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My kingdom is not of this world
Here "world" is a metonym for the people who oppose Jesus. Possible meanings are 1) "My kingdom is not part of this world" or 2) "I do not need this world's permission to rule as their king" or "It is not from this world that I have authority to be king." (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)
so that I would not be given over to the Jews
You can translate this in an active form. AT: "and would prevent the Jewish leaders from arresting me" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)
the Jews
Here "Jews" is a synecdoche that refers to the Jewish leaders who opposed Jesus. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche)
I have come into the world
Here "world" is a synecdoche that refers to the people who live in the world. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche)
bear witness to the truth
Here "the truth" refers to the truth about God. AT: "tell people the truth about God" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit)
who belongs to the truth
This is an idiom that refers to anyone who loves the truth about God. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom)
my voice
Here "voice" is a synecdoche that refers to words Jesus says. AT: "the things I say" or "me" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche)