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Matthew 01 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Some translations set a quotation from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this for the quoted material in 1:23.

Special concepts in this chapter

Genealogy

A genealogy is a list that records a person's ancestors or descendants. Jews used genealogies to choose the right man to become king. They did this because only a son of a king could become king. Most important people had records of their genealogies.

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Use of the passive voice

Matthew uses the passive voice very purposefully in this chapter to indicate that Mary did not have a sexual relationship with anyone. She became pregnant with Jesus because the Holy Spirit performed a miracle. Many languages do not have a passive voice, so translators in those languages must find other ways to present the same truths. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

4MAT11ava10General Information:

The author begins with Jesus' genealogy in order to show that he is a descendant of King David and of Abraham. The genealogy continues through Matthew 1:17.

5MAT11y31wβίβλος γενέσεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ1The book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ
6MAT11vpg1Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, υἱοῦ Δαυεὶδ, υἱοῦ Ἀβραάμ1Jesus Christ, son of David, son of Abraham
7MAT11tka3υἱοῦ Δαυεὶδ1son of David
8MAT12ejp6Ἀβραὰμ ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ἰσαάκ1Abraham became the father of Isaac
9MAT12mxm2figs-ellipsisἸσαὰκ … ἐγέννησεν … Ἰακὼβ … ἐγέννησεν1Isaac became the father ... Jacob became the father
10MAT13g8y6translate-namesΦαρὲς … Ζάρα … Ἑσρώμ … Ἀράμ1Perez ... Zerah ... Hezron ... Ram

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

11MAT13t7jgfigs-ellipsisΦαρὲς ... ἐγέννησεν … Ἑσρὼμ … ἐγέννησεν1Perez became the father ... Hezron became the father
12MAT14fe3ufigs-ellipsisἈμιναδὰβ ... ἐγέννησεν … Ναασσὼν … ἐγέννησεν1Amminadab became the father ... Nahshon became the father
13MAT15yr52Σαλμὼν ... ἐγέννησεν τὸν Βόες ἐκ τῆς Ῥαχάβ1Salmon became the father of Boaz by Rahab
14MAT15lj86figs-ellipsisΒόες ... ἐγέννησεν … Ἰωβὴδ … ἐγέννησεν1Boaz became the father ... Obed became the father
15MAT15q5bdΒόες ... ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ἰωβὴδ ἐκ τῆς Ῥούθ1Boaz became the father of Obed by Ruth
16MAT16r84mfigs-ellipsisΔαυεὶδ … ἐγέννησεν τὸν Σολομῶνα ἐκ τῆς τοῦ Οὐρίου1David became the father of Solomon by the wife of Uriah
17MAT16bp35τῆς τοῦ Οὐρίου1the wife of Uriah
18MAT17r881figs-ellipsisῬοβοὰμ ... ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ἀβιά, Ἀβιὰ ... ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ἀσάφ1Rehoboam became the father of Abijah, Abijah became the father of Asa
19MAT110bh7rτὸν Ἀμώς1Amon
20MAT111dk1jἸωσίας ... ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ἰεχονίαν1Josiah became the father of Jechoniah
21MAT111rj7pἐπὶ τῆς μετοικεσίας Βαβυλῶνος1at the time of the deportation to Babylon
22MAT111v2imΒαβυλῶνος1Babylon

Here this means the country of Babylon, not just the city of Babylon.

23MAT112y7cxμετὰ ... τὴν μετοικεσίαν Βαβυλῶνος1After the deportation to Babylon

Use the same wording you used in Matthew 1:11.

24MAT112tx6gΣαλαθιὴλ ... ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ζοροβαβέλ1Shealtiel became the father of Zerubbabel

Shealtiel was Zerubbabel's grandfather.

25MAT115lqk90Connecting Statement:

The author concludes Jesus' genealogy, which began in Matthew 1:1.

26MAT116b3bmfigs-activepassiveΜαρίας, ἐξ ἧς ἐγεννήθη Ἰησοῦς1Mary, by whom Jesus was born
27MAT116z2rgfigs-activepassiveὁ λεγόμενος Χριστός1who is called Christ
28MAT117jzq4translate-numbersδεκατέσσαρες1fourteen
29MAT117z5xwτῆς μετοικεσίας Βαβυλῶνος1the deportation to Babylon

Use the same wording you used in Matthew 1:11.

30MAT118gnl60General Information:

This begins a new part of the story in which the author describes the events leading up to the birth of Jesus.

31MAT118cqt1figs-explicitμνηστευθείσης τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ Μαρίας τῷ Ἰωσήφ1His mother, Mary, was engaged to marry Joseph
32MAT118e4urfigs-explicitμνηστευθείσης τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ Μαρίας1His mother, Mary, was engaged
33MAT118xvk1figs-euphemismπρὶν ... συνελθεῖν αὐτοὺς1before they came together
34MAT118in4afigs-activepassiveεὑρέθη ἐν γαστρὶ ἔχουσα1she was found to be pregnant
35MAT118a71dἐκ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου1by the Holy Spirit

The power of the Holy Spirit had enabled Mary to have a baby before she had slept with a man.

36MAT119j8ebfigs-explicitἸωσὴφ ... ὁ ἀνὴρ αὐτῆς1Joseph, her husband
37MAT119pu3pἀπολῦσαι αὐτήν1to divorce her

cancel their plans to get married

38MAT120iip4αὐτοῦ ἐνθυμηθέντος1As he thought

As Joseph thought

39MAT120fb7eκατ’ ὄναρ ἐφάνη αὐτῷ1appeared to him in a dream

came to him while Joseph was dreaming

40MAT120lc8rυἱὸς Δαυείδ1son of David
41MAT120va5efigs-activepassiveτὸ … ἐν αὐτῇ γεννηθὲν ἐκ Πνεύματός ἐστιν Ἁγίου1the one who is conceived in her is conceived by the Holy Spirit
42MAT121j38fτέξεται ... υἱὸν1She will give birth to a son

Because God sent the angel, the angel knew the baby was a boy.

43MAT121glq8καλέσεις τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ1you will call his name
44MAT121bf5zαὐτὸς γὰρ σώσει1for he will save
45MAT121em9qτὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ1his people

This refers to the Jews.

46MAT122p47iwriting-background0General Information:

The author quotes the prophet Isaiah to show that Jesus' birth was according to scripture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

47MAT122p9laτοῦτο ... ὅλον γέγονεν1All this happened

The angel is no longer speaking. Matthew is now explaining the importance of what the angel said.

48MAT122c1vwfigs-activepassiveτὸ ῥηθὲν ὑπὸ Κυρίου διὰ τοῦ προφήτου1what was spoken by the Lord through the prophet
49MAT122p39kfigs-explicitτοῦ προφήτου1the prophet
50MAT123q19hἰδοὺ ... Ἐμμανουήλ1Behold ... Immanuel

Here Matthew quotes the prophet Isaiah.

51MAT123dw7zἰδοὺ, ἡ παρθένος1Behold, the virgin

Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: the virgin

52MAT123sln1translate-namesἘμμανουήλ1Immanuel

This is a male name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

53MAT123lm6t
54MAT124iue30Connecting Statement:

The author concludes his description of the events leading up to the birth of Jesus.

55MAT124iz4rὡς προσέταξεν ... ὁ ἄγγελος Κυρίου1as the angel of the Lord commanded

The angel had told Joseph to take Mary as his wife and to name the child Jesus.

56MAT124nr5eπαρέλαβεν τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ1he took her as his wife

he married Mary

57MAT125i7p5figs-euphemismοὐκ ἐγίνωσκεν αὐτὴν1he did not know her
58MAT125dlm9υἱόν1to a son
59MAT125jtz8καὶ ἐκάλεσεν τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ, Ἰησοῦν1Then he called his name Jesus

Joseph named the child Jesus

60MAT2introdz1c0
61MAT21j9yn0General Information:

A new part of the story begins here and continues through the end of the chapter. Matthew tells about Herod's attempt to kill the new King of the Jews.

62MAT21k518Βηθλέεμ τῆς Ἰουδαίας1Bethlehem of Judea

the town of Bethlehem in the province of Judea

63MAT21id55ἐν ... ἡμέραις Ἡρῴδου τοῦ βασιλέως1in the days of Herod the king

when Herod was king there

64MAT21kf5gἩρῴδου1Herod

This refers to Herod the Great.

65MAT21p6gcμάγοι ἀπὸ ἀνατολῶν1learned men from the east

men from the east who studied the stars

66MAT21ft22ἀπὸ ἀνατολῶν1from the east

from a country far east of Judea

67MAT22v5t4ποῦ ἐστιν ὁ τεχθεὶς Βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων?1Where is he who was born King of the Jews?
68MAT22zj7cαὐτοῦ τὸν ἀστέρα1his star
69MAT22a7y9ἐν τῇ ἀνατολῇ1in the east
70MAT22v248προσκυνῆσαι1to worship

Possible meanings are 1) they intended to worship the baby as divine, or 2) they wanted to honor him as a human king. If your language has a word that includes both meanings, you should consider using it here.

71MAT23p5rwἐταράχθη1he was troubled
72MAT23qu3dfigs-metonymyπᾶσα Ἱεροσόλυμα1all Jerusalem
73MAT24ne4v0General Information:

In verse 6, the chief priests and scribes of the people quote the prophet Micah to show that the Christ would be born in Bethlehem.

74MAT25w68nἐν Βηθλέεμ τῆς Ἰουδαίας1In Bethlehem of Judea

In the town of Bethlehem in the province of Judea

75MAT25z2i4figs-activepassiveοὕτως … γέγραπται διὰ τοῦ προφήτου1this is what was written by the prophet
76MAT26kmw7figs-apostropheσύ Βηθλέεμ … οὐδαμῶς ἐλαχίστη εἶ ἐν τοῖς ἡγεμόσιν Ἰούδα1you, Bethlehem, ... are not the least among the leaders of Judah
77MAT26tg5dfigs-metaphorὅστις ποιμανεῖ τὸν λαόν μου τὸν Ἰσραήλ1who will shepherd my people Israel
78MAT27b487Ἡρῴδης λάθρᾳ καλέσας τοὺς μάγους1Herod secretly called the learned men

This means that Herod talked to the learned men without other people knowing.

79MAT27tax3figs-quotationsἠκρίβωσεν παρ’ αὐτῶν τὸν χρόνον τοῦ φαινομένου ἀστέρος1to ask them exactly what time the star had appeared
80MAT27vng3figs-explicitτὸν χρόνον τοῦ φαινομένου ἀστέρος1the exact time the star had appeare
81MAT28v7y2τοῦ παιδίου1young child

This refers to Jesus.

82MAT28t4u1ἀπαγγείλατέ μοι1tell me
83MAT28jtw7προσκυνήσω αὐτῷ1worship him

See how you translated this in Matthew 2:2.

84MAT29h1zxοἱ δὲ ἀκούσαντες1After they had heard

After the learned men

85MAT29wl4rεἶδον ἐν τῇ ἀνατολῇ1they had seen in the east
86MAT29hy1iπροῆγεν αὐτούς1went before them
87MAT29jp2jἐστάθη ἐπάνω1stood still over

stopped over

88MAT29w3v1οὗ ἦν τὸ παιδίον1where the young child was

the place where the young child was staying

89MAT211pv3r0Connecting Statement:

Here the scene shifts to the house where Mary, Joseph, and the young Jesus were living.

90MAT211tu5sἐλθόντες1They went

The learned men went

91MAT211d41dtranslate-symactionπεσόντες προσεκύνησαν αὐτῷ1They fell down and worshiped him
92MAT211r452figs-metonymyτοὺς θησαυροὺς αὐτῶν1their treasures
93MAT212zyq6χρηματισθέντες1God warned them
94MAT212dr1pfigs-quotationsκατ’ ὄναρ μὴ ἀνακάμψαι πρὸς Ἡρῴδην1in a dream not to return to Herod, so
95MAT213brp50General Information:

In verse 15, Matthew quotes the prophet Hosea to show that the Christ would spend time in Egypt.

96MAT213iw8pἀναχωρησάντων ... αὐτῶν1after they had departed

the learned men had departed

97MAT213zwj5φαίνεται κατ’ ὄναρ τῷ Ἰωσὴφ1appeared to Joseph in a dream

came to Joseph while he was dreaming

98MAT213u4a4figs-youἐγερθεὶς, παράλαβε … φεῦγε … ἴσθι … σοι1Get up, take ... flee ... Remain ... you

God is speaking to Joseph, so these should all be singular forms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

99MAT213v88ffigs-explicitἕως ἂν εἴπω σοι1until I tell you
100MAT213g3t7εἴπω σοι1I tell you
101MAT215ft3afigs-explicitἦν1He was
102MAT215d11gἕως τῆς τελευτῆς Ἡρῴδου1until the death of Herod

Herod does not die until Matthew 2:19. This statement describes the length of their stay in Egypt, and it does not say that Herod died at this time.

103MAT215d5wlἐξ Αἰγύπτου ἐκάλεσα τὸν Υἱόν μου1Out of Egypt I have called my son

I have called my son out of Egypt

104MAT215dr9bτὸν Υἱόν μου1my son

In Hosea this refers to the people of Israel. Matthew quoted it to say that this was true of God's Son, Jesus. Translate it using a word for son that could refer to the only son or the first son.

105MAT216s2lafigs-events0General Information:

These events happen before Herod's death, which Matthew mentioned in Matthew 2:15. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]])

106MAT216yq7p0Connecting Statement:

Here the scene shifts back to Herod and tells what he did when he learned that the learned men had deceived him.

107MAT216g513figs-activepassiveἐνεπαίχθη ὑπὸ τῶν μάγων1he had been mocked by the learned men
108MAT216d8d5figs-explicitἀποστείλας, ἀνεῖλεν πάντας τοὺς παῖδας1he sent and killed all the male children
109MAT216nkr1translate-numbersδιετοῦς καὶ κατωτέρω1two years old and under
110MAT216dr3rκατὰ τὸν χρόνον1according to the time

based on the time

111MAT217q1y90General Information:

Matthew quotes the prophet Jeremiah to show that the death of all of the male children in the region of Bethlehem was according to scripture.

112MAT217l8g5figs-activepassiveτότε ἐπληρώθη1Then was fulfilled
113MAT217v6a1figs-activepassiveτὸ ῥηθὲν διὰ Ἰερεμίου τοῦ προφήτου1what had been spoken through Jeremiah the prophet
114MAT218p9gkφωνὴ ... ἠκούσθη … οὐκ εἰσίν1A voice was heard ... they were no more

Matthew is quoting the prophet Jeremiah.

115MAT218k91tfigs-activepassiveφωνὴ ... ἠκούσθη1A voice was heard
116MAT218zm17Ῥαχὴλ κλαίουσα τὰ τέκνα αὐτῆς1Rachel weeping for her children

Rachel lived many years before this time. This prophecy shows Rachel, who has died, weeping for her descendants.

117MAT218rgg1figs-activepassiveοὐκ ἤθελεν παρακληθῆναι1she refused to be comforted
118MAT218p9rifigs-euphemismὅτι οὐκ εἰσίν1because they were no more
119MAT219kt2i0Connecting Statement:

Here the scene shifts to Egypt, where Joseph, Mary, and the young Jesus are living.

120MAT219r4yuἰδοὺ1behold

This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this.

121MAT220hz2mfigs-euphemismοἱ ζητοῦντες τὴν ψυχὴν τοῦ παιδίου1those who sought the child's life
122MAT220y6r6οἱ ζητοῦντες1those who sought

This refers to King Herod and his advisors.

123MAT222kg7u0Connecting Statement:

This is the end of the part of the story that began in Matthew 2:1 about Herod's attempt to kill the new King of the Jews.

124MAT222uq8pἀκούσας δὲ1But when he heard

But when Joseph heard

125MAT222h4cqtranslate-namesἈρχέλαος1Archelaus

This is the name of Herod's son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

126MAT222zk37ἐφοβήθη1he was afraid

Joseph was afraid

127MAT223dx5ifigs-activepassiveτὸ ῥηθὲν διὰ τῶν προφητῶν1what had been spoken through the prophets
128MAT223hc8gtranslate-namesΝαζωραῖος κληθήσεται1he would be called a Nazarene
129MAT3introa6h30
130MAT31xp3z0General Information:

This is the beginning of a new part of the story where Matthew tells of the ministry of John the Baptist. In verse 3, Matthew quotes the prophet Isaiah to show that John the Baptist was God's appointed messenger to prepare for Jesus' ministry.

131MAT31d74mἐν ... ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις1In those days
132MAT32w7e9figs-youμετανοεῖτε1Repent

This is plural in form. John is speaking to the crowds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

133MAT32hvx8figs-metonymyἤγγικεν ... ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1the kingdom of heaven is near
134MAT33fl4vfigs-activepassiveοὗτος γάρ ἐστιν ὁ ῥηθεὶς διὰ Ἠσαΐου τοῦ προφήτου λέγοντος1For this is he who was spoken of by Isaiah the prophet, saying
135MAT33hxb6φωνὴ βοῶντος ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ1The voice of one calling out in the wilderness
136MAT33yhe7figs-parallelismἑτοιμάσατε‘ τὴν ὁδὸν Κυρίου; εὐθείας ποιεῖτε τὰς τρίβους αὐτοῦ1Make ready the way of the Lord ... make his paths straight

These two phrases mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

137MAT33y8b5figs-metaphorἑτοιμάσατε‘ τὴν ὁδὸν Κυρίου1Make ready the way of the Lord
138MAT34j647writing-backgroundδὲ … μέλι ἄγριον1Now ... wild honey
139MAT34x7f3translate-symactionεἶχεν τὸ ἔνδυμα ἀπὸ τριχῶν καμήλου καὶ ζώνην δερματίνην περὶ τὴν ὀσφὺν αὐτοῦ1wore clothing from camel's hair and a leather belt around his waist

This clothing symbolizes that John is a prophet like the prophets from long ago, especially the prophet Elijah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

140MAT35j8kefigs-metonymyτότε ... Ἱεροσόλυμα καὶ πᾶσα ἡ Ἰουδαία, καὶ πᾶσα ἡ περίχωρος1Then Jerusalem, all Judea, and all the region
141MAT36v5xnfigs-activepassiveἐβαπτίζοντο ... ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ1They were baptized by him
142MAT36gi4rἐβαπτίζοντο1They were baptized

This refers to the people coming from Jerusalem, Judea, and the region around the Jordan River.

143MAT37b2br0General Information:

John the Baptist begins to rebuke the Pharisees and Sadducees.

144MAT37fjl3figs-metaphorγεννήματα ἐχιδνῶν, τίς1You offspring of vipers, who
145MAT37c4clfigs-rquestionτίς ὑπέδειξεν ὑμῖν φυγεῖν ἀπὸ τῆς μελλούσης ὀργῆς?1who warned you to flee from the wrath that is coming?
146MAT37h7acfigs-metonymyφυγεῖν ἀπὸ τῆς μελλούσης ὀργῆς1flee from the wrath that is coming
147MAT38s8acfigs-metaphorποιήσατε οὖν καρπὸν ἄξιον τῆς μετανοίας1Therefore produce fruit worthy of repentance
148MAT39q7b1figs-explicitπατέρα ἔχομεν τὸν Ἀβραάμ1We have Abraham for our father
149MAT39r29pλέγω γὰρ ὑμῖν1For I say to you

This adds emphasis to what John is about to say.

150MAT39k843ὁ Θεὸς ἐκ τῶν λίθων τούτων ἐγεῖραι τέκνα τῷ Ἀβραάμ1God is able to raise up children for Abraham even out of these stones

God is able to make physical descendants out of even these stones and give them to Abraham

151MAT310ls7m0Connecting Statement:

John the Baptist continues to rebuke the Pharisees and Sadducees.

152MAT310ke4sfigs-metaphorἤδη δὲ ἡ ἀξίνη πρὸς τὴν ῥίζαν τῶν δένδρων κεῖται; πᾶν οὖν δένδρον μὴ ποιοῦν καρπὸν καλὸν ἐκκόπτεται καὶ εἰς πῦρ βάλλεται1But already the ax has been placed against the root of the trees. So every tree that does not produce good fruit is chopped down and thrown into the fire
153MAT311lx69εἰς μετάνοιαν1for repentance

to show that you have repented

154MAT311mc2rὁ δὲ ὀπίσω μου ἐρχόμενος1But he who comes after me

Jesus is the person who comes after John.

155MAT311c1xfἰσχυρότερός μού ἐστιν1is mightier than I

is more important than I am

156MAT311gtm7figs-metaphorαὐτὸς ὑμᾶς βαπτίσει ἐν Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ καὶ πυρί1He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire
157MAT312gcq8figs-metaphorοὗ τὸ πτύον ἐν τῇ χειρὶ αὐτοῦ; καὶ διακαθαριεῖ τὴν ἅλωνα αὐτοῦ1His winnowing fork is in his hand, both to thoroughly clear off his threshing floor
158MAT312sq4pfigs-idiomοὗ τὸ πτύον ἐν τῇ χειρὶ αὐτοῦ1His winnowing fork is in his hand
159MAT312b5m4translate-unknownτὸ πτύον1winnowing fork

This is a tool for tossing wheat up into the air to separate the wheat grain from the chaff. The heavier grain falls back down and the unwanted chaff is blown away by the wind. It is similar in shape to a pitchfork but with wide tines made of wood. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

160MAT312yw29διακαθαριεῖ τὴν ἅλωνα αὐτοῦ1to thoroughly clear off his threshing floor

Christ is like a man with a winnowing fork who is ready to clear off his threshing floor.

161MAT312r2uaτὴν ἅλωνα αὐτοῦ1his threshing floor
162MAT312av8lfigs-metaphorσυνάξει τὸν σῖτον αὐτοῦ εἰς τὴν ἀποθήκην … τὸ ... ἄχυρον κατακαύσει πυρὶ ἀσβέστῳ1to gather his wheat into the storehouse ... he will burn up the chaff with fire that can never be put out

This is a metaphor showing how God will separate righteous people from evil people. The righteous will go to heaven like wheat into a farmer's storehouse, and God will burn the people who are like chaff with a fire that will never be put out. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

163MAT312bdb7figs-activepassiveἀσβέστῳ1can never be put out
164MAT313vl930Connecting Statement:

Here the scene shifts to a later time when John the Baptist baptizes Jesus.

165MAT313zbj9figs-activepassiveβαπτισθῆναι ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ’1to be baptized by him
166MAT314cl7tfigs-rquestionἐγὼ χρείαν ἔχω ὑπὸ σοῦ βαπτισθῆναι, καὶ σὺ ἔρχῃ πρός με?1I need to be baptized by you, and yet you come to me?
167MAT315h6cafigs-inclusiveἡμῖν1for us
168MAT316n8bk0Connecting Statement:

This is the end of the part of the story about John the Baptist. It describes what happened after he baptized Jesus.

169MAT316inf6figs-activepassiveβαπτισθεὶς δὲ1After he was baptized
170MAT316sf5wἰδοὺ1behold
171MAT316jh1vfigs-activepassiveἀνεῴχθησαν αὐτῷ οἱ οὐρανοί1the heavens were opened to him
172MAT316e3nafigs-simileκαταβαῖνον ὡσεὶ περιστερὰν1coming down like a dove

Possible meanings are 1) this is simply a statement that the Spirit was in the form of a dove or 2) this is a simile that compares the Spirit coming down upon Jesus gently, the way a dove would. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

173MAT317m2wkfigs-metonymyφωνὴ ἐκ τῶν οὐρανῶν λέγουσα1a voice came out of the heavens saying
174MAT317myz8guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesὁ Υἱός μου1my Son

This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

175MAT4introhgw20
176MAT41k51m0General Information:

Here Matthew begins a new part of the story in which Jesus spends 40 days in the wilderness, where Satan tempts him. In verse 4, Jesus rebukes Satan with a quotation from Deuteronomy.

177MAT41aq3sfigs-activepassiveὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀνήχθη ... ὑπὸ τοῦ Πνεύματος1Jesus was led up by the Spirit
178MAT41wy4bfigs-activepassiveπειρασθῆναι ὑπὸ τοῦ διαβόλου1to be tempted by the devil
179MAT42iw2iνηστεύσας … ἐπείνασεν1he had fasted ... he was hungry

These refer to Jesus.

180MAT42cft7translate-numbersἡμέρας τεσσεράκοντα καὶ νύκτας τεσσεράκοντα1forty days and forty nights
181MAT43vl86ὁ πειράζων1The tempter
182MAT43l1lkεἰ Υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ Θεοῦ, εἰπὲ1If you are the Son of God, command
183MAT43c1acguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΥἱὸς … τοῦ Θεοῦ1the Son of God

This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

184MAT43m1vafigs-quotationsεἰπὲ ἵνα οἱ λίθοι οὗτοι ἄρτοι γένωνται1command that these stones become bread.
185MAT43t3xmfigs-synecdocheἄρτοι1bread
186MAT44fd67figs-activepassiveγέγραπται1It is written
187MAT44rld7οὐκ‘ ἐπ’ ἄρτῳ μόνῳ ζήσεται ὁ ἄνθρωπος1Man shall not live on bread alone

This implies that there is something more important to life than food.

188MAT44jl6ffigs-metonymyἀλλ’ ἐπὶ παντὶ ῥήματι ἐκπορευομένῳ διὰ στόματος Θεοῦ1but by every word that comes out of the mouth of God
189MAT45r4a50General Information:

In verse 6, Satan quotes from the Psalms in order to tempt Jesus.

190MAT46fa8lεἰ Υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ Θεοῦ, βάλε σεαυτὸν κάτω1If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down
191MAT46x2vgguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΥἱὸς … τοῦ Θεοῦ1the Son of God

This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

192MAT46c5krβάλε σεαυτὸν κάτω1throw yourself down
193MAT46a5h2figs-activepassiveγέγραπται γὰρ1for it is written
194MAT46ebc9figs-quotationsτοῖς ‘ἀγγέλοις αὐτοῦ ἐντελεῖται περὶ σοῦ’, καὶ1'He will command his angels to take care of you,' and
195MAT46f1mmἀροῦσίν σε1They will lift you up

The angels will hold you

196MAT47j6cb0General Information:

In verse 7, Jesus rebukes Satan with another quotation from Deuteronomy.

197MAT47u5jpfigs-activepassiveπάλιν γέγραπται1Again it is written
198MAT47c7t5οὐκ ‘ἐκπειράσεις1You must not test
199MAT48d12qπάλιν ... ὁ διάβολος1Again, the devil

Next, the devil

200MAT49bq1uεἶπεν αὐτῷ1He said to him

The devil said to Jesus

201MAT49al72ταῦτά σοι πάντα δώσω1All these things I will give you
202MAT49eas8translate-symactionπεσὼν1fall down
203MAT410s91r0General Information:

In verse 10, Jesus rebukes Satan with another quotation from Deuteronomy.

204MAT410h8fd0Connecting Statement:

This is the end of the part of the story about how Satan tempted Jesus.

205MAT410k49qfigs-activepassiveγέγραπται γάρ1For it is written
206MAT410rig8figs-youπροσκυνήσεις … λατρεύσεις1You will worship ... you will serve
207MAT411s49zἰδοὺ1behold
208MAT412v7p4writing-background0General Information:

This is the beginning of a new part of the story in which Matthew describes the beginning of Jesus' ministry in Galilee. These verses explain how Jesus came to be in Galilee. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

209MAT412wib2δὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story.

210MAT412d1vifigs-activepassiveἸωάννης παρεδόθη1John had been arrested
211MAT413hpm4figs-explicitἐν ὁρίοις Ζαβουλὼν καὶ Νεφθαλείμ1in the territories of Zebulun and Naphtali
212MAT414n85z0General Information:

In verses 15 and 16, Matthew quotes the prophet Isaiah to show that Jesus' ministry in Galilee was a fulfillment of prophecy.

213MAT414jb4pἵνα1This happened

This refers to Jesus' going to live in Capernaum.

214MAT414tj7cfigs-activepassiveτὸ ῥηθὲν1what was spoken
215MAT415egx6γῆ Ζαβουλὼν καὶ γῆ Νεφθαλείμ … Γαλιλαία τῶν ἐθνῶν1The land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali ... Galilee of the Gentiles!

These territories describe the same area.

216MAT415bmz6ὁδὸν θαλάσσης1toward the sea

This is the Sea of Galilee.

217MAT416e278ὁ λαὸς ὁ καθήμενος1The people who sat
218MAT416h2xrfigs-metaphorὁ λαὸς ὁ καθήμενος ἐν σκοτίᾳ φῶς εἶδεν μέγα1The people who sat in darkness have seen a great light
219MAT416nn1rfigs-parallelismτοῖς καθημένοις ἐν χώρᾳ καὶ σκιᾷ θανάτου, φῶς ἀνέτειλεν αὐτοῖς1to those who sat in the region and shadow of death, upon them has a light arisen
220MAT417dku3figs-metonymyἤγγικεν ... ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1the kingdom of heaven has come near
221MAT418yrx70General Information:

This begins a new scene within the part of the story about Jesus' ministry in Galilee. Here he begins to gather men to be his disciples.

222MAT418yfh5figs-explicitβάλλοντας ἀμφίβληστρον εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν1casting a net into the sea
223MAT419y3zgδεῦτε ὀπίσω μου1Come, follow after me
224MAT419n9h3figs-metaphorποιήσω ὑμᾶς ἁλιεῖς ἀνθρώπων1I will make you fishers of men
225MAT421pcg60Connecting Statement:

Jesus calls more men to be his disciples.

226MAT421utn4ἐκάλεσεν αὐτούς1He called them
227MAT422dlk3οἱ … εὐθέως ἀφέντες1they immediately left

at that moment they left

228MAT422gr2iἀφέντες τὸ πλοῖον … ἠκολούθησαν αὐτῷ1left the boat ... and followed him

It should be clear that this is a life change. These men are no longer going to be fishermen and are leaving the family business to follow Jesus for the rest of their lives.

229MAT423y3qewriting-endofstory0Connecting Statement:

This is the end of the part of the story about the beginning of Jesus' ministry in Galilee. These verses summarize what he did and how the people responded. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])

230MAT423ztr8διδάσκων ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς αὐτῶν1teaching in their synagogues
231MAT423jt3mfigs-metonymyκηρύσσων τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς βασιλείας1preaching the gospel of the kingdom
232MAT423nr8mπᾶσαν νόσον καὶ πᾶσαν μαλακίαν1every kind of disease and every sickness
233MAT423uc55μαλακίαν1sickness

is the physical weakness or affliction that results from having a disease.

234MAT424i296figs-activepassiveδαιμονιζομένους1those possessed by demons
235MAT424p3nffigs-genericnounσεληνιαζομένους1the epileptic
236MAT424qk4cfigs-genericnounκαὶ παραλυτικούς1and paralytic
237MAT425i9m7translate-namesΔεκαπόλεως1the Decapolis
238MAT5introawz80
239MAT51hz260General Information:

In verse 3, Jesus begins to describe the characteristics of people who are blessed.

240MAT51c5rq0Connecting Statement:

This is the beginning of a new part of the story in which Jesus begins to teach his disciples. This part continues through the end of chapter 7 and is frequently called the Sermon on the Mount.

241MAT52q9mmfigs-idiomἀνοίξας τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ1He opened his mouth
242MAT52ji1pἐδίδασκεν αὐτοὺς1taught them
243MAT53j7ctfigs-idiomοἱ πτωχοὶ τῷ πνεύματι1the poor in spirit
244MAT53wpi6figs-metonymyὅτι αὐτῶν ἐστιν ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1for theirs is the kingdom of heaven
245MAT54pgy8οἱ πενθοῦντες1those who mourn

Possible reasons they are sad are 1) the sinfulness of the world or 2) their own sins or 3) the death of someone. Do not specify the reason for mourning unless your language requires it.

246MAT54lie5figs-activepassiveαὐτοὶ παρακληθήσονται1they will be comforted
247MAT55mvb1οἱ πραεῖς1the meek
248MAT55iy1yαὐτοὶ κληρονομήσουσι τὴν γῆν1they will inherit the earth

God will give them the entire earth

249MAT56bi1jfigs-metaphorοἱ πεινῶντες καὶ διψῶντες τὴν δικαιοσύνην1those who hunger and thirst for righteousness
250MAT56hlq2figs-activepassiveαὐτοὶ χορτασθήσονται1they will be filled
251MAT58s9gdfigs-metonymyοἱ καθαροὶ τῇ καρδίᾳ1the pure in heart
252MAT58t6niαὐτοὶ τὸν Θεὸν ὄψονται1they will see God
253MAT59p1ezοἱ εἰρηνοποιοί1the peacemakers

These are the people who help others to have peace with one another.

254MAT59tv19figs-activepassiveὅτι αὐτοὶ υἱοὶ Θεοῦ κληθήσονται1for they will be called sons of God
255MAT59vcr2υἱοὶ Θεοῦ1sons of God
256MAT510bqu7figs-activepassiveοἱ δεδιωγμένοι1those who have been persecuted
257MAT510xnb6ἕνεκεν δικαιοσύνης1for righteousness' sake

because they do what God wants them to do

258MAT510f3lifigs-metonymyαὐτῶν ἐστιν ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1theirs is the kingdom of heaven
259MAT511jvm40Connecting Statement:

Jesus finishes describing the characteristics of people who are blessed.

260MAT511t5kbfigs-youμακάριοί ἐστε1Blessed are you
261MAT511rk69εἴπωσιν πᾶν πονηρὸν καθ’ ὑμῶν ψευδόμενοι1say all kinds of evil things against you falsely
262MAT511eez3ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ1for my sake
263MAT512ssk9figs-doubletχαίρετε καὶ ἀγαλλιᾶσθε1Rejoice and be very glad
264MAT513qp6l0Connecting Statement:

Jesus begins to teach about how his disciples are like salt and light.

265MAT513i3zpfigs-metaphorὑμεῖς ἐστε τὸ ἅλας τῆς γῆς1You are the salt of the earth
266MAT513jv56figs-metaphorἘὰν … τὸ ἅλας μωρανθῇ1if the salt has lost its taste
267MAT513wp9gfigs-rquestionἐν τίνι ἁλισθήσεται?1with what can it be made salty again?
268MAT513e7czfigs-activepassiveεἰ μὴ βληθὲν ἔξω, καταπατεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων1except to be thrown out and trampled under people's feet
269MAT514wgh5figs-metaphorὑμεῖς ἐστε τὸ φῶς τοῦ κόσμου1You are the light of the world
270MAT514bn28figs-explicitοὐ δύναται πόλις κρυβῆναι ἐπάνω ὄρους κειμένη1A city set on a hill cannot be hidden
271MAT515s5sbοὐδὲ καίουσιν λύχνον1Neither do people light a lamp

People do not light a lamp

272MAT515c8elτιθέασιν αὐτὸν ὑπὸ τὸν μόδιον1put it under a basket
273MAT516qhp8figs-metaphorλαμψάτω τὸ φῶς ὑμῶν ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων1Let your light shine before people
274MAT516iiu8τὸν Πατέρα ὑμῶν τὸν ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς1your Father who is in heaven
275MAT517p63n0Connecting Statement:

Jesus begins to teach about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law.

276MAT517gg3kfigs-metonymyτοὺς προφήτας1the prophets

This refers to what the prophets wrote in the scriptures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

277MAT518lky5Ἀμὴν, … λέγω ὑμῖν1truly I say to you
278MAT518cv3mfigs-merismἕως ἂν παρέλθῃ ὁ οὐρανὸς καὶ ἡ γῆ1until heaven and earth pass away
279MAT518ylz6figs-explicitἰῶτα ἓν ἢ μία κερέα οὐ μὴ1one jot or one tittle will certainly not
280MAT518m5pffigs-activepassiveπάντα γένηται1all things have been accomplished
281MAT518n77jfigs-explicitπάντα1all things
282MAT519uxz2ὃς ἐὰν ... λύσῃ1whoever breaks
283MAT519k9thμίαν τῶν ἐντολῶν τούτων τῶν ἐλαχίστων1the least one of these commandments

any of these commandments, even the least important one

284MAT519dv5cfigs-activepassiveὃς ἐὰν … διδάξῃ οὕτως τοὺς ἀνθρώπους … κληθήσεται1teaches others to do so will be called
285MAT519bg2vfigs-metonymyἐλάχιστος ... ἐν τῇ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1least in the kingdom of heaven
286MAT519u5kpποιήσῃ καὶ διδάξῃ1keeps them and teaches them

obeys all these commandments and teaches others to do the same

287MAT519nk9nμέγας1great

most important

288MAT520jwm9λέγω γὰρ ὑμῖν1For I say to you

This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next.

289MAT520vsc5figs-youὑμῖν ... ὑμῶν 1you ... your ... you will enter

These are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

290MAT520l3lvfigs-doublenegativesὅτι ἐὰν μὴ περισσεύσῃ ὑμῶν ἡ δικαιοσύνη … οὐ μὴ εἰσέλθητε1that unless your righteousness overflows ... you will certainly not enter
291MAT521x5vyfigs-you0General Information:
292MAT521us5a0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to teach about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law. Here he begins to speak about murder and anger.

293MAT521t6k5figs-activepassiveἐρρέθη τοῖς ἀρχαίοις1it was said to them in ancient times
294MAT521mij2figs-explicitὃς ... ἂν φονεύσῃ, ἔνοχος ἔσται τῇ κρίσει1Whoever kills will be in danger of the judgment
295MAT521y44xφονεύσεις… φονεύσῃ1kill ... kills

This word refers to murder, not to all forms of killing.

296MAT521r2k4figs-explicitἔνοχος ἔσται τῇ κρίσει1will be in danger of the judgment

It seems here Jesus is not referring to a human judge but rather to God condemning the person who is angry with his brother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

297MAT522e9ggἐγὼ δὲ λέγω1But I say
298MAT522d5nlτῷ ἀδελφῷ1brother

This refers to a fellow believer, not to a literal brother or a neighbor.

299MAT522w721ῥακά … μωρέ1You worthless person ... You fool
300MAT522s89dΣυνεδρίῳ1council

This was likely a local council, not the main Sanhedrin in Jerusalem.

301MAT523msz4figs-youπροσφέρῃς1you are offering
302MAT523r49yπροσφέρῃς τὸ δῶρόν σου1you are offering your gift
303MAT523chv4figs-explicitἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον1at the altar
304MAT523dz75κἀκεῖ μνησθῇς1there remember

while you are standing at the altar you remember

305MAT523xvf5ὁ ἀδελφός σου ἔχει τι κατὰ σοῦ1your brother has something against you

another person is angry with you because of something you did

306MAT524z9m5figs-activepassiveπρῶτον διαλλάγηθι τῷ ἀδελφῷ σου1First be reconciled with your brother
307MAT525x4tafigs-youἴσθι εὐνοῶν τῷ ἀντιδίκῳ σου1Agree with your accuser
308MAT525sr9dτῷ ἀντιδίκῳ σου1your accuser

This is a person who blames someone for doing something wrong. He takes the wrongdoer to court to accuse him before a judge.

309MAT525x1tkfigs-idiomσε παραδῷ ... τῷ κριτῇ1may hand you over to the judge
310MAT525pq6dfigs-idiomὁ κριτὴς τῷ ὑπηρέτῃ1the judge to the officer
311MAT525gcm5τῷ ὑπηρέτῃ1to the officer

a person who has authority to carry out the decisions of a judge

312MAT525pzh4figs-activepassiveεἰς φυλακὴν βληθήσῃ1you may be thrown into prison
313MAT526gec9ἀμὴν, λέγω σοι1Truly I say to you
314MAT526eem5ἐκεῖθεν1from there

from prison

315MAT527c8dnfigs-you0General Information:
316MAT527mj3g0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to teach about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law. Here he begins to speak about adultery and lust.

317MAT527jxg5figs-activepassiveὅτι ἐρρέθη1that it was said
318MAT527yn7mμοιχεύσεις1commit adultery

This word means to act out or do something.

319MAT528qfl6ἐγὼ δὲ λέγω1But I say
320MAT528glg9figs-metaphorπᾶς ὁ βλέπων γυναῖκα πρὸς τὸ ἐπιθυμῆσαι αὐτὴν, ἤδη ἐμοίχευσεν αὐτὴν ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ1everyone who looks on a woman to lust after her has already committed adultery with her in his heart

This metaphor indicates that a man who lusts after a woman is as guilty of adultery as a man who actually commits the act of adultery. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

321MAT528k7scπρὸς τὸ ἐπιθυμῆσαι αὐτὴν1to lust after her
322MAT528eqs8figs-metonymyἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ1in his heart
323MAT529et3nfigs-youεἰ ... σου 1If your
324MAT529ikp5figs-metonymyεἰ ... ὁ ὀφθαλμός σου ὁ δεξιὸς σκανδαλίζει σε1If your right eye causes you to stumble
325MAT529mb58figs-idiomὁ ὀφθαλμός … ὁ δεξιὸς1right eye
326MAT529v6jrfigs-hyperboleἔξελε αὐτὸν1pluck it out
327MAT529zg1vβάλε ἀπὸ σοῦ1throw it away from you

get rid of it

328MAT529im6uἀπόληται ἓν τῶν μελῶν σου1one of your body parts should perish

you should lose one part of your body

329MAT529v1cnfigs-activepassiveκαὶ μὴ ὅλον τὸ σῶμά σου βληθῇ εἰς Γέενναν1so that your whole body should not be thrown into hell
330MAT530zx8xfigs-metonymyεἰ ἡ δεξιά σου χεὶρ σκανδαλίζει σε1If your right hand causes you to stumble

In this metonymy, the hand stands for the actions of the whole person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

331MAT530hk9zfigs-idiomἡ δεξιά σου χεὶρ1your right hand
332MAT530qs74figs-hyperboleἔκκοψον αὐτὴν1cut it off

This is an exaggerated command for a person to do whatever he needs to do to stop sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

333MAT531fdr80Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to teach about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law. Here he begins to speak about divorce.

334MAT531dh23figs-activepassiveἐρρέθη δέ1It was also said
335MAT531quq9figs-euphemismἀπολύσῃ τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ1sends his wife away

This is a euphemism for divorce. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

336MAT531tp9lδότω1let him give

he must give

337MAT532q6aqἐγὼ δὲ λέγω1But I say
338MAT532j2aqποιεῖ αὐτὴν μοιχευθῆναι1makes her an adulteress
339MAT532zai7figs-activepassiveἀπολελυμένην1her after she has been divorced
340MAT533i5akfigs-you0General Information:
341MAT533dg2a0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to teach about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law. Here he begins to speak about swearing oaths.

342MAT533vv1eπάλιν ἠκούσατε1Again, you have heard
343MAT533fk86figs-activepassiveἐρρέθη τοῖς ἀρχαίοις1it was said to those in ancient times
344MAT533tk9yοὐκ‘ ἐπιορκήσεις, ἀποδώσεις δὲ τῷ Κυρίῳ τοὺς ὅρκους σου1Do not swear a false oath, but carry out your oaths to the Lord.

Do not swear that you will do something and then not do it. Instead do whatever you have sworn to the Lord that you will do

345MAT534mpk1ἐγὼ δὲ λέγω1But I say
346MAT534m2n6μὴ ὀμόσαι ὅλως1swear not at all
347MAT534u7sufigs-metaphorθρόνος ἐστὶν τοῦ Θεοῦ1it is the throne of God
348MAT535c8lx0Connecting Statement:

Jesus finishes his words from verse 34, telling the people not to swear.

349MAT535v2hfμήτε ἐν τῇ γῇ … πόλις ἐστὶν τοῦ μεγάλου Βασιλέως1nor by the earth ... it is the city of the great King

Here Jesus means that when people make a promise or when they say that something is true, they must not swear by anything. Some people were teaching that if a person swears by God that he will do something, then he must do it, but if he swears by something else, such as by heaven or earth, then it is less offensive if he does not do what he swore to do. Jesus says that swearing by heaven or earth or Jerusalem is just as serious as swearing by God because those things all belong to God.

350MAT535e7z8figs-metaphorὑποπόδιόν ἐστιν τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ1it is the footstool for his feet
351MAT535e6znὅτι πόλις ἐστὶν τοῦ μεγάλου Βασιλέως1for it is the city of the great King

for it is the city that belongs to God, the great King

352MAT536kr2d0General Information:

Previously Jesus told his hearers that God's throne, footstool, and earthly home are not theirs to swear by. Here he says that they may not swear even by their own heads.

353MAT536l9c8figs-youσου1your

Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should and should not do. All occurrences of these words are singular, but you may have to translate them as plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

354MAT536z5vuὀμόσῃς1swear

This refers to taking an oath. See how you translated this in Matthew 5:34.

355MAT537tke6ἔστω … ὁ λόγος ὑμῶν, ναὶ ναί, οὒ οὔ1let your speech be 'Yes, yes,' or 'No, no.'

if you mean 'yes,' say 'yes,' and if you mean 'no,' say 'no.'

356MAT538quy6figs-you0General Information:
357MAT538s39u0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to teach about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law. Here he begins to speak about retaliating against an enemy.

358MAT538zar1figs-activepassiveὅτι ἐρρέθη1that it was said
359MAT538w53lὀφθαλμὸν‘ ἀντὶ ὀφθαλμοῦ καὶ ὀδόντα ἀντὶ ὀδόντος1eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth

The law of Moses allowed a person to harm a person in the same way he had harmed him, but he could not harm him worse.

360MAT539x2y9ἐγὼ δὲ λέγω1But I say
361MAT539qrx1τῷ πονηρῷ1the evil person
362MAT539ec5yῥαπίζει … τὴν δεξιὰν σιαγόνα1strikes ... your right cheek

To strike the side of a man's face was an insult in Jesus' culture. As with the eye and the hand, the right cheek is the more important one, and striking that cheek was a terrible insult.

363MAT539d5xgῥαπίζει1strikes

hits with the back of an open hand

364MAT539wz54στρέψον αὐτῷ καὶ τὴν ἄλλην1turn to him the other also

let him hit your other cheek also

365MAT540gr2xfigs-you0General Information:
366MAT540t9f4τὸν χιτῶνά … ἱμάτιον1coat ... cloak
367MAT540p5m2ἄφες αὐτῷ καὶ τὸ ἱμάτιον1let that person also have

give also to that person

368MAT541i867figs-explicitὅστις1Whoever
369MAT541i86sμίλιον ἕν1one mile
370MAT541n8r4μετ’ αὐτοῦ1with him

This refers to the one who compels you to go.

371MAT541zv6iὕπαγε μετ’ αὐτοῦ δύο1go with him two
372MAT542pe6xμὴ ἀποστραφῇς1do not turn away
373MAT543cyz3figs-you0General Information:
374MAT543xf8l0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to teach about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law. Here he begins to speak about loving enemies.

375MAT543fp6xfigs-activepassiveὅτι ἐρρέθη1that it was said
376MAT543tqj3figs-genericnounτὸν πλησίον σου1your neighbor
377MAT544f9lpἐγὼ δὲ λέγω1But I say
378MAT545my3dγένησθε υἱοὶ τοῦ Πατρὸς ὑμῶν1you may be sons of your Father
379MAT545jzu9guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΠατρὸς1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

380MAT546g5t7figs-you0General Information:
381MAT546sf7k0Connecting Statement:

Jesus finishes teaching about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law. This section began in Matthew 5:17.

382MAT546se4kfigs-rquestionτίνα μισθὸν ἔχετε?1what reward do you get?
383MAT546cb77figs-rquestionοὐχὶ καὶ οἱ τελῶναι τὸ αὐτὸ ποιοῦσιν?1Do not even the tax collectors do the same thing?
384MAT547ba6efigs-rquestionτί περισσὸν ποιεῖτε?1what do you do more than others?
385MAT547ben5ἀσπάσησθε1you greet

This is a general term for showing a desire for the well-being of the hearer.

386MAT547elw9figs-rquestionοὐχὶ καὶ οἱ ἐθνικοὶ τὸ αὐτὸ ποιοῦσιν?1Do not even the Gentiles do the same thing?
387MAT548l6paguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΠατὴρ1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

388MAT6introjrj20
389MAT61zvn1figs-you0General Information:
390MAT61at4q0Connecting Statement:
391MAT61bgc7figs-explicitἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων, πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι αὐτοῖς1before people to be seen by them
392MAT61juj5guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτῷ Πατρὶ1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

393MAT62d8kwfigs-metaphorμὴ σαλπίσῃς ἔμπροσθέν σου1do not sound a trumpet before yourself
394MAT62dk6uἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
395MAT63z4c1figs-you0General Information:
396MAT63te4n0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to teach his disciples about alms.

397MAT63vca2figs-metaphorμὴ γνώτω ἡ ἀριστερά σου τί ποιεῖ ἡ δεξιά σου1do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing
398MAT64h4wefigs-activepassiveσου ἡ ἐλεημοσύνη ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ1your gift may be given in secret
399MAT65m54ufigs-you0General Information:
400MAT65a7z40Connecting Statement:

Jesus begins to teach about prayer.

401MAT65e12vfigs-explicitὅπως φανῶσιν τοῖς ἀνθρώποις1so that they may be seen by people
402MAT65z3h6ἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
403MAT66dqv4εἴσελθε εἰς τὸ ταμεῖόν σου καὶ κλείσας τὴν θύραν σου1enter into your inner chamber, and having shut your door
404MAT66vdr7τῷ Πατρί σου τῷ ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ1your Father who is in secret
405MAT66kkn7guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτῷ Πατρί1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

406MAT66eb6rὁ Πατήρ σου, ὁ βλέπων ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ1your Father who sees in secret

your Father will see what you do in private and

407MAT67d1t2μὴ βατταλογήσητε1do not make useless repetitions
408MAT67a8aifigs-activepassiveεἰσακουσθήσονται1they will be heard
409MAT68fr1dfigs-you0General Information:
410MAT68nv9iguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesὁ Πατὴρ1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

411MAT69ad6lΠάτερ‘ ἡμῶν, ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς1Our Father who is in heaven

This is the beginning of the prayer and how Jesus teaches the people to address God.

412MAT69mq4xfigs-metonymyἁγιασθήτω τὸ ὄνομά σου1may your name be honored as holy
413MAT610n67cfigs-metonymyἐλθέτω ἡ βασιλεία σου1May your kingdom come
414MAT610pdc5figs-activepassiveγενηθήτω τὸ θέλημά σου, ὡς ἐν οὐρανῷ καὶ ἐπὶ γῆς1May your will be done on earth as it is in heaven
415MAT611njr9figs-exclusive0General Information:
416MAT611dft8figs-synecdocheτὸν ἄρτον ... τὸν ἐπιούσιον1daily bread
417MAT612yi9sfigs-metaphorτὰ ὀφειλήματα1debts

A debt is what one person owes another. This is a metaphor for sins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

418MAT612i8fqfigs-metaphorτοῖς ὀφειλέταις ἡμῶν1our debtors

A debtor is a person who owes a debt to another person. This is a metaphor for those who have sinned against us. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

419MAT613l8u6figs-abstractnounsμὴ εἰσενέγκῃς ἡμᾶς εἰς πειρασμόν1Do not bring us into temptation
420MAT614ns3mfigs-you0General Information:
421MAT614z79afigs-abstractnounsτὰ παραπτώματα αὐτῶν1their trespasses
422MAT614v7neguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesὁ Πατὴρ1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

423MAT615pi3zfigs-abstractnounsτοῖς ἀνθρώποις … τὰ παραπτώματα ὑμῶν1their trespasses ... your trespasses
424MAT616j7xgfigs-you0General Information:
425MAT616q19r0Connecting Statement:

Jesus begins to teach about fasting.

426MAT616xv6bἀφανίζουσιν ... τὰ πρόσωπα αὐτῶν1they disfigure their faces

The hypocrites would not wash their faces or comb their hair. They did this purposely to draw attention to themselves so that people would see them and give them honor for fasting.

427MAT616ix6hἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
428MAT617k283ἄλειψαί σου τὴν κεφαλὴν1anoint your head
429MAT618d27sτῷ Πατρί σου τῷ ἐν τῷ κρυφαίῳ 1your Father who is in secret
430MAT618m56aguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτῷ Πατρί1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

431MAT618tby8ὁ βλέπων ἐν τῷ κρυφαίῳ1who sees in secret
432MAT619afg9figs-you0General Information:
433MAT619z3jx0Connecting Statement:

Jesus begins to teach about money and possessions.

434MAT619tqp1θησαυροὺς1treasures

riches, the things to which a person gives the most value

435MAT619z9wdὅπου σὴς καὶ βρῶσις ἀφανίζει1where moth and rust destroy

where moth and rust ruin treasures

436MAT619tqc9σὴς1moth

a small, flying insect that destroys cloth

437MAT619enl6βρῶσις1rust

a brown substance that forms on metals

438MAT620v5tnfigs-metaphorθησαυρίζετε ... ὑμῖν θησαυροὺς ἐν οὐρανῷ1store up for yourselves treasures in heaven

This is a metaphor that means do good things on earth so God will reward you in heaven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

439MAT621b74qfigs-metonymyἐκεῖ ἔσται καὶ ἡ καρδία σου1there will your heart be also
440MAT622g215figs-you0General Information:
441MAT622sbl1figs-metaphorὁ λύχνος τοῦ σώματός ἐστιν ὁ ὀφθαλμός … φωτεινὸν ἔσται1The eye is the lamp of the body ... is filled with light
442MAT622r4d1figs-metaphorὁ λύχνος τοῦ σώματός ἐστιν ὁ ὀφθαλμός1The eye is the lamp of the body
443MAT622u47qὀφθαλμός1eye
444MAT623dl86figs-metaphorἐὰν δὲ ὁ ὀφθαλμός σου … ἐστίν τὸ σκότος πόσον1But if your eye ... how great is that darkness
445MAT623p231figs-metaphorἐὰν … ὁ ὀφθαλμός σου πονηρὸς ᾖ1if your eye is bad

This does not refer to magic. Jewish people often used this as a metaphor for someone who is greedy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

446MAT623n42mεἰ … τὸ φῶς τὸ ἐν σοὶ σκότος, ἐστίν τὸ σκότος πόσον1if the light that is in you is actually darkness, how great is that darkness!

if that which is supposed to cause light in your body causes darkness, then your body is in complete darkness

447MAT624ijn3figs-parallelismἢ γὰρ τὸν ἕνα μισήσει καὶ τὸν ἕτερον ἀγαπήσει, ἢ ἑνὸς ἀνθέξεται καὶ τοῦ ἑτέρου καταφρονήσει1for either he will hate the one and love the other, or else he will be devoted to one and despise the other

Both of these phrases mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that a person cannot love and be devoted both to God and money at the same time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

448MAT624zt2uοὐ δύνασθε Θεῷ δουλεύειν καὶ μαμωνᾷ1You cannot serve God and wealth

You cannot love God and money at the same time

449MAT625s5uyfigs-you0General Information:
450MAT625wcz4λέγω ὑμῖν1I say to you

This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next.

451MAT625xdu1ὑμῖν1to you

Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or should not do.

452MAT625nt96figs-rquestionοὐχὶ ἡ ψυχὴ πλεῖόν ἐστι τῆς τροφῆς, καὶ τὸ σῶμα τοῦ ἐνδύματος?1is not life more than food, and the body more than clothes?
453MAT626p11zἀποθήκας1barns

places to store crops

454MAT626a9w6guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesὁ Πατὴρ1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

455MAT626nbm5figs-rquestionοὐχ ὑμεῖς μᾶλλον διαφέρετε αὐτῶν?1Are you not more valuable than they are?
456MAT627cm6afigs-you0General Information:
457MAT627fr8gfigs-rquestionτίς δὲ ἐξ ὑμῶν μεριμνῶν δύναται προσθεῖναι ἐπὶ τὴν ἡλικίαν αὐτοῦ πῆχυν ἕνα?1But which one of you by being anxious can add one cubit to his lifespan?
458MAT627kub4translate-bdistanceπῆχυν ἕνα1one cubit

A cubit is a measure of a little less than half a meter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

459MAT628erj8figs-rquestionπερὶ ἐνδύματος τί μεριμνᾶτε?1Why are you anxious about clothing?
460MAT628cs99καταμάθετε1Think about

Consider

461MAT628him2figs-personificationτὰ κρίνα … αὐξάνουσιν; οὐ κοπιῶσιν οὐδὲ νήθουσιν1the lilies ... They do not work, and they do not spin cloth

Jesus speaks about the lilies as if they were people who wore clothes. The lilies being clothed is a metaphor for the plants having beautiful and colorful flowers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

462MAT628t16ltranslate-unknownκρίνα1lilies

A lily is a kind of wild flower. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

463MAT629n75lfigs-personificationοὐδὲ Σολομὼν οὐδὲ περιεβάλετο ὡς ἓν τούτων1not even Solomon ... was clothed like one of these

Jesus speaks about the lilies as if they were people who wore clothes. The lilies being clothed is a metaphor for the plants having beautiful and colorful flowers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

464MAT629np9eλέγω ... ὑμῖν1I say to you

This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next.

465MAT629sqg8figs-activepassiveπεριεβάλετο ὡς ἓν τούτων1was clothed like one of these
466MAT630z5lhfigs-personificationτὸν χόρτον τοῦ ἀγροῦ … οὕτως1so clothes the grass in the fields

Jesus continues to speak about the lilies as if they were people who wore clothes. The lilies being clothed is a metaphor for the plants having beautiful and colorful flowers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

467MAT630uf36χόρτον1grass
468MAT630m23lfigs-activepassiveεἰς κλίβανον βαλλόμενον1is thrown into the oven
469MAT630cd8wfigs-rquestionἀμφιέννυσιν, οὐ πολλῷ μᾶλλον ὑμᾶς, ὀλιγόπιστοι?1will he not clothe you much more, you of little faith?
470MAT630ic18ὑμᾶς, ὀλιγόπιστοι1you of little faith
471MAT631jps3οὖν1Therefore

Because of all of this

472MAT631pd6xfigs-synecdocheτί περιβαλώμεθα1What will we wear
473MAT632j77yγὰρ ταῦτα τὰ ἔθνη ἐπιζητοῦσιν1For the Gentiles seek all these things

for the Gentiles are concerned about what they will eat, drink, and wear

474MAT632ecb9οἶδεν ... ὁ Πατὴρ ὑμῶν ὁ οὐράνιος ὅτι χρῄζετε τούτων1your heavenly Father knows that you need all of them

Jesus is implying that God will make sure their basic needs are met.

475MAT632unz1guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesὁ Πατὴρ1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

476MAT633ep2cfigs-metonymyζητεῖτε ... πρῶτον τὴν βασιλείαν καὶ τὴν δικαιοσύνην αὐτοῦ1seek first his kingdom and his righteousness
477MAT633ak39figs-activepassiveκαὶ ταῦτα πάντα προστεθήσεται ὑμῖν1all these things will be given to you
478MAT634qm2aοὖν1Therefore

Because of all this

479MAT634xdg7figs-personificationἡ ... αὔριον μεριμνήσει ἑαυτῆς1tomorrow will be anxious for itself
480MAT7introbz7e0
481MAT71jav3figs-you0General Information:
482MAT71f4fe0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to teach his disciples in his Sermon on the Mount, which began in Matthew 5:3.

483MAT71xk6wfigs-explicitμὴ κρίνετε1Do not judge
484MAT71bk8yfigs-activepassiveμὴ κριθῆτε1you will not be judged
485MAT72f9nbγὰρ1For

Be sure the reader understands the statement in 7:2 is based on what Jesus said in 7:1.

486MAT72kj24figs-activepassiveἐν ᾧ ... κρίματι κρίνετε, κριθήσεσθε1with the judgment you judge, you will be judged
487MAT72mt3dᾧ μέτρῳ1the measure

Possible meanings are 1) this is the amount of punishment given or 2) this is the standard used for judgment.

488MAT72wgh2figs-activepassiveμετρηθήσεται ὑμῖν1it will be measured out to you
489MAT73hzb40General Information:
490MAT73em5rfigs-rquestionτί δὲ βλέπεις τὸ κάρφος ... τὴν δὲ ἐν τῷ σῷ ὀφθαλμῷ δοκὸν οὐ κατανοεῖς?1Why do you look ... but you do not notice the log that is in your own eye?
491MAT73ctb3figs-metaphorτὸ κάρφος τὸ ἐν τῷ ὀφθαλμῷ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ σου1the tiny piece of straw that is in your brother's eye

This is a metaphor that refers to the less important faults of a fellow believer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

492MAT73r9jfκάρφος1tiny piece of straw
493MAT73d2qcτοῦ ἀδελφοῦ1brother
494MAT73q1z4figs-metaphorτὴν ... ἐν τῷ σῷ ὀφθαλμῷ δοκὸν1the log that is in your own eye

This is a metaphor for a person's most important faults. A log could not literally go into a person's eye. Jesus is exaggerating to emphasize that a person should pay attention to his own more important faults before he deals with another person's less important faults. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

495MAT73cgc6δοκὸν1log

the largest part of a tree that someone has cut down

496MAT74k58hfigs-rquestionἢ πῶς ἐρεῖς ... τῷ ὀφθαλμῷ σοῦ?1How can you say ... your own eye?
497MAT76av850General Information:
498MAT76arm9figs-metaphorτοῖς κυσίν ... τῶν χοίρων1dogs ... hogs

Jews considered these animals dirty, and God told the Jews not to eat them. They are metaphors for wicked people who do not value holy things. It would be best to translate these words literally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

499MAT76xy2efigs-metaphorτοὺς μαργαρίτας1pearls

These are similar to round, valuable stones or beads. They are a metaphor for the knowledge of God or precious things in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

500MAT76vt72καταπατήσουσιν1they may trample

the pigs may trample

501MAT76y5mmκαὶ στραφέντες ῥήξωσιν ὑμᾶς1then turn and tear you to pieces

the dogs will then turn and tear

502MAT77j1qafigs-you0General Information:
503MAT77ut6ifigs-metaphorαἰτεῖτε ... ζητεῖτε ... κρούετε1Ask ... Seek ... Knock

These are metaphors for praying to God. The verb form shows that we are to keep praying until he answers. If your language has a form for continuing to do something over and over, use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

504MAT77fh57αἰτεῖτε1Ask

request things from someone, in this case God

505MAT77tv49figs-activepassiveδοθήσεται ὑμῖν1it will be given to you
506MAT77cs5bζητεῖτε1Seek

look for someone, in this case God

507MAT77rt8gκρούετε1Knock
508MAT77zxs3figs-activepassiveἀνοιγήσεται ὑμῖν1it will be opened to you
509MAT79mq14figs-rquestionἢ τίς ἐστιν ἐξ ὑμῶν ἄνθρωπος ... μὴ λίθον ἐπιδώσει αὐτῷ?1Or what man is there among you ... but he will give him a stone?
510MAT79n5s1figs-synecdocheἄρτον1a loaf of bread
511MAT79cq8hλίθον1stone

This noun should be translated literally.

512MAT710ht1mἰχθὺν ... ὄφι1fish ... snake

These nouns should be translated literally.

513MAT710y9q5figs-rquestionἢ καὶ ἰχθὺν αἰτήσει, μὴ ὄφιν ἐπιδώσει αὐτῷ?1Or he will also ask for a fish, but he will give him a snake?
514MAT711h3k6figs-you0General Information:
515MAT711pk31figs-rquestionπόσῳ μᾶλλον ὁ Πατὴρ ὑμῶν ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς δώσει ... αὐτόν?1how much more will your Father in heaven give ... him?
516MAT711z8zrguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesὁ Πατὴρ1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

517MAT712wr93ὅσα ἐὰν θέλητε ἵνα ποιῶσιν ὑμῖν οἱ ἄνθρωποι1whatever you would want that people would do to yo

whatever way you want others to act toward you

518MAT712b1x2figs-metonymyοὗτος γάρ ἐστιν ὁ νόμος καὶ οἱ προφῆται1for this is the law and the prophets
519MAT713uhb30General Information:
520MAT713dgr2figs-metaphorεἰσέλθατε διὰ τῆς στενῆς πύλης ... πολλοί εἰσιν οἱ εἰσερχόμενοι δι’ αὐτῆς1Enter through the narrow gate ... there are many people who go through it

This is an image of people traveling on a road and going through a gate into a kingdom. One kingdom is easy to enter; the other is hard to enter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

521MAT713j8xnεἰσέλθατε διὰ τῆς στενῆς πύλης1Enter through the narrow gate
522MAT713y9ruτῆς ... πύλης ... ἡ ὁδὸς1the gate ... the way
523MAT713zv24figs-abstractnounsεἰς τὴν ἀπώλειαν1to destruction
524MAT714x8u90Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to speak of people choosing how they are going to live as if they are choosing whether to go on one path or another.

525MAT714wlr9figs-abstractnounsεἰς τὴν ζωήν1to life
526MAT715s91cπροσέχετε ἀπὸ1Beware of

Be on guard against

527MAT715lj5vfigs-metaphorοἵτινες ἔρχονται πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἐν ἐνδύμασι προβάτων, ἔσωθεν δέ εἰσιν λύκοι ἅρπαγες1who come to you in sheep's clothing but are truly ravenous wolves

This metaphor means that false prophets will pretend they are good and want to help people, but they are really evil and will do people harm. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

528MAT716pul5figs-metaphorἀπὸ τῶν καρπῶν αὐτῶν ἐπιγνώσεσθε αὐτούς1By their fruits you will know them
529MAT716nve4figs-rquestionμήτι συλλέγουσιν ... ἢ ἀπὸ τριβόλων σῦκα?1People do not gather ... or figs from thistles, do they?
530MAT717a9tnfigs-metaphorπᾶν δένδρον ἀγαθὸν καρποὺς καλοὺς ποιεῖ1every good tree produces good fruit

Jesus continues to use the metaphor of fruit to refer to good prophets who produce good works or words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

531MAT717f5l3figs-metaphorτὸ ... σαπρὸν δένδρον καρποὺς πονηροὺς ποιεῖ1the bad tree produces bad fruit

Jesus continues to use the metaphor of fruit to refer to bad prophets who produce evil works. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

532MAT719aeg4figs-metaphorπᾶν δένδρον μὴ ποιοῦν καρπὸν καλὸν ἐκκόπτεται καὶ εἰς πῦρ βάλλεται1Every tree that does not produce good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire

Jesus continues to use fruit trees as a metaphor to refer to false prophets. Here, he only states what will happen to the bad trees. It is implied that the same thing will happen to the false prophets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

533MAT719g7fsfigs-activepassiveἐκκόπτεται καὶ εἰς πῦρ βάλλεται1is cut down and thrown into the fire
534MAT720x87mfigs-metaphorἀπὸ τῶν καρπῶν αὐτῶν ἐπιγνώσεσθε αὐτούς1you will recognize them by their fruits
535MAT721rj2vfigs-metonymyεἰσελεύσεται εἰς τὴν Βασιλείαν τῶν Οὐρανῶν1will enter into the kingdom of heaven
536MAT721rq5hὁ ποιῶν τὸ θέλημα τοῦ Πατρός μου τοῦ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς1those who do the will of my Father who is in heaven

whoever does what my Father in heaven desires

537MAT721c6yzguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Πατρός1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

538MAT722mp6efigs-explicitἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ1in that day
539MAT722m9pyfigs-rquestionἐπροφητεύσαμεν ... δαιμόνια ἐξεβάλομεν ... δυνάμεις πολλὰς ἐποιήσαμεν?1did we not prophesy ... drive out demons ... do many mighty deeds?
540MAT722t5j7figs-exclusiveἐπροφητεύσαμεν1did we ... prophesy
541MAT722hg17figs-metonymyτῷ σῷ ὀνόματι1in your name
542MAT722p67fδυνάμεις1mighty deeds

miracles

543MAT723d4y5figs-idiomοὐδέποτε‘ ἔγνων ὑμᾶς1I never knew you
544MAT724fg9kοὖν1Therefore

For that reason

545MAT724hbd7figs-metonymyμου τοὺς λόγους τούτους1these words of mine
546MAT724qjh9figs-simileὁμοιωθήσεται ἀνδρὶ φρονίμῳ, ὅστις ᾠκοδόμησεν αὐτοῦ τὴν οἰκίαν ἐπὶ τὴν πέτραν1will be like a wise man who built his house upon a rock

Jesus compares those who obey his words to a person who builds his house where nothing can harm it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

547MAT724dy1fπέτραν1rock

This is the bedrock below the topsoil and clay, not a large stone or boulder above the ground.

548MAT725bv81figs-activepassiveτεθεμελίωτο1it was built
549MAT726asf40Connecting Statement:

This is the end of Jesus' Sermon on the Mount, which began in Matthew 5:3.

550MAT726nw97figs-simileὁμοιωθήσεται ἀνδρὶ μωρῷ, ὅστις ᾠκοδόμησεν αὐτοῦ τὴν οἰκίαν ἐπὶ τὴν ἄμμον1will be like a foolish man who built his house upon the sand

Jesus continues the simile from the previous verse. He compares those who do not obey his words to foolish house-builders. Only a fool would build a house on a sandy place where rain, floods, and wind can sweep the sand away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

551MAT727a7mjἔπεσεν1it fell

Use the general word in your language that describes what happens when a house falls down.

552MAT727k4hiἦν ἡ πτῶσις αὐτῆς μεγάλη1its destruction was complete

The rain, floods, and wind completely destroyed the house.

553MAT728jrh7writing-endofstory0General Information:

These verses describe how the people in the crowds reacted to Jesus' teaching in the Sermon on the Mount. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])

554MAT728hu6zκαὶ ἐγένετο, ὅτε1It came about that when
555MAT728b321ἐξεπλήσσοντο ... ἐπὶ τῇ διδαχῇ αὐτοῦ1were astonished by his teaching
556MAT8introf33a0

Matthew 08 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter begins a new section.

Special concepts in this chapter

Miracles

Jesus performed miracles to show that he could control things that no other people could control. He also showed that it is proper to worship him because he performed miracles. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/authority]])

557MAT81qb1dwriting-newevent0General Information:

This is the beginning of a new part of the story that contains several accounts of Jesus healing people. This theme continues through Matthew 9:35. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

558MAT81clf8καταβάντος δὲ αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ τοῦ ὄρους, ἠκολούθησαν αὐτῷ ὄχλοι πολλοί1Now when Jesus had come down from the hill, large crowds followed him
559MAT82vas8ἰδοὺ1Behold
560MAT82q4x2λεπρὸς1a leper
561MAT82n77qtranslate-symactionπροσεκύνει αὐτῷ1bowed before him

This is a sign of humble respect before Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

562MAT82yc3fἐὰν θέλῃς1if you are willing
563MAT82yjn2figs-idiomδύνασαί με καθαρίσαι1you can make me clean
564MAT83kg7efigs-imperativeκαθαρίσθητι1Be clean

By saying this, Jesus healed the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])

565MAT83eht7εὐθέως ἐκαθαρίσθη1Immediately he was cleansed

At that moment he was cleansed

566MAT83lj1xfigs-activepassiveἐκαθαρίσθη αὐτοῦ ἡ λέπρα1he was cleansed of his leprosy
567MAT84gzy6αὐτῷ1to him

This refers to the man that Jesus just healed.

568MAT84gt5sὅρα μηδενὶ εἴπῃς1See that you tell no one
569MAT84zi3afigs-explicitσεαυτὸν, δεῖξον τῷ ἱερεῖ1show yourself to the priest

Jewish law required that the person show his healed skin to the priest, who would then allow him or her to return to the community, to be with other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

570MAT84tq9lfigs-explicitπροσένεγκον τὸ δῶρον ὃ προσέταξεν Μωϋσῆς, εἰς μαρτύριον αὐτοῖς1offer the gift that Moses commanded, for a testimony to them

The law of Moses required that someone healed of leprosy give a thanksgiving offering to the priest. When the priest accepted the gift, people would know that the man had been healed. Lepers were ostracized, banned from the community, until they had proof of their healing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

571MAT84rj8ufigs-pronounsαὐτοῖς1to them

This can possibly refer to 1) the priests or 2) all the people or 3) the critics of Jesus. If possible, use a pronoun that could refer to any of these groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])

572MAT85sxz80Connecting Statement:

Here the scene shifts to a different time and place and tells of Jesus healing another person.

573MAT85vzb9προσῆλθεν αὐτῷ ... παρακαλῶν αὐτὸν1came to him and asked him
574MAT86cr8hπαραλυτικός1paralyzed

unable to move because of disease or stroke

575MAT87b9brλέγει αὐτῷ1Jesus said to him

Jesus said to the centurion

576MAT87r3sxἐγὼ ἐλθὼν, θεραπεύσω αὐτόν1I will come and heal him

I will come to your house and make your servant well

577MAT88p7p4figs-idiomμου ὑπὸ τὴν στέγην1under my roof
578MAT88hig7figs-metonymyεἰπὲ λόγῳ1say the word
579MAT88rk1zfigs-activepassiveἰαθήσεται1will be healed
580MAT89ds2mfigs-activepassiveὑπὸ ἐξουσίαν, τασσόμενος1who is placed under authority
581MAT89da25figs-idiomὑπὸ ἐξουσίαν ... ὑπ’ ἐμαυτὸν1under authority ... under me
582MAT810rc1hἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
583MAT810c7y6figs-explicitπαρ’ οὐδενὶ τοσαύτην πίστιν ἐν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ εὗρον1I have not found such great faith in anyone in Israel

Jesus' hearers would have thought that the Jews in Israel, who claim to be children of God, would have greater faith than anyone. Jesus is saying they are wrong and that the centurion's faith was greater. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

584MAT811xee4figs-youὑμῖν1you
585MAT811mt2ifigs-merismἀπὸ ἀνατολῶν καὶ δυσμῶν1from the east and the west
586MAT811u4sjfigs-metonymyἀνακλιθήσονται1they will recline at table
587MAT811qmc7figs-metonymyἐν τῇ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1in the kingdom of heaven
588MAT812ks3bfigs-activepassiveοἱ ... υἱοὶ τῆς βασιλείας ἐκβληθήσονται1the sons of the kingdom will be thrown
589MAT812aug7figs-metonymyοἱ δὲ υἱοὶ τῆς βασιλείας1the sons of the kingdom
590MAT812liu4figs-metonymyτὸ σκότος τὸ ἐξώτερον1the outer darkness
591MAT812gww4translate-symactionὁ κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὁ βρυγμὸς τῶν ὀδόντων1weeping and grinding of teeth
592MAT813ki92figs-activepassiveγενηθήτω σοι1so may it be done for you
593MAT813sdn6figs-activepassiveἰάθη ὁ παῖς1the servant was healed
594MAT813ln7pἐν τῇ ὥρᾳ ἐκείνῃ1at that very hour

at the exact time Jesus said he would heal the servant

595MAT814s6g40Connecting Statement:

Here the scene shifts to a different time and place and tells of Jesus healing another person.

596MAT814ja31ἐλθὼν ὁ Ἰησοῦς1When Jesus had come

The disciples were probably with Jesus, but the focus of the story is on what Jesus said and did, so introduce the disciples only if needed to avoid wrong meaning.

597MAT814ynh8τὴν πενθερὰν αὐτοῦ1Peter's mother-in-law

the mother of Peter's wife

598MAT815w7nhfigs-personificationἀφῆκεν αὐτὴν ὁ πυρετός1the fever left her
599MAT815r9ltἠγέρθη1she got up

got out of bed

600MAT816bpx70General Information:

In verse 17, Matthew quotes the prophet Isaiah to show that Jesus' healing ministry was a fulfillment of prophecy.

601MAT816b7cx0Connecting Statement:

Here the scene shifts to later that evening and tells of Jesus healing more people and casting out demons.

602MAT816yv9yfigs-explicitὀψίας δὲ γενομένης1Now when evening had come
603MAT816pwr4figs-activepassiveδαιμονιζομένους πολλούς1many who were possessed by demons
604MAT816f1cvfigs-metonymyἐξέβαλεν τὰ πνεύματα λόγῳ1He drove out the spirits with a word
605MAT817r3dcfigs-activepassiveπληρωθῇ τὸ ῥηθὲν διὰ Ἠσαΐου τοῦ προφήτου1was fulfilled that which had been spoken by Isaiah the prophet
606MAT817eyu9figs-parallelismτὰς ἀσθενείας ἡμῶν ἔλαβεν καὶ τὰς νόσους ἐβάστασεν1took our sickness and bore our diseases
607MAT818h8bx0Connecting Statement:

Here the scene shifts and tells about Jesus' response to some people who wanted to follow him.

608MAT818dqh1δὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story.

609MAT818a2pnἐκέλευσεν1he gave instructions

he told his disciples

610MAT819g4rhκαὶ1Then
611MAT819e1b7ὅπου ἐὰν1wherever

to any place

612MAT820pqp6writing-proverbsαἱ ἀλώπεκες φωλεοὺς ἔχουσιν καὶ τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ κατασκηνώσεις1Foxes have holes, and the birds of the sky have nests

Jesus answers with this proverb. This means even wild animals have somewhere to rest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])

613MAT820tp9stranslate-unknownαἱ ἀλώπεκες1Foxes

Foxes are animals like dogs. They eat nesting birds and other small animals. If foxes are unknown in your area, use a general term for dog-like creatures or other furry animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

614MAT820rrb5φωλεοὺς1holes
615MAT820qvm5figs-123personὁ ... Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1the Son of Man

Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

616MAT820yl4sfigs-idiomοὐκ ἔχει ποῦ τὴν κεφαλὴν κλίνῃ1has no place to lay his head
617MAT821hlx9ἐπίτρεψόν μοι πρῶτον ἀπελθεῖν καὶ θάψαι τὸν πατέρα μου1allow me first to go and bury my father

It is unclear whether the man's father has died and he will bury him immediately, or if the man wants to stay for a longer amount of time until his father dies so he can bury him then. The main point is that the man wants to do something else first before he follows Jesus.

618MAT822h7fbfigs-metaphorἄφες τοὺς νεκροὺς θάψαι τοὺς ἑαυτῶν νεκρούς1leave the dead to bury their own dead
619MAT823us1s0Connecting Statement:

Here the scene shifts to the account of Jesus calming a storm as he and his disciples cross the Sea of Galilee.

620MAT823e8k1καὶ ἐμβάντι αὐτῷ εἰς πλοῖον1When he had entered into a boat

got onto a boat

621MAT823sl7vἠκολούθησαν αὐτῷ οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ1his disciples followed him
622MAT824j55jἰδοὺ1Behold
623MAT824x7k1figs-activepassiveσεισμὸς μέγας ἐγένετο ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ1there arose a great storm on the sea
624MAT824m6w8figs-activepassiveὥστε τὸ πλοῖον καλύπτεσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν κυμάτων1so that the boat was covered with the waves
625MAT825k2hd
626MAT825b2whfigs-inclusiveσῶσον... ἀπολλύμεθα1Save us ... we are about to die

If you need to translate these words as inclusive or exclusive, then inclusive is best. The disciples probably meant they wanted Jesus to save the disciples and himself from drowning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])

627MAT825xf5dἀπολλύμεθα1we are about to die

we are going to die

628MAT826jmt8αὐτοῖς1to them

to the disciples

629MAT826g8p7figs-rquestionτί δειλοί ἐστε, ὀλιγόπιστοι1Why are you afraid, you of little faith?
630MAT826r5veὀλιγόπιστοι1you of little faith
631MAT827u2qhfigs-rquestionποταπός ἐστιν οὗτος, ὅτι καὶ οἱ ἄνεμοι καὶ ἡ θάλασσα αὐτῷ ὑπακούουσιν1What sort of man is this, that even the winds and the sea obey him?
632MAT827k5mkfigs-personificationκαὶ οἱ ἄνεμοι καὶ ἡ θάλασσα αὐτῷ ὑπακούουσιν1even the winds and the sea obey him

For people or animals to obey or disobey is not surprising, but for wind and water to obey is very surprising. This personification describes the natural elements as being able to hear and respond like people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])

633MAT828g6mr0Connecting Statement:

Here the author returns to the theme of Jesus healing people. This begins an account of Jesus healing two demon-possessed men.

634MAT828iy7aεἰς τὸ πέραν1to the other side

to the other side of the Sea of Galilee

635MAT828yzi6translate-namesτὴν χώραν τῶν Γαδαρηνῶν1the country of the Gadarenes

The Gadarenes were named after the town of Gadara. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

636MAT828hz5nfigs-activepassiveδύο δαιμονιζόμενοι1two men who were possessed by demons
637MAT828ylu6ἐξερχόμενοι, χαλεποὶ λείαν ὥστε μὴ ἰσχύειν τινὰ παρελθεῖν διὰ τῆς ὁδοῦ ἐκείνης1They were coming ... were very violent, so that no one could pass by on that road

The demons that were controlling these two men were so dangerous that no one could go through that area.

638MAT829v9mpἰδοὺ1Behold

This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. Your language may have a way of showing this.

639MAT829gr2pfigs-rquestionτί ἡμῖν καὶ σοί, Υἱὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ?1What do we have to do with you, Son of God?
640MAT829jcq6guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΥἱὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ1Son of God

This is an important title for Jesus, which describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

641MAT829u4jrfigs-rquestionἦλθες ὧδε πρὸ καιροῦ βασανίσαι ἡμᾶς1Have you come here to torment us before the set time?
642MAT830v91cwriting-backgroundδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew tells background information about a herd of pigs that had been there before Jesus arrived. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

643MAT831tf32figs-explicitεἰ ἐκβάλλεις ἡμᾶς1If you cast us out
644MAT831cgf7figs-exclusiveἡμᾶς1us

This is exclusive, meaning the demons only. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])

645MAT832h86eαὐτοῖς1to them

This refers to the demons inside the men.

646MAT832gtx2οἱ ... ἐξελθόντες ἀπῆλθον εἰς τοὺς χοίρους1the demons came out and went into the pigs

The demons left the man and entered the pigs

647MAT832qa1iἰδοὺ1behold

This alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.

648MAT832lhn7ὥρμησεν ... κατὰ τοῦ κρημνοῦ1rushed down the steep hill

ran quickly down the steep slope

649MAT832zk2pἀπέθανον ἐν τοῖς ὕδασιν1they died in the water

they fell into the water and drowned

650MAT833qmc50Connecting Statement:

This concludes the account of Jesus healing two demon-possessed men.

651MAT833v39wοἱ ... βόσκοντες1those who had been tending the pigs

taking care of the pigs

652MAT833ev2wfigs-activepassiveτὰ τῶν δαιμονιζομένων1what had happened to the men who had been possessed by demons
653MAT834b2hpἰδοὺ1Behold

This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of showing this.

654MAT834j6spfigs-metonymyπᾶσα ἡ πόλις1all the city
655MAT834bsf4τῶν ὁρίων αὐτῶν1their region

their area

656MAT9introtg410
657MAT91nl8w0Connecting Statement:

Matthew returns to the theme, which he began in Matthew 8:1, of Jesus healing people. This begins an account of Jesus healing a paralyzed man.

658MAT91ly42figs-activepassiveἐμβὰς εἰς πλοῖο1Jesus entered into a boat

It is implied that the disciples were with Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

659MAT91cs8lπλοῖον1a boat

This is probably the same boat as in Matthew 8:23. You only need to specify this if needed to avoid confusion.

660MAT91lje9εἰς τὴν ἰδίαν πόλιν1into his own city
661MAT92i6xpἰδοὺ1Behold

This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of showing this.

662MAT92szd4προσέφερον1they brought

some men from the city

663MAT92k5ehτὴν πίστιν αὐτῶν1their faith

This refers to the faith of the men and may also include the faith of the paralyzed man.

664MAT92k9qqτέκνον1Child
665MAT92iys2figs-activepassiveἀφίενταί σου αἱ ἁμαρτίαι1Your sins have been forgiven
666MAT93a35dἰδού1behold

This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this.

667MAT93f88rἐν ἑαυτοῖς1among themselves

Possible meanings are 1) each one was thinking to himself, or 2) they were speaking among themselves.

668MAT93mq8vβλασφημεῖ1is blaspheming

Jesus was claiming to be able to do things the scribes thought only God can do.

669MAT94u643ἰδὼν ... τὰς ἐνθυμήσεις αὐτῶν1knew their thoughts

Jesus knew what they were thinking either supernaturally or because he could see them talking to each other.

670MAT94n4ylfigs-rquestionἵνα τί ἐνθυμεῖσθε πονηρὰ ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν?1For what reason are you thinking evil in your hearts?

Jesus used this question to rebuke the scribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

671MAT94qg52πονηρὰ1evil

This is moral evil or wickedness, not simply error in fact.

672MAT94d499figs-metonymyἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν1in your hearts
673MAT95j716figs-rquestionτί γάρ ἐστιν εὐκοπώτερον εἰπεῖν, ἀφέωνται‘ σου αἱ ἁμαρτίαι’, ἢ εἰπεῖν, ἔγειρε‘ καὶ περιπάτει?1For which is easier, to say, 'Your sins are forgiven,' or to say, 'Get up and walk'?
674MAT95mk14figs-quotationsτί ... ἐστιν εὐκοπώτερον εἰπεῖν, ἀφέωνται‘ σου αἱ ἁμαρτίαι’, ἢ εἰπεῖν, ἔγειρε‘ καὶ περιπάτει?1which is easier, to say, 'Your sins are forgiven,' or to say, 'Get up and walk'?
675MAT95g88pfigs-youἀφέωνται‘ σου αἱ ἁμαρτίαι1Your sins are forgiven
676MAT96gk68figs-youἵνα δὲ εἰδῆτε1But in order that you may know
677MAT96n5sffigs-youσου τὴν κλίνην ... τὸν οἶκόν σου1your mat ... your house
678MAT96td1zὕπαγε εἰς τὸν οἶκόν σου1go to your house

Jesus is not forbidding the man to go elsewhere. He is giving the man the opportunity to go home.

679MAT97uwq40Connecting Statement:

This concludes the account of Jesus healing a paralyzed man. Jesus then calls a tax collector to be one of his disciples.

680MAT98u8quτὸν δόντα1who had given

because he had given

681MAT98x71sἐξουσίαν τοιαύτην1such authority

This refers to the authority to declare sins forgiven.

682MAT99fkr2καὶ παράγων ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐκεῖθεν1As Jesus passed by from there

This phrase marks the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

683MAT99g4r4παράγων1passed by
684MAT99jc18Μαθθαῖον ... αὐτῷ ... αὐτῷ1Matthew ... him ... He
685MAT99t5ipλέγει αὐτῷ1He said to him

Jesus said to Matthew

686MAT99q438ἀναστὰς, ἠκολούθησεν αὐτῷ1he got up and followed him
687MAT910h7u90General Information:

These events occur at the house of Matthew the tax collector.

688MAT910ksr5τῇ οἰκίᾳ1the house

This is probably Matthew's house, but it could also be Jesus' house. Specify only if needed to avoid confusion.

689MAT910c751ἰδοὺ1behold

This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this.

690MAT910f9lhἁμαρτωλοὶ1sinners

people who did not obey the law of Moses but committed what others thought were very bad sins

691MAT911ge2uκαὶ ἰδόντες, οἱ Φαρισαῖοι1When the Pharisees saw it

When the Pharisees saw that Jesus was eating with the tax collectors and sinful people

692MAT911z4h5figs-rquestionδιὰ τί μετὰ τῶν τελωνῶν καὶ ἁμαρτωλῶν ἐσθίει ὁ διδάσκαλος ὑμῶν?1Why does your teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?

The Pharisees use this question to criticize what Jesus is doing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

693MAT912xz130General Information:

These events occur at the house of Matthew the tax collector.

694MAT912m7fmὁ δὲ ἀκούσα1When Jesus heard this
695MAT912tl42writing-proverbsοὐ χρείαν ἔχουσιν οἱ ἰσχύοντες ἰατροῦ, ἀλλὰ οἱ κακῶς ἔχοντες1People who are strong in body do not need a physician, but only those who are sick

Jesus answers with a proverb. He means that he eats with these kinds of people because he has come to help sinners. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])

696MAT912uhc5οἱ ἰσχύοντες ἰατροῦ1People who are strong in body

People who are healthy

697MAT912h5pgἰατροῦ1physician

doctor

698MAT912n33cfigs-ellipsisοἱ κακῶς ἔχοντες1those who are sick
699MAT913fu2rπορευθέντες δὲ, μάθετε τί ἐστιν1But you should go and learn what this means
700MAT913is3tfigs-youπορευθέντες1you should go
701MAT913tqr3ἔλεος‘ θέλω καὶ οὐ θυσίαν1I desire mercy and not sacrifice
702MAT913djt7οὐ γὰρ ἦλθον1For I did not come
703MAT913a886figs-ironyδικαίους1the righteous
704MAT914aa3c0Connecting Statement:

The disciples of John the Baptist question the fact that Jesus' disciples do not fast.

705MAT914k8vcοὐ νηστεύουσιν1do not fast

continue to eat regularly

706MAT915r8iffigs-rquestionμὴ δύνανται οἱ υἱοὶ τοῦ νυμφῶνος πενθεῖν, ἐφ’ ὅσον μετ’ αὐτῶν ἐστιν ὁ νυμφίος?1Can wedding attendants be sorrowful while the bridegroom is still with them?

Jesus uses a question to answer John's disciples. They all knew that people do not mourn and fast at a wedding celebration. Jesus uses this proverb to show that his disciples do not mourn because he is still there with them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])

707MAT915iz9sἐλεύσονται δὲ ἡμέραι ὅταν1But the days will come when
708MAT915p6hzfigs-activepassiveἀπαρθῇ ἀπ’ αὐτῶν ὁ νυμφίος1the bridegroom will be taken away from them
709MAT915u8erἀπαρθῇ1will be taken away

Jesus is probably referring to his own death, but this should not be made explicit here in the translation. To maintain the imagery of a wedding, it is best to just state that the bridegroom will not be there any longer.

710MAT916v4a10Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to answer the question that the disciples of John had asked. He did this by giving two examples of old things and new things that people do not put together.

711MAT916yf98οὐδεὶς δὲ ἐπιβάλλει ἐπίβλημα ῥάκους ἀγνάφου ἐπὶ ἱματίῳ παλαιῷ1No man puts a piece of new cloth on an old garment
712MAT916bk47ἱματίῳ παλαιῷ ... τοῦ ἱματίου1an old garment ... the garment
713MAT916t71tfigs-activepassiveχεῖρον σχίσμα γίνεται1a worse tear will happen
714MAT917q9wh0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to answer the question that disciples of John had asked.

715MAT917s13yοὐδὲ βάλλουσιν οἶνον νέον εἰς ἀσκοὺς παλαιούς1Neither do people put new wine into old wineskins

Jesus uses another proverb to answer John's disciples. This means the same as the proverb in Matthew 9:16.

716MAT917fbl3οὐδὲ βάλλουσιν1Neither do people put
717MAT917h26etranslate-unknownοἶνον νέον1new wine
718MAT917dpv4ἀσκοὺς παλαιούς1old wineskins

This refers to wineskins that have stretched and dried out because they were already used for fermenting wine.

719MAT917v4x2ἀσκοὺς1wineskins
720MAT917hv8ffigs-activepassiveὁ οἶνος ἐκχεῖται καὶ οἱ ἀσκοὶ ἀπόλλυνται1the wine will be spilled, and the wineskins will be destroyed
721MAT917tg2kῥήγνυνται οἱ ἀσκοί1the wineskins will burst

When the new wine ferments and expands, the skins tear open because they can no longer stretch out.

722MAT917cid7ἀσκοὺς καινούς1fresh wineskins
723MAT917i8v4figs-activepassiveἀμφότεροι συντηροῦνται1both will be preserved
724MAT918a7ax0Connecting Statement:

This begins an account of Jesus bringing to life the daughter of a Jewish official after she had died.

725MAT918mj4xταῦτα1these things

This refers to the answer Jesus gave John's disciples about fasting.

726MAT918eqp1ἰδοὺ1behold
727MAT918n1i6translate-symactionπροσεκύνει αὐτῷ1bowed down to him

This is a way someone would show respect in Jewish culture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

728MAT918in6tἐλθὼν ἐπίθες τὴν χεῖρά σου ἐπ’ αὐτήν καὶ ζήσεται1come and lay your hand on her, and she will live

This shows that the Jewish official believed Jesus had the power to bring his daughter back to life.

729MAT919z99mοἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ1his disciples

Jesus' disciples

730MAT920ai7a0Connecting Statement:

This describes how Jesus healed another woman while he was on the way to the Jewish official's house.

731MAT920etd3ἰδοὺ1Behold
732MAT920gv15figs-euphemismαἱμορροοῦσα1who suffered from a discharge of blood
733MAT920na37translate-numbersδώδεκα ἔτη1twelve years
734MAT920m9zqτοῦ ἱματίου αὐτοῦ1his garment
735MAT921eb6tfigs-events
736MAT921ukb8figs-explicitἐὰν μόνον ἅψωμαι τοῦ ἱματίου αὐτοῦ1If only I touch his clothes

According to Jewish law, because she was bleeding she was not supposed to touch anyone. She touches his clothes so that Jesus' power would heal her and yet (she thought) he would not know that she touched him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

737MAT922vi84ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς1But Jesus

The woman was hoping she could touch him secretly, but Jesus

738MAT922x398θύγατερ1Daughter
739MAT922q6caἡ πίστις σου σέσωκέν σε1your faith has made you well

because you believed in me, I will heal you

740MAT922zv2nfigs-activepassiveἐσώθη ἡ γυνὴ ἀπὸ τῆς ὥρας ἐκείνης1the woman was healed from that hour
741MAT923tu2c0Connecting Statement:

This returns to the account of Jesus bringing the daughter of the Jewish official back to life.

742MAT923jae1τοὺς αὐλητὰς καὶ τὸν ὄχλον θορυβούμενον1the flute players and the crowds making much noise

This was a common way to mourn for someone who has died.

743MAT923gy7gτοὺς αὐλητὰς1the flute players

people who play flutes

744MAT924v1stἀναχωρεῖτε1Go away

Jesus was speaking to many people, so use the plural command form if your language has one.

745MAT924pc1mfigs-euphemismοὐ ... ἀπέθανεν τὸ κοράσιον, ἀλλὰ καθεύδει1the girl is not dead, but she is asleep
746MAT925iy6x0General Information:

Verse 26 is a summary statement that describes the result of Jesus raising this girl from the dead.

747MAT925utu30Connecting Statement:

This completes the account of Jesus bringing the daughter of the Jewish official back to life.

748MAT925nqs6figs-activepassiveὅτε δὲ ἐξεβλήθη ὁ ὄχλος1When the crowd had been put outside
749MAT925mm3qἠγέρθη1got up
750MAT926rxs4καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ἡ φήμη αὕτη εἰς ὅλην τὴν γῆν ἐκείνην1The news about this spread into all that region
751MAT927b1h60Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of Jesus healing two blind men.

752MAT927a8nmκαὶ παράγοντι ἐκεῖθεν τῷ Ἰησοῦ1As Jesus passed by from there

As Jesus was leaving the region

753MAT927nwe9παράγοντι1passed by
754MAT927suc1ἠκολούθησαν αὐτῷ1followed him

This means they were walking behind Jesus, not necessarily that they had become his disciples.

755MAT927d8bufigs-explicitἐλέησον ἡμᾶς1Have mercy on us

It is implied that they wanted Jesus to heal them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

756MAT927dh5dΥἱὲ Δαυείδ1Son of David
757MAT928yr4hἐλθόντι δὲ εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν1When he had come into the house

This could be either Jesus' own house or the house in Matthew 9:10.

758MAT928e81ffigs-ellipsisναί, Κύριε1Yes, Lord
759MAT929b3rlἥψατο τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν αὐτῶν λέγων1he touched their eyes, saying

It is not clear whether he touched both men's eyes at the same time or used only his right hand to touch one then the other. As the left hand was customarily used for unclean purposes, it is most likely that he used only his right hand. It is also not clear whether he spoke as he was touching them or touched them first and then spoke to them.

760MAT929w92efigs-activepassiveκατὰ τὴν πίστιν ὑμῶν γενηθήτω ὑμῖν1Let it be done to you according to your faith
761MAT930uk2afigs-idiomἠνεῴχθησαν αὐτῶν οἱ ὀφθαλμοί1their eyes were opened
762MAT930t6p8figs-idiomὁρᾶτε μηδεὶς γινωσκέτω1See that no one knows about this
763MAT931y574οἱ δὲ1But they

The two men did not do what Jesus told them to do. They

764MAT931y4b2διεφήμισαν1spread the news

told many people what had happened to them

765MAT932tya10Connecting Statement:

This is the account of Jesus healing a demon-possessed man who could not speak and how people responded.

766MAT932v9trἰδοὺ1behold
767MAT932kr24figs-activepassiveπροσήνεγκαν αὐτῷ ἄνθρωπον κωφὸν1a mute man ... was brought to him
768MAT932sh32κωφὸν1mute

not able to talk

769MAT932n6fsfigs-activepassiveδαιμονιζόμενον1possessed by a demon
770MAT933d6zsfigs-activepassiveκαὶ ἐκβληθέντος τοῦ δαιμονίου1When the demon had been driven out
771MAT933r8ceἐλάλησεν ὁ κωφός1the mute man spoke
772MAT933d1lfκαὶ ἐθαύμασαν οἱ ὄχλοι1The crowds were astonished

The people were amazed

773MAT933y4l5figs-activepassiveοὐδέποτε ἐφάνη οὕτως1This has never been seen before
774MAT934z2r7ἐκβάλλει τὰ δαιμόνια1he drives out the demons

he forces demons to leave

775MAT934q623ἐκβάλλει1he drives out
776MAT935z6ya0General Information:

Verse 36 begins a new part of the story where Jesus teaches his disciples and sends them to preach and heal as he has done.

777MAT935xpp4writing-endofstory0Connecting Statement:

Verse 35 is the end of the part of the story that began in Matthew 8:1 about Jesus' healing ministry in Galilee. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])

778MAT935x9ckfigs-hyperboleτὰς πόλεις πάσας1all the cities
779MAT935ehx5πόλεις ... κώμας1cities ... villages
780MAT935uz5efigs-abstractnounsτὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς βασιλείας1the gospel of the kingdom
781MAT935e7atπᾶσαν νόσον καὶ πᾶσαν μαλακίαν1every disease and every sickness
782MAT936t47ifigs-simileὡσεὶ πρόβατα μὴ ἔχοντα ποιμένα1like sheep without a shepherd
783MAT937q95i0General Information:

Jesus uses a proverb about harvesting to tell his disciples how they should respond to the needs of the crowds mentioned in the previous section.

784MAT937mur4writing-proverbsὁ μὲν θερισμὸς πολύς, οἱ δὲ ἐργάται ὀλίγοι1The harvest is plentiful, but the laborers are few

Jesus uses a proverb to respond to what he is seeing. Jesus means there are a lot of people who are ready to believe God but only few people to teach them God's truth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])

785MAT937m6keὁ μὲν θερισμὸς πολύς1The harvest is plentiful

There is plenty of ripe food for someone to collect

786MAT937h3a2ἐργάται1laborers

workers

787MAT938vz8yδεήθητε ... τοῦ Κυρίου τοῦ θερισμοῦ1urgently pray to the Lord of the harvest

pray to God, because he is in charge of the harvest

788MAT10introm5iu0
789MAT101nhp20Connecting Statement:

This begins an account of Jesus sending out his twelve disciples to do his work.

790MAT101gjs9translate-numbersκαὶ προσκαλεσάμενος τοὺς δώδεκα μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ1Then he called his twelve disciples together
791MAT101x1erἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς ἐξουσίαν1gave them authority

Be sure that the text clearly communicates that this authority was 1) to drive out unclean spirits and 2) to heal disease and sickness.

792MAT101pq8kὥστε ἐκβάλλειν αὐτὰ1to drive them out

to make the unclean spirits leave

793MAT101x29jπᾶσαν νόσον καὶ πᾶσαν μαλακίαν1every disease and every sickness.
794MAT102yt7a0General Information:

Here the author provides the names of the twelve apostles as background information.

795MAT102t59vwriting-backgroundδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew tells background information about the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

796MAT102f1vuτῶν ... δώδεκα ἀποστόλων1the twelve apostles
797MAT102sc7btranslate-ordinalπρῶτος1first

This is first in order, not in rank. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])

798MAT103g6egΜαθθαῖος ὁ τελώνης1Matthew the tax collector

Matthew, who was a tax collector

799MAT104n4stὁ Καναναῖος1the Zealot
800MAT104kmp2ὁ καὶ παραδοὺς αὐτόν1who would also betray him

who would betray Jesus

801MAT105sn9vfigs-events0General Information:

Although verse 5 begins by saying that he sent out the twelve, Jesus gave these instructions before he sent them out. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]])

802MAT105aw5h0Connecting Statement:

Here Jesus begins to give instructions to his disciples about what they should do and expect when they go to preach.

803MAT105c46dτούτους τοὺς δώδεκα ἀπέστειλεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς1These twelve Jesus sent out
804MAT105yix4ἀπέστειλεν1sent out

Jesus sent them out for a particular purpose.

805MAT105ryl4παραγγείλας αὐτοῖς1He instructed them
806MAT106q1pbfigs-metaphorτὰ πρόβατα τὰ ἀπολωλότα οἴκου Ἰσραήλ1lost sheep of the house of Israel

This is a metaphor comparing the entire nation of Israel to sheep who have strayed from their shepherd. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

807MAT106b6i2figs-metonymyοἴκου Ἰσραήλ1house of Israel
808MAT107uff2figs-youπορευόμενοι1as you go
809MAT107w59ifigs-metonymyἤγγικεν‘ ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1The kingdom of heaven has come near
810MAT108e13x0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about what they should do when they go to preach.

811MAT108v5spfigs-youθεραπεύετε ... ἐγείρετε ... καθαρίζετε ... ἐκβάλλετε ... ἐλάβετε ... δότε1Heal ... raise ... cleanse ... cast out ... you have received ... give

These verbs and pronouns are plural and refer to the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

812MAT108bb4dfigs-idiomνεκροὺς ἐγείρετε1raise the dead
813MAT108ilj9figs-ellipsisδωρεὰν ἐλάβετε, δωρεὰν δότε1Freely you have received, freely give
814MAT108ls6jfigs-metaphorδωρεὰν ἐλάβετε, δωρεὰν δότε1Freely you have received, freely give
815MAT109dw4ifigs-youὑμῶν1your

This refers to the twelve apostles and so is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

816MAT109a4xxfigs-metonymyχρυσὸν, μηδὲ ἄργυρον, μηδὲ χαλκὸν1any gold, or silver, or copper
817MAT109b4m7τὰς ζώνας1purses
818MAT1010kia9πήραν1traveling bag

This could either be any bag used to carry things on a journey, or a bag used by someone to collect food or money.

819MAT1010i2exδύο χιτῶνας1two tunics
820MAT1010ei4dὁ ἐργάτης1the laborer

worker

821MAT1010m97hfigs-synecdocheτῆς τροφῆς αὐτοῦ1his food
822MAT1011dk1r0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about what they should do when they go out to preach.

823MAT1011b7igεἰς ἣν δ’ ἂν πόλιν ἢ κώμην εἰσέλθητε1Whatever city or village you enter into
824MAT1011p4lnπόλιν ... κώμην1city ... village
825MAT1011r7kjfigs-youεἰσέλθητε1you enter

This is plural and refers to the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

826MAT1011c3ufἄξιός1worthy
827MAT1011a41dfigs-explicitκἀκεῖ μείνατε ἕως ἂν ἐξέλθητε1stay there until you leave
828MAT1012n6cmfigs-metonymyεἰσερχόμενοι δὲ εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν, ἀσπάσασθε αὐτήν1As you enter into the house, greet it
829MAT1012k1xkfigs-youεἰσερχόμενοι1As you enter

This is plural and refers to the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

830MAT1013qip2figs-youὑμῶν ... ὑμῶν1your ... your

These are plural and refer to the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

831MAT1013kc9mfigs-metonymyμὲν ᾖ ἡ οἰκία ἀξία ... μὴ ᾖ ἀξία1the house is worthy ... it is not worthy
832MAT1013q75afigs-metonymyἐλθάτω ἡ εἰρήνη ὑμῶν ἐπ’ αὐτήν1let your peace come upon it
833MAT1013ha8ffigs-metonymyἐὰν ... μὴ ᾖ ἀξία1if it is not worthy
834MAT1013my3yἡ εἰρήνη ὑμῶν πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἐπιστραφήτω1let your peace come back to you

Possible meanings are 1) if the household was not worthy, then God would hold back peace or blessings from that household or 2) if the household was not worthy, then the apostles were supposed to do something, such as asking God not to honor their greeting of peace. If your language has a similar meaning of taking back a greeting or its effects, that should be used here.

835MAT1014yn9k0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about what they should do when they go to preach.

836MAT1014m8e9καὶ ὃς ἂν μὴ δέξηται ὑμᾶς, μηδὲ ἀκούσῃ1As for those who do not receive you or listen to

If no people in that house or city will receive you or listen

837MAT1014w5pyfigs-youὑμᾶς ... ὑμῶν1you ... your

This is plural and refers to the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

838MAT1014z826figs-metonymyἀκούσῃ τοὺς λόγους ὑμῶν1listen to your words
839MAT1014hi3iπόλεως1city

You should translate this the same way you did in Matthew 10:11.

840MAT1014i5mctranslate-symactionἐκτινάξατε τὸν κονιορτὸν τῶν ποδῶν ὑμῶν1shake off the dust from your feet
841MAT1015pk4fἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
842MAT1015d6ibἀνεκτότερον ἔσται1it shall be more tolerable

the suffering shall be less

843MAT1015sg3cfigs-metonymyγῇ Σοδόμων καὶ Γομόρρων1the land of Sodom and Gomorrah
844MAT1015zmm2figs-metonymyτῇ πόλει ἐκείνῃ1that city
845MAT1016lf4i0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to instruct his disciples. Here he begins to tell them about the persecution they will endure when they go out to preach.

846MAT1016ggp6ἰδοὺ, ἐγὼ ἀποστέλλω1See, I send out
847MAT1016c9biἐγὼ ἀποστέλλω ὑμᾶς1I send you out

Jesus is sending them out for a particular purpose.

848MAT1016b262figs-simileὡς πρόβατα ἐν μέσῳ λύκων1as sheep in the midst of wolves
849MAT1016s21afigs-simileγίνεσθε ... φρόνιμοι ὡς οἱ ὄφεις καὶ ἀκέραιοι ὡς αἱ περιστεραί1be wise as the serpents and harmless as the doves
850MAT1017a55qwriting-connectingwordsπροσέχετε δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων; παραδώσουσιν γὰρ ὑμᾶς1Watch out for people! For they will deliver you up
851MAT1017csc4παραδώσουσιν ... ὑμᾶς εἰς 1they will deliver you up to

will put you under the control of

852MAT1017fct4συνέδρια1councils

local religious leaders or elders who together keep peace in the community

853MAT1017gs2dμαστιγώσουσιν ὑμᾶς1they will whip you

beat you with a whip

854MAT1018pe3dfigs-activepassiveἀχθήσεσθε1you will be brought
855MAT1018p74kἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ1for my sake
856MAT1018u5wcαὐτοῖς καὶ τοῖς ἔθνεσιν1to them and to the Gentiles
857MAT1019ksi40Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the persecution they will endure when they go out to preach.

858MAT1019e5t6ὅταν δὲ παραδῶσιν ὑμᾶς1When they deliver you up
859MAT1019qcs3figs-youὑμᾶς ... ὑμῖν1you ... you

These are plural and refer to the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

860MAT1019qzd2μὴ μεριμνήσητε1do not be anxious about

do not worry

861MAT1019ien3figs-hendiadysπῶς ἢ τί λαλήσητε1how or what you will speak
862MAT1019l7rbfigs-activepassiveδοθήσεται γὰρ ὑμῖν ... τί λαλήσητε1for what to say will be given to you
863MAT1019cm7hfigs-metonymyἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ὥρᾳ1in that hour
864MAT1020yuk1figs-youὑμεῖς ... ὑμῶν ... ὑμῖν1you ... your ... you

These are plural and refer to the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

865MAT1020v9tmτὸ Πνεῦμα τοῦ Πατρὸς ὑμῶν1the Spirit of your Father
866MAT1020k3xrguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Πατρὸς1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

867MAT1020zxd8ἐν ὑμῖν1in you

through you

868MAT1021i8q50Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the persecution they will endure when they go out to preach.

869MAT1021p9msπαραδώσει δὲ ἀδελφὸς ἀδελφὸν εἰς θάνατον1Brother will deliver up brother to death
870MAT1021lh6zfigs-abstractnounsπαραδώσει ... ἀδελφὸν εἰς θάνατον1will deliver up brother to death
871MAT1021p8w9figs-ellipsisπατὴρ τέκνον1a father his child
872MAT1021xja9ἐπαναστήσονται ... ἐπὶ1rise up against
873MAT1021xf2dfigs-activepassiveθανατώσουσιν αὐτούς1cause them to be put to death
874MAT1022sp6pfigs-activepassiveκαὶ ἔσεσθε μισούμενοι ὑπὸ πάντων1You will be hated by everyone
875MAT1022va6ifigs-youἔσεσθε1You will be

This is plural and refers to the twelve disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

876MAT1022n3xnfigs-metonymyδιὰ τὸ ὄνομά μου1because of my name
877MAT1022k5w9ὁ ... ὑπομείνας1whoever endures

whoever stays faithful

878MAT1022j71iεἰς τέλος1to the end
879MAT1022qn7jfigs-activepassiveοὗτος σωθήσεται1that person will be saved
880MAT1023m42zἐν τῇ πόλει ταύτῃ1in this city
881MAT1023jjd4φεύγετε εἰς τὴν ἑτέραν1flee to the next

flee to the next city

882MAT1023gk1sἀμὴν ... λέγω ὑμῖν1truly I say to you
883MAT1023dk4ufigs-123personΥἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1Son of Man

Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

884MAT1023tm8zἔλθῃ1comes

arrives

885MAT1024uv9r0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the persecution they will endure when they go out to preach.

886MAT1024p8mrwriting-proverbsοὐκ ἔστιν μαθητὴς ὑπὲρ τὸν διδάσκαλον, οὐδὲ δοῦλος ὑπὲρ τὸν κύριον αὐτοῦ1A disciple is not greater than his teacher, nor a servant above his master

Jesus is using a proverb to teach his disciples a general truth. Jesus is emphasizing that the disciples should not expect people to treat them any better than the people treat Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])

887MAT1024syb2οὐκ ἔστιν μαθητὴς ὑπὲρ τὸν διδάσκαλον1A disciple is not greater than his teacher
888MAT1024nc3eοὐδὲ δοῦλος ὑπὲρ τὸν κύριον αὐτοῦ1nor a servant above his master
889MAT1025e2aeἀρκετὸν τῷ μαθητῇ ἵνα γένηται ὡς ὁ διδάσκαλος αὐτοῦ1It is enough for the disciple that he should be like his teacher

The disciple should be satisfied to become like his teacher

890MAT1025t7jpfigs-explicitγένηται ὡς ὁ διδάσκαλος αὐτοῦ1be like his teacher
891MAT1025e6z3figs-explicitὁ δοῦλος ὡς ὁ κύριος αὐτοῦ1the servant like his master
892MAT1025u355εἰ ... ἐπεκάλεσαν, πόσῳ μᾶλλον τοὺς οἰκιακοὺς αὐτοῦ1If they have called ... how much worse ... the members of his household

Again Jesus is emphasizing that since people have mistreated him, his disciples should expect people to treat them the same or worse.

893MAT1025bg2lπόσῳ μᾶλλον τοὺς οἰκιακοὺς αὐτοῦ1how much worse the members of his household
894MAT1025cp96εἰ ... ἐπεκάλεσαν1If they have called

Since people have called

895MAT1025pu5yfigs-metaphorτὸν οἰκοδεσπότην1the master of the house

Jesus is using this as a metaphor for himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

896MAT1025y5mdΒεελζεβοὺλ1Beelzebul
897MAT1025r5llfigs-metaphorτοὺς οἰκιακοὺς αὐτοῦ1the members of his household

This is a metaphor for Jesus' disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

898MAT1026zb2j0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the persecution they will endure when they go out to preach.

899MAT1026twv2μὴ ... φοβηθῆτε αὐτούς1do not fear them
900MAT1026xqs4figs-metaphorοὐδὲν ... ἐστιν κεκαλυμμένον ὃ οὐκ ἀποκαλυφθήσεται, καὶ κρυπτὸν ὃ οὐ γνωσθήσεται1there is nothing concealed that will not be revealed, and nothing hidden that will not be known
901MAT1027fa1sfigs-parallelismὃ λέγω ὑμῖν ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ, εἴπατε ἐν τῷ φωτί; καὶ ὃ εἰς τὸ οὖς ἀκούετε, κηρύξατε ἐπὶ τῶν δωμάτων1What I tell you in the darkness, say in the daylight, and what you hear softly in your ear, proclaim upon the housetops
902MAT1027kw75figs-metonymyὃ λέγω ὑμῖν ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ, εἴπατε ἐν τῷ φωτί1What I tell you in the darkness, say in the daylight
903MAT1027fc49figs-idiomὃ εἰς τὸ οὖς ἀκούετε1what you hear softly in your ear
904MAT1027t9u9figs-metonymyκηρύξατε ἐπὶ τῶν δωμάτων1proclaim upon the housetops
905MAT1028s6wq0General Information:

Here Jesus also begins to give reasons why his disciples should not be afraid of the persecution they might experience.

906MAT1028p3fn0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the persecution they will endure when they go to preach.

907MAT1028fb29figs-distinguishκαὶ μὴ φοβεῖσθε ἀπὸ τῶν ἀποκτεννόντων τὸ σῶμα, τὴν δὲ ψυχὴν μὴ δυναμένων ἀποκτεῖναι1Do not be afraid of those who kill the body but are unable to kill the soul
908MAT1028lc56τῶν ἀποκτεννόντων τὸ σῶμα1those who kill the body
909MAT1028ei7yτὸ σῶμα1the body

the part of a person that can be touched, as opposed to the soul or spirit

910MAT1028e4deτὴν ... ψυχὴν ... ἀποκτεῖναι1to kill the soul

This means to harm people after they have physically died.

911MAT1028e76nτὴν ... ψυχὴν1the soul

the part of a person that cannot be touched and that lives on after the physical body dies

912MAT1028pk7kwriting-connectingwordsφοβεῖσθε ... τὸν δυνάμενον1fear him who is able
913MAT1029tm3swriting-proverbsοὐχὶ δύο στρουθία ἀσσαρίου πωλεῖται?1Are not two sparrows sold for a small coin?
914MAT1029q22ltranslate-unknownστρουθία1sparrows
915MAT1029i399ἀσσαρίου1a small coin
916MAT1029wxt4figs-doublenegativesἓν ἐξ αὐτῶν οὐ πεσεῖται ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν, ἄνευ τοῦ Πατρὸς ὑμῶν1not one of them falls to the ground without your Father's knowledge
917MAT1029fe8zguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Πατρὸς1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

918MAT1030cih3figs-activepassiveὑμῶν ... καὶ αἱ τρίχες τῆς κεφαλῆς πᾶσαι ἠριθμημέναι εἰσίν1even the hairs of your head are all numbered
919MAT1030nb7bἠριθμημέναι1numbered

counted

920MAT1031n2tzπολλῶν στρουθίων διαφέρετε ὑμεῖς1You are more valuable than many sparrows

God values you more than many sparrows

921MAT1032jtw90Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the reasons why they should not be afraid of the persecution that they might experience.

922MAT1032ntt9πᾶς ... ὅστις ὁμολογήσει ἐν ἐμοὶ ... κἀγὼ ἐν αὐτῷ ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Πατρός μου1everyone who confesses me ... I will also confess him before my Father
923MAT1032yj44ὁμολογήσει ἐν ἐμοὶ ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων1confesses me before men
924MAT1032j4dhfigs-ellipsisὁμολογήσω κἀγὼ ἐν αὐτῷ ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Πατρός μου τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς1I will also confess him before my Father who is in heaven
925MAT1032kdd2τοῦ Πατρός μου τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς1my Father who is in heaven

my heavenly Father

926MAT1032n1nbguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Πατρός μου1my Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

927MAT1033sx8gὅστις ... ἂν ἀρνήσηταί με ... ἀρνήσομαι κἀγὼ αὐτὸν ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Πατρός μου1whoever denies me ... I will also deny him before my Father
928MAT1033d15sἂν ἀρνήσηταί με ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων1denies me before men
929MAT1033cnu3figs-ellipsisἀρνήσομαι κἀγὼ αὐτὸν ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Πατρός μου τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς1I will also deny him before my Father who is in heaven
930MAT1034bx730Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the reasons why they should not be afraid of the persecution that they might experience.

931MAT1034rrp3μὴ νομίσητε1Do not think
932MAT1034l5adfigs-metonymyἐπὶ τὴν γῆν1upon the earth
933MAT1034jq6dfigs-metonymyμάχαιραν1a sword

This refers to division, fighting, and killing among people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

934MAT1035xx5mδιχάσαι‘ ἄνθρωπον κατὰ1to set a man against

to cause ... to fight against

935MAT1035k18yἄνθρωπον κατὰ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ1a man against his father

a son against his father

936MAT1036lhc2καὶ ἐχθροὶ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου1A man's enemies
937MAT1036g166οἱ οἰκιακοὶ αὐτοῦ1those of his own household

members of his own family

938MAT1037ju1k0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the reasons why they should not be afraid of the persecution that they might experience.

939MAT1037x1xgfigs-gendernotationsὁ φιλῶν ... οὐκ ἔστιν μου ἄξιος1He who loves ... is not worthy
940MAT1037az6tὁ φιλῶν1He who loves
941MAT1037fb3pμου ἄξιος1worthy of me
942MAT1038ye95figs-metonymyλαμβάνει τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀκολουθεῖ ὀπίσω μου1pick up his cross and follow after me
943MAT1038ai2rλαμβάνει1pick up
944MAT1039u4jhwriting-proverbsὁ εὑρὼν τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ἀπολέσει αὐτήν; καὶ ὁ ἀπολέσας ... εὑρήσει αὐτήν1He who finds his life will lose it. But he who loses ... will find it
945MAT1039jwf2figs-metaphorὁ εὑρὼν1He who finds
946MAT1039pbf3figs-metaphorἀπολέσει αὐτήν1will lose it
947MAT1039i3x4figs-metaphorὁ ἀπολέσας τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ1he who loses his life
948MAT1039hz7rἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ1for my sake
949MAT1039g2c8figs-metaphorεὑρήσει αὐτήν1will find it
950MAT1040u2wq0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the reasons why they should not be afraid of the persecution that they might experience.

951MAT1040asg3figs-gendernotationsὁ δεχόμενος1He who welcomes
952MAT1040c77eὁ δεχόμενος1He who welcomes

This means to receive someone as a guest.

953MAT1040ir49figs-youὑμᾶς1you

This is plural and refers to the twelve apostles to whom Jesus is speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

954MAT1040pf1jὁ δεχόμενος ὑμᾶς ἐμὲ δέχεται1He who welcomes you welcomes me
955MAT1040y9ckὁ ἐμὲ δεχόμενος δέχεται τὸν ἀποστείλαντά με1he who welcomes me also welcomes him who sent me
956MAT1041g43dεἰς ὄνομα προφήτου1because he is a prophet
957MAT1041yj1qμισθὸν προφήτου1a prophet's reward

This refers to the reward that God gives the prophet, not to the reward that a prophet gives to another person.

958MAT1041gjf3εἰς ὄνομα δικαίου1because he is a righteous man
959MAT1041qfv7μισθὸν δικαίου1a righteous man's reward

This refers to the reward God gives to a righteous person, not a reward that a righteous person gives to another person.

960MAT1042wx4a0Connecting Statement:

Jesus finishes instructing his disciples about what they should do and expect when they go to preach.

961MAT1042v6jgκαὶ ὃς ἐὰν ποτίσῃ1Whoever gives to drink

Anyone who gives

962MAT1042z8tkἕνα τῶν μικρῶν τούτων1one of these little ones
963MAT1042lza6εἰς ὄνομα μαθητοῦ1because he is a disciple
964MAT1042wx29ἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1truly I say to you
965MAT1042y1ieοὐ μὴ ἀπολέσῃ τὸν μισθὸν αὐτοῦ1he will certainly not lose his reward
966MAT1042d61lοὐ μὴ ἀπολέσῃ1he will certainly not lose
967MAT11intropuf40
968MAT111z2y7writing-newevent0General Information:

This is the beginning of a new part of the story where Matthew tells of how Jesus responded to disciples of John the Baptist. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

969MAT111dr3uκαὶ ἐγένετο ὅτε1It came about that when
970MAT111ki7fἐτέλεσεν ... διατάσσων1had finished instructing
971MAT111m6h5translate-numbersτοῖς δώδεκα μαθηταῖς αὐτοῦ1his twelve disciples

This refers to the twelve chosen apostles of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

972MAT111ju1qἐν ταῖς πόλεσιν αὐτῶν1in their cities
973MAT112n2dcδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story.

974MAT112f3j7ὁ ... Ἰωάννης, ἀκούσας ἐν τῷ δεσμωτηρίῳ1when John heard in the prison about
975MAT112xre1πέμψας διὰ τῶν μαθητῶν αὐτοῦ1he sent a message by his disciples

John the Baptist sent his own disciples with a message to Jesus.

976MAT113w2imεἶπεν αὐτῷ1said to him
977MAT113q89tσὺ εἶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος1Are you the one who is coming
978MAT113hrk5ἕτερον προσδοκῶμεν?1should we look for another?
979MAT114a66rἀπαγγείλατε Ἰωάννῃ1report to John

tell John

980MAT115sd6cfigs-activepassiveλεπροὶ καθαρίζονται1lepers are being cleansed
981MAT115v274figs-activepassiveνεκροὶ ἐγείρονται1the dead are being raised back to life
982MAT115g3k4figs-activepassiveπτωχοὶ‘ εὐαγγελίζονται1the gospel is being preached to the poor
983MAT115l443figs-nominaladjπτωχοὶ1the poor
984MAT117g2q80Connecting Statement:

Jesus begins to talk to the crowds about John the Baptist.

985MAT117ysq6figs-rquestionτί ἐξήλθατε εἰς τὴν ἔρημον θεάσασθαι? κάλαμον ὑπὸ ἀνέμου σαλευόμενον?1What did you go out in the desert to see—a reed being shaken by the wind?
986MAT117pc6cfigs-metaphorκάλαμον ὑπὸ ἀνέμου σαλευόμενον1a reed being shaken by the wind
987MAT117w269figs-activepassiveὑπὸ ἀνέμου σαλευόμενον1being shaken by the wind
988MAT118n5hxfigs-rquestionἀλλὰ τί ἐξήλθατε ἰδεῖν? ἄνθρωπον ἐν μαλακοῖς ἠμφιεσμένον?1But what did you go out to see—a man dressed in soft clothing?
989MAT118y24rἐν μαλακοῖς ἠμφιεσμένον1dressed in soft clothing
990MAT118tmb9ἰδοὺ1Really
991MAT118v9k2τοῖς οἴκοις τῶν βασιλέων1kings' houses

kings' palaces

992MAT119cgm40General Information:

In verse 10, Jesus quotes the prophet Malachi to show that the life and ministry of John the Baptist fulfilled prophecy.

993MAT119w9su0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to talk to the crowds about John the Baptist.

994MAT119gm97figs-rquestionἀλλὰ τί ἐξήλθατε? προφήτην ἰδεῖν1But what did you go out to see—a prophet?
995MAT119nkd4ναί, λέγω ὑμῖν1Yes, I say to you

I say to you yes,

996MAT119fb75figs-ellipsisπερισσότερον προφήτου1much more than a prophet
997MAT1110de17figs-activepassiveοὗτός ἐστιν περὶ οὗ γέγραπται1This is he of whom it was written
998MAT1110ql5hἐγὼ ἀποστέλλω τὸν ἄγγελόν μου1I am sending my messenger
999MAT1110fi5efigs-youπρὸ προσώπου σου1before your face
1000MAT1110kva7figs-metaphorκατασκευάσει τὴν ὁδόν σου ἔμπροσθέν σου1will prepare your way before you

This is a metaphor that means the messenger will prepare the people to receive the Messiah's message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1001MAT1111c7pp0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to talk to the crowds about John the Baptist.

1002MAT1111j7gwἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
1003MAT1111z5yqfigs-idiomἐν γεννητοῖς γυναικῶν1among those born of women
1004MAT1111q2kpμείζων Ἰωάννου τοῦ Βαπτιστοῦ1no one is greater than John the Baptist
1005MAT1111cag4figs-metonymyὁ ... μικρότερος ἐν τῇ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1the least important person in the kingdom of heaven
1006MAT1111p5irμείζων αὐτοῦ ἐστιν1is greater than he is

is more important than John is

1007MAT1112mb4vἀπὸ δὲ τῶν ἡμερῶν Ἰωάννου τοῦ Βαπτιστοῦ1From the days of John the Baptist
1008MAT1112inr2ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν βιάζεται, καὶ βιασταὶ ἁρπάζουσιν αὐτήν1the kingdom of heaven suffers violence, and men of violence take it by force

There are various possible interpretations of this verse. The UST assumes that it means that some people want to use God's kingdom for their own selfish purposes, and that they are willing to use force against other people to accomplish this. Other versions assume a positive interpretation, that the call to enter the kingdom of God has become so urgent, that people must act in an extreme manner in order to answer that call and to resist the temptation to sin further. A third interpretation is that violent people are harming God's people and trying to stop God from ruling.

1009MAT1113v3el0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to talk to the crowds about John the Baptist.

1010MAT1113g1i6figs-metonymyπάντες ... οἱ προφῆται καὶ ὁ νόμος ἕως Ἰωάννου ἐπροφήτευσαν1all the prophets and the law have been prophesying until John
1011MAT1114yg2ffigs-youεἰ θέλετε1if you are willing
1012MAT1114e68uαὐτός ἐστιν Ἠλείας, ὁ μέλλων ἔρχεσθαι1he is Elijah who was going to come
1013MAT1115z97xfigs-metonymyὁ ἔχων ὦτα ἀκούειν, ἀκουέτω1He who has ears to hear, let him hear
1014MAT1115w4ccfigs-123personὁ ἔχων ... ἀκουέτω1He who has ... let him hear
1015MAT1116q1s50Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to talk to the crowds about John the Baptist.

1016MAT1116mp8gfigs-rquestionτίνι δὲ ὁμοιώσω τὴν γενεὰν ταύτην? 1To what should I compare this generation?
1017MAT1116yat1τὴν γενεὰν ταύτην1this generation
1018MAT1116l7kmταῖς ἀγοραῖς1the marketplace

a large, open-air area where people buy and sell items

1019MAT1117wn370Connecting Statement:
1020MAT1117ai4efigs-parablesλέγουσιν ... καὶ οὐκ ἐκόψασθε1and say ... and you did not weep

Jesus uses a parable to describe the people who were alive at that time. He compares them to a group of children who are trying to get the other children to play with them. However, no matter way they do, the other children will not join them. Jesus means that it does not matter if God sends someone like John the Baptist, who lives in the desert and fasts, or someone like Jesus, who celebrates with sinners and does not fast. The people, most specifically the Pharisees and religious leaders, still remain stubborn and refuse to accept God's truth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

1021MAT1117d916figs-youηὐλήσαμεν‘ ὑμῖν1We played a flute for you
1022MAT1117j5jdκαὶ οὐκ ὠρχήσασθε1and you did not dance

but you did not dance to the happy music

1023MAT1117t723figs-explicitἐθρηνήσαμεν1We mourned

This means they sang sad songs like women did at funerals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1024MAT1117f87lκαὶ οὐκ ἐκόψασθε1and you did not weep

but you did not cry with us

1025MAT1118svc90Connecting Statement:

Jesus concludes talking to the crowds about John the Baptist.

1026MAT1118qe7yfigs-synecdocheμήτε ἐσθίων μήτε πίνων1not eating or drinking
1027MAT1118p4qlfigs-quotationsλέγουσιν, δαιμόνιον‘ ἔχει.1they say, 'He has a demon.'
1028MAT1118kd4qλέγουσιν1they say
1029MAT1119iwk8figs-123personἦλθεν ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1The Son of Man came
1030MAT1119gs6zἦλθεν ... ἐσθίων καὶ πίνων1came eating and drinking

This is the opposite of John's behavior. This means more than just consuming the normal amount of food and drink. It means Jesus celebrated and enjoyed good food and drink like other people did.

1031MAT1119x4ecfigs-quotationsλέγουσιν, ἰδοὺ‘, ἄνθρωπος, φάγος καὶ οἰνοπότης ... ἁμαρτωλῶν!1they say, 'Look, he is a gluttonous man and a drunkard ... sinners!'
1032MAT1119d6guἄνθρωπος, φάγος1he is a gluttonous man
1033MAT1119pv4nοἰνοπότης1a drunkard
1034MAT1119vwk4writing-proverbsκαὶ ἐδικαιώθη ἡ σοφία ἀπὸ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῆς1But wisdom is justified by her children

This is a proverb that Jesus applies to this situation, because the people who rejected both him and John were not being wise. Jesus and John the Baptist are the wise ones, and the results of their deeds prove it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])

1035MAT1119dz3cfigs-personificationἐδικαιώθη ἡ σοφία ἀπὸ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῆς1wisdom is justified by her children
1036MAT1120bwq80General Information:

Jesus begins to rebuke the people of the cities where he previously did miracles.

1037MAT1120w4g8figs-metonymyὀνειδίζειν τὰς πόλεις1to rebuke the cities
1038MAT1120fxs4πόλεις1cities

towns

1039MAT1120t51afigs-activepassiveἐν αἷς ἐγένοντο αἱ πλεῖσται δυνάμεις αὐτοῦ1in which most of his mighty deeds were done
1040MAT1120wh1gαἱ πλεῖσται δυνάμεις αὐτοῦ1mighty deeds
1041MAT1121xxb3figs-apostropheοὐαί σοι, Χοραζείν! οὐαί σοι, Βηθσαϊδάν!1Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida!

Jesus speaks as if the people of the cities of Chorazin and Bethsaida were there listening to him, but they were not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])

1042MAT1121tv81figs-youοὐαί σοι1Woe to you
1043MAT1121y9d3figs-metonymyΧοραζείν ... Βηθσαϊδάν ... Τύρῳ ... Σιδῶνι1Chorazin ... Bethsaida ... Tyre ... Sidon

The names of these cities are used as metonyms for the people living in these cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1044MAT1121lh46figs-hypoεἰ ... αἱ δυνάμεις ... ἂν ἐν σάκκῳ καὶ σποδῷ1If the mighty deeds ... in sackcloth and ashes

Jesus is describing a hypothetical situation that could have happened in the past, but it did not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])

1045MAT1121tm59figs-activepassiveεἰ ἐν Τύρῳ καὶ Σιδῶνι ἐγένοντο αἱ δυνάμεις αἱ γενόμεναι ἐν ὑμῖν1If the mighty deeds had been done in Tyre and Sidon which were done in you
1046MAT1121k3infigs-youαἱ γενόμεναι ἐν ὑμῖν1which were done in you
1047MAT1121bqi8πάλαι ... μετενόησαν1they would have repented long ago
1048MAT1121qx9mμετενόησαν1would have repented

would have shown they were sorry for their sins

1049MAT1122mr18figs-metonymyΤύρῳ καὶ Σιδῶνι ἀνεκτότερον ἔσται ἐν ἡμέρᾳ κρίσεως ἢ ὑμῖν1it will be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon at the day of judgment than for you
1050MAT1122ab14figs-youἢ ὑμῖν1than for you
1051MAT1123udw10Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to rebuke the people of the cities where he previously did miracles.

1052MAT1123vpz6figs-apostropheσύ, Καφαρναούμ1You, Capernaum
1053MAT1123h8avfigs-youσύ1You
1054MAT1123fj7dfigs-metonymyΚαφαρναούμ ... Σοδόμοις1Capernaum ... Sodom

The names of these cities refer to the people living in Capernaum and in Sodom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1055MAT1123aa7tfigs-rquestionμὴ ἕως οὐρανοῦ ὑψωθήσῃ?1you will not be exalted to heaven, will you?
1056MAT1123d54dfigs-activepassiveἕως ᾍδου καταβήσῃ1you will be brought down to Hades
1057MAT1123vk57figs-hypoὅτι εἰ ἐν Σοδόμοις ... ἔμεινεν ἂν μέχρι τῆς σήμερον1For if in Sodom ... it would have remained until today

Jesus is describing a hypothetical situation that could have happened in the past, but it did not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])

1058MAT1123z279figs-activepassiveεἰ ἐν Σοδόμοις ἐγενήθησαν αἱ δυνάμεις αἱ γενόμεναι ἐν σοί1if in Sodom there had been done the mighty deeds that were done in you
1059MAT1123e2t7δυνάμεις1mighty deeds
1060MAT1123yih1ἔμεινεν1it would have remained
1061MAT1124y1e3λέγω ὑμῖν1I say to you

This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next.

1062MAT1124e3pafigs-metonymyγῇ Σοδόμων ἀνεκτότερον ἔσται ἐν ἡμέρᾳ κρίσεως ἢ σοί1it shall be easier for the land of Sodom in the day of judgment than for you
1063MAT1124yk3zfigs-explicitἢ σοί1than for you
1064MAT1125f57a0General Information:

In verses 25 and 26, Jesus prays to his heavenly Father while still in the presence of the crowd. In verse 27, he begins to address the people again.

1065MAT1125h5x4guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΠάτερ1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

1066MAT1125u9cyfigs-merismΚύριε τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ τῆς γῆς1Lord of heaven and earth
1067MAT1125p1glἔκρυψας ταῦτα ... καὶ ἀπεκάλυψας αὐτὰ1you concealed these things ... and revealed them
1068MAT1125lk8fἔκρυψας ταῦτα ἀπὸ1you concealed these things from
1069MAT1125qw5cfigs-nominaladjἀπὸ σοφῶν καὶ συνετῶν1from the wise and understanding
1070MAT1125las9figs-ironyσοφῶν καὶ συνετῶν1the wise and understanding
1071MAT1125uwu5ἀπεκάλυψας αὐτὰ1revealed them
1072MAT1125b6w5figs-metaphorνηπίοις1to little children

Jesus compares ignorant people to little children. Jesus is emphasizing that many of those who believe him either are not well educated or do not think of themselves as wise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1073MAT1126qp7tfigs-metonymyὅτι οὕτως εὐδοκία ἐγένετο ἔμπροσθέν σου1for so it was well-pleasing in your sight
1074MAT1127yk5wfigs-activepassiveπάντα μοι παρεδόθη ὑπὸ τοῦ Πατρός μου1All things have been entrusted to me from my Father
1075MAT1127gd67πάντα1All things

Possible meanings are 1) God the Father has revealed everything about himself and his kingdom to Jesus or 2) God has given all authority to Jesus.

1076MAT1127j3vkguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Πατρός μου1my Father

This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

1077MAT1127s1asοὐδεὶς ἐπιγινώσκει τὸν Υἱὸν, εἰ μὴ ὁ Πατήρ1no one knows the Son except the Father

only the Father knows the Son

1078MAT1127rt5bοὐδεὶς ἐπιγινώσκει1no one knows
1079MAT1127esp4figs-123personτὸν Υἱὸν1the Son

Jesus was referring to himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

1080MAT1127l8xeguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτὸν Υἱὸν1the Son

This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

1081MAT1127w6yqοὐδὲ τὸν Πατέρα τις ἐπιγινώσκει, εἰ μὴ ὁ Υἱὸς1no one knows the Father except the Son

only the Son knows the Father

1082MAT1128q9x10Connecting Statement:

Jesus finishes speaking to the crowd.

1083MAT1128x978figs-youπάντες1all you
1084MAT1128t2jjfigs-metaphorοἱ κοπιῶντες καὶ πεφορτισμένοι1who labor and are heavy burdened
1085MAT1128f1w4κἀγὼ ἀναπαύσω ὑμᾶς1I will give you rest

I will allow you to rest from your labor and burden

1086MAT1129q1yafigs-metaphorἄρατε τὸν ζυγόν μου ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς1Take my yoke on you

Jesus continues the metaphor. Jesus is inviting the people to become his disciples and follow him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1087MAT1129t1rhfigs-doubletπραΰς εἰμι καὶ ταπεινὸς τῇ καρδίᾳ1I am meek and lowly in heart
1088MAT1129i3qsfigs-metonymyταπεινὸς τῇ καρδίᾳ1lowly in heart
1089MAT1129i3lsfigs-synecdocheεὑρήσετε ἀνάπαυσιν ταῖς ψυχαῖς ὑμῶν1you will find rest for your souls
1090MAT1130ynf1figs-parallelismὁ γὰρ ζυγός μου χρηστὸς καὶ τὸ φορτίον μου ἐλαφρόν ἐστιν1For my yoke is easy and my burden is light
1091MAT1130tc2gτὸ φορτίον μου ἐλαφρόν ἐστιν1my burden is light
1092MAT12introy7z60
1093MAT121u1f20General Information:

This is the beginning of a new part of the story where Matthew tells of growing opposition to Jesus' ministry. Here, the Pharisees criticize his disciples for picking grain on the Sabbath.

1094MAT121m2n1ἐν ἐκείνῳ τῷ καιρῷ1At that time
1095MAT121tvt9translate-unknownτῶν σπορίμων1the grainfields
1096MAT121yrf8τίλλειν στάχυας καὶ ἐσθίειν1to pluck heads of grain and eat them

Picking grain in others' fields and eating it was not considered stealing. The question was whether one could do this otherwise lawful activity on the Sabbath.

1097MAT121zz4rτίλλειν στάχυας καὶ ἐσθίειν1to pluck heads of grain and eat them
1098MAT121y5vrστάχυας1heads of grain

This is the topmost part of the wheat plant. It holds the mature grain or seeds of the plant.

1099MAT122swl7ποιοῦσιν ὃ οὐκ ἔξεστιν ποιεῖν ἐν Σαββάτῳ1do what is unlawful to do on the Sabbath

Picking grain in others' fields and eating it was not considered stealing. The question was whether one could do this otherwise lawful activity on the Sabbath.

1100MAT122mch7οἱ ... Φαρισαῖοι1the Pharisees
1101MAT122nh12ἰδοὺ, οἱ μαθηταί σου1See, your disciples
1102MAT123mzn10Connecting Statement:

Jesus responds to the Pharisees' criticism.

1103MAT123et11αὐτοῖς1to them

to the Pharisees

1104MAT123d712figs-rquestionοὐκ ἀνέγνωτε ... μετ’ αὐτοῦ?1Have you never read ... with him?
1105MAT124blm5τὸν οἶκον τοῦ Θεοῦ1the house of God
1106MAT124ue7lfigs-explicitτοὺς ἄρτους τῆς Προθέσεως1bread of the presence
1107MAT124c6a8τοῖς μετ’ αὐτοῦ1those who were with him

the men who were with David

1108MAT124lkx9εἰ μὴ τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν μόνοις1but only for the priests

but, according to the law, only the priest could eat it

1109MAT125tjh30Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to respond to the Pharisees.

1110MAT125f79qfigs-rquestionοὐκ ἀνέγνωτε ἐν τῷ νόμῳ, ὅτι ... ἀναίτιοί εἰσιν?1have you not read in the law that ... but are guiltless?
1111MAT125dqe9τὸ Σάββατον βεβηλοῦσιν1profane the Sabbath

do on the Sabbath what they would do on any other day

1112MAT125i6y9ἀναίτιοί εἰσιν1are guiltless
1113MAT126ji7aλέγω ... ὑμῖν1I say to you

This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next.

1114MAT126k4mnfigs-123personτοῦ ἱεροῦ μεῖζόν ἐστιν1one greater than the temple is
1115MAT127rh530General Information:

In verse 7, Jesus quotes the prophet Hosea to rebuke the Pharisees.

1116MAT127vye20Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to respond to the Pharisees.

1117MAT127ypj7figs-explicitεἰ δὲ ἐγνώκειτε τί ἐστιν, ἔλεος‘ θέλω καὶ οὐ θυσίαν’, οὐκ ἂν κατεδικάσατε τοὺς ἀναιτίους1If you had known what this meant, 'I desire mercy and not sacrifice,' you would not have condemned the guiltless
1118MAT127e1juἔλεος‘ θέλω καὶ οὐ θυσίαν1I desire mercy and not sacrifice

In the law of Moses, God did command the Israelites to offer sacrifices. This means God considers mercy more important than the sacrifices.

1119MAT127jw57θέλω1I desire
1120MAT127s23lfigs-nominaladjτοὺς ἀναιτίους1the guiltless
1121MAT128l7g3figs-123personὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1the Son of Man

Jesus is referring to himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

1122MAT128jx98Κύριος ... ἐστιν τοῦ Σαββάτου1is Lord of the Sabbath
1123MAT129i4890General Information:

Here the scene shifts to a later time when the Pharisees criticize Jesus for healing a man on the Sabbath.

1124MAT129hns8καὶ μεταβὰς ἐκεῖθεν1Then Jesus left from there
1125MAT129y4meτὴν συναγωγὴν αὐτῶν1their synagogue
1126MAT1210kjf6ἰδοὺ1Behold
1127MAT1210xb13ἄνθρωπος χεῖρα ἔχων ξηράν1a man who had a withered hand
1128MAT1210t948
1129MAT1210gdj6εἰ ἔξεστι τοῖς Σάββασιν θεραπεύειν?1Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath

According to the law of Moses, may a person heal another person on the Sabbath

1130MAT1210c1ccfigs-explicitἵνα κατηγορήσωσιν αὐτοῦ1so that they might accuse him of sinning

They did not just want to accuse Jesus in front of the people. The Pharisees wanted Jesus to give an answer that contradicted the law of Moses so they could take him before a judge and legally charge him with breaking the law. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1131MAT1211g98l0Connecting Statement:

Jesus responds to the Pharisees' criticism.

1132MAT1211ng4jfigs-rquestionτίς ἔσται ἐξ ὑμῶν ἄνθρωπος, ὃς ἕξει πρόβατον ἕν ... οὐχὶ κρατήσει αὐτὸ καὶ ἐγερεῖ?1What man would there be among you, who, if he had just one sheep ... would not grasp hold of it and lift it out?
1133MAT1212s2tuπόσῳ οὖν διαφέρει ἄνθρωπος προβάτου?1How much more valuable, then, is a man than a sheep!
1134MAT1212a9ldἔξεστιν τοῖς Σάββασιν καλῶς ποιεῖν1it is lawful to do good on the Sabbath

those who do good on the Sabbath are obeying the law

1135MAT1213be8ufigs-quotations
1136MAT1213ljl6τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ1to the man
1137MAT1213fm9rἔκτεινόν σου τὴν χεῖρα1Stretch out your hand
1138MAT1213s5epἐξέτεινεν1He stretched it out

The man stretched

1139MAT1213jry3figs-activepassiveἀπεκατεστάθη, ὑγιὴς1it was restored to health
1140MAT1214w4zlσυμβούλιον ἔλαβον κατ’ αὐτοῦ1plotted against him

planned to harm Jesus

1141MAT1214jdn2ὅπως αὐτὸν ἀπολέσωσιν1as to how they might put him to death

were discussing how they might kill Jesus

1142MAT1215d4lk0General Information:

This account explains how the actions of Jesus fulfilled one of the prophecies of Isaiah.

1143MAT1215d5l9ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς γνοὺς, ἀνεχώρησεν1As Jesus perceived this, he withdrew

Jesus was aware of what the Pharisees were planning, so he

1144MAT1215hw22ἀνεχώρησεν ἐκεῖθεν1he withdrew from there
1145MAT1216bk1nμὴ φανερὸν αὐτὸν ποιήσωσιν1they not make him known

not to tell anyone else about him

1146MAT1217dc7zἵνα πληρωθῇ τὸ ῥηθὲν1that it might come true, what had been said
1147MAT1217mcd7τὸ ῥηθὲν διὰ Ἠσαΐου τοῦ προφήτου λέγοντος1what had been said through Isaiah the prophet, saying
1148MAT1218zkt70Connecting Statement:

Here Matthew quotes the prophet Isaiah to show that Jesus' ministry fulfilled scripture.

1149MAT1218f5kzἰδοὺ1See
1150MAT1218fjw6μου ... ᾑρέτισα ... θήσω1my ... I have chosen ... I will put

All occurrences of these words refer to God. Isaiah is quoting what God said to him.

1151MAT1218yv4fὁ ἀγαπητός μου εἰς ὃν εὐδόκησεν ἡ ψυχή μου1my beloved one, in whom my soul is well pleased

he is my beloved one, and I am very pleased with him

1152MAT1218s6a4figs-synecdocheεἰς ὃν εὐδόκησεν ἡ ψυχή μου1in whom my soul is well pleased
1153MAT1218jh8pfigs-explicitκρίσιν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν ἀπαγγελεῖ1he will proclaim justice to the Gentiles
1154MAT1219me7p0Connecting Statement:

Matthew continues to quote the prophet Isaiah.

1155MAT1219hb2mfigs-metonymyοὐδὲ ἀκούσει τις ... τὴν φωνὴν αὐτοῦ1neither will anyone hear his voice
1156MAT1219gj1pοὐκ ἐρίσει ... αὐτοῦ1He will not strive ... his

All occurrences of these words refer to God's chosen servant.

1157MAT1219jr87figs-idiomἐν ταῖς πλατείαις1in the streets
1158MAT1220ii4cοὐ κατεάξει1He will not break
1159MAT1220cdk2figs-parallelismάλαμον συντετριμμένον οὐ κατεάξει, καὶ λίνον τυφόμενον οὐ σβέσει1He will not break a bruised reed; he will not quench a smoking flax
1160MAT1220m4uzκάλαμον συντετριμμένον1bruised reed

damaged plant

1161MAT1220y8mnλίνον τυφόμενον οὐ σβέσει1he will not quench a smoking flax
1162MAT1220bjg2λίνον τυφόμενον1a smoking flax

This refers to a lamp wick after the flame has gone out and when it is only smoking.

1163MAT1220rer7λίνον ... ἕως1flax, until
1164MAT1220b6twfigs-abstractnounsἂν ἐκβάλῃ εἰς νῖκος τὴν κρίσιν1he leads justice to victory
1165MAT1221w3rqfigs-synecdocheτῷ ὀνόματι αὐτοῦ1in his name
1166MAT1222nba20General Information:

Here the scene shifts to a later time when the Pharisees accuse Jesus of healing a man by the power of Satan.

1167MAT1222e1g4figs-activepassiveτότε προσηνέχθη αὐτῷ δαιμονιζόμενος, τυφλὸς καὶ κωφός1Then someone blind and mute, possessed by a demon, was brought to Jesus
1168MAT1222k2vtπροσηνέχθη ... τυφλὸς καὶ κωφός1someone blind and mute

someone who could not see and could not talk

1169MAT1223gy5zκαὶ ἐξίσταντο πάντες οἱ ὄχλοι1All the crowds were amazed

All the people who had seen Jesus heal the man were greatly surprised

1170MAT1223ink7ὁ υἱὸς Δαυείδ1the Son of David

This is a title for the Christ or Messiah.

1171MAT1223h8kfυἱὸς1Son
1172MAT1224m2jr0General Information:

In verse 25, Jesus begins to respond to the Pharisees' accusation that he healed the man by the power of Satan.

1173MAT1224wmi1ἀκούσαντες1heard of this

This refers to the miracle of the healing of a blind, deaf, and demon-possessed man.

1174MAT1224p1mifigs-doublenegativesοὗτος οὐκ ἐκβάλλει τὰ δαιμόνια, εἰ μὴ ἐν τῷ Βεελζεβοὺλ1This man does not cast out demons except by Beelzebul
1175MAT1224wj1yοὗτος1This man

The Pharisees avoid calling Jesus by name to show they reject him.

1176MAT1224cii4ἄρχοντι τῶν δαιμονίων1the prince of the demons

the chief of the demons

1177MAT1225i1sdwriting-proverbsπᾶσα βασιλεία μερισθεῖσα καθ’ ἑαυτῆς ἐρημοῦται, καὶ πᾶσα πόλις ἢ οἰκία μερισθεῖσα καθ’ ἑαυτῆς οὐ σταθήσεται1Every kingdom divided against itself is made desolate, and every city or house divided against itself will not stand

Jesus uses a proverb to respond to the Pharisees. Both of these statements mean the same thing. They emphasize that it would not make sense for Beelzebul to use his power to fight other demons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

1178MAT1225g9ecfigs-metonymyπᾶσα βασιλεία μερισθεῖσα καθ’ ἑαυτῆς ἐρημοῦται1Every kingdom divided against itself is made desolate
1179MAT1225kn8cfigs-metonymyπᾶσα πόλις ἢ οἰκία μερισθεῖσα καθ’ ἑαυτῆς οὐ σταθήσεται1every city or house divided against itself will not stand
1180MAT1226gm6j0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to respond to the Pharisees' accusation that he healed the man by the power of Satan.

1181MAT1226i42rfigs-metonymyκαὶ εἰ ὁ Σατανᾶς τὸν Σατανᾶν ἐκβάλλει1If Satan drives out Satan
1182MAT1226ah7tfigs-rquestionπῶς οὖν σταθήσεται ἡ βασιλεία αὐτοῦ?1How then will his kingdom stand?
1183MAT1227nvv9Βεελζεβοὺλ1Beelzebul
1184MAT1227gee9figs-rquestionοἱ υἱοὶ ὑμῶν ἐν τίνι ἐκβάλλουσιν?1by whom do your sons drive them out?
1185MAT1227x9jefigs-metaphorοἱ υἱοὶ ὑμῶν1your sons
1186MAT1227jja2διὰ τοῦτο, αὐτοὶ κριταὶ ἔσονται ὑμῶν1For this reason they will be your judges

Because your followers cast out demons by the power of God, they prove that you are wrong about me.

1187MAT1228f3n70Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to respond to the Pharisees.

1188MAT1228zb4dεἰ δὲ ... ἐγὼ1But if I
1189MAT1228r5dgfigs-metonymyἄρα ἔφθασεν ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ1then the kingdom of God has come upon you
1190MAT1228f1wjfigs-youἔφθασεν ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς1come upon you
1191MAT1229t4vufigs-parablesπῶς δύναταί τις εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν ... τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ διαρπάσει.1how can anyone enter into the house ... he will steal his belongings from his house

Jesus uses a parable to continue his response to the Pharisees. Jesus means he can drive out demons because he is more powerful than Satan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1192MAT1229w54cfigs-rquestionπῶς δύναταί τις εἰσελθεῖν ... ἐὰν μὴ πρῶτον δήσῃ τὸν ἰσχυρόν?1how can anyone enter ... without tying up the strong man first?
1193MAT1229jb6xἐὰν μὴ πρῶτον δήσῃ τὸν ἰσχυρόν?1without tying up the strong man first

without taking control of the strong man first

1194MAT1229u6vuτότε τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ διαρπάσει1Then he will steal his belongings
1195MAT1230ivp9ὁ μὴ ὢν μετ’ ἐμοῦ1The one who is not with me
1196MAT1230gyk8κατ’ ἐμοῦ ἐστιν1is against me
1197MAT1230ek1hfigs-metaphorὁ μὴ συνάγων μετ’ ἐμοῦ σκορπίζει1the one who does not gather with me scatters

Jesus is using a metaphor that refers to a person either gathering the flock of sheep to a shepherd or making them scatter away from the shepherd. Jesus means that a person is either helping to make people become disciples of Jesus or he is making people reject Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1198MAT1231qwg40Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to respond to the Pharisees.

1199MAT1231iy8lλέγω ὑμῖν1I say to you

This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next.

1200MAT1231q5hkfigs-youλέγω ὑμῖν1I say to you
1201MAT1231hy38figs-activepassiveπᾶσα ἁμαρτία καὶ βλασφημία ἀφεθήσεται τοῖς ἀνθρώποις1every sin and blasphemy will be forgiven men
1202MAT1231ezx8figs-activepassiveἡ ... τοῦ Πνεύματος, βλασφημία οὐκ ἀφεθήσεται1the blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven
1203MAT1232gwx2figs-metonymyκαὶ ὃς ἐὰν εἴπῃ λόγον κατὰ τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1Whoever speaks a word against the Son of Man
1204MAT1232h79zfigs-123personτοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1the Son of Man

Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

1205MAT1232z3mafigs-activepassiveἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ1that will be forgiven him
1206MAT1232hfs4οὐκ ἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ1that will not be forgiven him
1207MAT1232lw5jfigs-metonymyοὔτε ἐν τούτῳ τῷ αἰῶνι οὔτε ἐν τῷ μέλλοντι1neither in this age, nor in the one that is coming
1208MAT1233d73d0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to respond to the Pharisees.

1209MAT1233bi8zἢ ποιήσατε τὸ δένδρον καλὸν καὶ τὸν καρπὸν αὐτοῦ καλόν, ἢ ποιήσατε τὸ δένδρον σαπρὸν καὶ τὸν καρπὸν αὐτοῦ σαπρόν1Either make a tree good and its fruit good, or make the tree bad and its fruit bad
1210MAT1233kl16καλὸν ... σαπρὸν1good ... bad

healthy ... diseased

1211MAT1233kz12figs-activepassiveἐκ γὰρ τοῦ καρποῦ, τὸ δένδρον γινώσκεται1for the tree is recognized by its fruit
1212MAT1234r1uvfigs-metaphorγεννήματα ἐχιδνῶν1You offspring of vipers
1213MAT1234pl4gfigs-youγεννήματα ... λαλεῖν ... ὄντες1You offspring ... you say ... you are

These are plural and refer to the Pharisees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

1214MAT1234e7x3figs-rquestionπῶς δύνασθε ἀγαθὰ λαλεῖν1how can you say good things?
1215MAT1234e9bgfigs-metonymyἐκ ... τοῦ περισσεύματος τῆς καρδίας, τὸ στόμα λαλεῖ1out of the abundance of the heart his mouth speaks
1216MAT1235r3uwfigs-metaphorὁ ἀγαθὸς ἄνθρωπος ἐκ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ θησαυροῦ ἐκβάλλει ἀγαθά; καὶ ὁ πονηρὸς ἄνθρωπος ἐκ τοῦ πονηροῦ θησαυροῦ ἐκβάλλει πονηρά1The good man from the good treasure of his heart produces good things, and the evil man from the evil treasure of his heart produces evil things
1217MAT1236jvg60Connecting Statement:

Jesus concludes his response to the Pharisees' accusation that he healed the man by the power of Satan.

1218MAT1236era6λέγω ... ὑμῖν1I say to you

This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next.

1219MAT1236t2pjοἱ ἄνθρωποι, ἀποδώσουσιν περὶ1people will give an account of
1220MAT1236f1whfigs-metonymyπᾶν ῥῆμα ἀργὸν ὃ λαλήσουσιν1every idle word they will speak
1221MAT1237qw5efigs-activepassiveδικαιωθήσῃ ... καταδικασθήσῃ1you will be justified ... you will be condemned
1222MAT1238x4le0General Information:

In verse 39, Jesus begins to rebuke the scribes and Pharisees.

1223MAT1238mec30Connecting Statement:

The dialogue in these verses happens immediately after Jesus responded to the Pharisees' accusation that he healed a man by the power of Satan.

1224MAT1238aiu6θέλομεν1we wish

we want

1225MAT1238ikg2figs-explicitἀπὸ σοῦ σημεῖον ἰδεῖν1to see a sign from you
1226MAT1239d8b9figs-123personγενεὰ πονηρὰ καὶ μοιχαλὶς σημεῖον ἐπιζητεῖ ... δοθήσεται αὐτῇ1An evil and adulterous generation seeks for a sign ... given to it
1227MAT1239a5difigs-metaphorγενεὰ ... μοιχαλὶς1adulterous generation
1228MAT1239c6hyfigs-activepassiveσημεῖον οὐ δοθήσεται αὐτῇ1no sign will be given to it
1229MAT1239j21pεἰ μὴ τὸ σημεῖον Ἰωνᾶ τοῦ προφήτου1except the sign of Jonah the prophet

except the same sign God gave to Jonah the prophet

1230MAT1240vh9ifigs-merismτρεῖς ἡμέρας καὶ τρεῖς νύκτας1three days and three nights
1231MAT1240iuv8figs-123personὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1the Son of Man

Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

1232MAT1240gg65figs-idiomἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ τῆς γῆς1in the heart of the earth

This means inside a physical grave. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

1233MAT1241k3q60Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to rebuke the scribes and Pharisees.

1234MAT1241gnh1ἄνδρες Νινευεῖται1The men of Nineveh

The citizens of Nineveh

1235MAT1241b94iἐν τῇ κρίσει1at the judgment
1236MAT1241x8gmτῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης1this generation

This refers to the people living during the time Jesus was preaching.

1237MAT1241duz2figs-metonymyκαὶ κατακρινοῦσιν αὐτήν1and will condemn it
1238MAT1241qg29καὶ ἰδοὺ1and see
1239MAT1241dbs3πλεῖον1someone greater

someone more important

1240MAT1241zb6afigs-123personπλεῖον1someone greater

Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

1241MAT1241a5p8figs-explicitἸωνᾶ ὧδε1than Jonah is here
1242MAT1242q8tb0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to rebuke the scribes and Pharisees.

1243MAT1242zwv7translate-namesβασίλισσα νότου1Queen of the South

This refers to the Queen of Sheba. Sheba is a land south of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1244MAT1242kku7ἐγερθήσεται ἐν τῇ κρίσει1will rise up at the judgment

will stand up at the judgment

1245MAT1242z46eἐν τῇ κρίσει1at the judgment
1246MAT1242zc72τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης1this generation

This refers to the people living during the time Jesus was preaching.

1247MAT1242k4lsfigs-metonymyκαὶ κατακρινεῖ αὐτήν1and condemn them
1248MAT1242q8q8figs-idiomἦλθεν ἐκ τῶν περάτων τῆς γῆς1She came from the ends of the earth
1249MAT1242t521writing-connectingwordsἦλθεν ἐκ τῶν περάτων τῆς γῆς ἀκοῦσαι τὴν σοφίαν Σολομῶνος1She came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon
1250MAT1242n99zκαὶ ἰδοὺ1and see
1251MAT1242aj1xπλεῖον1someone greater

someone more important

1252MAT1242uf5kfigs-123personπλεῖον1someone greater

Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

1253MAT1242yra5figs-explicitΣολομῶνος ὧδε1than Solomon is here
1254MAT1243ve5x0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to rebuke the scribes and Pharisees. He begins to tell a parable.

1255MAT1243f5jrἀνύδρων τόπων1waterless places
1256MAT1243x2urοὐχ εὑρίσκει1does not find it
1257MAT1244gey7τότε λέγει, εἰς‘ τὸν οἶκόν μου ἐπιστρέψω ὅθεν ἐξῆλθον.1Then it says, 'I will return to my house from which I came.'
1258MAT1244ty9bfigs-metaphorεἰς‘ τὸν οἶκόν μου ... ὅθεν ἐξῆλθον1to my house from which I came
1259MAT1244cd4ffigs-activepassiveεὑρίσκει σχολάζοντα σεσαρωμένον καὶ κεκοσμημένον1it finds it empty and swept out and put in order
1260MAT1244s6jffigs-metaphorσχολάζοντα σεσαρωμένον καὶ κεκοσμημένον1empty and swept out and put in order
1261MAT1245nh6q0Connecting Statement:
1262MAT1245bhb4figs-parablesτότε πορεύεται ... καὶ τῇ γενεᾷ ταύτῃ τῇ πονηρᾷ1Then it goes ... with this evil generation also

Jesus tells a parable to warn the people of the danger of not believing him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1263MAT1245jw1hοὕτως ἔσται καὶ τῇ γενεᾷ ταύτῃ τῇ πονηρᾷ1It will be just like that with this evil generation also

This means that if the people of Jesus' generation do not believe him and become his disciples, they will be in a worse situation than they were before he came.

1264MAT1246qj8w0General Information:

The arrival of Jesus' mother and brothers becomes an opportunity for him to describe his spiritual family.

1265MAT1246ahx7ἰδοὺ1behold
1266MAT1246mh5fἡ μήτηρ1his mother

This is Mary, Jesus' human mother.

1267MAT1246dq8mοἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ1his brothers
1268MAT1246z97jζητοῦντες ... λαλῆσαι1seeking to speak

wanting to speak

1269MAT1247qd32figs-quotations
1270MAT1248q1cd0Connecting Statement:

This is the end of the part of the story that began in Matthew 12:1, where Matthew tells of growing opposition to Jesus' ministry.

1271MAT1248jm1yfigs-ellipsisτῷ λέγοντι αὐτῷ1the one who told him
1272MAT1248e535figs-rquestionτίς ἐστιν ἡ μήτηρ μου καὶ τίνες εἰσὶν οἱ ἀδελφοί μου?1Who is my mother and who are my brothers?
1273MAT1249gk62ἰδοὺ1See
1274MAT1249rxe8figs-metaphorἡ μήτηρ μου καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοί μου1here are my mother and my brothers

This is a metaphor that means Jesus' disciples belong to Jesus' spiritual family. This is more important than belonging to his physical family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1275MAT1250e25cὅστις ... ἂν ποιήσῃ1whoever does

anyone who does

1276MAT1250mq9rguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Πατρός1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

1277MAT1250gn31figs-metaphorαὐτός μου ἀδελφὸς, καὶ ἀδελφὴ, καὶ μήτηρ ἐστίν1that person is my brother, and sister, and mother

This is a metaphor meaning that those who obey God belong to Jesus' spiritual family. This is more important than belonging to his physical family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1278MAT13intros3lu0
1279MAT131r4xv0General Information:

This is the beginning of a new part of the story where Jesus begins to teach the crowds, using parables, about the kingdom of heaven.

1280MAT131vx5yἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ1On that day

These events happened on the same day as those in the previous chapter.

1281MAT131cy1tἐξελθὼν ... τῆς οἰκίας1went out of the house

It is not mentioned at whose house Jesus was staying.

1282MAT131zjb3figs-explicitἐκάθητο παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν1sat beside the sea

It is implied that he sat down to teach the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1283MAT132d16zfigs-explicitὥστε αὐτὸν εἰς πλοῖον ἐμβάντα1so he got into a boat

It is implied that Jesus got into a boat because it would make it easier to teach the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1284MAT132jge7translate-unknownπλοῖον1a boat

This was probably an open, wooden fishing boat with a sail. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

1285MAT133e99p0Connecting Statement:

Jesus describes the kingdom of heaven by telling a parable about a person who sows seeds.

1286MAT133f5mvκαὶ ἐλάλησεν αὐτοῖς πολλὰ ἐν παραβολαῖς1Then he spoke many things to them in parables

Jesus told them many things in parables

1287MAT133w5p3αὐτοῖς1to them

to the people in the crowd

1288MAT133m97rἰδοὺ1Behold
1289MAT133ur64ἐξῆλθεν ὁ σπείρων τοῦ σπείρειν1a farmer went out to sow seed

a farmer went out to scatter seeds in a field

1290MAT134c6g6καὶ ἐν τῷ σπείρειν αὐτὸν1As he sowed

As the farmer scattered the seed

1291MAT134v7r8παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν1beside the road
1292MAT134qr2dκατέφαγεν αὐτά1devoured them

ate all the seeds

1293MAT135l2g6τὰ πετρώδη1the rocky ground

This is ground full of rocks with just a thin layer of soil on top of the rocks.

1294MAT135ql87καὶ εὐθέως ἐξανέτειλεν1Immediately they sprang up

The seeds quickly sprouted and grew

1295MAT136qq5xfigs-activepassiveἐκαυματίσθη1they were scorched
1296MAT136az8lἐξηράνθη1they withered away

the plants became dry and died

1297MAT137dnm80Connecting Statement:

Jesus finishes telling a parable about a person who sows seeds.

1298MAT137ugc9ἔπεσεν ἐπὶ τὰς ἀκάνθας1fell among the thorn plants

fell where plants with thorns grew

1299MAT137vt8zἀπέπνιξαν αὐτά1choked them
1300MAT138iwv2ἐδίδου καρπόν1produced a crop
1301MAT138e91efigs-ellipsisὃ μὲν ἑκατὸν, ὃ δὲ ἑξήκοντα, ὃ δὲ τριάκοντα1some one hundred times as much, some sixty, and some thirty
1302MAT138ph2ptranslate-numbersἑκατὸν ... ἑξήκοντα ... τριάκοντα1one hundred ... sixty ... thirty
1303MAT139q2e2figs-metonymyὁ ἔχων ὦτα, ἀκουέτω1He who has ears, let him hear
1304MAT139gkv1figs-123personὁ ἔχων ὦτα, ἀκουέτω1He who has ears, let him hear
1305MAT1310p8yc0General Information:

Jesus explains to his disciples why he teaches with parables.

1306MAT1311fc5nfigs-activepassiveὑμῖν δέδοται γνῶναι τὰ μυστήρια τῆς Βασιλείας τῶν Οὐρανῶν, ἐκείνοις δὲ οὐ δέδοται1To you has been given to understand the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but to them it has not been given
1307MAT1311rcd3figs-youὑμῖν δέδοται γνῶναι1To you has been given to understand
1308MAT1311ah6ufigs-metonymyτὰ μυστήρια τῆς Βασιλείας τῶν Οὐρανῶν1the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven
1309MAT1312j3rlὅστις ... ἔχει1whoever has
1310MAT1312v61yfigs-activepassiveδοθήσεται1will be given more
1311MAT1312xsr5ὅστις ... οὐκ ἔχει1whoever does not have
1312MAT1312bl5sfigs-activepassiveκαὶ ὃ ἔχει ἀρθήσεται ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ1even what he has will be taken away from him
1313MAT1313wc3u0General Information:

In verse 14, Jesus quotes the prophet Isaiah to show that the people's failure to understand Jesus' teaching is a fulfillment of prophecy.

1314MAT1313hm4t0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to explain to his disciples why he teaches in parables.

1315MAT1313v6pbαὐτοῖς ... βλέπουσιν1to them ... they see
1316MAT1313uk7jfigs-parallelism1Though they are seeing, they do not see; and though they are hearing, they do not hear, or understand.

Jesus uses this parallelism to tell and emphasize to the disciples that the crowd refuses to understand God's truth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

1317MAT1313ae8kβλέποντες1Though they are seeing
1318MAT1313nbi3figs-metaphorοὐ βλέπουσιν1they do not see
1319MAT1313j4bgἀκούοντες1though they are hearing
1320MAT1313gq65figs-metaphorοὐκ ἀκούουσιν1they do not hear
1321MAT1314jz9nκαὶ ἀναπληροῦται αὐτοῖς ἡ προφητεία Ἠσαΐου ἡ λέγουσα1To them the prophecy of Isaiah is fulfilled, that which says
1322MAT1314z2esfigs-parallelismἀκοῇ‘ ἀκούσετε καὶ οὐ μὴ συνῆτε; καὶ βλέποντες βλέψετε καὶ οὐ μὴ ἴδητε1You will indeed hear, but you will certainly not understand; you will indeed see, but you will certainly not perceive.

This begins a quote from the prophet Isaiah about the unbelieving people of Isaiah's day. Jesus uses this quote to describe the very crowd that was listening to him. These statements are again parallel and emphasize that the people refused to understand God's truth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

1323MAT1314a1imfigs-explicitἀκοῇ‘ ἀκούσετε καὶ οὐ μὴ συνῆτε1You will indeed hear, but you will certainly not understand
1324MAT1314emu1figs-explicitβλέποντες βλέψετε καὶ οὐ μὴ ἴδητε1you will indeed see, but you will certainly not perceive
1325MAT1315e8r50Connecting Statement:

Jesus finishes quoting the prophet Isaiah.

1326MAT1315lu8ufigs-metaphorἐπαχύνθη γὰρ ἡ καρδία τοῦ λαοῦ τούτου ... ἰάσομαι αὐτούς1For this people's heart has become dull ... I would heal them

In 13:15 God describes the people of Israel as if they have physical diseases that cause them to be unable to learn, to see, and to hear. God wants them to come to him so he will heal them. This is all a metaphor describing the people's spiritual condition. It means the people are stubborn and refuse to receive and understand God's truth. If they would, then they would repent and God would forgive them and welcome them back as his people. If the meaning is clear, keep the metaphor in your translation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1327MAT1315fy7mfigs-metonymyἐπαχύνθη γὰρ ἡ καρδία τοῦ λαοῦ τούτου1this people's heart has become dull
1328MAT1315q87mfigs-metonymyτοῖς ὠσὶν βαρέως ἤκουσαν1they are hard of hearing
1329MAT1315y7t7figs-metonymyτοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτῶν ἐκάμμυσαν1they have closed their eyes
1330MAT1315fl93μήποτε ἴδωσιν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς, καὶ τοῖς ὠσὶν ἀκούσωσιν, καὶ τῇ καρδίᾳ συνῶσιν, καὶ ἐπιστρέψωσιν1so they should not see with their eyes, or hear with their ears, or understand with their hearts, so they would turn again

so that they are not able to see with their eyes, hear with their ears, or understand with their heart, and as a result turn again

1331MAT1315sr25figs-metonymyτῇ καρδίᾳ συνῶσιν1understand with their hearts
1332MAT1315ps56ἐπιστρέψωσιν1they would turn again
1333MAT1315q1h9figs-metaphorἰάσομαι αὐτούς1I would heal them
1334MAT1316dc9t0Connecting Statement:

Jesus finishes explaining to his disciples why he teaches with parables.

1335MAT1316yhe4figs-parallelismὑμῶν δὲ μακάριοι οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ ὅτι βλέπουσιν, καὶ τὰ ὦτα ὑμῶν ὅτι ἀκούουσιν1But blessed are your eyes, for they see; and your ears, for they hear

Both of these statements mean the same thing. Jesus is emphasizing that they have pleased God because they have believed what Jesus has said and done. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

1336MAT1316glp8figs-synecdocheὑμῶν δὲ μακάριοι οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ ὅτι βλέπουσιν1But blessed are your eyes, for they see
1337MAT1316rlt3figs-youὑμῶν ... ὑμῶν1your ... your

All occurrences of these words are plural and refer to the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

1338MAT1316jp32figs-synecdocheτὰ ὦτα ὑμῶν ὅτι ἀκούουσιν1your ears, for they hear
1339MAT1317mg58ἀμὴν, γὰρ λέγω ὑμῖν1For truly I say to you
1340MAT1317bsj7figs-youὑμῖν1you

All occurrences of this word are plural and refer to the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

1341MAT1317e6cifigs-explicitἃ βλέπετε1the things that you see
1342MAT1317q14wfigs-explicitἃ ἀκούετε1the things that you hear
1343MAT1318w35t0Connecting Statement:

Here Jesus begins to explain to his disciples the parable about a person who sows seeds, which he began in Matthew 13:3.

1344MAT1319v2d7τὸν λόγον τῆς βασιλείας1the word of the kingdom

the message about God's rule as king

1345MAT1319a8nufigs-metaphorἔρχεται ὁ πονηρὸς καὶ ἁρπάζει τὸ ἐσπαρμένον ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ1the evil one comes and snatches away what has been sown in his heart
1346MAT1319sb7ufigs-explicitὁ πονηρὸς1the evil one

This refers to Satan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1347MAT1319pt4dἁρπάζει1snatches away

Try to use a word that means to grab something away from someone who is the rightful owner.

1348MAT1319r9u6figs-activepassiveτὸ ἐσπαρμένον ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ1what has been sown in his heart
1349MAT1319xi8ffigs-metonymyἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ1in his heart
1350MAT1319wfd3οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ παρὰ τὴν ὁδὸν σπαρείς1This is the seed that was sown beside the road
1351MAT1319xgz5παρὰ τὴν ὁδὸν1beside the road

See how you translated this in Matthew 13:4.

1352MAT1320q3fp0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to explain to his disciples the parable about a person who sows seeds.

1353MAT1320l5ivfigs-explicitὁ δὲ ἐπὶ τὰ πετρώδη σπαρείς1That which was sown on rocky ground
1354MAT1320w4f9ὁ δὲ ἐπὶ τὰ πετρώδη σπαρείς, οὗτός ἐστιν1That which was sown on rocky ground, this is
1355MAT1320e3hmὁ τὸν λόγον ἀκούων1the person who hears the word

In the parable, the seed represents the word.

1356MAT1320cl6gfigs-metonymyτὸν λόγον1the word
1357MAT1320z76ffigs-metaphorμετὰ χαρᾶς λαμβάνων αὐτόν1receives it with joy
1358MAT1321zg9qfigs-metaphorοὐκ ἔχει δὲ ῥίζαν ἐν ἑαυτῷ, ἀλλὰ πρόσκαιρός ἐστιν1But he has no root in himself, so he only endures a short time
1359MAT1321lim9figs-metaphorεὐθὺς σκανδαλίζεται1he soon falls away
1360MAT1322sis70Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to explain to his disciples the parable about a person who sows seeds.

1361MAT1322d4h5figs-explicitὁ ... σπαρείς1That which was sown
1362MAT1322rcj8ὁ δὲ εἰς τὰς ἀκάνθας σπαρείς1That which was sown among the thorn plants

The ground with the thorn plants where seed was sown

1363MAT1322anm5οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ1this is the person

this represents the person

1364MAT1322a3u1τὸν λόγον1the word
1365MAT1322q2nhfigs-metaphorἡ μέριμνα τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου καὶ ἡ ἀπάτη τοῦ πλούτου συνπνίγει τὸν λόγον1the cares of this age and the deceitfulness of riches choke the word
1366MAT1322xa8rμέριμνα τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου1cares of this age

the things in this world that people worry about

1367MAT1322wwf5figs-personificationἡ ἀπάτη τοῦ πλούτου1the deceitfulness of riches
1368MAT1322gn6zfigs-metaphorἄκαρπος γίνεται1it becomes unfruitful
1369MAT1323xw4bὁ ... ἐπὶ τὴν καλὴν γῆν σπαρείς1That which was sown on the good soil

The good soil where seeds were sown

1370MAT1323ptb8figs-metaphorδὴ καρποφορεῖ καὶ ποιεῖ1He indeed bears fruit, some yielding
1371MAT1323wm3pfigs-ellipsisὃ μὲν ἑκατὸν, ὃ δὲ ἑξήκοντα, ὃ δὲ τριάκοντα1some yielding one hundred times as much as was planted, some sixty, and some thirty times as much
1372MAT1324l5yxfigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Here Jesus describes the kingdom of heaven by telling a parable about a field with both wheat and weeds growing in it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1373MAT1324k8pufigs-simileὡμοιώθη ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν, ἀνθρώπῳ1The kingdom of heaven is like a man

The translation should not equate the kingdom of heaven to a man, but rather the kingdom of heaven is like the situation described in the parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

1374MAT1324f8j5figs-metonymyὡμοιώθη ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1The kingdom of heaven is like
1375MAT1324u21kfigs-explicitκαλὸν σπέρμα1good seed
1376MAT1325zn8vἦλθεν αὐτοῦ ὁ ἐχθρὸς1his enemy came

his enemy came to the field

1377MAT1325q4tvζιζάνια1weeds
1378MAT1326lea1ὅτε δὲ ἐβλάστησεν ὁ χόρτος1When the blades sprouted
1379MAT1326jgv9καρπὸν ἐποίησεν1produced a crop
1380MAT1326tu4qτότε ἐφάνη καὶ τὰ ζιζάνια1then the weeds appeared also

then people could see there were weeds in the field also

1381MAT1327hz3q0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to tell a parable about a field with both wheat and weeds growing in it.

1382MAT1327h51xτοῦ οἰκοδεσπότου1the landowner

This is the same person who sowed good seed in his field.

1383MAT1327gr7dfigs-rquestionοὐχὶ καλὸν σπέρμα ἔσπειρας ἐν τῷ σῷ ἀγρῷ?1did you not sow good seed in your field?
1384MAT1327fb86figs-metonymyοὐχὶ ... ἔσπειρας1did you not sow
1385MAT1328r83zὁ δὲ ἔφη αὐτοῖς1He said to them

The landowner said to the servants

1386MAT1328num8θέλεις‘ οὖν ἀπελθόντες1So do you want us
1387MAT1329shs30Connecting Statement:

Jesus concludes the parable about a field with both wheat and weeds growing in it.

1388MAT1329c9jcὁ δέ φησιν1But he said

The landowner said to his servants

1389MAT1330z36afigs-quotations
1390MAT1330ll14τὴν ἀποθήκην1barn

a farm building that can be used for storing grain

1391MAT1331tdf4figs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus describes the kingdom of heaven by telling a parable about a very small seed that grows into a very big plant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1392MAT1331jw7ufigs-metonymyὁμοία ἐστὶν ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1The kingdom of heaven is like
1393MAT1331qby8translate-unknownκόκκῳ σινάπεως1mustard seed

a very small seed that grows into a large plant (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

1394MAT1332gyi1figs-explicitὃ μικρότερον μέν ἐστιν πάντων τῶν σπερμάτω1It is indeed the smallest of all seeds

Mustard seeds were the smallest seeds known to the original hearers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1395MAT1332x65dὅταν δὲ αὐξηθῇ1But when it has grown

But when the plant has grown

1396MAT1332um9kμεῖζον ... ἐστὶν1it is greater than

it is larger than

1397MAT1332g6v8γίνεται δένδρον1It becomes a tree

A mustard plant can grow about 2 to 4 meters tall.

1398MAT1332c9teτὰ‘ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ1birds of the air

birds

1399MAT1333a1thfigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus describes the kingdom of heaven by telling a parable about the effect that yeast has on flour. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1400MAT1333z94kfigs-simileὁμοία ἐστὶν ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν ζύμῃ1The kingdom of heaven is like yeast

The kingdom is not like the yeast, but the spread of the kingdom is like the spreading of the yeast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

1401MAT1333w8sbfigs-metonymyὁμοία ἐστὶν ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1The kingdom of heaven is like
1402MAT1333r88gtranslate-bvolumeἀλεύρου σάτα τρία1three measures of flour
1403MAT1333c35rfigs-explicitἕως οὗ ἐζυμώθη ὅλον1until all the dough had risen

The implied information is that the yeast and the three measures of flour were made into dough for baking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1404MAT1334f9gl0General Information:

Here the author quotes from the Psalms to show that Jesus' teaching in parables fulfilled prophecy.

1405MAT1334nt7ufigs-parallelismταῦτα πάντα ἐλάλησεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐν παραβολαῖς τοῖς ὄχλοις, καὶ χωρὶς παραβολῆς οὐδὲν ἐλάλει αὐτοῖς1All these things Jesus spoke to the crowds in parables; and he spoke nothing to them without a parable

Both sentences mean the same thing. They are combined to emphasize that Jesus taught the crowds only with parables. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

1406MAT1334n54eταῦτα πάντα1All these things

This refers to what Jesus taught beginning at Matthew 13:1.

1407MAT1334a5c7figs-doublenegativesχωρὶς παραβολῆς οὐδὲν ἐλάλει αὐτοῖς1he spoke nothing to them without a parable
1408MAT1335ybq5figs-activepassiveπληρωθῇ τὸ ῥηθὲν διὰ τοῦ προφήτου λέγοντος1what had been said through the prophet might come true, when he said
1409MAT1335p3tbλέγοντος1when he said

when the prophet said

1410MAT1335n1pafigs-idiomἀνοίξω ... τὸ στόμα μου1I will open my mouth
1411MAT1335yx6yfigs-activepassiveκεκρυμμένα1things that were hidden
1412MAT1335th8tἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου1from the foundation of the world
1413MAT1336pq2h0Connecting Statement:

Here the scene shifts to the house where Jesus and his disciples were staying. Jesus begins to explain to them the parable of the field that had both wheat and weeds, which he told beginning in Matthew 13:24.

1414MAT1336x5w7ἦλθεν εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν1went into the house
1415MAT1337aj8fὁ σπείρων τὸ καλὸν σπέρμα1He who sows the good seed
1416MAT1337xj4sfigs-123personὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1the Son of Man

Jesus is referring to himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

1417MAT1338h9izfigs-idiomοἱ υἱοὶ τῆς βασιλείας1the sons of the kingdom
1418MAT1338eni3figs-metonymyτῆς βασιλείας1of the kingdom
1419MAT1338edu7figs-idiomοἱ υἱοὶ τοῦ πονηροῦ1the sons of the evil one
1420MAT1339sgx2ὁ ... ἐχθρὸς, ὁ σπείρας αὐτά1the enemy who sowed them

the enemy who sowed the weeds

1421MAT1340ei3v0Connecting Statement:

Jesus finishes explaining to his disciples the parable of the field with both wheat and weeds.

1422MAT1340rn64figs-activepassiveὥσπερ οὖν συλλέγεται τὰ ζιζάνια καὶ πυρὶ κατακαίεται1Therefore, as the weeds are gathered up and burned with fire
1423MAT1341fiy4figs-123personἀποστελεῖ ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου τοὺς ἀγγέλους αὐτοῦ1The Son of Man will send out his angels
1424MAT1341ptw9τοὺς ποιοῦντας τὴν ἀνομίαν1those who commit iniquity
1425MAT1342d9mdfigs-metaphorτὴν κάμινον τοῦ πυρός1the furnace of fire
1426MAT1342zu3jtranslate-symactionὁ κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὁ βρυγμὸς τῶν ὀδόντων1weeping and grinding of teeth
1427MAT1343u6smfigs-simileἐκλάμψουσιν ὡς ὁ ἥλιος1shine like the sun
1428MAT1343sea2guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Πατρὸς1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

1429MAT1343zxh2figs-metonymyὁ ἔχων ὦτα, ἀκουέτω1He who has ears, let him hear
1430MAT1343sak5figs-123personὁ ... ἀκουέτω1He who ... let him
1431MAT1344n7nzfigs-simile0General Information:

In these two parables, Jesus uses two similes to teach his disciples what the kingdom of heaven is like. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

1432MAT1344fjm1figs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus describes the kingdom of heaven by telling two parables about people who sold their possessions to purchase something of great value. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1433MAT1344e9cvfigs-metonymyὁμοία ἐστὶν ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1The kingdom of heaven is like
1434MAT1344u9jqfigs-activepassiveὁμοία ἐστὶν ... θησαυρῷ κεκρυμμένῳ ἐν τῷ ἀγρῷ1like a treasure hidden in a field
1435MAT1344k9rhθησαυρῷ1a treasure

a very valuable and precious thing or collection of things

1436MAT1344hu7fἔκρυψεν1hid it

covered it up

1437MAT1344jtv2figs-explicitπωλεῖ πάντα ὅσα ἔχει, καὶ ἀγοράζει τὸν ἀγρὸν ἐκεῖνον1sells everything that he possesses, and buys that field

The implied information is that the person buys the field to take possession of the hidden treasure. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1438MAT1345c633figs-simileὁμοία ... ἀνθρώπῳ ἐμπόρῳ ζητοῦντι καλοὺς μαργαρίτας1like a man who is a merchant looking for valuable pearls

The implied information is that the man was looking for valuable pearls that he could buy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1439MAT1345khy6ἀνθρώπῳ ἐμπόρῳ1a man who is a merchant

a trader or wholesale dealer who often obtains merchandise from distant places

1440MAT1345b88qtranslate-unknownκαλοὺς μαργαρίτας1valuable pearls
1441MAT1347vw24figs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus describes the kingdom of heaven by telling a parable about fishermen who use a large net to catch fish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1442MAT1347g79nfigs-simileὁμοία ἐστὶν ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν σαγήνῃ1the kingdom of heaven is like a net

The kingdom is not like the net, but the kingdom draws all kinds of people like a net catches all kinds of fish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

1443MAT1347rjm4figs-metonymyὁμοία ἐστὶν ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1the kingdom of heaven is like
1444MAT1347vrp4figs-activepassiveὁμοία ... σαγήνῃ βληθείσῃ εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν1like a net that was cast into the sea
1445MAT1347kbz2βληθείσῃ εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν1was cast into the sea

was thrown into the sea

1446MAT1347t9v6ἐκ παντὸς γένους συναγαγούσῃ1gathered fish of every kind

caught all kinds of fish

1447MAT1348kf47ἀναβιβάσαντες ἐπὶ τὸν αἰγιαλὸν1drew it up on the beach
1448MAT1348cnp7τὰ καλὰ1the good fish

the good ones

1449MAT1348qi2zτὰ ... σαπρὰ1the worthless things
1450MAT1348aqu2ἔβαλον1threw away

did not keep

1451MAT1349nql60Connecting Statement:

Jesus explains the parable about fishermen who use a large net to catch fish.

1452MAT1349q1msἐξελεύσονται1will come
1453MAT1349ah2kfigs-nominaladjτοὺς πονηροὺς ἐκ μέσου τῶν δικαίων1the wicked from among the righteous
1454MAT1350hwv1βαλοῦσιν αὐτοὺς1They will throw them

The angels will throw the wicked people

1455MAT1350j8nffigs-metaphorτὴν κάμινον τοῦ πυρός1furnace of fire
1456MAT1350mc8ttranslate-symactionὁ κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὁ βρυγμὸς τῶν ὀδόντων1weeping and grinding of teeth
1457MAT1351d3wg0Connecting Statement:

Jesus describes the kingdom of heaven by telling a parable about a person who manages a household. This is the end of the part of the story about Jesus teaching the crowds about the kingdom of heaven through using parables.

1458MAT1351p5ejfigs-quotations
1459MAT1352g4ddfigs-metonymyμαθητευθεὶς τῇ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1who has become a disciple to the kingdom of heaven
1460MAT1352gr36figs-parablesὅμοιός ἐστιν ἀνθρώπῳ οἰκοδεσπότῃ, ὅστις ἐκβάλλει ἐκ τοῦ θησαυροῦ αὐτοῦ καινὰ καὶ παλαιά1is like a man who is the owner of a house, who draws out old and new things from his treasure

Jesus speaks another parable. He compares scribes, who know very well the scriptures that Moses and the prophets wrote, and who also now accept Jesus' teachings, to a house owner who uses both old and new treasures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1461MAT1352g59cτοῦ θησαυροῦαὐτῦ1treasure
1462MAT1353jwv2καὶ ἐγένετο ὅτε1Then it came about that when
1463MAT1354qnh90General Information:

This is the beginning of a new part of the story that runs through Matthew 17:27, where Matthew tells of continued opposition to Jesus' ministry and teaching about the kingdom of heaven. Here, the people of Jesus' home town reject him.

1464MAT1354q3mlfigs-explicitτὴν πατρίδα αὐτοῦ1his own region
1465MAT1354j6vbἐν τῇ συναγωγῇ αὐτῶν1in their synagogue
1466MAT1354it1fἐκπλήσσεσθαι αὐτοὺς1they were astonished

they were amazed

1467MAT1354b3d2figs-explicitπόθεν τούτῳ ἡ σοφία αὕτη καὶ αἱ δυνάμεις?1Where does this man get this wisdom and these miraculous powers?
1468MAT1355rk5efigs-rquestionοὐχ οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ τοῦ τέκτονος υἱός? οὐχ ἡ μήτηρ αὐτοῦ λέγεται Μαριὰμ, καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ, Ἰάκωβος, καὶ Ἰωσὴφ, καὶ Σίμων, καὶ Ἰούδας?1Is not this man the son of the carpenter? Is not his mother called Mary? Are not his brothers James, Joseph, Simon, and Judas?
1469MAT1355rpj9ὁ τοῦ τέκτονος υἱός1the son of the carpenter
1470MAT1356m9pnfigs-rquestionαἱ ἀδελφαὶ αὐτοῦ οὐχὶ πᾶσαι πρὸς ἡμᾶς εἰσιν?1Are not all his sisters with us?
1471MAT1356bnv1figs-rquestionπόθεν οὖν τούτῳ ταῦτα πάντα?1Where did he get all these things?
1472MAT1356pqf1ταῦτα πάντα1all these things

This refers to Jesus' wisdom and ability to do miracles.

1473MAT1357f5mdfigs-activepassiveἐσκανδαλίζοντο ἐν αὐτῷ1They were offended by him
1474MAT1357azn4figs-doublenegativesοὐκ ἔστιν προφήτης ἄτιμος1A prophet is not without honor
1475MAT1357sq8jτῇ πατρίδι1his own country
1476MAT1357w4x8ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ αὐτοῦ1in his own family

in his own home

1477MAT1358e2cpοὐκ ἐποίησεν ἐκεῖ δυνάμεις πολλὰς1He did not do many miracles there

Jesus did not do many miracles in his own hometown

1478MAT14introg5mc0

Matthew 14 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Verses 1 and 2 continue the account from chapter 13. Verses 3-12 stop the account and speak of things that happened earlier, possibly soon after Satan tempted Jesus (see Matthew 4:12). Verse 13 continues the account from verse 2. Be sure to have words in verses 3-12 that tell the reader that Matthew has stopped his account to give new information before he continues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

Possible translation difficulties in this chapter

Passive voice

Many sentences in this chapter tell that a person had something happen to him without saying who caused that something to happen. For example, the writer does not tell who brought John's head to Herodias's daughter (Matthew 14:11). You may have to translate the sentence so that it tells the reader who performed the action. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

1479MAT141zl7xfigs-events0General Information:

These verses explain Herod's reaction when he heard about Jesus. This event happens some time after the events that follow in the narrative. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]])

1480MAT141q8h5ἐν ἐκείνῳ τῷ καιρῷ1About that time
1481MAT141l9urἤκουσεν ... τὴν ἀκοὴν Ἰησοῦ1heard the news about Jesus
1482MAT142pd1bεἶπεν1He said

Herod said

1483MAT142nx7xἠγέρθη ἀπὸ τῶν νεκρῶν1has risen from the dead
1484MAT142vve7διὰ τοῦτο αἱ δυνάμεις ἐνεργοῦσιν ἐν αὐτῷ1Therefore these powers are at work in him

Some Jews at that time believed if a person came back from the dead he would have powers to do mighty things.

1485MAT143y57m0General Information:

Matthew recounts the story of John the Baptist's death in order to show why Herod reacted the way he did when he heard about Jesus.

1486MAT143zgp9figs-events0Connecting Statement:

Here the author begins to tell about how Herod had executed John the Baptist. These events occur some time before the event in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]])

1487MAT143h466figs-metonymyὁ γὰρ Ἡρῴδης κρατήσας τὸν Ἰωάννην, ἔδησεν αὐτὸν καὶ ἐν φυλακῇ ἀπέθετο1Herod had arrested John, bound him, and put him in prison
1488MAT143lr92translate-namesτὴν γυναῖκα Φιλίππου1Philip's wife

Philip was Herod's brother. Herod had taken Philip's wife to be his own wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1489MAT144d3gpfigs-eventsἔλεγεν γὰρ ... ὁ Ἰωάννης ... ἔχειν αὐτήν1For John has said ... to have her

If needed, you can present the events of 14:3-4 in the order that they happened, as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]])

1490MAT144n1t6figs-quotations
1491MAT144r8lhἔλεγεν γὰρ αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰωάννης1For John had said to him

For John had kept saying to Herod

1492MAT144nb2jfigs-explicitοὐκ ἔξεστίν1It is not lawful

Philip was still alive when Herod married Herodias. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1493MAT145hg9fἐφοβήθη1he feared

Herod feared

1494MAT145w7uvαὐτὸν εἶχον1they regarded him

they regarded John

1495MAT146fvs5figs-explicitἐν τῷ μέσῳ1in their midst
1496MAT148rhk5figs-activepassiveἡ δὲ προβιβασθεῖσα ὑπὸ τῆς μητρὸς αὐτῆς1After being instructed by her mother
1497MAT148wi8sἡ δὲ προβιβασθεῖσα1After being instructed
1498MAT148ya5zφησίν1she said

the daughter of Herodias said to Herod

1499MAT148ruy4πίνακι1a platter

a very large plate

1500MAT149s8zpfigs-activepassiveκαὶ ἐλυπήθη ὁ βασιλεὺς1The king was very upset
1501MAT149a1erὁ βασιλεὺς1The king

King Herod

1502MAT149j6nufigs-activepassiveἐκέλευσεν δοθῆναι1he ordered that it be granted to her
1503MAT1410nes50Connecting Statement:

This concludes the account of how Herod executed John the Baptist.

1504MAT1411nd5rfigs-activepassiveἠνέχθη ἡ κεφαλὴ αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ πίνακι, καὶ ἐδόθη τῷ κορασίῳ1his head was brought on a platter and given to the girl
1505MAT1411pba6πίνακι1a platter

a very large plate

1506MAT1411lqb6τῷ κορασίῳ1the girl

Use the word for a young, unmarried girl.

1507MAT1412fl47οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ1his disciples

the disciples of John

1508MAT1412ni1qτὸ πτῶμα1the corpse

the dead body

1509MAT1412mq89figs-explicitἐλθόντες, ἀπήγγειλαν τῷ Ἰησοῦ1they went and told Jesus
1510MAT1413id97writing-background0General Information:

These verses give background information about the miracle that Jesus is about to perform by feeding five thousand people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1511MAT1413ql1f0Connecting Statement:

These verses describe how Jesus reacted when he heard that Herod had executed John the Baptist.

1512MAT1413ds5wδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story.

1513MAT1413dvq4ἀκούσας1heard this
1514MAT1413ia39figs-explicitἀνεχώρησεν1he withdrew
1515MAT1413zlh8ἐκεῖθεν1from there

from that place

1516MAT1413i7uuκαὶ ἀκούσαντες, οἱ ὄχλοι1When the crowds heard of it
1517MAT1413u6nrοἱ ὄχλοι1the crowds
1518MAT1413ipm9figs-idiomπεζῇ1on foot

This means that the people in the crowd were walking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

1519MAT1414d8n3καὶ ἐξελθὼν, εἶδεν πολὺν ὄχλον1Then Jesus came before them and saw the large crowd

When Jesus came ashore, he saw a large crowd

1520MAT1415gcu90Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of Jesus feeding five thousand people with only five small loaves of bread and two small fish.

1521MAT1415xa7nπροσῆλθον αὐτῷ οἱ μαθηταὶ1the disciples came to him

Jesus' disciples came to him

1522MAT1416qwk1οὐ χρείαν ἔχουσιν1They have no need

The people in the crowd have no need

1523MAT1416r5gdfigs-youδότε αὐτοῖς ὑμεῖς1You give them something
1524MAT1417tm5tοἱ δὲ λέγουσιν αὐτῷ1They said to him

The disciples said to Jesus

1525MAT1417ih48πέντε ἄρτους1five loaves of bread

A loaf of bread is a lump of dough that is shaped and baked.

1526MAT1418szx6φέρετέ μοι ὧδε αὐτούς1Bring them here to me

Bring the loaves and fish to me

1527MAT1419yne50Connecting Statement:

This concludes the account of Jesus feeding five thousand people.

1528MAT1419vp7rἀνακλιθῆναι1to sit down
1529MAT1419u613figs-idiomλαβὼν1He took
1530MAT1419i34uκλάσας ... τοὺς ἄρτους1broke the loaves

tore the loaves

1531MAT1419bf1aτοὺς ἄρτους1the loaves
1532MAT1419t7eiἀναβλέψας1Looking up
1533MAT1420l2h8figs-activepassiveκαὶ ἐχορτάσθησαν1and were filled
1534MAT1420p73gἦραν1they took up
1535MAT1420czj4translate-numbersδώδεκα κοφίνους πλήρεις1twelve baskets full
1536MAT1421wv59οἱ δὲ ἐσθίοντες1Those who ate

Those who ate the bread and the fish

1537MAT1421als7translate-numbersἄνδρες ... πεντακισχίλιοι1five thousand men
1538MAT1422yp8l0General Information:

These verses give background information about the miracle that Jesus is about to perform of walking on water.

1539MAT1422eaa80Connecting Statement:

The following verses describe events that happened right after Jesus fed the five thousand people.

1540MAT1422wt1tκαὶ εὐθέως ἠνάγκασεν1Immediately he made

As soon as Jesus had finished feeding all the people, he

1541MAT1423d27uὀψίας δὲ γενομένης1When evening came
1542MAT1424vzd1βασανιζόμενον ὑπὸ τῶν κυμάτων1being tossed about by the waves

and the disciples could not control the boat because of the large waves

1543MAT1425pmw8τετάρτῃ δὲ φυλακῇ τῆς νυκτὸς1In the fourth watch of the night
1544MAT1425t1vpπεριπατῶν ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν1walking on the sea

walking on top of the water

1545MAT1426q9qsἐταράχθησαν1they were terrified

they were very afraid

1546MAT1426h7dfφάντασμά1a ghost

a spirit that has left the body of a person who has died

1547MAT1428w2plἀποκριθεὶς δὲ αὐτῷ, ὁ Πέτρος1Peter answered him

Peter answered Jesus

1548MAT1430sk3jfigs-idiomβλέπων ... τὸν ἄνεμον ἰσχυρὸν1when Peter saw the strong wind
1549MAT1431bd2vὀλιγόπιστε, εἰς τί1You of little faith, why
1550MAT1431cr9ifigs-rquestionεἰς τί ἐδίστασας1why did you doubt?
1551MAT1433u8puguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΘεοῦ Υἱὸς1Son of God

This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

1552MAT1434r5lm0Connecting Statement:

These verses describe what happened after Jesus walked on the water. They summarize how the people were responding to Jesus' ministry.

1553MAT1434cv3fκαὶ διαπεράσαντες1When they had crossed over

When Jesus and his disciples had crossed over the lake

1554MAT1434x9nutranslate-namesΓεννησαρέτ1Gennesaret

This is a small town on the northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1555MAT1435xd7cἀπέστειλαν1they sent messages

the men of that area sent messages

1556MAT1436ql3yκαὶ παρεκάλουν αὐτὸν1They begged him

The sick people begged him

1557MAT1436x8jvτοῦ ἱματίου αὐτοῦ1his garment
1558MAT1436mw8nfigs-activepassiveδιεσώθησαν1were healed
1559MAT15introi9a50
1560MAT151q6afwriting-newevent0General Information:

The scene shifts to events that occurred some time after events of the previous chapter. Here Jesus responds to the criticisms of the Pharisees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

1561MAT152j1b8figs-rquestionδιὰ τί οἱ μαθηταί σου παραβαίνουσιν τὴν παράδοσιν τῶν πρεσβυτέρων?1Why do your disciples violate the traditions of the elders?
1562MAT152yn6lτὴν παράδοσιν τῶν πρεσβυτέρων1the traditions of the elders

This is not the same as the law of Moses. This refers to later teachings and interpretations of the law given by religious leaders after Moses.

1563MAT152gfn6figs-explicitοὐ ... νίπτονται τὰς χεῖρας1they do not wash their hands
1564MAT153ia1efigs-rquestionδιὰ τί καὶ ὑμεῖς παραβαίνετε τὴν ἐντολὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ διὰ τὴν παράδοσιν ὑμῶν?1Then why do you violate the commandment of God for the sake of your traditions?
1565MAT154srz60General Information:

In verse 4, Jesus quotes twice from Exodus to show how God expects people to treat their parents.

1566MAT154cz1q0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to respond to the Pharisees.

1567MAT154qmm7θανάτῳ τελευτάτω1will surely die

the people will surely execute him

1568MAT155ql75figs-youὑμεῖς δὲ λέγετε1But you say
1569MAT156b81c0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to rebuke the Pharisees.

1570MAT156vr6yfigs-quotesinquotesοὐ μὴ τιμήσει τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ1he does not need to honor his father
1571MAT156q3ktfigs-explicitοὐ μὴ τιμήσει τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ1he does not need to honor his father
1572MAT156znt9ἠκυρώσατε τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ1you have made void the word of God
1573MAT156yq5aδιὰ τὴν παράδοσιν ὑμῶν1for the sake of your traditions

because you want to follow your traditions

1574MAT157t4fq0General Information:

In verses 8 and 9, Jesus quotes the prophet Isaiah to rebuke the Pharisees and scribes.

1575MAT157tn3b0Connecting Statement:

Jesus concludes his response to the Pharisees and scribes.

1576MAT157wv77καλῶς ἐπροφήτευσεν περὶ ὑμῶν Ἠσαΐας1Well did Isaiah prophesy about you

Isaiah told the truth in this prophecy about you

1577MAT157n4tifigs-explicitλέγων1saying
1578MAT158qw69figs-metonymyὁ‘ λαὸς οὗτος τοῖς χείλεσίν με τιμᾷ1This people honors me with their lips
1579MAT158bz91με1me

All occurrences of this word refer to God.

1580MAT158wuw3figs-metonymyἡ δὲ καρδία αὐτῶν πόρρω ἀπέχει ἀπ’ ἐμοῦ1but their heart is far from me
1581MAT159jf93μάτην δὲ σέβονταί με1They worship me in vain
1582MAT159vvb9ἐντάλματα ἀνθρώπων1the commandments of people

the rules that people make up

1583MAT1510ti4w0Connecting Statement:

Jesus begins to teach the crowd and his disciples about what defiles a person and why the Pharisees and scribes were wrong to criticize him.

1584MAT1511s28yfigs-metonymyεἰσερχόμενον εἰς τὸ στόμα ... ἐκπορευόμενον ἐκ τοῦ στόματος1enters into the mouth ... comes out of the mouth

Jesus is contrasting what a person eats to what a person says. Jesus means that God is concerned with what a person says rather than what a person eats. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1585MAT1512l2ujfigs-activepassiveοἱ Φαρισαῖοι ἀκούσαντες τὸν λόγον ἐσκανδαλίσθησαν1the Pharisees were offended when they heard this statement
1586MAT1513n5ijfigs-metaphorπᾶσα φυτεία ἣν οὐκ ἐφύτευσεν ὁ Πατήρ μου ὁ οὐράνιος ἐκριζωθήσεται1Every plant that my heavenly Father has not planted will be rooted up

This is a metaphor. Jesus means that the Pharisees do not actually belong to God, so God will remove them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1587MAT1513j49eguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesὁ Πατήρ μου ὁ οὐράνιος1my heavenly Father

This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

1588MAT1513hs4tfigs-activepassiveἐκριζωθήσεται1will be rooted up
1589MAT1514r167ἄφετε αὐτούς1Let them alone
1590MAT1514ai9xfigs-metaphorὁδηγοί εἰσιν τυφλοί ... ἀμφότεροι εἰς βόθυνον πεσοῦνται1they are blind guides ... both will fall into a pit

Jesus uses another metaphor to describe the Pharisees. Jesus means that the Pharisees do not understand God's commands or how to please him. Therefore, they cannot teach others how to please God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1591MAT1515cje40Connecting Statement:

Peter asks Jesus to explain the parable that Jesus told in Matthew 15:13-14.

1592MAT1515shg6ἡμῖν1to us

to us disciples

1593MAT1516xr780Connecting Statement:

Jesus explains the parable that he told in Matthew 15:13-14.

1594MAT1516al9zfigs-rquestionἀκμὴν καὶ ὑμεῖς ἀσύνετοί ἐστε?1Are you also still without understanding?
1595MAT1517l5ntfigs-rquestionοὔπω νοεῖτε ... εἰς ἀφεδρῶνα1Do you not yet see ... into the latrine?
1596MAT1517s833εἰς τὴν κοιλίαν χωρεῖ1passes into the stomach

goes into the stomach

1597MAT1517s9z6ἀφεδρῶνα1latrine

This a polite term for the place where people bury body waste.

1598MAT1518e7mu0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to explain the parable that he told in Matthew 15:13-14.

1599MAT1518ca1wfigs-metonymyτὰ ... ἐκπορευόμενα ἐκ τοῦ στόματος1the things that come out of the mouth
1600MAT1518x14kfigs-metonymyἐκ τῆς καρδίας1from the heart
1601MAT1519rg59φόνοι1murder

the act of killing innocent people

1602MAT1520bme7ἀνίπτοις χερσὶν φαγεῖν1to eat with unwashed hands
1603MAT1521e5gv0General Information:

This begins an account of Jesus healing the daughter of a Canaanite woman.

1604MAT1521t81ufigs-explicitἐξελθὼν ... ὁ Ἰησοῦς1Jesus went away
1605MAT1522x1wmἰδοὺ, γυνὴ Χαναναία ... ἐξελθοῦσα1Behold, a Canaanite woman came out
1606MAT1522jt94γυνὴ Χαναναία ἀπὸ τῶν ὁρίων ἐκείνων ἐξελθοῦσα1a Canaanite woman came out from that region
1607MAT1522f4k2figs-explicitἐλέησόν με1Have mercy on me
1608MAT1522xs64Υἱὸς Δαυείδ1Son of David
1609MAT1522j6rtfigs-activepassiveἡ θυγάτηρ μου κακῶς δαιμονίζεται1My daughter is severely demon-possessed
1610MAT1523hd2ifigs-metonymyοὐκ ἀπεκρίθη αὐτῇ λόγον1did not answer her a word
1611MAT1524t9gafigs-activepassiveοὐκ ἀπεστάλην1I was not sent to anyone
1612MAT1524u9t4figs-metaphorεἰς τὰ πρόβατα τὰ ἀπολωλότα οἴκου Ἰσραήλ1to the lost sheep of the house of Israel

This is a metaphor comparing the entire nation of Israel to sheep who have gone away from their shepherd. See how you translated this in Matthew 10:6. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1613MAT1525ch7cἡ ... ἐλθοῦσα1she came

the Canaanite woman came

1614MAT1525u3jjtranslate-symactionπροσεκύνει αὐτῷ1bowed down before him

This shows that the woman humbled herself before Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

1615MAT1526ihz4writing-proverbsοὐκ ἔστιν καλὸν λαβεῖν τὸν ἄρτον τῶν τέκνων καὶ βαλεῖν τοῖς κυναρίοις1It is not right to take the children's bread and throw it to the little dogs

Jesus responds to the woman with a proverb. The basic meaning is that it is not right to take what is supposed to belong to Jews and give it to non-Jews. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])

1616MAT1526a5bcfigs-synecdocheτὸν ἄρτον τῶν τέκνων1the children's bread
1617MAT1526fe7nτοῖς κυναρίοις1the little dogs

The Jews considered dogs to be unclean animals. Here they are used as an image for non-Jews.

1618MAT1527yvw1figs-metaphorκαὶ ... τὰ κυνάρια ἐσθίει ἀπὸ τῶν ψιχίων τῶν πιπτόντων ἀπὸ τῆς τραπέζης τῶν κυρίων αὐτῶν1even the little dogs eat some of the crumbs that fall from their masters' tables

The woman responds by using the same imagery as Jesus used in the proverb he just spoke. She means non-Jews should be able to have a small amount of the good things Jews are throwing away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1619MAT1527i5ttτὰ κυνάρια1the little dogs

Use words here for dogs of any size that people keep as pets. See how you translated this in Matthew 15:26.

1620MAT1528tea2figs-activepassiveγενηθήτω1let it be done
1621MAT1528n229figs-activepassiveἰάθη ἡ θυγάτηρ αὐτῆς1Her daughter was healed
1622MAT1528wwq3figs-idiomἀπὸ τῆς ὥρας ἐκείνης1from that hour
1623MAT1529np6ewriting-background0General Information:

These verses give background information about the miracle that Jesus is about to perform by feeding four thousand people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1624MAT1530c8tdχωλούς, τυφλούς, κυλλούς, κωφούς1lame, blind, crippled, and mute people

those who could not walk, those who could not see, those who could not talk, and those whose arms or legs did not function

1625MAT1530yf7iἔρριψαν αὐτοὺς παρὰ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ1They presented them at his feet
1626MAT1531pi52figs-activepassiveκυλλοὺς ὑγιεῖς1the crippled made well
1627MAT1531be52figs-nominaladjκυλλοὺς ... χωλοὺς ... τυφλοὺς1the crippled ... the lame ... the blind
1628MAT1532z28i0Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of Jesus feeding four thousand people with seven loaves of bread and a few small fish.

1629MAT1532efc2νήστεις ... μήποτε ἐκλυθῶσιν ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ1without eating, or they may faint on the way

without eating because they might faint on the way

1630MAT1533uhi3figs-rquestionπόθεν ἡμῖν ἐν ἐρημίᾳ, ἄρτοι τοσοῦτοι ὥστε χορτάσαι ὄχλον τοσοῦτον?1Where can we get enough loaves of bread in such a deserted place to satisfy so large a crowd?
1631MAT1534k86lfigs-ellipsisἑπτά, καὶ ὀλίγα ἰχθύδια1Seven, and a few small fish
1632MAT1535x13qἀναπεσεῖν ἐπὶ τὴν1to sit down on the ground

Use your language's word for how people customarily eat when there is no table, whether sitting or lying down.

1633MAT1536x7kcἔλαβεν τοὺς ἑπτὰ ἄρτους καὶ τοὺς ἰχθύας1He took the seven loaves and the fish

Jesus held the seven loaves and the fish in his hands

1634MAT1536dcr4ἔκλασεν1he broke the loaves

he tore the loaves

1635MAT1536a9s4ἐδίδου1gave them

gave the bread and the fish

1636MAT1537fc8gἦραν1they gathered up
1637MAT1538udk7οἱ ... ἐσθίοντες1Those who ate

The people who ate

1638MAT1538z66mtranslate-numbersτετρακισχίλιοι ἄνδρες1four thousand men
1639MAT1539be43τὰ ὅρια1the region

the area

1640MAT1539m8dptranslate-namesΜαγαδάν1Magadan
1641MAT16introza2k0
1642MAT161t2490General Information:

This begins an encounter between Jesus and the Pharisees and Sadducees.

1643MAT161t7p5πειράζοντες1tested him
1644MAT164jl3efigs-123personγενεὰ πονηρὰ καὶ μοιχαλὶς σημεῖον ἐπιζητεῖ ... δοθήσεται αὐτῇ1An evil and adulterous generation seeks for a sign ... given to it
1645MAT164fhx6figs-metaphorγενεὰ πονηρὰ καὶ μοιχαλὶς1An evil and adulterous generation
1646MAT164d9eqfigs-activepassiveσημεῖον ... οὐ δοθήσεται αὐτῇ1a sign will not be given to it
1647MAT164dep2εἰ μὴ τὸ σημεῖον Ἰωνᾶ1except the sign of Jonah
1648MAT165ii6j0Connecting Statement:

Here the scene shifts to a later time. Jesus uses an opportunity to warn his disciples about the Pharisees and Sadducees.

1649MAT165si9kfigs-ellipsisτὸ πέραν1the other side
1650MAT166hfz2figs-metaphorτῆς ζύμης τῶν Φαρισαίων καὶ Σαδδουκαίων1the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees
1651MAT167huw7διελογίζοντο ἐν ἑαυτοῖς1reasoned among themselves
1652MAT168mg8sὀλιγόπιστοι1You of little faith
1653MAT168zz4ifigs-rquestionτί διαλογίζεσθε ... ἄρτους οὐκ ἔχετε?1why do you reason ... you have no bread?
1654MAT169k8lk0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to warn his disciples about the Pharisees and Sadducees.

1655MAT169h5bgfigs-rquestionοὔπω νοεῖτε, οὐδὲ μνημονεύετε ... ἐλάβετε?1Do you not yet perceive or remember ... you gathered up?
1656MAT169ux51translate-numbersτῶν πεντακισχιλίων1the five thousand
1657MAT1610b11xtranslate-numbersτῶν τετρακισχιλίων1the four thousand
1658MAT1610ejm5figs-rquestionοὐδὲ τοὺς ἑπτὰ ἄρτους ... ἐλάβετε?1Or the seven loaves ... you took up?
1659MAT1611f42k0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to warn his disciples about the Pharisees and Sadducees.

1660MAT1611mb2zfigs-rquestionπῶς οὐ νοεῖτε, ὅτι οὐ περὶ ἄρτων εἶπον ὑμῖν?1How is it that you do not understand that I was not speaking to you about bread?
1661MAT1611i7x6figs-metaphorτῆς ζύμης τῶν Φαρισαίων καὶ Σαδδουκαίων1the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees
1662MAT1612f73lσυνῆκαν1they understood

These refer to the disciples.

1663MAT1613e5cm0Connecting Statement:

Here the scene shifts to a later time. Jesus asks his disciples if they understand who he is.

1664MAT1613pye3δὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line or to introduce a new person. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story.

1665MAT1613e1jhfigs-123personτὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1the Son of Man

Jesus is referring to himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

1666MAT1616n5wiguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ ζῶντος1the Son of the living God

This is an important title for Jesus that shows his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

1667MAT1616r1h7τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ ζῶντος1the living God
1668MAT1617le6atranslate-namesΣίμων Βαριωνᾶ1Simon Bar Jonah
1669MAT1617dfw5figs-synecdocheσὰρξ καὶ αἷμα οὐκ ἀπεκάλυψέν1flesh and blood have not revealed
1670MAT1617wix3σοι1to you
1671MAT1617v5lwfigs-ellipsisἀλλ’ ὁ Πατήρ μου, ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς1but my Father who is in heaven
1672MAT1617gi3lguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesὁ Πατήρ μου1my Father

This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

1673MAT1618z897κἀγὼ ... σοι λέγω1I also say to you

This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next.

1674MAT1618th3dfigs-explicitσὺ εἶ Πέτρος1you are Peter
1675MAT1618x43dfigs-metaphorἐπὶ ταύτῃ τῇ πέτρᾳ οἰκοδομήσω μου τὴν ἐκκλησίαν1upon this rock I will build my church
1676MAT1618vu9ufigs-metaphorπύλαι ᾍδου οὐ κατισχύσουσιν αὐτῆς1The gates of Hades will not prevail against it
1677MAT1619ysk8figs-youδώσω σοι1I will give to you
1678MAT1619pp5dfigs-metaphorτὰς κλεῖδας τῆς Βασιλείας τῶν Οὐρανῶν1the keys of the kingdom of heaven

Keys are objects that are used to lock or unlock doors. Here they represent authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1679MAT1619kc3kfigs-metonymyτῆς Βασιλείας τῶν Οὐρανῶν1the kingdom of heaven
1680MAT1619ef9cfigs-metaphorὃ ἐὰν δήσῃς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ἔσται δεδεμένον ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς; καὶ ὃ ἐὰν λύσῃς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ἔσται λελυμένον ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς1Whatever you shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you shall loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven
1681MAT1621wl330Connecting Statement:

Jesus tells his disciples for the first time that he will die soon.

1682MAT1621xql7figs-metonymyπολλὰ παθεῖν ἀπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων, καὶ ἀρχιερέων, καὶ γραμματέων1suffer many things at the hand of the elders and chief priests and scribes
1683MAT1621es1lfigs-activepassiveγραμματέων, καὶ ἀποκτανθῆναι καὶ τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι1scribes, be killed, and be raised back to life on the third day
1684MAT1621jjx5translate-ordinalτῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ1the third day
1685MAT1622jie2writing-backgroundκαὶ προσλαβόμενος αὐτὸν, ὁ Πέτρος1Then Peter took him aside

Jesus tells them for the first time that he will die soon (verse 21). He will tell them the same thing many times after this first time. It is after this first time that Peter takes Jesus aside. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1686MAT1622q31hπροσλαβόμενος αὐτὸν, ὁ Πέτρος1Peter took him aside

Peter spoke to Jesus when no one else could hear them

1687MAT1622guz8figs-idiomἵλεώς σοι1May this be far from you
1688MAT1623f28ifigs-metaphorὕπαγε ὀπίσω μου, Σατανᾶ! σκάνδαλον εἶ ἐμοῦ1Get behind me, Satan! You are a stumbling block to me
1689MAT1623ax7xὕπαγε ὀπίσω μου1Get behind me

Get away from me

1690MAT1624ck1afigs-metaphorὀπίσω μου ἐλθεῖν1to follow me
1691MAT1624pg9hἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτὸν1must deny himself
1692MAT1624h7ugfigs-metonymyἀράτω τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀκολουθείτω μοι1take up his cross, and follow me
1693MAT1624x13vfigs-metaphorκαὶ ἀκολουθείτω μοι1and follow me
1694MAT1625pk8hὃς γὰρ ἐὰν θέλῃ1For whoever wants

For anyone who wants

1695MAT1625y9kcfigs-metaphorἀπολέσει αὐτήν1will lose it

This does not mean the person must necessarily die. It is a metaphor that means the person will consider obeying Jesus as being more important than his own life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1696MAT1625ie7tἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ1for my sake
1697MAT1625xz98figs-metaphorεὑρήσει αὐτήν1will find it
1698MAT1626eqe8figs-rquestionτί γὰρ ὠφεληθήσεται ἄνθρωπος ... τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτοῦ?1For what does it profit a person ... his life?
1699MAT1626q7x1figs-hyperboleἐὰν τὸν κόσμον ὅλον κερδήσῃ1if he gains the whole world
1700MAT1626b34qτὴν δὲ ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ζημιωθῇ1but forfeits his life

but he loses his life

1701MAT1626eck5figs-rquestionἢ τί δώσει ἄνθρωπος ἀντάλλαγμα τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτοῦ?1What can a person give in exchange for his life?
1702MAT1627iyu1figs-123personὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ... τοῦ Πατρὸς αὐτοῦ ... τότε‘ ἀποδώσει1the Son of Man ... his Father ... Then he will reward
1703MAT1627ie16μέλλει ... ἔρχεσθαι ἐν τῇ δόξῃ τοῦ Πατρὸς αὐτοῦ1is going to come in the glory of his Father

will come, having the same glory as his Father

1704MAT1627k4q4figs-123personμετὰ τῶν ἀγγέλων αὐτοῦ1with his angels
1705MAT1627vk5yguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Πατρὸς αὐτοῦ1his Father

This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and the Son of Man, Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

1706MAT1627i7rsκατὰ τὴν πρᾶξιν αὐτοῦ1according to his actions

according to what each person has done

1707MAT1628ytr3ἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
1708MAT1628k2d1figs-youὑμῖν1to you

All occurrences of this word are plural and refer to the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

1709MAT1628wq13figs-idiomοὐ μὴ γεύσωνται θανάτου1will certainly not taste death
1710MAT1628b2pbfigs-metonymyἕως ἂν ἴδωσιν τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ἐρχόμενον ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ αὐτοῦ1until they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom
1711MAT17introyb4k0
1712MAT171u6dw0General Information:

This begins the account of Jesus' transfiguration.

1713MAT171nva7τὸν Πέτρον, καὶ Ἰάκωβον, καὶ Ἰωάννην, τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ1Peter, James, and John his brother

Peter, James, and James's brother John

1714MAT172xx8eμετεμορφώθη ἔμπροσθεν αὐτῶν1He was transfigured before them

When they looked at him, his appearance was different from what it had been.

1715MAT172kq4lfigs-activepassiveμετεμορφώθη1He was transfigured
1716MAT172uxg3ἔμπροσθεν αὐτῶν1before them
1717MAT172i1mpfigs-simileἔλαμψεν τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ ὡς ὁ ἥλιος, τὰ δὲ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο λευκὰ ὡς τὸ φῶς1His face shone like the sun, and his garments became as brilliant as the light

These are similes that emphasize how bright Jesus' appearance became. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

1718MAT172te1sτὰ ... ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ1his garments

what he was wearing

1719MAT173axr5ἰδοὺ1Behold

This word alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.

1720MAT173n63yαὐτοῖς1to them

This refers to Peter, James, and John.

1721MAT173sde3μετ’ αὐτοῦ1with him

with Jesus

1722MAT174r41cἀποκριθεὶς ... εἶπεν1answered and said
1723MAT174d231figs-exclusiveκαλόν ἐστιν ἡμᾶς ὧδε εἶναι1it is good for us to be here
1724MAT175cek4ἰδοὺ1behold

This alerts the reader to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.

1725MAT175an8jἐπεσκίασεν αὐτούς1overshadowed them

came over them

1726MAT175kc8tfigs-metonymyφωνὴ ἐκ τῆς νεφέλης1there was a voice out of the cloud
1727MAT176wd76καὶ ἀκούσαντες, οἱ μαθηταὶ1When the disciples heard it

the disciples heard God speak

1728MAT176a87efigs-idiomἔπεσαν ἐπὶ πρόσωπον αὐτῶν1they fell on their face
1729MAT179w4w90Connecting Statement:

The following events happen immediately after the three disciples witness Jesus' transfiguration.

1730MAT179jz51καὶ καταβαινόντων αὐτῶν1As they were coming down

As Jesus and the disciples

1731MAT179y9rqfigs-123personὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1the Son of Man

Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

1732MAT1710nwt5figs-explicitτί οὖν οἱ γραμματεῖς λέγουσιν ὅτι Ἠλείαν δεῖ ἐλθεῖν πρῶτον?1Why then do the scribes say that Elijah must come first?

The disciples are referring to the belief that Elijah will come back to life and return to the people of Israel before the Messiah comes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1733MAT1711xbs2ἀποκαταστήσει πάντα1restore all things
1734MAT1712whp9λέγω δὲ ὑμῖν1But I tell you

This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next.

1735MAT1712a4h7ἐποίησαν ... αὐτῶν1they did ... them

All occurrences of these words may mean either 1) the Jewish leaders or 2) all the Jewish people.

1736MAT1712tyw4figs-metonymyκαὶ ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου μέλλει πάσχειν ὑπ’ αὐτῶν1the Son of Man will also suffer by them
1737MAT1712i74ifigs-123personὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1the Son of Man

Jesus is referring to himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

1738MAT1714t6870Connecting Statement:

This begins an account of Jesus healing a boy who had an evil spirit. These events happen immediately after Jesus and his disciples descend from the mountain.

1739MAT1715ufb4figs-explicitἐλέησόν μου τὸν υἱόν1have mercy on my son
1740MAT1715hs55σεληνιάζεται1he is epileptic
1741MAT1717lyu5γενεὰ ἄπιστος καὶ διεστραμμένη, ἕως πότε1Unbelieving and corrupt generation, how long

This generation does not believe in God and does not know what is right or wrong. How

1742MAT1717su3rfigs-rquestionἕως πότε μεθ’ ὑμῶν ἔσομαι? ἕως πότε ἀνέξομαι ὑμῶν?1how long will I have to stay with you? How long must I bear with you?
1743MAT1718i8kdfigs-activepassiveἐθεραπεύθη ὁ παῖς1the boy was healed
1744MAT1718h2gcfigs-idiomἀπὸ τῆς ὥρας ἐκείνης1from that hour
1745MAT1719pz9ffigs-exclusiveἡμεῖς1we
1746MAT1719r9j7διὰ τί ἡμεῖς οὐκ ἠδυνήθημεν ἐκβαλεῖν αὐτό?1Why could we not cast it out?

Why could we not make the demon come out of the boy?

1747MAT1720u5llἀμὴν, γὰρ λέγω ὑμῖν1For I truly say to you
1748MAT1720uy78figs-simileἐὰν ἔχητε πίστιν ὡς κόκκον σινάπεως1if you have faith even as small as a grain of mustard seed

Jesus compares the size of a mustard seed to the amount of faith needed to do a miracle. A mustard seed is very small, but it grows into a large plant. Jesus means it only takes a small amount of faith to do a great miracle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

1749MAT1720x48ifigs-litotesοὐδὲν ἀδυνατήσει ὑμῖν1nothing will be impossible for you
1750MAT1722r2cu0Connecting Statement:

Here the scene shifts momentarily, and Jesus foretells his death and resurrection a second time.

1751MAT1722n2xsσυστρεφομένων ... αὐτῶν1While they stayed

Jesus and his disciples stayed

1752MAT1722ff8xfigs-activepassiveμέλλει ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου παραδίδοσθαι1The Son of Man is about to be delivered
1753MAT1722mmk2figs-metonymyπαραδίδοσθαι εἰς χεῖρας ἀνθρώπων1to be delivered into the hands of people
1754MAT1722i5rbfigs-123personὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1The Son of Man

Jesus is referring to himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

1755MAT1722jne3figs-metonymyεἰς χεῖρας ἀνθρώπων1into the hands of people
1756MAT1723hl6jfigs-123personαὐτόν ... ἐγερθήσεται1him ... he will be raised up

Jesus is referring to himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

1757MAT1723b6g3translate-ordinalτῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ1the third day
1758MAT1723fni4figs-activepassiveἐγερθήσεται1he will be raised up
1759MAT1724jli60Connecting Statement:

Here the scene shifts again to a later time when Jesus teaches Peter about paying the temple tax.

1760MAT1724t8qtἐλθόντων ... αὐτῶν1When they had come

When Jesus and his disciples

1761MAT1724b953translate-bmoneyτὰ δίδραχμα1the two-drachma tax
1762MAT1725y26nτὴν οἰκίαν1the house

the place where Jesus was staying

1763MAT1725yp5hfigs-rquestionτί σοι δοκεῖ, Σίμων? οἱ βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς, ἀπὸ τίνων λαμβάνουσιν τέλη ἢ κῆνσον? ἀπὸ τῶν υἱῶν αὐτῶν ἢ ἀπὸ τῶν ἀλλοτρίων?1What do you think, Simon? From whom do the kings of the earth collect tolls or taxes? From their sons or from others?
1764MAT1726fb1c0General Information:

This is the end of the part of the story that began in Matthew 13:54, where Matthew tells of continued opposition to Jesus' ministry and teaching about the kingdom of heaven.

1765MAT1726j3g40Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to teach Peter about paying the temple tax.

1766MAT1726w75wfigs-quotations
1767MAT1726uh6yἀπὸ τῶν ἀλλοτρίων1From others

In modern times, leaders usually tax their own citizens. But, in ancient times, the leaders often taxed the people they had conquered rather than their own citizens.

1768MAT1726u6xxοἱ υἱοί1the sons

people over whom a ruler or king rules

1769MAT1727mwa6ἵνα δὲ μὴ σκανδαλίσωμεν αὐτούς, πορευθεὶς1But so that we do not cause them to sin, go

But we do not want to make the tax collectors angry. So, go.

1770MAT1727uhk5figs-explicitβάλε ἄγκιστρον1throw in a hook

Fishermen tied hooks to the end of a line, then threw it in the water to catch fish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1771MAT1727ebj4τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ1its mouth

the fish's mouth

1772MAT1727t9t8translate-bmoneyστατῆρα1a shekel

a silver coin worth four days' wages (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])

1773MAT1727ej3lἐκεῖνον λαβὼν1Take it

Take the shekel

1774MAT1727km3vfigs-youἀντὶ ἐμοῦ καὶ σοῦ1for me and you
1775MAT18introm4y60

Matthew 18 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

What should Jesus' followers do when other followers sin against them?

Jesus taught that his followers must treat each other well and not be angry with each other. They should forgive anyone who is sorry for his sin, even if he has committed the same sin before. If he is not sorry for his sin, Jesus' followers should speak with him alone or in a small group. If he is still not sorry after that, then Jesus' followers can treat him as guilty. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])

1776MAT181f7zv0General Information:

This is the beginning of a new part of the story that runs through Matthew 18:35, where Jesus teaches about life in the kingdom of heaven. Here, Jesus uses a little child to teach the disciples.

1777MAT181iri5τίς ἄρα μείζων ἐστὶν1Who then is greatest
1778MAT181pp31figs-metonymyἐν τῇ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1in the kingdom of heaven
1779MAT183qb44ἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
1780MAT183fs1efigs-doublenegativesἐὰν μὴ στραφῆτε ... τὰ παιδία, οὐ μὴ εἰσέλθητε1unless you turn ... little children, you will certainly not enter
1781MAT183ewj5figs-simileγένησθε ὡς τὰ παιδία1become like little children

Jesus uses a simile to teach the disciples that they should not be concerned with who is most important. They should be concerned with becoming humble like a child. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

1782MAT183ch9pfigs-metonymyεἰσέλθητε εἰς τὴν Βασιλείαν τῶν Οὐρανῶν1enter into the kingdom of heaven
1783MAT184ta7zfigs-simile0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues teaching the disciples that they need to be humble like a child if they want to be important in God's kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

1784MAT184f9t5ἐστιν ὁ μείζων1is the greatest
1785MAT184gf8lfigs-metonymyἐν τῇ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1in the kingdom of heaven
1786MAT185dz1ifigs-metonymyἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματί μου1in my name
1787MAT185ik3rκαὶ ὃς ἐὰν ... ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματί μου, ἐμὲ δέχεται1Whoever ... in my name receives me
1788MAT186ghp3figs-activepassiveκρεμασθῇ μύλος ὀνικὸς περὶ τὸν τράχηλον αὐτοῦ, καὶ καταποντισθῇ ἐν τῷ πελάγει τῆς θαλάσσης1a great millstone should be hung about his neck, and that he should be sunk into the depths of the sea
1789MAT186w3uzμύλος1millstone
1790MAT187cl5i0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to use a little child to teach the disciples and warns against the terrible consequences of causing children to sin.

1791MAT187ees6figs-metonymyτῷ κόσμῳ1to the world
1792MAT187y7vhfigs-metaphorτῶν σκανδάλων ... ἐλθεῖν τὰ σκάνδαλα ... τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ δι’ οὗ τὸ σκάνδαλον ἔρχεται1the stumbling blocks ... those stumbling blocks come ... the person through whom those stumbling blocks come
1793MAT188vad7figs-hyperboleεἰ δὲ ἡ χείρ σου ἢ ὁ πούς σου σκανδαλίζει σε, ἔκκοψον αὐτὸν καὶ βάλε ἀπὸ σο1If your hand or your foot causes you to stumble, cut it off and throw it away from you

Jesus exaggerates here to emphasize that people must do anything necessary to remove from their lives what causes them to sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

1794MAT188gqi3figs-youσου ... σε1your ... you
1795MAT188pc4dεἰς τὴν ζωὴν1into life

into eternal life

1796MAT188lhk9figs-activepassiveἢ δύο χεῖρας ἢ δύο πόδας ἔχοντα, βληθῆναι εἰς τὸ πῦρ τὸ αἰώνιον1than to be thrown into the eternal fire having two hands or two feet
1797MAT189xad4figs-hyperboleκαὶ εἰ ὁ ὀφθαλμός σου σκανδαλίζει σε, ἔξελε αὐτὸν καὶ βάλε ἀπὸ σοῦ1If your eye causes you to stumble, pluck it out and throw it away from you

The command to destroy the eye, perhaps the most important part of the body, is probably an exaggeration for his hearers to do anything necessary to remove from their lives anything that causes them to sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

1798MAT189q7twfigs-metaphorσκανδαλίζει σε1causes you to stumble
1799MAT189eii2figs-youσου ... σοῦ1your ... you
1800MAT189m8asεἰς τὴν ζωὴν1into life

into eternal life

1801MAT189r1iefigs-activepassiveἢ δύο ὀφθαλμοὺς ἔχοντα βληθῆναι εἰς τὴν Γέενναν τοῦ πυρός1than to be thrown into fiery hell having two eyes
1802MAT1810qnc6ὁρᾶτε1See that
1803MAT1810e9ufμὴ καταφρονήσητε ἑνὸς τῶν μικρῶν τούτων1you do not despise any of these little ones
1804MAT1810j4l5λέγω γὰρ ὑμῖν1For I say to you

This add emphasis to what Jesus says next.

1805MAT1810xdl9figs-explicitὅτι οἱ ἄγγελοι αὐτῶν ἐν οὐρανοῖς, διὰ παντὸς βλέπουσι τὸ πρόσωπον τοῦ Πατρός μου, τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς1that in heaven their angels always look on the face of my Father who is in heaven

Jewish teachers taught that only the most important angels could be in God's presence. Jesus means that the most important angels speak to God about these little ones. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1806MAT1810y6n9figs-idiomδιὰ παντὸς βλέπουσι τὸ πρόσωπον τοῦ Πατρός μου1always look on the face of my Father
1807MAT1810iq8jguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Πατρός μου1my Father

This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

1808MAT1812xhq20Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to use a little child to teach the disciples and tells a parable to explain God's care for people.

1809MAT1812idl5figs-rquestionτί ὑμῖν δοκεῖ?1What do you think?
1810MAT1812dm8ufigs-youὑμῖν1you

This word is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

1811MAT1812cv92translate-numbersἑκατὸν ... ἐνενήκοντα ἐννέα1a hundred ... ninety-nine
1812MAT1812t5h4figs-rquestionοὐχὶ ἀφείς ... τὸ πλανώμενον?1does he not leave ... the one that went astray?
1813MAT1813j5d8figs-parablesκαὶ ἐὰν γένηται εὑρεῖν αὐτό ... τοῖς μὴ πεπλανημένοις1If he finds it ... that did not go astray
1814MAT1813at4sfigs-youαὐτό λέγω ὑμῖν1truly I say to you
1815MAT1814kcy2οὐκ ἔστιν θέλημα ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Πατρὸς ὑμῶν, τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς, ἵνα ἀπόληται ἓν τῶν μικρῶν τούτων1it is not the will of your Father in heaven that one of these little ones should perish
1816MAT1814usa4figs-youὑμῶν1your

This word is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

1817MAT1814fmm2guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Πατρὸς1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

1818MAT1815k6t70Connecting Statement:

Jesus begins to teach his disciples about forgiveness and reconciliation.

1819MAT1815kpe2ὁ ἀδελφός σου1your brother
1820MAT1815yh3tἐκέρδησας τὸν ἀδελφόν σου1you will have gained your brother

you will have made your relationship with your brother good again

1821MAT1816i25xfigs-metonymyἵνα ἐπὶ‘ στόματος δύο μαρτύρων ἢ τριῶν, σταθῇ πᾶν ῥῆμα1so that by the mouth of two or three witnesses every word might be verified
1822MAT1817g3ajἐὰν ... παρακούσῃ αὐτῶν1if he refuses to listen to them

if your fellow believer refuses to listen to the witnesses who came with you

1823MAT1817kx28τῆς ἐκκλησίας1to the church

to the whole community of believers

1824MAT1817xf1afigs-explicitἔστω σοι ὥσπερ ὁ ἐθνικὸς καὶ ὁ τελώνης1let him be to you as a Gentile and a tax collector
1825MAT1818u2klἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
1826MAT1818qzq7figs-youὑμῖν1you

All occurrences of this word are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

1827MAT1818bu6ifigs-metaphorὅσα ἐὰν δήσητε ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ἔσται δεδεμένα ἐν οὐρανῷ, καὶ ὅσα ἐὰν λύσητε ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ἔσται λελυμένα ἐν οὐρανῷ1whatever things you bind on earth will be bound in heaven; and whatever you release on earth will be released in heaven
1828MAT1818l7naλέγω ὑμῖν1I say to you

This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next.

1829MAT1819cal4figs-explicitἐὰν δύο ... ἐξ ὑμῶν1if two of you
1830MAT1819c3lfἐὰν αἰτήσωνται ... αὐτοῖς\1they might ask ... them
1831MAT1819gs8wguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Πατρός μου1my Father

This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

1832MAT1820kv9zfigs-explicitδύο ἢ τρεῖς1two or three
1833MAT1820s5rxσυνηγμένοι1gathered together

meet

1834MAT1820l7vufigs-metonymyεἰς τὸ ἐμὸν ὄνομα1in my name
1835MAT1821cys4translate-numbersἑπτάκις1seven times
1836MAT1822b19xtranslate-numbersἑβδομηκοντάκις ἑπτά1seventy times seven
1837MAT1823n44s0Connecting Statement:

Jesus uses a parable to teach about forgiveness and reconciliation.

1838MAT1823rqp1figs-parablesὡμοιώθη ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1the kingdom of heaven is similar

This introduces a parable. See how you translated a similar parable introduction in Matthew 13:24. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1839MAT1823bp72συνᾶραι λόγον μετὰ τῶν δούλων αὐτοῦ1to settle accounts with his servants

his servants to pay him what they owed

1840MAT1824d6nefigs-activepassiveπροσηνέχθη εἷς αὐτῷ1one servant was brought
1841MAT1824w3nrtranslate-bmoneyμυρίων ταλάντων1ten thousand talents
1842MAT1825nmz8figs-activepassiveἐκέλευσεν αὐτὸν ὁ κύριος πραθῆναι ... καὶ ἀποδοθῆναι1his master commanded him to be sold ... and payment to be made
1843MAT1826thl3translate-symactionπεσὼν οὖν ... προσεκύνει1fell down, bowed down before

This shows that the servant approached the king in the most humble way possible. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

1844MAT1826cx5zπροσεκύνει αὐτῷ1bowed down before him

before the king

1845MAT1827j5vpσπλαγχνισθεὶς1he was moved with compassion

he felt compassion for the servant

1846MAT1827vn7lἀπέλυσεν αὐτόν1released him

let him go

1847MAT1828d2tbfigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling a parable to his disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1848MAT1828a7jbtranslate-bmoneyἑκατὸν δηνάρια1one hundred denarii
1849MAT1828uy32κρατήσας αὐτὸν1He grasped him

The first servant grasped his fellow servant

1850MAT1828b7u9κρατήσας1grasped
1851MAT1829i21ctranslate-symactionπεσὼν1fell down

This shows that the fellow servant approached the first servant in the most humble way possible. See how you translated this in Matthew 18:26. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

1852MAT1829iv8yπαρεκάλει αὐτὸν1and implored him

and begged him

1853MAT1830fn3tfigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling a parable to his disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1854MAT1830t8wbἀπελθὼν, ἔβαλεν αὐτὸν εἰς φυλακὴν1he went and threw him into prison

the first servant went and threw his fellow servant into prison

1855MAT1831w9n2οἱ σύνδουλοι αὐτοῦ1his fellow servants

other servants

1856MAT1831nx9kδιεσάφησαν τῷ κυρίῳ ἑαυτῶν1told their master

told the king

1857MAT1832pfc2figs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling a parable to his disciple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1858MAT1832txr7τότε προσκαλεσάμενος αὐτὸν ὁ κύριος αὐτοῦ1Then his master called him

Then the king called the first servant

1859MAT1832wgs1παρεκάλεσάς με1you implored me

you begged me

1860MAT1833jw37figs-rquestionοὐκ ἔδει καὶ σὲ ἐλεῆσαι ... σὲ ἠλέησα?1Should you not also have had mercy ... had mercy you?
1861MAT1834l7ks0General Information:

This is the end of the part of the story that began in Matthew 18:1, where Jesus teaches about life in the kingdom of heaven.

1862MAT1834mkm70Connecting Statement:

Jesus concludes his parable about forgiveness and reconciliation.

1863MAT1834big9ὁ κύριος αὐτοῦ1His master

The king

1864MAT1834e95ufigs-explicitπαρέδωκεν αὐτὸν1handed him over
1865MAT1834j7s3τοῖς βασανισταῖς1to the torturers

to those who would torture him

1866MAT1834e14mfigs-activepassiveτὸ ὀφειλόμενον1that was owed
1867MAT1835pm1dguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesὁ Πατήρ μου ὁ οὐράνιος1my heavenly Father

This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

1868MAT1835q8p9figs-youὑμῖν ... ὑμῶν1to you ... your

All occurrences of these words are plural. Jesus is speaking to his disciples, but this parable teaches a general truth that applies to all believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

1869MAT1835c4fwfigs-metonymyἀπὸ τῶν καρδιῶν ὑμῶν1from your heart
1870MAT19introewl50
1871MAT191nj6twriting-background0General Information:

This is the beginning of a new part of the story that runs through Matthew 22:46, which tells of Jesus ministering in Judea. These verses provide background information of how Jesus came to be in Judea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1872MAT191ap4gἐγένετο, ὅτε1It came about that when
1873MAT191c5j9figs-metonymyἐτέλεσεν ... τοὺς λόγους τούτους1had finished these words
1874MAT191d83mἀπὸ1departed from
1875MAT193kg120Connecting Statement:

Jesus begins to teach about marriage and divorce.

1876MAT193gl85προσῆλθον αὐτῷ1came to him

came to Jesus

1877MAT193s8jqπειράζοντες αὐτὸν καὶ λέγοντες1testing him and saying
1878MAT194ncb6figs-rquestionοὐκ ἀνέγνωτε, ὅτι ὁ ποιήσας ἀπ’ ἀρχῆς, ἄρσεν‘ καὶ θῆλυ, ἐποίησεν αὐτοὺς’?1Have you not read that he who made them from the beginning made them male and female?
1879MAT195n8zn0General Information:

In verse 5, Jesus quotes from Genesis to show that a husband and wife should not divorce.

1880MAT195q71wfigs-explicitκαὶ εἶπεν, ἕνεκα‘ τούτου ... εἰς σάρκα μίαν’?1He also said, 'For this reason ... one flesh.'
1881MAT195phz3ἕνεκα‘ τούτου1For this reason

This is a part of the quotation from Genesis story about Adam and Eve. In that context the reason a man will leave his father and mother is because God created a woman to be the man's companion.

1882MAT195af1rκολληθήσεται τῇ γυναικὶ αὐτοῦ1join to his wife
1883MAT195m83jfigs-metaphorἔσονται οἱ δύο εἰς σάρκα μίαν1the two will become one flesh
1884MAT196m4b7figs-metaphorὥστε οὐκέτι εἰσὶν δύο, ἀλλὰ σὰρξ μία1So they are no longer two, but one flesh
1885MAT197jxs2λέγουσιν αὐτῷ1They said to him

The Pharisees said to Jesus

1886MAT197ugf4ἐνετείλατο1command us

command us Jews

1887MAT197xml9βιβλίον ἀποστασίου1certificate of divorce

This is a document that legally ends the marriage.

1888MAT198zu87figs-metaphorπρὸς τὴν σκληροκαρδίαν ὑμῶν1For your hardness of heart
1889MAT198ve9efigs-youτὴν σκληροκαρδίαν ὑμῶν ... ἐπέτρεψεν ὑμῖν ... τὰς γυναῖκας ὑμῶν1your hardness of heart ... allowed you ... your wives
1890MAT198mgx9figs-metonymyἀπ’ ἀρχῆς δὲ1from the beginning
1891MAT199eq8zλέγω ... ὑμῖν1I say to you

This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next.

1892MAT199yl3xfigs-ellipsisγαμήσῃ ἄλλην1marries another
1893MAT199ps45translate-textvariantsκαὶ ὁ ἀπολελυμένην γαμήσας μοιχᾶται1and the man who marries a woman who is divorced commits adultery

Many early texts do not include these words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])

1894MAT1911h3a3figs-activepassiveδέδοται1to whom it is given
1895MAT1912yvb8figs-explicitεἰσὶν γὰρ εὐνοῦχοι, οἵτινες ἐκ κοιλίας μητρὸς ἐγεννήθησαν οὕτως1For there are eunuchs who were that way from their mother's womb
1896MAT1912m1r9figs-activepassiveεἰσὶν εὐνοῦχοι οἵτινες εὐνουχίσθησαν ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων1there are eunuchs who were made eunuchs by men
1897MAT1912g4bwfigs-metaphorεὐνοῦχοι οἵτινες εὐνούχισαν ἑαυτοὺς1eunuchs who made themselves eunuchs
1898MAT1912r78nfigs-metonymyδιὰ τὴν Βασιλείαν τῶν Οὐρανῶν1for the sake of the kingdom of heaven
1899MAT1912hqu1χωρεῖν, χωρείτω1to receive this teaching, let him receive it

accept this teaching ... accept it

1900MAT1913wjb50Connecting Statement:

Jesus receives and blesses little children.

1901MAT1913wu52figs-activepassiveπροσηνέχθησαν αὐτῷ παιδία1some little children were brought to him
1902MAT1914t6cmἄφετε1Permit

allow

1903MAT1914m219μὴ κωλύετε αὐτὰ ἐλθεῖν πρός με1do not forbid them to come to me

do not stop them from coming to me

1904MAT1914l1bqfigs-metonymyτῶν γὰρ τοιούτων ἐστὶν ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1for the kingdom of heaven is to such ones
1905MAT1914za2gfigs-simileτῶν ... τοιούτων ἐστὶν ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1is to such ones
1906MAT1916g9us0Connecting Statement:

Here the scene shifts to a different time when Jesus explains to a rich man what it will cost to follow him.

1907MAT1916vj7tἰδοὺ1Behold
1908MAT1916bw9nἀγαθὸν1good thing

This means a thing that pleases God.

1909MAT1917sce3figs-rquestionτί με ἐρωτᾷς περὶ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ?1Why do you ask me about what is good?
1910MAT1917d4shεἷς ἐστιν ὁ ἀγαθός1Only one is good

God alone is completely good

1911MAT1917d7fdεἰς τὴν ζωὴν εἰσελθεῖν1to enter into life

to receive eternal life

1912MAT1919zv5nἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου1love your neighbor

The Jewish people believed that their neighbors were only other Jews. Jesus is extending that definition to include all people.

1913MAT1921m57cεἰ θέλεις1If you wish

If you want

1914MAT1921zic9figs-nominaladjπτωχοῖς1to the poor
1915MAT1921e4vsfigs-metaphorἕξεις θησαυρὸν ἐν οὐρανοῖς1you will have treasure in heaven
1916MAT1923ass20Connecting Statement:

Jesus explains to his disciples the rewards of giving up material possessions and relationships to follow him.

1917MAT1923r93jἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
1918MAT1923ean2figs-metonymyεἰσελεύσεται εἰς τὴν Βασιλείαν τῶν Οὐρανῶν1to enter in to the kingdom of heaven
1919MAT1924c8l5figs-hyperboleὐκοπώτερόν ἐστιν ... τὴν Βασιλείαν Θεοῦ1it is easier ... the kingdom of God

Jesus uses an exaggeration to illustrate how very difficult it is for rich people to enter the kingdom of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

1920MAT1924dip3τρήματος ῥαφίδος1the eye of a needle

the hole near one end of a needle, through which thread is passed

1921MAT1925sl38figs-explicitἐξεπλήσσοντο1they were very astonished
1922MAT1925d389figs-rquestionτίς ἄρα δύναται σωθῆναι?1Who then can be saved?
1923MAT1927yp3hἡμεῖς ἀφήκαμεν πάντα1we have left everything
1924MAT1927sp61τί ἄρα ἔσται ἡμῖν?1What then will there be for us?

What good thing will God give us?

1925MAT1928pm6vἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
1926MAT1928j89cfigs-metonymyἐν τῇ παλιγγενεσίᾳ1in the new age
1927MAT1928gey2figs-123personὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1the Son of Man

Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

1928MAT1928sx2jfigs-metonymyκαθίσῃ ... ἐπὶ θρόνου δόξης αὐτοῦ1sits on his glorious throne
1929MAT1928rx2ufigs-metonymyκαθήσεσθε ... ἐπὶ δώδεκα θρόνους1will sit upon twelve thrones
1930MAT1928ci3tfigs-metonymyτὰς δώδεκα φυλὰς τοῦ Ἰσραήλ1the twelve tribes of Israel
1931MAT1929gq8pfigs-metonymyἕνεκεν τοῦ ἐμοῦ ὀνόματός1for my name's sake
1932MAT1929bzt3translate-numbersἑκατονταπλασίονα λήμψεται1will receive one hundred times as much
1933MAT1929z8wbfigs-idiomζωὴν αἰώνιον κληρονομήσει1will inherit eternal life
1934MAT1930u8p3πολλοὶ δὲ ἔσονται πρῶτοι ἔσχατοι, καὶ ἔσχατοι πρῶτοι1But many who are first will be last, and the last will be first
1935MAT20introz39h0

Matthew 20 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

The parable of the landowner and his vineyard

Jesus tells this parable (Matthew 20:1-16) to teach his disciples that what God says is right is different from what people say is right.

1936MAT201k7sw0Connecting Statement:

Jesus tells a parable about a landowner who hires workers, to illustrate how God will reward those who belong to the kingdom of heaven.

1937MAT201q9qcfigs-parablesὁμοία γάρ ἐστιν ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1For the kingdom of heaven is like

This is the beginning of a parable. See how you translated the introduction to the parable in Matthew 13:24. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1938MAT202wd43συμφωνήσας1After he had agreed

After the landowner had agreed

1939MAT202iwk5translate-bmoneyδηναρίου1a denarius
1940MAT202w9hqἀπέστειλεν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸν ἀμπελῶνα αὐτοῦ1he sent them into his vineyard

he sent them to work in his vineyard

1941MAT203w9m2figs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1942MAT203s8haκαὶ ἐξελθὼν1He went out again

The landowner went out again

1943MAT203bki1translate-ordinalτρίτην ὥραν1the third hour

The third hour is around nine in the morning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])

1944MAT203xk4iἑστῶτας ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ ἀργούς1standing idle in the marketplace
1945MAT203q3b7τῇ ἀγορᾷ1the marketplace

a large, open-air area where people buy and sell food and other items

1946MAT205g1s7figs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1947MAT205j3zhπάλιν ἐξελθὼν1Again he went out

Again the landowner went out

1948MAT205pip4translate-ordinalπερὶ ἕκτην καὶ ἐνάτην ὥραν1about the sixth hour and again the ninth hour

The sixth hour is around noon. The ninth hour is around three in the afternoon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])

1949MAT205y513ἐποίησεν ὡσαύτως1did the same

This means the landowner went to the marketplace and hired workers.

1950MAT206t8uutranslate-ordinalτὴν ἑνδεκάτην1the eleventh hour

This is about five in the afternoon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])

1951MAT206up1wἑστῶτας1standing idle
1952MAT208hg2pfigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1953MAT208x6ivἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ τῶν ἐσχάτων ἕως τῶν πρώτων1beginning from the last to the first
1954MAT209p7q1figs-activepassiveοἱ1those who had been hired
1955MAT2010d2bntranslate-bmoneyδηνάριον1a denarius
1956MAT2011z2h5figs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1957MAT2011z9szλαβόντες1When they received their wages

When the workers who had worked the longest received

1958MAT2011d6syτοῦ οἰκοδεσπότου1the landowner

the vineyard owner

1959MAT2012qpz4ἴσους ἡμῖν αὐτοὺς ἐποίησας1you have made them equal to us

you have paid them the same amount of money as you paid us

1960MAT2012vy87figs-idiomτοῖς βαστάσασι τὸ βάρος τῆς ἡμέρας καὶ τὸν καύσωνα1we who have borne the burden of the day and the scorching heat
1961MAT2013w17cfigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1962MAT2013r9f3ἑνὶ αὐτῶν1to one of them

one of the workers who had worked the longest

1963MAT2013f5mbἑταῖρε1Friend

Use a word that one man would use to address another man whom he is politely rebuking.

1964MAT2013qbu1figs-rquestionοὐχὶ δηναρίου συνεφώνησάς μοι1Did you not agree with me for one denarius?
1965MAT2013qxn3translate-bmoneyδηναρίου1a denarius
1966MAT2015g5iifigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus concludes his parable about a landowner who hires workers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

1967MAT2015h3uhfigs-rquestionἢ οὐκ ἔξεστίν μοι, ὃ θέλω ποιῆσαι ἐν τοῖς ἐμοῖς?1Do I not have the right to do as I want with what belongs to me?
1968MAT2015dus3figs-rquestionἢ ὁ ὀφθαλμός σου πονηρός ἐστιν, ὅτι ἐγὼ ἀγαθός εἰμι?1Or are you envious because I am generous?
1969MAT2016k5feοὕτως ἔσονται οἱ ἔσχατοι πρῶτοι, καὶ οἱ πρῶτοι ἔσχατοι1So the last will be first, and the first last
1970MAT2016bhr5οὕτως ἔσονται οἱ ἔσχατοι πρῶτοι1So the last will be first
1971MAT2017iu9d0Connecting Statement:

Jesus foretells his death and resurrection a third time as he and his disciples travel to Jerusalem.

1972MAT2017b6iaἀναβαίνων ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα1going up to JerusalemAs Jesus was going up to Jerusalem

Jerusalem was on top of a hill, so people had to travel up to get there.

1973MAT2018d3igἰδοὺ, ἀναβαίνομεν1See, we are going up
1974MAT2018nf34figs-inclusiveἀναβαίνομεν1we are going up
1975MAT2018b2f2figs-activepassiveὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου παραδοθήσεται1the Son of Man will be delivered
1976MAT2018rbl4figs-123personὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ... αὐτὸν1Son of Man ... him

Jesus is referring to himself in the third person. If necessary, you can translate these in the first person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

1977MAT2018s8uhκατακρινοῦσιν1They will condemn

The chief priests and scribes will condemn Jesus.

1978MAT2019rjq7 καὶ παραδώσουσιν αὐτὸν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, εἰς τὸ ἐμπαῖξαι1and will deliver him to the Gentiles for them to mock

The chief priests and scribes will deliver Jesus to the Gentiles, and the Gentiles will mock him.

1979MAT2019a9k5μαστιγῶσαι1to flog
1980MAT2019pn84translate-ordinalτρτῇ τρίτῃίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ1the third day
1981MAT2019c6q1figs-123personαὐτὸν ... σταυρῶσαι ... ἀναστήσεται1him ... to crucify him ... he will be raised up

Jesus is referring to himself in the third person. If necessary, you can translate these in the first person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

1982MAT2019kr7afigs-activepassiveἀναστήσεται1he will be raised up
1983MAT2020u67i0Connecting Statement:

In response to the question that the mother of two of the disciples asks, Jesus teaches his disciples about authority and serving others in the kingdom of heaven.

1984MAT2020sx75τῶν υἱῶν Ζεβεδαίου1the sons of Zebedee

This refers James and John.

1985MAT2021b8xsfigs-metonymyἐκ δεξιῶν ... ἐξ εὐωνύμων σου1at your right hand ... at your left hand

These refer to having positions of power, authority, and honor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1986MAT2021i9n6figs-metonymyἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ σου1in your kingdom
1987MAT2022gx17figs-youοὐκ οἴδατε1You do not know
1988MAT2022i8nxfigs-youδύνασθε1Are you able
1989MAT2022f9cyfigs-idiomπιεῖν τὸ ποτήριον ὃ ἐγὼ μέλλω πίνειν1to drink the cup that I am about to drink
1990MAT2022d4rfλέγουσιν1They said
1991MAT2023m4d2figs-idiomτὸ μὲν ποτήριόν μου πίεσθε1My cup you will indeed drink
1992MAT2023aq1vfigs-metonymyδεξιῶν ... εὐωνύμων1right hand ... left hand

These refer to having positions of power, authority, and honor. See how you translated this in Matthew 20:21. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1993MAT2023sj51figs-activepassiveοἷς ἡτοίμασται ὑπὸ τοῦ Πατρός μου1it is for those for whom it has been prepared by my Father
1994MAT2023x5f4guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Πατρός μου1my Father

This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

1995MAT2024qxl4ἀκούσαντες1When ... heard this

heard what James and John had asked Jesus

1996MAT2024la38figs-explicitἠγανάκτησαν περὶ τῶν δύο ἀδελφῶν1they were very angry with the two brothers
1997MAT2025uu670Connecting Statement:

Jesus finishes teaching his disciples about authority and serving others.

1998MAT2025v2xqπροσκαλεσάμενος αὐτοὺς1called them to himself

called the twelve disciples

1999MAT2025x2ulοἱ ἄρχοντες τῶν ἐθνῶν κατακυριεύουσιν αὐτῶν1the rulers of the Gentiles subjugate them

the Gentile kings forcefully rule over their people

2000MAT2025gu83οἱ μεγάλοι1their important men

the important men among the Gentiles

2001MAT2025nb3rκατεξουσιάζουσιν αὐτῶν1exercise authority over them

have control over the people

2002MAT2026y4qwὃς ἐὰν θέλῃ1whoever wishes
2003MAT2027j3msεἶναι πρῶτος1to be first

to be important

2004MAT2028m27dfigs-123personὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ... τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ1the Son of Man ... his life

Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. If necessary, you can translate this in the first person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

2005MAT2028iz71figs-activepassiveοὐκ ἦλθεν διακονηθῆναι1did not come to be served
2006MAT2028c7r9figs-ellipsisἀλλὰ διακονῆσαι1but to serve
2007MAT2028zh3kfigs-metaphorκαὶ δοῦναι τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ λύτρον ἀντὶ πολλῶν1to give his life as a ransom for many
2008MAT2028zv1pfigs-idiomκαὶ δοῦναι τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ1to give his life
2009MAT2028hgv7figs-ellipsisἀντὶ πολλῶν1for many
2010MAT2029u6ad0Connecting Statement:

This begins an account of Jesus healing two blind men.

2011MAT2029ev2tἐκπορευομένων αὐτῶν1As they went out

This refers to the disciples and Jesus.

2012MAT2029b4trἠκολούθησεν αὐτῷ1followed him

followed Jesus

2013MAT2030zz5fἀκούσαντες1When they heard

When the two blind men heard

2014MAT2030stz8παράγει1was passing by

was walking by them

2015MAT2030t577Υἱὸς Δαυείδ1Son of David
2016MAT2032f5mwἐφώνησεν αὐτοὺς1called to them

called to the blind men

2017MAT2032fd9xτί θέλετε1What do you wish

do you want

2018MAT2033yb39figs-metaphorἵνα ἀνοιγῶσιν οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ ἡμῶν1that our eyes may be opened
2019MAT2034q9iqσπλαγχνισθεὶς1being moved with compassion
2020MAT21introni1x0
2021MAT211f8fs0Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of Jesus' entry into Jerusalem. Here he gives his disciples instructions about what they are to do.

2022MAT211p3g6translate-namesΒηθφαγὴ1Bethphage

This is a village near Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2023MAT212wen2figs-activepassiveὄνον δεδεμένην1a donkey tied up there
2024MAT212pq2efigs-explicitδεδεμένην1tied up there
2025MAT212ure7πῶλον1a colt

young male donkey

2026MAT214lk670General Information:

Here the author quotes the prophet Zechariah to show that Jesus fulfilled prophecy by riding a donkey into Jerusalem.

2027MAT214irw1δὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew explains how Jesus' actions fulfill scripture.

2028MAT214n979figs-activepassiveτοῦτο ... γέγονεν, ἵνα πληρωθῇ τὸ ῥηθὲν διὰ τοῦ προφήτου1this came about that what was spoken through the prophet might be fulfilled
2029MAT214x3upfigs-explicitδιὰ τοῦ προφήτου1through the prophet
2030MAT215whn7τῇ θυγατρὶ Σιών1the daughter of Zion
2031MAT215jzz6Σιών1Zion

This is another name for Jerusalem.

2032MAT215fx3vἐπὶ ὄνον καὶ ἐπὶ πῶλον, υἱὸν ὑποζυγίου1on a donkey—on a colt, the foal of a donkey
2033MAT217y6enτὰ ἱμάτια1cloaks

These were outer clothing or long coats.

2034MAT218t29sfigs-explicitὄχλος ἔστρωσαν ἑαυτῶν τὰ ἱμάτια ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ; ἄλλοι δὲ ἔκοπτον κλάδους ἀπὸ τῶν δένδρων, καὶ ἐστρώννυον ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ1crowd spread their cloaks on the road, and others cut branches from the trees and spread them in the road

These are ways to show honor to Jesus as he was entering Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

2035MAT219ky4cὡσαννὰ1Hosanna
2036MAT219ysb9τῷ Υἱῷ Δαυείδ1the son of David
2037MAT219q52tfigs-metonymyἐν ὀνόματι Κυρίου1in the name of the Lord
2038MAT219g73zfigs-metonymyὡσαννὰ ἐν τοῖς ὑψίστοις1Hosanna in the highest
2039MAT2110cb4hfigs-metonymyἐσείσθη πᾶσα ἡ πόλις1all the city was stirred
2040MAT2110nqb2ἐσείσθη1stirred

excited

2041MAT2112q41c0General Information:

In verse 13, Jesus quotes the prophet Isaiah to rebuke the vendors and money changers.

2042MAT2112mc5v0Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of Jesus entering into the temple.

2043MAT2112y9j4figs-explicitεἰσῆλθεν Ἰησοῦς εἰς τὸ ἱερόν1Jesus entered into the temple

Jesus did not enter the actual temple. He entered the courtyard around the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2044MAT2112w7acτοὺς πωλοῦντας καὶ ἀγοράζοντας1those who bought and sold

Merchants were selling animals and other items that travelers bought to offer the proper sacrifices at the temple.

2045MAT2113guy7λέγει αὐτοῖς1He said to them

Jesus said to those who were changing money and buying and selling things

2046MAT2113m1jlfigs-activepassiveγέγραπται1It is written
2047MAT2113z8grfigs-activepassiveὁ‘ οἶκός μου ... κληθήσεται1My house will be called
2048MAT2113n9v8ὁ‘ οἶκός μου1My house
2049MAT2113bd8xfigs-idiomοἶκος προσευχῆς1a house of prayer
2050MAT2113c7l3figs-metaphorσπήλαιον‘ λῃστῶν1a den of robbers
2051MAT2114rpp3figs-nominaladjτυφλοὶ καὶ χωλοὶ1the blind and the lame
2052MAT2114aku3χωλοὶ1lame

those who have an injured foot or leg that makes walking difficult

2053MAT2115p7x20General Information:

In verse 16, Jesus quotes from the Psalms to justify how the people had responded to him.

2054MAT2115hft8τὰ θαυμάσια1the marvelous things
2055MAT2115fqr9ὡσαννὰ1Hosanna
2056MAT2115c6k8τῷ Υἱῷ Δαυείδ1the Son of David
2057MAT2115r3bsfigs-explicitἠγανάκτησαν1they became very angry
2058MAT2116zx4afigs-rquestionἀκούεις τί οὗτοι λέγουσιν?1Do you hear what they are saying?
2059MAT2116luy1figs-rquestionοὐδέποτε ἀνέγνωτε ... αἶνον’?1But have you never read ... praise'?
2060MAT2116qa9ufigs-metonymyἐκ‘ στόματος νηπίων καὶ θηλαζόντων, κατηρτίσω αἶνον1Out of the mouths of little children and nursing infants you have prepared praise
2061MAT2117kag5καταλιπὼν αὐτοὺς1Then he left them

Jesus left the chief priests and scribes

2062MAT2118l3bi0Connecting Statement:

Jesus uses a fig tree to teach his disciples about faith and prayer.

2063MAT2118q488δὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew explains that Jesus is hungry and that is why he stops at the fig tree.

2064MAT2119h2laἐξηράνθη1withered

died and dried up

2065MAT2120q81gfigs-rquestionπῶς παραχρῆμα ἐξηράνθη ἡ συκῆ?1How did the fig tree immediately wither away?
2066MAT2120sk1gἐξηράνθη1wither away

dry up and die

2067MAT2121nd3yἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
2068MAT2121mwl5figs-doubletἐὰν ἔχητε πίστιν καὶ μὴ διακριθῆτε1if you have faith and do not doubt
2069MAT2121jf9hfigs-quotationsκἂν τῷ ὄρει τούτῳ εἴπητε, ἄρθητι‘ καὶ βλήθητι εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν1you will even say to this mountain, 'Be taken up and thrown into the sea,'
2070MAT2121nxi3figs-activepassiveγενήσεται1it will be done
2071MAT2123yi7j0Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of the religious leaders questioning Jesus' authority.

2072MAT2123uge9figs-explicitἐλθόντος αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν1When he had come into the temple

It is implied that Jesus did not enter the actual temple. He entered the courtyard around the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2073MAT2123s1w6ταῦτα1these things

This refers to Jesus teaching and healing in the temple. It probably also refers to Jesus driving out the buyers and sellers the previous day.

2074MAT2125dau40Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to respond to the religious leaders.

2075MAT2125k1a7πόθεν ἦν?1from where did it come?

where did he get the authority to do that?

2076MAT2125vvt5figs-quotesinquotesἐὰν εἴπωμεν, ἐξ‘ οὐρανοῦ’, ἐρεῖ ἡμῖν, διὰ‘ τί οὖν οὐκ ἐπιστεύσατε αὐτῷ?1If we say, 'From heaven,' he will say to us, 'Why then did you not believe him?
2077MAT2125xx3bfigs-metonymyἐξ οὐρανοῦ1From heaven
2078MAT2125jmg7figs-rquestionδιὰ‘ τί οὖν οὐκ ἐπιστεύσατε αὐτῷ?1Why then did you not believe him?
2079MAT2126zxn4figs-quotesinquotesἐὰν δὲ εἴπωμεν, ἐξ‘ ἀνθρώπων’,1But if we say, 'From men,'
2080MAT2126vn6jφοβούμεθα τὸν ὄχλον1we fear the crowd

we fear what the crowd would think or even do to us

2081MAT2126q1r1πάντες ... ὡς προφήτην ἔχουσιν τὸν Ἰωάννην1they all regard John as a prophet

they believe John is a prophet

2082MAT2128u56nfigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus tells a parable about two sons to rebuke the religious leaders and to illustrate their unbelief. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

2083MAT2128iem2figs-rquestionτί δὲ ὑμῖν δοκεῖ1But what do you think?
2084MAT2129b96zfigs-metaphorμεταμεληθεὶς1he changed his mind

This refers to the son reconsidering his thoughts and deciding to act differently from how he had said he would act. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2085MAT2131hl72λέγουσιν1They said

The chief priests and elders said

2086MAT2131au13λέγει αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς1Jesus said to them

Jesus said to the chief priests and elders

2087MAT2131er5sἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
2088MAT2131ec9ffigs-metonymyοἱ τελῶναι καὶ αἱ πόρναι προάγουσιν ὑμᾶς εἰς τὴν Βασιλείαν Θεοῦ1the tax collectors and the prostitutes will enter into the kingdom of God before you
2089MAT2131pd34προάγουσιν ὑμᾶς1will enter ... before you

Possible meanings are 1) God will accept the tax collectors and prostitutes sooner than he will accept the Jewish religious leaders, or 2) God will accept the tax collectors and prostitutes instead of the Jewish religious leaders.

2090MAT2132a8z8figs-youἦλθεν ... Ἰωάννης πρὸς ὑμᾶς1John came to you
2091MAT2132n2vefigs-idiomἐν ὁδῷ δικαιοσύνης1in the way of righteousness
2092MAT2132c5t4figs-youοὐκ ἐπιστεύσατε αὐτῷ1you did not believe him
2093MAT2133nn9yfigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

To rebuke the religious leaders and illustrate their unbelief, Jesus tells a parable about rebellious servants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

2094MAT2133sx2yοἰκοδεσπότης1a landowner

a person who owned a piece of property

2095MAT2133v39uφραγμὸν1a hedge
2096MAT2133lg79ὤρυξεν ἐν αὐτῷ ληνὸν1dug a winepress in it

dug a hole in the vineyard in which to press the grapes

2097MAT2133eu7xἐξέδετο αὐτὸν γεωργοῖς1rented it out to vine growers

The owner still owned the vineyard, but he allowed the vine growers to take care of it. When the grapes became ripe, they were to give some of them to the owner and keep the rest.

2098MAT2133vp8kγεωργοῖς1vine growers

These were people who knew how to take care of vines and grapes.

2099MAT2135hn3cfigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

2100MAT2135n1cqτοὺς δούλους αὐτοῦ1his servants

the landowner's servants

2101MAT2138a55yfigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

2102MAT2140x1llοὖν1Now
2103MAT2141ss2mλέγουσιν αὐτῷ1They said to him
2104MAT2142z9tm0General Information:

Jesus quotes the prophet Isaiah to show that God will honor the one whom the religious leaders reject.

2105MAT2142x8zh0Connecting Statement:

Here Jesus begins to explain the parable of the rebellious servants.

2106MAT2142kk7eλέγει αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς1Jesus said to them
2107MAT2142me7gfigs-rquestionοὐδέποτε ἀνέγνωτε ... ὀφθαλμοῖς ἡμῶν’?1Did you never read ... our eyes'?
2108MAT2142mcm8figs-metaphorλίθον‘ ὃν ἀπεδοκίμασαν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες, οὗτος ἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας1The stone which the builders rejected has been made the cornerstone

Jesus is quoting from the Psalms. This is a metaphor that means the religious leaders, like builders, will reject Jesus, but God will make him the most important in his kingdom, like the cornerstone in a building. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2109MAT2142uid2figs-activepassiveἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας1has become the cornerstone
2110MAT2142b1srπαρὰ Κυρίου ἐγένετο αὕτη1This was from the Lord

The Lord has caused this great change

2111MAT2142el83figs-metonymyἔστιν θαυμαστὴ ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς ἡμῶν1it is marvelous in our eyes
2112MAT2143s93aλέγω ὑμῖν1I say to you

This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next.

2113MAT2143c7pbfigs-youὑμῖν1to you
2114MAT2143v89zfigs-metonymyἀρθήσεται ἀφ’ ὑμῶν ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ δοθήσεται ἔθνει1the kingdom of God will be taken away from you and will be given to a nation
2115MAT2143cm2ifigs-metaphorποιοῦντι τοὺς καρποὺς αὐτῆς1that produces its fruits
2116MAT2144r7upfigs-metaphorὁ πεσὼν ἐπὶ τὸν λίθον τοῦτον, συνθλασθήσεται1Whoever falls on this stone will be broken to pieces
2117MAT2144ghz2figs-parallelismὃν δ’ ἂν πέσῃ, λικμήσει αὐτόν1But anyone on whom it falls, it will crush him.

This means basically the same thing as the previous sentence. It is a metaphor that means the Christ will have the final judgment and will destroy everyone who rebels against him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2118MAT2145gh8w0Connecting Statement:

The religious leaders react to the parable that Jesus told.

2119MAT2145qpy9τὰς παραβολὰς αὐτοῦ1his parables

Jesus' parables

2120MAT22introk5ze0
2121MAT221z8vzfigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

To rebuke the religious leaders and to illustrate their unbelief, Jesus tells a parable about a marriage feast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

2122MAT221bc6yαὐτοῖς1to them

to the people

2123MAT222xps3ὡμοιώθη ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1The kingdom of heaven is like

This is the beginning of a parable. See how you translated this in Matthew 13:24.

2124MAT223wur1figs-activepassiveτοὺς κεκλημένους1those who had been invited
2125MAT224l896figs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

2126MAT224c7x4figs-quotationsδούλους λέγων, εἴπατε‘ τοῖς κεκλημένοις1servants, saying, 'Tell them who are invited
2127MAT224iq6yἰδοὺ1See
2128MAT224xu4tfigs-explicitοἱ ταῦροί μου καὶ τὰ σιτιστὰ τεθυμένα1My oxen and fattened calves have been killed
2129MAT224c48aοἱ ταῦροί μου καὶ τὰ σιτιστὰ1My oxen and fattened calves

My best oxen and calves for eating

2130MAT225e4flfigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

2131MAT225zu4cοἱ δὲ ἀμελήσαντες1But they paid no attention

But the guests the king invited ignored the invitation

2132MAT227la7sfigs-explicitἀπώλεσεν τοὺς φονεῖς ἐκείνους1killed those murderers

It is implied that the king's soldiers killed the murderers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2133MAT228u2axfigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

2134MAT228k98ufigs-activepassiveοἱ ... κεκλημένοι1those who were invited
2135MAT229p48sτὰς διεξόδους τῶν ὁδῶν1the highway crossings
2136MAT2210uva7πονηρούς τε καὶ ἀγαθούς1both bad and good

both the good people and the bad people

2137MAT2210c6phfigs-activepassiveκαὶ ἐπλήσθη ὁ γάμος ἀνακειμένων1So the wedding hall was filled with guests
2138MAT2210fy3aὁ γάμος1the wedding hall

a large room

2139MAT2211s8gafigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

2140MAT2212c7iyfigs-rquestionπῶς εἰσῆλθες ὧδε μὴ ἔχων ἔνδυμα γάμου?1how did you come in here without wedding clothes?
2141MAT2212w7vbὁ ... ἐφιμώθη1the man was speechless

the man was silent

2142MAT2213wt880Connecting Statement:

Jesus concludes his parable about a marriage feast.

2143MAT2213jmp4διακόνοις, δήσαντες‘ αὐτοῦ πόδας καὶ χεῖρας1Bind this man hand and foot

Tie him up so that he cannot move his hands or feet

2144MAT2213rpy8figs-metonymyτὸ σκότος τὸ ἐξώτερον1the outer darkness
2145MAT2213s9getranslate-symactionὁ κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὁ βρυγμὸς τῶν ὀδόντων1weeping and the grinding of teeth
2146MAT2214hy3afigs-activepassiveπολλοὶ γάρ εἰσιν κλητοὶ, ὀλίγοι δὲ ἐκλεκτοί1For many people are called, but few are chosen
2147MAT2214yz5fγάρ1For

This marks a transition. Jesus has ended the parable and will now explain the point of the parable.

2148MAT2215y8260Connecting Statement:

This begins an account of the religious leaders trying to trap Jesus with several difficult questions. Here the Pharisees ask him about paying taxes to Caesar.

2149MAT2215u2mjὅπως αὐτὸν παγιδεύσωσιν ἐν λόγῳ1how they might entrap him in his own words

how they could cause Jesus to say something wrong so they could arrest him

2150MAT2216eae4figs-explicitτοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτῶν ... τῶν Ἡρῳδιανῶν1their disciples ... the Herodians

The disciples of the Pharisees supported paying taxes only to Jewish authorities. The Herodians supported paying taxes to the Roman authorities. It is implied that the Pharisees believed that no matter what Jesus said, he would offend one of these groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2151MAT2216rf66translate-namesἩρῳδιανῶν1Herodians

These were officials and followers of the Jewish king Herod. He was friends with Roman authorities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2152MAT2216t2qaοὐ γὰρ βλέπεις εἰς πρόσωπον ἀνθρώπων1for you do not look at the appearance of people
2153MAT2217a9byfigs-explicitδοῦναι κῆνσον Καίσαρι1to pay taxes to Caesar
2154MAT2218a2tifigs-rquestionτί με πειράζετε, ὑποκριταί?1Why are you testing me, you hypocrites?
2155MAT2219cie7translate-bmoneyδηνάριον1a denarius

This was a Roman coin worth one day's wages. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])

2156MAT2220ue7jαὐτοῖς1to them
2157MAT2220dr3dfigs-rquestionτίνος ἡ εἰκὼν αὕτη καὶ ἡ ἐπιγραφή?1Whose image and name are these?
2158MAT2221yd84figs-ellipsisΚαίσαρος1Caesar's
2159MAT2221i6g5τὰ Καίσαρος1the things that are Caesar's

things that belong to Caesar

2160MAT2221l3dhτὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ1the things that are God's

things that belong to God

2161MAT2223wqg20Connecting Statement:

The Sadducees try to trap Jesus by asking him a difficult question about marriage and the resurrection of the dead.

2162MAT2224xl5ffigs-quotesinquotesΔιδάσκαλε, Μωϋσῆς εἶπεν, ἐάν‘ τις ἀποθάνῃ1Teacher, Moses said, 'If someone dies
2163MAT2224u7dmτῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ ... τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ ... τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ1his brother ... his wife ... to is brother
2164MAT2225kjf50Connecting Statement:

The Sadducees continue asking Jesus a question.

2165MAT2225ag5ztranslate-ordinalὁ πρῶτος1The first
2166MAT2226r6bqtranslate-ordinalὁ δεύτερος ... ὁ τρίτος ... τῶν ἑπτά1the second ... the third ... the seventh
2167MAT2227t7mdὕστερον ... πάντων1After them all

After every brother had died

2168MAT2228wbd1οὖν1Now

Here the Sadducees shift from the story about the seven brothers to their actual question.

2169MAT2228s743ἐν τῇ ἀναστάσει1in the resurrection

when dead people come back to life

2170MAT2229p1aefigs-explicitπλανᾶσθε1You are mistaken
2171MAT2229dax6τὴν δύναμιν τοῦ Θεοῦ1the power of God

what God is able to do

2172MAT2230ygr1ἐν ... τῇ ἀναστάσει1in the resurrection

when dead people rise back to life

2173MAT2230uaj9οὔτε γαμοῦσιν1they neither marry

people will not marry

2174MAT2230qkv1figs-activepassiveοὔτε γαμίζονται1nor are given in marriage
2175MAT2231nx660Connecting Statement:

Jesus begins asking a question to show that people who have died will live again.

2176MAT2231b9syfigs-rquestionοὐκ ἀνέγνωτε ... τοῦ Θεοῦ λέγοντος1have you not read ... God, saying,
2177MAT2231ljj7figs-activepassiveτὸ ῥηθὲν ὑμῖν ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ1what was spoken to you by God
2178MAT2232zb7a0Connecting Statement:

Jesus finishes asking the question he began in verse 31.

2179MAT2232qcq3figs-quotationsἐγώ‘ εἰμι ὁ Θεὸς ... Ἰακώβ’?1'I am the God ... Jacob'?
2180MAT2232t7lvfigs-nominaladjνεκρῶν, ἀλλὰ ζώντων1of the dead, but of the living
2181MAT2234jnd70Connecting Statement:

A Pharisee who was an expert in the law tries to trap Jesus by asking him a difficult question about the greatest commandment.

2182MAT2235ud5rνομικὸς1a lawyer
2183MAT2237vng80General Information:

Jesus quotes a verse from Deuteronomy as the greatest commandment.

2184MAT2237xl3efigs-metonymyἐν ὅλῃ τῇ καρδίᾳ σου, καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ ψυχῇ σου, καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ διανοίᾳ σου1with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your mind
2185MAT2238q8j3figs-doubletἡ μεγάλη καὶ πρώτη ἐντολή1the great and first commandment
2186MAT2239xk1k0General Information:

Jesus quotes a verse from Leviticus as the second greatest commandment.

2187MAT2239yx7vτὸν πλησίον σου1your neighbor
2188MAT2240wpr8figs-metonymyἐν ταύταις ταῖς δυσὶν ἐντολαῖς, ὅλος ὁ νόμος κρέμαται καὶ οἱ προφῆται1On these two commandments depend the whole law and the prophets
2189MAT2241r9ca0Connecting Statement:

Jesus asks the Pharisees a difficult question in order to stop their attempts to trap him.

2190MAT2241pj4aδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story when Jesus asks the religious leaders a question.

2191MAT2242xlf8υἱός ... τοῦ Δαυείδ1son ... the son of David
2192MAT2243dpp50General Information:
2193MAT2243cu3hfigs-rquestionπῶς οὖν Δαυεὶδ ἐν Πνεύματι καλεῖ Κύριον αὐτὸν1How then does David in the Spirit call him Lord
2194MAT2243yu5mΔαυεὶδ ἐν Πνεύματι1David in the Spirit
2195MAT2243dn9yκαλεῖ ... αὐτὸν1call him
2196MAT2244wy85εἶπεν‘ Κύριος1The Lord said
2197MAT2244k3f7τῷ Κυρίῳ μου1to my Lord
2198MAT2244dz2atranslate-symactionκάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου1Sit at my right hand
2199MAT2244e59nfigs-idiomἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποκάτω τῶν ποδῶν σου1until I put your enemies under your footstool
2200MAT2245l9620General Information:

This is the end of the part of the story that began in Matthew 19:1, that tells of Jesus ministering in Judea.

2201MAT2245e2wd0Connecting Statement:

This is the end of the account of the religious leaders trying to trap Jesus with several difficult questions.

2202MAT2245d8glfigs-rquestionεἰ οὖν Δαυεὶδ καλεῖ αὐτὸν, Κύριον‘’, πῶς υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἐστιν?1If David then calls the Christ 'Lord,' how is he David's son?
2203MAT2245x9uhεἰ οὖν Δαυεὶδ καλεῖ αὐτὸν, Κύριον‘’, πῶς υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἐστιν?1If David then calls the Christ
2204MAT2246n3hwfigs-metonymyἀποκριθῆναι αὐτῷ λόγον1to answer him a word
2205MAT2246c1f2figs-explicitἐπερωτῆσαι αὐτὸν οὐκέτι1to question him any longer

It is implied that no one asked him the kind of questions that were intended to make him say something wrong so the religious leaders could arrest him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2206MAT23introm99i0
2207MAT231skq40General Information:

This is the beginning of a new part of the story that runs through Matthew 25:46, where Jesus teaches about salvation and the final judgment. Here he begins to warn the people about the scribes and Pharisees.

2208MAT232dnu3figs-metonymyἐπὶ τῆς Μωϋσέως καθέδρας ἐκάθισαν1sit in Moses' seat
2209MAT233q336πάντα οὖν ὅσα ἐὰν ... ποιήσατε, καὶ τηρεῖτε1Therefore whatever ... do and observe these things
2210MAT234xce6figs-metaphorδεσμεύουσιν δὲ φορτία βαρέα καὶ δυσβάστακτα, καὶ ἐπιτιθέασιν ἐπὶ τοὺς ὤμους τῶν ἀνθρώπων; αὐτοὶ δὲ τῷ δακτύλῳ αὐτῶν οὐ θέλουσιν κινῆσαι αὐτά1They tie up heavy burdens that are difficult to carry, and then they put them on people's shoulders. But they themselves will not move a finger to carry themThey tie up loads that are heavy and difficult to carry, and they put them on people's shoulders. But they themselves are not willing to lift their finger to move them
2211MAT235nw4yfigs-activepassiveπάντα δὲ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν, ποιοῦσιν πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι τοῖς ἀνθρώποις1They do all their deeds to be seen by people
2212MAT235ln6jfigs-explicitπλατύνουσι γὰρ τὰ φυλακτήρια αὐτῶν καὶ μεγαλύνουσι τὰ κράσπεδα1For they make their phylacteries wide, and they enlarge the edges of their garments

Both of these are things the Pharisees do to appear as if they honor God more than other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2213MAT235gcv7φυλακτήρια1phylacteries

small leather boxes containing paper with scripture written on it

2214MAT235h2qjμεγαλύνουσι τὰ κράσπεδα1they enlarge the edges of their garments

The Pharisees made the tassels on the bottom of their robes especially long to show their devotion to God.

2215MAT236i6ec0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues speaking to the crowds and disciples about the Pharisees.

2216MAT236arf1τὴν πρωτοκλισίαν ... τὰς πρωτοκαθεδρίας1the chief places ... the chief seats

Both of these are the places where the most important people sit.

2217MAT237cp2mταῖς ἀγοραῖς1the marketplaces

large, open-air areas where people buy and sell items

2218MAT237cbe8figs-activepassiveκαλεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων, Ῥαββεί1to be called 'Rabbi' by people.
2219MAT238uk5vfigs-activepassiveὑμεῖς δὲ μὴ κληθῆτε1But you must not be called
2220MAT238ru2bfigs-youὑμεῖς1you
2221MAT238s5duὑμεῖς ἀδελφοί ἐστε1you are brothers
2222MAT239l33ffigs-hyperboleΠατέρα‘’ μὴ καλέσητε ὑμῶν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς1do not call any of you on the earth 'father,'
2223MAT239any8guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesεἷς γάρ ἐστιν ὑμῶν ὁ Πατὴρ1For you have only one Father
2224MAT2310b8uafigs-activepassiveμηδὲ κληθῆτε1Do not be called
2225MAT2310lp5ffigs-123personὅτι καθηγητὴς ὑμῶν ἐστιν εἷς, ὁ Χριστός1for your one teacher is the Christ
2226MAT2311d62bὁ ... μείζων ὑμῶν1he who is greatest among you

the person who is most important among you

2227MAT2311d9xwfigs-youὑμῶν1among you
2228MAT2312x187ὑψώσει ἑαυτὸν1exalts himself

makes himself important

2229MAT2312e81rfigs-activepassiveταπεινωθήσεται1will be humbled
2230MAT2312uz88figs-activepassiveὑψωθήσεται1will be exalted
2231MAT2313ts6zfigs-metaphor0General Information:
2232MAT2313aw490Connecting Statement:

Jesus begins to rebuke the religious leaders because of their hypocrisy.

2233MAT2313i9dqοὐαὶ δὲ ὑμῖν1But woe to you
2234MAT2313j4sdfigs-metaphorκλείετε τὴν Βασιλείαν τῶν Οὐρανῶν ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων; ὑμεῖς γὰρ οὐκ εἰσέρχεσθε, οὐδὲ τοὺς εἰσερχομένους ἀφίετε εἰσελθεῖν1You shut the kingdom of heaven against people. For you do not enter it yourselves, and neither do you allow those about to enter to enter
2235MAT2315e4a8figs-idiomπεριάγετε τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ τὴν ξηρὰν1you go over sea and land
2236MAT2315iyl7ποιῆσαι ἕνα προσήλυτον1to make one convert

to make one person accept your religion

2237MAT2315bq91figs-idiomυἱὸν Γεέννης1a son of hell
2238MAT2316r5k3figs-metaphorὁδηγοὶ τυφλοὶ1blind guides
2239MAT2316qgh8ἐν τῷ ναῷ, οὐδέν ἐστιν1by the temple, it is nothing

by the temple does not have to keep his oath

2240MAT2316lni3figs-metaphorὀφείλει1is bound to his oath
2241MAT2317s7a8figs-metaphorμωροὶ καὶ τυφλοί!1You fools and blind men!

The Jewish leaders were spiritually blind. Although they thought of themselves as teachers, they were unable to understand God's truth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2242MAT2317f9zdfigs-rquestionτίς γὰρ μείζων ἐστίν, ὁ χρυσὸς ἢ ὁ ναὸς ὁ ἁγιάσας τὸν χρυσόν?1For which is greater, the gold or the temple that makes the gold holy?
2243MAT2317j6d5ὁ ναὸς ὁ ἁγιάσας τὸν χρυσόν1the temple that makes the gold holy

the temple that makes the gold belong to God alone

2244MAT2318lr61figs-ellipsisκαί1And
2245MAT2318d331οὐδέν ἐστιν1it is nothing
2246MAT2318ngd2τῷ δώρῳ1the gift

This is an animal or grain that a person would bring to God by putting it on God's altar.

2247MAT2318zg72figs-metaphorὀφείλει1is bound to his oath
2248MAT2319y6hkfigs-metaphorτυφλοί1blind men

The Jewish leaders were spiritually blind. Although they thought of themselves as teachers, they were unable to understand God's truth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2249MAT2319g7qrfigs-rquestionτί γὰρ μεῖζον, τὸ δῶρον, ἢ τὸ θυσιαστήριον τὸ ἁγιάζον τὸ δῶρον?1For which is greater, the gift or the altar that makes the gift holy?
2250MAT2319gt4dτὸ θυσιαστήριον τὸ ἁγιάζον τὸ δῶρον1the altar that makes the gift holy

the altar that makes the gift special to God

2251MAT2320x4q4ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ἐπάνω αὐτοῦ1by everything on it

by all the gifts that people have placed on it

2252MAT2321m21bτῷ κατοικοῦντι αὐτόν1the one who lives in it

God the Father

2253MAT2322ejw9τῷ καθημένῳ ἐπάνω αὐτοῦ1him who sits on it

God the Father

2254MAT2323lg3rοὐαὶ ὑμῖν ... ὑποκριταί! 1Woe to you ... hypocrites!
2255MAT2323n94ytranslate-unknownτὸ ἡδύοσμον, καὶ τὸ ἄνηθον, καὶ τὸ κύμινον1mint and dill and cumin

These are various leaves and seeds people used to make food taste good. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

2256MAT2323hga6ἀφήκατε1you have left undone

you have not obeyed

2257MAT2323c8bbτὰ βαρύτερα1the weightier matters

the more important matters

2258MAT2323m32jταῦτα δὲ ἔδει ποιῆσαι1But these you ought to have done

You ought to have obeyed these more important laws

2259MAT2323nn6qfigs-doublenegativesκἀκεῖνα μὴ ἀφιέναι1and not to have left the other undone
2260MAT2324y84yfigs-metaphorὁδηγοὶ τυφλοί!1You blind guides

Jesus uses this metaphor to describe the Pharisees. Jesus means that the Pharisees do not understand God's commands or how to please him. Therefore, they cannot teach others how to please God. See how you translated this metaphor in Matthew 15:14. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2261MAT2324l7fhfigs-metaphorοἱ διϋλίζοντες τὸν κώνωπα τὴν δὲ κάμηλον καταπίνοντες!1you who strain out a gnat but swallow a camel!
2262MAT2324sn3zοἱ διϋλίζοντες τὸν κώνωπα1strain out a gnat

This means to pour a liquid through a cloth to remove a gnat from a drink.

2263MAT2324whk2κώνωπα1gnat

a small flying insect

2264MAT2325ns27οὐαὶ ὑμῖν ... ὑποκριταί! 1Woe to you ... hypocrites!
2265MAT2325ru45figs-metaphorὅτι καθαρίζετε τὸ ἔξωθεν τοῦ ποτηρίου καὶ τῆς παροψίδος, ἔσωθεν δὲ γέμουσιν ἐξ ἁρπαγῆς καὶ ἀκρασίας1For you clean the outside of the cup and of the plate, but inside they are full of greed and self-indulgence

This is a metaphor that means the scribes and Pharisees appear pure on the outside to others, but on the inside they are wicked. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2266MAT2325tz8hγέμουσιν ἐξ ἁρπαγῆς καὶ ἀκρασίας1they are full of greed and self-indulgence

they want what others have, and they act in the interest of the self

2267MAT2326lb5jfigs-metaphorΦαρισαῖε τυφλέ!1You blind Pharisee!

The Pharisees were spiritually blind. Although they thought of themselves as teachers, they were unable to understand God's truth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2268MAT2326f9p8figs-metaphorκαθάρισον πρῶτον τὸ ἐντὸς τοῦ ποτηρίου καὶ τῆς παροψίδος, ἵνα γένηται καὶ τὸ ἐκτὸς ... καθαρόν1Clean first the inside of the cup and of the plate, so that the outside may become clean also

This is a metaphor that means that if they would become pure in their inner being, then the result is that they would be pure on the outside as well. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2269MAT2327kry1figs-simileπαρομοιάζετε τάφοις κεκονιαμένοις ... ἀκαθαρσίας1you are like whitewashed tombs ... unclean

This is a simile that means the scribes and Pharisees may appear to be pure on the outside, but they are wicked on the inside. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

2270MAT2327ta1ffigs-explicitτάφοις κεκονιαμένοις1whitewashed tombs
2271MAT2329tse6figs-nominaladjτῶν δικαίων1of the righteous
2272MAT2330kkf2ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν1in the days of our fathers

during the time of our forefathers

2273MAT2330nq82οὐκ ἂν ἤμεθα κοινωνοὶ αὐτῶν1we would not have been participants with them

we would not have joined with them

2274MAT2330x99mfigs-metonymyἐν τῷ αἵματι τῶν1in shedding the blood
2275MAT2331l7rlυἱοί ἐστε1you are sons
2276MAT2332bpz8figs-metaphorκαὶ ὑμεῖς πληρώσατε τὸ μέτρον τῶν πατέρων ὑμῶν1You also fill up the measure of your fathers
2277MAT2333va5cfigs-doubletὄφεις, γεννήματα ἐχιδνῶν1You serpents, you offspring of vipers
2278MAT2333blv6γεννήματα ἐχιδνῶν1offspring of vipers
2279MAT2333vi6cfigs-rquestionπῶς φύγητε ἀπὸ τῆς κρίσεως τῆς Γεέννης?1how will you escape the judgment of hell?
2280MAT2334an970Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to rebuke the religious leaders because of their hypocrisy.

2281MAT2334rq8cἐγὼ ἀποστέλλω πρὸς ὑμᾶς προφήτας, καὶ σοφοὺς, καὶ γραμματεῖς1I am sending to you prophets and wise men and scribes
2282MAT2335l7yafigs-idiomἔλθῃ ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς πᾶν αἷμα δίκαιον ἐκχυννόμενον ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς1upon you will come all the righteous blood that has been shed on the earth
2283MAT2335b3a7figs-metonymyἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος ... ἕως τοῦ αἵματος1from the blood ... to the blood
2284MAT2335z95gfigs-merismἊβελ ... Ζαχαρίου1Abel ... Zechariah

Abel was the first righteous victim of murder, and Zechariah, who was murdered by Jews in the temple, was probably thought to be the last. These two men represent all the righteous people who have been murdered. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

2285MAT2335cbq9Ζαχαρίου1Zechariah

This Zechariah was not the father of John the Baptist.

2286MAT2335s11lὃν ἐφονεύσατε1whom you killed

Jesus does not mean the people to whom he is speaking actually killed Zechariah. He means their ancestors did.

2287MAT2336ut4lἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
2288MAT2337w23t0Connecting Statement:

Jesus mourns over the people of Jerusalem because they reject every messenger that God sends to them.

2289MAT2337vne9figs-apostropheἸερουσαλὴμ, Ἰερουσαλήμ1Jerusalem, Jerusalem

Jesus speaks to the people of Jerusalem as though they were the city itself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

2290MAT2337tz4rfigs-activepassiveτοὺς ἀπεσταλμένους πρὸς αὐτήν1those who are sent to you
2291MAT2337t9y7figs-metaphorτὰ τέκνα σου1your children
2292MAT2337xv4tfigs-simileὃν τρόπον ὄρνις ἐπισυνάγει τὰ νοσσία αὐτῆς ὑπὸ τὰς πτέρυγα1just as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings

This is a simile that emphasizes Jesus' love for the people and how he wanted to take care of them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

2293MAT2337as8ptranslate-unknownὄρνις1a hen

a female chicken. You can translate with any bird that protects her children under her wing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

2294MAT2338r6ssἀφίεται ὑμῖν ὁ οἶκος ὑμῶν ἔρημος1your house is left to you desolate

God will leave your house, and it will be empty

2295MAT2338ck2zfigs-metonymyὁ οἶκος ὑμῶν1your house
2296MAT2339i14nλέγω γὰρ ὑμῖν1For I say to you

This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next.

2297MAT2339ig61figs-metonymyεὐλογημένος‘ ὁ ἐρχόμενος ἐν ὀνόματι Κυρίου!1Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!
2298MAT24introh2a20
2299MAT241dh7u0Connecting Statement:

Jesus begins to describe events that will happen before he comes again during the end times.

2300MAT241ke79figs-explicitἀπὸ τοῦ ἱεροῦ1from the temple

It is implied that Jesus was not in the temple itself. He was in the courtyard around the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2301MAT242mh5yfigs-rquestionοὐ βλέπετε ταῦτα πάντα?1Do you not see all these things?
2302MAT242fnv8ἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
2303MAT242l45qfigs-explicitοὐ μὴ ἀφεθῇ ὧδε λίθος ἐπὶ λίθον, ὃς οὐ καταλυθήσεται1certainly one stone will not be left on another here, that will not be torn down
2304MAT243e1isfigs-explicitτί τὸ σημεῖον τῆς σῆς παρουσίας, καὶ συντελείας τοῦ αἰῶνος?1What will be the sign of your coming and of the end of the age?
2305MAT244s64sfigs-metaphorβλέπετε μή τις ὑμᾶς πλανήσῃ1Be careful that no one leads you astray
2306MAT245lq71figs-metonymyπολλοὶ ... ἐλεύσονται ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματί μου1many will come in my name
2307MAT245twh8figs-metaphorπολλοὺς πλανήσουσιν1will lead many astray
2308MAT246hdz3figs-activepassiveὁρᾶτε, μὴ θροεῖσθε1See that you are not troubled
2309MAT247ygf2figs-parallelismἐγερθήσεται γὰρ ἔθνος ἐπὶ ἔθνος, καὶ βασιλεία ἐπὶ βασιλείαν1For nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom

Both of these mean the same thing. Jesus is emphasizing that people everywhere will fight each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

2310MAT248q4glfigs-metaphorἀρχὴ ὠδίνων1the beginning of birth pains

This refers to the pains a woman feels before giving birth to a child. This metaphor means these wars, famines, and earthquakes are just the beginning of the events that will lead to the end of the age. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2311MAT249u5e6παραδώσουσιν ὑμᾶς εἰς θλῖψιν, καὶ ἀποκτενοῦσιν ὑμᾶς1they will deliver you up to tribulation and kill you

people will give you over to the authorities, who will make you suffer and will kill you.

2312MAT249uw1ifigs-activepassiveἔσεσθε μισούμενοι ὑπὸ πάντων τῶν ἐθνῶν1You will be hated by all the nations
2313MAT249u2bdfigs-metonymyδιὰ τὸ ὄνομά μου1for my name's sake
2314MAT2411mi2efigs-idiomἐγερθήσονται1will rise up
2315MAT2411tjb3figs-metaphorκαὶ πλανήσουσιν πολλούς1and lead many astray
2316MAT2412w4affigs-abstractnounsτὸ πληθυνθῆναι τὴν ἀνομίαν1lawlessness will increase
2317MAT2412bu9bfigs-idiomψυγήσεται ἡ ἀγάπη τῶν πολλῶν1the love of many will grow cold
2318MAT2413v3exfigs-activepassiveὁ ... ὑπομείνας εἰς τέλος, οὗτος σωθήσεται1 the one who endures to the end, he will be saved
2319MAT2413l1ppὁ δὲ ὑπομείνας1the ... who endures

the person who stays faithful

2320MAT2413ht34εἰς τέλος1to the end
2321MAT2413lra5τέλος1the end
2322MAT2414x3e6figs-metonymyκηρυχθήσεται τοῦτο τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς βασιλείας1This good news of the kingdom will be preached
2323MAT2414y65sfigs-metonymyπᾶσιν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν1all the nations
2324MAT2415mf1bfigs-activepassiveτὸ‘ βδέλυγμα τῆς ἐρημώσεως’, τὸ ῥηθὲν διὰ Δανιὴλ τοῦ προφήτου1the abomination of desolation, which was spoken of by Daniel the prophet
2325MAT2415lz9pὁ ἀναγινώσκων νοείτω1let the reader understand

This is not Jesus speaking. Matthew added this to alert the reader that Jesus was using words that they would need to think about and interpret.

2326MAT2417iv2jὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ δώματος1let him who is on the housetop

Housetops where Jesus lived were flat, and people could stand on them.

2327MAT2419kq12figs-euphemismταῖς ἐν γαστρὶ ἐχούσαις1those who are with child
2328MAT2419f533ἐν ἐκείναις ταῖς ἡμέραις1in those days

at that time

2329MAT2420u4jbἵνα μὴ γένηται ἡ φυγὴ ὑμῶν1that your flight will not occur
2330MAT2420m6mxχειμῶνος1the winter

the cold season

2331MAT2422vd3zfigs-doublenegativesεἰ μὴ ἐκολοβώθησαν αἱ ἡμέραι ἐκεῖναι, οὐκ ἂν ἐσώθη πᾶσα σάρξ1Unless those days are shortened, no flesh would be saved
2332MAT2422r9qwfigs-synecdocheσάρξ1flesh
2333MAT2422p6m8figs-activepassiveκολοβωθήσονται αἱ ἡμέραι ἐκεῖναι1those days will be shortened
2334MAT2423avv50Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues speaking to his disciples.

2335MAT2423avm2μὴ πιστεύσητε1do not believe it

do not believe the false things they have said to you

2336MAT2424n744ὥστε πλανῆσαι εἰ δυνατὸν καὶ τοὺς ἐκλεκτούς1so as to lead astray, if possible, even the elect
2337MAT2426fmx1figs-quotationsἐὰν ... εἴπωσιν ὑμῖν, ἰδοὺ‘, ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ἐστίν’, μὴ1if they say to you, 'Look, he is in the wilderness,' do not
2338MAT2426zxg2figs-quotationsἰδοὺ‘, ἐν τοῖς ταμείοις1Or, 'See, he is in the inner rooms,'
2339MAT2426n2ptἐν τοῖς ταμείοις1in the inner rooms
2340MAT2427j1w1figs-simileὥσπερ ... ἡ ἀστραπὴ ἐξέρχεται ... οὕτως ἔσται ἡ παρουσία1as the lightning shines out ... so will be the coming

This means that the Son of Man will come very quickly and will be easy to see. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

2341MAT2427za8bfigs-123personτοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1the Son of Man

Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

2342MAT2428mu35writing-proverbsὅπου ἐὰν ᾖ τὸ πτῶμα, ἐκεῖ συναχθήσονται οἱ ἀετοί1Wherever a dead animal is, there the vultures will gather

This is probably a proverb that the people of Jesus' time understood. Possible meanings are 1) when the Son of Man comes, everyone will see him and know that he has come, or 2) wherever spiritually dead people are, false prophets will be there to tell them lies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])

2343MAT2428ivl8οἱ ἀετοί1the vultures

birds that eat the bodies of dead or dying creatures

2344MAT2429zmm6εὐθέως ... μετὰ τὴν θλῖψιν τῶν ἡμερῶν ἐκείνων, ὁ‘ ἥλιος1immediately after the tribulation of those days the sun

as soon as the tribulation of those days has finished, the sun

2345MAT2429l15mτὴν θλῖψιν τῶν ἡμερῶν ἐκείνων1the tribulation of those days

that time of suffering

2346MAT2429zuk4figs-activepassiveὁ‘ ἥλιος σκοτισθήσεται1the sun will be darkened
2347MAT2429w1bifigs-activepassiveαἱ δυνάμεις τῶν οὐρανῶν σαλευθήσονται1the powers of the heavens will be shaken
2348MAT2430yc2xfigs-123personτοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1the Son of Man

Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

2349MAT2430tld8figs-metonymyπᾶσαι αἱ φυλαὶ1all the tribes
2350MAT2431fl54ἀποστελεῖ τοὺς ἀγγέλους αὐτοῦ μετὰ σάλπιγγος‘ μεγάλης1He will send his angels with a great sound of a trumpet
2351MAT2431rlb4figs-123personἀποστελεῖ ... αὐτοῦ1He will send ... his

Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

2352MAT2431wi28ἐπισυνάξουσιν1they will gather together

his angels will gather

2353MAT2431iq8cτοὺς ἐκλεκτοὺς αὐτοῦ1his elect

These are the people whom the Son of Man has chosen.

2354MAT2431ibw7figs-parallelismἐκ τῶν τεσσάρων ἀνέμων, ἀπ’ ἄκρων οὐρανῶν ἕως ἄκρων αὐτῶν1from the four winds, from one end of the sky to the other end of it
2355MAT2433cu5afigs-123personἐγγύς ἐστιν1he is near
2356MAT2433cfz8figs-metaphorἐπὶ θύραις1at the very gates
2357MAT2434j8npἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
2358MAT2434gld5figs-euphemismοὐ μὴ παρέλθῃ ἡ γενεὰ αὕτη1this generation will certainly not pass away
2359MAT2434y73tἡ γενεὰ αὕτη1this generation
2360MAT2434fb4kἕως ἂν πάντα ταῦτα γένηται1until all of these things will have happened

until God causes all these things to happen

2361MAT2434r6skπαρέλθῃ1will ... pass away
2362MAT2435i8vvfigs-synecdocheὁ οὐρανὸς καὶ ἡ γῆ παρελεύσεται1Heaven and the earth will pass away
2363MAT2435e6bffigs-metonymyοἱ ... λόγοι μου οὐ μὴ παρέλθωσιν1my words will never pass away
2364MAT2436q4pjfigs-metonymyτῆς ἡμέρας ἐκείνης καὶ ὥρας1that day and hour
2365MAT2436wq5rοὐδὲ ὁ Υἱός1nor the Son

not even the Son

2366MAT2436p5vuguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΥἱός1Son

This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

2367MAT2436f4s2guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΠατὴρ1Father

This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

2368MAT2437hf51ὥσπερ γὰρ αἱ ἡμέραι τοῦ Νῶε, οὕτως ἔσται ἡ παρουσία τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1For as the days of Noah were, so will be the coming of the Son of Man

At the time when the Son of Man comes, it will be like the time of Noah.

2369MAT2437cpn8figs-123personτοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1the Son of Man

Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

2370MAT2439ffa6καὶ οὐκ ἔγνωσαν1and they knew nothing
2371MAT2439ah5vἦρεν ἅπαντας; οὕτως ἔσται καὶ ἡ παρουσία τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1took them all away—so will be the coming of the Son of Man
2372MAT2440ksk60Connecting Statement:

Jesus begins to tell his disciples to be ready for his return.

2373MAT2440hth3τότε1Then

This is when the Son of Man comes.

2374MAT2440gt4lfigs-activepassiveεἷς παραλαμβάνεται, καὶ εἷς ἀφίεται1one will be taken, and one will be left

Possible meanings are 1) the Son of Man will take one away to heaven and will leave the other on earth for punishment or 2) the angels will take one away for punishment and leave the other for blessing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

2375MAT2442j83iοὖν1Therefore

Because what I have just said is true

2376MAT2442s6irγρηγορεῖτε1be on your guard

pay attention

2377MAT2443ak6afigs-parablesὅτι εἰ ᾔδει ὁ οἰκοδεσπότης, ... διορυχθῆναι τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ1that if the master of the house ... his house to be broken into

Jesus uses a parable of a master and servants to illustrate that his disciples should be prepared for his return. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

2378MAT2443ki5sfigs-metaphorὁ κλέπτης1the thief

Jesus is saying he will come when people are not expecting him, not that he will come to steal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2379MAT2443zs23ἐγρηγόρησεν ἂν1he would have been on guard

he would have guarded his house

2380MAT2443lg7ifigs-activepassiveοὐκ ἂν εἴασεν διορυχθῆναι τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ1would not have allowed his house to be broken into
2381MAT2444gd17figs-123personὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1the Son of Man

Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

2382MAT2445jua30Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues his proverb of a master and servants to illustrate that his disciples should be prepared for his return.

2383MAT2445f92dfigs-rquestionτίς ἄρα ἐστὶν ὁ πιστὸς δοῦλος καὶ φρόνιμος, ὃν ... ἐν καιρῷ?1So who is the faithful and wise servant whom ... at the right time?
2384MAT2445lf8dτοῦ δοῦναι αὐτοῖς τὴν τροφὴν1to give them their food

give the people in the master's home their food

2385MAT2447lin7ἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
2386MAT2448ek9xwriting-proverbs0Connecting Statement:

Jesus concludes his proverb of a master and servants to illustrate that his disciples should be prepared for his return. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])

2387MAT2448f9ftfigs-metonymyεἴπῃ ... ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ1says in his heart
2388MAT2448per6figs-activepassiveχρονίζει‘ μου ὁ κύριος1My master has been delayed
2389MAT2450bz5kfigs-parallelismἐν ἡμέρᾳ ᾗ οὐ προσδοκᾷ, καὶ ἐν ὥρᾳ ᾗ οὐ γινώσκει1on a day that the servant does not expect and at an hour that he does not know

Both of these statements mean the same thing. They emphasize that the master will come when the servant is not expecting him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

2390MAT2451jj2zfigs-idiomδιχοτομήσει αὐτὸν1He will cut him in pieces

This is an idiom that means to make the person suffer terribly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

2391MAT2451pm18τὸ μέρος αὐτοῦ μετὰ τῶν ὑποκριτῶν θήσε1assign his place with the hypocrites
2392MAT2451rwd5translate-symactionἔσται ὁ κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὁ βρυγμὸς τῶν ὀδόντων1there will be weeping and grinding of teeth
2393MAT25introqe8a0

Matthew 25 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter continues the teaching of the previous chapter.

Special concepts in this chapter

The parable of the ten virgins

Jesus told the parable of the ten virgins (Matthew 25:1-13) to tell his followers to be ready for him to return. His hearers could understand the parable because they knew Jewish wedding customs.

When the Jews arranged marriages, they would plan for the wedding to take place weeks or months later. At the proper time, the young man would go to his bride's house, where she would be waiting for him. The wedding ceremony would take place, and then the man and his bride would travel to his home, where there would be a feast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-apocalypticwriting]])

2394MAT251em28figs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus tells a parable about wise and foolish virgins to illustrate that his disciples should be prepared for his return. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

2395MAT251pg5ifigs-metonymyὁμοιωθήσεται ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν1the kingdom of heaven will be like
2396MAT251uhj1λαμπάδας1lamps

These could have been 1) lamps or 2) torches made by putting cloth around the end of a stick and wetting the cloth with oil.

2397MAT252c8nfπέντε ... ἐξ αὐτῶν1Five of them

Five of the virgins

2398MAT253b37aοὐκ ἔλαβον μεθ’ ἑαυτῶν ἔλαιον1did not take any oil with them

had with them only the oil in their lamps

2399MAT255r458δὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Jesus starts to tell a new part of the story.

2400MAT255pvh4figs-activepassiveχρονίζοντος ... τοῦ νυμφίου1while the bridegroom was delayed
2401MAT255qf4bἐνύσταξαν πᾶσαι1they all got sleepy

all ten virgins got sleepy

2402MAT256ufp2κραυγὴ γέγονεν1there was a cry

someone shouted

2403MAT257a3mzfigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

2404MAT257ni6uἐκόσμησαν τὰς λαμπάδας ἑαυτῶν1trimmed their lamps

adjusted their lamps so they would burn brightly

2405MAT258tsh4figs-nominaladjαἱ ... μωραὶ ταῖς φρονίμοις εἶπον1The foolish said to the wise
2406MAT258i1r7figs-idiomαἱ λαμπάδες ἡμῶν σβέννυνται1our lamps are going out
2407MAT2510q6q9figs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus concludes the parable about the ten virgins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

2408MAT2510rfh6ἀπερχομένων δὲ αὐτῶν1While they went away

the five foolish virgins went away

2409MAT2510jej8figs-ellipsisἀγοράσαι1to buy
2410MAT2510t229αἱ ἕτοιμοι1those who were ready

These are the virgins who had extra oil.

2411MAT2510g29ifigs-activepassiveἐκλείσθη ἡ θύρα1the door was shut
2412MAT2511e5pzfigs-explicitἄνοιξον ἡμῖν1open for us
2413MAT2512z5u1ἀμὴν‘, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
2414MAT2512h4a8οὐκ οἶδα ὑμᾶς1I do not know you
2415MAT2513hn7wfigs-metonymyοὐκ οἴδατε τὴν ἡμέραν, οὐδὲ τὴν ὥραν1you do not know the day or the hour
2416MAT2514cn21figs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus tells a parable about faithful and unfaithful servants to illustrate that his disciples should remain faithful during his absence and be prepared for his return. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

2417MAT2514zqi2ὥσπερ1it is like
2418MAT2514wv71ἀποδημῶν1going on a journey
2419MAT2514vhw1παρέδωκεν αὐτοῖς τὰ ὑπάρχοντα αὐτοῦ1gave them his wealth

put them in charge of his wealth

2420MAT2514fmb3τὰ ὑπάρχοντα αὐτοῦ1his wealth

his property

2421MAT2515i81utranslate-bmoneyπέντε τάλαντα1five talents
2422MAT2515vyj2figs-ellipsisᾧ δὲ δύο ... ἕν1to another he gave two ... he gave one talent
2423MAT2515d87ufigs-explicitκατὰ τὴν ἰδίαν δύναμιν1according to his own ability
2424MAT2516qkr2ἐκέρδησεν ἄλλα πέντε τάλαντα1made another five talents

out of his investments, he earned another five talents

2425MAT2517m2l8figs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling a parable about the servants and the talents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])

2426MAT2517u4vsἐκέρδησεν ἄλλα δύο1gained another two

earned another two talents

2427MAT2519ik5qfigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling the parable about the servants and the talents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])

2428MAT2519vc9pδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Jesus starts to tell a new part of the story.

2429MAT2520adz4πέντε τάλαντα ἐκέρδησα1I have made five talents more

I have earned five more talents

2430MAT2520ttf7translate-bmoneyτάλαντα1talents
2431MAT2521l5mgεὖ1Well done
2432MAT2521d2s9figs-idiomεἴσελθε εἰς τὴν χαρὰν τοῦ κυρίου σου1Enter into the joy of your master
2433MAT2522yhi1figs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling the parable about the servants and the talents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])

2434MAT2522n2xcδύο τάλαντα ἐκέρδησα1I have made two more talents

I have earned two more talents

2435MAT2523hsb6εὖ1Well done
2436MAT2523plv7figs-idiomεἴσελθε εἰς τὴν χαρὰν τοῦ κυρίου σου1Enter into the joy of your master
2437MAT2524ial6figs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling the parable about the servants and the talents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])

2438MAT2524m8anfigs-parallelismθερίζων ὅπου οὐκ ἔσπειρας, καὶ συνάγων ὅθεν οὐ διεσκόρπισας1You reap where you did not sow, and you harvest where you did not scatter
2439MAT2524au9fδιεσκόρπισας1scatter
2440MAT2525wl5cἴδε, ἔχεις τὸ σόν1See, you have here what belongs to you

Look, here is what is yours

2441MAT2526hj83figs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues telling a parable about the servants and the talents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])

2442MAT2526l3jzπονηρὲ‘ δοῦλε καὶ ὀκνηρέ! ᾔδεις1You wicked and lazy servant, you knew

You are a wicked servant who does not want to work. You knew

2443MAT2526he3hfigs-parallelismθερίζω ὅπου οὐκ ἔσπειρα, καὶ συνάγω ὅθεν οὐ διεσκόρπισα1I reap where I have not sowed and harvest where I have not scattered
2444MAT2527rhg9figs-ellipsisἐκομισάμην ἂν τὸ ἐμὸν1would have received back my money
2445MAT2527n7jdτόκῳ1interest

payment from the banker for the temporary use of the master's money

2446MAT2528qm6xfigs-parables0Connecting Statement:

Jesus concludes the parable about the servants and the talents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])

2447MAT2528paw8ἄρατε οὖν ... τὸ τάλαντον1take away the talent

The master is speaking to other servants.

2448MAT2528b1getranslate-bmoneyτὸ τάλαντον1the talent
2449MAT2529e5pyfigs-explicitτῷ ... ἔχοντι1to everyone who possesses
2450MAT2529r7lvκαὶ περισσευθήσεται1even more abundantly

even much more

2451MAT2529pcr5figs-explicitτοῦ δὲ μὴ ἔχοντος1from anyone who does not possess anything
2452MAT2529mdc1figs-activepassiveἀρθήσεται1will be taken away
2453MAT2530c2vbfigs-metonymyτὸ σκότος τὸ ἐξώτερον1the outer darkness
2454MAT2530zy3ktranslate-symactionὁ κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὁ βρυγμὸς τῶν ὀδόντων1weeping and grinding of teeth
2455MAT2531qtg60Connecting Statement:

Jesus begins to tell his disciples how he will judge people when he returns at the end time.

2456MAT2531e7umfigs-123personὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1the Son of Man

Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

2457MAT2532f2w9figs-activepassiveκαὶ συναχθήσονται ἔμπροσθεν αὐτοῦ πάντα τὰ ἔθνη1Before him will be gathered all the nations
2458MAT2532kd14ἔμπροσθεν αὐτοῦ1Before him

In front of him

2459MAT2532ndf5figs-metonymyπάντα τὰ ἔθνη1all the nations
2460MAT2532nk18figs-simileὥσπερ ὁ ποιμὴν ἀφορίζει τὰ πρόβατα ἀπὸ τῶν ἐρίφων1as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats

Jesus uses a simile to describe how he will separate the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

2461MAT2533pbq9figs-metaphorκαὶ στήσει τὰ μὲν πρόβατα ἐκ δεξιῶν αὐτοῦ, τὰ δὲ ἐρίφια ἐξ εὐωνύμων1He will place the sheep on his right hand, but the goats on his left

This is a metaphor that means the Son of Man will separate all people. He will put the righteous people at his right side, and he will put the sinners at his left side. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2462MAT2534t8ppfigs-123personὁ Βασιλεὺς ... δεξιῶν αὐτοῦ1the King ... his right hand
2463MAT2534ze81figs-activepassiveδεῦτε‘ οἱ εὐλογημένοι τοῦ Πατρός μου1Come, you who have been blessed by my Father
2464MAT2534h2k9guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Πατρός μου1my Father

This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

2465MAT2534b57rfigs-activepassiveκληρονομήσατε τὴν ἡτοιμασμένην ὑμῖν βασιλείαν1inherit the kingdom prepared for you
2466MAT2534yj1pfigs-metonymyκληρονομήσατε τὴν ἡτοιμασμένην ὑμῖν βασιλείαν1inherit the kingdom prepared for you
2467MAT2534cdi8ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου1from the foundation of the world

since he first created the world

2468MAT2537yh3pfigs-nominaladjοἱ δίκαιοι1the righteous
2469MAT2537cs5dfigs-ellipsisἢ διψῶντα1Or thirsty
2470MAT2538h52xfigs-ellipsisἢ γυμνὸν1Or naked
2471MAT2540m6mifigs-123personὁ Βασιλεὺς1the King

This is another title for the Son of Man. Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

2472MAT2540i2aqἐρεῖ αὐτοῖς1say to them

say to those at his right hand

2473MAT2540mhe2ἀμὴν‘, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
2474MAT2540acs3ἑνὶ ... τῶν ἐλαχίστων1one of the least

one of the least important

2475MAT2540nh4yfigs-gendernotationsτούτων τῶν ἀδελφῶν μου1these brothers of mine
2476MAT2540k4hbἐμοὶ ἐποιήσατε1you did it for me

I consider that you did it for me

2477MAT2541z1nhfigs-123personτότε ἐρεῖ1Then he will say
2478MAT2541pr8nκατηραμένοι1you cursed

you people whom God has cursed

2479MAT2541hqf5figs-activepassiveτὸ πῦρ τὸ αἰώνιον, τὸ ἡτοιμασμένον1the eternal fire that has been prepared
2480MAT2541g51uτοῖς ἀγγέλοις αὐτοῦ1his angels

his helpers

2481MAT2543g6ecfigs-ellipsisγυμνὸς καὶ οὐ περιεβάλετέ με1naked, but you did not clothe me
2482MAT2543tq4xfigs-ellipsisἀσθενὴς καὶ ἐν φυλακῇ1sick and in prison
2483MAT2544f3dc0General Information:

This is the end of the part of the story that began in Matthew 23:1, where Jesus teaches about salvation and the final judgment.

2484MAT2544zyc50Connecting Statement:

Jesus finishes telling his disciples how he will judge people when he returns at the end time.

2485MAT2544hiy6ἀποκριθήσονται καὶ αὐτοὶ1they will also answer

those on his left will also answer

2486MAT2545nm2eἑνὶ τούτων τῶν ἐλαχίστων1for one of the least of these

for any of the least important ones of my people

2487MAT2545whu5οὐδὲ ἐμοὶ ἐποιήσατε.1you did not do for me
2488MAT2546m6meκαὶ ἀπελεύσονται οὗτοι εἰς κόλασιν αἰώνιον1These will go away into eternal punishment

The King will send these to a place where they will receive punishment that never ends

2489MAT2546nj72figs-ellipsisοἱ δὲ δίκαιοι εἰς ζωὴν1but the righteous into eternal life
2490MAT2546kq5bfigs-nominaladjοἱ ... δίκαιοι1the righteous
2491MAT26intromtq80
2492MAT261t5mz0General Information:

This is the beginning of a new part of the story that tells of Jesus' crucifixion, death, and resurrection. Here he tells his disciples how he will suffer and die.

2493MAT261i35cκαὶ ἐγένετο ὅτε1It came about that when
2494MAT261xiv4πάντας τοὺς λόγους τούτους1all these words

This refers to all that Jesus taught starting in Matthew 24:3.

2495MAT262g4lhfigs-activepassiveὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου παραδίδοται εἰς τὸ σταυρωθῆναι1the Son of Man will be delivered up to be crucified
2496MAT262r9pxfigs-123personὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1the Son of Man

Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

2497MAT263wew3writing-background0Connecting Statement:

These verses give background information about the Jewish leaders' plot to arrest and kill Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

2498MAT263eps8figs-activepassiveσυνήχθησαν1were gathered together
2499MAT264hi4xτὸν Ἰησοῦν δόλῳ1Jesus stealthily

Jesus secretly

2500MAT265u4fhfigs-ellipsisμὴ ἐν τῇ ἑορτῇ1Not during the feast
2501MAT265s9p7ἐν τῇ ἑορτῇ1the feast

This is the yearly Passover feast.

2502MAT266v2up0Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of a woman pouring expensive oil on Jesus before his death.

2503MAT266zq3jδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story.

2504MAT266hg3sfigs-explicitΣίμωνος τοῦ λεπροῦ1Simon the leper

It is implied that this is a man whom Jesus had healed from leprosy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2505MAT267ukb9ἀνακειμένου1he was reclining at table
2506MAT267yxf8προσῆλθεν αὐτῷ γυνὴ1a woman came to him

a woman came to Jesus

2507MAT267bhs8translate-unknownἀλάβαστρον1an alabaster jar

This is a costly container made of soft stone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

2508MAT267yu67μύρου1ointment

oil that has a pleasing smell

2509MAT267ea5eκατέχεεν ἐπὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς αὐτοῦ1she poured it upon his head

The woman does this to honor Jesus.

2510MAT268vit4figs-rquestionεἰς τί ἡ ἀπώλεια αὕτη?1What is the reason for this waste?
2511MAT269y83efigs-activepassiveἐδύνατο γὰρ τοῦτο πραθῆναι πολλοῦ καὶ δοθῆναι1This could have been sold for a large amount and given
2512MAT269f76hfigs-nominaladjπτωχοῖς1to the poor
2513MAT2610pfv1figs-rquestionτί κόπους παρέχετε τῇ γυναικί?1Why are you causing trouble for this woman?
2514MAT2610fg3vfigs-youπαρέχετε1are you causing
2515MAT2611wsp9figs-nominaladjτοὺς πτωχοὺς1the poor
2516MAT2612vk5wτὸ μύρον1ointment

This is oil that has a pleasing smell. See how you translated this in Matthew 26:7.

2517MAT2613xs1wἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
2518MAT2613g45lfigs-activepassiveὅπου ἐὰν κηρυχθῇ τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τοῦτο1wherever this good news is preached
2519MAT2613s12mfigs-activepassiveλαληθήσεται καὶ ὃ ἐποίησεν αὕτη εἰς μνημόσυνον αὐτῆς1what this woman has done will also be spoken of in memory of her
2520MAT2614i3dy0Connecting Statement:

Judas Iscariot agrees to help the Jewish leaders arrest and kill Jesus.

2521MAT2615es4bκἀγὼ ὑμῖν παραδώσω αὐτόν1if I betray him to you

to bring Jesus to you

2522MAT2615x7zxτριάκοντα ἀργύρια1thirty pieces of silver

Since these words are the same as those in an Old Testament prophecy, keep this form instead of changing it to modern money.

2523MAT2615lyl7translate-numbersτριάκοντα ἀργύρια1thirty pieces of silver
2524MAT2616w1e4ἵνα αὐτὸν παραδῷ1to betray him

to give him over to them

2525MAT2617e7wc0Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of Jesus celebrating the Passover with his disciples.

2526MAT2617f3s2δὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story.

2527MAT2618hc78figs-quotesinquotes
2528MAT2618r4tgὁ καιρός μου1My time
2529MAT2618a4i5figs-idiomἐγγύς ἐστιν1is near
2530MAT2618j9pzποιῶ τὸ Πάσχα1I will keep the Passover
2531MAT2620bga4ἀνέκειτο1he reclined to eat

Use the word for the position people in your culture usually are in when they eat.

2532MAT2621ehx6ἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν1Truly I say to you
2533MAT2622n12rfigs-rquestionμήτι ἐγώ εἰμι, Κύριε?1Surely not I, Lord?
2534MAT2624n7dwfigs-123personὁ μὲν Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1The Son of Man

Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

2535MAT2624x2n9figs-euphemismὑπάγει1will go
2536MAT2624vix3figs-activepassiveκαθὼς γέγραπται περὶ αὐτοῦ1just as it is written about him
2537MAT2624hai5figs-activepassiveτῷ ἀνθρώπῳ ἐκείνῳ δι’ οὗ ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου παραδίδοται1that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed
2538MAT2625vpq1figs-rquestionμήτι ἐγώ εἰμι, Ῥαββεί?1Surely it is not I, Rabbi?
2539MAT2625y9lkfigs-idiomσὺ εἶπας1You have said it yourself
2540MAT2626qh160Connecting Statement:

Jesus institutes the Lord's Supper as he celebrates the Passover with his disciples.

2541MAT2626mr5uλαβὼν ... εὐλογήσας ἔκλασεν1took ... blessed ... broke

See how you translated these words in Matthew 14:19.

2542MAT2627jd53καὶ λαβὼν1He took
2543MAT2627tn39figs-metonymyποτήριον1a cup
2544MAT2627zb1iἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς1gave it to them

gave it to the disciples

2545MAT2627a9meπίετε ἐξ αὐτοῦ1Drink from it

Drink the wine from this cup

2546MAT2628l55aτοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν τὸ αἷμά μου1For this is my blood

For this wine is my blood

2547MAT2628ct81τὸ αἷμά ... τῆς διαθήκης1blood of the covenant
2548MAT2628bms3figs-activepassiveἐκχυννόμενον1is poured out
2549MAT2629l556λέγω ... ὑμῖν1I say to you

This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next.

2550MAT2629h85bfigs-idiomτοῦ γενήματος τῆς ἀμπέλου1the fruit of the vine
2551MAT2629q8zsfigs-metonymyἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τοῦ Πατρός μου1in my Father's kingdom
2552MAT2629m9vqguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Πατρός μου1my Father's

This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

2553MAT2630nzy20General Information:

In verse 31, Jesus quotes the prophet Zechariah to show that in order to fulfill prophecy, all of his disciples will leave him.

2554MAT2630nkw20Connecting Statement:

Jesus continues to teach his disciples as they walk to the Mount of Olives.

2555MAT2630ed5kκαὶ ὑμνήσαντες1When they had sung a hymn

a song of praise to God

2556MAT2631v8ylσκανδαλισθήσεσθε1will fall away

leave me

2557MAT2631iap6figs-activepassiveγέγραπται γάρ1for it is written
2558MAT2631u1t5figs-explicitπατάξω1I will strike
2559MAT2631mc1efigs-metaphorτὸν ποιμένα ... τὰ πρόβατα τῆς ποίμνης1the shepherd ... the sheep of the flock

These are metaphors that refer to Jesus and the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2560MAT2631rvk1figs-activepassiveδιασκορπισθήσονται τὰ πρόβατα τῆς ποίμνης1the sheep of the flock will be scattered
2561MAT2632pj2ufigs-activepassiveμετὰ ... τὸ ἐγερθῆναί, με1after I am raised up
2562MAT2633m2unσκανδαλισθήσονται1fall away

See how you translated this in Matthew 26:31.

2563MAT2634sf9xἀμὴν, λέγω σοι1Truly I say to you
2564MAT2634ui4yfigs-metonymyπρὶν ἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι1before the rooster crows
2565MAT2634lx5iἀλέκτορα1rooster

a male chicken, a bird that calls out loudly around the time the sun comes up

2566MAT2634h66wφωνῆσαι1crows

This is the common English word for what a rooster does to make his loud call.

2567MAT2634b2rhτρὶς ἀπαρνήσῃ με1you will deny me three times

you will say three times that you are not my follower

2568MAT2636lm3n0Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of Jesus praying in Gethsemane.

2569MAT2637ny4mἤρξατο λυπεῖσθαι1began to become sorrowful

he became very sad

2570MAT2638gf7kfigs-synecdocheπερίλυπός ἐστιν ἡ ψυχή μου1My soul is deeply sorrowful
2571MAT2638c43tfigs-idiomἕως θανάτου1even to death
2572MAT2639kcz4figs-idiomἔπεσεν ἐπὶ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ1fell on his face

He purposely lay face down on the ground to pray. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

2573MAT2639nuv7guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΠάτερ μου1My Father

This is an important title for God that shows the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

2574MAT2639f254figs-metaphorπαρελθέτω ἀπ’ ἐμοῦ τὸ ποτήριον τοῦτο1let this cup pass from me
2575MAT2639i7rrfigs-metonymyτὸ ποτήριον τοῦτο1this cup
2576MAT2639k5infigs-ellipsisπλὴν οὐχ ὡς ἐγὼ θέλω, ἀλλ’ ὡς σύ1Yet, not as I will, but as you will
2577MAT2640ev7sfigs-you
2578MAT2640c11afigs-rquestionοὕτως οὐκ ἰσχύσατε μίαν ὥραν γρηγορῆσαι μετ’ ἐμοῦ?1So, could you not watch with me for one hour?
2579MAT2641buv4figs-abstractnounsμὴ εἰσέλθητε εἰς πειρασμόν1you do not enter into temptation
2580MAT2641ny5wfigs-metonymyτὸ μὲν πνεῦμα πρόθυμον, ἡ δὲ σὰρξ ἀσθενής1The spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak
2581MAT2642pz9lἀπελθὼν1He went away

Jesus went away

2582MAT2642tqp8translate-ordinalἐκ δευτέρου1a second time

The first time is described in Matthew 26:39. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])

2583MAT2642ch7tguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΠάτερ μου1My Father

This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

2584MAT2642b6cnfigs-metaphorεἰ οὐ δύναται τοῦτο παρελθεῖν, ἐὰν μὴ αὐτὸ πίω1if this cannot pass away unless I drink it
2585MAT2642td6gfigs-metaphorεἰ ... τοῦτο1if this
2586MAT2642i135figs-metaphorἐὰν μὴ αὐτὸ πίω1unless I drink it
2587MAT2642xsk1figs-activepassiveγενηθήτω τὸ θέλημά σου1your will be done
2588MAT2643lts9figs-idiomἦσαν ... αὐτῶν οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ βεβαρημένοι1their eyes were heavy
2589MAT2644v3i9translate-ordinalἐκ τρίτου1a third time

The first time is described in Matthew 26:39. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])

2590MAT2645vvp9figs-rquestionκαθεύδετε τὸ λοιπὸν καὶ ἀναπαύεσθε?1Are you still sleeping and taking your rest?
2591MAT2645rw3rfigs-idiomἤγγικεν ἡ ὥρα1the hour is approaching
2592MAT2645g9hifigs-activepassiveὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου παραδίδοται1the Son of Man is being betrayed
2593MAT2645ell4figs-123personὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1the Son of Man

Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

2594MAT2645g9ebfigs-metonymyπαραδίδοται εἰς χεῖρας ἁμαρτωλῶν1is being betrayed into the hands of sinners
2595MAT2645yx8vἰδοὺ1Look

Pay attention to what I am about to tell you

2596MAT2647hsv70Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of when Judas betrayed Jesus and the religious leaders arrested him.

2597MAT2647rlp9καὶ ἔτι αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος1While he was still speaking

While Jesus was still speaking

2598MAT2647e26hξύλων1clubs

large pieces of hard wood for hitting people

2599MAT2648qb4ywriting-backgroundδὲ ... κρατήσατε αὐτόν1Now ... Seize him
2600MAT2648gw8mfigs-quotations
2601MAT2648m23zὃν ἂν φιλήσω1Whomever I kiss
2602MAT2648nr34φιλήσω1I kiss

This was a respectful way to greet one's teacher.

2603MAT2649uig8προσελθὼν τῷ Ἰησοῦ1he came up to Jesus

Judas came up to Jesus

2604MAT2649cyb7κατεφίλησεν αὐτόν1he kissed him
2605MAT2650w3d6τότε προσελθόντες1Then they came
2606MAT2650vmd1ἐπέβαλον τὰς χεῖρας ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰησοῦν, καὶ ἐκράτησαν αὐτόν1laid hands on Jesus, and seized him

grabbed Jesus, and arrested him

2607MAT2651vm6sκαὶ ἰδοὺ1Behold
2608MAT2652tj6nfigs-metonymyοἱ λαβόντες μάχαιραν1those who take up the sword
2609MAT2652w357μάχαιραν, ἐν μαχαίρῃ ἀπολοῦνται1the sword will perish by the sword
2610MAT2653kgx8figs-rquestionἢ δοκεῖς ὅτι οὐ δύναμαι παρακαλέσαι ... ἀγγέλων1Or do you think that I could not call upon ... angels?
2611MAT2653eb7ifigs-youδοκεῖς1do you think
2612MAT2653g3zqguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτὸν Πατέρα μου1my Father

This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

2613MAT2653tfw8translate-numbersπλείω δώδεκα λεγιῶνας ἀγγέλων1more than twelve legions of angels
2614MAT2654teq5figs-rquestionπῶς οὖν πληρωθῶσιν αἱ Γραφαὶ, ὅτι οὕτως δεῖ γενέσθαι?1But how then would the scriptures be fulfilled, that this must happen?
2615MAT2655yf4pfigs-rquestionὡς ἐπὶ λῃστὴν ἐξήλθατε μετὰ μαχαιρῶν καὶ ξύλων συνλαβεῖν με?1Have you come out with swords and clubs to seize me, as against a robber?
2616MAT2655q9vqξύλων1clubs

large pieces of hard wood for hitting people

2617MAT2655e8dqfigs-explicitἐν τῷ ἱερῷ1in the temple

It is implied that Jesus was not in the actual temple. He was in the courtyard around the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2618MAT2656ygn7figs-activepassiveπληρωθῶσιν αἱ Γραφαὶ τῶν προφητῶν1the writings of the prophets might be fulfilled
2619MAT2656i2jpἀφέντες αὐτὸν1left him

If your language has a word that means they left him when they should have stayed with him, use it here.

2620MAT2657f6nj0Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of Jesus' trial before the council of Jewish religious leaders.

2621MAT2658jui3ὁ δὲ Πέτρος ἠκολούθει αὐτῷ1But Peter followed him

Peter followed Jesus

2622MAT2658isd4τῆς αὐλῆς τοῦ ἀρχιερέως1the courtyard of the high priest

an open area near the high priest's house

2623MAT2658v8thκαὶ εἰσελθὼν ἔσω1He went inside

Peter went inside

2624MAT2659i8jwδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story.

2625MAT2659jwz5αὐτὸν θανατώσωσιν1they might put him to death
2626MAT2659u6v9αὐτὸν θανατώσωσιν1they might put him to death

might have a reason to execute him

2627MAT2660m6n5προσελθόντες δύο1two came forward
2628MAT2661a8lfwriting-quotations
2629MAT2661i5n4οὗτος ἔφη1This man said

This man Jesus said

2630MAT2661mbq1διὰ τριῶν ἡμερῶν1in three days
2631MAT2662v6j9τί οὗτοί σου καταμαρτυροῦσιν?1What is it that they are testifying against you?
2632MAT2663mm28guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ1the Son of God

This is an important title that describes the relationship between the Christ and God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

2633MAT2663lry9τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ ζῶντος1the living God
2634MAT2664gi6vfigs-idiomσὺ εἶπας1You have said it yourself
2635MAT2664zu47figs-youπλὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, ἀπ’ ἄρτι ὄψεσθε1But I tell you, from now on you will see
2636MAT2664ll8rἀπ’ ἄρτι ὄψεσθε τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1from now on you will see the Son of Man
2637MAT2664b6cbfigs-123personτὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου1the Son of Man

Jesus is speaking about himself in third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

2638MAT2664p5pxfigs-metonymyκαθήμενον‘ ἐκ δεξιῶν’ τῆς δυνάμεως1sitting at the right hand of the Power
2639MAT2664urp9ἐρχόμενον‘ ἐπὶ τῶν νεφελῶν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ1coming on the clouds of heaven

riding to earth on the clouds of heaven

2640MAT2665srg6translate-symactionὁ ἀρχιερεὺς διέρρηξεν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ1the high priest tore his clothes

Tearing clothing was a sign of anger and sadness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

2641MAT2665qq51figs-explicitἐβλασφήμησεν1He has spoken blasphemy

The reason the high priest called Jesus' statement blasphemy is probably that he understood Jesus' words in Matthew 26:64 as a claim to be equal with God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2642MAT2665t68tfigs-rquestionτί ἔτι χρείαν ἔχομεν μαρτύρων?1Why do we still need witnesses?
2643MAT2665wh4hfigs-youνῦν ἠκούσατε1now you have heard
2644MAT2667adc2τότε ἐνέπτυσαν1Then they spit
2645MAT2667g1c2ἐνέπτυσαν εἰς τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ1they spit in his face

This was done as an insult.

2646MAT2668f2bjπροφήτευσον ἡμῖν1Prophesy to us
2647MAT2668b5xefigs-ironyΧριστέ1Christ

Those hitting Jesus do not really think he is the Christ. They call him this to mock him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])

2648MAT2669bsb30General Information:

These events happen at the same time as Jesus' trial before the religious leaders.

2649MAT2669h5ts0Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of how Peter denies three times that he knows Jesus, as Jesus said he would do.

2650MAT2669y21lδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story.

2651MAT2670sp1tοὐκ οἶδα τί λέγεις1I do not know what you are talking about

Peter was able to understand what the servant girl was saying. He used these words to deny that he had been with Jesus.

2652MAT2671ief5ἐξελθόντα δὲ1When he went out

When Peter went out

2653MAT2671gyw8τὸν πυλῶνα1the gateway

opening in the wall around a courtyard

2654MAT2671s7c4λέγει τοῖς ἐκεῖ1said to those there

said to the people who were sitting there

2655MAT2672e5xl
2656MAT2673hde3ἐξ αὐτῶν1one of them

one of those who were with Jesus

2657MAT2673w8wwγὰρ ἡ λαλιά σου δῆλόν σε ποιεῖ1for your speech gives you away
2658MAT2674edd8καταθεματίζειν1to curse

to call down a curse on himself

2659MAT2674w87bἀλέκτωρ ἐφώνησεν1a rooster crowed
2660MAT2675nx3jfigs-quotations
2661MAT27introdeu40
2662MAT271hvr40Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of Jesus' trial before Pilate.

2663MAT271qe1sδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story.

2664MAT271cm46figs-explicitσυμβούλιον ἔλαβον ... κατὰ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ, ὥστε θανατῶσαι αὐτόν1plotted against Jesus to put him to death

The Jewish leaders were planning how they could convince the Roman leaders to kill Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2665MAT273vzf9figs-events0General Information:

This event happened after Jesus' trial in front of the council of Jewish religious leaders, but we do not know if it happened before or during Jesus' trial before Pilate. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]])

2666MAT273bk8i0Connecting Statement:

The author has stopped telling the story of Jesus' trial so he can tell the story of how Judas killed himself.

2667MAT273qm12τότε ἰδὼν Ἰούδας1Then when Judas saw

If your language has a way of showing that a new story is starting, you may want to use that here.

2668MAT273v9vjfigs-activepassiveὅτι κατεκρίθη1that Jesus had been condemned
2669MAT273pe4nτὰ τριάκοντα ἀργύρια1the thirty pieces of silver

This was the money that the chief priests had given Judas to betray Jesus. See how you translated it in Matthew 26:15.

2670MAT274f6u8figs-idiomαἷμα ἀθῷον1innocent blood
2671MAT274mf6bfigs-rquestionτί πρὸς ἡμᾶς?1What is that to us?
2672MAT275tuh4ῥίψας τὰ ἀργύρια εἰς τὸν ναὸν1he threw down the pieces of silver in the temple

Possible meanings are 1) he threw the pieces of silver while in the temple courtyard, or 2) he was standing in the temple courtyard, and he threw the pieces of silver into the temple.

2673MAT276r5r9οὐκ ἔξεστιν βαλεῖν αὐτὰ1It is not lawful to put this

Our laws do not allow us to put this

2674MAT276ce2xβαλεῖν αὐτὰ1to put this

put this silver

2675MAT276gtp3figs-explicitτὸν κορβανᾶν1the treasury

This is the place they kept the money they used to provide for things needed for the temple and the priests. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2676MAT276j2l8figs-idiomτιμὴ αἵματός1the price of blood
2677MAT277mtg6τὸν Ἀγρὸν τοῦ Κεραμέως1the potter's field

This was a field that was bought to bury strangers who died in Jerusalem.

2678MAT278nts8figs-activepassiveἐκλήθη ὁ ἀγρὸς ἐκεῖνος1that field has been called
2679MAT278ag2nἕως τῆς σήμερον1to this day

This means to the time that Matthew is writing this book.

2680MAT279g1gc0General Information:

The author quotes Old Testament scripture to show that Judas' suicide was a fulfillment of prophecy.

2681MAT279rj3ufigs-activepassiveτότε ἐπληρώθη τὸ ῥηθὲν διὰ Ἰερεμίου τοῦ προφήτου1Then that which had been spoken by Jeremiah the prophet was fulfilled
2682MAT279t1djfigs-activepassive
2683MAT279d7l7figs-metonymyυἱῶν Ἰσραήλ1the sons of Israel
2684MAT2710c2chσυνέταξέν μοι1had directed me
2685MAT2711pjc50Connecting Statement:

This continues the story of Jesus' trial before Pilate, which began in Matthew 27:2.

2686MAT2711we3aδὲ1Now

If your language has a way of continuing a story after a break from the main story line, you may want to use it here.

2687MAT2711a2e7τοῦ ἡγεμόνος1the governor

Pilate

2688MAT2711a6cmfigs-explicitαὐτῷ σὺ λέγεις1It is as you say
2689MAT2712vl3afigs-activepassiveκαὶ ἐν τῷ κατηγορεῖσθαι αὐτὸν ὑπὸ τῶν ἀρχιερέων καὶ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων1But when he was accused by the chief priests and elders
2690MAT2713wn2rfigs-rquestionοὐκ ἀκούεις πόσα σου καταμαρτυροῦσιν?1Do you not hear all the charges against you?
2691MAT2714hbm8οὐκ ἀπεκρίθη αὐτῷ πρὸς οὐδὲ ἓν ῥῆμα, ὥστε θαυμάζειν τὸν ἡγεμόνα λίαν1did not answer him even one charge, so that the governor was greatly amazed
2692MAT2715jjp8writing-backgroundδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line so Matthew can give information to help the reader understand what happens beginning in Matthew 27:17. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

2693MAT2715p1haἑορτὴν1the feast

This is the feast for the Passover celebration.

2694MAT2715pfk6figs-activepassiveἕνα τῷ ὄχλῳ δέσμιον, ὃν ἤθελον1to the crowd one prisoner whom they chose
2695MAT2716q2iuεἶχον ... δέσμιον ἐπίσημον1they had a notorious prisoner

there was a notorious prisoner

2696MAT2716svr2ἐπίσημον1notorious

well known for doing something bad

2697MAT2717d8hvfigs-activepassiveσυνηγμένων ... αὐτῶν1when they were gathered together
2698MAT2717wrl3figs-activepassiveἸησοῦν, τὸν λεγόμενον Χριστόν1Jesus who is called Christ
2699MAT2718jq3cπαρέδωκαν αὐτόν1they had handed Jesus over to him
2700MAT2719t3mxκαθημένου δὲ αὐτοῦ1But while he was sitting

While Pilate was sitting

2701MAT2719s5pcκαθημένου ... ἐπὶ τοῦ βήματος1was sitting on the judgment seat
2702MAT2719w4i8ἀπέστειλεν1sent word

sent a message

2703MAT2719an95πολλὰ ... ἔπαθον σήμερον1I have suffered much today

I have been very upset today

2704MAT2720ax1iwriting-backgroundδὲ ... τὸν δὲ Ἰησοῦν ἀπολέσωσιν1Now ... but have Jesus killed
2705MAT2720et2mfigs-activepassiveτὸν δὲ Ἰησοῦν ἀπολέσωσιν1but have Jesus killed
2706MAT2721x6vfεἶπεν αὐτοῖς1said to them

asked the crowd

2707MAT2722zl85figs-activepassiveτὸν λεγόμενον Χριστόν1who is called Christ
2708MAT2723m5jmἐποίησεν1has he done

has Jesus done

2709MAT2723nb7pοἱ ... ἔκραζον1they cried out

the crowd cried out

2710MAT2724yj8ttranslate-symactionἀπενίψατο τὰς χεῖρας ἀπέναντι τοῦ ὄχλου1washed his hands in front of the crowd

Pilate does this as a sign that he is not responsible for Jesus' death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

2711MAT2724u1fefigs-metonymyτοῦ αἵματος1the blood
2712MAT2724de8wὑμεῖς ὄψεσθε1See to it yourselves

This is your responsibility

2713MAT2725n5k1figs-metonymyτὸ αἷμα αὐτοῦ ἐφ’ ἡμᾶς καὶ ἐπὶ τὰ τέκνα ἡμῶν1May his blood be on us and our children
2714MAT2726yb5yτότε ἀπέλυσεν αὐτοῖς τὸν Βαραββᾶν1Then he released Barabbas to them

Then Pilate released Barabbas to the crowd

2715MAT2726m63dfigs-explicitτὸν δὲ Ἰησοῦν φραγελλώσας, παρέδωκεν ἵνα σταυρωθῇ1but he scourged Jesus and handed him over to be crucified
2716MAT2726y3kfτὸν ... Ἰησοῦν φραγελλώσας1he scourged Jesus
2717MAT2727zz450Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of Jesus' crucifixion and death.

2718MAT2727bn22τὴν σπεῖραν1the company of soldiers

group of soldiers

2719MAT2728nx81καὶ ἐκδύσαντες αὐτὸν1They stripped him

pulled off his clothes

2720MAT2728qsz5κοκκίνην1scarlet

bright red

2721MAT2729yw94στέφανον ἐξ ἀκανθῶν1a crown of thorns
2722MAT2729dlz7κάλαμον ἐν τῇ δεξιᾷ αὐτοῦ1a staff in his right hand

They gave Jesus a stick to hold to represent a scepter that a king holds. They did this to mock Jesus.

2723MAT2729qf8jfigs-ironyχαῖρε, ὁ Βασιλεῦ τῶν Ἰουδαίων1Hail, King of the Jews
2724MAT2729gf6aχαῖρε1Hail
2725MAT2730ib5qκαὶ ἐμπτύσαντες εἰς αὐτὸν1They spat on him

using their spit, the soldiers spat on Jesus

2726MAT2732j5wqfigs-explicitἐξερχόμενοι1As they came out
2727MAT2732ies4εὗρον ἄνθρωπον1they found a man

the soldiers saw a man

2728MAT2732sfj2τοῦτον ἠγγάρευσαν ἵνα ἄρῃ τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ1whom they forced to go with them so that he might carry his cross

whom the soldiers forced to go with them so that he could carry Jesus' cross

2729MAT2733j6hbfigs-activepassiveτόπον λεγόμενον Γολγοθᾶ1a place called Golgotha
2730MAT2734f11jfigs-activepassiveαὐτῷ πιεῖν οἶνον μετὰ χολῆς μεμιγμένον1him wine to drink mixed with gall
2731MAT2734e2ukχολῆς1gall

the bitter, yellow liquid that bodies use in digestion

2732MAT2735a1y1figs-explicitτὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ1his garments

These were the clothes Jesus had been wearing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2733MAT2737j4s4τὴν αἰτίαν αὐτοῦ1the charge against him

a written explanation of why he was being crucified

2734MAT2738zq4bfigs-activepassiveτότε σταυροῦνται σὺν αὐτῷ δύο λῃσταί1Then two robbers were crucified with him
2735MAT2739d4fmtranslate-symactionκινοῦντες τὰς κεφαλὰς αὐτῶν1shaking their heads

They did this to make fun of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

2736MAT2740t23ifigs-explicitεἰ υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ κατάβηθι ἀπὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ1If you are the Son of God, come down from the cross
2737MAT2740b5lwguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesυἱὸς ... τοῦ Θεοῦ1the Son of God

This is an important title for the Christ that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

2738MAT2742ff4dfigs-ironyἄλλους ἔσωσεν, ἑαυτὸν οὐ δύναται σῶσαι1He saved others, but he cannot save himself

Possible meanings are 1) the Jewish leaders do not believe that Jesus saved others or that he can save himself, or 2) they believe he did save others but are laughing at him because now he cannot save himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])

2739MAT2742j6l7figs-ironyΒασιλεὺς Ἰσραήλ ἐστιν,1He is the King of Israel!
2740MAT2743w46n0Connecting Statement:

The Jewish leaders continue mocking Jesus.

2741MAT2743cl97figs-quotesinquotesεἶπεν γὰρ, ὅτι Θεοῦ‘ εἰμι Υἱός.1For he said, 'I am the Son of God.'
2742MAT2743uw85guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΘεοῦ ... Υἱός1the Son of God

This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

2743MAT2744e26yfigs-activepassiveοἱ λῃσταὶ, οἱ συνσταυρωθέντες σὺν αὐτῷ1the robbers who were crucified with him
2744MAT2745e7z4δὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story.

2745MAT2745s2l7ἀπὸ ... ἕκτης ὥρας ... ἕως ὥρας ἐνάτης1from the sixth hour ... until the ninth hour
2746MAT2745pi8efigs-abstractnounsσκότος ἐγένετο ἐπὶ πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν1darkness came over the whole land
2747MAT2746qyp7ἀνεβόησεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς1Jesus cried out
2748MAT2746xub2translate-transliterateἘλωῒ, Ἐλωῒ, λεμὰ σαβαχθάνει1Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani

These words are what Jesus cried out in his own language. Translators usually leave these words as is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])

2749MAT2748jm37εἷς ἐξ αὐτῶν1one of them

Possible meanings are 1) one of the soldiers or 2) one of those who stood by and watched.

2750MAT2748bsy1σπόγγον1 a sponge

This is a sea animal that is harvested and used to take up and hold liquids. These liquids can later be pushed out.

2751MAT2748ny3eἐπότιζεν αὐτόν1gave it to him to drink

gave it to Jesus

2752MAT2750fj1vfigs-euphemismἀφῆκεν τὸ πνεῦμα1gave up his spirit
2753MAT2751w1wq0Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of the events that happened when Jesus died.

2754MAT2751a92gἰδοὺ1Behold
2755MAT2751m1icfigs-activepassiveτὸ καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ ἐσχίσθη εἰς δύο1the curtain of the temple was split in two
2756MAT2752a1cufigs-activepassiveκαὶ τὰ μνημεῖα ἀνεῴχθησαν, καὶ πολλὰ σώματα τῶν κεκοιμημένων ἁγίων ἠγέρθη1The tombs were opened, and the bodies of the saints who had fallen asleep were raised
2757MAT2752kj3rfigs-idiomσώματα τῶν κεκοιμημένων ἁγίων ἠγέρθη1the bodies of the saints who had fallen asleep were raised
2758MAT2752hgn1figs-euphemismκεκοιμημένων1who had fallen asleep
2759MAT2753q2x5καὶ ἐξελθόντες ἐκ ... ἐνεφανίσθησαν πολλοῖς1They came out ... appeared to many
2760MAT2754f6rzδὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story.

2761MAT2754vv2gfigs-explicitοἱ ... τηροῦντες τὸν Ἰησοῦν1those who were watching Jesus
2762MAT2754gw6nguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΘεοῦ Υἱὸς1the Son of God

This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

2763MAT2756ud33ἡ μήτηρ τῶν υἱῶν Ζεβεδαίου1the mother of the sons of Zebedee
2764MAT2757wm5z0Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of Jesus' burial.

2765MAT2757sy9ytranslate-namesἉριμαθαίας1Arimathea

This is the name of a city in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2766MAT2758c69nfigs-activepassiveτότε ὁ Πειλᾶτος ἐκέλευσεν ἀποδοθῆναι1Then Pilate ordered it to be given to him
2767MAT2759kj7uσινδόνι1a linen cloth

a fine, costly cloth

2768MAT2760hvs8figs-explicitὃ ἐλατόμησεν ἐν τῇ πέτρᾳ1that he had cut into the rock

It is implied that Joseph had workers who cut the tomb into the rock. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2769MAT2760lt4kfigs-explicitκαὶ προσκυλίσας λίθον μέγαν1Then he rolled a large stone

Most likely Joseph had other people there to help him roll the stone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2770MAT2761ihr8ἀπέναντι τοῦ τάφου1opposite the tomb

across from the tomb

2771MAT2762qj59τὴν παρασκευήν1the Preparation

This is the day that people got everything ready for the Sabbath.

2772MAT2762j57nσυνήχθησαν ... πρὸς Πειλᾶτον1were gathered together with Pilate

met with Pilate

2773MAT2763sc6yἐκεῖνος ὁ πλάνος ... ἔτι ζῶν1when that deceiver was alive

when Jesus, the deceiver, was alive

2774MAT2763ri5sfigs-quotesinquotesεἶπεν ... μετὰ‘ τρεῖς ἡμέρας ἐγείρομαι.1he said, 'After three days will I rise again.'
2775MAT2764b8n2figs-activepassiveκέλευσον ... ἀσφαλισθῆναι τὸν τάφον1command that the tomb be made secure
2776MAT2764hbh8translate-ordinalτῆς τρίτης ἡμέρας1the third day

(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])

2777MAT2764pwc8ἐλθόντες οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ, κλέψωσιν αὐτὸν1his disciples may come and steal him

his disciples may come and steal his body

2778MAT2764t78sfigs-quotesinquotesἐλθόντες οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ... εἴπωσιν τῷ λαῷ, ἠγέρθη‘ ἀπὸ τῶν νεκρῶν’; καὶ1his disciples may come ... say to the people, 'He has risen from the dead,' and
2779MAT2764c7bfἀπὸ τῶν νεκρῶν1from the dead

From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To rise from among them speaks of becoming alive again.

2780MAT2764u5tgfigs-ellipsisκαὶ ἔσται ἡ ἐσχάτη πλάνη χείρων τῆς πρώτης1and the last deception will be worse than the first
2781MAT2765dkq9κουστωδίαν1a guard

This consisted of four to sixteen Roman soldiers.

2782MAT2766pk1qσφραγίσαντες τὸν λίθον1sealing the stone

Possible meanings are 1) they put a cord around the stone and attached it to the rock wall on either side of the entrance to the tomb or 2) they put seals between the stone and the wall.

2783MAT2766e8ufμετὰ τῆς κουστωδίας1placing the guard

telling the soldiers to stand where they could keep people from tampering with the tomb

2784MAT28intropsw90
2785MAT281anr10Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of the resurrection of Jesus from the dead.

2786MAT281qkn8ὀψὲ δὲ Σαββάτων, τῇ ἐπιφωσκούσῃ εἰς μίαν σαββάτων1Now late on the Sabbath, as it began to dawn toward the first day of the week

After the Sabbath ended, as the sun came up on Sunday morning

2787MAT281gs43δὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story.

2788MAT281zu2bἡ ἄλλη Μαρία1the other Mary
2789MAT282j25iἰδοὺ1Behold
2790MAT282l4s2σεισμὸς ἐγένετο μέγας; ἄγγελος γὰρ Κυρίου καταβὰς ... ἀπεκύλισε τὸν λίθον1there was a great earthquake, for an angel of the Lord descended ... rolled away the stone

Possible meanings are 1) the earthquake happened because the angel came down and rolled away the stone or 2) all these events happened at the same time .

2791MAT282s43vσεισμὸς1earthquake

a sudden and violent shaking of the ground

2792MAT283vfh4ἡ εἰδέα αὐτοῦ1His appearance

The angel's appearance

2793MAT283p12yfigs-simileἦν ... ὡς ἀστραπὴ1was like lightning
2794MAT283i4hpfigs-simileτὸ ἔνδυμα αὐτοῦ λευκὸν ὡς χιών1his clothing as white as snow
2795MAT284b1icfigs-simileἐγενήθησαν ὡς νεκροί1became like dead men
2796MAT285q8ddταῖς γυναιξίν1the women

Mary Magdalene and the other woman named Mary

2797MAT285tbd8figs-activepassiveτὸν ἐσταυρωμένον1who has been crucified
2798MAT287sp2afigs-quotesinquotesεἴπατε τοῖς μαθηταῖς αὐτοῦ, ὅτι ἠγέρθη ἀπὸ τῶν νεκρῶν; καὶ ἰδοὺ, προάγει ὑμᾶς εἰς τὴν Γαλιλαίαν; ἐκεῖ αὐτὸν ὄψεσθε1tell his disciples, 'He has risen from the dead. See, he is going ahead of you to Galilee. There you will see him.'
2799MAT287r5cwἠγέρθη1He has risen

He has come back to life

2800MAT287a1irἀπὸ τῶν νεκρῶν1from the dead

From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To rise from among them speaks of becoming alive again.

2801MAT287ljb2figs-youπροάγει ὑμᾶς ... αὐτὸν ὄψεσθε1going ahead of you ... you will see him
2802MAT287hf9ifigs-youεἶπον ὑμῖν1I have told you
2803MAT288j2svκαὶ ἀπελθοῦσαι1They left

Mary Magdalene and the other woman named Mary

2804MAT289s393ἰδοὺ1Behold
2805MAT289n5szχαίρετε1Greetings
2806MAT289nmg1ἐκράτησαν αὐτοῦ τοὺς πόδας1took hold of his feet

got down on their knees and held onto his feet

2807MAT2810etk6τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς μου1my brothers

This refers to Jesus' disciples.

2808MAT2811u1ae0Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of the reaction of the Jewish religious leaders when they heard of Jesus' resurrection.

2809MAT2811ktu5δὲ1Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story.

2810MAT2811mu4lαὐτῶν1They

Here this refers to Mary Magdalene and the other Mary.

2811MAT2811rnr3ἰδού1behold

This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this.

2812MAT2812ht82συμβούλιόν τε λαβόντες1discussed the matter with them
2813MAT2813kn8iwriting-quotationsεἴπατε ὅτι, οἱ‘ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ... ἐλθόντες ... ἡμῶν κοιμωμένων.1Say, 'His disciples came ... while we were sleeping.'
2814MAT2814n8xyκαὶ ἐὰν ἀκουσθῇ τοῦτο ἐπὶ τοῦ ἡγεμόνος1If this report reaches the governor

If the governor hears that you were asleep when Jesus' disciples took his body

2815MAT2814u13qτοῦ ἡγεμόνος1the governor
2816MAT2814x57kἡμεῖς πείσομεν καὶ ὑμᾶς ἀμερίμνους ποιήσομεν1we will persuade him and keep you out of trouble

do not worry. We will talk to him so that he does not punish you.

2817MAT2815yu3cfigs-activepassiveἐποίησαν ὡς ἐδιδάχθησαν1did as they had been instructed
2818MAT2815cp7rὁ λόγος οὗτος παρὰ Ἰουδαίοις μέχρι τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας1This report spread widely among the Jews and continues even today

Many Jews heard this report and continue to tell others about it even today

2819MAT2815vp3aμέχρι τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας1even until today

This refers to the time Matthew wrote the book.

2820MAT2816h1ln0Connecting Statement:

This begins the account of Jesus meeting with his disciples after his resurrection.

2821MAT2817pze9προσεκύνησαν, οἱ δὲ ἐδίστασαν1they worshiped him, but some doubted

Possible meanings are 1) they all worshiped Jesus even though some of them doubted, or 2) some of them worshiped Jesus, but others did not worship him because they doubted.

2822MAT2817xgr5figs-explicitοἱ δὲ ἐδίστασαν1but some doubted
2823MAT2818v37pfigs-activepassiveἐδόθη μοι πᾶσα ἐξουσία1All authority has been given to me
2824MAT2818sm35figs-merismἐν οὐρανῷ καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς1in heaven and on earth
2825MAT2819yz6qfigs-metonymyπάντα τὰ ἔθνη1of all the nations
2826MAT2819l5b5figs-metonymyεἰς τὸ ὄνομα1into the name
2827MAT2819kwa3guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Πατρὸς ... τοῦ Υἱοῦ1the Father ... the Son

These are important titles that describe the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

2828MAT2820mz6fἰδοὺ1See
2829MAT2820si8zἕως τῆς συντελείας τοῦ αἰῶνος1even to the end of the age