα 1a man from Tarsus named Saul
770ACT912jk46translate-symactionἐπιθέντα αὐτῷ χεῖρας 1laying his hands on him

This was a symbol of giving a spiritual blessing to Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

771ACT912nx5qἀναβλέψῃ1he might see again
772ACT913la9tἁγίοις σου 1your holy people
773ACT914ptd6figs-explicitὧδε ... ἐξουσίαν ... δῆσαι πάντας 1authority ... to arrest everyone here

It is implied that the extent of the power and authority granted Saul was limited to the Jewish people at this point in time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

774ACT914t3flfigs-metonymyτοὺς ἐπικαλουμένους τὸ ὄνομά σου 1calls upon your name
775ACT915jmt7figs-metonymyσκεῦος ἐκλογῆς ἐστίν μοι οὗτος 1he is a chosen instrument of mine
776ACT915z5fjfigs-metonymyτοῦ βαστάσαι τὸ ὄνομά μου 1to carry my name
777ACT916kty3figs-metonymyὑπὲρ τοῦ ὀνόματός μου 1for the cause of my name
778ACT917q61xfigs-you0General Information:
779ACT917j2pf0Connecting Statement:

Ananias goes to the house where Saul is staying. After Saul is healed, the story shifts from Ananias back to Saul.

780ACT917s8msἀπῆλθεν δὲ Ἁνανίας καὶ εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν 1So Ananias departed, and entered into the house
781ACT917my6mtranslate-symactionἐπιθεὶς ἐπ’ αὐτὸν τὰς χεῖρας 1Laying his hands on him

Ananias put his hands on Saul. This was a symbol of giving a blessing to Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

782ACT917a89qfigs-activepassiveὅπως ἀναβλέψῃς καὶ πλησθῇς Πνεύματος Ἁγίου 1so that you might receive your sight and be filled with the Holy Spirit
783ACT918m1hxἀπέπεσαν ... ὡς λεπίδες 1something like scales fell
784ACT918g2eaἀνέβλεψέν1he received his sight
785ACT918efs9figs-activepassiveἀναστὰς ἐβαπτίσθη 1he arose and was baptized
786ACT920rc490General Information:
787ACT920w65rguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΥἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ 1Son of God

This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

788ACT921xid8figs-hyperboleπάντες οἱ ἀκούοντες 1All who heard him
789ACT921f4fdfigs-rquestionοὐχ οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ πορθήσας ἐν Ἰερουσαλὴμ τοὺς ἐπικαλουμένους τὸ ὄνομα τοῦτο 1Is not this the man who destroyed those in Jerusalem who called on this name?
790ACT921ctg3figs-metonymyτὸ ὄνομα τοῦτο 1this name
791ACT922r1npσυνέχυννεν τοὺς Ἰουδαίους 1causing distress among the Jews

They were distressed in the sense that they could not find a way to refute Saul's arguments that Jesus was the Christ.

792ACT923g6gw0General Information:
793ACT923g74cfigs-synecdocheοἱ Ἰουδαῖοι 1the Jews
794ACT924lv62figs-activepassiveἐγνώσθη δὲ τῷ Σαύλῳ ἡ ἐπιβουλὴ αὐτῶν 1But their plan became known to Saul
795ACT924cy9nπαρετηροῦντο ... καὶ τὰς πύλας 1They watched the gates

This city had a wall surrounding it. People could normally only enter and exit the city through the gates.

796ACT925lc8mοἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ 1his disciples

people who believed Saul's message about Jesus and were following his teaching

797ACT925u8g8διὰ τοῦ τείχους, καθῆκαν αὐτὸν, χαλάσαντες ἐν σπυρίδι 1let him down through the wall, lowering him in a basket
798ACT926j1el0General Information:
799ACT926e38mfigs-hyperboleκαὶ πάντες ἐφοβοῦντο αὐτόν 1but they were all afraid of him
800ACT927n9f1figs-metonymyἐπαρρησιάσατο ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1had spoken boldly in the name of Jesus
801ACT928m5rsἦν μετ’ αὐτῶν 1He met with them
802ACT928fbb7figs-metonymyἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ Κυρίου 1in the name of the Lord Jesus
803ACT929d7lmσυνεζήτει πρὸς τοὺς Ἑλληνιστάς 1debated with the Grecian Jews

Saul tried to reason with the Jews who spoke Greek.

804ACT930uz9aοἱ ἀδελφοὶ 1the brothers
805ACT930j4mtκατήγαγον αὐτὸν εἰς Καισάρειαν 1brought him down to Caesarea
806ACT930aqn6figs-explicitἐξαπέστειλαν αὐτὸν εἰς Ταρσόν 1sent him away to Tarsus

Caesarea was a seaport. They brothers probably sent Saul to Tarsus by ship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

807ACT931vk8y0General Information:

Verse 31 is a statement that gives an update on the church's growth.

808ACT931n7c50Connecting Statement:

In verse 32, the story shifts from Saul to a new part of the story about Peter.

809ACT931s4bnἡ ... ἐκκλησία καθ’ ὅλης τῆς Ἰουδαίας, καὶ Γαλιλαίας, καὶ Σαμαρείας 1the church throughout all Judea, Galilee, and Samaria
810ACT931fh2gεἶχεν εἰρήνην 1had peace
811ACT931elq7figs-activepassiveοἰκοδομουμένη1was built up
812ACT931j8c9figs-metaphorπορευομένη τῷ φόβῳ τοῦ Κυρίου 1walking in the fear of the Lord
813ACT931hl24τῇ παρακλήσει τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος 1in the comfort of the Holy Spirit
814ACT932w68gwriting-neweventἐγένετο δὲ 1Now it came about

This phrase is used to mark a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

815ACT932m9sgfigs-hyperboleδιὰ πάντων 1throughout the whole region

This is an generalization for Peter's visiting the believers in many places in the region of Judea, Galilee, and Samaria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

816ACT932ad7gκατελθεῖν1he came down
817ACT932g5c4Λύδδα1Lydda

Lydda is a city located about 18 kilometers southeast of Joppa. This city was called Lod in the Old Testament and in modern Israel.

818ACT933hzd7εὗρεν ... ἐκεῖ ἄνθρωπόν τινα 1There he found a certain man
819ACT933jnc4writing-participantsἄνθρωπόν τινα ὀνόματι Αἰνέαν 1a certain man named Aeneas

This introduces Aeneas as a new character in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

820ACT933uj5fwriting-backgroundκατακείμενον ἐπὶ κραβάττου, ὃς ἦν παραλελυμένος 1who had been in his bed ... was paralyzed

This is background information about Aeneas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

821ACT933k7hwπαραλελυμένος1paralyzed

unable to walk, probably unable to move below the waist

822ACT934ff2aστρῶσον σεαυτῷ 1make your bed
823ACT935z3fpfigs-hyperboleπάντες οἱ κατοικοῦντες Λύδδα καὶ τὸν Σαρῶνα 1everyone who lived in Lydda and in Sharon
824ACT935qkv4Λύδδα καὶ τὸν Σαρῶνα 1in Lydda and in Sharon

The city of Lydda was located in the Plain of Sharon.

825ACT935pf23εἶδαν αὐτὸν 1saw the man
826ACT935x9ywfigs-metaphorοἵτινες ἐπέστρεψαν ἐπὶ τὸν Κύριον 1and they turned to the Lord
827ACT936gy8uwriting-background0General Information:

These verses give background information about the woman named Tabitha. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

828ACT936du3s0Connecting Statement:

Luke continues the story with a new event about Peter.

829ACT936zgq5writing-neweventδέ ... ἦν 1Now there was

This introduces a new part in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

830ACT936gwr4translate-names
831ACT936q2rnπλήρης ἔργων ἀγαθῶν 1full of good works
832ACT937mg72figs-explicitἐγένετο δὲ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις 1It came about in those days
833ACT937y8sxλούσαντες ... αὐτὴν 1washed her

This was washing to prepare for her burial.

834ACT937znj4ἔθηκαν ἐν ὑπερῴῳ 1they laid her in an upper room

This was a temporary display of the body during the funeral process.

835ACT938uhz5ἀπέστειλαν δύο ἄνδρας πρὸς αὐτὸν 1they sent two men to him
836ACT939k1seεἰς τὸ ὑπερῷον 1to the upper room
837ACT939me79πᾶσαι αἱ χῆραι 1all the widows

It is possible that all the widows of the town were there since it was not a large town.

838ACT939piu7χῆραι1widows

women whose husbands had died and therefore needed help

839ACT939y6q5μετ’ αὐτῶν οὖσα 1while she had been with them
840ACT940ek9cwriting-endofstory0

The story of Tabitha ends in verse 42. Verse 43 tells us what happens to Peter after the story ends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])

841ACT940yp2uἐκβαλὼν ... ἔξω πάντας 1put them all out of the room
842ACT941r7n6δοὺς ... αὐτῇ χεῖρα, ἀνέστησεν αὐτήν 1gave her his hand and lifted her up

Peter took hold of her hand and helped her stand up.

843ACT941b73sτοὺς ἁγίους καὶ τὰς χήρα 1the believers and the widows

The widows were possibly also believers but are mentioned specifically because Tabitha was so important to them.

844ACT942nda9figs-activepassiveγνωστὸν δὲ ἐγένετο καθ’ ὅλης τῆς Ἰόππη 1This matter became known throughout all Joppa
845ACT942fyz4ἐπίστευσαν ... ἐπὶ τὸν Κύριον 1believed on the Lord
846ACT943k9ikwriting-neweventἐγένετο1It happened that
847ACT943qar2Σίμωνι, βυρσεῖ 1Simon, a tanner
848ACT10introym7z0
849ACT101m1vxwriting-background0General Information:

These verses give background information about Cornelius. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

850ACT101nfy50Connecting Statement:

This is the beginning of the part of the story about Cornelius.

851ACT101wtb9writing-participantsἀνὴρ δέ τις 1Now there was a certain man

This was a way of introducing a new person to this part of the historical account. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

852ACT101x476ὀνόματι Κορνήλιος, ἑκατοντάρχης ἐκ Σπείρης τῆς καλουμένης Ἰταλικῆς 1Cornelius by name, a centurion of what was called the Italian Regiment
853ACT102n8i3φοβούμενος τὸν Θεὸν 1worshiped God
854ACT102w2kxfigs-hyperboleδεόμενος τοῦ Θεοῦ διὰ παντός 1he constantly prayed to God
855ACT103up3jὥραν ἐνάτην 1the ninth hour
856ACT103g3lvεἶδεν ... φανερῶς 1he clearly saw
857ACT104p5mlfigs-explicitαἱ προσευχαί σου, καὶ αἱ ἐλεημοσύναι σου, ἀνέβησαν εἰς μνημόσυνον ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1Your prayers and your gifts ... a memorial offering into God's presence
858ACT106lt9nβυρσεῖ1a tanner

a person who makes leather from animal skins

859ACT107g6lqὡς δὲ ἀπῆλθεν ὁ ἄγγελος ὁ λαλῶν αὐτῷ 1When the angel who spoke to him had left
860ACT107i3x7στρατιώτην εὐσεβῆ τῶν προσκαρτερούντων αὐτῷ 1a devout soldier from among those who served him
861ACT107yg7gεὐσεβῆ1devout

An adjective to describe a person who worshiped God and served him.

862ACT108pcg2ἐξηγησάμενος ἅπαντα αὐτοῖς 1told them all that had happened

Cornelius explained his vision to his two servants and to one of his soldiers.

863ACT108d2p3ἀπέστειλεν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὴν Ἰόππην 1sent them to Joppa
864ACT109ey9n0General Information:
865ACT109w3g40Connecting Statement:

The story shifts away from Cornelius to tell us what God is doing with to Peter.

866ACT109tu7nπερὶ ὥραν ἕκτην 1about the sixth hour
867ACT109r6l8ἀνέβη ... ἐπὶ τὸ δῶμα 1up upon the housetop

The roofs of the houses were flat, and people often did many different activities on them.

868ACT1010slq7παρασκευαζόντων ... αὐτῶν 1while the people were cooking some food
869ACT1010im7xfigs-activepassiveἐγένετο ἐπ’ αὐτὸν ἔκστασις 1he was given a vision
870ACT1011n4hiθεωρεῖ τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀνεῳγμένον 1he saw the sky open

This was the beginning of Peter's vision. It can be a new sentence.

871ACT1011u9u4ὡς ὀθόνην μεγάλην, τέσσαρσιν ἀρχαῖς 1something like a large sheet ... four corners

The container holding the animals had the appearance of a large square piece of cloth.

872ACT1011jh1mτέσσαρσιν ἀρχαῖς καθιέμενον 1let down by its four corners
873ACT1012ua3jfigs-explicitπάντα τὰ τετράποδα, καὶ ἑρπετὰ τῆς γῆς, καὶ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1all kinds of four-footed animals ... birds of the sky
874ACT1013a2z4figs-synecdocheἐγένετο φωνὴ πρὸς αὐτόν 1a voice spoke to him
875ACT1014z7r5μηδαμῶς1Not so
876ACT1014a2jjfigs-explicitοὐδέποτε ἔφαγον πᾶν κοινὸν καὶ ἀκάθαρτον 1I have never eaten anything that was defiled and unclean

It is implied that some the animals in the container were unclean as defined by the law of Moses and were not to be eaten by believers who lived before Christ died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

877ACT1015xs5sfigs-123personἃ ὁ Θεὸς ἐκαθάρισεν 1What God has cleansed
878ACT1016rlr9τοῦτο ... ἐγένετο ἐπὶ τρίς 1This happened three times
879ACT1017d4ziδιηπόρει ὁ Πέτρος 1Peter was very confused

This means that Peter was having difficulty understanding what the vision meant.

880ACT1017n6daἰδοὺ1behold
881ACT1017e62mfigs-explicitἐπέστησαν ἐπὶ τὸν πυλῶνα 1stood before the gate
882ACT1017h72mδιερωτήσαντες τὴν οἰκίαν 1after they had asked their way to the house

This happened before they arrived at the house. This could be stated earlier in the verse, as the UST does.

883ACT1018qe9dφωνήσαντες1They called out

Cornelius' men remained outside the gate while asking about Peter.

884ACT1019e8aiδιενθυμουμένου περὶ τοῦ ὁράματος 1thinking about the vision
885ACT1019d9q8τὸ Πνεῦμα 1the Spirit
886ACT1019iqx5ἰδοὺ1behold
887ACT1019va39translate-textvariantsἄνδρες ζητοῦσιν σε 1men are looking for you

Some ancient texts have a different number of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])

888ACT1020ym1xκατάβηθι1go down
889ACT1020wx4nπορεύου σὺν αὐτοῖς, μηδὲν διακρινόμενος 1Do not hesitate to go with them

It would be natural for Peter not to want to go with them, because they were strangers and they were Gentiles.

890ACT1021lj1fἐγώ εἰμι ὃν ζητεῖτε 1I am he whom you are seeking
891ACT1022i4zh0General Information:
892ACT1022baa3figs-activepassiveΚορνήλιος, ἑκατοντάρχης ἀνὴρ δίκαιος, καὶ φοβούμενος τὸν Θεὸν, μαρτυρούμενός τε ὑπὸ ὅλου τοῦ ἔθνους τῶν Ἰουδαίων, ἐχρηματίσθη ὑπὸ ἀγγέλου ἁγίου, μεταπέμψασθαί σε εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀκοῦσαι ῥήματα παρὰ σοῦ 1A centurion named Cornelius ... listen to a message from you

This can be divided into several sentences and stated in active form as the UST does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

893ACT1022wvl1φοβούμενος τὸν Θεὸν 1worships God
894ACT1022gv91figs-hyperboleὅλου τοῦ ἔθνους τῶν Ἰουδαίων 1all the nation of the Jews
895ACT1023jlc7εἰσκαλεσάμενος οὖν αὐτοὺς ἐξένισεν 1So Peter invited them to come in and stay with him

The journey to Caesarea was too long for them to begin that afternoon.

896ACT1023shs5ἐξένισεν1stay with him
897ACT1023t7czτινες τῶν ἀδελφῶν τῶν ἀπὸ Ἰόππης 1some of the brothers from Joppa

This refers to believers who lived in Joppa.

898ACT1024c3s6τῇ ... ἐπαύριον 1On the following day

This was the next day after they left Joppa. The journey to Caesarea took longer than one day.

899ACT1024g2upὁ δὲ Κορνήλιος ἦν προσδοκῶν αὐτοὺς 1Cornelius was waiting for them
900ACT1025wxt8ὡς ... τοῦ εἰσελθεῖν τὸν Πέτρον 1when Peter entered
901ACT1025b4pntranslate-symactionπεσὼν ἐπὶ τοὺς πόδας, προσεκύνησεν 1fell down at his feet to worship him
902ACT1025u2x5πεσὼν1fell down

He purposely lies down facing the ground to show that he is worshiping.

903ACT1026s7n5ἀνάστηθι, καὶ ἐγὼ ... ἄνθρωπός εἰμι 1Stand up! I too am a man
904ACT1027f9x6figs-you0General Information:
905ACT1027bg7b0Connecting Statement:

Peter addresses the people who are gathered in Cornelius' house.

906ACT1027twp9figs-explicitσυνεληλυθότας πολλούς 1many people gathered together
907ACT1028g7j7ὑμεῖς ἐπίστασθε 1You yourselves know

Peter is addressing Cornelius and his invited guests.

908ACT1028iyx6ἀθέμιτόν ἐστιν ἀνδρὶ Ἰουδαίῳ 1it is not lawful for a Jewish man
909ACT1028k3weἀλλοφύλῳ1someone from another nation

This refers to people who were not Jews and not specifically to where they lived.

910ACT1030krz8figs-you0General Information:
911ACT1030n5fs0Connecting Statement:

Cornelius responds to Peter's question.

912ACT1030na4uἀπὸ τετάρτης ἡμέρας 1Four days ago
913ACT1030mqv8translate-textvariantsπροσευχόμενος1praying
914ACT1030yy6eτὴν ἐνάτην 1at the ninth hour

The normal afternoon time that the Jews pray to God.

915ACT1031heh3figs-activepassiveεἰσηκούσθη σου ἡ προσευχὴ 1your prayer has been heard by God
916ACT1031s6nzἐμνήσθησαν ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1reminded God about you
917ACT1032ci31μετακάλεσαι Σίμωνα, ὃς ἐπικαλεῖται Πέτρος 1call to you a man named Simon who is called Peter
918ACT1033p5eeἐξαυτῆς1at once
919ACT1033ruf3σύ τε καλῶς ἐποίησας παραγενόμενος 1You are kind to have come
920ACT1033ry21ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1in the sight of God

This refers to the presence of God.

921ACT1033xt4xfigs-activepassiveτὰ προστεταγμένα σοι ὑπὸ τοῦ Κυρίου 1that you have been instructed by the Lord to say
922ACT1034ku8u0Connecting Statement:

Peter begins speaking to everyone in the house of Cornelius.

923ACT1034cyn8ἀνοίξας δὲ Πέτρος τὸ στόμα εἶπεν 1Then Peter opened his mouth and said
924ACT1034ha31ἐπ’ ἀληθείας 1Truly

This means that what he is about to say is especially important to know.

925ACT1034iii7οὐκ ἔστιν προσωπολήμπτης ὁ Θεός 1God does not take anyone's side
926ACT1035j78eὁ φοβούμενος αὐτὸν καὶ ἐργαζόμενος δικαιοσύνην, δεκτὸς αὐτῷ ἐστιν 1anyone who worships and does righteous deeds is acceptable to him
927ACT1035b5crφοβούμενος1worships
928ACT1036bjk70General Information:
929ACT1036sv4s0Connecting Statement:

Peter continues to talk to Cornelius and his guests.

930ACT1036md1lοὗτός ἐστιν πάντων Κύριος 1who is Lord of all
931ACT1037ch65figs-hyperboleκαθ’ ὅλης τῆς Ἰουδαίας 1throughout all Judea
932ACT1037sq2iμετὰ τὸ βάπτισμα ὃ ἐκήρυξεν Ἰωάννης 1after the baptism that John announced
933ACT1038jtr3Ἰησοῦν τὸν ἀπὸ Ναζαρέθ, ὡς ἔχρισεν αὐτὸν ὁ Θεὸς Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ καὶ δυνάμει 1the events ... and with power
934ACT1038ku82figs-metaphorἔχρισεν αὐτὸν ὁ Θεὸς Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ καὶ δυνάμει 1God anointed him with the Holy Spirit and with power

The Holy Spirit and God's power are spoken of as if they are something that can be poured out onto a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

935ACT1038y5yafigs-hyperboleπάντας τοὺς καταδυναστευομένους ὑπὸ τοῦ διαβόλου 1all who were oppressed by the devil
936ACT1038tj3ufigs-idiomὁ Θεὸς ἦν μετ’ αὐτοῦ 1God was with him
937ACT1039kal7figs-exclusive0General Information:
938ACT1039sx3aἔν ... τῇ χώρᾳ τῶν Ἰουδαίων 1in the country of the Jews

This refers mainly to Judea at that time.

939ACT1039z4dtκρεμάσαντες ἐπὶ ξύλου 1hanging him on a tree
940ACT1040cxj5figs-idiomτοῦτον ὁ Θεὸς ἤγειρεν 1God raised him up
941ACT1040w8kvτῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ 1the third day
942ACT1040iz8lἔδωκεν αὐτὸν ἐμφανῆ γενέσθαι 1caused him to be seen
943ACT1041q7d1ἐκ νεκρῶν 1from the dead

From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld.

944ACT1042ik96figs-exclusive0General Information:
945ACT1042zne50Connecting Statement:

Peter finishes his speech to everyone in the house of Cornelius, which he began in Acts 10:34.

946ACT1042c1akfigs-activepassiveὅτι οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ὡρισμένος ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1that this is the one who has been chosen by God
947ACT1042ws4tfigs-nominaladjζώντων καὶ νεκρῶν 1the living and the dead
948ACT1043ub5dτούτῳ πάντες οἱ προφῆται μαρτυροῦσιν 1It is to him that all the prophets bear witness
949ACT1043vq6lfigs-activepassiveἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν λαβεῖν ... πάντα τὸν πιστεύοντα εἰς αὐτὸν 1everyone who believes in him shall receive forgiveness of sins
950ACT1043y6d1figs-metonymyδιὰ τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ 1through his name
951ACT1044cz7xἐπέπεσε τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον 1the Holy Spirit fell
952ACT1044wf7uπάντας τοὺς ἀκούοντας 1all of those who were listening
953ACT1045j6wtἡ δωρεὰ τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος 1the gift of the Holy Spirit

This refers to the Holy Spirit himself who was given to them.

954ACT1045g161figs-activepassiveτοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος ἐκκέχυται 1the Holy Spirit was poured out
955ACT1045mqs8figs-metaphorἐκκέχυται1poured out
956ACT1045je22ἡ δωρεὰ 1the gift
957ACT1045f33nκαὶ ἐπὶ τὰ ἔθνη 1also on the Gentiles
958ACT1046w58d0General Information:
959ACT1046mpg50Connecting Statement:

This is the end of the part of the story about Cornelius.

960ACT1046p6paαὐτῶν λαλούντων γλώσσαις, καὶ μεγαλυνόντων τὸν Θεόν 1Gentiles speak in other languages and praising God

These were known spoken languages that caused the Jews to acknowledge that the Gentiles were indeed praising God.

961ACT1047u5d5figs-rquestionμήτι τὸ ὕδωρ δύναται κωλῦσαί τις τοῦ μὴ βαπτισθῆναι τούτους, οἵτινες τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον ἔλαβον, ὡς καὶ ἡμεῖς 1Can anyone keep water from these people so they should not be baptized, these people who have received ... we?
962ACT1048t2y9figs-explicitπροσέταξεν ... αὐτοὺς ... βαπτισθῆναι 1he commanded them to be baptized
963ACT1048ax6xfigs-metonymyἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ βαπτισθῆναι 1be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ
964ACT11introhva50
965ACT111uw5m0General Information:

This is the beginning of a new event in the story.

966ACT111j7f70Connecting Statement:

Peter arrives in Jerusalem and begins talking to the Jews there.

967ACT111ab75writing-neweventδὲ1Now

This marks a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

968ACT111f1mdοἱ ... ἀδελφοὶ 1the brothers
969ACT111q8wlοἱ ὄντες κατὰ τὴν Ἰουδαίαν 1who were in Judea
970ACT111w3rxfigs-metonymyἐδέξαντο τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1had received the word of God
971ACT112kb4mἀνέβη ... εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ 1had come up to Jerusalem

Jerusalem was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for Israelites to speak of coming up to Jerusalem and going down from it.

972ACT112yar6figs-metonymyοἱ ἐκ περιτομῆς 1they who belonged to the circumcision group
973ACT113ah7vfigs-metonymyἄνδρας, ἀκροβυστίαν ἔχοντας 1uncircumcised men
974ACT113t9e1συνέφαγεν αὐτοῖς 1ate with them

It was against Jewish tradition for Jews to eat with Gentiles.

975ACT114lrh60Connecting Statement:

Peter responds to the Jews by telling them about his vision and about what had happened at Cornelius' house.

976ACT114bfp5ἀρξάμενος ... Πέτρος ἐξετίθετο 1Peter started to explain

Peter did not criticize the Jewish believers but reacted in a friendly explanatory manner.

977ACT114nuy6καθεξῆς1in detail
978ACT115j37pὡς ὀθόνην μεγάλην 1like a large sheet

The container holding the animals had the appearance of a large square piece of cloth. See how you translated this in Acts 10:11.

979ACT115axu6τέσσαρσιν ἀρχαῖς 1by its four corners
980ACT116lbh4figs-explicitτετράποδα τῆς γῆς 1four-legged animals of earth
981ACT116ew64θηρία1wild beasts

This probably refer to the animals people do not or can not tame or control.

982ACT116t36iἑρπετὰ1creeping animals

These are reptiles.

983ACT117i5icfigs-synecdocheἤκουσα ... φωνῆς 1I heard a voice
984ACT118m4muμηδαμῶς1Not so
985ACT118m5p5figs-metonymyκοινὸν ἢ ἀκάθαρτον οὐδέποτε εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸ στόμα μου 1nothing unholy or unclean has ever entered into my mouth
986ACT118kj91ἀκάθαρτον1unclean
987ACT119n2gnfigs-metonymyἃ‘ ὁ Θεὸς ἐκαθάρισεν, σὺ μὴ κοίνου 1What God has declared clean, do not call unclean

This refers to the animals in the sheet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

988ACT1110xrq6τοῦτο ... ἐγένετο ἐπὶ τρίς 1This happened three times
989ACT1111ias8figs-exclusive0General Information:
990ACT1111b2qvἰδοὺ1Behold

This word alerts us to the new people in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this.

991ACT1111k44jἐξαυτῆς1right away
992ACT1111qwn5figs-activepassiveἀπεσταλμένοι1they had been sent
993ACT1112lf6mμηδὲν διακρίναντα 1that I should make no distinction regarding them
994ACT1112cf8xἦλθον ... σὺν ἐμοὶ ... οἱ ἓξ ἀδελφοὶ οὗτοι 1These six brothers went with me
995ACT1112xrc6οἱ ἓξ ἀδελφοὶ οὗτοι 1These six brothers
996ACT1112w6iaεἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ ἀνδρός 1into the man's house

This refers to the house of Cornelius.

997ACT1113few6Σίμωνα, τὸν ἐπικαλούμενον Πέτρον 1Simon who is called Peter
998ACT1114hpr2figs-metonymyπᾶς ὁ οἶκός σου 1all your household
999ACT1115qy12figs-inclusive0General Information:
1000ACT1115a8jwἐν ... τῷ ἄρξασθαί με λαλεῖν, ἐπέπεσεν τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον ἐπ’ αὐτοὺς 1As I began to speak to them, the Holy Spirit came on them

This implies that Peter had not finished speaking but had intended to say more.

1001ACT1115ak2pfigs-ellipsisἐπέπεσεν τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον ἐπ’ αὐτοὺς, ὥσπερ καὶ ἐφ’ ἡμᾶς ἐν ἀρχῇ 1the Holy Spirit came on them, just as on us in the beginning
1002ACT1115th4mἐν ἀρχῇ 1in the beginning

Peter is referring to the day of Pentecost.

1003ACT1116v116figs-activepassiveὑμεῖς ... βαπτισθήσεσθε ἐν Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ 1you shall be baptized in the Holy Spirit
1004ACT1117pe42figs-inclusive0General Information:
1005ACT1117e5760Connecting Statement:

Peter finishes his speech (which he began in Acts 11:4) to the Jews about his vision and about what had happened at the house of Cornelius.

1006ACT1117u3nufigs-rquestionεἰ οὖν τὴν ἴσην δωρεὰν ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς ὁ Θεὸς, ὡς καὶ ἡμῖν πιστεύσασιν ἐπὶ τὸν Κύριον Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν, ἐγὼ τίς ἤμην δυνατὸς κωλῦσαι τὸν Θεόν 1Then if God gave to them ... who was I, that I could oppose God?
1007ACT1117y7agτὴν ἴσην δωρεὰν 1the same gift

Peter refers to the gift of the Holy Spirit.

1008ACT1118nr7gἡσύχασαν1they said nothing in response
1009ACT1118z3fyfigs-abstractnounsκαὶ τοῖς ἔθνεσιν ὁ Θεὸς τὴν μετάνοιαν εἰς ζωὴν ἔδωκεν 1God has given repentance for life to the Gentiles also
1010ACT1119zck40Connecting Statement:

Luke tells about what happened to the believers who fled after the stoning of Stephen.

1011ACT1119bwb8writing-neweventοὖν1Now

This introduces the new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

1012ACT1119m3i7οἱ ... διασπαρέντες ἀπὸ τῆς θλίψεως τῆς γενομένης ἐπὶ Στεφάνῳ, διῆλθον 1those who had been scattered by the persecution that arose over Stephen spread

The Jews began persecuting Jesus' followers because Stephen had said and done things that the Jews did not like. Because of this persecution, many of Jesus' followers left Jerusalem and went to many different places.

1013ACT1119w5jnοἱ ... διῆλθον 1those ... spread
1014ACT1119whm6figs-activepassiveδιασπαρέντες ἀπὸ τῆς θλίψεως 1who had been scattered by the persecution
1015ACT1119vx4bτῆς θλίψεως τῆς γενομένης ἐπὶ Στεφάνῳ 1the persecution that arose over Stephen

the persecution that happened because of what Stephen had said and done

1016ACT1119c8haεἰ μὴ μόνον Ἰουδαίοις 1only to Jews

The believers thought God's message was for the Jewish people, and not for the Gentiles.

1017ACT1120mww9figs-explicitἐλάλουν καὶ πρὸς τοὺς Ἑλληνιστάς 1spoke also to Greeks
1018ACT1121aj5gfigs-metonymyἦν χεὶρ Κυρίου μετ’ αὐτῶν 1The hand of the Lord was with them
1019ACT1121n9pqfigs-metaphorἐπέστρεψεν ἐπὶ τὸν Κύριον 1turned to the Lord
1020ACT1122mrg90General Information:
1021ACT1122i7vsfigs-metonymyὦτα τῆς ἐκκλησίας 1ears of the church
1022ACT1123b7w7ἰδὼν τὴν χάριν τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1saw the grace of God
1023ACT1123m1q9παρεκάλει πάντας 1he encouraged them
1024ACT1123qlu4προσμένειν τῷ Κυρίῳ 1to remain with the Lord
1025ACT1123bz6wfigs-metonymyτῇ προθέσει τῆς καρδίας 1with all their heart
1026ACT1124he5zπλήρης Πνεύματος Ἁγίου 1full of the Holy Spirit

The Holy Spirit controlled Barnabas as he obeyed the Holy Spirit.

1027ACT1124e57tfigs-metonymyπροσετέθη ὄχλος ἱκανὸς τῷ Κυρίῳ 1many people were added to the Lord
1028ACT1125yhl60General Information:
1029ACT1125dm92ἐξῆλθεν ... εἰς Ταρσὸν 1out to Tarsus
1030ACT1126hu2gκαὶ εὑρὼν 1When he found him

It progably took some time and effort for Barnabas to locate Saul.

1031ACT1126wf5lwriting-neweventἐγένετο1It came about

This begins a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

1032ACT1126w4dzαὐτοῖς ... συναχθῆναι ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ 1they gathered together with the church
1033ACT1126x8gxfigs-activepassiveχρηματίσαι ... ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ τοὺς μαθητὰς, Χριστιανούς 1The disciples were called Christians
1034ACT1126r6slπρώτως ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ 1first in Antioch
1035ACT1127pz7ywriting-background0General Information:

Here Luke tells background information about a prophecy in Antioch. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1036ACT1127h6zwδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story-line.

1037ACT1127d8bbκατῆλθον ἀπὸ Ἱεροσολύμων ... εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν 1came down from Jerusalem to Antioch

Jerusalem was higher in elevation than Antioch, so it was normal for Israelites to speak of going up to Jerusalem or going down from it.

1038ACT1128wyk8ὀνόματι Ἅγαβος 1Agabus by name
1039ACT1128q3tlἐσήμανεν διὰ τοῦ Πνεύματος 1indicated by the Spirit
1040ACT1128l3izλιμὸν μεγάλην μέλλειν ἔσεσθαι 1a great famine would occur
1041ACT1128pd2tfigs-hyperboleἐφ’ ὅλην τὴν οἰκουμένην 1over all the world
1042ACT1128jmc5figs-explicitἐπὶ Κλαυδίου 1in the days of Claudius
1043ACT1129lhp80General Information:
1044ACT1129de92δὲ1So

This word means marks an event that happened because of something else that happened first. In this case, they sent money because of Agabus' prophesy or the famine.

1045ACT1129rk9zκαθὼς εὐπορεῖτό τις 1as each one was able

The richer people sent more; the poorer people sent less.

1046ACT1129up7aἐν τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ ἀδελφοῖς 1the brothers in Judea
1047ACT1130l8i8figs-idiomδιὰ χειρὸς Βαρναβᾶ καὶ Σαύλου 1by the hand of Barnabas and Saul
1048ACT12introf66j0
1049ACT121u4w7writing-background0General Information:

This is background information about Herod's killing James. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1050ACT121ua9p0Connecting Statement:

This begins the new persecution, first of James' death and then of Peter's imprisonment and then release.

1051ACT121ti1ywriting-neweventδὲ1Now

This begins a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

1052ACT121f2grκατ’ ἐκεῖνον ... τὸν καιρὸν 1about that time

This refers to the time of the famine.

1053ACT121zy6yfigs-idiomἐπέβαλεν ... τὰς χεῖρας ... τινας 1laid hands on
1054ACT121u1gvfigs-explicitτινας τῶν ἀπὸ τῆς ἐκκλησίας 1some who belonged to the church

Only James and Peter are specified, which implies that these were leaders of the church in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1055ACT121s7lcκακῶσαί1so that he might mistreat them
1056ACT122aw4tἈνεῖλεν ... Ἰάκωβον ... μαχαίρῃ 1He killed James ... with the sword

This tells the manner in which James was killed.

1057ACT122r1zvfigs-metonymyἀνεῖλεν ... Ἰάκωβον 1He killed James
1058ACT123pms70General Information:
1059ACT123v4agἰδὼν δὲ ὅτι ἀρεστόν ἐστιν τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις 1After he saw that this pleased the Jews
1060ACT123wpm1ρεστόν ἐστιν τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις 1pleased the Jews
1061ACT123cu7sὅτι ... ἐστιν 1That was
1062ACT123ly66ἡμέραι τῶν Ἀζύμων 1the days of unleavened bread
1063ACT124pps1τέσσαρσιν τετραδίοις στρατιωτῶν 1four squads of soldiers
1064ACT124i23aβουλόμενος ... ἀναγαγεῖν αὐτὸν τῷ λαῷ 1he was intending to bring him to the people
1065ACT125v2yzfigs-activepassiveὁ μὲν οὖν Πέτρος ἐτηρεῖτο ἐν τῇ φυλακῇ 1So Peter was kept in the prison
1066ACT125f8qcfigs-activepassiveπροσευχὴ ... ἦν ἐκτενῶς γινομένη ὑπὸ τῆς ἐκκλησίας πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν περὶ αὐτοῦ 1prayer was made earnestly to God for him by those in the church
1067ACT125g189ἐκτενῶς1earnestly

continuously and with dedication

1068ACT126km83figs-explicitἤμελλεν προαγαγεῖν αὐτὸν ὁ Ἡρῴδης τῇ νυκτὶ ἐκείνῃ 1On the night before Herod was going to bring him out for trial
1069ACT126g2bhδεδεμένος ἁλύσεσιν δυσίν 1bound with two chains
1070ACT126aqv1ἐτήρουν τὴν φυλακήν 1were keeping watch over the prison
1071ACT127kk4i0General Information:
1072ACT127i7g3ἰδοὺ1Behold

This word alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.

1073ACT127lu25ἐπέστη1stood by him
1074ACT127z2i1ἐν τῷ οἰκήματι 1in the prison cell
1075ACT127dc5bπατάξας ... τοῦ Πέτρου 1He struck Peter
1076ACT127dqn9ἐξέπεσαν αὐτοῦ αἱ ἁλύσεις ἐκ τῶν χειρῶν 1his chains fell off his hands

The angel caused the chains to fall from Peter without touching them.

1077ACT128hxt9ἐποίησεν ... οὕτως 1Peter did so
1078ACT129gx770General Information:
1079ACT129sh8kοὐκ ᾔδει 1He did not know
1080ACT129p9tyfigs-activepassiveἀληθές ἐστιν τὸ γινόμενον διὰ τοῦ ἀγγέλου 1what was done by the angel was real
1081ACT1210r7gyfigs-explicitδιελθόντες δὲ πρώτην φυλακὴν καὶ δευτέραν 1After they had passed by the first guard and the second
1082ACT1210c18qδιελθόντες1had passed by
1083ACT1210e36sfigs-ellipsisκαὶ δευτέραν 1and the second
1084ACT1210y86kἦλθαν ἐπὶ τὴν πύλην τὴν σιδηρᾶν 1they came to the iron gate
1085ACT1210if3cτὴν φέρουσαν εἰς τὴν πόλιν 1that led into the city
1086ACT1210i3stfigs-rpronounsἥτις αὐτομάτη ἠνοίγη αὐτοῖς 1it opened for them by itself
1087ACT1210j268προῆλθον ῥύμην μίαν 1went down a street
1088ACT1210fl89εὐθέως ἀπέστη ... ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ 1left him right away
1089ACT1211wlb6figs-idiomκαὶ ὁ Πέτρος ἐν ἑαυτῷ γενόμενος 1When Peter came to himself
1090ACT1211ue4kfigs-metonymyἐξείλατό με ἐκ χειρὸς Ἡρῴδου 1delivered me out of the hand of Herod
1091ACT1211hw63ἐξείλατό με 1delivered me
1092ACT1211p739figs-synecdocheπάσης τῆς προσδοκίας τοῦ λαοῦ τῶν Ἰουδαίων 1everything the Jewish people were expecting
1093ACT1212tfh3συνιδών1realized this

He became aware that God had rescued him.

1094ACT1212ux4vfigs-activepassiveἸωάννου, τοῦ ἐπικαλουμένου Μάρκου 1John, also called Mark
1095ACT1213x5fg0General Information:
1096ACT1213pfn7κρούσαντος ... αὐτοῦ 1he knocked
1097ACT1213c634τὴν θύραν τοῦ πυλῶνος 1at the door of the gate
1098ACT1213khq1προσῆλθε ... ὑπακοῦσαι 1came to answer
1099ACT1214y2ffἀπὸ τῆς χαρᾶς 1out of joy
1100ACT1214m3m7οὐκ ἤνοιξεν τὸν πυλῶνα 1failed to open the door
1101ACT1214ky3pεἰσδραμοῦσα1came running into the room
1102ACT1214yq3rἀπήγγειλεν1she reported
1103ACT1214a19kἑστάναι ... πρὸ τοῦ πυλῶνος 1standing at the door
1104ACT1215ybz7μαίνῃ1You are insane
1105ACT1215xnm2ἡ ... διϊσχυρίζετο οὕτως ἔχειν 1she insisted that it was so
1106ACT1215en8bοἱ ... ἔλεγον 1They said
1107ACT1215qa8mὁ ἄγγελός ἐστιν αὐτοῦ 1It is his angel
1108ACT1216wwg10General Information:
1109ACT1216bi6lὁ δὲ Πέτρος ἐπέμενεν κρούων 1But Peter continued knocking
1110ACT1217jx1aἀπαγγείλατε ... ταῦτα 1Report these things
1111ACT1217jf16τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς 1the brothers
1112ACT1218blx50General Information:
1113ACT1218ail9δὲ1Now

This word is used to mark a break in the story-line. Time has passed; it is now the next day.

1114ACT1218iqv4γενομένης ... ἡμέρας 1when it became day
1115ACT1218zl7ifigs-litotesἦν τάραχος οὐκ ὀλίγος ἐν τοῖς στρατιώταις, τί ἄρα ὁ Πέτρος ἐγένετο 1there was no small disturbance among the soldiers over what had happened to Peter
1116ACT1218ilz4figs-abstractnounsἦν τάραχος οὐκ ὀλίγος ἐν τοῖς στρατιώταις, τί ἄρα ὁ Πέτρος ἐγένετο 1there was no small disturbance among the soldiers over what had happened to Peter
1117ACT1219twr1Ἡρῴδης δὲ ἐπιζητήσας αὐτὸν καὶ μὴ εὑρὼν 1After Herod had searched for him and could not find him
1118ACT1219pz6vἩρῴδης δὲ ἐπιζητήσας αὐτὸν 1After Herod had searched for him
1119ACT1219c69iἀνακρίνας τοὺς φύλακας, ἐκέλευσεν ἀπαχθῆναι 1he questioned the guards and ordered them to be put to death

It was the normal punishment for the Roman government to kill the guards if their prisoner escaped.

1120ACT1219br16καὶ κατελθὼν 1Then he went down
1121ACT1220n2lw0Connecting Statement:

Luke continues with another event in Herod's life.

1122ACT1220aip7writing-neweventδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark the next event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

1123ACT1220gxs4figs-hyperboleὁμοθυμαδὸν ... παρῆσαν πρὸς αὐτόν 1They went to him together
1124ACT1220t6miπείσαντες Βλάστον 1They persuaded Blastus
1125ACT1220qsg4translate-namesΒλάστον1Blastus

Blastus was an assistant to or an officer of King Herod. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1126ACT1220l5r1ᾐτοῦντο εἰρήνην 1they asked for peace
1127ACT1220j253figs-explicitτὸ τρέφεσθαι αὐτῶν τὴν χώραν ἀπὸ τῆς βασιλικῆς 1their country received its food from the king's country
1128ACT1220dy51figs-explicitτὸ τρέφεσθαι αὐτῶν 1received its food

It is implied that Herod restricted this supply of food because he was angry with the people of Tyre and Sidon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1129ACT1221e3w9τακτῇ ... ἡμέρᾳ 1On a set day
1130ACT1221kv7gἐσθῆτα βασιλικὴν 1royal clothing

expensive clothing that would demonstrate he was the king

1131ACT1221g6irκαθίσας ἐπὶ τοῦ βήματο 1sat on a throne

This was where Herod formally addressed people who came to see him.

1132ACT1222ze1s0Connecting Statement:

This is the end of the part of the story about Herod.

1133ACT1223b4bcπαραχρῆμα ... ἄγγελος 1Immediately an angel
1134ACT1223b5s9ἐπάταξεν αὐτὸν 1struck him
1135ACT1223iw57οὐκ ἔδωκεν τὴν δόξαν τῷ Θεῷ 1he did not give God the glory

Herod let those people worship him instead of telling them to worship God.

1136ACT1223d419figs-activepassiveγενόμενος σκωληκόβρωτος, ἐξέψυξεν 1he was eaten by worms and died
1137ACT1224j2unwriting-endofstory0

Verse 24 continues the history from verse 23. Verse 25 continues the history from 11:30. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])

1138ACT1224m1swfigs-metaphorὁ ... λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ ηὔξανεν καὶ ἐπληθύνετο 1the word of God increased and multiplied
1139ACT1224wn8mὁ ... λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ 1the word of God
1140ACT1225pv6afigs-explicitπληρώσαντες τὴν διακονίαν 1completed their mission
1141ACT1225t7d8figs-explicitὑπέστρεψαν εἰς Ἰερουσαλὴμ 1they returned from Jerusalem
1142ACT13introrlh60

Acts 13 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this with the three quotes from Psalms in 13:33-35.

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry that is quoted from the Old Testament in 13:41.

The chapter is where the second half of the Book of Acts begins. Luke writes more about Paul than about Peter, and it describes how it is the Gentiles and not the Jews to whom the believers tell the message about Jesus.

Special concepts in this chapter

A light for the Gentiles

The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases God, as if they were walking around in darkness. It speaks of light as if it were what enables those sinful people to become righteous, to understand what they are doing wrong and begin to obey God. The Jews considered all Gentiles as walking in darkness, but Paul and Barnabas spoke of telling the Gentiles about Jesus as if they were going to bring them physical light. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])

1143ACT131ce7swriting-background0General Information:
1144ACT131qa2i0Connecting Statement:

Luke begins to tell about the mission trips on which the church at Antioch send Barnabas and Saul.

1145ACT131rej8δὲ ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ κατὰ τὴν οὖσαν ἐκκλησίαν 1Now in the church in Antioch
1146ACT131srw6translate-namesΣυμεὼν ... Νίγερ ... Λούκιος ... Μαναήν 1Simeon ... Niger ... Lucius ... Manaen

These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1147ACT131u48cἩρῴδου τοῦ τετράρχου σύντροφος 1foster brother of Herod the tetrarch

Manaen was probably Herod's playmate or close friend growing up.

1148ACT132ifb9ἀφορίσατε ... μο 1Set apart for me
1149ACT132j6ymπροσκέκλημαι αὐτούς 1I have called them

The verb here means that God chose them to do this work.

1150ACT133ku45translate-symactionἐπιθέντες τὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῖς 1laid their hands on these men
1151ACT133p1usἀπέλυσαν1sent them off
1152ACT134br2m0General Information:
1153ACT134mt3hοὖν1So

This word marks an event that happened because of a previous event. In this case, the previous event is Barnabas and Saul being set apart by the Holy Spirit.

1154ACT134iyh8κατῆλθον1went down
1155ACT134d1q5Σελεύκιαν1Seleucia

a city by the sea

1156ACT135at85Σαλαμῖνι1city of Salamis

The city of Salamis was on Cyprus Island.

1157ACT135ct8bfigs-synecdocheκατήγγελλον τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1proclaimed the word of God
1158ACT135p5t3συναγωγαῖς τῶν Ἰουδαίων 1synagogues of the Jews
1159ACT135sxw6εἶχον δὲ καὶ Ἰωάννην, ὑπηρέτην 1They also had John Mark as their assistant
1160ACT135ukx2ὑπηρέτην1assistant

helper

1161ACT136h9he0General Information:
1162ACT136ja1iὅλην τὴν νῆσον 1the whole island

They crossed from one side of the island to the other and shared the gospel message in each town they passed through.

1163ACT136cl2zΠάφου1Paphos

a major city on Cyprus island where the proconsul lived

1164ACT136zf3bεὗρον1they found
1165ACT136xe7hἄνδρα, τινὰ μάγον 1a certain magician
1166ACT136ak38translate-namesᾧ ὄνομα Βαριησοῦς 1whose name was Bar Jesus
1167ACT137bee2σὺν1associated with
1168ACT137s1suἀνθυπάτῳ1proconsul
1169ACT137h5xxwriting-backgroundἀνδρὶ συνετῷ 1who was an intelligent man

This is background information about Sergius Paulus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1170ACT138lp2utranslate-namesἘλύμας ὁ μάγος 1
1171ACT138qw4jοὕτως ... μεθερμηνεύεται τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ 1that is how his name is translated
1172ACT138n23sἀνθίστατο ... αὐτοῖς ... ζητῶν διαστρέψαι 1opposed them; he tried to turn
1173ACT138w2xtfigs-metaphorζητῶν διαστρέψαι τὸν ἀνθύπατον ἀπὸ τῆς πίστεως 1tried to turn the proconsul away from the faith
1174ACT139gws20General Information:
1175ACT139nau10Connecting Statement:

While on the island of Paphos, Paul begins to talk to Elymas.

1176ACT139ey6dfigs-activepassiveΣαῦλος ... ὁ καὶ Παῦλος 1Saul, who is also called Paul
1177ACT139xjy9ἀτενίσας εἰς αὐτὸν 1stared at him intensely
1178ACT1310d2pkfigs-metonymyυἱὲ διαβόλου 1You son of the devil
1179ACT1310r8x2ὦ πλήρης παντὸς δόλου καὶ πάσης ῥᾳδιουργίας 1you are full of all kinds of deceit and wickedness
1180ACT1310pyu7ῥᾳδιουργίας1wickedness

In this context it means to be lazy and not diligent in following God's law.

1181ACT1310hlq9ἐχθρὲ πάσης δικαιοσύνης 1You are an enemy of every kind of righteousness

Paul is grouping Elymas with the devil. Just as the devil is an enemy of God and is against righteousness, so also was Elymas.

1182ACT1310bc9pfigs-rquestionοὐ παύσῃ διαστρέφων τὰς ὁδοὺς τοῦ Κυρίου τὰς εὐθείας 1You will never stop twisting the straight paths of the Lord, will you?
1183ACT1310p8safigs-idiomτὰς ὁδοὺς τοῦ Κυρίου τὰς εὐθείας 1the straight paths of the Lord
1184ACT1311k51g0General Information:
1185ACT1311pey70Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes speaking to Elymas.

1186ACT1311xul9figs-metonymyχεὶρ Κυρίου ἐπὶ σέ 1the hand of the Lord is upon you
1187ACT1311rse8figs-activepassiveἔσῃ τυφλὸς 1you will become blind
1188ACT1311w3ghμὴ βλέπων τὸν ἥλιον 1You will not see the sun
1189ACT1311b5b8ἄχρι καιροῦ 1for a while
1190ACT1311t7j1ἔπεσεν ἐπ’ αὐτὸν ἀχλὺς καὶ σκότος 1there fell on Elymas a mist and darkness
1191ACT1311a7esπεριάγων1he started going around
1192ACT1312x9flἀνθύπατος1proconsul
1193ACT1312pyh7ἐπίστευσεν1he believed
1194ACT1312twa8figs-activepassiveἐκπλησσόμενος ἐπὶ τῇ διδαχῇ τοῦ Κυρίου 1he was astonished at the teaching about the Lord
1195ACT1313i65twriting-background0General Information:
1196ACT1313rk3k0Connecting Statement:

This is a new part of the story about Paul in Antioch in Pisidia.

1197ACT1313r9hiδὲ1Now

This marks the beginning of a new part of the story.

1198ACT1313k4s9ἀναχθέντες ... ἀπὸ τῆς Πάφου 1set sail from Paphos
1199ACT1313h1cbἦλθον εἰς Πέργην τῆς Παμφυλίας 1came to Perga in Pamphylia
1200ACT1313g6l5Ἰωάννης δὲ ἀποχωρήσας ἀπ’ αὐτῶν 1But John left them
1201ACT1314vrp1Ἀντιόχειαν τὴν Πισιδίαν 1Antioch of Pisidia
1202ACT1315dnb4figs-synecdocheμετὰ δὲ τὴν ἀνάγνωσιν τοῦ νόμου καὶ τῶν προφητῶν 1After the reading of the law and the prophets
1203ACT1315z7bhἀπέστειλαν ... πρὸς αὐτοὺς λέγοντες 1sent them a message, saying
1204ACT1315td4hἀδελφοί1Brothers
1205ACT1315jru8εἴ τίς ἐστιν ἐν ὑμῖν λόγος παρακλήσεως 1if you have any message of encouragement
1206ACT1315kj1hλέγετε1say it
1207ACT1316tbc4figs-inclusive0General Information:
1208ACT1316p93q0Connecting Statement:

Paul begins his speech to those in the synagogue in Pisidian Antioch. He begins by talking about things that happened in Israel's history.

1209ACT1316i8pztranslate-symactionκατασείσας τῇ χειρὶ 1motioned with his hand
1210ACT1316rh93οἱ φοβούμενοι τὸν Θεόν 1you who honor God
1211ACT1316ah55τὸν Θεόν, ἀκούσατε 1God, listen
1212ACT1317se2bὁ Θεὸς τοῦ λαοῦ τούτου Ἰσραὴλ 1The God of this people Israel
1213ACT1317l9cnτοὺς πατέρας ἡμῶν 1our fathers
1214ACT1317aaj5τὸν λαὸν ὕψωσεν 1made the people numerous
1215ACT1317vw4zfigs-metonymyμετὰ βραχίονος ὑψηλοῦ 1with an uplifted arm
1216ACT1317b74tἐξ αὐτῆς 1out of it
1217ACT1318zv9eἐτροποφόρησεν αὐτοὺς 1he put up with them
1218ACT1319nvp7figs-inclusive0General Information:
1219ACT1319h5qgἔθνη1nations
1220ACT1320m4jdὡς ἔτεσι τετρακοσίοις καὶ πεντήκοντα 1took place over four hundred and fifty years
1221ACT1320qmc8ἕως Σαμουὴλ προφήτου 1until Samuel the prophet
1222ACT1321akg60General Information:

The quotation here is from the history of Samuel and from a Psalm of Ethan in the Old Testament.

1223ACT1321yxi8ἔτη τεσσεράκοντα 1for forty years
1224ACT1322z4x3μεταστήσας αὐτὸν 1removed him from the kingship
1225ACT1322bsp6ἤγειρεν τὸν Δαυεὶδ αὐτοῖς εἰς βασιλέα 1he raised up David to be their king
1226ACT1322iyd6βασιλέα1their king
1227ACT1322sw2rᾧ ... εἶπεν 1It was about David that God said
1228ACT1322dbu5εὗρον1I have found
1229ACT1322mp53figs-idiomἄνδρα κατὰ τὴν καρδίαν μου 1to be a man after my heart
1230ACT1323lby60General Information:

The quotation here is from the Gospels.

1231ACT1323xj5aτούτου ... ἀπὸ τοῦ σπέρματος 1From this man's descendants
1232ACT1323kc76figs-metonymyἤγαγεν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ 1brought to Israel
1233ACT1323mk5gκατ’ ἐπαγγελίαν 1as he promised to do
1234ACT1324x892figs-abstractnounsβάπτισμα μετανοίας 1the baptism of repentance
1235ACT1325vww3figs-rquestionτί‘ ἐμὲ ὑπονοεῖτε εἶναι 1Who do you think I am?
1236ACT1325rp32figs-explicitοὐκ εἰμὶ ἐγώ 1I am not the one
1237ACT1325nnl5ἀλλ’ ἰδοὺ 1But listen

This emphasizes the importance of what he will say next.

1238ACT1325r1plfigs-explicitἔρχεται μετ’ ἐμὲ 1one is coming after me
1239ACT1325gys2οὗ οὐκ εἰμὶ ἄξιος τὸ ὑπόδημα τῶν ποδῶν λῦσαι 1the shoes of whose feet I am not worthy to untie
1240ACT1326jdp6figs-inclusive0General Information:
1241ACT1326kci9ἀδελφοί, υἱοὶ γένους Ἀβραὰμ, καὶ οἱ ἐν ὑμῖν φοβούμενοι τὸν Θεό 1Brothers, children of the line of Abraham ... who worship God

Paul addresses his audience of Jews and Gentile converts to Judaism to remind them of their special status as worshiping the true God.

1242ACT1326u6znfigs-activepassiveὁ λόγος τῆς σωτηρίας ταύτης ἐξαπεστάλη 1the message about this salvation has been sent
1243ACT1326v6r3figs-abstractnounsτῆς σωτηρίας ταύτης 1about this salvation
1244ACT1327psk5τοῦτον ἀγνοήσαντες 1did not recognize him
1245ACT1327ri1ffigs-metonymyτὰς φωνὰς τῶν προφητῶν 1sayings of the prophets
1246ACT1327m4tzfigs-activepassiveτὰς ... ἀναγινωσκομένας 1that are read
1247ACT1327rle6τὰς φωνὰς τῶν προφητῶν ... ἐπλήρωσαν 1they fulfilled sayings of the prophets
1248ACT1328v3hw0General Information:
1249ACT1328y9j6μηδεμίαν αἰτίαν θανάτου εὑρόντες 1they found no reason for death
1250ACT1328d4xmᾐτήσαντο Πειλᾶτον 1they asked Pilate
1251ACT1329sq1jὡς δὲ ἐτέλεσαν πάντα τὰ περὶ αὐτοῦ γεγραμμένα 1When they had completed all the things that were written about him
1252ACT1329m5f1figs-explicitκαθελόντες ἀπὸ τοῦ ξύλου 1they took him down from the tree
1253ACT1329vwt4figs-explicitἀπὸ τοῦ ξύλου 1from the tree
1254ACT1330h5jwὁ δὲ Θεὸς ἤγειρεν αὐτὸν 1But God raised him
1255ACT1330mqx8ἤγειρεν αὐτὸν ἐκ νεκρῶν 1raised him from the dead
1256ACT1330zsx4figs-idiomἤγειρεν αὐτὸν 1raised him
1257ACT1330d14pἐκ νεκρῶν 1from the dead

From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To raise someone from among them speaks of making that person alive again.

1258ACT1331ig7wfigs-activepassiveὃς ὤφθη ἐπὶ ἡμέρας πλείους τοῖς συναναβᾶσιν αὐτῷ ἀπὸ τῆς Γαλιλαίας εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ 1He was seen ... Galilee to Jerusalem
1259ACT1331g4vlἡμέρας πλείους 1many days
1260ACT1331vqj4νῦν εἰσιν μάρτυρες αὐτοῦ πρὸς τὸν λαόν 1are now his witnesses to the people
1261ACT1332ipb90General Information:

The second quotation here is from the prophet Isaiah.

1262ACT1332y273καὶ1So

This word marks an event that happened because of previous event. In this case, the previous event is God's raising Jesus from the dead.

1263ACT1332hr2gτοὺς πατέρας 1our fathers
1264ACT1333b1uhtranslate:translate_versebridgeἐκπεπλήρωκεν τοῖς τέκνοις ἡμῶν, ἀναστήσας 1he has fulfilled for us, their children, by
1265ACT1333dy6wτοῖς τέκνοις ἡμῶν 1for us, their children
1266ACT1333d95nfigs-idiomἀναστήσας Ἰησοῦν 1by raising up Jesus
1267ACT1333y3tzὡς ... ἐν τῷ ψαλμῷ γέγραπται τῷ δευτέρῳ 1As it is written in the second Psalm
1268ACT1333h9irτῷ ψαλμῷ ... τῷ δευτέρῳ 1the second Psalm
1269ACT1333tla1guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΥἱός‘ ... γεγέννηκά σε 1Son ... Father

These are important titles that describe the relationship between Jesus and God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

1270ACT1334iy5qὅτι δὲ ἀνέστησεν αὐτὸν ἐκ νεκρῶν, μηκέτι μέλλοντα ὑποστρέφειν εἰς διαφθοράν, οὕτως εἴρηκεν 1The fact that he raised him up from the dead so that his body would never decay, God has spoken in this way
1271ACT1334h3njἐκ νεκρῶν 1from the dead

From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To come back from among them speaks of becoming alive again.

1272ACT1334q3kqτὰ ὅσια ... τὰ πιστά 1sure blessings
1273ACT1335r1evfigs-explicitδιότι καὶ ἐν ἑτέρῳ λέγει 1This is why he also says in another Psalm
1274ACT1335gl8sκαὶ ... λέγει 1he also says
1275ACT1335hvt8figs-metonymyοὐ‘ δώσεις τὸν Ὅσιόν σου ἰδεῖν διαφθοράν 1You will not allow your Holy One to see decay
1276ACT1335ry97οὐ‘ δώσεις 1You will not allow

David is speaking to God here.

1277ACT1336u8vhἰδίᾳ γενεᾷ 1in his own generation
1278ACT1336m5wxὑπηρετήσας τῇ τοῦ Θεοῦ βουλῇ 1served the desires of God
1279ACT1336rpb4figs-euphemismἐκοιμήθη1he fell asleep
1280ACT1336nwy9προσετέθη πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας αὐτοῦ 1was laid with his fathers
1281ACT1336la5sfigs-metonymyεἶδεν διαφθοράν 1experienced decay
1282ACT1337bmw3ὃν δὲ 1But he whom
1283ACT1337n9plfigs-idiomὁ Θεὸς ἤγειρεν 1God raised up
1284ACT1337j52xfigs-metonymyοὐκ εἶδεν διαφθοράν 1experienced no decay
1285ACT1338ki8q0General Information:
1286ACT1338yg35γνωστὸν ... ἔστω ὑμῖν 1let it be known to you
1287ACT1338qy18ἀδελφοί1brothers
1288ACT1338t3i5figs-activepassiveὅτι διὰ τούτου, ὑμῖν ἄφεσις ἁμαρτιῶν καταγγέλλεται 1that through this man is proclaimed to you forgiveness of sins
1289ACT1338w7y1figs-abstractnounsἄφεσις ἁμαρτιῶν 1forgiveness of sins
1290ACT1339j6rrἐν τούτῳ πᾶς ὁ πιστεύων 1By him every one who believes
1291ACT1339g5h9figs-activepassiveἐν τούτῳ πᾶς ὁ πιστεύων δικαιοῦται 1By him every one who believes is justified
1292ACT1340kk1j0General Information:
1293ACT1340zx6p0Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes his speech in the synagogue in Pisidian Antioch, which he began in Acts 13:16.

1294ACT1340y2kgfigs-explicitβλέπετε1be careful
1295ACT1340tt1xτὸ εἰρημένον ἐν τοῖς προφήταις 1that the thing the prophets spoke about
1296ACT1341tqk5ἴδετε‘, οἱ καταφρονηταί 1Look, you despisers
1297ACT1341ky3sθαυμάσατε1be astonished
1298ACT1341ilh2καὶ ἀφανίσθητε 1then perish
1299ACT1341dvn1ἔργον ἐργάζομαι 1am doing a work
1300ACT1341nm2qἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ὑμῶν 1in your days
1301ACT1341w6tqἔργον ὃ 1A work that
1302ACT1341p4c2ἐάν τις ἐκδιηγῆται ὑμῖν 1even if someone announces it to you
1303ACT1342ax8vἐξιόντων δὲ 1As Paul and Barnabas left
1304ACT1342f3swπαρεκάλουν1begged
1305ACT1342y4p9figs-metonymyτὰ ῥήματα ταῦτα 1these same words
1306ACT1343a58zλυθείσης δὲ τῆς συναγωγῆς 1When the synagogue meeting ended
1307ACT1343sws7προσηλύτων1proselytes

These were non-Jewish people who converted to Judaism.

1308ACT1343q2ajοἵτινες προσλαλοῦντες αὐτοῖς, ἔπειθον αὐτοὺς 1who spoke to them and urged them
1309ACT1343fv15figs-explicitπροσμένειν τῇ χάριτι τοῦ Θεοῦ 1to continue in the grace of God
1310ACT1344m1290General Information:
1311ACT1344vq3yfigs-metonymyσχεδὸν πᾶσα ἡ πόλις 1almost the whole city
1312ACT1344yga7figs-explicitἀκοῦσαι τὸν λόγον τοῦ Κυρίου 1to hear the word of the Lord
1313ACT1345j4zqfigs-synecdocheοἱ Ἰουδαῖοι 1the Jews
1314ACT1345qrh2figs-metaphorἐπλήσθησαν ζήλου 1filled with jealousy
1315ACT1345nc5lἀντέλεγον1spoke against
1316ACT1345m1anfigs-activepassiveτοῖς ὑπὸ Παύλου λαλουμένοις 1the things that were said by Paul
1317ACT1346zvt5figs-exclusive0General Information:
1318ACT1346as6qfigs-explicitἦν ἀναγκαῖον 1It was necessary
1319ACT1346jn55figs-activepassiveὑμῖν ... ἀναγκαῖον πρῶτον λαληθῆναι τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1that the word of God should first be spoken to you
1320ACT1346lly5figs-metaphorἐπειδὴ ἀπωθεῖσθε αὐτὸν 1Seeing you push it away from yourselves
1321ACT1346ms36οὐκ ἀξίους κρίνετε ἑαυτοὺς τῆς αἰωνίου ζωῆς 1consider yourselves unworthy of eternal life
1322ACT1346rf9kfigs-explicitστρεφόμεθα εἰς τὰ ἔθνη 1we will turn to the Gentiles
1323ACT1347v8aufigs-metaphorεἰς φῶς 1as a light

Here the truth about Jesus that Paul was preaching is spoken of as if it were a light that allowed people to see. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1324ACT1347t5spfigs-abstractnounsεἰς σωτηρίαν ἕως ἐσχάτου τῆς γῆς 1bring salvation to the uttermost parts of the earth
1325ACT1348e9agfigs-metonymyἐδόξαζον τὸν λόγον τοῦ Κυρίου 1praised the word of the Lord
1326ACT1348jct2figs-activepassiveὅσοι ἦσαν τεταγμένοι εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον 1As many as were appointed to eternal life
1327ACT1349qh9zfigs-metonymyδιεφέρετο ... ὁ λόγος τοῦ Κυρίου δι’ ὅλης τῆς χώρας 1The word of the Lord was spread out through the whole region
1328ACT1350eqi50General Information:
1329ACT1350t4bv0Connecting Statement:

This ends Paul and Barnabas' time in Antioch of Pisidia and they go to Iconium.

1330ACT1350u8rmfigs-synecdocheοἱ ... Ἰουδαῖοι 1the Jews
1331ACT1350cf21παρώτρυναν1urged on
1332ACT1350wmm5τοὺς πρώτους 1the leading men
1333ACT1350n7qeἐπήγειραν διωγμὸν ἐπὶ τὸν Παῦλον καὶ Βαρναβᾶν 1These stirred up a persecution against Paul and Barnabas
1334ACT1350cq9hἐξέβαλον αὐτοὺς ἀπὸ τῶν ὁρίων αὐτῶν 1threw them out beyond the border of their city
1335ACT1351xi1zwriting-symlanguageἐκτιναξάμενοι τὸν κονιορτὸν τῶν ποδῶν ἐπ’ αὐτοὺς 1shook off the dust from their feet against them

This was a symbolic act to indicate to the unbelieving people that God had rejected them and would punish them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])

1336ACT1352dp5kοἵ ... μαθηταὶ 1the disciples

This probably refers to the new believers in the Antioch of Pisidia that Paul and Silas just left.

1337ACT14introrsg20
1338ACT141vh8u0General Information:

The story of Paul and Barnabas in Iconium continues.

1339ACT141hk1zἐγένετο δὲ, ἐν Ἰκονίῳ 1It came about in Iconium that
1340ACT141f4sqfigs-explicitλαλῆσαι οὕτως 1spoke in such a way
1341ACT142wc4xοἱ ... ἀπειθήσαντες Ἰουδαῖοι 1the Jews who were disobedient

This refers to a portion of the Jews who did not believe the message about Jesus.

1342ACT142n2ppfigs-metaphorἐπήγειραν ... τὰς ψυχὰς τῶν ἐθνῶν 1stirred up the minds of the Gentiles

Causing the Gentiles to become angry is spoken of as if calm waters were disturbed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1343ACT142k8mvfigs-synecdocheτὰς ψυχὰς 1the minds
1344ACT142fu13τῶν ἀδελφῶν 1the brothers
1345ACT143lp4v0General Information:
1346ACT143a3gpμὲν οὖν ... διέτριψαν 1So they stayed there
1347ACT143f2xhτῷ μαρτυροῦντι τῷ λόγῳ τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ 1gave evidence about the message of his grace
1348ACT143wcn5τῷ λόγῳ τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ 1about the message of his grace
1349ACT143c2cvfigs-activepassiveδιδόντι σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα γίνεσθαι διὰ τῶν χειρῶν αὐτῶν 1by granting signs and wonders to be done by the hands of Paul and Barnabas
1350ACT143p9iqfigs-synecdocheδιὰ τῶν χειρῶν αὐτῶν 1by the hands of Paul and Barnabas
1351ACT144btu3figs-metonymyἐσχίσθη ... τὸ πλῆθος τῆς πόλεως 1the majority of the city was divided
1352ACT144smz5ἦσαν σὺν τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις 1sided with the Jews
1353ACT144q1xcfigs-ellipsisσὺν τοῖς ἀποστόλοις 1with the apostles
1354ACT144mw9hτοῖς ἀποστόλοις 1the apostles
1355ACT145s5h70General Information:
1356ACT145yiv9ἐγένετο ὁρμὴ ... τοῖς ἄρχουσιν αὐτῶν 1attempted to persuade their leaders
1357ACT145q6g2ὑβρίσαι καὶ λιθοβολῆσαι αὐτούς 1to mistreat and stone Paul and Barnabas
1358ACT146tpl1translate-namesτῆς Λυκαονίας 1Lycaonia

A district in Asia Minor (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1359ACT146m5gvtranslate-namesΛύστραν1Lystra

A city in Asia Minor south of Iconium and north of Derbe (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1360ACT146tl4qtranslate-namesΔέρβην1Derbe

A city in Asia Minor south of Iconium and Lystra (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1361ACT147z5ndκἀκεῖ εὐαγγελιζόμενοι ἦσαν 1where they continued to proclaim the gospel
1362ACT148ep460General Information:
1363ACT148l5pu0Connecting Statement:

Paul and Barnabas are now in Lystra.

1364ACT148wb5kwriting-participantsτις ἀνὴρ ... ἐκάθητο 1a certain man sat

This introduces a new person in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

1365ACT148kz7dἀδύνατος ... τοῖς ποσὶν 1powerless in his feet
1366ACT148tca1χωλὸς ἐκ κοιλίας μητρὸς αὐτοῦ 1a cripple from his mother's womb
1367ACT148hw4lχωλὸς1cripple

person who cannot walk

1368ACT149di49ὃς ἀτενίσας αὐτῷ 1Paul fixed his eyes on him
1369ACT149xak4figs-abstractnounsἔχει πίστιν τοῦ σωθῆναι 1had faith to be made well
1370ACT1410v1kzἥλατο1jumped up
1371ACT1411axe6ὃ ἐποίησεν Παῦλος 1what Paul had done

This refers to Paul's healing the crippled man.

1372ACT1411lvs9ἐπῆραν τὴν φωνὴν αὐτῶν 1they raised their voice
1373ACT1411d1gzfigs-explicitοἱ θεοὶ ... κατέβησαν πρὸς ἡμᾶς 1The gods have come down to us
1374ACT1411x3biΛυκαονιστὶ1in the dialect of Lycaonia
1375ACT1411rm85ὁμοιωθέντες ἀνθρώποις 1in the form of men

These people believed that the gods needed to change their appearance in order to look like men.

1376ACT1412t7uutranslate-namesΔία1Zeus

Zeus was the king over all the other pagan gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1377ACT1412hh25translate-namesἙρμῆν1Hermes

Hermes was the pagan god who brought messages to people from Zeus and the other gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1378ACT1413iz6rfigs-explicitὅ τε ἱερεὺς τοῦ Διὸς, τοῦ ὄντος πρὸ τῆς πόλεως ... ἐνέγκας 1The priest of Zeus, whose temple was just outside the city, brought
1379ACT1413v2a9ταύρους καὶ στέμματα 1oxen and wreaths

The oxen were to be sacrificed. The wreaths were either to crown Paul and Barnabas, or put on the oxen for sacrifice.

1380ACT1413iha1ἐπὶ τοὺς πυλῶνας 1to the gates

The gates of the cities were often used as a meeting place for the people of the city.

1381ACT1413ud37ἤθελεν θύειν 1wanted to offer sacrifice
1382ACT1414kt1fοἱ ἀπόστολοι Βαρναβᾶς καὶ Παῦλος 1the apostles, Barnabas and Paul
1383ACT1414kx43διαρρήξαντες τὰ ἱμάτια ἑαυτῶν 1they tore their clothing

This was a symbolic action to show that they were deeply distressed and upset that the crowd wanted to sacrifice to them.

1384ACT1415w4fdfigs-rquestionἄνδρες, τί ταῦτα ποιεῖτε 1Men, why are you doing these things?
1385ACT1415f8vcταῦτα ποιεῖτε 1doing these things
1386ACT1415u9pqκαὶ ἡμεῖς ὁμοιοπαθεῖς ἐσμεν ὑμῖν ἄνθρωποι 1We also are human beings with the same feelings as you
1387ACT1415n9e4ὁμοιοπαθεῖς ... ὑμῖν 1with the same feelings as you
1388ACT1415n98gfigs-metaphorἀπὸ τούτων τῶν ματαίων ἐπιστρέφειν ἐπὶ Θεὸν ζῶντα 1turn from these useless things to a living God
1389ACT1415qr5bΘεὸν ζῶντα 1a living God
1390ACT1416s2rnἐν ταῖς παρῳχημέναις γενεαῖς 1In the past ages
1391ACT1416vpt5figs-metaphorπορεύεσθαι ταῖς ὁδοῖς αὐτῶν 1to walk in their own ways
1392ACT1417fw2s0Connecting Statement:

Paul and Barnabas continue speaking to the crowd outside the city of Lystra (Acts 14:8).

1393ACT1417kig8figs-litotesοὐκ ἀμάρτυρον αὑτὸν ἀφῆκεν 1he did not leave himself without witness
1394ACT1417s3qnἀγαθουργῶν1in that he did good
1395ACT1417ps9zfigs-metonymyἐμπιπλῶν τροφῆς καὶ εὐφροσύνης τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν 1filling your hearts with food and gladness
1396ACT1418ut73μόλις κατέπαυσαν τοὺς ὄχλους τοῦ μὴ θύειν αὐτοῖς 1Paul and Barnabas barely kept the multitudes from sacrificing to them

Paul and Barnabas stopped the multitude from sacrificing to them, but it was difficult to do so.

1397ACT1418la43μόλις κατέπαυσαν 1barely kept
1398ACT1419bz7k0General Information:
1399ACT1419wmc2figs-explicitπείσαντες τοὺς ὄχλους 1persuaded the crowds
1400ACT1419xbv3τοὺς ὄχλους 1the crowds
1401ACT1419t8mgνομίζοντες αὐτὸν τεθνηκέναι 1thinking that he was dead
1402ACT1420pan3τῶν μαθητῶν 1the disciples

These were new believers in the city of Lystra.

1403ACT1420aqx3εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὴν πόλιν 1entered the city
1404ACT1420e2y9ἐξῆλθεν σὺν τῷ Βαρναβᾷ εἰς Δέρβην 1he went to Derbe with Barnabas
1405ACT1421wv7efigs-inclusive0General Information:
1406ACT1421ykt4τὴν πόλιν ἐκείνην 1that city
1407ACT1422ek9lfigs-synecdocheἐπιστηρίζοντες τὰς ψυχὰς τῶν μαθητῶν 1They kept strengthening the souls of the disciples
1408ACT1422zkd2παρακαλοῦντες ἐμμένειν τῇ πίστει 1encouraging them to continue in the faith
1409ACT1422d9icwriting-quotationsκαὶ ὅτι διὰ πολλῶν θλίψεων, δεῖ ἡμᾶς εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν Βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1
1410ACT1422wu1cfigs-inclusiveδεῖ ἡμᾶς εἰσελθεῖν 1We must enter
1411ACT1423pk5l0General Information:
1412ACT1423mqp9χειροτονήσαντες δὲ αὐτοῖς κατ’ ἐκκλησίαν πρεσβυτέρους 1When they had appointed for them elders in every church
1413ACT1423nd87παρέθεντο αὐτοὺς 1they entrusted them
1414ACT1423ls62εἰς ὃν πεπιστεύκεισαν 1in whom they had believed
1415ACT1425t513figs-metonymyκαὶ λαλήσαντες ἐν Πέργῃ τὸν λόγον 1When they had spoken the word in Perga
1416ACT1425h8shκατέβησαν εἰς Ἀττάλιαν 1went down to Attalia
1417ACT1426f2cgὅθεν ἦσαν παραδεδομένοι τῇ χάριτι τοῦ Θεοῦ 1where they had been committed to the grace of God
1418ACT1427vcd30General Information:
1419ACT1427i9dvσυναγαγόντες τὴν ἐκκλησίαν 1gathered the church together
1420ACT1427b4idfigs-metaphorἤνοιξεν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν θύραν πίστεως 1he had opened a door of faith for the Gentiles
1421ACT15introh9170
1422ACT151qck60Connecting Statement:

Paul and Barnabas are still in Antioch when there is a dispute about the Gentiles and circumcision.

1423ACT151su66figs-explicitτινες1Some men
1424ACT151p3k9κατελθόντες ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰουδαίας 1came down from Judea
1425ACT151zi1nfigs-explicitἐδίδασκον τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς 1taught the brothers
1426ACT151pm8hfigs-activepassiveἐὰν μὴ περιτμηθῆτε τῷ ἔθει τῷ Μωϋσέως, οὐ δύνασθε σωθῆναι 1Unless you are circumcised according to the custom of Moses, you cannot be saved
1427ACT152f9ndfigs-abstractnounsστάσεως καὶ ζητήσεως οὐκ ὀλίγης ... πρὸς αὐτοὺς 1a sharp dispute and debate with them
1428ACT152ek6aἀναβαίνειν ... εἰς Ἰερουσαλὴμ 1go up to Jerusalem

Jerusalem was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for Israelites to speak of going up to Jerusalem.

1429ACT152z983τοῦ ζητήματος τούτου 1this question
1430ACT153h2mw0General Information:
1431ACT153av5yfigs-activepassiveοἱ μὲν οὖν προπεμφθέντες ὑπὸ τῆς ἐκκλησίας 1They therefore, being sent by the church
1432ACT153aia5figs-metonymyπροπεμφθέντες ὑπὸ τῆς ἐκκλησίας 1being sent by the church
1433ACT153i5kdδιήρχοντο τήν τε Φοινίκην καὶ Σαμάρειαν, ἐκδιηγούμενο 1passed through ... announced
1434ACT153rk37figs-abstractnounsἐκδιηγούμενοι τὴν ἐπιστροφὴν τῶν ἐθνῶν 1announced the conversion of the Gentiles
1435ACT153nje7figs-metaphorἐποίουν χαρὰν μεγάλην πᾶσι τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς 1They brought great joy to all the brothers
1436ACT153bbd4τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς 1the brothers
1437ACT154ej1rfigs-activepassiveπαρεδέχθησαν ὑπὸ τῆς ἐκκλησίας, καὶ τῶν ἀποστόλων, καὶ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων 1they were welcomed by the church and the apostles and the elders
1438ACT154a2x1μετ’ αὐτῶν 1with them
1439ACT155efe50General Information:
1440ACT155f2b50Connecting Statement:

Paul and Barnabas are now in Jerusalem to meet with the apostles and elders there.

1441ACT155k6k7δέ τινες 1But certain men

Here Luke contrasts those who believe that salvation is only in Jesus to others who believe salvation is by Jesus yet also believe that circumcision is required for salvation.

1442ACT155b9ntτηρεῖν τὸν νόμον Μωϋσέως 1to keep the law of Moses
1443ACT156ugu6ἰδεῖν περὶ τοῦ λόγου τούτου 1to consider this matter

The church leaders decided to discuss whether or not Gentiles needed to be circumcised and obey the law of Moses in order for God to save them from their sins.

1444ACT157wct8figs-you0General Information:
1445ACT157hxu90Connecting Statement:

Peter begins to speak to the apostles and elders who met to discuss whether Gentiles had to receive circumcision and keep the law (Acts 15:5-6).

1446ACT157a6q9ἀδελφοί1Brothers

Peter is addressing all of the believers who were present.

1447ACT157s3wbfigs-synecdocheδιὰ τοῦ στόματός μου 1by my mouth
1448ACT157yer1ἀκοῦσαι τὰ ἔθνη 1the Gentiles should hear
1449ACT157b5s8figs-metonymyτὸν λόγον τοῦ εὐαγγελίου 1the word of the gospel
1450ACT158m1xcfigs-metonymyὁ καρδιογνώστης 1who knows the heart
1451ACT158p6d2ἐμαρτύρησεν αὐτοῖς 1witnesses to them
1452ACT158i1gcδοὺς τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον 1giving them the Holy Spirit
1453ACT159zs2gοὐδὲν διέκρινεν 1made no distinction

God did not treat Jewish believers different from Gentile believers.

1454ACT159ase1figs-metaphorτῇ πίστει καθαρίσας τὰς καρδίας αὐτῶν 1making their hearts clean by faith
1455ACT1510ha45figs-inclusive0General Information:
1456ACT1510wjq70Connecting Statement:

Peter finishes speaking to the apostles and elders.

1457ACT1510rfr4νῦν1Now
1458ACT1510zaz6figs-rquestionτί πειράζετε τὸν Θεόν, ἐπιθεῖναι ζυγὸν ἐπὶ τὸν τράχηλον τῶν μαθητῶν, ὃν οὔτε οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν οὔτε ἡμεῖς ἰσχύσαμεν βαστάσαι 1why do you test God, that you should put a yoke upon the neck of the disciples which neither our fathers nor we were able to bear?
1459ACT1510bfd5οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν 1our fathers

This refers to their Jewish ancestors.

1460ACT1511q28cfigs-activepassiveἀλλὰ διὰ τῆς χάριτος τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ, πιστεύομεν σωθῆναι καθ’ ὃν τρόπον κἀκεῖνοι 1But we believe that we shall be saved through the grace of the Lord Jesus, just as they were
1461ACT1512um1p0General Information:
1462ACT1512d1ucπᾶν τὸ πλῆθος 1All the multitude
1463ACT1512uks6ἐποίησεν ὁ Θεὸς 1God had worked
1464ACT1513vb250General Information:
1465ACT1513l7mp0Connecting Statement:

James begins to speak to the apostles and elders (Acts 15:6).

1466ACT1513pl6mἀδελφοί, ἀκούσατέ 1Brothers, listen
1467ACT1514s9dnλαβεῖν ἐξ ἐθνῶν λαὸν 1in order to take from them a people
1468ACT1514pnr9figs-metonymyτῷ ὀνόματι αὐτοῦ 1for his name
1469ACT1515h9um0General Information:
1470ACT1515ibb20Connecting Statement:

James quotes the prophet Amos from the Old Testament.

1471ACT1515am6yfigs-metonymyσυμφωνοῦσιν οἱ λόγοι τῶν προφητῶν 1The words of the prophets agree
1472ACT1515nbi1τούτῳ συμφωνοῦσιν 1agree with this
1473ACT1515j4f5figs-activepassiveκαθὼς γέγραπται 1as it is written
1474ACT1516f5wffigs-metaphorἀνοικοδομήσω τὴν σκηνὴν Δαυεὶδ τὴν πεπτωκυῖαν, καὶ τὰ κατεστραμμένα αὐτῆς, ἀνοικοδομήσω καὶ ἀνορθώσω αὐτήν 1I will build again the tent of David, which has fallen down ... its ruins again

This speaks of God's again choosing one of David's descendants to rule over his people as though he were setting up a tent again after it fell down. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1475ACT1516ist8figs-metonymyσκηνὴν1tent
1476ACT1517sm79figs-metaphorἐκζητήσωσιν οἱ κατάλοιποι τῶν ἀνθρώπων τὸν Κύριον 1the remnant of men may seek the Lord

This speaks about people wanting to obey God and learn more about him as if they were literally looking for him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1477ACT1517hkw1figs-gendernotationsκατάλοιποι τῶν ἀνθρώπων 1remnant of men
1478ACT1517pe4lfigs-123personἐκζητήσωσιν ... τὸν Κύριον 1may seek the Lord
1479ACT1517tu21figs-activepassiveκαὶ πάντα τὰ ἔθνη, ἐφ’ οὓς ἐπικέκληται τὸ ὄνομά μου ἐπ’ αὐτούς 1including all the Gentiles called by my name
1480ACT1517c8gmfigs-metonymyτὸ ὄνομά μου 1my name
1481ACT1518tr27figs-activepassiveγνωστὰ1that have been known
1482ACT1519g3zxfigs-inclusive0General Information:
1483ACT1519f6za0Connecting Statement:

James finishes speaking to the apostles and elders. (See: Acts 15:2 and Acts 15:13)

1484ACT1519pyb9figs-explicitμὴ παρενοχλεῖν τοῖς ἀπὸ τῶν ἐθνῶν 1we should not trouble those of the Gentiles
1485ACT1519vr6ufigs-metaphorἐπιστρέφουσιν ἐπὶ τὸν Θεόν 1who turn to God

A person who starts obeying God is spoken of as if the person is physically turning towards God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1486ACT1520wx8fἀπέχεσθαι τῶν ἀλισγημάτων τῶν εἰδώλων, καὶ τῆς πορνείας, καὶ τοῦ πνικτοῦ, καὶ τοῦ αἵματος 1they must keep away from the pollution of idols ... sexual immorality ... strangled ... blood

Sexual immorality, strangling animals, and consuming blood were often part of ceremonies to worship idols and false gods.

1487ACT1520n6f2figs-explicitἀλισγημάτων τῶν εἰδώλων 1pollution of idols

This possibly refers to eating the meat of an animal that someone has sacrificed to an idol or to anything to do with idol worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1488ACT1520j2rlfigs-explicitτοῦ πνικτοῦ, καὶ τοῦ αἵματος 1from the meat of strangled animals, and from blood

God did not allow Jews to eat meat that still had the blood in it. Also, even earlier in Moses' writings in Genesis, God had forbidden the drinking of blood. Therefore, they could not eat an animal that someone strangled because the blood was not properly drained from the body of the animal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1489ACT1521si1hfigs-explicitΜωϋσῆς γὰρ ἐκ γενεῶν ἀρχαίων κατὰ πόλιν τοὺς κηρύσσοντας αὐτὸν, ἔχει ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς κατὰ πᾶν Σάββατον ἀναγινωσκόμενος. 1Moses has been proclaimed in every city ... and he is read in the synagogues every Sabbath

James is implying that Gentiles know how important these rules are because Jews preach them in every city where there is a synagogue. It also implies the Gentiles can go to the teachers from the synagogues to learn more about these rules. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1490ACT1521zd7tfigs-metonymyΜωϋσῆς ... τοὺς κηρύσσοντας 1Moses has been proclaimed
1491ACT1521xg5nfigs-hyperboleκατὰ πόλιν 1in every city
1492ACT1521pbm5figs-metonymyἀναγινωσκόμενος1and he is read
1493ACT1522rhn30General Information:
1494ACT1522hp6jfigs-explicitὅλῃ τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ 1the whole church
1495ACT1522c711translate-namesἸούδαν τὸν καλούμενον Βαρσαββᾶν 1Judas called Barsabbas
1496ACT1523e4g2οἱ ἀπόστολοι καὶ οἱ πρεσβύτεροι, ἀδελφοὶ, τοῖς κατὰ τὴν Ἀντιόχειαν, καὶ Συρίαν, καὶ Κιλικίαν, ἀδελφοῖς τοῖς ἐξ ἐθνῶν, χαίρειν 1From the apostles and elders, your brothers, to the Gentile brothers in Antioch, Syria, and Cilicia: Greetings!
1497ACT1523kp51ἀδελφοὶ, τοῖς κατὰ τὴν Ἀντιόχειαν 1your brothers ... the Gentile brothers
1498ACT1523php8translate-namesΚιλικίαν1Cilicia

This is the name of a province on the coast in Asia Minor north of the Island of Cyprus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1499ACT1524g8m9figs-exclusive0General Information:
1500ACT1524p1tlὅτι τινὲς 1that certain men
1501ACT1524kh16οἷς οὐ διεστειλάμεθα 1with no orders from us
1502ACT1524bxq8figs-synecdocheἐτάραξαν ὑμᾶς λόγοις ἀνασκευάζοντες τὰς ψυχὰς ὑμῶν 1disturbed you with teachings that upset your souls
1503ACT1525c3dlἐκλεξαμένοις ἄνδρας 1to choose men

The men they sent were Judas called Barsabbas and Silas (Acts 15:22).

1504ACT1526t7vwfigs-metonymyτοῦ ὀνόματος τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1for the name of our Lord Jesus Christ
1505ACT1527j1jbfigs-exclusive0General Information:
1506ACT1527v2ee0Connecting Statement:

This concludes the letter from the Jerusalem church to the Gentile believers in Antioch.

1507ACT1527xw8lfigs-explicitαὐτοὺς διὰ λόγου ἀπαγγέλλοντας τὰ αὐτά 1who will tell you the same thing themselves in their own words
1508ACT1528l9z6figs-metaphorμηδὲν πλέον ἐπιτίθεσθαι ὑμῖν βάρος, πλὴν τούτων τῶν ἐπάναγκες 1to lay upon you no greater burden than these necessary things

This speaks about laws that people need to obey as if they were objects that people carry on their shoulders. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1509ACT1529nt7sεἰδωλοθύτων1from things sacrificed to idols

This means they are not allowed to eat the meat of an animal that someone sacrifices to an idol.

1510ACT1529vcc6figs-explicitαἵματος1blood

This refers to drinking blood or eating meat from which the blood has not been drained. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1511ACT1529rt55πνικτῶν1things strangled

A strangled animal was killed but its blood was not drained.

1512ACT1529buy9ἔρρωσθε1Farewell
1513ACT1530khi80Connecting Statement:

Paul, Barnabas, Judas, and Silas leave for Antioch.

1514ACT1530c3ukοἱ μὲν οὖν ἀπολυθέντες, κατῆλθον εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν 1So they, when they were dismissed, came down to Antioch
1515ACT1530usz6figs-activepassiveἀπολυθέντες1when they were dismissed
1516ACT1530t55aκατῆλθον εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν 1came down to Antioch
1517ACT1531k1mrἀναγνόντες ... ἐχάρησαν 1they rejoiced
1518ACT1531e4gffigs-abstractnounsἐπὶ τῇ παρακλήσει 1because of the encouragement
1519ACT1532r65lκαὶ ... προφῆται 1also prophets
1520ACT1532e2enτοὺς ἀδελφοὺς 1the brothers
1521ACT1532j99gfigs-metaphorἐπεστήριξαν1strengthened them

Helping someone to depend even more on Jesus is spoken of as if they were making them physically stronger. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1522ACT1533y2ls0Connecting Statement:

Judas and Silas return to Jerusalem while Paul and Barnabas remain in Antioch.

1523ACT1533v7pjfigs-metaphorποιήσαντες δὲ χρόνον 1After they had spent some time there
1524ACT1533v6imfigs-activepassiveἀπελύθησαν μετ’ εἰρήνης ἀπὸ τῶν ἀδελφῶν 1they were sent away in peace from the brothers
1525ACT1533wzw4τῶν ἀδελφῶν 1the brothers

This refers to the believers in Antioch.

1526ACT1533xv3hπρὸς τοὺς ἀποστείλαντας αὐτούς 1to those who had sent them
1527ACT1535e7s4figs-metonymyτὸν λόγον τοῦ Κυρίου 1the word of the Lord
1528ACT1536k6c60Connecting Statement:

Paul and Barnabas go on separate journeys.

1529ACT1536i1n5ἐπιστρέψαντες δὴ 1Let us return now
1530ACT1536ib2jἐπισκεψώμεθα τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς 1visit the brothers
1531ACT1536ua1ffigs-metonymyτὸν λόγον τοῦ Κυρίου 1the word of the Lord
1532ACT1536y9i9πῶς ἔχουσιν 1see how they are
1533ACT1537s635συνπαραλαβεῖν καὶ τὸν Ἰωάννην, τὸν καλούμενον Μᾶρκον 1to also take with them John who was called Mark
1534ACT1538a5nnfigs-litotesΠαῦλος ... ἠξίου ... μὴ ... συνπαραλαμβάνειν τοῦτον 1Paul thought it was not good to take Mark
1535ACT1538ht3kΠαμφυλίας1Pamphylia

This was a province in Asia Minor. See how you translated this in Acts 2:10.

1536ACT1538ln7wμὴ συνελθόντα αὐτοῖς εἰς τὸ ἔργον 1did not go further with them in the work
1537ACT1539bb8w0General Information:
1538ACT1539u97afigs-abstractnounsἐγένετο δὲ παροξυσμὸς 1Then there arose a sharp disagreement
1539ACT1540l2uqfigs-activepassiveπαραδοθεὶς τῇ χάριτι τοῦ Κυρίου ὑπὸ τῶν ἀδελφῶν 1after he was entrusted by the brothers to the grace of the Lord
1540ACT1541e3ymfigs-explicitδιήρχετο1he went
1541ACT1541t81zδιήρχετο ... τὴν Συρίαν καὶ τὴν Κιλικίαν 1went through Syria and Cilicia

These are provinces or areas in Asia Minor, near the island of Cyprus.

1542ACT1541tbv3figs-metaphorἐπιστηρίζων τὰς ἐκκλησίας 1strengthening the churches
1543ACT16introe7z20

Acts 16 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Timothy's circumcision

Paul circumcised Timothy because they were telling the message of Jesus to Jews and Gentiles. Paul wanted the Jews to know that he respected the law of Moses even though the church leaders in Jerusalem had decided that Christians did not need to be circumcised..

The woman who had a spirit of divination

Most people want very much to know the future, but the law of Moses said that speaking with the spirits of dead people to learn about the future is a sin. This woman seems to have been able to tell the future very well. She was a slave, and her masters made much money from her work. Paul wanted her to stop sinning, so he told the spirit to leave her. Luke does not say that she began to follow Jesus or tell us anything more about her.

1544ACT161l2b10General Information:
1545ACT161f49mwriting-background0

This continues the missionary journeys of Paul with Silas. Timothy is introduced into the story and joins Paul and Silas. Verses 1 and 2 give background information about Timothy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1546ACT161km5qfigs-goκατήντησεν ... καὶ 1Paul also came
1547ACT161d4kaΔέρβην1Derbe

This is the name of a city in Asia Minor. See how you translated it in Acts 14:6.

1548ACT161u3vrἰδοὺ1behold
1549ACT161wxl8figs-ellipsisπιστῆς1who believed
1550ACT162t1lufigs-activepassiveὃς ἐμαρτυρεῖτο ὑπὸ τῶν ... ἀδελφῶν 1He was well spoken of by the brothers
1551ACT162rez2ὑπὸ τῶν ... ἀδελφῶν 1by the brothers
1552ACT163p6z8περιέτεμεν αὐτὸν 1circumcised him

It is possible that Paul himself circumcised Timothy, but it is more likely that he had someone else circumcise Timothy.

1553ACT163za93διὰ τοὺς Ἰουδαίους τοὺς ὄντας ἐν τοῖς τόποις ἐκείνοις 1because of the Jews that were in those places
1554ACT163hk2lfigs-explicitᾔδεισαν γὰρ ἅπαντες, ὅτι Ἕλλην ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ ὑπῆρχεν 1for they all knew that his father was a Greek

Since Greek men did not have their sons circumcised, the Jews would have known Timothy was not circumcised, and they would have rejected Paul and Timothy before hearing their message about Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1555ACT164n46i0General Information:
1556ACT164bu6rαὐτοῖς φυλάσσειν 1for them to obey
1557ACT164gpi3figs-activepassiveτὰ κεκριμένα ὑπὸ τῶν ἀποστόλων καὶ πρεσβυτέρων τῶν ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις 1that had been written by the apostles and elders in Jerusalem
1558ACT165q8v9figs-activepassiveαἱ ... ἐκκλησίαι ἐστερεοῦντο τῇ πίστει, καὶ ἐπερίσσευον τῷ ἀριθμῷ καθ’ ἡμέραν 1the churches were strengthened in the faith and increased in number daily
1559ACT165lv4ffigs-metaphorαἱ ... ἐκκλησίαι ἐστερεοῦντο τῇ πίστει 1the churches were strengthened in the faith

This speaks of helping someone to believe more confidently as if it were making them physically stronger. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1560ACT166g97eτὴν Φρυγίαν 1Phrygia

This is a region in Asia. See how you translated this name in Acts 2:10.

1561ACT166ue3kfigs-activepassiveκωλυθέντες ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος 1they had been forbidden by the Holy Spirit
1562ACT166h4u4figs-metonymyτὸν λόγον 1the word
1563ACT167x1b1figs-goἐλθόντες δὲ 1When they came
1564ACT167b1xqtranslate-namesΜυσίαν ... Βιθυνίαν 1Mysia ... Bithynia

These are two more regions in Asia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1565ACT167b539τὸ Πνεῦμα Ἰησοῦ 1the Spirit of Jesus
1566ACT168s6l1κατέβησαν εἰς Τρῳάδα 1they came down to the city of Troas
1567ACT168xq6nfigs-goκατέβησαν1they came down
1568ACT169t6v2ὅραμα ... τῷ Παύλῳ ὤφθη 1A vision appeared to Paul
1569ACT169hq8eπαρακαλῶν αὐτὸν 1calling him
1570ACT169cm2uδιαβὰς εἰς Μακεδονίαν 1Come over into Macedonia
1571ACT1610fg5hἐζητήσαμεν ἐξελθεῖν εἰς Μακεδονίαν, συμβιβάζοντες ὅτι προσκέκληται ἡμᾶς ὁ Θεὸς εὐαγγελίσασθαι αὐτούς 1we set out to go to Macedonia ... God had called us
1572ACT1611m2p50Connecting Statement:

Paul and his companions are now in Philippi on their missionary trip. Verse 13 begins the story of Lydia. This short story happens during Paul's travels.

1573ACT1611q2prtranslate-namesΣαμοθρᾴκην ... Νέαν Πόλιν 1Samothrace ... Neapolis

These are coastal cities near Phillipi in Macedonia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1574ACT1611yy6zfigs-goεἰς Νέαν Πόλιν 1we came to Neapolis
1575ACT1612tl9ffigs-explicitκολωνία1a Roman colony

This is a city outside of Italy where many people who came from Rome lived. The people there had the same rights and freedoms as people who lived in cities in Italy. They could govern themselves and they did not have to pay taxes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1576ACT1614x8bp0Connecting Statement:

This ends the story of Lydia.

1577ACT1614n952writing-participantsτις γυνὴ ὀνόματι Λυδία 1A certain woman named Lydia
1578ACT1614qj86figs-ellipsisπορφυρόπωλις1a seller of purple
1579ACT1614c6n8translate-namesΘυατείρων1Thyatira

This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1580ACT1614cyk3σεβομένη τὸν Θεόν 1worshiped God

A worshiper of God is a Gentile who gives praise to God and follows him, but does not obey all of the Jewish laws.

1581ACT1614rd4rfigs-metaphorἧς ὁ Κύριος διήνοιξεν τὴν καρδίαν, προσέχειν 1The Lord opened her heart to pay attention
1582ACT1614s9jufigs-metonymyἧς ... διήνοιξεν τὴν καρδίαν 1opened her heart
1583ACT1614a74yfigs-activepassiveτοῖς λαλουμένοις ὑπὸ τοῦ Παύλου 1what was said by Paul
1584ACT1615g7e9figs-activepassiveὡς δὲ ἐβαπτίσθη καὶ ὁ οἶκος αὐτῆς 1When she and her house were baptized
1585ACT1615s799figs-metonymyὁ οἶκος αὐτῆς 1her house
1586ACT1616vyn4writing-background0General Information:

Background information is given here to explain that this young fortune teller brought much financial gain to her masters by guessing people's futures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1587ACT1616anc10Connecting Statement:

This begins the first event in another short story during Paul's travels; it is about a young fortune teller.

1588ACT1616ufy4ἐγένετο δὲ 1It came about that

This phrase marks the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

1589ACT1616y1gcwriting-participantsπαιδίσκην τινὰ 1a certain young woman
1590ACT1616ymt9πνεῦμα Πύθωνα 1a spirit of divination

An evil spirit spoke to her often about the immediate future of people.

1591ACT1617tni9figs-metaphorὁδὸν σωτηρίας 1the way of salvation
1592ACT1618lj79figs-activepassiveδιαπονηθεὶς δὲ Παῦλος, καὶ ἐπιστρέψας 1But Paul, being greatly annoyed by her, turned
1593ACT1618qi1kfigs-metonymyἐν ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1in the name of Jesus Christ
1594ACT1618u4z8ἐξῆλθεν αὐτῇ τῇ ὥρᾳ 1it came out right away
1595ACT1619m1y7οἱ κύριοι αὐτῆς 1her masters
1596ACT1619r1a1figs-explicitἰδόντες ... οἱ κύριοι αὐτῆς, ὅτι ἐξῆλθεν ἡ ἐλπὶς τῆς ἐργασίας αὐτῶν 1When her masters saw that their opportunity to make money was now gone
1597ACT1619bws7εἰς τὴν ἀγορὰν 1into the marketplace
1598ACT1619hf82ἐπὶ τοὺς ἄρχοντας 1before the authorities
1599ACT1620d2rgκαὶ προσαγαγόντες αὐτοὺς τοῖς στρατηγοῖς 1When they had brought them to the magistrates
1600ACT1620wa94στρατηγοῖς1magistrates

rulers, judges

1601ACT1620dkz2figs-inclusiveοὗτοι οἱ ἄνθρωποι ἐκταράσσουσιν ἡμῶν τὴν πόλιν 1These men are stirring up our city
1602ACT1621gna6παραδέχεσθαι οὐδὲ ποιεῖν 1to accept or practice
1603ACT1622r1gr0General Information:
1604ACT1622at6ifigs-activepassiveἐκέλευον ῥαβδίζειν 1commanded them to be beaten with rods
1605ACT1623dsr3πολλάς ... ἐπιθέντες αὐτοῖς πληγὰς 1had laid many blows upon them
1606ACT1623y4mcπαραγγείλαντες τῷ δεσμοφύλακι ἀσφαλῶς τηρεῖν αὐτούς 1commanded the jailer to keep them securely
1607ACT1623zkp7δεσμοφύλακι1jailer

a person responsible for all the people held in the jail or prison

1608ACT1624a79xὃς παραγγελίαν τοιαύτην λαβὼν 1he got this command
1609ACT1624rl8cτοὺς πόδας ἠσφαλίσατο αὐτῶν εἰς τὸ ξύλον 1fastened their feet in the stocks
1610ACT1624jug6ξύλον1stocks

a piece of wood with holes for preventing a person's feet from moving

1611ACT1625rwu30General Information:
1612ACT1625hme20Connecting Statement:

This continues Paul and Silas' time in Philippi in prison and tells what happens to their jailer.

1613ACT1626q7z1figs-activepassiveσεισμὸς ... ὥστε σαλευθῆναι τὰ θεμέλια τοῦ δεσμωτηρίου 1earthquake, so that the foundations of the prison were shaken
1614ACT1626m4yefigs-synecdocheτὰ θεμέλια τοῦ δεσμωτηρίου 1the foundations of the prison

When the foundations shook, this caused the entire prison to shake. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

1615ACT1626s6mufigs-activepassiveἠνεῴχθησαν ... αἱ θύραι πᾶσαι 1all the doors were opened
1616ACT1626p393figs-activepassiveπάντων τὰ δεσμὰ ἀνέθη 1everyone's chains were unfastened
1617ACT1627ljy6figs-exclusive0General Information:
1618ACT1627hr9qfigs-activepassiveἔξυπνος ... γενόμενος ὁ δεσμοφύλαξ 1The jailer was awakened from sleep
1619ACT1627cwt5ἤμελλεν ἑαυτὸν ἀναιρεῖν 1was about to kill himself
1620ACT1629pe66figs-explicitαἰτήσας ... φῶτα 1called for lights
1621ACT1629h5aifigs-metonymyφῶτα1for lights
1622ACT1629r6isεἰσεπήδησεν1rushed in
1623ACT1629bb6ttranslate-symactionπροσέπεσεν τῷ Παύλῳ καὶ Σιλᾷ 1fell down before Paul and Silas

The jailer humbled himself by bowing down at the feet of Paul and Silas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

1624ACT1630a3h6προαγαγὼν αὐτοὺς ἔξω 1brought them out
1625ACT1630u132figs-activepassiveτί με δεῖ ποιεῖν, ἵνα σωθῶ 1what must I do to be saved
1626ACT1631br4kfigs-activepassiveσωθήσῃ1you will be saved
1627ACT1631w8edfigs-metonymyὁ οἶκός σου 1your house
1628ACT1632kb350General Information:
1629ACT1632pq5wfigs-metonymyἐλάλησαν αὐτῷ τὸν λόγον τοῦ Κυρίου 1They spoke the word of the Lord to him
1630ACT1633r3lafigs-activepassiveἐβαπτίσθη, αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ αὐτοῦ πάντες παραχρῆμα 1he and those in his entire house were baptized immediately
1631ACT1635x3x80General Information:

This is the last event in the story of Paul and Silas in Philippi (Acts 16:12).

1632ACT1635lb4zδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Luke tells the last event in the story that started in Acts 16:16.

1633ACT1635qum8figs-metonymyἀπέστειλαν ... τοὺς ῥαβδούχους 1sent word to the guards
1634ACT1635j5m6ἀπέστειλαν1sent word
1635ACT1635vev9ἀπόλυσον τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἐκείνους 1Let those men go
1636ACT1636k3i6ἐξελθόντες1come out
1637ACT1637v4ykfigs-exclusive0General Information:
1638ACT1637b4jmfigs-explicitἔφη πρὸς αὐτούς 1said to them
1639ACT1637b7ccfigs-metonymyδείραντες ἡμᾶς δημοσίᾳ 1They have publicly beaten us
1640ACT1637wc37ἀκατακρίτους ἀνθρώπους Ῥωμαίους ὑπάρχοντας, ἔβαλαν εἰς φυλακήν 1without a trial, even though we are Romans citizens—and they threw us into prison
1641ACT1637qq1ufigs-rquestionλάθρᾳ ἡμᾶς ἐκβάλλουσιν? οὔ 1Do they now want to send us away secretly? No!
1642ACT1637jr2jfigs-rpronounsλάθρᾳ ἡμᾶς ἐκβάλλουσιν? οὔ 1Let them come themselves
1643ACT1638ym2ufigs-explicitἐφοβήθησαν ... ἀκούσαντες ὅτι Ῥωμαῖοί εἰσιν 1when they heard that Paul and Silas were Romans, they were afraid

To be a Roman meant to be a legal citizens of the Empire. Citizenship provided freedom from torture and the right to a fair trial. The city leaders were afraid that more important Roman authorities might learn how the city leaders had mistreated Paul and Silas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1644ACT1640q59h0General Information:
1645ACT1640y14iwriting-endofstory0

This is the end of Paul and Silas' time in Philippi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])

1646ACT1640t1pffigs-goεἰσῆλθον πρὸς τὴν Λυδίαν 1came to the house
1647ACT1640ylk9τὴν Λυδίαν 1the house of Lydia
1648ACT1640ntc9figs-gendernotationsἰδόντες1saw the brothers
1649ACT17introgj4c0
1650ACT171q9x40General Information:
1651ACT171r3qb0Connecting Statement:
1652ACT171e4w5δὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Luke, the author, starts to tell a new part of the story.

1653ACT171b7npδιοδεύσαντες1passed through
1654ACT171kll1translate-namesτὴν Ἀμφίπολιν καὶ τὴν Ἀπολλωνίαν 1cities of Amphipolis and Apollonia

These are coastal cities in Macedonia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1655ACT171yj66figs-goἦλθον εἰς Θεσσαλονίκην 1they came to the city
1656ACT172vbf2κατὰ ... τὸ εἰωθὸς 1as his custom was
1657ACT172bt5eἐπὶ Σάββατα τρία 1for three Sabbath days
1658ACT172wp3kfigs-explicitδιελέξατο αὐτοῖς ἀπὸ τῶν Γραφῶν 1reasoned with them from the scriptures

Paul explained what the scriptures means in order to prove to the Jews that Jesus is the Messiah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1659ACT172qf4tδιελέξατο αὐτοῖς 1reasoned with them
1660ACT173e85n0General Information:
1661ACT173ir9qfigs-metaphorδιανοίγων1He was opening the scriptures

Possible meanings are 1) to explain the scriptures in a way that people can understand is spoken of as if Paul were opening something so people can see what is inside of it) or 2) Paul was literally opening a book or scroll and reading from it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1662ACT173he78ἔδει1it was necessary
1663ACT173ipb2ἀναστῆναι1to rise again
1664ACT173b9qiἐκ νεκρῶν 1from the dead

From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To come back from among them speaks of becoming alive again.

1665ACT174es2ufigs-activepassiveαὐτῶν ἐπείσθησαν 1the Jews were persuaded
1666ACT174nyp2προσεκληρώθησαν τῷ Παύλῳ 1joined Paul
1667ACT174t21zσεβομένων Ἑλλήνων 1devout Greeks

This refers to Greeks who worship God but have not converted to Judaism through circumcision.

1668ACT174ye8vfigs-litotesγυναικῶν ... τῶν πρώτων οὐκ ὀλίγαι 1not a few of the leading women
1669ACT175nuh60General Information:
1670ACT175uj43figs-metaphorζηλώσαντες1being moved with jealousy
1671ACT175vev6figs-explicitζηλώσαντες1with jealousy

It can be stated explicitly that these Jews were jealous because some of the Jews and Greeks believed Paul's message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1672ACT175btw6προσλαβόμενοι ... ἄνδρας τινὰς πονηροὺς 1took certain wicked men
1673ACT175lc6gἄνδρας τινὰς πονηροὺς 1certain wicked men
1674ACT175ie1fτῶν ἀγοραίων 1from the marketplace
1675ACT175t3bcfigs-metonymyἐθορύβουν τὴν πόλιν 1set the city in an uproar
1676ACT175s3uvἐπιστάντες τῇ οἰκίᾳ 1Assaulting the house
1677ACT175ks2ltranslate-namesἸάσονος1Jason

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1678ACT175pp7kπροαγαγεῖν εἰς τὸν δῆμον 1out to the people
1679ACT176i79pτινας ἀδελφοὺς 1certain other brothers
1680ACT176e44zἐπὶ τοὺς πολιτάρχας 1before the officials
1681ACT176g7xjοἱ ... ἀναστατώσαντες, οὗτοι 1These men who have
1682ACT176c2avfigs-hyperboleτὴν οἰκουμένην ἀναστατώσαντες 1turned the world upside down
1683ACT177hlc9ὑποδέδεκται Ἰάσων 1Jason has welcomed

This phrase signals that Jason was in agreement with the apostles' troubling message.

1684ACT178th2fἐτάραξαν1were disturbed
1685ACT179ya44λαβόντες τὸ ἱκανὸν παρὰ τοῦ Ἰάσονος καὶ τῶν λοιπῶν 1made Jason and the rest pay money as security

Jason and the others had to pay the money to the city officials as a promise of good behavior; that money might be returned if all went well or it might be used to repair the damages brought on by bad behavior.

1686ACT179bj48τῶν λοιπῶν 1the rest
1687ACT179aru6ἀπέλυσαν αὐτούς 1they let them go
1688ACT1710na8h0General Information:

Paul and Silas travel on to the town of Berea.

1689ACT1710qy5cfigs-gendernotationsοἱ ... ἀδελφοὶ 1the brothers
1690ACT1711k2stwriting-backgroundδὲ1Now
1691ACT1711gu6sοὗτοι ... ἦσαν εὐγενέστεροι 1these people were more noble
1692ACT1711hle3figs-metonymyἐδέξαντο τὸν λόγον 1received the word
1693ACT1711uh8aμετὰ πάσης προθυμίας 1with all readiness of mind

These Bereans were prepared to examine earnestly Paul's teachings about the scripture.

1694ACT1711lzm3καθ’ ἡμέραν ἀνακρίνοντες τὰς Γραφὰς 1examining the scriptures daily
1695ACT1711g8anἔχοι ταῦτα οὕτως 1these things were so
1696ACT1713vn8htranslate-names0General Information:

Athens is down the coast from Barea which is in Macedonia. Athens was one of the most important cities in Greece. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1697ACT1713asb4figs-metaphorἦλθον κἀκεῖ, σαλεύοντες 1went there and stirred up
1698ACT1713wjq3ταράσσοντες τοὺς ὄχλους 1troubled the crowds
1699ACT1714ael8figs-gendernotationsἀδελφοὶ1brothers
1700ACT1714zw1cπορεύεσθαι ἕως ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν 1to go to the sea
1701ACT1715tjh5καθιστάνοντες τὸν Παῦλον 1who were leading Paul
1702ACT1715gs1pfigs-quotationsλαβόντες ἐντολὴν πρὸς τὸν Σιλᾶν καὶ τὸν Τιμόθεον 1they received from him instructions for Silas and Timothy
1703ACT1716wk630General Information:

This is another part of the story of Paul and Silas' travels. Paul is now in Athens where he is waiting for Silas and Timothy to join him.

1704ACT1716y9crδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Luke starts to tell a new part of the story.

1705ACT1716we78figs-synecdocheπαρωξύνετο τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτοῦ ἐν αὐτῷ, θεωροῦντος κατείδωλον οὖσαν τὴν πόλιν 1his spirit was provoked within him as he saw the city full of idols
1706ACT1717q8pxδιελέγετο 1he reasoned
1707ACT1717jkj8τοῖς σεβομένοις 1others who worshiped God

This refers to Gentiles (non-Jews) who give praise to God and follow him but do not obey all of the Jewish laws.

1708ACT1717ec14ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ 1in the marketplace
1709ACT1718ru6a0General Information:
1710ACT1718l7letranslate-namesἘπικουρίων καὶ Στοϊκῶν φιλοσόφων 1Epicurean and Stoic philosophers

These people believed all things were formed by chance and that the gods were too busy being happy to be bothered with governing the universe. They rejected the resurrection and wanted only simple pleasures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1711ACT1718f976translate-namesΣτοϊκῶν φιλοσόφων 1Stoic philosophers

These people believed freedom comes from resigning oneself to fate. They rejected a personal loving God and the resurrection. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1712ACT1718tjk6συνέβαλλον αὐτῷ 1encountered him
1713ACT1718dnj8τινες ἔλεγον 1Some said
1714ACT1718g4bvfigs-metaphorτί ἂν θέλοι ὁ σπερμολόγος οὗτος 1What is this babbler
1715ACT1718k2psοἱ 1Others said
1716ACT1718l41tδοκεῖ καταγγελεὺς 1He seems to be one who calls people to follow
1717ACT1718sx9tξένων δαιμονίων 1strange gods
1718ACT1719fs5gfigs-exclusive0General Information:
1719ACT1719mv8cἐπιλαβόμενοί τε αὐτοῦ, ἐπὶ τὸν Ἄρειον Πάγον ἤγαγο 1They took ... brought him

This does not mean they arrested Paul. The philosophers invited Paul to speak formally to their leaders.

1720ACT1719b56gfigs-metonymyἐπὶ τὸν Ἄρειον Πάγον 1to the Areopagus
1721ACT1719ze7eτὸν Ἄρειον Πάγον ... λέγοντες 1the Areopagus, saying
1722ACT1719unc8translate-namesἌρειον Πάγον 1Areopagus

This is a prominent rock outcropping or hill in Athens upon which the supreme court of Athens may have met. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1723ACT1720lay8figs-metaphorξενίζοντα γάρ τινα εἰσφέρεις εἰς τὰς ἀκοὰς ἡμῶν 1For you bring some strange things to our ears
1724ACT1721dn1tfigs-hyperboleἈθηναῖοι δὲ πάντες καὶ οἱ ἐπιδημοῦντες ξένοι 1Now all the Athenians and the strangers living there
1725ACT1721d8ybtranslate-namesἈθηναῖοι ... πάντες 1all the Athenians
1726ACT1721m8u1οἱ ... ξένοι 1the strangers
1727ACT1721sk5bfigs-metaphorεἰς οὐδὲν ἕτερον ηὐκαίρουν, ἢ λέγειν τι ἢ ἀκούειν 1spent their time in nothing but either telling or listening
1728ACT1721ij4efigs-hyperboleεἰς οὐδὲν ἕτερον ηὐκαίρουν, ἢ λέγειν τι ἢ ἀκούειν 1spent their time in nothing but either telling or listening
1729ACT1721wr1rλέγειν τι ἢ ἀκούειν τι καινότερον 1telling or listening about something new
1730ACT1722zq3y0General Information:

Paul begins his speech to the philosophers on the Areopagus.

1731ACT1722ja1kκατὰ πάντα ... δεισιδαιμονεστέρους 1very religious in every way

Paul is referring to the Athenians' public display of honoring the gods through prayers, building altars, and offering sacrifices.

1732ACT1723gn1jδιερχόμενος γὰρ 1For as I passed along
1733ACT1723cem7ἀγνώστῳ‘ Θεῷ 1To an Unknown God
1734ACT1724m1jmτὸν κόσμον 1the world
1735ACT1724rqk9οὗτος ... ὑπάρχων Κύριος 1since he is Lord
1736ACT1724f2mzfigs-merismοὐρανοῦ καὶ γῆς 1of heaven and earth
1737ACT1724ju4hfigs-synecdocheχειροποιήτοις1built with hands
1738ACT1725e3dgfigs-activepassiveοὐδὲ ὑπὸ χειρῶν ἀνθρωπίνων θεραπεύεται 1Neither is he served by men's hands
1739ACT1725yq68figs-synecdocheὑπὸ χειρῶν ἀνθρωπίνων 1by men's hands
1740ACT1725sj89figs-rpronounsαὐτὸς διδοὺς 1since he himself
1741ACT1726r3ltfigs-inclusive0General Information:
1742ACT1726p1e4ἑνὸς1one man
1743ACT1726js4pὁρίσας προστεταγμένους καιροὺς καὶ τὰς ὁροθεσίας τῆς κατοικίας αὐτῶν 1having determined their appointed seasons and the boundaries of their living areas
1744ACT1727jae5figs-metaphorζητεῖν τὸν Θεὸν, εἰ ἄρα γε ψηλαφήσειαν αὐτὸν καὶ εὕροιεν 1so that they should search for God and perhaps they may feel their way toward him and find him
1745ACT1727p8hkfigs-litotesκαί γε οὐ μακρὰν ἀπὸ ἑνὸς ἑκάστου ἡμῶν ὑπάρχοντα 1Yet he is not far from each one of us
1746ACT1728tkd3figs-inclusive0General Information:
1747ACT1728cbd9ἐν αὐτῷ γὰρ 1For in him
1748ACT1729k9wsfigs-metaphorγένος ... ὑπάρχοντες τοῦ Θεοῦ 1are God's offspring

Because God created everyone, all people are spoken of as if they were God's literal children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1749ACT1729czi9figs-metonymyτὸ θεῖον 1qualities of deity
1750ACT1729q4q2figs-activepassiveχαράγματι τέχνης καὶ ἐνθυμήσεως ἀνθρώπου 1images created by the art and imagination of man
1751ACT1730y2u80General Information:
1752ACT1730zj280Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes his speech to the philosophers in the Areopagus, which he began in Acts 17:22.

1753ACT1730suh6οὖν1Therefore
1754ACT1730iva4χρόνους τῆς ἀγνοίας ὑπεριδὼν ὁ Θεὸς 1God overlooked the times of ignorance
1755ACT1730h8uyχρόνους τῆς ἀγνοίας 1times of ignorance

This refers to the time before God fully revealed himself through Jesus Christ and before people truly knew how to obey God.

1756ACT1730qim5figs-gendernotationsτοῖς ἀνθρώποις πάντας 1all men
1757ACT1731htp7ἐν ᾗ μέλλει κρίνειν τὴν οἰκουμένην ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ, ἐν ἀνδρὶ ᾧ ὥρισεν 1when he will judge the world in righteousness by the man he has chosen
1758ACT1731jt3afigs-metonymyμέλλει κρίνειν τὴν οἰκουμένην 1he will judge the world
1759ACT1731i9awἐν δικαιοσύνῃ 1in righteousness
1760ACT1731l61pπίστιν παρασχὼν 1God has given proof of this man
1761ACT1731ulr4ἐκ νεκρῶν 1from the dead

From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To come back from among them speaks of becoming alive again.

1762ACT1732tc8tfigs-exclusive0General Information:
1763ACT1732c4smwriting-endofstory0

This is the end of the part of the story about Paul in Athens. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])

1764ACT1732nb26δὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Luke shifts from Paul's teachings to the reaction of the people of Athens.

1765ACT1732jlm5ἀκούσαντες1when they heard of

These are the people who were present at the Areopagus listening to Paul.

1766ACT1732sn6jοἱ μὲν ἐχλεύαζον 1some mocked Paul
1767ACT1734psh8translate-namesΔιονύσιος ὁ Ἀρεοπαγίτης 1Dionysius the Areopagite

Dionysius is a man's name. Areopagite implies that Dionysius was one of the judges at the council of Areopagus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1768ACT1734hsz3translate-namesΔάμαρις1Damaris

This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1769ACT18introrky60

Acts 18 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

The baptism of John

Some Jews who lived far away from Jerusalem and Judea had heard of John the Baptist and followed his teachings. They had not yet heard about Jesus. One of these Jews was Apollos. He followed John the Baptist, but he did not know that the Messiah had come. John had baptized people to show that they were sorry for their sins, but this baptism was different from Christian baptism. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])

1770ACT181jat1writing-background0General Information:

Aquila and Priscilla are introduced to the story and verses 2 and 3 give background information about them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1771ACT181qa9b0Connecting Statement:

This is another part of the story of Paul's travels as he goes to Corinth.

1772ACT181fky7μετὰ ταῦτα 1After these things
1773ACT181h2siἐκ τῶν Ἀθηνῶν 1Athens

Athens was one of the most important cities in Greece. See how you translated this in Acts 17:15.

1774ACT182d9zxκαὶ εὑρών 1There he met

Possible meanings are that 1) Paul happened to find by chance or 2) Paul intentionally found.

1775ACT182hm16writing-participantsτινα Ἰουδαῖον ὀνόματι Ἀκύλαν 1a Jew named Aquila
1776ACT182y97ptranslate-namesΠοντικὸν τῷ γένει 1a native of Pontus

Pontus was a province on the southern coast of the Black Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1777ACT182q4vaπροσφάτως ἐληλυθότα 1had recently come

This is probably sometime in the past year.

1778ACT182n631translate-namesτῆς Ἰταλίας 1Italy

This is the name of land. Rome is the capital city of Italy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1779ACT182n95fτὸ διατεταχέναι Κλαύδιον 1Claudius had commanded

Claudius was the current Roman emperor. See how you translated this in Acts 11:28.

1780ACT183q259τὸ ὁμότεχνον εἶναι 1he worked at the same trade
1781ACT184r56h0General Information:

Silas and Timothy rejoin Paul.

1782ACT184h3azδιελέγετο δὲ 1So Paul reasoned
1783ACT184r2gpἔπειθέν τε Ἰουδαίους καὶ Ἕλληνας 1He persuaded both Jews and Greeks
1784ACT185d191figs-activepassiveσυνείχετο τῷ λόγῳ ὁ Παῦλος 1Paul devoted himself to the word
1785ACT186ncx8translate-symactionἐκτιναξάμενος τὰ ἱμάτια 1shook out his garment

This is a symbolic action to indicate that Paul will no longer try to teach the Jews there about Jesus. He is leaving them to God's judgment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

1786ACT186z12afigs-metonymyτὸ αἷμα ὑμῶν ἐπὶ τὴν κεφαλὴν ὑμῶν 1May your blood be upon your own heads
1787ACT187cd3u0General Information:
1788ACT187vs6ytranslate-namesΤιτίου Ἰούστου 1Titius Justus

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1789ACT187v8xgσεβομένου τὸν Θεόν 1worshiped God

A worshiper of God is a Gentile who gives praise to God and follows him but does not necessarily obey all of the Jewish laws.

1790ACT188lj2ttranslate-namesΚρίσπος1Crispus

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1791ACT188kkk9ἀρχισυνάγωγος1leader of the synagogue

a layperson who sponsored and administered the synagogue, not necessarily the teacher

1792ACT188uaq5figs-metonymyὅλῳ τῷ οἴκῳ αὐτοῦ 1all those who lived in his house
1793ACT188t3npfigs-activepassiveἐβαπτίζοντο1were baptized
1794ACT189ws7pfigs-parallelismμὴ φοβοῦ, ἀλλὰ λάλει καὶ μὴ σιωπήσῃς 1Do not be afraid, but speak and do not be silent
1795ACT189zg8afigs-doubletλάλει καὶ μὴ σιωπήσῃς 1speak and do not be silent
1796ACT189a529figs-explicitμὴ σιωπήσῃς 1do not be silent
1797ACT1810a8lqλαός ἐστί μοι πολὺς ἐν τῇ πόλει ταύτῃ 1I have many people in this city
1798ACT1811mqx2writing-endofstoryἐκάθισεν δὲ ἐνιαυτὸν καὶ μῆνας ἓξ, διδάσκων ἐν αὐτοῖς τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1Paul lived there ... teaching the word of God among them
1799ACT1812f41ktranslate-names0General Information:

Achaia was the Roman province in which Corinth was located. Corinth was the largest city in southern Greece and the capital of the province. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1800ACT1812b5bf0Connecting Statement:

The unbelieving Jews bring Paul to the judgment seat before Gallio.

1801ACT1812se8mtranslate-namesΓαλλίωνος1Gallio

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1802ACT1812j762figs-synecdocheοἱ Ἰουδαῖοι 1the Jews

This stands for the Jewish leaders that did not believe in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

1803ACT1812lp79κατεπέστησαν ὁμοθυμαδὸν 1rose up together
1804ACT1812u36cfigs-metonymyἤγαγον αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τὸ βῆμα 1brought him before the judgment seat
1805ACT1814d13bεἶπεν ὁ Γαλλίων 1Gallio said

Gallio was the Roman governor of the Province.

1806ACT1815y6mtνόμου τοῦ καθ’ ὑμᾶς 1your own law
1807ACT1815khr5κριτὴς ἐγὼ τούτων οὐ βούλομαι εἶναι 1I do not wish to be a judge of these matters
1808ACT1816yf810General Information:
1809ACT1816d6nhfigs-metonymyἀπήλασεν αὐτοὺς ἀπὸ τοῦ βήματος 1Gallio made them leave the judgment seat
1810ACT1817cyk6figs-hyperboleἐπιλαβόμενοι ... πάντες 1they all seized
1811ACT1817mj77ἐπιλαβόμενοι δὲ πάντες Σωσθένην τὸν ἀρχισυνάγωγον, ἔτυπτον ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ βήματος 1So they all seized Sosthenes, the ruler of the synagogue, and beat him in front of the judgment seat

Possible meanings are 1) the Gentiles beat Sosthenes in the court in front of the judgment seat because he was the Jewish leader or 2) it is possible that Sosthenes was a believer in Christ, so the Jews beat him in front of the court.

1812ACT1817x9w5translate-namesΣωσθένην τὸν ἀρχισυνάγωγον 1Sosthenes, the ruler of the synagogue
1813ACT1817z9fvἔτυπτον1beat him
1814ACT1818x25wtranslate-names0General Information:
1815ACT1818ura90Connecting Statement:
1816ACT1818et8cfigs-gendernotationsτοῖς ἀδελφοῖς ἀποταξάμενος 1left the brothers
1817ACT1818v5klἐξέπλει εἰς τὴν Συρίαν, καὶ σὺν αὐτῷ Πρίσκιλλα καὶ Ἀκύλας 1sailed for Syria with Priscilla and Aquila

Paul got on a ship that sailed for Syria. Priscilla and Aquila went with him.

1818ACT1818kq6ftranslate-symactionΚειράμενος ... τὴν κεφαλήν, εἶχεν γὰρ εὐχήν 1he had his hair cut off because of a vow he had taken
1819ACT1819st93διελέξατο τοῖς 1reasoned with
1820ACT1820u44s0General Information:
1821ACT1821iz1uἀποταξάμενος1taking his leave of them
1822ACT1822pr6u0General Information:

Phrygia is a province in Asia which is now modern day Turkey. See how you translated this in Acts 2:10.

1823ACT1822p3640Connecting Statement:

Paul continues his missionary journey.

1824ACT1822gyy4κατελθὼν εἰς Καισάρειαν 1landed at Caesarea
1825ACT1822r26zἀναβὰς1he went up
1826ACT1822q9j6figs-metonymyἀσπασάμενος τὴν ἐκκλησίαν 1greeted the Jerusalem church
1827ACT1822n3rhκατέβη1then went down
1828ACT1823pww5ἐξῆλθεν1Paul departed
1829ACT1823h65jfigs-metaphorκαὶ ποιήσας χρόνον τινὰ 1After having spent some time there
1830ACT1824a7p9writing-background0General Information:

Apollos is introduced to the story. Verses 24 and 25 give background information about him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1831ACT1824muc20Connecting Statement:

Luke tells what happens in Ephesus with Priscilla and Aquila.

1832ACT1824xqy7δέ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line.

1833ACT1824n2b4writing-participantsἸουδαῖος ... τις Ἀπολλῶς ὀνόματι 1a certain Jew named Apollos
1834ACT1824di14translate-namesἈλεξανδρεὺς τῷ γένει 1an Alexandrian by birth
1835ACT1824t4ziλόγιος1eloquent in speech
1836ACT1824bh25δυνατὸς ὢν ἐν ταῖς Γραφαῖς 1mighty in the scriptures
1837ACT1825z7a8figs-activepassiveοὗτος ἦν κατηχημένος τὴν ὁδὸν τοῦ Κυρίου 1Apollos had been instructed in the teachings of the Lord
1838ACT1825ift8figs-synecdocheκαὶ ζέων τῷ πνεύματι 1Being fervent in spirit
1839ACT1825lr1hτὸ βάπτισμα Ἰωάννου 1the baptism of John
1840ACT1826ga6vfigs-metaphorτὴν ὁδὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1the way of God

How God wants people to live is spoken of as if it were a road that a person travels. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1841ACT1826k1lbἀκριβέστερον1more accurately
1842ACT1827c2sq0General Information:
1843ACT1827ll36διελθεῖν εἰς τὴν Ἀχαΐαν 1to pass over into Achaia
1844ACT1827pql7τὴν Ἀχαΐαν 1Achaia

Achaia was a Roman Province in the southern section of Greece. See how you translated this in Acts 18:12.

1845ACT1827v2i6figs-gendernotationsἀδελφοὶ1brothers
1846ACT1827q5f2ἔγραψαν τοῖς μαθηταῖς 1wrote to the disciples
1847ACT1827f99pτοῖς πεπιστευκόσιν διὰ τῆς χάριτος 1those who believed by grace
1848ACT1828l2ztεὐτόνως ... τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις διακατηλέγχετο δημοσίᾳ 1Apollos powerfully refuted the Jews in public debate
1849ACT1828v4sxἐπιδεικνὺς διὰ τῶν Γραφῶν εἶναι τὸν Χριστὸν, Ἰησοῦν 1showing by the scriptures that Jesus is the Christ
1850ACT19introg38y0

Acts 19 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Baptism

John baptized people to show that they were sorry for their sins. Jesus' followers baptized people who wanted to follow Jesus.

Temple of Diana

The temple of Diana was an important place in the city of Ephesus. Many people came to Ephesus to see this temple, and they bought statues of the goddess Diana while they were there. The people who sold statues of Diana were afraid that if people did not believe Diana was a real goddess, they would stop giving the sellers money for statues.

1851ACT191rhv10General Information:
1852ACT191wu6p0Connecting Statement:

Paul travels to Ephesus.

1853ACT191lp23ἐγένετο δὲ 1It came about that

This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

1854ACT191ati9διελθόντα1passed through
1855ACT192wqi4Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον ἐλάβετε 1receive the Holy Spirit

This means to have the Holy Spirit come upon them.

1856ACT192nvn4οὐδ’ εἰ Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον ἔστιν ἠκούσαμεν 1we did not even hear about the Holy Spirit
1857ACT193hml10General Information:
1858ACT193mrm6figs-activepassiveεἰς τί οὖν ἐβαπτίσθητε 1Into what then were you baptized?
1859ACT193jzp7figs-ellipsisοὐδ’ εἰ Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον ἔστιν ἠκούσαμεν 1Into John's baptism
1860ACT194r46yfigs-abstractnounsβάπτισμα μετανοίας 1the baptism of repentance
1861ACT194pv7tτὸν ἐρχόμενον 1the one who would come
1862ACT194q5fhτὸν ἐρχόμενον μετ’ αὐτὸν 1come after him

This means to come after John the Baptist in time and not following after him physically.

1863ACT195zx2b0Connecting Statement:

Paul continues staying in Ephesus.

1864ACT195k9stἀκούσαντες δὲ 1When the people
1865ACT195ueh1figs-activepassiveἐβαπτίσθησαν1they were baptized
1866ACT195g2dmfigs-metonymyεἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ 1in the name of the Lord Jesus
1867ACT196gk8lἐπιθέντος αὐτοῖς τοῦ Παύλου χεῖρας 1laid his hands on them
1868ACT196j4n8ἐλάλουν τε γλώσσαις καὶ ἐπροφήτευον 1they spoke in other languages and prophesied

Unlike in Acts 2:3-4, there are no details of who understood their messages.

1869ACT197e7kjwriting-backgroundἦσαν δὲ οἱ πάντες ἄνδρες ὡσεὶ δώδεκα 1In all they were about twelve men

This tells how many men were baptized. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1870ACT197u71itranslate-numbersἄνδρες ... δώδεκα 1twelve men
1871ACT198qv8zεἰσελθὼν ... εἰς τὴν συναγωγὴν, ἐπαρρησιάζετο ἐπὶ μῆνας τρεῖς 1Paul went into the synagogue and spoke boldly for three months
1872ACT198yky2διαλεγόμενος καὶ πείθων 1reasoning and persuading them
1873ACT198v8etfigs-metonymyπερὶ τῆς Βασιλείας τοῦ Θεοῦ 1about the kingdom of God
1874ACT199mq1gfigs-metaphorτινες ἐσκληρύνοντο καὶ ἠπείθουν 1some Jews were hardened and disobedient
1875ACT199n6irfigs-metaphorκακολογοῦντες τὴν ὁδὸν ἐνώπιον τοῦ πλήθους 1to speak evil of the Way before the crowd
1876ACT199ts8dκακολογοῦντες 1to speak evil of
1877ACT199xsm6ἐν τῇ σχολῇ Τυράννου 1in the lecture hall of Tyrannus
1878ACT199den4translate-namesΤυράννου1Tyrannus

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1879ACT1910cw5gfigs-hyperboleπάντας τοὺς κατοικοῦντας τὴν Ἀσίαν ἀκοῦσαι τὸν λόγον τοῦ Κυρίου 1all who lived in Asia heard the word of the Lord
1880ACT1910kj12figs-metonymyτὸν λόγον τοῦ Κυρίου 1the word of the Lord
1881ACT1911cb6w0General Information:
1882ACT1911fa6hfigs-synecdocheδυνάμεις τε οὐ τὰς τυχούσας, ὁ Θεὸς ἐποίει διὰ τῶν χειρῶν Παύλου 1God was doing mighty deeds by the hands of Paul
1883ACT1912m3klκαὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀσθενοῦντας ἀποφέρεσθαι ἀπὸ τοῦ χρωτὸς αὐτοῦ σουδάρια ἢ σιμικίνθια, καὶ 1even handkerchiefs and aprons that had touched him were taken to the sick and
1884ACT1912vc1vκαὶ ... ἀπὸ τοῦ χρωτὸς αὐτοῦ σουδάρια ἢ σιμικίνθια 1even handkerchiefs and aprons that had touched him

Possible meanings are 1) these were cloth items that Paul had touched or 2) these were cloth items that Paul had worn or used.

1885ACT1912aks4σουδάρια1handkerchiefs

cloths worn around the head

1886ACT1912xs31σιμικίνθια1aprons

clothing worn on the front of the body to protect the clothes of people

1887ACT1912kw9zfigs-nominaladjτοὺς ἀσθενοῦντας 1the sick
1888ACT1912nl3aἀπαλλάσσεσθαι ἀπ’ αὐτῶν τὰς νόσους 1their illnesses left them
1889ACT1913he2x0General Information:

This is the beginning of another event that happened while Paul was in Ephesus. It is about Jewish exorcists.

1890ACT1913fgq4ἐξορκιστῶν1exorcists

people who send evil spirits away from people or places

1891ACT1913s12ufigs-metonymyτὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ 1the name of the Lord Jesus
1892ACT1913d59pτὸν Ἰησοῦν, ὃν Παῦλος κηρύσσει 1By the Jesus whom Paul proclaims
1893ACT1913vqt1figs-metonymyτὸν Ἰησοῦν 1By the Jesus
1894ACT1914cb8ptranslate-namesΣκευᾶ1Sceva

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1895ACT1915i4a2τὸν Ἰησοῦν γινώσκω, καὶ τὸν Παῦλον ἐπίσταμαι 1Jesus I know, and Paul I know
1896ACT1915nsl1figs-rquestionὑμεῖς δὲ τίνες ἐστέ 1but who are you?
1897ACT1916ty4xφαλόμενος ὁ ἄνθρωπος ..., ἐν ᾧ ἦν τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ πονηρὸν 1The evil spirit in the man leaped

This means that the evil spirit caused the man whom it was controlling to leap on the exorcists.

1898ACT1916lu7uαὐτοὺς1exorcists

This refers to people who send evil spirits from people or places. See how you translated this in Acts 19:13.

1899ACT1916b8cbγυμνοὺς ... ἐκφυγεῖν 1they fled ... naked

The exorcists fled with their clothes ripped off them.

1900ACT1917j85hfigs-activepassiveἐμεγαλύνετο τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ 1the name of the Lord Jesus was honored
1901ACT1917j2hhfigs-metonymyτὸ ὄνομα 1the name

This stands for the power and authority of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1902ACT1918tj8twriting-endofstory0

This ends the story about the Jewish exorcists. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])

1903ACT1919z9rjσυνενέγκαντες τὰς βίβλους 1brought their books
1904ACT1919m6nfἐνώπιον πάντων 1in the sight of everyone
1905ACT1919upz3τὰς τιμὰς αὐτῶν 1the value of them
1906ACT1919u9pitranslate-numbersμυριάδας πέντε 1fifty thousand
1907ACT1919bcv2translate-bmoneyἀργυρίου1pieces of silver
1908ACT1920es71figs-synecdocheοὕτως κατὰ κράτος τοῦ Κυρίου ὁ λόγος ηὔξανεν καὶ ἴσχυεν 1So the word of the Lord spread very widely in powerful ways
1909ACT1921k1j10Connecting Statement:

Paul talks about going Jerusalem but does not leave Ephesus yet.

1910ACT1921de4fδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Luke starts to tell a new part of the story.

1911ACT1921q18bἐπληρώθη ταῦτα ... ὁ Παῦλος 1Paul completed his ministry in Ephesus
1912ACT1921fgq5ἔθετο ... ἐν τῷ Πνεύματι 1he decided in the Spirit

Possible meanings are 1) Paul decided with the help of the Holy Spirit or 2) Paul decided within his own spirit, which means he made up his mind.

1913ACT1921brb7Ἀχαΐαν1Achaia

Achaia was the Roman province in which Corinth was located. It was the largest city in southern Greece and the capital of the province. See how you translated this in Acts 18:12.

1914ACT1921rdz4δεῖ με καὶ Ῥώμην ἰδεῖν 1I must also see Rome
1915ACT1922cy6ftranslate-namesἜραστον1Erastus

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1916ACT1922k35jfigs-explicitαὐτὸς ἐπέσχεν χρόνον εἰς τὴν Ἀσίαν 1But he himself stayed in Asia for a while

It is made explicit in the next few verses that Paul remains in Ephesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1917ACT1922uy9xfigs-rpronounsαὐτὸς1he himself

This is repeated for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])

1918ACT1923y5aewriting-background0General Information:
1919ACT1923l7gz0Connecting Statement:

Luke tells about a riot that broke out while Paul was in Ephesus.

1920ACT1923kn49ἐγένετο ... τάραχος οὐκ ὀλίγος περὶ τῆς ὁδοῦ 1there was no small disturbance in Ephesus concerning the Way

This is a summary opening statement.

1921ACT1923nb3pἐγένετο ... τάραχος οὐκ ὀλίγος 1there was no small disturbance
1922ACT1923rwf2τῆς ὁδοῦ 1the Way

This was a term used to refer to Christianity. See how you translated this title in Acts 9:1.

1923ACT1924cg16writing-participantsΔημήτριος ... τις ὀνόματι ἀργυροκόπος 1A certain silversmith named Demetrius
1924ACT1924nwt7ἀργυροκόπος1silversmith

a craftsman who works with silver metal to make statues and jewelry

1925ACT1924v8cbtranslate-namesΔημήτριος ... ὀνόματι 1named Demetrius

This is the name of a man. Demetrius was a silversmith in Ephesus who was against Paul and the local church. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1926ACT1924p58mπαρείχετο ... οὐκ ὀλίγην ἐργασίαν 1brought in much business
1927ACT1925kuz6τοὺς περὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα ἐργάτας 1the workmen of that occupation
1928ACT1926w5z60Connecting Statement:

Demetrius continues to speak to the craftsmen.

1929ACT1926rm6wθεωρεῖτε καὶ ἀκούετε ὅτι 1You see and hear that
1930ACT1926rx32figs-metaphorμετέστησεν ἱκανὸν ὄχλον 1turned away many people
1931ACT1926z7e7figs-ellipsisλέγων ὅτι οὐκ εἰσὶν θεοὶ, οἱ διὰ χειρῶν γινόμενοι 1He is saying that there are no gods that are made with hands
1932ACT1927r1w2figs-activepassiveτοῦτο κινδυνεύει ἡμῖν, τὸ μέρος εἰς ἀπελεγμὸν ἐλθεῖν 1that our trade will no longer be needed
1933ACT1927j3bbfigs-activepassiveτὸ τῆς μεγάλης θεᾶς Ἀρτέμιδος ἱερὸν, εἰς οὐθὲν λογισθῆναι 1the temple of the great goddess Artemis may be considered worthless
1934ACT1927bqt4μέλλειν τε καὶ καθαιρεῖσθαι τῆς μεγαλειότητος αὐτῆς 1she would even lose her greatness

Artemis's greatness only comes from what people think of her.

1935ACT1927hz7lfigs-hyperboleἣν ὅλη ἡ Ἀσία καὶ ἡ οἰκουμένη σέβεται 1whom all Asia and the world worships
1936ACT1928t4lm0General Information:
1937ACT1928uc5cfigs-metaphorγενόμενοι πλήρεις θυμοῦ 1they were filled with anger
1938ACT1928lcx8ἔκραζον1cried out
1939ACT1929t7xsfigs-metonymyἐπλήσθη ἡ πόλις τῆς συγχύσεως 1The whole city was filled with confusion
1940ACT1929nt7yὥρμησάν τε ὁμοθυμαδὸν 1the people rushed together

This was a mob or near riot situation.

1941ACT1929ej3qεἰς τὸ θέατρον 1into the theater

The Ephesus theater was used for public meetings and for entertainment such as plays and music. It was an outdoor semi-circular area with bench seats that could hold thousands of people.

1942ACT1929hjc8συνεκδήμους Παύλου 1Paul's travel companions

The men who had been with Paul.

1943ACT1929d6r9translate-namesΓάϊον καὶ Ἀρίσταρχον 1Gaius and Aristarchus

These are names of men. Gaius and Aristarchus came from Macedonia but were working with Paul in Ephesus at this time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1944ACT1930ii1u0General Information:

Ephesus was part of the Roman empire and in the province of Asia.

1945ACT1931z7wwδοῦναι ... εἰς τὸ θέατρον 1enter the theater
1946ACT1933jr85translate-namesἈλέξανδρον1Alexander

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1947ACT1933j1mifigs-explicitκατασείσας τὴν χεῖρα 1motioned with his hand
1948ACT1933tlq7ἀπολογεῖσθαι1to give a defense
1949ACT1934u1hpfigs-metaphorφωνὴ ... μία 1with one voice
1950ACT1935fm3mfigs-you0General Information:
1951ACT1935pu960Connecting Statement:

The clerk of Ephesus speaks to quiet the crowd.

1952ACT1935sy9mὁ γραμματεὺς 1the town clerk
1953ACT1935sd3sfigs-rquestionτίς ... ἐστιν ἀνθρώπων, ὃς οὐ γινώσκει τὴν Ἐφεσίων πόλιν νεωκόρον οὖσαν τῆς μεγάλης Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ τοῦ διοπετοῦ 1what man is there who does not know that the city of the Ephesians is temple keeper ... heaven?
1954ACT1935k8dyfigs-litotesὃς οὐ γινώσκει 1who does not know
1955ACT1935hiw3νεωκόρον1temple keeper

The Ephesian people maintained and guarded the temple of Artemis.

1956ACT1935afd1τοῦ διοπετοῦς 1the image which fell down from heaven

Within the temple of Artemis was an image of the goddess. It had been fashioned from a meteorite which fell from the sky. People thought that his rock had come directly from Zeus, the ruler of the Greek gods (idols).

1957ACT1936r8cfἀναντιρρήτων οὖν ὄντων τούτων 1Seeing then that these things are undeniable
1958ACT1936xj2nμηδὲν προπετὲς πράσσειν 1do nothing rash
1959ACT1936s67qπροπετὲς1rash

without careful thought

1960ACT1937s8a9τοὺς ἄνδρας τούτους 1these men
1961ACT1938wgv50Connecting Statement:

The town clerk finishes speaking to the crowd.

1962ACT1938qd4sοὖν1Therefore
1963ACT1938zkx5figs-abstractnounsἔχουσιν πρός τινα λόγον 1have an accusation against anyone
1964ACT1938szf7translate-unknownἀνθύπατοί1proconsuls

the Roman governor's representatives who made legal decisions in court (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

1965ACT1938g8tpἐγκαλείτωσαν ἀλλήλοις 1Let them accuse one another
1966ACT1939hxh3εἰ δέ τι περὶ ἑτέρων ἐπιζητεῖτε 1But if you seek anything about other matters
1967ACT1939wga5figs-activepassiveἐν τῇ ἐννόμῳ ἐκκλησίᾳ ἐπιλυθήσεται 1it shall be settled in the regular assembly
1968ACT1939et5jτῇ ἐννόμῳ ἐκκλησίᾳ 1the regular assembly

This refers to a public gathering of citizens over which the county clerk presided.

1969ACT1940sds7figs-activepassiveκινδυνεύομεν ἐνκαλεῖσθαι στάσεως περὶ τῆς σήμερον 1in danger of being accused concerning this day's riot
1970ACT20introu91c0
1971ACT201cwq70Connecting Statement:

Paul leaves Ephesus and continues his travels.

1972ACT201y5cqμετὰ δὲ τὸ παύσασθαι 1After the uproar
1973ACT201hr32ἀσπασάμενος1he said farewell
1974ACT202edb8παρακαλέσας αὐτοὺς λόγῳ πολλῷ 1spoken many words of encouragement to them
1975ACT203yxj3figs-metaphorποιήσας τε μῆνας τρεῖς 1After he had spent three months there
1976ACT203cit9figs-activepassiveγενομένης ἐπιβουλῆς αὐτῷ ὑπὸ τῶν Ἰουδαίων 1a plot was formed against him by the Jews
1977ACT203ah5wfigs-synecdocheὑπὸ τῶν Ἰουδαίων 1by the Jews
1978ACT203m7naμέλλοντι ἀνάγεσθαι εἰς τὴν Συρίαν 1as he was about to sail for Syria
1979ACT204y35xfigs-exclusive0General Information:
1980ACT204c9etσυνείπετο δὲ αὐτῷ 1Accompanying him
1981ACT204dw6jtranslate-namesΣώπατρος ... Πύρρου ... Σεκοῦνδος, ... Τυχικὸς ... Τρόφιμος 1Sopater ... Pyrrhus ... Secundus ... Tychicus ... Trophimus

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1982ACT204w4n1translate-namesΒεροιαῖος ... Δερβαῖος 1Berea ... Derbe

These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1983ACT204w8j6Ἀρίσταρχος ... Γάϊος 1Aristarchus ... Gaius

These are names of men. See how you translated these names in Acts 19:29.

1984ACT205itz1translate-namesΤρῳάδι1Troas

This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1985ACT205kv8tοὗτοι ... προσελθόντες 1these men had gone before us
1986ACT206l5drτὰς ἡμέρας τῶν Ἀζύμων 1the days of unleavened bread

This refers to a time of Jewish religious feast time during the Passover season. See how you translated this in Acts 12:3.

1987ACT207dnt4figs-exclusive0General Information:
1988ACT207mbr80Connecting Statement:

Luke tells about Paul's preaching in Troas and about what happened to Eutychus.

1989ACT207zff8figs-synecdocheκλάσαι ἄρτον 1to break bread
1990ACT207j888παρέτεινέν τε τὸν λόγον 1he kept speaking
1991ACT208ak8zὑπερῴῳ1upper room

This may have been the third floor house.

1992ACT209hw7b0General Information:
1993ACT209v5q7ἐπὶ τῆς θυρίδος 1In the window

This was an opening in the wall with a ledge that was wide enough on which a person could sit.

1994ACT209ju64translate-namesΕὔτυχος1Eutychus

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1995ACT209tsp4figs-metaphorκαταφερόμενος ὕπνῳ βαθεῖ 1who fell into a deep sleep
1996ACT209jp89figs-activepassiveτριστέγου ... καὶ ἤρθη νεκρός 1third story and was picked up dead
1997ACT209kh3hτριστέγου1third story
1998ACT2011av7m0General Information:
1999ACT2011lih80Connecting Statement:

This is the end of the part of the story about Paul's preaching at Troas and about Eutychus.

2000ACT2011w5w8figs-synecdocheκλάσας τὸν ἄρτον 1broke bread
2001ACT2011t88cοὕτως ἐξῆλθεν 1he left
2002ACT2012jkj5τὸν παῖδα 1the boy
2003ACT2013dja7figs-exclusive0General Information:
2004ACT2013awt90Connecting Statement:

The writer Luke, Paul, and his other companions continue their travels; however, Paul goes separately for part of the trip.

2005ACT2013w4ewfigs-rpronounsἡμεῖς ... προελθόντες 1We ourselves went
2006ACT2013q4yztranslate-namesἀνήχθημεν ἐπὶ τὴν Ἆσσον 1sailed away to Assos

Assos is a town located directly below present day Behram in Turkey on the coast of the Aegean sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2007ACT2013nq2qfigs-rpronounsδιατεταγμένος1he himself desired

Himself is used to emphasize that this is what Paul wanted. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])

2008ACT2013p8y7πεζεύειν1to go by land
2009ACT2014ju8ftranslate-namesἤλθομεν εἰς Μιτυλήνην 1went to Mitylene

Mitylene is a town located in present day Mitilini in Turkey on the coast of the Aegean sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2010ACT2015ll2hfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2011ACT2015e6vaἄντικρυς Χίου 1opposite the island
2012ACT2015ulk6translate-namesΧίου1the island of Chios

Chios is an island off the coast of modern day Turkey in the Aegean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2013ACT2015jyr7παρεβάλομεν εἰς Σάμον 1we touched at the island of Samos
2014ACT2015b6c6translate-namesΣάμον1island of Samos

Samos is an island south of Chios in the Aegean Sea off the coast of modern day Turkey. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2015ACT2015s7g2translate-namesΜίλητον1the city of Miletus

Miletus was a port city in western Asia Minor near the mouth of the Meander River. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2016ACT2016p272translate-namesκεκρίκει γὰρ ὁ Παῦλος παραπλεῦσαι τὴν Ἔφεσον 1For Paul had decided to sail past Ephesus

Paul sailed south past the port city of Ephesus, further south in order to land at Miletus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2017ACT2016p61efigs-metaphorὅπως μὴ γένηται αὐτῷ χρονοτριβῆσαι 1so that he would not spend any time
2018ACT2017nw52figs-inclusive0General Information:
2019ACT2017v9al0Connecting Statement:

Paul calls the elders of the church of Ephesus and begins to speak to them.

2020ACT2017l9ajtranslate-namesτῆς Μιλήτου 1Miletus

Miletus was a port city in western Asia Minor near the mouth of the Meander River. See how you translated this in Acts 20:15. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2021ACT2018b6lifigs-rpronounsὑμεῖς1You yourselves
2022ACT2018vw6nfigs-synecdocheἐπέβην εἰς τὴν Ἀσίαν 1I set foot in Asia
2023ACT2018t7zsfigs-metaphorπῶς μεθ’ ὑμῶν τὸν πάντα χρόνον ἐγενόμην 1how I always spent my time with you
2024ACT2019m8x9figs-metaphorταπεινοφροσύνης1lowliness of mind
2025ACT2019wh5mfigs-metonymyδακρύων1with tears
2026ACT2019e6k7πειρασμῶν, τῶν συμβάντων μοι 1in sufferings that happened to me
2027ACT2019y5iwfigs-synecdocheτῶν Ἰουδαίων 1of the Jews
2028ACT2020nu7hὡς οὐδὲν ὑπεστειλάμην ... τοῦ μὴ ἀναγγεῖλαι ὑμῖν 1You know how I did not keep back from declaring to you
2029ACT2020kut9figs-ellipsisκατ’ οἴκους 1from house to house
2030ACT2021w7mvfigs-abstractnounsτὴν εἰς Θεὸν μετάνοιαν καὶ πίστιν εἰς τὸν Κύριον ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦν 1about repentance toward God and of faith in our Lord Jesus
2031ACT2022ty3b0General Information:
2032ACT2022vam4figs-activepassiveδεδεμένος ... τῷ Πνεύματι 1compelled by the Spirit
2033ACT2022a9j1τὰ ἐν αὐτῇ συναντήσοντά μοι, μὴ εἰδώς 1not knowing what will happen to me there
2034ACT2023q3iefigs-metonymyδεσμὰ καὶ θλίψεις με μένουσιν 1chains and sufferings await me
2035ACT2024w8d2figs-metaphorὡς τελειῶσαι τὸν δρόμον μου, καὶ τὴν διακονίαν ἣν ἔλαβον παρὰ τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ 1if only I may finish the race and complete the ministry that I received from the Lord Jesus
2036ACT2024m5gcfigs-metaphorτελειῶσαι τὸν δρόμον 1finish the race

Paul speaks about completing the work that Jesus has commanded him to do as if he were running a race. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2037ACT2024hg3lδιαμαρτύρασθαι τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς χάριτος τοῦ Θεοῦ 1to testify to the gospel of the grace of God
2038ACT2025f1sb0Connecting Statement:

Paul continues to talk to the Ephesian elders (Acts 20:17).

2039ACT2025kj9cκαὶ νῦν ἰδοὺ, ἐγὼ οἶδα 1Now look, I know
2040ACT2025z4ngἐγὼ οἶδα ὅτι ... ὑμεῖς πάντες 1I know that you all
2041ACT2025aur9figs-metonymyἐν οἷς διῆλθον κηρύσσων τὴν βασιλείαν 1among whom I went about proclaiming the kingdom
2042ACT2025cq45figs-synecdocheοὐκέτι ὄψεσθε τὸ πρόσωπόν μου 1will see my face no more
2043ACT2026e546figs-metonymyκαθαρός εἰμι ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος πάντων 1I am innocent of the blood of any man
2044ACT2026v5elfigs-gendernotationsπάντων1any man
2045ACT2027qa9yfigs-litotesοὐ γὰρ ὑπεστειλάμην τοῦ μὴ ἀναγγεῖλαι ... ὑμῖν 1For I did not hold back from declaring to you
2046ACT2028u52dfigs-metaphorτῷ ποιμνίῳ, ἐν ᾧ ὑμᾶς τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον ἔθετο ἐπισκόπους, ποιμαίνειν τὴν ἐκκλησίαν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1the flock of which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers. Be careful to shepherd the church of God
2047ACT2028cx69figs-metaphorτὴν ἐκκλησίαν τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἣν περιεποιήσατο διὰ τοῦ αἵματος τοῦ ἰδίου 1the church of God, which he purchased with his own blood
2048ACT2028hjh6figs-metonymyτοῦ αἵματος τοῦ ἰδίου 1his own blood
2049ACT2029ka6ufigs-metaphorεἰσελεύσονται ... λύκοι βαρεῖς εἰς ὑμᾶς, μὴ φειδόμενοι τοῦ ποιμνίου 1vicious wolves will come in among you and will not spare the flock
2050ACT2030ftf4figs-metaphorτοῦ ἀποσπᾶν τοὺς μαθητὰς ὀπίσω ἑαυτῶ 1in order to draw away the disciples after them
2051ACT2031q2nlγρηγορεῖτε, μνημονεύοντες 1be on guard. Remember
2052ACT2031ll64figs-metaphorγρηγορεῖτε1be on guard
2053ACT2031pvt6μνημονεύοντες ὅτι 1Remember that
2054ACT2031rt1hfigs-hyperboleτριετίαν νύκτα καὶ ἡμέραν, οὐκ ἐπαυσάμην ... νουθετῶν 1for three years I did not stop instructing ... night and day

Paul did not teach them continuously for three years, but over the space of three years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

2055ACT2031hs1mοὐκ ἐπαυσάμην ... νουθετῶν 1I did not stop instructing
2056ACT2031rvh6figs-metonymyμετὰ δακρύων 1with tears
2057ACT2032ylm3figs-metonymyπαρατίθεμαι ὑμᾶς τῷ Θεῷ, καὶ τῷ λόγῳ τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ 1I entrust you to God and to the word of his grace
2058ACT2032vnb2παρατίθεμαι1entrust

to give someone else the responsibility of taking care of someone or something

2059ACT2032s7rffigs-metaphorτῷ... δυναμένῳ οἰκοδομῆσαι 1which is able to build you up
2060ACT2032zvz8figs-personificationδοῦναι τὴν κληρονομίαν 1to give you the inheritance
2061ACT2032x5jyfigs-metaphorτὴν κληρονομίαν 1the inheritance

The blessings that God gives believers is spoken of as if they were money or property that a child inherits from his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2062ACT2033y6ii0Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes speaking to the elders of the church of Ephesus; he began to speak them in Acts 20:18.

2063ACT2033yw8aἀργυρίου ... οὐδενὸς ἐπεθύμησα 1I coveted no man's silver
2064ACT2033ipq5ἀργυρίου, ἢ χρυσίου, ἢ ἱματισμοῦ, οὐδενὸς 1man's silver, gold, or clothing

Clothing was considered a treasure; the more you had, the richer you were.

2065ACT2034f5a3figs-rpronounsαὐτοὶ1You yourselves
2066ACT2034ja5vfigs-synecdocheταῖς χρείαις μου ... ὑπηρέτησαν αἱ χεῖρες αὗται 1these hands served my own needs
2067ACT2035wn8jκοπιῶντας δεῖ ἀντιλαμβάνεσθαι τῶν ἀσθενούντων 1you should help the weak by working
2068ACT2035p3n8figs-nominaladjτῶν ἀσθενούντων 1the weak
2069ACT2035dpu1ἀσθενούντων1weak

sick

2070ACT2035ps2ifigs-metonymyτῶν λόγων τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ 1the words of the Lord Jesus
2071ACT2035e396μακάριόν‘ ἐστιν μᾶλλον, διδόναι ἢ λαμβάνειν 1It is more blessed to give than to receive

This means a person receives the favor of God and experiences more joy when he gives to other people rather than always receiving from other people.

2072ACT2036q6bs0Connecting Statement:

Paul ends his time with the elders of the church of Ephesus by praying with them.

2073ACT2036u3uctranslate-symactionθεὶς τὰ γόνατα αὐτοῦ ... προσηύξατο 1he knelt down and prayed

It was a common custom to kneel down while praying. It was a sign of humility before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

2074ACT2037pb4rἐπιπεσόντες ἐπὶ τὸν τράχηλον τοῦ Παύλου 1embraced Paul
2075ACT2037sze4κατεφίλουν αὐτόν 1kissed him

Kissing someone on the cheek is an expression of brotherly or friendly love in the Middle East.

2076ACT2038bs3sfigs-synecdocheοὐκέτι μέλλουσιν τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ θεωρεῖν 1they would never see his face again
2077ACT21introgh1j0
2078ACT211s3h3figs-exclusive0General Information:
2079ACT211i6f80Connecting Statement:

The writer Luke, Paul, and his companions continue their travels.

2080ACT211zz5hεὐθυδρομήσαντες ἤλθομεν εἰς τὴν Κῶ 1we took a straight course to the city of Cos
2081ACT211e5y6translate-namesΚῶ1city of Cos

Cos is a Greek island off the coast of modern day Turkey in the South Aegean Sea region. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2082ACT211p6sstranslate-namesῬόδον1city of Rhodes

Rhodes is a Greek island off the coast of modern day Turkey in the South Aegean Sea region south of Cos and northeast of Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2083ACT211x7kgtranslate-namesΠάταρα1city of Patara

Patara is a city on the southwest coast of modern day Turkey south of the Aegean Sea in the Mediterranean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2084ACT212nz9kfigs-metonymyκαὶ εὑρόντες πλοῖον διαπερῶν εἰς Φοινίκην 1When we found a ship crossing over to Phoenicia
2085ACT212vbd3πλοῖον διαπερῶν 1a ship crossing over
2086ACT213er3rfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2087ACT213vkr2καταλιπόντες αὐτὴν εὐώνυμον 1leaving it on the left side of the boat
2088ACT213hwx8figs-metonymyἐκεῖσε ... τὸ πλοῖον ἦν ἀποφορτιζόμενον τὸν γόμον 1where the ship was to unload its cargo
2089ACT214y35mοἵτινες τῷ Παύλῳ ἔλεγον διὰ τοῦ Πνεύματος 1Through the Spirit they kept urging Paul
2090ACT215fe1u0General Information:
2091ACT215a5wjfigs-metaphorὅτε ... ἐγένετο ἡμᾶς ἐξαρτίσαι τὰς ἡμέρας 1When our days there were over
2092ACT215q8xltranslate-symactionθέντες τὰ γόνατα ἐπὶ τὸν αἰγιαλὸν προσευξάμενοι 1knelt down on the beach, prayed

It was a common custom to kneel down while praying. This was a sign of humility before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

2093ACT216ja1xἀπησπασάμεθα ἀλλήλους 1said farewell to each other
2094ACT217hy6efigs-exclusive0General Information:
2095ACT217kt6u0Connecting Statement:

This begins Paul's time in Caesarea.

2096ACT217z4nttranslate-namesκατηντήσαμεν εἰς Πτολεμαΐδα 1we arrived at Ptolemais

Ptolemaic was a city south of Tyre, Lebanon. Ptolemaic is modern day Acre, Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2097ACT217ff1sτοὺς ἀδελφοὺς 1the brothers
2098ACT218ay52ἐκ τῶν ἑπτὰ 1one of the seven
2099ACT218vi48εὐαγγελιστοῦ1evangelist

a person who tells people good news

2100ACT219rcf4τούτῳ1this man
2101ACT219cv8bwriting-backgroundδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Luke tells background information about Philip and his daughters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

2102ACT219r1i1θυγατέρες τέσσαρες παρθένοι, προφητεύουσαι 1four virgin daughters who prophesied
2103ACT2110fe6sfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2104ACT2110hx8k0Connecting Statement:

This tells about a prophecy made about Paul in Caesarea by the prophet Agabus.

2105ACT2110n3i8writing-participantsτις ... προφήτης ὀνόματι Ἅγαβος 1a certain prophet named Agabus

This introduces a new person in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

2106ACT2110f9cbtranslate-namesὀνόματι Ἅγαβος 1named Agabus

Agabus was a man from Judea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2107ACT2111i8t2ἄρας τὴν ζώνην τοῦ Παύλου 1took Paul's belt
2108ACT2111nq2yfigs-quotesinquotesτάδε λέγει τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον, τὸν‘ ἄνδρα οὗ ἐστιν ἡ ζώνη αὕτη, οὕτως δήσουσιν ἐν Ἰερουσαλὴμ οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι, καὶ παραδώσουσιν εἰς χεῖρας ἐθνῶν. 1Thus says the Holy Spirit, 'So shall the Jews in Jerusalem tie up ... of the Gentiles.'
2109ACT2111i8u7figs-synecdocheοἱ Ἰουδαῖοι 1the Jews
2110ACT2111zvw8παραδώσουσιν1hand him over
2111ACT2111s92dfigs-metonymyεἰς χεῖρας ἐθνῶν 1into the hands of the Gentiles
2112ACT2111b59gfigs-synecdocheἐθνῶν1the Gentiles
2113ACT2112fvh4figs-exclusive0General Information:
2114ACT2113uwt2figs-rquestionτί ποιεῖτε, κλαίοντες καὶ συνθρύπτοντές μου τὴν καρδίαν 1What are you doing, weeping and breaking my heart
2115ACT2113bj76figs-metaphorσυνθρύπτοντές μου τὴν καρδίαν 1breaking my heart
2116ACT2113p5e5figs-activepassiveοὐ μόνον δεθῆναι 1not only to be tied up
2117ACT2113q35xfigs-metonymyὑπὲρ τοῦ ὀνόματος τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ 1for the name of the Lord Jesus
2118ACT2114hwc5figs-activepassiveμὴ πειθομένου ... αὐτοῦ 1Paul would not be persuaded
2119ACT2114zl98figs-ellipsisπειθομένου1persuaded
2120ACT2114as1ifigs-activepassiveτοῦ Κυρίου τὸ θέλημα γινέσθω 1May the will of the Lord be done
2121ACT2115p5flfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2122ACT2115p5flfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2123ACT2115kd5l0Connecting Statement:

This ends Paul's time in Caesarea.

2124ACT2116k9krἄγοντες παρ’ ... τινι 1They brought with them a man
2125ACT2116zd9itranslate-namesΜνάσωνί, τινι Κυπρίῳ 1Mnason, a man from Cyprus

Mnason is a man from the island of Cyprus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2126ACT2116c7r2ἀρχαίῳ μαθητῇ 1an early disciple

This means Mnason was one of the first to believe in Jesus.

2127ACT2117zpa70General Information:
2128ACT2117wz340Connecting Statement:

Paul and his companions arrive in Jerusalem.

2129ACT2117d3gjfigs-gendernotationsἀπεδέξαντο ἡμᾶς οἱ ἀδελφοί 1the brothers welcomed us
2130ACT2119bx9eἐξηγεῖτο καθ’ ἓν ἕκαστον 1he reported one by one
2131ACT2120zks90Connecting Statement:

The elders in Jerusalem begin their response to Paul.

2132ACT2120a1hkοἱ ... ἀκούσαντες ... ἐδόξαζον ... εἶπόν τε αὐτῷ 1they heard ... they praised ... they said to him
2133ACT2120xki4ἀδελφέ1brother
2134ACT2120c5puὑπάρχουσιν1They are
2135ACT2121pyg8figs-explicitκατηχήθησαν δὲ περὶ σοῦ, ὅτι ἀποστασίαν διδάσκεις ἀπὸ Μωϋσέως τοὺς κατὰ τὰ ἔθνη πάντας Ἰουδαίους, λέγων μὴ περιτέμνειν αὐτοὺς τὰ τέκνα, μηδὲ τοῖς ἔθεσιν περιπατεῖν 1They have been told about you ... not to follow the old customs

Apparently here there are some Jews that are distorting what Paul is teaching. He does not discourage the Jews from obeying the law of Moses. His message is that circumcision and the other customs are not necessary for Jesus to save them. You can make explicit that the leaders of the Jewish believers in Jerusalem knew that Paul was teaching God's true message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2136ACT2121e5s4figs-activepassiveκατηχήθησαν1They have been told
2137ACT2121sdl3figs-metonymyἀποστασίαν ... ἀπὸ Μωϋσέως 1to abandon Moses
2138ACT2121knt4figs-metaphorμηδὲ τοῖς ἔθεσιν περιπατεῖν 1not to follow the old customs
2139ACT2121u56tτοῖς ἔθεσιν 1the old customs
2140ACT2122b28bfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2141ACT2123b22rἄνδρες τέσσαρες, εὐχὴν ἔχοντες 1four men who made a vow
2142ACT2124km4wfigs-explicitτούτους παραλαβὼν, ἁγνίσθητι σὺν αὐτοῖς 1Take these men and purify yourself with them

They had to make themselves ritually pure so they could worship in the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2143ACT2124c3apfigs-explicitδαπάνησον ἐπ’ αὐτοῖς 1pay their expenses for them
2144ACT2124abq6translate-symactionξυρήσονται τὴν κεφαλήν 1they may shave their heads

This was a sign that the person had completed what they promised God they would do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

2145ACT2124nu9vfigs-activepassiveὧν κατήχηνται περὶ σοῦ 1the things they have been told about you
2146ACT2124sv6ifigs-metaphorφυλάσσων τὸν νόμον 1follow the law
2147ACT2125c4klfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2148ACT2125cqm90Connecting Statement:

James and the elders in Jerusalem finish their request to Paul (Acts 21:18).

2149ACT2125a35ufigs-explicitφυλάσσεσθαι αὐτοὺς, τό τε εἰδωλόθυτον, καὶ αἷμα, καὶ πνικτὸν 1they should keep themselves from things sacrificed to idols, from blood, from what is strangled

All of these are rules about what they can eat. They are forbidden to eat meat of animals sacrificed to an idol, meat with blood still in it, and meat from a strangled animal because it would still have blood in the meat. See how you translated similar phrases in Acts 15:20. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2150ACT2125bpb5figs-activepassiveφυλάσσεσθαι αὐτοὺς, τό τε εἰδωλόθυτον 1they should keep themselves from things sacrificed to idols
2151ACT2125wjd2figs-explicitπνικτὸν1from what is strangled
2152ACT2126cr14παραλαβὼν τοὺς ἄνδρας 1took the men

These are the 4 men who made a vow.

2153ACT2126s8z9σὺν αὐτοῖς ἁγνισθεὶς 1purifying himself with them

Before entering the temple area the Jews were required to be ceremonially or ritually clean. This cleansing had to do with Jews having contact with Gentiles.

2154ACT2126xu9rfigs-synecdocheεἰσῄει εἰς τὸ ἱερόν 1went into the temple
2155ACT2126pvy3τῶν ἡμερῶν τοῦ ἁγνισμοῦ 1the days of purification

This is a separate purification process from the purification process which they were required to fulfill in order to enter the temple area.

2156ACT2126gc23figs-activepassiveἕως οὗ προσηνέχθη ... ἡ προσφορά 1until the offering was offered
2157ACT2127l3bg0General Information:

Verse 29 gives background information about the Jews from Asia.

2158ACT2127p4gi0Connecting Statement:

This begins the story of Paul's arrest.

2159ACT2127j9zmαἱ ἑπτὰ ἡμέραι 1the seven days

These are the seven days for purification.

2160ACT2127k4l1figs-synecdocheἐν τῷ ἱερῷ 1in the temple
2161ACT2127u942figs-metaphorσυνέχεον πάντα τὸν ὄχλον 1stirred up the whole crowd
2162ACT2127mks6figs-idiomἐπέβαλον ἐπ’ αὐτὸν τὰς χεῖρας 1laid hands on him
2163ACT2128sfg3τοῦ λαοῦ, καὶ τοῦ νόμου, καὶ τοῦ τόπου τούτου 1the people, the law, and this place
2164ACT2128jc9qfigs-explicitἔτι τε καὶ Ἕλληνας εἰσήγαγεν εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν 1Besides, he has also brought Greeks into the temple

Only Jewish males were allowed in certain areas of the courtyard of the Jerusalem temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2165ACT2129t2z7writing-backgroundἦσαν γὰρ προεωρακότες Τρόφιμον τὸν Ἐφέσιον ἐν τῇ πόλει σὺν αὐτῷ, ὃν ἐνόμιζον ὅτι εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν εἰσήγαγεν ὁ Παῦλος 1For they had previously ... into the temple

This is background information. Luke is explaining why the Jews from Asia thought Paul brought a Greek into the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

2166ACT2129h1uuΤρόφιμον1Trophimus

This was a Greek man that they accused Paul of having brought into the inner temple area that was only for Jews. See how you translated his name in Acts 20:4.

2167ACT2130upl8figs-hyperboleἐκινήθη τε ἡ πόλις ὅλη 1All the city was excited
2168ACT2130x2sxἐπιλαβόμενοι τοῦ Παύλου 1laid hold of Paul
2169ACT2130xd6rfigs-explicitεὐθέως ἐκλείσθησαν αἱ θύραι 1the doors were immediately shut
2170ACT2131d6vtfigs-metonymyἀνέβη φάσις τῷ χιλιάρχῳ τῆς σπείρης 1news came up to the chief captain of the guard
2171ACT2131hu5rἀνέβη φάσις τῷ χιλιάρχῳ 1news came up to the chief captain
2172ACT2131p85aτῷ χιλιάρχῳ 1the chief captain

a Roman military officer or leader of about 600 soldiers

2173ACT2131u65rfigs-hyperboleὅλη συνχύννεται Ἰερουσαλήμ 1all Jerusalem was in an uproar
2174ACT2132j81t0General Information:
2175ACT2132dgz5κατέδραμεν1ran down

From the fortress, there are stairs going down into the court.

2176ACT2132e4rjτὸν χιλίαρχον 1the chief captain

a Roman military officer or leader of about 600 soldiers

2177ACT2133w28uἐπελάβετο αὐτοῦ 1laid hold of Paul
2178ACT2133zi4lfigs-activepassiveἐκέλευσε δεθῆναι 1commanded him to be bound
2179ACT2133xd9wἁλύσεσι δυσί 1with two chains

This means they bound Paul to two Roman soldiers, one on each side of him.

2180ACT2133y6zwfigs-quotationsἐπυνθάνετο τίς εἴη καὶ τί ἐστιν πεποιηκώς 1he asked who he was and what he had done.
2181ACT2133fi22ἐπυνθάνετο τίς εἴη 1he asked who he was

The chief captain is speaking to the crowd, not to Paul.

2182ACT2134pci2figs-ellipsisἄλλο1and others another
2183ACT2134k35eαὐτοῦ1the captain

This was a military officer or leader of about 600 soldiers.

2184ACT2134qcc6figs-activepassiveἐκέλευσεν ἄγεσθαι αὐτὸν 1he ordered that Paul be brought
2185ACT2134w2qjεἰς τὴν παρεμβολήν 1into the fortress

This fortress was connected to the outer temple court.

2186ACT2135h9n7figs-activepassiveὅτε δὲ ἐγένετο ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀναβαθμούς, συνέβη βαστάζεσθαι αὐτὸν 1When he came to the steps, he was carried
2187ACT2136kax6figs-euphemismαἶρε αὐτόν 1Away with him
2188ACT2137j9xkfigs-activepassiveμέλλων τε εἰσάγεσθαι 1As Paul was about to be brought
2189ACT2137qp63τὴν παρεμβολὴν 1the fortress

This fortress was connected to the outer temple court. See how you translated this in Acts 21:34.

2190ACT2137inl1τῷ χιλιάρχῳ 1the chief captain

a Roman military officer of about 600 soldiers

2191ACT2137p5cdfigs-rquestionἙλληνιστὶ γινώσκεις 11
2192ACT2138xx2wfigs-rquestionοὐκ ἄρα σὺ εἶ ὁ Αἰγύπτιος, ὁ πρὸ τούτων τῶν ἡμερῶν, ἀναστατώσας καὶ ἐξαγαγὼν εἰς τὴν ἔρημον τοὺς τετρακισχιλίους ἄνδρας τῶν σικαρίων 1Are you not then the Egyptian ... wilderness?
2193ACT2138nxs6figs-explicitοὐκ ἄρα σὺ εἶ ὁ Αἰγύπτιος 1Are you not then the Egyptian

Shortly before Paul's visit, an unnamed man from Egypt had launched a revolt against Rome in Jerusalem. Later he escaped into the wilderness and the commander wonders if Paul might be the same man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2194ACT2138lwi4figs-abstractnounsἀναστατώσας1started a rebellion
2195ACT2138tqh6translate-numbersτοὺς τετρακισχιλίους ἄνδρας 1the four thousand men
2196ACT2138p2ymσικαρίων1Assassins

This refers to a group of Jewish rebels who killed Romans and anyone who supported Romans.

2197ACT2139t6ax0Connecting Statement:

Paul begins to defend what he did.

2198ACT2139ys84δέομαι ... σου 1I ask you
2199ACT2139a139ἐπίτρεψόν μοι 1allow me
2200ACT2140qp2qfigs-abstractnounsἐπιτρέψαντος ... αὐτοῦ 1the captain had given him permission
2201ACT2140a4y2ὁ Παῦλος ἑστὼς ἐπὶ τῶν ἀναβαθμῶν 1Paul stood on the steps
2202ACT2140rk1yfigs-explicitκατέσεισε τῇ χειρὶ τῷ λαῷ 1motioned with the hand to the people
2203ACT2140xj6iπολλῆς δὲ σιγῆς γενομένης 1When there was a deep silence
2204ACT22introgq5g0
2205ACT221kq95writing-background0General Information:

Verse 2 gives background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

2206ACT221a8ir0Connecting Statement:

Paul speaks to the Jewish crowd in Jerusalem.

2207ACT221xe46ἀδελφοὶ καὶ πατέρες 1Brothers and fathers

This is a polite way of addressing men who are Paul's age as well as the older men in the audience.

2208ACT221pe8tμου τῆς πρὸς ὑμᾶς νυνὶ 1I now make to you
2209ACT222b4skτῇ Ἑβραΐδι διαλέκτῳ 1the Hebrew language

The Hebrew language was the language of the Jews.

2210ACT223g311figs-activepassiveἀνατεθραμμένος δὲ ἐν τῇ πόλει ταύτῃ, παρὰ τοὺς πόδας Γαμαλιήλ 1but educated in this city at the feet of Gamaliel
2211ACT223d4dxfigs-metonymyπαρὰ τοὺς πόδας Γαμαλιήλ 1at the feet of Gamaliel
2212ACT223b1dqΓαμαλιήλ1Gamaliel

Gamaliel was one of the most prominent teachers of the Jewish law. See how you translated this name in Acts 5:34.

2213ACT223iz4gfigs-activepassiveπεπαιδευμένος κατὰ ἀκρίβειαν τοῦ πατρῴου νόμου 1I was instructed according to the strict ways of the law of our fathers
2214ACT223lqk7πατρῴου νόμου 1law of our fathers
2215ACT223a8d6ζηλωτὴς ὑπάρχων τοῦ Θεοῦ 1I am zealous for God
2216ACT223dbl4καθὼς πάντες ὑμεῖς ἐστε σήμερον 1just as all of you are today
2217ACT224jy3zfigs-metonymyὃς ταύτην τὴν Ὁδὸν ἐδίωξα 1I persecuted this Way
2218ACT224bk4cταύτην τὴν Ὁδὸν 1this Way
2219ACT224dr8cfigs-abstractnounsἄχρι θανάτου 1to the death
2220ACT224zd2rδεσμεύων καὶ παραδιδοὺς εἰς φυλακὰς, ἄνδρας τε καὶ γυναῖκας 1binding up and delivering them to prison both men and women
2221ACT225v2kmμαρτυρεῖ1can bear witness
2222ACT225i45uπαρ’ ὧν ... ἐπιστολὰς δεξάμενος 1I received letters from them
2223ACT225in72πρὸς τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς, εἰς Δαμασκὸν 1for the brothers in Damascus
2224ACT225y82bἄξων ... τοὺς ἐκεῖσε ὄντας, δεδεμένους εἰς Ἰερουσαλὴμ 1to bring them back in bonds to Jerusalem
2225ACT225ht9ffigs-activepassiveἵνα τιμωρηθῶσιν 1in order for them to be punished
2226ACT226pe9s0Connecting Statement:

Paul describes his encounter with Jesus.

2227ACT226w4l7ἐγένετο δέ 1It happened that

This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

2228ACT227d6ndfigs-synecdocheἤκουσα φωνῆς λεγούσης μοι 1heard a voice say to me
2229ACT229h95hfigs-synecdocheτὴν ... φωνὴν οὐκ ἤκουσαν τοῦ λαλοῦντός μοι 1they did not understand the voice of him who spoke to me
2230ACT2210a91afigs-activepassiveκἀκεῖ σοι λαληθήσεται 1there you will be told
2231ACT2211n1kbοὐκ ἐνέβλεπον ἀπὸ τῆς δόξης τοῦ φωτὸς ἐκείνου 1I could not see because of that light's brightness
2232ACT2211n2n1figs-synecdocheχειραγωγούμενος ὑπὸ τῶν συνόντων μοι, ἦλθον εἰς Δαμασκόν 1being led by the hands of those who were with me, I came into Damascus
2233ACT2212a17q0General Information:
2234ACT2212h5bhtranslate-namesἉνανίας1Ananias

Though this is not the same Ananias who died earlier in Acts Acts 5:3, you may translate it the same way though as you did in Acts 5:1. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2235ACT2212z1g3ἀνὴρ εὐλαβὴς κατὰ τὸν νόμον 1devout man according to the law

Ananias was very serious about following God's law.

2236ACT2212e7uwfigs-activepassiveμαρτυρούμενος ὑπὸ πάντων τῶν κατοικούντων Ἰουδαίων 1well spoken of by all the Jews who lived there
2237ACT2213un4gΣαοὺλ‘, ἀδελφέ 1Brother Saul
2238ACT2213x3kcfigs-abstractnounsἀνάβλεψον1receive your sight
2239ACT2213se47figs-idiomαὐτῇ τῇ ὥρᾳ 1In that very hour
2240ACT2214v2i70General Information:
2241ACT2214k3ck0Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes telling what had happened to him in Damascus. He quotes what Ananias said to him. This is still part of his speech to the crowd in Jerusalem.

2242ACT2214k417τὸ θέλημα αὐτοῦ 1his will
2243ACT2214dg8qfigs-synecdocheἀκοῦσαι φωνὴν ἐκ τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ 1to hear the voice coming from his own mouth
2244ACT2215i5q8figs-gendernotationsπρὸς πάντας ἀνθρώπους 1to all men
2245ACT2216bhg9νῦν1Now
2246ACT2216mmx9figs-rquestionτί μέλλεις 1why are you waiting?
2247ACT2216lt2ifigs-activepassiveβάπτισαι1be baptized
2248ACT2216zr5pfigs-metaphorἀπόλουσαι τὰς ἁμαρτίας σου 1wash away your sins
2249ACT2216g5dqἐπικαλεσάμενος τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ 1calling on his name
2250ACT2217znq60Connecting Statement:

Paul begins to tell the crowd about his vision of Jesus.

2251ACT2217its2ἐγένετο δέ 1it happened that

This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

2252ACT2217yr9lfigs-activepassiveγενέσθαι με ἐν ἐκστάσει 1I was given a vision
2253ACT2218jy2cἰδεῖν αὐτὸν λέγοντά μοι 1I saw him say to me
2254ACT2218qul6οὐ παραδέξονταί σου μαρτυρίαν περὶ ἐμοῦ 1they will not accept your testimony about me
2255ACT2219q5cl0General Information:
2256ACT2219p7gz0Connecting Statement:

This ends what Paul was able to say to the crowd of Jewish people by the fortress.

2257ACT2219im4nfigs-rpronounsαὐτοὶ ἐπίστανται 1they themselves know
2258ACT2219da1eκατὰ τὰς συναγωγὰς 1in every synagogue

Paul went to synagogues to find Jews who believed in Jesus.

2259ACT2220y7t1figs-metonymyἐξεχύννετο τὸ αἷμα Στεφάνου τοῦ μάρτυρός σου 1the blood of Stephen your witness was spilled
2260ACT2222fj9x0General Information:
2261ACT2222ta8zἶρε ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς τὸν τοιοῦτον 1Away with such a fellow from the earth
2262ACT2223ylr7κραυγαζόντων1As they were shouting
2263ACT2223b6a7translate-symactionῥιπτούντων τὰ ἱμάτια, καὶ κονιορτὸν βαλλόντων εἰς τὸν ἀέρα 1throwing off their cloaks, and throwing dust into the air

These actions show that the Jews there are outraged because they feel Paul has spoken against God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

2264ACT2224x7zvχιλίαρχος1chief captain

a Roman military officer or leader of about 600 soldiers

2265ACT2224h6gpfigs-activepassiveἐκέλευσεν ... εἰσάγεσθαι αὐτὸν 1commanded Paul to be brought
2266ACT2224sth6τὴν παρεμβολήν 1the fortress

This fortress was connected to the outer temple court. See how you translated this in Acts 21:34.

2267ACT2224pz47figs-activepassiveεἴπας μάστιξιν ἀνετάζεσθαι αὐτὸν 1He ordered that he should be questioned with scourging
2268ACT2225ar630General Information:
2269ACT2225st4kτοῖς ἱμᾶσιν 1the thongs

These were strips of leather or animal hide.

2270ACT2225yjw3figs-rquestionεἰ ἄνθρωπον Ῥωμαῖον καὶ ἀκατάκριτον, ἔξεστιν ὑμῖν μαστίζειν 1Is it lawful for you to scourge a man who is a Roman and who has not been put on trial?
2271ACT2226pca7figs-rquestionτί μέλλεις ποιεῖν 1What are you about to do?
2272ACT2227pe310General Information:
2273ACT2227e69yfigs-goπροσελθὼν ..., ὁ χιλίαρχος 1The chief captain came
2274ACT2228dr2wἐγὼ πολλοῦ κεφαλαίου τὴν πολιτείαν ταύτην ἐκτησάμην 1It was only with a large amount of money
2275ACT2228r79cfigs-abstractnounsἐγὼ ... τὴν πολιτείαν ... ἐκτησάμην 1I acquired citizenship
2276ACT2228rly1ἐγὼ δὲ ... γεγέννημαι 1I was born a Roman citizen

If the father is a Roman citizen, then his children become Roman citizens automatically when they are born.

2277ACT2229ii8pοἱ μέλλοντες ... ἀνετάζειν 1the men who were going to question
2278ACT2230g33i0General Information:
2279ACT2230kx58figs-metonymyἔλυσεν αὐτόν 1So he untied his bonds
2280ACT2230c5iaκαταγαγὼν τὸν Παῦλον 1he brought Paul down

From the fortress, there is a stairway going down to the temple courts.

2281ACT23introgbw50
2282ACT231z2sq0Connecting Statement:

Paul stands before the chief priests and the council members (Acts 22:30).

2283ACT231jru4ἀδελφοί1Brothers
2284ACT231nn2qἐγὼ πάσῃ συνειδήσει ἀγαθῇ πεπολίτευμαι τῷ Θεῷ ἄχρι ταύτης τῆς ἡμέρας 1I have lived before God in all good conscience until this day
2285ACT232yz4ntranslate-namesἉνανίας1Ananias

This is the name of a man. Though this is the same name, this not the same Ananias as in Acts 5:1 nor the same Ananias as in Acts 9:10. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2286ACT233igq4figs-metaphorτοῖχε κεκονιαμένε 1whitewashed wall
2287ACT233un7gfigs-rquestionσὺ κάθῃ κρίνων με κατὰ τὸν νόμον, καὶ παρανομῶν κελεύεις με τύπτεσθαι 1Are you sitting to judge ... against the law?
2288ACT233m6nbfigs-activepassiveκελεύεις με τύπτεσθαι 1order me to be struck
2289ACT234lkh8figs-rquestionτὸν ἀρχιερέα τοῦ Θεοῦ λοιδορεῖς 1Is this how you insult God's high priest?
2290ACT235e8lgfigs-explicitγέγραπται γὰρ 1For it is written
2291ACT236pbe1ἀδελφοί1Brothers
2292ACT236as3fυἱὸς Φαρισαίων 1a son of Pharisees
2293ACT236iz18figs-abstractnounsἀναστάσεως νεκρῶν 1the resurrection of the dead that I
2294ACT236ys5kfigs-activepassiveἐγὼ κρίνομαι 1I am being judged
2295ACT237abs3ἐσχίσθη τὸ πλῆθος 1the crowd was divided
2296ACT238gl1swriting-backgroundΣαδδουκαῖοι ... γὰρ ... Φαρισαῖοι δὲ 1For the Sadducees ... but the Pharisees

This is background information about the Sadducees and Pharisees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

2297ACT239eaf1ἐγένετο δὲ κραυγὴ μεγάλη 1So a large uproar occurred
2298ACT239ayr8figs-hypoεἰ ... πνεῦμα ἐλάλησεν αὐτῷ, ἢ ἄγγελος 1What if a spirit or an angel has spoken to him?
2299ACT2310dr1dfigs-abstractnounsπολλῆς δὲ γινομένης στάσεως 1When there arose a great argument
2300ACT2310s65iχιλίαρχος1chief captain

a Roman military officer or leader of about 600 soldiers

2301ACT2310f568figs-activepassiveδιασπασθῇ ὁ Παῦλος ὑπ’ αὐτῶν 1Paul would be torn to pieces by them
2302ACT2310man3ἁρπάσαι αὐτὸν 1take him by force
2303ACT2310ap3cεἰς τὴν παρεμβολήν 1into the fortress

This fortress was connected to the outer temple court. See how you translated this in Acts 21:34.

2304ACT2311i9w5τῇ ... ἐπιούσῃ νυκτὶ 1The following night
2305ACT2311r4q4figs-ellipsisεἰς Ῥώμην μαρτυρῆσαι 1bear witness in Rome
2306ACT2312fm3y0Connecting Statement:

While Paul was in the prison at the fortress, the disbelieving religious Jews vow to kill him.

2307ACT2312klb4ποιήσαντες συστροφὴν 1formed a conspiracy
2308ACT2312g3sjfigs-abstractnounsἀνεθεμάτισαν ἑαυτοὺς 1called a curse down upon themselves with an oath
2309ACT2313f1u2translate-numbersτεσσεράκοντα οἱ 1forty men
2310ACT2313u5s5ταύτην τὴν συνωμοσίαν ποιησάμενοι 1who formed this conspiracy
2311ACT2314zb6wfigs-you0General Information:
2312ACT2314ur73figs-metaphorἀναθέματι ἀνεθεματίσαμεν ἑαυτοὺς, μηδενὸς γεύσασθαι ἕως οὗ ἀποκτείνωμεν τὸν Παῦλον 1We have put ourselves under a great curse, to eat nothing until we have killed Paul
2313ACT2315w418νῦν οὖν 1Now, therefore
2314ACT2315q9e6νῦν1Now
2315ACT2315q9mbκαταγάγῃ αὐτὸν εἰς ὑμᾶς 1bring him down to you
2316ACT2315m133ὡς μέλλοντας διαγινώσκειν ἀκριβέστερον τὰ περὶ αὐτοῦ 1as if you would decide his case more precisely
2317ACT2316d7cy0General Information:
2318ACT2316w6feυἱὸς τῆς ἀδελφῆς Παύλου 1Paul's sister's son
2319ACT2316pj5hτὴν ἐνέδραν 1they were lying in wait
2320ACT2316a5hxτὴν παρεμβολὴν 1the fortress

This fortress was connected to the outer temple court. See how you translated this in Acts 21:34.

2321ACT2318lzf3ὁ δέσμιος, Παῦλος, προσκαλεσάμενός με 1Paul the prisoner called me to him
2322ACT2318ju2bτοῦτον τὸν νεανίαν 1this young man

Since the chief captain calls him a young man, this suggests Paul's nephew may have been 12 to 15 years old.

2323ACT2319yp12ἐπιλαβόμενος ... τῆς χειρὸς αὐτοῦ ὁ χιλίαρχος 1chief captain took him by the hand

Since the chief captain took the young man by the hand and calls him a young man (verse 18), this suggests Paul's nephew may have been 12 to 15 years old.

2324ACT2320uv6rfigs-synecdocheοἱ Ἰουδαῖοι συνέθεντο 1The Jews have agreed
2325ACT2320wp5dΠαῦλον καταγάγῃς 1to bring down Paul
2326ACT2320fev5μέλλων τι ἀκριβέστερον πυνθάνεσθαι περὶ αὐτοῦ. 1they were going to ask more precisely about his case
2327ACT2321vdr5translate-numbersἄνδρες ... τεσσεράκοντα 1forty men
2328ACT2321i2k9ἐνεδρεύουσιν ... αὐτὸν 1lying in wait for him
2329ACT2321r695οἵτινες ἀνεθεμάτισαν ἑαυτοὺς μήτε φαγεῖν μήτε πιεῖν, ἕως οὗ ἀνέλωσιν αὐτόν 1They have called a curse down on themselves, neither to eat nor to drink until they have killed him
2330ACT2322av3g0General Information:
2331ACT2322av3g0General Information:

Felix, who resided at Caesarea, was the roman governor of the area.

2332ACT2323wk7kπροσκαλεσάμενός1he called to him
2333ACT2323q741translate-numbersδύο τῶν ἑκατονταρχῶν 1two of the centurions
2334ACT2323b7z3translate-numbersἱππεῖς ἑβδομήκοντα 1seventy horsemen
2335ACT2323mgi9translate-numbersδεξιολάβους διακοσίους 1two hundred spearmen
2336ACT2323kg8sτρίτης ὥρας τῆς νυκτός 1third hour of the night

This was about 9:00 p.m. at night.

2337ACT2325vg8x0General Information:

The chief captain writes a letter to Governor Felix about the arrest of Paul.

2338ACT2325vg8xtranslate-names0General Information:

Claudius Lysias is the name of the chief captain. Governor Felix was the Roman governor over the whole region. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2339ACT2326zf93figs-123personΚλαύδιος Λυσίας, τῷ κρατίστῳ ἡγεμόνι Φήλικι, χαίρειν 1Claudius Lysias to the most excellent Governor Felix, greetings
2340ACT2326u2ihτῷ κρατίστῳ ἡγεμόνι Φήλικι 1to the most excellent Governor Felix
2341ACT2327zr7lfigs-synecdocheτὸν ἄνδρα τοῦτον συνλημφθέντα ὑπὸ τῶν Ἰουδαίων 1This man was arrested by the Jews
2342ACT2327ha13figs-activepassiveμέλλοντα ἀναιρεῖσθαι 1was about to be killed
2343ACT2327v78tἐπιστὰς σὺν τῷ στρατεύματι 1I came upon them with soldiers
2344ACT2328lb1a0General Information:
2345ACT2328lb1a0General Information:
2346ACT2328lb1afigs-you0General Information:
2347ACT2328pmq70Connecting Statement:

The chief captain ends his letter to Governor Felix.

2348ACT2329zt4ffigs-activepassiveὃν ἐνκαλούμενον περὶ ζητημάτων τοῦ 1that he was being accused about questions concerning
2349ACT2329wsh2figs-abstractnounsμηδὲν δὲ ἄξιον θανάτου ἢ δεσμῶν ἔχοντα ἔγκλημα 1but that there was no accusation against him that deserved death or imprisonment
2350ACT2330i2jifigs-activepassiveμηνυθείσης δέ μοι 1Then it was made known to me
2351ACT2331ifs1translate-names0General Information:
2352ACT2331s9rf0Connecting Statement:

This ends Paul's time under arrest in Jerusalem and begins his time of arrest in Caesarea with Governor Felix.

2353ACT2331ny4kοἱ ... οὖν στρατιῶται κατὰ τὸ διατεταγμένον αὐτοῖς 1So the soldiers obeyed their orders
2354ACT2331ptv4ἀναλαβόντες τὸν Παῦλον, ἤγαγον διὰ νυκτὸς 1They took Paul and brought him by night
2355ACT2334u44w0General Information:
2356ACT2334dtx1figs-quotationsἐπερωτήσας ἐκ ποίας ἐπαρχείας ἐστὶν, καὶ 1he asked what province Paul was from. When
2357ACT2335dwv2figs-quotationsἔφη1he said
2358ACT2335uji1διακούσομαί σου 1I will hear you fully
2359ACT2335mga2κελεύσας ... φυλάσσεσθαι αὐτόν 1he commanded him to be kept
2360ACT24introj74u0
2361ACT241qw1rfigs-you0General Information:
2362ACT241bc8k0Connecting Statement:

Paul is on trial in Caesarea. Tertullus presents Governor Felix with the charges against Paul.

2363ACT241e8rpμετὰ δὲ πέντε ἡμέρας 1After five days
2364ACT241n9gutranslate-namesἉνανίας1Ananias

This is the name of a man. This is not the same Ananias as in Acts 5:1 nor the same Ananias as in Acts 9:10. See how you translated this in Acts 23:1. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2365ACT241f3vxῥήτορος1an orator
2366ACT241xm6ctranslate-namesΤερτύλλου1Tertullus

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2367ACT241q7wjκατέβη1went there
2368ACT241nq9xτῷ ἡγεμόνι 1before the governor
2369ACT241zm5eἐνεφάνισαν ... κατὰ τοῦ Παύλου 1brought charges against Paul
2370ACT242e6zgfigs-exclusiveπολλῆς εἰρήνης τυγχάνοντες 1we have great peace
2371ACT242sv8cκαὶ διορθωμάτων γινομένων τῷ ἔθνει τούτῳ διὰ τῆς σῆς προνοίας 1and your foresight brings good reform to our nation
2372ACT243r5jlμετὰ πάσης εὐχαριστίας 1with all thankfulness
2373ACT243q3fjκράτιστε Φῆλιξ 1most excellent Felix
2374ACT244tyq8figs-exclusive0General Information:
2375ACT244jww2Ἵνα ... μὴ ἐπὶ πλεῖον σε ἐνκόπτω 1So that I detain you no more
2376ACT244xfm5ἀκοῦσαί ... ἡμῶν συντόμως, τῇ σῇ ἐπιεικείᾳ 1briefly listen to me with kindness
2377ACT245i1qsfigs-metaphorτὸν ἄνδρα τοῦτον λοιμὸν 1this man to be a pest
2378ACT245k1v1figs-hyperboleπᾶσι τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις τοῖς κατὰ τὴν οἰκουμένην 1all the Jews throughout the world
2379ACT245zg4afigs-explicitπρωτοστάτην ... τῆς τῶν Ναζωραίων αἱρέσεως 1He is a leader of the Nazarene sect
2380ACT245n6zbαἱρέσεως1sect

This is a smaller group of people within a larger group. Tertullus considers the Christians to be a small group within Judaism.

2381ACT247ujn8figs-you0General Information:
2382ACT247xkr40Connecting Statement:

Tertullus finishes presenting the charges against Paul before Governor Felix.

2383ACT248e26aἐπιγνῶναι ὧν ἡμεῖς κατηγοροῦμεν αὐτοῦ 1to learn about these charges we are bringing against him
2384ACT249rq5ffigs-synecdocheοἱ Ἰουδαῖοι 1The Jews

This refers to the Jewish leaders who were there at Paul's trial. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

2385ACT2410my1c0General Information:
2386ACT2410ict80Connecting Statement:

Paul responds to Governor Felix about the charges brought against him.

2387ACT2410s92aνεύσαντος ... τοῦ ἡγεμόνος 1the governor motioned
2388ACT2410uu7afigs-metonymyκριτὴν τῷ ἔθνει τούτῳ 1a judge to this nation
2389ACT2410sr5tἐμαυτοῦ ἀπολογοῦμαι 1explain myself
2390ACT2411dr4utranslate-numbersἡμέραι δώδεκα, ἀφ’ ἧς 1twelve days since
2391ACT2412wbf6figs-metaphorἢ ἐπίστασιν ποιοῦντα ὄχλου 1I did not stir up a crowd
2392ACT2413m3ykκατηγοροῦσίν1the accusations
2393ACT2414c5xaὁμολογῶ ... τοῦτό σοι 1I confess this to you
2394ACT2414k79pὅτι κατὰ τὴν Ὁδὸν 1that according to the Way
2395ACT2414rqu3λέγουσιν αἵρεσιν 1they call a sect
2396ACT2414cg73οὕτως λατρεύω τῷ πατρῴῳ Θεῷ 1in that same way I serve the God of our fathers
2397ACT2415nv5aκαὶ αὐτοὶ 1as these men
2398ACT2415qza8figs-abstractnounsἀνάστασιν μέλλειν ἔσεσθαι, δικαίων τε καὶ ἀδίκων 1that there will be a resurrection of both the righteous and the wicked
2399ACT2415x1ydfigs-nominaladjδικαίων ... καὶ ἀδίκων 1the righteous and the wicked
2400ACT2416sfw4αὐτὸς ἀσκῶ ... διὰ παντός 1I always strive
2401ACT2416kcg8figs-metonymyἀπρόσκοπον συνείδησιν ἔχειν πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν 1to have a clear conscience before God
2402ACT2416va3bπρὸς τὸν Θεὸν 1before God
2403ACT2417p92mδὲ1Now

This word marks a shift in Paul's argument. Here he explains the situation in Jerusalem when some of the Jews arrested him.

2404ACT2417py9vδι’ ἐτῶν ... πλειόνων 1after many years
2405ACT2417ryk6figs-goἐλεημοσύνας ποιήσων εἰς τὸ ἔθνος μου, παρεγενόμην καὶ προσφοράς 1I came to bring help to my nation and gifts of money
2406ACT2418pk2mἡγνισμένον ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ 1in a purification ceremony in the temple
2407ACT2418x6iyfigs-explicitοὐ μετὰ ὄχλου, οὐδὲ μετὰ θορύβου 1not with a crowd or an uproar
2408ACT2419s528τινὲς1These men
2409ACT2419ntg3εἴ τι ἔχοιεν 1if they have anything
2410ACT2420npt50Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes responding to Governor Felix about the charges brought against him.

2411ACT2420ag5dαὐτοὶ1these same men

This refers to the members of the council who were present in Jerusalem at Paul's trial.

2412ACT2420hnt9εἰπάτωσαν, τί εὗρον ἀδίκημα ... μου 1should say what wrong they found in me
2413ACT2421ds1sfigs-abstractnounsπερὶ‘ ἀναστάσεως νεκρῶν 1It is concerning the resurrection of the dead
2414ACT2421d2lmfigs-activepassiveἐγὼ κρίνομαι σήμερον ἐφ’ ὑμῶν 1I am on trial before you today
2415ACT2422w1tntranslate-names0General Information:

Felix is the Roman governor of the area who resides at Caesarea. See how you translated this name in Acts 23:24. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2416ACT2422a87fτῆς Ὁδοῦ 1the Way

This is a title for Christianity. See how you translated this in Acts 9:2.

2417ACT2422y3pgὅταν Λυσίας ὁ χιλίαρχος καταβῇ 1When Lysias the commander comes down
2418ACT2422k1f7Λυσίας1Lysias

This is the name of the chief captain. See how you translated this name in Acts 23:26.

2419ACT2422z5f9καταβῇ1comes down from Jerusalem

Jerusalem was higher than Caesarea so it was normal for them to speak of coming down from Jerusalem.

2420ACT2422ldi8διαγνώσομαι τὰ καθ’ ὑμᾶς 1I will decide your case
2421ACT2423sxy2ἔχειν ... ἄνεσιν 1have some freedom
2422ACT2424wus4μετὰ δὲ ἡμέρας τινὰς 1After some days
2423ACT2424qy9ytranslate-namesΔρουσίλλῃ, τῇ ... γυναικὶ 1Drusilla his wife

Drusilla is a woman's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2424ACT2424xmq5figs-explicitἸουδαίᾳ1a Jewess
2425ACT2425b8v1ἔμφοβος γενόμενος, ὁ Φῆλιξ 1Felix became frightened

Felix may have felt conviction of his sins.

2426ACT2425p8yiτὸ νῦν ἔχον 1for now
2427ACT2426h4v7χρήματα δοθήσεται αὐτῷ ὑπὸ τοῦ Παύλου 1Paul to give money to him

Felix was hoping Paul would offer him a bribe to set him free.

2428ACT2426n45pΔιὸ ... πυκνότερον αὐτὸν μεταπεμπόμενος, ὡμίλει αὐτῷ 1so he often sent for him and spoke with him
2429ACT2427ur2ytranslate-namesὁ Πόρκιον Φῆστον 1Porcius Festus

This was the new roman Governor who replaced Felix. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2430ACT2427p59cfigs-synecdocheθέλων ... χάριτα καταθέσθαι τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις 1wanted to gain favor with the Jews
2431ACT2427gln6ὁ Φῆλιξ ... κατέλιπε τὸν Παῦλον δεδεμένον 1he left Paul to continue under guard
2432ACT25introb6uk0
2433ACT251c84u0General Information:

Festus becomes the governor of Caesarea. See how you translated this name in Acts 24:27.

2434ACT251tj760Connecting Statement:

Paul continues to be a prisoner in Caesarea.

2435ACT251w8h3οὖν1Now

This word marks the beginning of a new event in the story.

2436ACT251i7t9Φῆστος ... ἐπιβὰς τῇ ἐπαρχείᾳ 1Festus entered the province

Possible meanings are 1) Festus arrived in the area to begin his rule or 2) Festus simply arrived in the area.

2437ACT251zz4lἀνέβη εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα ἀπὸ Καισαρείας 1he went from Caesarea up to Jerusalem
2438ACT252qnc8figs-metaphorἐνεφάνισάν ... οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ οἱ πρῶτοι τῶν Ἰουδαίων κατὰ τοῦ Παύλου 1The chief priest and the prominent Jews brought accusations against Paul
2439ACT252uj5pπαρεκάλουν αὐτὸν 1they urged him
2440ACT253w8umαἰτούμενοι χάριν 1asked him for a favor
2441ACT253qz46ὅπως μεταπέμψηται αὐτὸν εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ 1that Festus might summon Paul to Jerusalem
2442ACT253pg8xἀνελεῖν αὐτὸν κατὰ τὴν ὁδόν 1so that they could kill him along the way

They were going to ambush Paul.

2443ACT254p3ttfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2444ACT254v5f9figs-quotationsΦῆστος ἀπεκρίθη, τηρεῖσθαι τὸν Παῦλον εἰς Καισάρειαν, ἑαυτὸν δὲ μέλλειν ἐν τάχει ἐκπορεύεσθαι 1Festus answered that Paul was being held at Caesarea, and that he himself was going there soon.
2445ACT255a54hwriting-quotationsοἱ οὖν ... φησίν, δυνατοὶ συνκαταβάντες 1
2446ACT255iz98εἴ τί ἐστιν ἐν τῷ ἀνδρὶ ἄτοπον 1If there is something wrong with the man
2447ACT255nei6κατηγορείτωσαν αὐτοῦ 1you should accuse him
2448ACT256fi270General Information:
2449ACT256s69cκαταβὰς εἰς Καισάρειαν 1down to Caesarea

Jerusalem is higher geographically than Caesarea. It was common to speak of coming down from Jerusalem.

2450ACT256qv24figs-metonymyκαθίσας ἐπὶ τοῦ βήματος 1sat in the judgment seat
2451ACT256j7c5figs-activepassiveτὸν Παῦλον ἀχθῆναι 1Paul to be brought to him
2452ACT257v4v8παραγενομένου δὲ αὐτοῦ 1When he arrived
2453ACT257e7g2figs-metaphorπολλὰ ... βαρέα αἰτιώματα καταφέροντες 1they brought many serious charges
2454ACT258hc3wfigs-synecdocheεἰς τὸ ἱερὸν 1against the temple
2455ACT259m49r0Connecting Statement:

Paul asks to be taken before Caesar for judgment.

2456ACT259b49xfigs-synecdocheθέλων τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις χάριν καταθέσθαι 1wanted to gain the favor of the Jews
2457ACT259qe8hεἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα ἀναβὰς 1to go up to Jerusalem

Jerusalem was higher geographically than Caesarea. It was common to speak of going up to Jerusalem.

2458ACT259wi2dfigs-activepassiveἐκεῖ περὶ τούτων κριθῆναι ἐπ’ ἐμοῦ 1and to be judged by me about these things there
2459ACT2510u1effigs-metonymyἐπὶ τοῦ βήματος Καίσαρος ἑστώς εἰμι, οὗ με δεῖ κρίνεσθαι 1I stand before the judgment seat of Caesar where I must be judged
2460ACT2511el9dfigs-hypoοὖν ἀδικῶ καὶ ἄξιον θανάτου πέπραχά τι, οὐ παραιτοῦμαι τὸ ἀποθανεῖν; εἰ δὲ οὐδέν ἐστιν ὧν οὗτοι κατηγοροῦσίν μου, οὐδείς με δύναται αὐτοῖς χαρίσασθαι 1Though if I have done wrong ... no one may hand me over to them

Paul is stating a hypothetical situation. If he were guilty, he would accept the punishment, but he knows that he is not guilty. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])

2461ACT2511ta55εἰ ... ἄξιον θανάτου πέπραχά τι 1if I have done what is worthy of death
2462ACT2511hxr1οὐδέν ἐστιν ὧν οὗτοι κατηγοροῦσίν 1if their accusations are nothing
2463ACT2511hr23οὐδείς με δύναται αὐτοῖς χαρίσασθαι 1no one may hand me over to them

Possible meanings are 1) Festus does not have the legal authority to hand Paul over to these false accusers or 2) Paul was saying that if he has done nothing wrong, the governor should not give into the request of the Jews.

2464ACT2511b1bfΚαίσαρα ἐπικαλοῦμαι 1I appeal to Caesar
2465ACT2512t96zμετὰ τοῦ συμβουλίου 1with the council
2466ACT2513izu8writing-participants0General Information:

King Agrippa and Bernice are new people in the story. Though he ruled over only a few territories, King Agrippa is the current reigning king in Palestine. Bernice is Agrippa's sister.(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2467ACT2513ge5h0Connecting Statement:

Festus explains Paul's case to King Agrippa.

2468ACT2513c3gcδὲ1Now

This word marks the beginning of a new event in the story.

2469ACT2513ukd3ἀσπασάμενοι τὸν Φῆστον 1to pay an official visit to Festus
2470ACT2514x8jffigs-activepassiveἀνήρ τὶς ἐστιν καταλελειμμένος ὑπὸ Φήλικος δέσμιος 1A certain man was left behind here by Felix as a prisoner
2471ACT2514z7ywΦήλικος1Felix

Felix was the Roman governor of the area who resided in Caesarea. See how you translated this name in Acts 23:24.

2472ACT2515b6hxfigs-metaphorπερὶ οὗ ... ἐνεφάνισαν 1brought charges against this man
2473ACT2515hyp5figs-abstractnounsαἰτούμενοι κατ’ αὐτοῦ καταδίκην 1they asked for a sentence of condemnation against him
2474ACT2516e4tkfigs-metaphorχαρίζεσθαί τινα ἄνθρωπον 1to hand over anyone
2475ACT2516xjb4figs-idiomπρὶν ἢ ὁ κατηγορούμενος, κατὰ πρόσωπον ... τοὺς κατηγόρους 1before the accused had faced his accusers
2476ACT2517z6g2οὖν1Therefore
2477ACT2517rm5zσυνελθόντων ... ἐνθάδε 1when they came together here
2478ACT2517efe2figs-metonymyκαθίσας ἐπὶ τοῦ βήματος 1I sat in the judgment seat
2479ACT2517hm6gfigs-activepassiveἐκέλευσα ἀχθῆναι τὸν ἄνδρα 1I ordered the man to be brought in
2480ACT2519d1qmτῆς ἰδίας δεισιδαιμονίας 1their own religion
2481ACT2520y9bvfigs-idiomκἀκεῖ κρίνεσθαι περὶ τούτων 1to stand trial there about these charges
2482ACT2521yli30Connecting Statement:

Festus finishes explaining Paul's case to King Agrippa.

2483ACT2521ie7xfigs-activepassiveτοῦ δὲ Παύλου ἐπικαλεσαμένου τηρηθῆναι αὐτὸν εἰς τὴν τοῦ Σεβαστοῦ διάγνωσιν 1But when Paul appealed to be kept in custody while awaiting the decision of the emperor
2484ACT2521ceq2figs-activepassiveἐκέλευσα τηρεῖσθαι αὐτὸν 1I ordered him to be held in custody
2485ACT2522t322writing-quotations
2486ACT2523y1yj0General Information:

Though he ruled over only a few territories, Agrippa was the current reigning king in Palestine. Bernice was his sister. See how you translated these names in Acts 25:13.

2487ACT2523qlm50Connecting Statement:

Festus again gives information about Paul's case to King Agrippa.

2488ACT2523yw76μετὰ πολλῆς φαντασίας 1with much ceremony
2489ACT2523ldb7τὸ ἀκροατήριον 1the hall

This was a large room where people gathered for ceremonies, trials, and other events.

2490ACT2523at4tfigs-activepassiveἤχθη ὁ Παῦλος 1Paul was brought to them
2491ACT2524n8qjfigs-hyperboleἅπαν τὸ πλῆθος τῶν Ἰουδαίων 1all the multitude of Jews
2492ACT2524ae3vβοῶντες1they shouted to me
2493ACT2524yv2qfigs-litotesμὴ δεῖν αὐτὸν ζῆν μηκέτι 1he should no longer live
2494ACT2525fe2nfigs-you0General Information:
2495ACT2525f6hyδὲ τούτου ἐπικαλεσαμένου τὸν Σεβαστὸν 1because he appealed to the emperor
2496ACT2525g856τὸν Σεβαστὸν 1the emperor

The emperor was the ruler of the Roman empire. He ruled over many countries and provinces.

2497ACT2526jcq2προήγαγον αὐτὸν ἐφ’ ὑμῶν, καὶ μάλιστα ἐπὶ σοῦ, Βασιλεῦ Ἀγρίππα 1I have brought him to you, especially to you, King Agrippa
2498ACT2526rhy2ὅπως ... σχῶ τι γράψω 1so that I might have something more to write
2499ACT2527txs6figs-doublenegativesἄλογον ... μοι δοκεῖ πέμποντα δέσμιον, μὴ καὶ ... σημᾶναι 1it seems unreasonable for me to send a prisoner and to not also state
2500ACT2527xm65τὰς κατ’ αὐτοῦ αἰτίας 1the charges against him

Possible meanings are 1) the accusations that the Jewish leaders have brought against him or 2) the charges under Roman law that apply to Paul's case.

2501ACT26introe2q60

Acts 26 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This is the third account of Paul's conversion in the book of Acts. Because this is such an important event in the early church, there are three accounts of Paul's conversion. (See: Acts 9 and Acts 22)

Paul told the King Agrippa why he had done what he had done and that the governor should not punish him for that.

Special concepts in this chapter

Light and darkness

The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases God, as if they were walking around in darkness. It speaks of light as if it were what enables those sinful people to become righteous, to understand what they are doing wrong and begin to obey God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])

2502ACT261b34d0Connecting Statement:

Festus has brought Paul before King Agrippa. In verse 2, Paul gives his defense to King Agrippa.

2503ACT261gz9fἈγρίππας1Agrippa

Agrippa was the current reigning king in Palestine, though he ruled over only a few territories. See how you translated this name in Acts 25:13.

2504ACT261wme6ἐκτείνας τὴν χεῖρα 1stretched out his hand
2505ACT261vni8figs-abstractnounsἀπελογεῖτο1made his defense
2506ACT262ha47ἥγημαι ἐμαυτὸν μακάριον 1I regard myself as happy

Paul was happy because he considered his appearance before Agrippa to be an opportunity to speak about the gospel.

2507ACT262xhz1ἀπολογεῖσθαι1to make my case
2508ACT262mdq2figs-abstractnounsπερὶ πάντων ὧν ἐνκαλοῦμαι ὑπὸ Ἰουδαίων 1against all the accusations of the Jews
2509ACT262cbr3figs-synecdocheἸουδαίων1the Jews
2510ACT263kns2figs-explicitζητημάτων1questions
2511ACT264t8bgfigs-hyperboleπάντες οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι 1all the Jews
2512ACT264x96hἐν τῷ ἔθνει μου 1in my own nation

Possible meanings are 1) among his own people, not necessarily in the geographical land of Israel or 2) in the land of Israel.

2513ACT265y9a1τὴν ἀκριβεστάτην αἵρεσιν τῆς ἡμετέρας θρησκείας 1the strictest party of our religion
2514ACT266xkp9figs-you0General Information:
2515ACT266s9krνῦν1Now

This word marks a shift from Paul discussing his past to talking about himself in the present.

2516ACT266i9y5figs-activepassiveἕστηκα κρινόμενος 1I stand here to be judged
2517ACT266r42gfigs-metaphorἐπ’ ἐλπίδι τῆς εἰς τοὺς πατέρας ἡμῶν ἐπαγγελίας, γενομένης ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1of my certain hope in the promise made by God to our fathers
2518ACT267hnf1figs-metonymyεἰς ἣν τὸ δωδεκάφυλον ἡμῶν ... ἐλπίζει καταντῆσαι 1For this is the promise that our twelve tribes sought to receive
2519ACT267apf2figs-metaphorεἰς ἣν ... ἐλπίζει καταντῆσαι 1the promise ... sought to receive

This speaks about a promise as if it were an object that can be received. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2520ACT267kzg4figs-merismνύκτα καὶ ἡμέραν λατρεῦον 1worshiped God night and day
2521ACT267c4lmfigs-synecdocheὑπὸ Ἰουδαίων 1that the Jews
2522ACT268de83figs-rquestionτί ἄπιστον κρίνεται παρ’ ὑμῖν, εἰ ὁ Θεὸς νεκροὺς ἐγείρει 1Why should any of you think it is unbelievable that God raises the dead?
2523ACT268ukk6νεκροὺς ἐγείρει 1raises the dead
2524ACT269hm33μὲν οὖν 1Now indeed

Paul uses this phrase to mark another shift in his defense. He is now beginning to describe how he formerly persecuted Jesus' people.

2525ACT269r4dffigs-metonymyπρὸς τὸ ὄνομα Ἰησοῦ ... ἐναντία 1against the name of Jesus
2526ACT2610nys7figs-activepassiveἀναιρουμένων ... αὐτῶν κατήνεγκα ψῆφον 1when they were killed, I cast my vote against them
2527ACT2611rri6πολλάκις τιμωρῶν αὐτοὺς 1I punished them many times

Possible meanings are 1) Paul punished some believers many times or 2) Paul punished many different believers.

2528ACT2612p55i0Connecting Statement:

While talking to King Agrippa, Paul tells about when the Lord spoke with him.

2529ACT2612us8dἐν οἷς 1While I was doing this

Paul uses this phrase to mark another shift in his defense. He is now telling about when he saw Jesus and became his disciple.

2530ACT2612h3icἐν οἷς 1While

This word is used to mark two events that are happening at the same time. In this case, Paul went to Damascus during the time when he persecuted Christians.

2531ACT2612ajp6μετ’ ἐξουσίας καὶ ἐπιτροπῆς 1with authority and orders

Paul had written letters from the Jewish leaders, granting him authority to persecute the Jewish believers.

2532ACT2614sip5figs-metonymyἤκουσα φωνὴν, λέγουσαν πρός με 1I heard a voice speaking to me that said
2533ACT2614du3tΣαοὺλ‘, Σαούλ, τί με διώκεις 1Saul, Saul, why do you persecute me?
2534ACT2614zsi2figs-metaphorσκληρόν σοι πρὸς κέντρα λακτίζειν 1It is hard for you to kick a goad
2535ACT2615h2ws0Connecting Statement:

Paul continues giving his defense to King Agrippa. In these verses he continues quoting his conversation with the Lord.

2536ACT2618fk1kfigs-metaphorἀνοῖξαι ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτῶν 1to open their eyes

Helping people to understand the truth is spoken of as if a person were literally helping someone to open his eyes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2537ACT2618gw8ffigs-metaphorἐπιστρέψαι ἀπὸ σκότους εἰς φῶς 1to turn them from darkness to light

Helping someone to stop doing what is evil and to start trusting and obeying God is spoken of as if the person is literally leading someone out of a dark place into a place of light. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2538ACT2618q3h8figs-metaphorἐπιστρέψαι ἀπὸ ... τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ Σατανᾶ 1to turn them ... from the power of Satan to God

Helping someone to stop obeying Satan and to start obeying God is spoken of as if a person were literally turning a person and taking them from the place where Satan rules and leading him to the place where God rules. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2539ACT2618m65ifigs-abstractnounsτοῦ λαβεῖν αὐτοὺς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν 1they may receive from God the forgiveness of sins
2540ACT2618m9vefigs-metaphorκλῆρον1an inheritance

The blessings that Jesus gives to those who believe in him are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that children receive from their father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2541ACT2618c5ijfigs-metaphorτοῖς ἡγιασμένοις πίστει τῇ εἰς ἐμέ 1sanctified by faith in me

Jesus choosing some people to belong to him is spoken of as if he literally set them apart from other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2542ACT2618bgc5πίστει τῇ εἰς ἐμέ 1by faith in me
2543ACT2619ljx2ὅθεν1Therefore
2544ACT2619zv2ufigs-doublenegativesοὐκ ἐγενόμην 1I did not disobey
2545ACT2619sn4hfigs-metonymyτῇ οὐρανίῳ ὀπτασίᾳ 1the heavenly vision
2546ACT2620fei4figs-metaphorἐπιστρέφειν ἐπὶ τὸν Θεόν 1turn to God
2547ACT2620h1v2figs-abstractnounsἄξια τῆς μετανοίας ἔργα πράσσοντας 1doing deeds worthy of repentance
2548ACT2621tl6tfigs-synecdocheἸουδαῖοι1the Jews
2549ACT2622n5hn0Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes giving his defense to King Agrippa.

2550ACT2622t8f4μικρῷ τε καὶ μεγάλῳ, οὐδὲν 1to the common people and to the great ones about nothing
2551ACT2622f6pyοὐδὲν ἐκτὸς ... ὧν 1about nothing more than what
2552ACT2622i9kiὧν τε οἱ προφῆται 1what the prophets

Paul is referring to the collective writings of the Old Testament prophets.

2553ACT2623pe9hfigs-explicitεἰ παθητὸς ὁ Χριστός 1that Christ must suffer
2554ACT2623p9t8ἐξ ἀναστάσεως 1to rise

to come back to life

2555ACT2623sc5fνεκρῶν1from the dead
2556ACT2623z2msfigs-metaphorφῶς μέλλει καταγγέλλειν 1he would proclaim light
2557ACT2624h5b90Connecting Statement:

Paul and King Agrippa continue to talk together.

2558ACT2624dvn2μαίνῃ1you are insane
2559ACT2624tk27τὰ πολλά σε γράμματα εἰς μανίαν περιτρέπει 1your great learning makes you insane
2560ACT2625dur9figs-doublenegativesοὐ μαίνομαι ... ἀλλὰ 1I am not insane ... but
2561ACT2625a6pbκράτιστε Φῆστε 1most excellent Festus
2562ACT2626ed7yfigs-123personγὰρ ... ὁ βασιλεύς, πρὸς ὃν ... αὐτὸν 1For the king ... to him ... from him
2563ACT2626cs7bπαρρησιαζόμενος λαλῶ 1I speak freely
2564ACT2626svn9figs-activepassiveπείθομαι1I am persuaded
2565ACT2626tta8figs-activepassiveλανθάνειν ... αὐτὸν τι τούτων οὐ 1that none of this is hidden from him
2566ACT2626v1uufigs-activepassiveοὐ ... ἐστιν ἐν γωνίᾳ πεπραγμένον τοῦτο 1has not been done in a corner
2567ACT2626i5wgfigs-metaphorἐν γωνίᾳ 1in a corner
2568ACT2627a4a2figs-rquestionπιστεύεις, Βασιλεῦ Ἀγρίππα, τοῖς προφήταις 1Do you believe the prophets, King Agrippa?
2569ACT2628y8qqfigs-rquestionἐν ὀλίγῳ με πείθεις Χριστιανὸν ποιῆσαι 1In a short time would you persuade me and make me a Christian?
2570ACT2629k7kqfigs-metonymyπαρεκτὸς τῶν δεσμῶν τούτων 1but without these prison chains
2571ACT2630k7jh0General Information:

Bernice was the sister of King Agrippa (Acts 25:13).

2572ACT2630gaq50Connecting Statement:

This ends Paul's time before King Agrippa.

2573ACT2630u8vlἀνέστη τε ὁ βασιλεὺς καὶ ὁ ἡγεμὼν 1Then the king stood up, and the governor
2574ACT2631blz8figs-abstractnounsοὐδὲν θανάτου ἢ δεσμῶν ἄξιον τι πράσσει ὁ ἄνθρωπος οὗτος 1This man does nothing worthy of death or of bonds
2575ACT2632n293figs-activepassiveἀπολελύσθαι ἐδύνατο ὁ ἄνθρωπος οὗτο 1This man could have been freed
2576ACT27intror82x0

Acts 27 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Sailing

People who lived near the sea traveled by boat powered by the wind. During some months of the year, the wind would blow in the wrong direction or so hard that sailing was impossible.

Trust

Paul trusted God to bring him safely to land. He told the sailers and soldiers to trust that God would also keep them alive. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])

Paul breaks bread

Luke uses almost the same words here to describe Paul taking bread, thanking God, breaking it, and eating it that he used to describe the last supper Jesus ate with his disciples. However, your translation should not make your reader think that Paul was leading a religious celebration here.

2577ACT271efe4figs-exclusive0General Information:
2578ACT271dyf50Connecting Statement:

Paul, as a prisoner, begins his journey to Rome.

2579ACT271b2yzfigs-activepassiveὡς .. ἐκρίθη 1When it was decided
2580ACT271yv84ἀποπλεῖν ... εἰς τὴν Ἰταλίαν 1sail for Italy
2581ACT271s6nyπαρεδίδουν τόν τε Παῦλον καί τινας ἑτέρους δεσμώτας, ἑκατοντάρχῃ ὀνόματι Ἰουλίῳ, σπείρης Σεβαστῆς 1they put Paul and some other prisoners under the charge of a centurion named Julius of the Imperial Regiment
2582ACT271k52uπαρεδίδουν τόν τε Παῦλον καί τινας ἑτέρους δεσμώτας 1they put Paul and some other prisoners
2583ACT271un2stranslate-namesἑκατοντάρχῃ ὀνόματι Ἰουλίῳ 1a centurion named Julius

Julius is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2584ACT271d22ftranslate-namesσπείρης Σεβαστῆς 1the Imperial Regiment
2585ACT272dnr9figs-metonymyἐπιβάντες ... πλοίῳ ... μέλλοντι πλεῖν 1We boarded a ship ... which was about to sail
2586ACT272fqy2πλοίῳ Ἀδραμυντηνῷ 1a ship from Adramyttium

Possible meanings are 1) a ship that had come from Adramyttium or 2) a ship that was registered or licensed in Adramyttium.

2587ACT272f8pfμέλλοντι πλεῖν 1about to sail
2588ACT272m3psἀνήχθημεν1went to sea
2589ACT272h3uyἈριστάρχου1Aristarchus

Aristarchus came from Macedonia but had been working with Paul in Ephesus. See how you translated his name in Acts 19:29.

2590ACT273r71efigs-exclusive0General Information:
2591ACT273u6ltφιλανθρώπως ... ὁ Ἰούλιος τῷ Παύλῳ χρησάμενος 1Julius treated Paul kindly
2592ACT273rp73figs-abstractnounsπρὸς τοὺς φίλους πορευθέντι, ἐπιμελείας τυχεῖν 1go to his friends to receive their care
2593ACT274d4hgἀναχθέντες, ὑπεπλεύσαμεν 1we went to sea and sailed
2594ACT274mjt8ὑπεπλεύσαμεν τὴν Κύπρον 1sailed under the lee of Cyprus, close to the island
2595ACT275g1t7Παμφυλίαν1Pamphylia

This was a province in Asia Minor. See how you translated this in Acts 2:10.

2596ACT275y6m6figs-explicitκατήλθαμεν εἰς Μύρρα τῆς Λυκίας 1we landed at Myra, a city of Lycia
2597ACT275ni2xtranslate-namesκατήλθαμεν εἰς Μύρρα 1landed at Myra

Myra is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2598ACT275uaf4translate-namesτῆς Λυκίας 1a city of Lycia

Lycia was a Roman province, located on the southwestern coast of modern-day Turkey. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2599ACT276j4cffigs-explicitεὑρὼν ... πλοῖον Ἀλεξανδρῖνον, πλέον εἰς τὴν Ἰταλίαν 1found a ship from Alexandria that was going to sail to Italy
2600ACT276fdq2translate-namesἈλεξανδρῖνον1Alexandria

This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2601ACT277zzw1figs-explicitδὲ ..., βραδυπλοοῦντες καὶ μόλις, γενόμενοι 1When we had sailed slowly ... finally arrived with difficulty

You can make explicit that the reason they were sailing slowly and with difficulty was because the wind was blowing against them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2602ACT277pye5translate-namesκατὰ τὴν Κνίδον 1near Cnidus

This is an ancient settlement located in modern-day Turkey. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2603ACT277hhf1μὴ προσεῶντος ἡμᾶς τοῦ ἀνέμου 1the wind no longer allowed us to go that way
2604ACT277b746ὑπεπλεύσαμεν τὴν Κρήτην 1so we sailed along the sheltered side of Crete
2605ACT277mq4ntranslate-namesκατὰ Σαλμώνην 1opposite Salmone

This is a coastal city in Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2606ACT278p4rifigs-explicitμόλις ... παραλεγόμενοι αὐτὴν 1We sailed along the coast with difficulty

You can make explicit that even though the winds were not as strong as before, they were still strong enough to make sailing difficult. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2607ACT278a64ytranslate-namesΚαλοὺς Λιμένας 1Fair Havens

This was a port near Lasea, located on the south coast of Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2608ACT278n7retranslate-namesἐγγὺς πόλις ἦν Λασαία 1near the city of Lasea

This is a coastal city in Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2609ACT279ea4lἱκανοῦ ... χρόνου διαγενομένου 1We had now taken much time

Because of the direction the wind was blowing, the journey from Caesarea to Fair Havens had taken more time than planned.

2610ACT279vlu4figs-exclusiveδιαγενομένου1We had now taken

The writer includes himself, Paul, and those who were traveling with them, but not the reader. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])

2611ACT279u6x5καὶ ὄντος ἤδη ἐπισφαλοῦς τοῦ πλοὸς, διὰ τὸ καὶ τὴν νηστείαν ἤδη παρεληλυθέναι 1the time of the Jewish fast also had passed, and it had now become dangerous to sail

This fast took place on the Day of Atonement, which was usually either in the last part of September or the first part of October according to Western calendars. After this time, there was a higher risk of seasonal storms.

2612ACT2710p29vθεωρῶ ὅτι μετὰ ὕβρεως καὶ πολλῆς ζημίας ... μέλλειν ἔσεσθαι τὸν πλοῦν 1I see that the voyage we are about to take will be with injury and much loss
2613ACT2710nx9cζημίας, οὐ μόνον τοῦ φορτίου καὶ τοῦ πλοίου, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν ψυχῶν ἡμῶν 1loss, not only of the cargo and the ship, but also of our lives
2614ACT2710q9xtοὐ μόνον τοῦ φορτίου καὶ τοῦ πλοίου 1not only of the cargo and the ship
2615ACT2711b1kzfigs-activepassiveὑπὸ Παύλου λεγομένοις 1that were spoken by Paul
2616ACT2712l2n4figs-activepassiveἀνευθέτου ... τοῦ λιμένος ὑπάρχοντος πρὸς παραχειμασίαν 1harbor was not easy to spend the winter in
2617ACT2712jmi3λιμένος1harbor

a place near land that is usually safe for ships

2618ACT2712k2titranslate-namesΦοίνικα1city of Phoenix

Phoenix is a city port on the south coast of Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2619ACT2712z1lffigs-metaphorπαραχειμάσαι1to spend the winter there
2620ACT2712x6vlβλέποντα κατὰ λίβα καὶ κατὰ χῶρον 1facing both southwest and northwest
2621ACT2712gyd2λίβα καὶ ... χῶρον 1southwest and northwest
2622ACT2713xx67ἄραντες1weighed anchor
2623ACT2714hv8h0Connecting Statement:

Paul and those traveling on the boat encounter a fierce storm.

2624ACT2714m2xeμετ’ οὐ πολὺ 1after a short time
2625ACT2714fs4zἄνεμος τυφωνικὸς 1a wind of hurricane force
2626ACT2714g1ektranslate-transliterateκαλούμενος Εὐρακύλων 1called the northeaster
2627ACT2714tz2kἔβαλεν κατ’ αὐτῆς 1began to beat down from the island
2628ACT2715fxp1συναρπασθέντος δὲ τοῦ πλοίου, καὶ μὴ δυναμένου ἀντοφθαλμεῖν τῷ ἀνέμῳ 1When the ship was caught by the storm and could no longer head into the wind
2629ACT2715w1hlfigs-activepassiveἐπιδόντες ἐφερόμεθα 1we had to give way to the storm and were driven along by the wind
2630ACT2716c4cgνησίον ... τι ὑποδραμόντες 1We sailed along the lee of a small island
2631ACT2716aq56translate-namesνησίον ... τι ὑποδραμόντες 1a small island called Cauda

This island was located on the south coast of Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2632ACT2716h9z2σκάφης1lifeboat

This is a smaller boat that is sometimes pulled behind the ship, and sometimes it was brought onto the ship and tied down. The smaller boat was used for various reasons, including escaping from a sinking ship.

2633ACT2717v9agἣν ἄραντες 1they had hoisted the lifeboat up
2634ACT2717tx1fβοηθείαις ἐχρῶντο, ὑποζωννύντες τὸ πλοῖον 1they used its ropes to bind the hull of the ship
2635ACT2717dvv4translate-namesτὴν Σύρτιν 1sandbars of Syrtis

Sandbars are very shallow areas in the sea where ships can get stuck in the sand. Syrtis is located on the coast of Libya, northern Africa. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2636ACT2717l8klχαλάσαντες τὸ σκεῦος 1they lowered the sea anchor

They put the ship's anchor in the water in order to slow down where the wind would blow them.

2637ACT2717v6dnσκεῦος1anchor

An anchor is a heavy object attached to a rope that is secured to the boat. The anchor is tossed into the water and sinks to the bottom of the sea keeping the ship from drifting about. See how you translated this in Acts 27:13.

2638ACT2717g7rwfigs-activepassiveἐφέροντο1were driven along
2639ACT2718fx4mfigs-activepassiveσφοδρῶς ... χειμαζομένων 1We took such a violent battering by the storm
2640ACT2718nd5hἐκβολὴν ἐποιοῦντο 1they began throwing the cargo overboard
2641ACT2718ny6kἐκβολὴν1cargo
2642ACT2719vm2kαὐτόχειρες τὴν σκευὴν τοῦ πλοίου ἔριψαν 1the sailors threw overboard the ship's equipment with their own hands
2643ACT2720if7aμήτε δὲ ἡλίου μήτε ἄστρων ἐπιφαινόντων ἐπὶ πλείονας ἡμέρας 1When the sun and stars did not shine on us for many days

They could not see the sun and stars because of the dark storm clouds. Sailors needed to see the sun and stars in order to know where they were and what direction they were headed.

2644ACT2720p2wdχειμῶνός ... οὐκ ὀλίγου ἐπικειμένου 1the great storm still beat upon us
2645ACT2720mnj5figs-activepassiveπεριῃρεῖτο ἐλπὶς πᾶσα, τοῦ σῴζεσθαι ἡμᾶς 1any more hope that we should be saved was abandoned
2646ACT2721mmb20Connecting Statement:

Paul speaks to the sailors on the ship.

2647ACT2721d1lefigs-explicitπολλῆς τε ἀσιτίας ὑπαρχούσης 1When they had gone long without food
2648ACT2721zns2μέσῳ αὐτῶν 1among the sailors
2649ACT2721bc1xκερδῆσαί τε τὴν ὕβριν ταύτην, καὶ τὴν ζημίαν 1so as to get this injury and loss
2650ACT2722d95rfigs-explicitἀποβολὴ ... ψυχῆς οὐδεμία ἔσται ἐξ ὑμῶν 1there will be no loss of life among you
2651ACT2722djh4πλὴν τοῦ πλοίου 1but only the loss of the ship
2652ACT2724z1j8figs-metonymyΚαίσαρί σε δεῖ παραστῆναι 1You must stand before Caesar
2653ACT2724s3wvκεχάρισταί σοι ... πάντας τοὺς πλέοντας μετὰ σοῦ 1has given to you all those who are sailing with you
2654ACT2725r9t8figs-activepassiveκαθ’ ὃν τρόπον λελάληταί μοι 1just as it was told to me
2655ACT2726vmp6εἰς νῆσον ... τινα, δεῖ ἡμᾶς ἐκπεσεῖν 1we must run aground upon some island
2656ACT2727im340Connecting Statement:

The fierce storm continues.

2657ACT2727rrm5translate-ordinalὡς δὲ τεσσαρεσκαιδεκάτη νὺξ ἐγένετο 1When the fourteenth night had come
2658ACT2727la7ufigs-activepassiveδιαφερομένων ἡμῶν 1as we were driven this way and that
2659ACT2727afs6translate-namesτῷ Ἀδρίᾳ 1the Adriatic Sea

This is the sea between Italy and Greece. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2660ACT2728ruj1βολίσαντες1They took soundings
2661ACT2728tq53translate-numbersεὗρον ὀργυιὰς εἴκοσι 1found twenty fathoms
2662ACT2728ig3mtranslate-numbersεὗρον ὀργυιὰς δεκαπέντε 1found fifteen fathoms
2663ACT2729b1qcἀγκύρας1anchors

An anchor is a heavy object attached to a rope that is secured to the boat. The anchor is tossed into the water and sinks to the bottom of the sea, keeping the ship from drifting about. See how you translated this in Acts 27:13.

2664ACT2729q4amἐκ πρύμνης 1from the stern
2665ACT2730br71figs-you0General Information:
2666ACT2730b4wvτὴν σκάφην 1the lifeboat

This is a smaller boat that is sometimes pulled behind the ship and sometime it was brought onto the ship and tied down. The smaller boat was used for various reasons, including escaping from a sinking ship. See how you translated this in Acts 27:16.

2667ACT2730rr89ἐκ πρῴρης 1from the bow
2668ACT2731ez5cfigs-doublenegativesἐὰν μὴ οὗτοι μείνωσιν ἐν τῷ πλοίῳ, ὑμεῖς σωθῆναι οὐ δύνασθε 1Unless these men stay in the ship, you cannot be saved
2669ACT2733q3y8ἄχρι δὲ οὗ ἡμέρα ἤμελλεν γίνεσθαι 1When daylight was coming on
2670ACT2733j5ygtranslate-ordinalτεσσαρεσκαιδεκάτην σήμερον ἡμέραν 1This day is the fourteenth day that
2671ACT2734j3qxfigs-idiomοὐδενὸς ... ὑμῶν θρὶξ ἀπὸ τῆς κεφαλῆς ἀπολεῖται 1not one of you will lose a single hair from his head
2672ACT2735yh7yκλάσας1broke the bread
2673ACT2736zt9qfigs-activepassiveεὔθυμοι δὲ γενόμενοι πάντες 1Then they were all encouraged
2674ACT2737ynq3translate-numbersἤμεθα δὲ αἱ πᾶσαι ψυχαὶ ἐν τῷ πλοίῳ, διακόσιαι ἑβδομήκοντα ἕξ 1We were 276 people in the ship
2675ACT2739vdk2κόλπον1bay

a large area of water partly surrounded by land

2676ACT2739r1bxτὴν γῆν οὐκ ἐπεγίνωσκον 1did not recognize the land
2677ACT2740k66vτὰς ἀγκύρας περιελόντες, εἴων 1cut loose the anchors and left them
2678ACT2740ntr9πηδαλίων1rudders

large oars or pieces of wood at the back of the ship used for steering

2679ACT2740cn2wτὸν ἀρτέμωνα 1the foresail
2680ACT2740pa1kκατεῖχον εἰς τὸν αἰγιαλόν 1they headed to the beach
2681ACT2741y22nπεριπεσόντες ... εἰς τόπον διθάλασσον 1they came to a place where two currents met

A current is water flowing in one continuous direction. Sometimes more than one water current can flow across another. This may cause the sand under the water to pile up making the water more shallow.

2682ACT2741cpu5πρῷρα1The bow of the ship
2683ACT2741v35zἡ ... πρύμνα 1the stern
2684ACT2742qul7τῶν ... στρατιωτῶν, βουλὴ ἐγένετο 1The soldiers' plan was
2685ACT2743s2szἐκώλυσεν αὐτοὺς τοῦ βουλήματος 1so he stopped their plan
2686ACT2743br8uἀπορίψαντας1jump overboard
2687ACT2744hw7pοὓς ... ἐπὶ σανίσιν 1some on planks
2688ACT28introw8yn0
2689ACT281p1bdfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2690ACT281twx80Connecting Statement:

After the shipwreck, people on the island of Malta helped Paul and everyone on the ship. They stay there for 3 months.

2691ACT281j1yffigs-activepassiveκαὶ διασωθέντες 1When we were brought safely through
2692ACT281tt1ifigs-exclusiveἐπέγνωμεν 1we learned
2693ACT281f8y4translate-namesΜελίτη ἡ νῆσος καλεῖται 1the island was called Malta

Malta is an island located south of the modern-day island of Sicily. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2694ACT282e7w6οἵ ... βάρβαροι 1The native people
2695ACT282v8yhfigs-metaphorπαρεῖχαν οὐ τὴν τυχοῦσαν φιλανθρωπίαν ἡμῖν 1offered to us not just ordinary kindness
2696ACT282r7jyfigs-litotesοὐ τὴν τυχοῦσαν φιλανθρωπίαν 1not just ordinary kindness
2697ACT282z9cpἅψαντες ... πυρὰν 1they lit a fire
2698ACT282itw2προσελάβοντο πάντας ἡμᾶς 1welcomed us all
2699ACT283g4adἜχιδνα ... ἐξελθοῦσα 1a viper came out
2700ACT283xmx4καθῆψε τῆς χειρὸς αὐτοῦ 1fastened onto his hand
2701ACT284ye7hπάντως φονεύς ἐστιν ὁ ἄνθρωπος οὗτος 1This man certainly is a murderer
2702ACT284ma1bfigs-explicitἡ δίκη ... εἴασεν 1yet justice
2703ACT285q5i3ἀποτινάξας τὸ θηρίον εἰς τὸ πῦρ 1shook the animal into the fire
2704ACT285asr8ἔπαθεν οὐδὲν κακόν 1suffered no harm
2705ACT286m11iπίμπρασθαι1become inflamed with a fever

Possible meanings are 1) his body would swell because of the snake venom or 2) he would become very hot with fever.

2706ACT286i6i6figs-doublenegativesμηδὲν ἄτοπον εἰς αὐτὸν γινόμενον 1nothing was unusual with him
2707ACT286u81ufigs-metaphorμεταβαλόμενοι1they changed their minds
2708ACT286cfe9figs-quotationsἔλεγον αὐτὸν εἶναι θεόν 1said that he was a god.
2709ACT286d1rjἔλεγον αὐτὸν εἶναι θεόν 1said that he was a god

Perhaps there was a belief that someone who lived after a poisonous snake bite was divine or a god.

2710ACT287f4safigs-exclusive0General Information:
2711ACT287r95rἐν δὲ τοῖς περὶ τὸν τόπον ἐκεῖνον 1Now in a nearby place
2712ACT287wx6tπρώτῳ τῆς νήσου 1chief man of the island

Possible meanings are 1) the main leader of the people or 2) someone who was the most important person on the island, perhaps because of his wealth.

2713ACT287wh2dtranslate-namesὀνόματι Ποπλίῳ 1a man named Publius

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2714ACT288g12twriting-backgroundἐγένετο δὲ, τὸν πατέρα τοῦ Ποπλίου πυρετοῖς καὶ δυσεντερίῳ συνεχόμενον κατακεῖσθαι 1It happened that the father of Publius ... fever and dysentery

This is background information about Publius' father that is important to understanding the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

2715ACT288m154figs-activepassiveσυνεχόμενον κατακεῖσθαι 1had been made ill
2716ACT288fr46πυρετοῖς καὶ δυσεντερίῳ συνεχόμενον κατακεῖσθαι 1ill with a fever and dysentery

Dysentery is an infectious intestinal disease.

2717ACT288pwk5ἐπιθεὶς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῷ 1placed his hands on him
2718ACT289yk6ufigs-activepassiveἐθεραπεύοντο1were healed
2719ACT2810ydg4πολλαῖς τιμαῖς ἐτίμησαν ἡμᾶς 1honored us with many honors

Probably they honored Paul and those with him by giving them gifts.

2720ACT2811jc5tfigs-explicit0General Information:

The Twin Brothers refers to Castor and Pollux, the twin sons of Zeus, a Greek god. They were thought to be protectors of ships. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2721ACT2811be1c0Connecting Statement:

Paul's journey to Rome continues.

2722ACT2811qi6eπαρακεχειμακότι ἐν τῇ νήσῳ 1that had spent the winter at the island
2723ACT2811cm2tἈλεξανδρίνῳ1a ship of Alexandria

Possible meanings are this refers to 1) a ship that came from Alexandria, or 2) a ship that was registered or licensed in Alexandria.

2724ACT2811em5pΔιοσκούροις1the twin gods
2725ACT2812w5c6translate-namesΣυρακούσας1city of Syracuse

Syracuse is a city on the southeast coast of the modern-day island of Sicily, just southwest of Italy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2726ACT2813se8vtranslate-names0General Information:

The Market of Appius and The Three Taverns was a popular market and inn on the main highway called the Appian Way, about 50 kilometers south of the city of Rome. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2727ACT2813z2u4translate-namesῬήγιον1city of Rhegium

This is the port city located at the southwestern tip of Italy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2728ACT2813p633ἐπιγενομένου νότου 1a south wind sprang up
2729ACT2813tz4htranslate-namesΠοτιόλους1city of Puteoli

Puteoli is located in modern-day Naples on the west coast of Italy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2730ACT2814m1isοὗ εὑρόντες 1There we found
2731ACT2814n3twfigs-gendernotationsἀδελφοὺς1brothers
2732ACT2814a2c5figs-activepassiveπαρεκλήθημεν1were invited
2733ACT2814bc3jκαὶ οὕτως εἰς τὴν Ῥώμην ἤλθαμεν 1In this way we came to Rome
2734ACT2815k754ἀκούσαντες, τὰ περὶ ἡμῶν 1after they heard about us
2735ACT2815m9tzfigs-metaphorεὐχαριστήσας τῷ Θεῷ, ἔλαβε θάρσος 1he thanked God and took courage
2736ACT2816fib2figs-exclusive0General Information:
2737ACT2816hf2t0Connecting Statement:

Paul arrives in Rome as a prisoner but with the freedom to stay in his own place. He calls the local Jews together to explain what has happened to him.

2738ACT2816te8vfigs-activepassiveὅτε δὲ εἰσήλθομεν εἰς Ῥώμην 1When we entered Rome, Paul was allowed to
2739ACT2817vf7rἐγένετο δὲ 1Then it came about that

This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

2740ACT2817d77zτῶν Ἰουδαίων πρώτους 1the leaders among the Jews

These are the Jewish civil or religious leaders present in Rome.

2741ACT2817e1ddἀδελφοί1Brothers
2742ACT2817g55iἐναντίον ... τῷ λαῷ 1against the people
2743ACT2817hgk4figs-activepassiveδέσμιος ἐξ Ἱεροσολύμων παρεδόθην εἰς τὰς χεῖρας τῶν Ῥωμαίων 1I was delivered as a prisoner from Jerusalem into the hands of the Romans
2744ACT2817x3r2figs-metonymyεἰς τὰς χεῖρας τῶν Ῥωμαίων 1into the hands of the Romans
2745ACT2818fed7τὸ μηδεμίαν αἰτίαν θανάτου ὑπάρχειν ἐν ἐμοί 1there was no reason in me for a death penalty
2746ACT2819lr96figs-synecdocheτῶν Ἰουδαίων 1the Jews
2747ACT2819zk8fἀντιλεγόντων 1spoke against their desire
2748ACT2819n6vffigs-activepassiveἠναγκάσθην ἐπικαλέσασθαι Καίσαρα 1I was forced to appeal to Caesar
2749ACT2819e7grfigs-activepassiveοὐχ ὡς τοῦ ἔθνους μου ἔχων τι κατηγορεῖν 1although it is not as if I were bringing any accusation against my nation
2750ACT2820b1fdτῆς ἐλπίδος τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ 1the certain hope of Israel

Possible meanings are 1) the people of Israel confidently expect the Messiah to come or 2) the people of Israel confidently expect God to bring those who have died back to life.

2751ACT2820n3s7figs-metonymyτοῦ Ἰσραὴλ 1Israel
2752ACT2820pgr8figs-metonymyτὴν ἅλυσιν ταύτην περίκειμαι 1that I am bound with this chain
2753ACT2821x5d5figs-exclusive0General Information:
2754ACT2821biz70Connecting Statement:

The Jewish leaders respond to Paul.

2755ACT2821y4bxοὔτε παραγενόμενός τις τῶν ἀδελφῶν 1nor did any of the brothers
2756ACT2822kw1dφρονεῖς, περὶ ... τῆς αἱρέσεως ταύτης 1you think about this sect
2757ACT2822gy8tfigs-activepassiveγὰρ ... γνωστὸν ἡμῖν ἐστι 1because it is known by us
2758ACT2822j12vfigs-activepassiveἐστιν ... πανταχοῦ ἀντιλέγεται 1it is spoken against everywhere
2759ACT2823u7pc0General Information:
2760ACT2823q4ivταξάμενοι ... αὐτῷ ἡμέραν 1had set a day for him
2761ACT2823dg5ffigs-metonymyδιαμαρτυρόμενος τὴν Βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1testified about the kingdom of God
2762ACT2823peu1figs-metonymyτῶν προφητῶν 1from the prophets
2763ACT2824pmd6figs-activepassiveκαὶ οἱ μὲν ἐπείθοντο τοῖς λεγομένοι 1Some were convinced about the things which were said
2764ACT2825t5dq0General Information:
2765ACT2825i5xz0Connecting Statement:

As the Jewish leaders were ready to leave, Paul quotes the Old Testament scriptures that were appropriate for this time.

2766ACT2825n7pmfigs-metonymyεἰπόντος τοῦ Παύλου ῥῆμα ἓν 1after Paul had spoken this one word
2767ACT2825b11nfigs-quotesinquotesκαλῶς τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον ἐλάλησεν διὰ Ἠσαΐου τοῦ προφήτου πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας ὑμῶν 1The Holy Spirit spoke well through Isaiah the prophet to your fathers.

This sentence contains quotations within quotations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])

2768ACT2826qj7qfigs-quotesinquotes
2769ACT2826pax8ἀκοῇ ἀκούσετ ... βλέποντες βλέψετε 1By hearing you will hear ... and seeing you will see
2770ACT2826s1tifigs-parallelismκαὶ οὐ μὴ συνῆτε; ... καὶ οὐ μὴ ἴδητε 1but not understand ... but will not perceive

Both of these phrases mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that the Jewish people will not understand God's plan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

2771ACT2827fz420General Information:

Translate Paul's quotation of Isaiah as a direct quotation or indirect quotation according to how you translated it in Acts 28:25-26.

2772ACT2827qu6t0Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes quoting Isaiah the prophet.

2773ACT2827ts5afigs-metaphorἐπαχύνθη γὰρ ἡ καρδία τοῦ λαοῦ τούτου 1For the heart of this people has become dull
2774ACT2827f5m4figs-metaphorτοῖς ὠσὶν βαρέως ἤκουσαν, καὶ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτῶν ἐκάμμυσαν 1with their ears they hardly hear, and they have shut their eyes

People who stubbornly refuse to understand what God is saying or doing are spoken of as if they are unable to hear and are shutting their eyes so that they will see. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2775ACT2827lr99figs-metonymyτῇ καρδίᾳ συνῶσιν 1understand with their heart
2776ACT2827q8c2figs-metaphorἐπιστρέψωσιν1turn again

To start obeying God is spoken of as though the person were physically turning toward God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2777ACT2827vb9fἰάσομαι αὐτούς 1I would heal them

This does not mean God will only heal them physically. He will also heal them spiritually by forgiving their sins.

2778ACT2828c5750Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes speaking to the Jewish leaders in Rome.

2779ACT2828b2zafigs-metaphorτοῖς ἔθνεσιν ἀπεστάλη τοῦτο τὸ σωτήριον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1this salvation of God has been sent to the Gentiles
2780ACT2828d18nαὐτοὶ ... ἀκούσονται 1they will listen
2781ACT2830c56ewriting-endofstory0Connecting Statement:

Luke ends the story of Paul in the book of Acts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])

2782ACT2831wv1lfigs-metonymyκηρύσσων τὴν Βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1He was proclaiming the kingdom of God