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come short of the glory of God
Here the "glory of God" is a metonym that refers to the image of God and his nature. AT: "have failed to be like God" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)
they are freely justified by his grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus
Here "justified" refers to being made right with God. You can translate this in an active form. AT: "God makes them right with himself as a free gift, because Christ Jesus sets them free" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)
they are freely justified
This means that they are justified without having to earn or merit being justified. God freely justifies them. AT: "they are made right with God without earning it"