51 KiB
| 1 | Book | Chapter | Verse | ID | SupportReference | OrigQuote | Occurrence | GLQuote | OccurrenceNote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | RUT | front | intro | f68r | 0 | ||||
| 3 | RUT | 1 | intro | irf4 | 0 | ||||
| 4 | RUT | 1 | 1 | sb2j | וַיְהִ֗י | 1 | It happened | ||
| 5 | RUT | 1 | 1 | m9nl | בִּימֵי֙ שְׁפֹ֣ט הַשֹּׁפְטִ֔ים | 1 | in the days when the judges ruled | during the time when judges led and governed Israel | |
| 6 | RUT | 1 | 1 | nm13 | figs-explicit | בָּאָ֑רֶץ | 1 | in the land | |
| 7 | RUT | 1 | 1 | mmb4 | אִ֜ישׁ | 1 | a certain man | ||
| 8 | RUT | 1 | 2 | e53a | אֶפְרָתִ֔ים מִ בֵּ֥ית לֶ֖חֶם יְהוּדָ֑ה | 1 | Ephrathites of Bethlehem of Judah | They were people from the tribe of Ephraim who settled at Bethlehem in the region of Judea. | |
| 9 | RUT | 1 | 3 | rxb1 | הִ֖יא וּשְׁנֵ֥י בָנֶֽיהָ׃ | 1 | she was left with her two sons | Naomi had only her two sons with her | |
| 10 | RUT | 1 | 4 | pk7g | figs-idiom | וַיִּשְׂ ... נָשִׁים֙ | 1 | took wives | |
| 11 | RUT | 1 | 4 | k7y9 | מֹֽאֲבִיּ֔וֹת | 1 | from the women of Moab | Naomi's sons married women who were from the tribe of Moab. The Moabites worshiped other gods. | |
| 12 | RUT | 1 | 4 | aee6 | שֵׁ֤ם הָֽאַחַת֙ ... וְשֵׁ֥ם הַשֵּׁנִ֖י | 1 | the name of one ... the name of the other | the name of one woman ... the name of the other woman | |
| 13 | RUT | 1 | 4 | rt4c | כְּעֶ֥שֶׂר שָׁנִֽים | 1 | ten years | Ten years after Elimelek and Naomi came to the country of Moab, their sons Mahlon and Kilion died. | |
| 14 | RUT | 1 | 5 | dbr3 | וַתִּשָּׁאֵר֙ הָֽאִשָּׁ֔ה | 1 | leaving the woman without | Naomi was widowed. | |
| 15 | RUT | 1 | 6 | sa4z | figs-explicit | שָֽׁמְעָה֙ בִּשְׂדֵ֣ה מוֹאָ֔ב | 1 | she had heard in the country of Moab | |
| 16 | RUT | 1 | 6 | ser2 | יְהוָה֙ | 1 | Yahweh | This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this. | |
| 17 | RUT | 1 | 6 | v86z | פָקַ֤ד ... אֶת־ עַמּ֔וֹ | 1 | had helped his people | God saw their need and provided good harvests for them. | |
| 18 | RUT | 1 | 6 | u9q2 | וְכַלֹּתֶ֔יהָ | 1 | her daughters-in-law | the women who married Naomi's sons | |
| 19 | RUT | 1 | 7 | w7ti | figs-idiom | וַתֵּלַ֣כְנָה בַדֶּ֔רֶךְ | 1 | they walked down the road | |
| 20 | RUT | 1 | 8 | fu39 | כַלֹּתֶ֔יהָ | 1 | her daughters-in-law | ||
| 21 | RUT | 1 | 8 | lxs2 | figs-you | אִשָּׁ֖ה | 1 | each of you | |
| 22 | RUT | 1 | 8 | hsf7 | לְבֵ֣ית אִמָּ֑הּ | 1 | to your mother's house | to the home of each of your mothers | |
| 23 | RUT | 1 | 8 | i262 | חֶ֔סֶד | 1 | in loving kindness | ||
| 24 | RUT | 1 | 8 | g4r8 | figs-idiom | עִם־ הַמֵּתִ֖ים | 1 | with the dead | |
| 25 | RUT | 1 | 9 | pm6y | יִתֵּ֤ן ... לָכֶ֔ם | 1 | May grant you | ||
| 26 | RUT | 1 | 9 | c74v | וּמְצֶ֣אןָ מְנוּחָ֔ה | 1 | that you find rest | ||
| 27 | RUT | 1 | 9 | v2vx | figs-metonymy | בֵּ֣ית אִישָׁ֑הּ | 1 | in the house of her husband | with their new husbands, not someone else's husband. This refers to both a physical house that belongs to the husband, and to the protection from shame by being married. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) |
| 28 | RUT | 1 | 9 | t69w | figs-idiom | וַתִּשֶּׂ֥אנָה קוֹלָ֖ן וַתִּבְכֶּֽינָה | 1 | and they lifted up their voices and cried | To raise the voice is an idiom for speaking loudly. The daughters cried out loud or wept bitterly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) |
| 29 | RUT | 1 | 10 | mag8 | figs-exclusive | נָשׁ֖וּב | 1 | we will return | |
| 30 | RUT | 1 | 10 | bq4j | figs-you | אִתָּ֥ךְ | 1 | with you | |
| 31 | RUT | 1 | 11 | ggi3 | figs-rquestion | לָ֥מָּה תֵלַ֖כְנָה עִמִּ֑י | 1 | Why will you go with me? | |
| 32 | RUT | 1 | 11 | q2hn | figs-rquestion | הַֽעֽוֹד־ לִ֤י בָנִים֙ בְּֽמֵעַ֔י וְהָי֥וּ לָכֶ֖ם לַאֲנָשִֽׁים | 1 | Are there still sons in my womb, that they may become your husbands? | |
| 33 | RUT | 1 | 12 | dyc4 | figs-explicit | זָקַ֖נְתִּי מִהְי֣וֹת לְאִ֑ישׁ | 1 | I am too old to have a husband | |
| 34 | RUT | 1 | 12 | kh9g | יָלַ֥דְתִּי בָנִֽים | 1 | would give birth to sons | ||
| 35 | RUT | 1 | 13 | gmc2 | figs-rquestion | אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִגְדָּ֔לוּ הֲלָהֵן֙ תֵּֽעָגֵ֔נָה לְבִלְתִּ֖י הֱי֣וֹת לְאִ֑ישׁ | 1 | would you therefore wait until they were grown? Would you keep yourselves from having a husband? | |
| 36 | RUT | 1 | 13 | gh99 | figs-metaphor | מַר־ לִ֤י מְאֹד֙ | 1 | It is exceedingly bitter to me | |
| 37 | RUT | 1 | 13 | z9u3 | figs-metonymy | יָצְאָ֥ה בִ֖י יַד־ יְהוָֽה | 1 | the hand of Yahweh has gone out against me | |
| 38 | RUT | 1 | 14 | n47v | figs-idiom | וַתִּשֶּׂ֣נָה קוֹלָ֔ן וַתִּבְכֶּ֖ינָה | 1 | Then they lifted up their voices and cried | This means that they cried out loud or wept bitterly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) |
| 39 | RUT | 1 | 14 | t4sl | figs-explicit | וְר֖וּת דָּ֥בְקָה בָּֽהּ | 1 | but Ruth held on to her | |
| 40 | RUT | 1 | 15 | ld6g | הִנֵּה֙ ... יְבִמְתֵּ֔ךְ | 1 | Listen, your sister-in-law | Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important, your sister-in-law | |
| 41 | RUT | 1 | 15 | nqm3 | יְבִמְתֵּ֔ךְ | 1 | your sister-in-law | ||
| 42 | RUT | 1 | 15 | man4 | אֱלֹהֶ֑יהָ | 1 | her gods | Before Orpah and Ruth married Naomi's sons, they worshiped the gods of Moab. During their marriage, they began to worship Naomi's God. | |
| 43 | RUT | 1 | 16 | z5ug | וּבַאֲשֶׁ֤ר תָּלִ֨ינִי֙ | 1 | where you stay | where you live | |
| 44 | RUT | 1 | 16 | b518 | figs-explicit | עַמֵּ֣ךְ עַמִּ֔י | 1 | your people will be my people | |
| 45 | RUT | 1 | 17 | lql7 | figs-idiom | בַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר תָּמ֨וּתִי֙ אָמ֔וּת | 1 | Where you die, I will die | This refers to Ruth's desire to spend the rest of her life living in the same place and town as Naomi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) |
| 46 | RUT | 1 | 17 | sje3 | figs-idiom | יַעֲשֶׂ֨ה יְהוָ֥ה לִי֙ וְכֹ֣ה יֹסִ֔יף כִּ֣י | 1 | May Yahweh do to me, and even more, if | |
| 47 | RUT | 1 | 18 | rsq2 | וַתֶּחְדַּ֖ל לְדַבֵּ֥ר אֵלֶֽיהָ | 1 | she stopped arguing with her | Naomi stopped arguing with Ruth | |
| 48 | RUT | 1 | 19 | j9wa | writing-newevent | וַיְהִ֗י | 1 | It happened that | |
| 49 | RUT | 1 | 19 | y3us | figs-metonymy | כָּל־ הָעִיר֙ | 1 | the entire town | |
| 50 | RUT | 1 | 19 | xnb3 | הֲזֹ֥את נָעֳמִֽי | 1 | Is this Naomi? | Since it has been many years since Naomi lived in Bethlehem and no longer has her husband and two sons, it is likely the women were expressing doubt as to if this woman was actually Naomi. Treat as a real question, not rhetorical. | |
| 51 | RUT | 1 | 20 | stw5 | אַל־ תִּקְרֶ֥אנָה לִ֖י נָעֳמִ֑י | 1 | Do not call me Naomi | ||
| 52 | RUT | 1 | 20 | swe9 | translate-names | מָרָ֔א | 1 | Bitter | |
| 53 | RUT | 1 | 21 | n9zc | אֲנִי֙ מְלֵאָ֣ה הָלַ֔כְתִּי וְרֵיקָ֖ם הֱשִׁיבַ֣נִי יְהוָ֑ה | 1 | I went out full, but Yahweh has brought me home again empty | When Naomi left Bethlehem, her husband and two sons were living, and she was happy. Naomi blames Yahweh for the death of her husband and sons, saying that he has caused her to return to Bethlehem without them, and now she is bitter and unhappy. | |
| 54 | RUT | 1 | 21 | jqx5 | עָ֣נָה בִ֔י | 1 | has testified against me | judged me guilty | |
| 55 | RUT | 1 | 21 | t1p8 | הֵ֥רַֽע לִֽי | 1 | has afflicted me | ||
| 56 | RUT | 1 | 22 | cx7g | writing-endofstory | וַתָּ֣שָׁב נָעֳמִ֗י וְר֨וּת | 1 | So Naomi returned, with Ruth | |
| 57 | RUT | 1 | 22 | bgy3 | figs-abstractnouns | בִּתְחִלַּ֖ת קְצִ֥יר שְׂעֹרִֽים | 1 | at the beginning of the barley harvest | |
| 58 | RUT | 2 | intro | ld2v | 0 | ||||
| 59 | RUT | 2 | 1 | t2sn | writing-background | וּֽלְנָעֳמִ֞י מידע לְאִישָׁ֗הּ | 1 | Now Naomi had a relative of her husband | This phrase introduces new information before the story continues. Your language may have a way to introduce new information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) |
| 60 | RUT | 2 | 1 | b4q7 | אִ֚ישׁ גִּבּ֣וֹר חַ֔יִל | 1 | a man of great wealth | ||
| 61 | RUT | 2 | 2 | am6a | ר֨וּת הַמּוֹאֲבִיָּ֜ה | 1 | Ruth, the Moabite woman | Here the story resumes. You need to see how your language restarts a story after a break. | |
| 62 | RUT | 2 | 2 | c7rk | הַמּוֹאֲבִיָּ֜ה | 1 | the Moabite woman | This is another way of saying the woman was from the country or tribe of Moab. | |
| 63 | RUT | 2 | 2 | qt4q | וַאֲלַקֳטָּ֣ה בַשִׁבֳּלִ֔ים | 1 | glean heads of grain | ||
| 64 | RUT | 2 | 2 | j59b | figs-idiom | אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֶמְצָא־ חֵ֖ן בְּעֵינָ֑יו | 1 | in whose eyes I will find favor | |
| 65 | RUT | 2 | 2 | ed93 | בִתִּֽי | 1 | my daughter | Ruth was caring for Naomi as if she were her own mother. Make sure it is possible in your language to use this word for someone who is not an actual daughter. | |
| 66 | RUT | 2 | 3 | ht73 | וַיִּ֣קֶר מִקְרֶ֔הָ | 1 | She happened to come | Ruth was not aware that the field she picked to glean in belonged to Naomi's relative Boaz. | |
| 67 | RUT | 2 | 4 | vys2 | וְהִנֵּה־ בֹ֗עַז | 1 | Behold, Boaz | ||
| 68 | RUT | 2 | 4 | q1lv | בָּ֚א מִבֵּ֣ית לֶ֔חֶם | 1 | came from Bethlehem | The fields were an unspecified distance outside of Bethlehem. | |
| 69 | RUT | 2 | 4 | r4bl | יְבָרֶכְךָ֥ יְהוָֽה | 1 | May Yahweh bless you | ||
| 70 | RUT | 2 | 5 | a5ht | לְמִ֖י הַנַּעֲרָ֥ה הַזֹּֽאת | 1 | Whose is this young woman? | Possible meanings are 1) Boaz was asking about Ruth's husband or 2) Boaz was asking about Ruth's parents or current guardians. | |
| 71 | RUT | 2 | 5 | sdf9 | הַנִּצָּ֖ב עַל | 1 | was supervising | ||
| 72 | RUT | 2 | 7 | kj7a | הַבַּ֖יִת | 1 | the house | ||
| 73 | RUT | 2 | 8 | ltk3 | figs-rquestion | הֲל֧וֹא שָׁמַ֣עַתְּ בִּתִּ֗י | 1 | Will you not listen to me, my daughter? | |
| 74 | RUT | 2 | 8 | ke9b | figs-idiom | בִּתִּ֗י | 1 | my daughter | This was a kind way of addressing a younger woman. Ruth was not the actual daughter of Boaz, so make sure the translation of this does not make it sound like she was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) |
| 75 | RUT | 2 | 9 | jq6n | figs-metonymy | עֵינַ֜יִךְ בַּשָּׂדֶ֤ה | 1 | Keep your eyes on the field | |
| 76 | RUT | 2 | 9 | xc6u | figs-rquestion | הֲל֥וֹא צִוִּ֛יתִי אֶת־ הַנְּעָרִ֖ים לְבִלְתִּ֣י נָגְעֵ֑ךְ | 1 | Have I not instructed the young men not to touch you? | |
| 77 | RUT | 2 | 9 | ub62 | אֶת־ הַנְּעָרִ֖ים | 1 | the young men | ||
| 78 | RUT | 2 | 9 | v5e4 | לְבִלְתִּ֣י נָגְעֵ֑ךְ | 1 | not to touch you | Possible meanings are 1) the men were not to harm Ruth or 2) the men were not to stop her from gleaning in his field. | |
| 79 | RUT | 2 | 9 | ahr7 | מֵאֲשֶׁ֥ר יִשְׁאֲב֖וּן הַנְּעָרִֽים | 1 | from what the young men have drawn | To draw water means to pull up water from a well or to take it out of a storage vessel. | |
| 80 | RUT | 2 | 10 | az6y | וַתִּפֹּל֙ עַל־ פָּנֶ֔יהָ וַתִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ אָ֑רְצָה | 1 | Then she fell on her face and bowed down to the ground | These are acts of respect and reverence. She was showing honor to Boaz out of gratefulness for what he had done for her. It was also a posture of humility. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) | |
| 81 | RUT | 2 | 10 | ug7p | מַדּוּעַ֩ מָצָ֨אתִי חֵ֤ן בְּעֵינֶ֨יךָ֙ לְהַכִּירֵ֔נִי וְאָּנֹכִ֖י נָכְרִיָּֽה | 1 | Why have I found favor in your eyes that you should take notice of me, since I am a foreigner? | Ruth is asking a real question. | |
| 82 | RUT | 2 | 10 | x6f8 | נָכְרִיָּֽה | 1 | foreigner | ||
| 83 | RUT | 2 | 11 | app6 | figs-activepassive | הֻגֵּ֨ד הֻגַּ֜ד לִ֗י | 1 | It has surely been reported to me | |
| 84 | RUT | 2 | 11 | r44n | figs-metonymy | וַתֵּ֣לְכִ֔י אֶל־ עַ֕ם | 1 | have come to a people | Boaz is referring to Ruth coming to dwell with Naomi in a village and community, a country, and religion she did not know. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) |
| 85 | RUT | 2 | 12 | x5ct | יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם ... פָּעֳלֵ֑ךְ | 1 | reward your deed | ||
| 86 | RUT | 2 | 12 | s2vm | פָּעֳלֵ֑ךְ | 1 | your deed | This is an act of faith, choosing to live with Naomi in Bethlehem and trusting Naomi's God. | |
| 87 | RUT | 2 | 12 | gnn5 | figs-parallelism | וּתְהִ֨י מַשְׂכֻּרְתֵּ֜ךְ שְׁלֵמָ֗ה מֵעִ֤ם יְהוָה֙ | 1 | may full payment be given to you by Yahweh | |
| 88 | RUT | 2 | 12 | eh86 | figs-metaphor | אֲשֶׁר־ בָּ֖את לַחֲס֥וֹת תַּֽחַת־ כְּנָפָֽיו | 1 | under whose wings you have come for refuge | |
| 89 | RUT | 2 | 13 | v2q1 | figs-idiom | אֶמְצָא־ חֵ֨ן בְּעֵינֶ֤יךָ | 1 | Let me find favor in your eyes | |
| 90 | RUT | 2 | 13 | zc5n | וְאָנֹכִי֙ לֹ֣א אֶֽהְיֶ֔ה כְּאַחַ֖ת שִׁפְחֹתֶֽיךָ | 1 | though I am not like one of your female servants | Possible meanings are 1) Ruth was not one of Boaz's female servants or 2) Ruth did not think her marriage to Naomi's son granted her any privilege in Bethlehem. | |
| 91 | RUT | 2 | 14 | yht2 | לְעֵ֣ת הָאֹ֗כֶל | 1 | At mealtime | This refers to the noontime meal. | |
| 92 | RUT | 2 | 14 | p256 | וְטָבַ֥לְתְּ פִּתֵּ֖ךְ בַּחֹ֑מֶץ | 1 | dip your piece of bread in the wine vinegar | This was a simple meal eaten in the field. People would sit on the ground around a cloth that had a bowl of wine vinegar on it and plates of broken bread. They would dip their bread in the vinegar bowl to wet it and add flavor before they ate it. | |
| 93 | RUT | 2 | 14 | xr6s | בַּחֹ֑מֶץ | 1 | the wine vinegar | a sauce that bread was dipped in. The Israelites further fermented some of their wine to make vinegar. | |
| 94 | RUT | 2 | 15 | v6wr | וַתָּ֖קָם לְלַקֵּ֑ט וַיְצַו֩ בֹּ֨עַז אֶת־ נְעָרָ֜יו | 1 | When she got up to glean, Boaz commanded his young men | ||
| 95 | RUT | 2 | 15 | rct9 | וַתָּ֖קָם | 1 | When she got up | As she stood up | |
| 96 | RUT | 2 | 15 | a5z9 | גַּ֣ם בֵּ֧ין הָֽעֳמָרִ֛ים | 1 | even among the bundles | ||
| 97 | RUT | 2 | 16 | u6hv | שֹׁל־ תָּשֹׁ֥לּוּ לָ֖הּ מִן־ הַצְּבָתִ֑ים | 1 | pull out for her some grain from the bundles | ||
| 98 | RUT | 2 | 16 | nn9l | וְלֹ֥א תִגְעֲרוּ־ בָֽהּ | 1 | do not rebuke her | ||
| 99 | RUT | 2 | 17 | h3ap | וַתַּחְבֹּט֙ | 1 | she beat out | She separated the edible part of the grain from the hull and stalk, which is thrown away. | |
| 100 | RUT | 2 | 17 | mq6b | translate-bvolume | כְּאֵיפָ֥ה שְׂעֹרִֽים | 1 | about an ephah of barley | |
| 101 | RUT | 2 | 18 | etn8 | figs-explicit | וַתִּשָּׂא֙ וַתָּב֣וֹא הָעִ֔יר | 1 | She lifted it up and went into the city | It is implied that Ruth carried the grain home. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) |
| 102 | RUT | 2 | 18 | r6sz | וַתֵּ֥רֶא חֲמוֹתָ֖הּ | 1 | Then her mother-in-law saw | Naomi saw | |
| 103 | RUT | 2 | 19 | bg28 | figs-parallelism | אֵיפֹ֨ה לִקַּ֤טְתְּ הַיּוֹם֙ וְאָ֣נָה עָשִׂ֔ית | 1 | Where have you gleaned today, and where did you work? | Naomi said almost the same thing in two different ways to show that she was very interested in knowing what had happened to Ruth that day. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) |
| 104 | RUT | 2 | 20 | p8km | בָּר֥וּךְ הוּא֙ לַיהוָ֔ה | 1 | May he be blessed by Yahweh | Naomi is asking God to reward Boaz for his kindness to Ruth and herself. | |
| 105 | RUT | 2 | 20 | ur7z | figs-doublenegatives | אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹא־ עָזַ֣ב חַסְדּ֔וֹ | 1 | who has not forsaken his loving kindness | |
| 106 | RUT | 2 | 20 | ljz3 | אֶת־ הַחַיִּ֖ים | 1 | to the living | ||
| 107 | RUT | 2 | 20 | wjr4 | figs-nominaladj | וְאֶת־ הַמֵּתִ֑ים | 1 | and to the dead | |
| 108 | RUT | 2 | 20 | cyy2 | figs-parallelism | קָר֥וֹב לָ֨נוּ֙ הָאִ֔ישׁ מִֽגֹּאֲלֵ֖נוּ הֽוּא | 1 | That man is our relative, one of our kinsman-redeemers | The second phrase repeats and expands the first. This is a Hebrew style of emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) |
| 109 | RUT | 2 | 20 | zu5f | מִֽגֹּאֲלֵ֖נוּ | 1 | kinsman-redeemers | A kinsman-redeemer was a close male relative who could rescue a childless widow from financial ruin by marrying her and having a child with her. He would also reacquire the land his relatives had lost due to poverty and redeem family members who had sold themselves into slavery. | |
| 110 | RUT | 2 | 21 | k2lz | גַּ֣ם׀ כִּי־ אָמַ֣ר אֵלַ֗י | 1 | Indeed, he also aid to me | ||
| 111 | RUT | 2 | 21 | g585 | עִם־ הַנְּעָרִ֤ים אֲשֶׁר־ לִי֙ תִּדְבָּקִ֔ין | 1 | keep close to my young men | Boaz was referring to the physical protection his men can provide her. | |
| 112 | RUT | 2 | 22 | f2tw | תֵֽצְאִי֙ עִם | 1 | go out with | work with | |
| 113 | RUT | 2 | 22 | bcc4 | וְלֹ֥א יִפְגְּעוּ־ בָ֖ךְ | 1 | so that they do not harm you | Possible meanings are 1) other workers might abuse Ruth or try to seize her and sleep with her or 2) in another field, the owner might interfere or stop her from gleaning until the end of the harvest. | |
| 114 | RUT | 2 | 23 | e2vq | וַתִּדְבַּ֞ק | 1 | she stayed close | Ruth worked in Boaz's fields with his workers during the day, so she would be safe. | |
| 115 | RUT | 2 | 23 | a7qp | וַתֵּ֖שֶׁב אֶת־ חֲמוֹתָֽהּ | 1 | She lived with her mother-in-law | Ruth went to Naomi's home to sleep at night. | |
| 116 | RUT | 3 | intro | t4y5 | 0 | ||||
| 117 | RUT | 3 | 1 | r7ar | חֲמוֹתָ֑הּ | 1 | her mother-in-law | Naomi is the mother of Ruth's dead husband. | |
| 118 | RUT | 3 | 1 | f1uc | בִּתִּ֞י | 1 | My daughter | Ruth became Naomi's daughter by marrying her son and further by her actions in caring for Naomi after returning to Bethlehem. | |
| 119 | RUT | 3 | 1 | nxr8 | figs-rquestion | הֲלֹ֧א אֲבַקֶּשׁ־ לָ֛ךְ מָנ֖וֹחַ ...־ לָֽךְ | 1 | should I not seek rest for you ... with you? | |
| 120 | RUT | 3 | 1 | uw2p | figs-metaphor | לָ֛ךְ מָנ֖וֹחַ | 1 | rest for you | Possible meanings are 1) literally in finding a house for her to live in or 2) figuratively in finding a husband to care for her. Naomi probably had both senses in mind. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
| 121 | RUT | 3 | 2 | j31t | figs-explicit | הָיִ֖ית אֶת־ נַעֲרוֹתָ֑יו | 1 | young female workers you were with | |
| 122 | RUT | 3 | 2 | b4h8 | figs-rquestion | הֲלֹ֥א בֹ֨עַז֙ מֹֽדַעְתָּ֔נוּ | 1 | is he not our kinsman? | |
| 123 | RUT | 3 | 2 | nd8v | הִנֵּה | 1 | Look | This term indicates that the following statement is very important. | |
| 124 | RUT | 3 | 2 | ms25 | זֹרֶ֛ה | 1 | winnowing | To winnow means to separate grain from the unwanted chaff by tossing both the grain and chaff into the air, allowing the wind to blow the chaff away. | |
| 125 | RUT | 3 | 3 | ru6z | וָסַ֗כְתְּ | 1 | anoint yourself | This is probably a reference to rubbing sweet-smelling oil on oneself, much as women put on perfume today. | |
| 126 | RUT | 3 | 3 | e92h | figs-idiom | וירדתי הַגֹּ֑רֶן | 1 | go down to the threshing floor | This refers to leaving the city and heading to the threshing area. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) |
| 127 | RUT | 3 | 4 | ln1m | translate-symaction | וְגִלִּ֥ית מַרְגְּלֹתָ֖יו | 1 | uncover his feet | This means to remove the cloak or blanket covering his feet so that they would be exposed to the cold. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) |
| 128 | RUT | 3 | 4 | l4we | ושכבתי | 1 | lie down | lie down at his feet | |
| 129 | RUT | 3 | 4 | w1u5 | וְהוּא֙ יַגִּ֣יד לָ֔ךְ אֵ֖ת אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעַשִֽׂין | 1 | Then he will tell you what you should do | The specific custom of that time is unclear, but this is usually understood as a culturally acceptable way for a woman to tell a man that she was willing to marry him. Boaz would understand the custom and accept or reject her offer. | |
| 130 | RUT | 3 | 4 | nn4g | וְהוּא֙ יַגִּ֣יד | 1 | Then he will tell | When he wakes up, he will | |
| 131 | RUT | 3 | 7 | fz7e | figs-synecdoche | וַיִּיטַ֣ב לִבּ֔וֹ | 1 | his heart was merry | |
| 132 | RUT | 3 | 7 | y6gk | וַתָּבֹ֣א בַלָּ֔ט | 1 | she came quietly | ||
| 133 | RUT | 3 | 7 | eq2u | וַתְּגַ֥ל מַרְגְּלֹתָ֖יו | 1 | uncovered his feet | removed his blanket from his feet | |
| 134 | RUT | 3 | 7 | pb6l | וַתִּשְׁכָּֽב | 1 | lay down | lay down at his feet | |
| 135 | RUT | 3 | 8 | pz92 | וַיְהִי֙ | 1 | It came about | This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. | |
| 136 | RUT | 3 | 8 | qsm2 | בַּחֲצִ֣י הַלַּ֔יְלָה | 1 | at midnight | in the middle of the night | |
| 137 | RUT | 3 | 8 | xun6 | וַיֶּחֱרַ֥ד | 1 | was startled | It is not clear what startled Boaz. Perhaps he suddenly felt the cold air on his feet. | |
| 138 | RUT | 3 | 8 | c23j | figs-idiom | וַיִּלָּפֵ֑ת | 1 | He turned over | He looked to see what startled him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) |
| 139 | RUT | 3 | 8 | e7ui | אִשָּׁ֔ה שֹׁכֶ֖בֶת מַרְגְּלֹתָֽיו | 1 | a woman was lying at his feet | The woman was Ruth, but Boaz could not recognize her in the darkness. | |
| 140 | RUT | 3 | 9 | wj9e | אֲמָתֶ֔ךָ | 1 | your female servant | Ruth spoke with humility to Boaz. | |
| 141 | RUT | 3 | 9 | xp1b | figs-idiom | וּפָרַשְׂתָּ֤ כְנָפֶ֨ךָ֙ עַל־ אֲמָ֣תְךָ֔ | 1 | Spread your cloak over your female servant | |
| 142 | RUT | 3 | 9 | l5g4 | גֹאֵ֖ל | 1 | near kinsman | a close relative with special responsibilities toward their extended family | |
| 143 | RUT | 3 | 10 | bjw9 | הֵיטַ֛בְתְּ חַסְדֵּ֥ךְ הָאַחֲר֖וֹן מִן־ הָרִאשׁ֑וֹן | 1 | you have showed more kindness at the end than at the beginning | even more kindness now than before | |
| 144 | RUT | 3 | 10 | e7ka | הֵיטַ֛בְתְּ חַסְדֵּ֥ךְ הָאַחֲר֖וֹן | 1 | you have showed more kindness at the end | This refers to Ruth asking Boaz to marry her. By marrying Naomi's relative, Ruth would provide for Naomi and demonstrate great kindness to Naomi. | |
| 145 | RUT | 3 | 10 | cbd3 | הָרִאשׁ֑וֹן | 1 | at the beginning | This refers to the way Ruth had earlier provided for her mother-in-law by staying with her and gleaning grain for food for them. | |
| 146 | RUT | 3 | 10 | n84d | figs-idiom | לְבִלְתִּי־ לֶ֗כֶת אַחֲרֵי֙ | 1 | because you have not gone after | |
| 147 | RUT | 3 | 11 | ei93 | בִּתִּי֙ | 1 | my daughter | Boaz used this expression as a sign of respect toward Ruth as a younger woman. | |
| 148 | RUT | 3 | 12 | fvq5 | גֹּאֵ֖ל קָר֥וֹב מִמֶּֽנִּי | 1 | a kinsman nearer than I | It was the duty of the closest male relative to help the widow. | |
| 149 | RUT | 3 | 13 | gcl8 | figs-explicit | אִם־ יִגְאָלֵ֥ךְ | 1 | if he will redeem you | Boaz is referring to the expectation that the closest male relative of Ruth's dead husband would marry her and help carry on his family name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) |
| 150 | RUT | 3 | 13 | tkz9 | חַי־ יְהוָ֑ה | 1 | as Yahweh lives | ||
| 151 | RUT | 3 | 14 | vn8p | וַתִּשְׁכַּ֤ב מרגלתו | 1 | she lay at his feet | Ruth slept at Boaz' feet. They did not have sex. | |
| 152 | RUT | 3 | 14 | dwx1 | בטרום יַכִּ֥יר אִ֖ישׁ אֶת־ רֵעֵ֑הוּ | 1 | before anyone could recognize another person | ||
| 153 | RUT | 3 | 15 | hj1e | הַמִּטְפַּ֧חַת | 1 | shawl | a piece of cloth worn over the shoulders | |
| 154 | RUT | 3 | 15 | f5zg | שֵׁשׁ־ שְׂעֹרִים֙ | 1 | six ephahs of barley | The actual amount is not stated. It was enough to be considered generous, yet small enough for Ruth to carry alone. Some think it was about 30 kilograms. | |
| 155 | RUT | 3 | 15 | gdn8 | וַיָּ֣שֶׁת עָלֶ֔יהָ | 1 | put it on her | The amount of grain was so great that Ruth needed help picking it up to carry it. | |
| 156 | RUT | 3 | 15 | aj7u | וַיָּבֹ֖א הָעִֽיר | 1 | Then he went into the city | ||
| 157 | RUT | 3 | 16 | s7dr | figs-explicit | מִי־ אַ֣תְּ בִּתִּ֑י | 1 | How did it go, my daughter? | |
| 158 | RUT | 3 | 16 | w9p9 | אֵ֛ת כָּל־ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָֽשָׂה־ לָ֖הּ הָאִֽישׁ | 1 | all that the man had done for her | all that Boaz had done | |
| 159 | RUT | 3 | 17 | e9xx | אַל־ תָּב֥וֹאִי רֵיקָ֖ם | 1 | Do not go empty-handed | ||
| 160 | RUT | 3 | 18 | u5rn | אִם־ כִּלָּ֥ה הַדָּבָ֖ר | 1 | finished this thing | This refers to the decision about who will buy Naomi's property and marry Ruth. | |
| 161 | RUT | 4 | intro | pz6m | 0 | ||||
| 162 | RUT | 4 | 1 | m4by | הַשַּׁעַר֮ | 1 | the gate | ||
| 163 | RUT | 4 | 1 | kz1g | הַגֹּאֵ֤ל | 1 | the kinsman-redeemer | This was the closest living relative to Elimelek. | |
| 164 | RUT | 4 | 2 | bf74 | מִזִּקְנֵ֥י הָעִ֖יר | 1 | elders of the city | leaders of the city | |
| 165 | RUT | 4 | 3 | es9g | חֶלְקַת֙ הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה ... מָכְרָ֣ה נָעֳמִ֔י | 1 | Naomi ... is selling the parcel of land | It was the responsibility of the kinsman to buy back his relative's land and to care for his family. In this case, it meant the man must buy Naomi's land, marry Ruth, and care for Naomi. | |
| 166 | RUT | 4 | 4 | c6xi | נֶ֥גֶד | 1 | in the presence | This would make the transaction legal and binding. | |
| 167 | RUT | 4 | 4 | lgq1 | גְּאָ֔ל | 1 | redeem it | This meant to buy the land to keep it within their family. | |
| 168 | RUT | 4 | 4 | u548 | וְאָנֹכִ֖י אַחֲרֶ֑יךָ | 1 | I am after you | Boaz was the next kinsman in line to redeem the land. | |
| 169 | RUT | 4 | 5 | ut23 | בְּיוֹם־ קְנוֹתְךָ֥ ... וּ֠מֵאֵת ... קניתי | 1 | On the day that you buy ... you must also acquire | Boaz uses this expression to inform his relative of the additional responsibility he will have if he buys the land. | |
| 170 | RUT | 4 | 5 | ymn8 | figs-synecdoche | מִיַּ֣ד נָעֳמִ֑י | 1 | from the hand of Naomi | |
| 171 | RUT | 4 | 5 | dya3 | figs-idiom | וּ֠מֵאֵת ר֣וּת ...קניתי | 1 | you must also acquire Ruth | |
| 172 | RUT | 4 | 5 | b3ps | ר֣וּת ... אֵֽשֶׁת־ הַמֵּת֙ | 1 | Ruth ... the widow of a dead man | Ruth ... the widow of Elimelek's son | |
| 173 | RUT | 4 | 5 | b3sy | לְהָקִ֥ים שֵׁם־ הַמֵּ֖ת | 1 | to raise up the name of the dead | that she may have a son to inherit the property and carry on the name of her dead husband | |
| 174 | RUT | 4 | 6 | sx9k | אַשְׁחִ֖ית אֶת־ נַחֲלָתִ֑י | 1 | damaging my own inheritance | He would have to give some of his own wealth to the children that Ruth might bear. | |
| 175 | RUT | 4 | 6 | sa7h | גְּאַל־ לְךָ֤ אַתָּה֙ אֶת־ גְּאֻלָּתִ֔י | 1 | You redeem for yourself my right of redemption | ||
| 176 | RUT | 4 | 7 | wga9 | writing-background | וְזֹאת֩ | 1 | Now this was the custom | The writer of the book explains of the custom of exchange during the time of Ruth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) |
| 177 | RUT | 4 | 7 | lgf5 | writing-background | לְפָנִ֨ים | 1 | in former times | |
| 178 | RUT | 4 | 7 | xdr7 | נַעֲל֖וֹ | 1 | his sandal | his sandal | |
| 179 | RUT | 4 | 7 | d46w | לְרֵעֵ֑הוּ | 1 | to the other | This refers to the person with whom he was making the agreement. In this situation the near kinsman gave Boaz his shoe. | |
| 180 | RUT | 4 | 9 | zz42 | לַזְּקֵנִ֜ים וְכָל־ הָעָ֗ם | 1 | to the elders and to all the people | This refers to all the people who were present at the meeting place, not to everyone in the town. | |
| 181 | RUT | 4 | 9 | img5 | כָּל־ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֶֽאֱלִימֶ֔לֶךְ וְאֵ֛ת כָּל־ אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְכִלְי֖וֹן וּמַחְל֑וֹן | 1 | all that was Elimelek's and all that was Kilion's and Mahlon's | This refers to all the land and possessions of Naomi's dead husband and sons. | |
| 182 | RUT | 4 | 9 | lwx9 | figs-synecdoche | מִיַּ֖ד נָעֳמִֽי | 1 | from the hand of Naomi | |
| 183 | RUT | 4 | 10 | nm32 | לְהָקִ֤ים שֵׁם־ הַמֵּת֙ עַל־ נַ֣חֲלָת֔וֹ | 1 | to raise up the name of the dead man through his inheritance | ||
| 184 | RUT | 4 | 10 | gg1m | figs-metaphor | וְלֹא־ יִכָּרֵ֧ת שֵׁם־ הַמֵּ֛ת מֵעִ֥ם אֶחָ֖יו | 1 | so that his name will not be cut off from among his brothers and from the gate of his place | |
| 185 | RUT | 4 | 10 | xpu5 | וּמִשַּׁ֣עַר מְקוֹמ֑וֹ | 1 | the gate of his place | The gate of the town is where important legal decisions were made, such as decisions about who owns a piece of land. | |
| 186 | RUT | 4 | 11 | ua2a | הָעָ֧ם אֲשֶׁר־ בַּשַּׁ֛עַר | 1 | the people who were in the gate | people who were meeting together near the gate | |
| 187 | RUT | 4 | 11 | hg6q | figs-metaphor | הַבָּאָ֣ה אֶל־ בֵּיתֶ֗ךָ | 1 | is coming into your house | This has literal and figurative meaning. As Ruth marries Boaz, she will move into his house. House can also refer to becoming part of Boaz's family by being his wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
| 188 | RUT | 4 | 11 | q47m | כְּרָחֵ֤ל׀ וּכְלֵאָה֙ | 1 | like Rachel and Leah | These were the two wives of Jacob, whose name was changed to Israel. | |
| 189 | RUT | 4 | 11 | cz4t | בָּנ֤וּ ... אֶת־ בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל | 1 | built up the house of Israel | bore many children who became the nation of Israel | |
| 190 | RUT | 4 | 11 | uk9q | וַעֲשֵׂה־ חַ֣יִל בְּאֶפְרָ֔תָה | 1 | may you prosper in Ephrathah | Ephrathah is the name of the clan to which Boaz belonged in Bethlehem. | |
| 191 | RUT | 4 | 12 | fn52 | figs-metaphor | וִיהִ֤י בֵֽיתְךָ֙ כְּבֵ֣ית | 1 | May your house be like the house | God abundantly blessed Judah through his son Perez. The people were asking God to bless Boaz in a similar way through Ruth's children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
| 192 | RUT | 4 | 12 | a433 | יָלְדָ֥ה תָמָ֖ר לִֽיהוּדָ֑ה | 1 | Tamar bore to Judah | Tamar was also a widow. Judah fathered a son with her, which continued the family name. | |
| 193 | RUT | 4 | 12 | xym8 | מִן־ הַזֶּ֗רַע אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִתֵּ֤ן יְהוָה֙ לְךָ֔ | 1 | through the offspring that Yahweh will give you | Yahweh would give Boaz children through Ruth. | |
| 194 | RUT | 4 | 13 | u21g | וַיִּקַּ֨ח בֹּ֤עַז אֶת־ רוּת֙ | 1 | So Boaz took Ruth | ||
| 195 | RUT | 4 | 13 | gw77 | figs-euphemism | וַיָּבֹ֖א אֵלֶ֑יהָ | 1 | He went in to her | |
| 196 | RUT | 4 | 14 | qj8v | figs-doublenegatives | לֹ֣א הִשְׁבִּ֥ית לָ֛ךְ גֹּאֵ֖ל הַיּ֑וֹם | 1 | who has not left you today without a kinsman=redeemer | |
| 197 | RUT | 4 | 14 | p8p3 | וְיִקָּרֵ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ | 1 | May his name be famous | This refers to the reputation and character of Naomi's grandson. | |
| 198 | RUT | 4 | 15 | hz3e | לְמֵשִׁ֣יב נֶ֔פֶשׁ | 1 | a restorer of life | ||
| 199 | RUT | 4 | 15 | z5lw | וּלְכַלְכֵּ֖ל אֶת־ שֵׂיבָתֵ֑ךְ | 1 | a nourisher of your old age | he will take care of you when you become old | |
| 200 | RUT | 4 | 15 | rpc3 | figs-idiom | ט֣וֹבָה לָ֔ךְ מִשִּׁבְעָ֖ה בָּנִֽים | 1 | better to you than seven sons | |
| 201 | RUT | 4 | 16 | k1w4 | וַתִּקַּ֨ח נָעֳמִ֤י אֶת־ הַיֶּ֨לֶד֙ | 1 | Naomi took the child | This refers to Naomi holding the child. Make sure it does not sound like she took him away from Ruth. | |
| 202 | RUT | 4 | 16 | jn29 | וַתְּשִׁתֵ֣הוּ בְחֵיקָ֔הּ | 1 | laid him in her bosom | ||
| 203 | RUT | 4 | 17 | fkf2 | יֻלַּד־ בֵּ֖ן לְנָעֳמִ֑י | 1 | A son has been born to Naomi | ||
| 204 | RUT | 4 | 17 | f9ha | figs-explicit | אֲבִ֥י דָוִֽד | 1 | the father of David | |
| 205 | RUT | 4 | 18 | mzm1 | תּוֹלְד֣וֹת פָּ֔רֶץ | 1 | the descendants of Perez | ||
| 206 | RUT | 4 | 19 | rl3k | translate-names | וְחֶצְרוֹן֙ ... רָ֔ם | 1 | Hezron ... Ram | (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) |