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the rod that struck you is broken

The rod that struck Philistia represents a king who sent his army to attack them. Being broken represents either being dead or being defeated. AT: "the king that sent his army against you is dead" or "the army that attacked you is defeated" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)

For out of the serpent's root will grow out an adder ... his offspring will be a fiery flying serpent

These two phrases are both the image of a serpent's offspring being even more harmful than the serpent. They represent a king's successor being more powerful and cruel than the first king. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)

an adder

a kind of poisonous snake

a fiery flying serpent

Here the word "fiery" probably refers to the serpent's poisonous bite, and the word "flying" refers to its quick movements. AT: "a quickly moving poisonous snake" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)

The firstborn of the poor

This represents the poorest people. AT: "The poorest people" or "The poorest of my people" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)

I will kill your root with famine that will put to death all your survivors

Here "your root" refers to the people of Philistia. AT: "I will kill your people with famine that will put to death all your survivors" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)

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