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the corruption of the world

The word "defilements" refers to sinful behavior that makes one morally impure. The "world" refers to human society. AT: "the defiling practices of sinful human society" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)

through the knowledge of the Lord and Savior Jesus Christ

You can translate "knowledge" using a verbal phrase. See how you translated similar phrases in 2 Peter 1:2. AT: "by knowing the Lord and Savior Jesus Christ" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns)

the last state has become worse for them than the first

"their condition is worse than it was before"

the way of righteousness

Peter speaks of life as a "way" or path. This phrase refers to living a life that is according to God's will. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)

turn away from the holy commandment

Here "turn away from" is a metaphor that means to stop doing something. AT: "stop obeying the holy commandment" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)

the holy commandment delivered to them

This can be stated in active terms. AT: "the holy commandment that God delivered to them" or "the holy commandment that God made sure that they received" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)

This proverb is true for them

"This proverb applies to them" or "This proverb describes them"

A dog returns to its own vomit, and a washed pig returns to the mud

Peter uses two proverbs to illustrate how the false teachers, although they have known "the way of righteousness," have turned back to the things that make them morally and spiritually impure. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs)

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