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empowered him

This phrase means that Yahweh helped Othniel to have and develop the qualities he needed to be a great leader.

he judged Israel

Here "judged" means he led the people of Israel.

he went out to war

Here "he" refers to Othniel who represents himself and the army of Israel. AT: "Othniel and the Israelite soldiers went to fight against the army of Cushan-Rishathaim" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche)

Yahweh gave him victory over Cushan-Rishathaim king of Aram

Here "Cushan-Rishathaim" represents his army. AT: "Yahweh helped the Israelite army defeat the army of Cushan-Rishathaim king of Aram" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche)

The hand of Othniel

Here "hand" is a metonym for army. AT: "The army of Othniel" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)

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