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I have seen this people
Here Yahweh compares knowing the people to seeing them. AT: "I know this people" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
a stiff-necked people
Yahweh speaks of the people being stubborn as if they had stiff necks. AT: "a stubborn people" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
Now then
The word "now" is used here to mark a break in what Yahweh was telling Moses. Here Yahweh tells what he will do to the people.
My anger will burn hot against them
Yahweh speaks of his anger as if it were a fire that could burn hot. AT: "My anger towards them will be terrible" or "I am extremely angry with them" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
from you
The word "you" refers to Moses. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you)
why does your anger burn against your people ... a mighty hand?
Moses used this question to to try to persuade Yahweh not to be so angry with his people. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. AT: "Do not let your anger burn against your people ... a mighty hand." or "Do not be so angry with your people ... a mighty hand." (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion)
great power ... mighty hand
These two phrases share similar meanings and are combined for emphasis. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet)
a mighty hand
Here the word "hand" refers to the things Yahweh did. AT: "and the powerful things you did" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)