2.3 KiB
General Information:
Yahweh is speaking to the people of Babylon.
You rejoice, you celebrate
These terms mean the same thing and are used to emphasize how happy they were to conquer Israel. AT: "You people of Babylon rejoice, celebrate" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit)
You rejoice ... you jump ... you neigh ... bore you
Each instance of "You" or "you" is plural and refers to the people of Babylon. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns)
you jump around like a calf stamping in its pasture
The joy of the people of Babylon is compared to a calf who runs around joyfully in a pasture. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile)
stamping
the action a calf makes when kicking the ground
you neigh like a powerful horse
The people of Babylon are compared to stallions that are making loud noises because they are excited. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile)
So your mother will be greatly ashamed; the one who bore you will be embarrassed
These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of her embarrassment. The words "mother" and "the one who bore you" refer either to Babylonia or to the city of Babylon. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
the least of nations
"the most unimportant nation"
a wilderness, a dry land, and a desert
These words have basically the same meaning and emphasize the complete barrenness of the land. Possible meanings are 1) this is a metaphor for an uninhabited place or 2) this refers to Babylon literally becoming a barren wilderness. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
a complete devastation
The abstract noun "devastation" can be stated as a verb. AT: "completely destroyed" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns)
shudder
shake violently due to fear
hiss
make a sound like a snake that means great disapproval