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2	front:intro	u3jc		Introduction to Job Part 1: General Introduction Outline of Job Job is introduced (1:1–2:13) Job is blameless and wealthy (1:1–5) Yahweh allows Satan to test Job (1:6–2:10) Three friends speak to Job (3:1–14:22) Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar Job replies to each They speak to him again (15:1–21:34) Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar Job replies to each They speak a third time (22:1–31:40) Eliphaz and Bildad Job replies to each Elihu speaks to Job (32:1–37:24) Yahweh answers Job out of the whirlwind (38:1–41:34) Job is humbled before Yahweh (42:1–6) Yahweh rebukes Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar (42:7–9) Yahweh prospers Job again (42:10–17) What is the Book of Job about? The Book of Job is about a man named Job who experienced disaster even though he was faithful to Yahweh. Job speaks with three friends and asks why Yahweh lets him experience trials and losses. The book teaches that we cannot understand all of Yahweh’s ways, and when we suffer, it is more important to trust Yahweh than it is to understand the reason for the suffering. How should the title of this book be translated? The Book of Job is named for Job, the main character in the book. His name is not related to the English word “job.” Translators might use the traditional title of “The Book of Job” or just “Job.” Or they may choose a clearer title, such as “The Book About Job” or “The Book About a Man Named Job.” Who wrote the Book of Job? We do not know who wrote the Book of Job. Many people suggest that Moses composed or compiled the book, but it may have been written after the time of Moses. Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts Does sin cause suffering? When a person sins against Yahweh, it can cause the person to experience suffering. People in the ancient Near East generally believed that a person suffered because they or their ancestors sinned against God. This is what many religions teach. However, the Book of Job shows that a person may suffer even if he or she has not sinned. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) Were Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar really Job’s friends? Job 2:11 refers to Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar as the friends of Job. But they did not comfort Job. Instead, they tried to persuade Job to say something about God that Job believed was not true. So we might wonder if it is right to translate the word as “friends.” They did care about Job and they wanted to help him. However, what they said did not help Job because they did not understand the truth about God. When did the events in the Book of Job take place? We do not know when the events in the Book of Job took place. It seems to be set around the time of Abraham and Isaac in the Book of Genesis. However, some verses are similar to ones in the Books of Proverbs and Isaiah, which are set much later. Part 3: Important Translation Issues What style of writing is in the Book of Job? The writer starts and ends the Book of Job by telling what happened to Job in narrative form. He wrote the other parts in poetry form. In the ancient Near East, writers often used poetry to discuss matters of wisdom. Is the Book of Job difficult to translate? The Book of Job has many uncommon words and phrases, making parts of it hard to understand translate. For this reason, translators may decide to translate this book after they have translated other books of the Bible. However, since the writer did not connect Job with a specific time or place in history, the translator may decide to translate this book before other Old Testament books.
3	1:intro	lym1		Job 01 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter introduces a story about a man named Job who lives during a time long before the author. Special concepts in this chapter Wealth Job is very rich. During his time, a man’s wealth is measured by the number of animals he owns. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Feasts Job is a very godly man and celebrates Yahweh’s provision by having feasts. It must be remembered that Job lives prior to the law of Moses, so his religious practices are different than the Hebrew people after Moses. The events of this book occur about the same time as the life of Abraham. Therefore, this book corresponds more with Genesis 12-50 than the rest of the Old Testament. (See:[[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) Job’s faith Satan believes that Job’s faith is based on Yahweh’s blessings. He challenges Yahweh to remove these blessings from Job’s life because he thinks that Job will no longer trust in Yahweh if this happens. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]], [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])
4	1:1	k5g4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Possible locations are (1) a place in ancient Edom east of the Jordan River in modern western Jordan or (2) a place east of the Euphrates River in modern Iran. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
5	1:1	r5aj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	The words “blameless” and “upright” share similar meanings and emphasize that Job was a righteous man. Alternate translation: “one who did what was right before God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
6	1:1	qj15		“one who honored God”
7	1:1	y3ar	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here evil is spoken of as if it were a place that a person could avoid going to, instead of the doing of evil actions. Alternate translation: “refused to do evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
8	1:2	ntr7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“7 sons and 3 daughters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
9	1:3	t1ua	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“He had 7,000 sheep” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
10	1:3	mmd3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“3,000 camels” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
11	1:3	l5f2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“500 pairs of oxen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
12	1:3	x4bu		“the richest”
13	1:3	csw9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The refers to places that were east of Canaan. Alternate translation: “all the people who live in lands that were east of Canaan” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
14	1:4	i4lf		The word “day” perhaps refers to the day when they celebrated the son’s birth. But it at least refers to the idea that the sons each took a turn in holding a feast. Alternate translation: “On each son’s birthday, the son would give” or “Each son in turn would give”
15	1:4	ey91		“he habitually gave … They habitually sent and called for “
16	1:4	x3v2		The word “them” refers to the seven sons and the three daughters but does not include Job.
17	1:5	ik8z		“he habitually gave … They habitually sent and called for … Job habitually sent … he habitually consecrated … He habitually rose early in the morning and offered … he habitually said”
18	1:5	s2c6		“When the feast was over” or “After the feast”
19	1:5	w9xc		“Job habitually sent someone to call them to come to him”
20	1:5	k14m		Here “consecrate” means to ask God to take away any ritual impurities that Job’s children might have brought upon themselves as they happily feasted together. Job did this by making sacrifices to God for them.
21	1:5	du2j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Their “hearts” represent their thoughts. Often such thoughts could come unintentionally, without the person wanting to think them. Alternate translation: “cursed God in their thoughts” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
22	1:6	i5iw		“At the time when” or “One day when.” This is not a specific day but apparently the gathering happened often.
23	1:6	n2re		This refers to angels, heavenly beings.
24	1:6	uwv6		“to stand together before Yahweh as he commanded them to do.”
25	1:6	k7e8		This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
26	1:7	plj3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The phrases “wandering” and “going back and forth” refer to the activity of traveling all over the earth in order to emphasize its completeness. Alternate translation: “From going everywhere on the earth” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
27	1:8	s9h2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	“Have you thought about my servant Job?” Here God is beginning to talk with Satan about Job. Alternate translation: “Consider my servant Job” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
28	1:8	ncu7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	The words “blameless” and “upright” share similar meanings and emphasize that Job was a righteous man. See how you translated this in Job 1:1. Alternate translation: “one who did what was right before God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
29	1:8	n9a8		“one who honors God.” See how you translated this in Job 1:1.
30	1:9	i5tn	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	“Does Job respect God for no reason?” Satan responds to God by presenting and answering his own question. He says that Job obeys God only because God blesses him. Alternate translation: “Job has a reason for obeying God.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
31	1:10	f5z2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Satan states the facts to support his argument. Alternate translation: “You have protected him, his family and everything he owns” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
32	1:10	r7xt	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Just as a barrier such as a wall or a hedge surrounds and protects one’s land, God has surrounded Job with his protection. Alternate translation: “protected him and his house and all that is his” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
33	1:10	l9et		“everything that he does”
34	1:10	xg3q		“he has more and more livestock in the land”
35	1:11	k6w4		Satan means that if God attacks Job, he will see how Job responds. Alternate translation: “But now, if you stretch out your hand and touch all that he has, you will see that he will curse you to your face”
36	1:11	y4qi	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” refers to God’s power to act. “But now use your power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
37	1:11	ax31	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “touch” represents the action of harming or destroying. Alternate translation: “attack all that he has” or “destroy all that he has” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
38	1:11	bn3v		“in your hearing.” This refers to a time when God is paying attention.
39	1:12	d2uy		“Look” or “Pay attention to all that I am about to tell you”
40	1:12	bul4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” represents someone’s power to control something. Alternate translation: “you have power over all that he has” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
41	1:12	b94v		“against his life”
42	1:12	gn4s		“departed from Yahweh” or “left Yahweh”
43	1:15	s7b7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This refers to a people in a region in modern day Yemen. Here it represents a group of raiders or bandits. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
44	1:15	eib3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “fell” represents the idea of attacking. Alternate translation: “attacked them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
45	1:15	jw7q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here striking represents killing. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
46	1:15	ple3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “edge” represents the part of swords that kill people, that is, either the point or the sharp edge. Also, all the swords of the Sabeans are spoken of as if they were only one sword. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
47	1:16	a5g7		“he” refers to the first messenger
48	1:16	p6dx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	This refers to another messenger. Alternate translation: “another messenger also came” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
49	1:16	bpd8		See how you translated this in Job 1:15.
50	1:17	mu5j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “edge” represents the part of swords that kill people, that is, either the point or the sharp edge. Also, all the swords of the Chaldeans are spoken of as if they were only one sword. See how you translated this in Job 1:15. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
51	1:18	s99m		See how you translated this in Job 1:13.
52	1:19	l53s		“A tornado” or “A desert storm”
53	1:19	vau5		“the structural supports of the house”
54	1:19	t6zp		“The house fell on your sons and daughters”
55	1:19	s3kd		See how you translated this in Job 1:15.
56	1:20	d1w8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	These were ritual mourning actions, symbolizing deep grief. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
57	1:21	wph4		“At my birth, I brought nothing into the world, and at my death I will return to the earth with nothing”
58	1:22	l3ef		“Regarding all this that happened”
59	1:22	xns1		“say that God had done wrong”
60	2:intro	ke5i		Job 02 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter repeats the concepts of the previous chapter, but this time it is more severe. After losing his wealth, Job’s health is taken from him. His wife also begins to encourage Job to sin by cursing Yahweh. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])
61	2:1	rz1x		This verse is almost exactly the same as Job 1:6 and can probably be translated in the same way.
62	2:1	r1zs		See how you translated this in Job 1:6.
63	2:1	hst1		This is not a specific day. The gathering happened often. Alternate translation: “at the time when” or “one day when”
64	2:1	dg33		See how you translated this in Job 1:6.
65	2:1	jay2		See how you translated this in Job 1:6.
66	2:2	vu2m		This verse is exactly the same as Job 1:7 and can probably be translated in the same way.
67	2:3	t8ds		This verse is the same as Job 1:8, except for the addition of “He still holds fast to his integrity, although you misled me against him, to destroy him without cause.”
68	2:3	d12l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This rhetorical question actually makes a statement.See how you translated this in Job 1:8. Alternate translation: “Consider my servant Job.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
69	2:3	uz5k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	The words “blameless” and “upright” share similar meanings and emphasize that Job was a righteous man. See how you translated a similar phrase in Job 1:1. Alternate translation: “one who did what was right before God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
70	2:3	eq69		See how you translated this in Job 1:1.
71	2:3	awm6		“remains completely dedicated to doing what is good and right”
72	2:3	khj6		“persuaded me without cause to attack him”
73	2:3	p2iq		Here “destroy” represents “make poor.” Alternate translation: “to make him a poor man”
74	2:4	s8ua	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	“Skin” here is a metonym for Job’s life. Alternate translation: “A person will do anything to save his own life, even accept the loss of possessions and loved ones” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
75	2:5	d2rf		Satan means that if God attacks Job, he will see how Job responds. Alternate translation: “But now, if you stretch out your hand and touch his bones and his flesh, you will see that he will curse you to your face”
76	2:5	id2l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” refers to God’s power to act. “But now use your power.” See how you translated this in Job 1:11. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
77	2:5	cz3l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “touch” represents the action of harming. Alternate translation: “attack” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
78	2:5	qau8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	This expression represents Job’s body. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
79	2:5	i3ij		See how you translated this in Job 1:11.
80	2:5	b5lr	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This refers to a time when God is paying attention. Alternate translation: “in your hearing” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
81	2:7	fj98		See how you translated this in Job 1:12.
82	2:7	gtz9		“He caused Job to suffer greatly with painful boils”
83	2:7	ts4r		large, itching and painful skin infections
84	2:8	k22q		The scraping scratches the skin to lessen the itch.
85	2:8	f72v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	This probably refers to a place where trash and garbage were dumped and perhaps burned. Sitting in such a place was a sign of deep mourning. Alternate translation: “sat on the trash heap” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
86	2:9	v1yj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This rhetorical question represents a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not still be holding fast to your integrity.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
87	2:9	wgb4		“Reject God”
88	2:10	p6a8		“You talk the way a stupid woman talks”
89	2:10	hrr4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This rhetorical question represents a statement. Alternate translation: “We should certainly receive the bad from God as well as the good.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
90	2:10	i8pq		“benefit from all the good things”
91	2:10	ltp4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun	This represents all the good things that God gives us. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
92	2:10	gz46		“suffer all the bad things without complaining”
93	2:10	kiz6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun	This represents all the bad things that God makes or allows us to experience. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
94	2:10	wj2i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “lips” represents the act of speaking. Alternate translation: “sin by speaking against God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
95	2:11	c4dm	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar are men’s names. Teman was a city in Edom. Shuhites are the decedents of Abraham and Keturah. Naamah was a city in Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
96	2:11	s59z		“agreed on a time”
97	2:11	en96	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	Here the words “mourn with” and “comfort” share similar meanings. The friends try to comfort Job by mourning with him. Alternate translation: “to grieve with Job in order to help ease his suffering” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
98	2:12	fu87	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom that means “they looked intently” or “they looked carefully.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
99	2:12	kle6		This probably means that Job’s visitors did not recognize him at first, when they saw him at a distance. Job looked very different than usual because of his grief and because of the sores covering his body. Alternate translation: “they barely recognized him”
100	2:12	jd72	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here “raised their voices” is an idiom that means they became loud. Alternate translation: “They wept out loud” or “They wept loudly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
101	2:12	ira1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	This was a sign of mourning. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
102	2:12	zzf1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	These were signs of mourning. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
103	3:intro	jci9		Job 03 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical questions Job uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these rhetorical questions is to show Job’s earnest desire. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
104	3:1	hmv8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This idiom means he began to speak. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
105	3:3	z3eb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Job speaks of that day and night as if they were people. Alternate translation: “I wish that I had never been born” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
106	3:3	zca2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	This expression intensifies the statement of Job’s grief by going even further back in time from his birth to his conception. Alternate translation: “the night that said, ‘A boy has been conceived’ perish.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
107	3:3	q9nj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Here the night is spoken of as if it were a person who could speak. The translator may choose, however, to translate it in a less metaphorical way. Alternate translation: “the night about which people said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
108	3:3	ka1k		This may be put into active form. Alternate translation: “his mother has conceived a male child”
109	3:4	l7yy		The expressions in these verses are all wishes that the day of Job’s birth would no longer exist. This may imply that the day, although in the past, still existed somehow. The UST translates them as expressions of sadness about what that day was like.
110	3:4	hr5h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two clauses describe the darkness of the day of Job’s birth, thus repeating Job’s regret that he had been born. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
111	3:4	n4h1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This is a wish for that day to not exist any longer. Alternate translation: “may that day disappear” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
112	3:5	xpc5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Here darkness and the shadow of death are spoken of as if they were people who could claim something as their own possession. The word “it” refers to the day of Job’s birth. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
113	3:5	lz4e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here a shadow represents death itself. Alternate translation: “death like a shadow” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
114	3:5	ci87	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here a cloud is spoken of as if it were a person who could live over the day of Job’s birth. Alternate translation: “May a cloud cover it so no one can see it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
115	3:5	tz1j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This refers to things that block out the sun’s light and create darkness. Here “black” represents darkness. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
116	3:5	j4if	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	“terrify that day.” The day is spoken of as if it were a person who could be terrified by the darkness. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
117	3:6	g44b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	This darkness is again spoken of as if it were a person who could grasp and hold the night. Alternate translation: “may thick darkness make it disappear” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
118	3:6	mfe2		“deep darkness” or “complete darkness”
119	3:6	hgn9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	The word “it” refers to the night of Job’s birth or conception. The night of Job’s conception is spoken of as if it were a person who should not rejoice. Alternate translation: “May that night vanish from the calendar” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
120	3:6	d2mp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	That night is spoken of as if it were a person who could walk. Alternate translation: “may no one count it in the number” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
121	3:7	sh3e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	The night of Job’s birth is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate translation: “may no child be born on that night” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
122	3:7	cdr2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here that the night of Job’s birth is spoken of as if it were a time when it was still possible for someone to be happy. Alternate translation: “may no one hear the happy cry at the birth of a son” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
123	3:7	i8zr	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here the voice stands for a person who is happy. Alternate translation: “may no one be happy in it ever again” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
124	3:8	i4gt		Job is probably referring here to sorcerers and magicians, who he believes might be able to even provoke Leviathan in spreading chaos. Leviathan was an animal well known in Ancient Near Eastern mythology, which was thought to be responsible for all kinds of destruction, disorder, and chaos.
125	3:9	eeu1		This refers to the planets that are often visible just before dawn. Alternate translation: “May the stars that appear before that day’s first light be dark”
126	3:9	fcl4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	The day of Job’s birth is spoken of as if it were a person looking for something. Alternate translation: “May that day hope for light, but have none” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
127	3:9	max2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	The dawn is spoken of as if it had eyelids as a person has. Alternate translation: “nor see the first light of the dawn” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
128	3:10	ta9d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	A woman’s womb is spoken of as if it were a container with doors. Alternate translation: “because that day did not close my mother’s womb” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
129	3:10	juv2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	The day of Job’s birth is spoken of here as if it were a person who could hide something. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
130	3:10	e47i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “eyes” represents the person who sees with them. Alternate translation: “from me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
131	3:11	kur9		This passage contains four rhetorical questions, which Job asks in order to really make a series of statements.
132	3:11	gg8p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	“Why did I not die at birth?” Job poses this question in order to curse the day of his birth and to express his anguish. Alternate translation: “I wish I had died the day I was born” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
133	3:11	mh8p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job means to say that he should not have been born alive. Alternate translation: “I wish I had died when I came out of the womb.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
134	3:11	hh1m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This refers to dying. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
135	3:12	v9p9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This perhaps refers to the lap of Job’s mother. His mother’s knees are spoken of as if they were people who could welcome a newborn baby. Alternate translation: “I wish there had been no lap to receive me.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
136	3:12	j91k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job’s mother’s breasts are spoken of as if they also were people who could welcome a newborn baby. Alternate translation: “I wish there had been no breasts for me to nurse.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
137	3:13	aal1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Job begins talking about what would have been true if he had never been born. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
138	3:13	v6g8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Job uses two sentences to think about what it would be like if he had never been born or had died at birth. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
139	3:13	pv57	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Job imagines something that could have happened in the past but which did not happen, as noted above. Alternate translation: “I should have been lying down quietly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
140	3:13	hw7g		“asleep, resting peacefully”
141	3:13	e4ks	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here the word “rest” means to sleep peacefully, but also that Job would not be experiencing the pain that he does. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
142	3:14	m4i4		“with kings and their advisers”
143	3:15	b6t5		Job continues talking about what would have been true if he had never been born.
144	3:15	kr3y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	This describes something that might have happened but did not happen. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
145	3:15	kq2m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	“I would be resting with princes.” In this phrase, the words “lying” and “resting” are a polite way of saying “no longer alive.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
146	3:15	b79w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Job uses parallelism to emphasize what he is saying. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
147	3:16	eqh2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Job continues talking about what would have been true if he had never been born. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
148	3:16	qn46		“I would have died in my mother’s womb”
149	3:16	qu2s		“like babies who have never been born”
150	3:16	j5tv		“babies” or “very small children”
151	3:17	ip8q		Job changes his talk from dying to life after death.
152	3:17	t3ap	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Job uses parallelism to emphasize that the lowly will find rest from those causing them hardship. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
153	3:17	ar3h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Job is talking about the place where people go after they stop living. Alternate translation: “In that place, evil people stop causing trouble” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
154	3:18	zbk5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “voice” is a metonym for the power that the slave drivers have over the slaves. Alternate translation: “They are no longer under the control of the slave drivers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
155	3:19	yv5l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism	This is a figure of speech which means “all people, both poor people and rich people.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
156	3:19	xrv1		A servant is no longer obligated to serve his master.
157	3:20	a8g2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Job’s two questions mean basically the same thing. He is wondering why those who face hardship continue to live. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
158	3:20	zq45	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Here Job is wondering why people must stay alive and suffer. Alternate translation: “I do not understand why God gives life to a person who is suffering” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
159	3:20	naz6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here light represents life. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
160	3:20	q28e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	“why does God give life to a miserable person?” Alternate translation: “I do not understand why God gives life to a person who is very unhappy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
161	3:21	hbh3		This is the end of the question that Job begins asking with the words “Why is life given … bitter in soul” (verse 20).
162	3:21	mg33	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here death is spoken of as if it were an object coming toward someone. Alternate translation: “to a person who no longer wants to be alive, but is still alive” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
163	3:21	lgj7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	A person hoping to die is spoken of as if he were digging for buried treasure. Alternate translation: “to a person who wants to stop living more than he wants to look for hidden riches” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
164	3:22	p5zy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Here Job uses a question to make a statement. Alternate translation: “I do not understand why God allows a person to keep living when the person would be very happy to be buried in the ground” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
165	3:22	z97v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	The phrase “rejoices very much” means basically the same thing as “is glad.” Together, the two phrases emphasize the intensity of gladness. Alternate translation: “one who is extremely happy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
166	3:22	p53t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	This is a polite way of referring to dying. Alternate translation: “when he is dead and can be buried” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
167	3:22	ihl7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the grave represents death. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
168	3:23	fk1v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job asks this question in order to make a statement. Alternate translation: “God should not give life to a man and then take away his future and confine him.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
169	3:23	n6ge	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here light represents life. Alternate translation: “Why does God keep a man alive” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
170	3:23	xgh3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here Job speaks of his future, which he does not know in advance, as if God had hidden it from him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
171	3:23	f9q5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here being in difficulties and dangers is spoken of as if it were being confined within narrow limits. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
172	3:24	z8a9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Job expresses his anguish in two ways. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
173	3:24	ya6w		“Instead of eating, I mourn”
174	3:24	jp2u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Moral qualities and emotions such as grief are often spoken of as if they were water. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
175	3:25	pvp2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two phrases mean the same thing. Alternate translation: “what I feared most has happened to me” or “my worst fear has come true” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
176	3:26	f53t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Job expresses his anguish in three separate phrases. Alternate translation: “I am very anxious” or “I am emotionally and physically tormented” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
177	4:intro	kk87		Job 04 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is the advice of Job’s friend, Eliphaz. Special concepts in this chapter Eliphaz’s advice Eliphaz tells Job to curse Yahweh. The advice Eliphaz gives to Job is bad advice. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical questions Eliphaz uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to form Eliphaz’s argument. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
178	4:1	e5n4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Eliphaz is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
179	4:1	c3fq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	A Temanite belongs to the tribe of Teman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
180	4:2	y6k8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Eliphaz asks this question in order to make a statement. Alternate translation: “you will surely be impatient.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
181	4:2	knx6		“will that annoy you?”
182	4:2	n3sr	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Eliphaz asks this question to say that no one who sees a friend suffering can remain silent. Alternate translation: “No one can restrain himself from speaking (to a friend in such a state as you find yourself)” or “I must speak to you, (seeing that you are in a state of grief).” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
183	4:3	piw1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	This verse states a single idea in two different ways. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
184	4:3	fe8q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “weak hands” represents people who need help. Alternate translation: “you have helped others when they needed help” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
185	4:4	lvl1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The writer uses parallelism in each of these verses to make one idea using two different statements to emphasize (1) the support that Job has given others in the past, (2) the effect on him of his present troubles, and (3) his piety before God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
186	4:4	tqj5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Someone who has been encouraged is spoken of as if he were kept from falling down. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
187	4:4	fnd5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here becoming discouraged is spoken of as if it were falling down. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
188	4:4	c21w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here discouragement is spoken of as if it were a person whose weak knees could not keep him upright. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
189	4:5	jv44	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here trouble is spoken of as if it were an object that could come to a person. Alternate translation: “But now you suffer from disasters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
190	4:5	w2d1		“you are discouraged”
191	4:6	b27y		“the fact that you honor God”
192	4:6	jv9m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Eliphaz asks these questions in order to tell Job that it is because of his sin that he is suffering. Alternate translation: “Everyone thinks that you honor God; everyone thinks that you are an honest man. But these things must not be true, because you do not trust God any longer.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
193	4:6	w4dn	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Eliphaz means Job’s fear of God. Alternate translation: “your fear of God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
194	4:6	nh5w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “your ways” represents “your conduct,” “how you behave.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
195	4:7	ctx8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Eliphaz uses this question to prompt Job to search his life for sin (and God’s righteous judgment) as the cause of his loss. Alternate translation: “No one has ever perished when innocent.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
196	4:7	ci3b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question also means to make a statement, and may be put into active form. Alternate translation: “No one has ever cut off an upright person” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
197	4:7	mq2s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here being cut off represents being destroyed. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
198	4:8	yw7b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here the actions of plowing and sowing represent causing trouble for other people. The action of reaping represents suffering the trouble that one has himself caused. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
199	4:9	a93h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The writer explains a single idea using two different statements. This is a form of Hebrew poetry used for emphasis, clarity, teaching, or all three. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
200	4:9	g9mp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This may represent the action of God giving a command. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
201	4:9	my29	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This expression suggests the heavy breathing that a person sometimes does through his nose when he is very angry. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
202	4:9	sm4n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The second builds on the first. They make the same point by using meanings that increase the result. “By the puff of God’s mouth they die; the rushing wind of his anger devastates them.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
203	4:9	l8s1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	The second phrase builds on the first. They make the same point. “By the puff of God’s breath they die, the rushing wind of his anger devastates them.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
204	4:9	trx3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here being consumed or eaten represents being killed. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
205	4:10	vnp3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The writer uses parallelism in these verses, conveying a single idea using different statements to emphasize God’s destruction of wicked people. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
206	4:10	mw99	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here a lion’s roar, his voice, and his teeth being broken are used as pictures of the wicked being destroyed. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
207	4:10	l75n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This may be put into active form. Alternate translation: “something breaks them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
208	4:11	uru1		Eliphaz uses the picture of an old lion dying of hunger and of a lion’s family being scattered as metaphors for the wicked being destroyed.
209	4:11	n8m2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “something scatters the cubs of the lioness” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
210	4:12	n1td	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These phrases express the same idea in a different way. They convey the idea that Eliphaz heard a message whispered to him. This repetition is a form of Hebrew poetry used frequently for emphasis, teaching, or clarity. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
211	4:13	h37a		“dreams”
212	4:13	er9t		“when people sleep very deeply”
213	4:14	p54m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The writer uses parallelism in these verses, conveying a single idea using different statements to emphasize Eliphaz’s fear. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
214	4:14	pp18	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here fear and trembling are spoken of as if they were objects that could come to a person. Alternate translation: “I began to be afraid and to tremble” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
215	4:15	j3h8		This indicates great fear.
216	4:15	s6t7		“the hair on my body”
217	4:16	c4qg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The writer uses parallelism in verse 17, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize a question about the purity of man before God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
218	4:16	vak8		“Something was before my eyes,” “I saw something”
219	4:16	dat7		“then I heard”
220	4:17	qqw3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Eliphaz poses this question so that Job will consider, “Do I regard myself as more righteous than God?” or “Am I justified before God?” Alternate translation: “A mortal man cannot be more righteous than God.” or “A mortal man cannot be righteous before God.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
221	4:17	hw7d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question has the same purpose as the previous question. Alternate translation: “A man cannot be more pure than his Maker.” or “A man cannot be pure before his Maker.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
222	4:17	r4a7		“his Creator”
223	4:19	x3pk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This is a figurative way of describing human beings, who were created out of the dust of the earth and whose bodies are like houses, which are made of clay and have dirt foundations. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
224	4:19	r4dq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Possible meanings for this metaphor are (1) “who God destroys as easily as he crushes a moth” or (2) “whose lives are as short as the life of a moth.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
225	4:20	ajf2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These verses continue the earlier use of parallelism, here emphasizing in different ways the idea that people die suddenly without having achieved wisdom and without concern from others. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
226	4:20	m44u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This refers to the idea of something happening quickly. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
227	4:20	znp6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This may also be put into active form. Alternate translation: “they die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
228	4:21	n9su	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This may be put into active form. Alternate translation: “Have not their enemies plucked up their tent cords from among them?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
229	4:21	ugp9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here tent cords represent a tent. Sometimes a person’s home and family are pictured as his tent, which can also represent all his possessions. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
230	5:intro	kq38		Job 05 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of the advice of Job’s friend, Eliphaz. Special concepts in this chapter Eliphaz’s advice Eliphaz tells Job to curse Yahweh. The advice Eliphaz gives to Job is bad advice. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) Sickness and sin In the ancient Near East, it was common to believe that a person’s illness was caused by sin. It was seen as the punishment of a god. While Yahweh may punish people because of their sin, not all sicknesses are caused by sin. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical questions Eliphaz uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to build Eliphaz’s argument. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
231	5:1	gaw4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Eliphaz poses this question to make the point that there is no one Job can turn to for help. Alternate translation: “Is there a holy one to whom you may turn?” or “There is no holy one to whom you can turn for help.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
232	5:1	n2rw		This refers to supernatural beings of some kind, whether angels or other spirits.
233	5:2	v7ip		“jealousy kills anyone who acts ignorantly and impulsively”
234	5:2	wt27	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun	any silly person (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
235	5:3	bn1m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun	any foolish person (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
236	5:3	za27	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here a person is spoken of as if he were a plant, perhaps becoming more foolish over time. Alternate translation: “a foolish person becoming grounded in foolishness” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
237	5:3	lcr1		This refers to the person’s family and all his property.
238	5:4	j2um	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These verses continue the earlier use of parallelism, here emphasizing in different ways the idea that the children of foolish people are never safe. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
239	5:4	yz4i		“His” refers to the foolish person or the foolish people in Job 5:2. Alternate translation: “Their children are never safe”
240	5:4	i7p9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here being crushed represents being oppressed, taken advantage of, at court. This idea may be put into active form. Alternate translation: “someone crushes them” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
241	5:4	e8js		The city gate, functioning as a court, was the place where disputes were resolved and where judgments were given.
242	5:4	ep6h		“There is no one to help the foolish people’s children out of their hardship”
243	5:5	k9ap		This perhaps refers to parts of a field where the worst crops grow, because of thorn plants present.
244	5:5	ded6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here greedy people are spoken of as if they were thirsty, and the wealth of the foolish person is spoken of as if it were something that they could drink. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
245	5:6	kx25	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here difficulties and trouble are spoken of as if they were plants. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
246	5:7	kz2s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	It is as natural for people, once they are born, to have trouble as it is for sparks to fly up from a fire. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
247	5:8	ahg3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	In these verses, Eliphaz continues his speech from Job 4:1. The writer continues to use parallelism in each verse, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize that Job needs to plead his case to God who does wonderful things. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
248	5:9	ep8u		“great things that cannot be understood, wonders that cannot be counted”
249	5:9	l8rt	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This refers to things that mankind cannot understand. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
250	5:9	ga9h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys	Here the writer uses two independent words connected by “and” to emphasize the greatness of God’s actions. Alternate translation: “greatly profound things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
251	5:9	sa4u		“wonderful things” or “wonders”
252	5:11	w7ab	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The writer continues to use parallelism in each verse, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize how God lifts those who are lowly and debases those who are cunning. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
253	5:11	die2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Humble people in distress are spoken of as if they were in a low position. When God rescues them, they receive honor. When this happens, they are spoken of as being raised up and put into a high position. Alternate translation: “God does this in order to rescue and honor the humble who have been suffering” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
254	5:12	z3jy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here stopping the plans of crafty people is spoken of as if they were things that could be physically broken. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
255	5:13	rw2w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here making wise people suffer for their own evil actions is spoken of as if it were catching them in traps. Their own actions are spoken of as if they were those traps. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
256	5:13	zp4c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here being evil in a clever way is spoken of as if it were being twisted. Alternate translation: “those who are cunning” or “those who are devious” or “those who are shrewd” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
257	5:14	igd7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The writer continues to use parallelism in each verse, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize how God debases those who are cunning and saves those who are poor. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
258	5:14	w5uy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here the cunning, wicked people whom God confuses are spoken of as if they unexpectedly are in the dark at noon, when the sun is at its highest position in the sky. They cannot do anything they wish to do, because they cannot see. Alternate translation: “Those who are cunning are in the dark, even at noontime” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
259	5:14	ua15		feel around like a blind person
260	5:14	vnt6		the middle of the day, when the sun is highest and brightest
261	5:15	i885	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here the insulting and threatening things that people say are spoken of as if they were a sword in their mouths. Alternate translation: “But he saves the poor person from the threats of the mighty” or “But he saves the poor person when the mighty threaten or insult them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
262	5:16	exr5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	People who say unjust things are spoken of as if they were the injustice itself, who must stop speaking. Alternate translation: “It is as though injustice shut her own mouth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
263	5:17	sq3f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The writer continues to use parallelism in verses 18 and 19, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize God’s acts of chastening and healing. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
264	5:17	izq1		God is pictured as a parent correcting or instructing a child.
265	5:17	jr16		“God really favors the man whom he corrects”
266	5:17	g1br		“do not reject” or “do not consider worthless”
267	5:17	c4un		“instruction” or “correction” or “discipline”
268	5:18	fx57		“For he wounds but binds up; he crushes but his hands heal”
269	5:18	dgs2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “his hands” represents God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
270	5:19	q4qe	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The use of increasing numbers such as “six” and “seven” represents the idea of many, many times. Alternate translation: “He will rescue you out of trouble over and over again; indeed, time after time, no evil will touch you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
271	5:20	s1h6		The shift in pronoun from “he” to “you” which began in Job 5:19 continues through the end of Eliphaz’s speech in Job 5:27.
272	5:20	q1gi	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here rescuing is spoken of as if it were ransoming, buying back. Alternate translation: “In famine God will rescue you from danger” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
273	5:20	cy63	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “hands” probably represents the people who attack with weapons, including swords. Alternate translation: “violent people” or “people who attack you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
274	5:21	h9ag	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	Here “destruction” refers to the danger of being destroyed by enemies. Alternate translation: “that any enemy will destroy you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
275	5:22	m19v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage	Here “laugh” represents that the person is not afraid. Alternate translation: “You will not be afraid of any danger of destruction or famine” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
276	5:22	dbx6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This refers to wild animals. Alternate translation: “wild animals” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
277	5:23	ed53	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The writer continues to use parallelism in each of these verses, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize security with regard to the natural world, the homestead, and one’s descendants. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
278	5:23	kt43	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here the stones in farmers’ fields are spoken of as if they were people that someone could have a covenant with. Alternate translation: “the stones in your fields will be like people who promise that they will not make any trouble for you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
279	5:23	rr79	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This refers to dangerous wild animals. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
280	5:24	ew8g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “tent” represents a person’s family, household, and all his possessions. Alternate translation: “You will know that your family, servants, and everything you own are safe” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
281	5:24	i2fj		“when you visit where your flock stays at night, you will find all your sheep there”
282	5:25	fxb7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “seed” represents a person’s descendants. Alternate translation: “your descendants will be many” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
283	5:25	f961	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Here “offspring” are spoken of as if they were as many as blades of grass, and probably as thriving, too. Alternate translation: “your descendants will be as many and as alive as the grass that grows” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
284	5:26	a9gt		“You will die at a very old age”
285	5:26	w6jt	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	You may need to make explicit that the grain in this simile is fully ripe but not overly ripe. He would neither die young nor become weak in his old age. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
286	5:27	uwj5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive	The words “we” refers to Job’s friends but not to Job. Alternate translation: “Look, we have thought about this matter. Listen to what I am saying and know that it is true” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
287	6:intro	r7kh		Job 06 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Eliphaz. Special concepts in this chapter Job’s righteousness Despite being upset about his circumstances, and desiring his own death, Job does not curse God. He would rather have God end his life than to curse him. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Metaphors Job uses many different metaphors in this chapter to express his pain or despair. He also is upset with the advice of his friends, who are supposed to help him during difficult times. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Rhetorical questions Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Eliphaz that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job’s response. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
288	6:2	use6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Here the writer uses two different statements to convey a single idea, the burden of Job’s suffering. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if only I could weigh my anguish and all my calamities in the balance” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
289	6:2	cqr6		“on a scale”
290	6:3	l5j1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job compares the burden of his suffering to the weight of wet sand; both can crush a person. Alternate translation: “For my anguish and calamities would be heavier than the sand on the seashore” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
291	6:3	j9lz		“I spoke recklessly” or “I spoke rashly”
292	6:4	b2zh	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The writer continues to use parallelism in each of these verses, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize Job’s intense suffering as the grounds for his complaint. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
293	6:4	se7m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This is a metaphor for Job’s suffering. He compares his many troubles to arrows that God has shot his body with. Alternate translation: “It is as though the Almighty has shot arrows into my body” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
294	6:4	m898	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	“my spirit drinks up the arrows’ poison.” This continues the metaphor of the arrows, by implying that they had tips of poison and that Job feels the pain in his spirit. He speaks of feeling this pain as if his spirit drank the poison. Alternate translation: “I feel the pain of their poison in my inner being” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
295	6:4	l3u6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Job speaks of the terrible things that have happened to him as if they were soldiers that God had lined up to attack him all at once. Alternate translation: “God has caused all the terrible things that could happen to happen to me all at once” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
296	6:4	sr2c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	God causing many things to terrify Job is spoken of as if God’s terrors were soldiers lined up to attack Job. Alternate translation: “the terrors of God have arranged themselves like soldiers in an army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
297	6:5	vas3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job poses these rhetorical questions to emphasize that he has a reason to complain. These question can be written as statements. Alternate translation: “Just as the wild donkey does not bray in despair when he has grass and as the ox does not low in hunger when he has fodder, I would not complain if I did not have a reason” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
298	6:5	h1b2		the sound a donkey makes
299	6:5	i2r2		the sound an ox makes
300	6:5	tbl2		animal food
301	6:6	l3sd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Possible meanings are (1) Job is comparing his displeasure for his circumstances to people’s dislike for bland food or (2) Job is comparing his displeasure for his friend’s advice to people’s dislike for bland food. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
302	6:6	cg4r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses these rhetorical questions to emphasize his own displeasure. These questions can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Tasteless food cannot be eaten without salt, just as there is no taste in the white of an egg.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
303	6:6	xfj2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Can you eat that which has no taste” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
304	6:7	r1x2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Job continues to use parallelisms in these verses as he speaks about his sufferings and his desire for death. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
305	6:7	hy2z		“Them” refers to bad tasting foods.
306	6:9	yf92	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	This means for God to cause him to die. Alternate translation: “to crush me and let me die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
307	6:9	f53h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrases “let loose his hand” is an idiom that means to act quickly. Also, the phrase “cut me off from this life” is a euphemism for killing him. Alternate translation: “that he would act quickly and cut short my life” or “that he would act quickly and end my life” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
308	6:10	gre4		“I would leap for joy in unending pain” or “I would endure pain that does not diminish”
309	6:10	a736		“rejoice”
310	6:10	f2zu		“does not diminish”
311	6:10	ji9n		“that I have not disowned God.” This can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: “that I have always obeyed the Holy One”
312	6:11	b1ue	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job poses these questions to emphasize that he has no reason to continue living. These questions have the same meaning. They may be written as statements. Alternate translation: “I do not have enough strength to go on living; I have no reason to prolong my life” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
313	6:12	vp49	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The writer uses parallel rhetorical questions in each of these verses to emphasize Job’s lack of strength to endure suffering. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
314	6:12	n69y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job describes the weakness of his body by saying that he is not as strong as rocks and bronze to emphasize his lack of strength. These rhetorical questions may be written as statements. Alternate translation: “I am not as strong as the rocks. My flesh is not as strong as metal.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
315	6:13	lg48	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this rhetorical question to emphasize his lack of wisdom and his weakness. This question can be written as a statement. Also, the phrase “no help in myself” is an idiom. Alternate translation: “It is true that I have no strength left … me.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
316	6:13	h5wf	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	“my success has been taken from me.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “my wisdom is gone” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
317	6:14	e6e6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “A friend should be faithful to the person who feels he is about to faint” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
318	6:14	s4yi	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of a person who feels hopeless and is overwhelmed by his troubles as if he were about to physically faint. Alternate translation: “who feels hopeless” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
319	6:14	naj8		“even if he stops fearing Almighty God.” Possible meanings are (1) the faint person does not fear God or (2) his friend does not fear God.
320	6:15	p13y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job speaks of his friends being unfaithful to him as being like a “wadi” which is a stream that can suddenly dry up. Also, Job refers to his friends ironically here as his “brothers.” Alternate translation: “But my friends are unfaithful to me. They are like a desert streambed” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
321	6:15	l6xj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	“like streams of water that dry up.” Job continues speaking of his friends being unfaithful as if they were streams that dry up. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
322	6:16	pnp2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two phrases have the same meaning. They describe how the streambed is full of ice and snow in the winter. Alternate translation: “which look dark in the winter because they are covered with ice and are full of melted snow” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
323	6:16	cq2i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	This speaks of the snow melting and the water going into the streambed as if the snow were hiding in the streambed. Alternate translation: “because the snow melts and goes into them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
324	6:17	z6dh	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two phrases have the same meaning. They describe how the streambed dries up in the hot season. Alternate translation: “When it is hot, the ice melts and the streambeds dry up” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
325	6:18	t8lv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job is continuing his description of his friends being as unreliable as streams that dry up. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
326	6:18	vke1		“The caravans turn aside from the routes to find water” or “The caravans change course looking for water”
327	6:18	dm5v		A caravan is a large group of travelers riding camels across the desert.
328	6:18	n26d		“wasteland” or “empty land”
329	6:19	m9l7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are the names of places. The people of these places used caravans to trade things with people from other lands. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
330	6:19	ua63		“while caravans from Sheba”
331	6:19	n6an		“hoped for them” or “put their hope in them”
332	6:20	mue3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but they were disappointed” or “but they were not satisfied” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
333	6:21	km28	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	In these verses, Job poses four questions to rebuke his friends and to emphasize that he did not ask for help from any of them. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
334	6:21	gk7t		Job uses this phrase to introduce the main part of what he is saying.
335	6:21	wa4z		“you friends have not helped me at all”
336	6:21	zr7k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that they see the trouble Job has and are afraid of being in the same situation. Alternate translation: “you are afraid that God might do similar things to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
337	6:23	vq26	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	These words are the last of a series of rhetorical questions that begins in verse 22. Job uses these questions to emphasize that he has not asked his friends to give him anything or to help him. “I never said to you, ‘Give … me’ or, ‘Offer … wealth’ or, ‘Save … hand’ or, ‘Ransom … oppressors’.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
338	6:23	x1gs	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The word “hand” represents power or control. Alternate translation: “having my adversary control me … having my oppressors control me” or “my adversary’s power … my oppressors’ power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
339	6:23	z65f		“Rescue me”
340	6:24	t8mf	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	These verbs “teach” and “make” are second person plural and are spoken to his friends. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
341	6:24	jg8f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “I will be silent” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
342	6:25	ukw2		The exact meaning of the original language is uncertain. Some Bibles translate “How painful” as “How pleasant.” Alternate translation: “When a person speaks the truth, it harms no one. But your arguments are not true, so how do they actually rebuke me?”
343	6:25	bt6s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job is using this question to rebuke his friends and to emphasize that what they are saying does not apply to him. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Your reasons for rebuking me do not apply to me even though you sternly correct me.” or “But your arguments against me are not true, so they do not actually rebuke me!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
344	6:25	rrn5		“your reasons” or “your claims”
345	6:26	l7bp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this rhetorical question to scold his friends. He compares his words to the wind to explain that his friends act like his words are empty and useless. Alternate translation: “You ignore my words! I am a desperate man, and you treat my words as if they are as useless as the wind.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
346	6:26	zm1w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	“You” is in second person plural form. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
347	6:27	w62r		“you would even gamble to win an orphan”
348	6:27	jib8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	Here “you” and “your” are in second person plural form. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
349	6:27	q6lj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	This compares how the man would sell his friend to how a person sells merchandise or wares. Alternate translation: “bargain to sell your friend for money” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
350	6:28	eq8v		This word is used by Job to introduce new information.
351	6:28	m2bq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	The verb “to look” is in second person plural form. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
352	6:28	q6v3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The word “your” refers to Job’s friends. Here his friends are represented by their faces to emphasize that they are looking at him. Alternate translation: “I would not lie to you while I am looking at you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
353	6:29	c7zi		“Please be merciful to me” or “Stop speaking like this, I beg you”
354	6:29	fcq7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “treat me fairly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
355	6:29	hka9		“Please relent.”
356	6:30	km3f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	“Do I say wicked things?” Job uses this question to rebuke his friends and to emphasize that he is not wicked. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I do not say wicked things.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
357	6:30	z316	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here Job’s speech is represented by his “tongue.” Alternate translation: “in my speech” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
358	6:30	f1ga	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to rebuke his friends and to emphasize that he can tell the difference between right and wrong. Here Job refers to himself by his “mouth” to emphasize his speech. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I know what is right to say and what is wrong to say.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
359	7:intro	y5ka		Job 07 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job’s response to Eliphaz. Special concepts in this chapter Job’s righteousness Despite being upset about his circumstances, and desiring his own death, Job does not curse God. He would rather have God end his life than to curse him. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Metaphors Job uses many different metaphors in this chapter to express his pain or despair. He also is upset with the advice of his friends, who are supposed to help him during difficult times. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Rhetorical questions Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Eliphaz that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job’s response. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
360	7:1	eq7p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The writer continues to use parallelism in each of these verses, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize that his personal suffering is part of the universal suffering which all people experience. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
361	7:1	nz5u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job poses this negative question to emphasize his awareness that all people experience hard work. It can be translated as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “There is hard labor for every person on earth.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
362	7:1	a1c6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	This is a generalization that means for the time people are living on the earth. Alternate translation: “while he lives on the earth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
363	7:1	m3yt	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job poses this negative question to emphasize his awareness that all people struggle in life. Alternate translation: “And their days are like the days of a hired man.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
364	7:1	n56j		“a day laborer.” This is a man who worked jobs one day at a time and was paid at the end of every day.
365	7:2	g9ji	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job compares his misery and trouble to that of the slave and hired man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
366	7:2	f1pu	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	“cool shade.” The implied information is that the shadows of evening provide coolness and shade from the sun (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
367	7:2	d651		“waits for his pay”
368	7:3	fpt6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “so I endure months of misery; I get trouble-filled nights” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
369	7:3	cp2i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The abstract noun “misery” can be translated as the adjective “miserable.” Alternate translation: “months when I am miserable” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
370	7:4	m7jx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The implied information is that this is when Job would lie down to sleep at night. Alternate translation: “When I lie down to sleep” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
371	7:4	fij2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns	Job poses a question to no one else in particular. Alternate translation: “I ask” or “I wonder” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
372	7:4	sf4y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job poses this question to emphasize his intense suffering during the hours he should be sleeping. Alternate translation: “I wish I could get up, but night continues.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
373	7:4	m4sv		“turning back and forth.” This indicates that Job has moved on his bed all night without any rest.
374	7:5	sh53	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The worms and clods of dust are pictured as covering Job as if they were clothing. Alternate translation: “My flesh is covered with worms and clods of dust” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
375	7:5	l429	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	This represents his whole body. Alternate translation: “My body” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
376	7:5	lry5		Possible meanings are (1) lumps or crusts of dirt or (2) scabs on the skin.
377	7:5	we79		“break out again”
378	7:6	iar8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The writer continues to use parallelism in each of these verses, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize Job’s sense of the shortness of life. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
379	7:6	tf2g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job compares his lifetime to the quickness of a weaver’s shuttle. Alternate translation: “My life goes by very quickly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
380	7:6	pvg2		a person who makes cloth by crossing threads or yarn
381	7:6	fy2b		a moving part that carries thread or yarn back and forth quickly in a loom when making cloth
382	7:7	uf8v		“remember.” The phrase “call to mind” does not mean God forgot. Job is asking God to consider or think about the shortness of Job’s life.
383	7:7	ee27	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job compares the shortness of his life to the shortness of a breath. Alternate translation: “my life is very short, like taking one breath” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
384	7:7	bw35	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “my eye” represents Job’s whole person and his ability to see or experience things. Alternate translation: “I will never again experience good things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
385	7:8	sj61	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The writer continues to use parallelism in each of these verses, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize Job’s thought that, after death, neither God nor the people he knew will see him again. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
386	7:8	f5vc	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Many versions of the Bible translate this as “The eye which sees me will see me no more.” The words “of God” were added to this phrase because they are implied by the context. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
387	7:8	p6u5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here God is represented by his “eye” to emphasize what he looks at. Alternate translation: “God who watches me … God will look for me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
388	7:9	q76u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job is describing death as being like the clouds that disappear. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
389	7:9	m6z6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “As a cloud fades” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
390	7:9	g4h1		“he who dies will not return”
391	7:10	xnf4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The words “his place” represent those who live in his place. Alternate translation: “the people who live in his place” or “his family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
392	7:11	ed6a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Job conveys a single idea using two different statements to emphasize the reason he will not remain silent. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
393	7:11	q76q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the mouth represents speech. Alternate translation: “I will not restrain my speech” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
394	7:11	v8zz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	“in the distress of my spirit” or “in the torment of my suffering.” The abstract noun “anguish” can be translated using the adverb “distress.” Alternate translation: “while my spirit is distressed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
395	7:11	ti81	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here sorrow is spoken of as if it tasted bitter, and “soul” refers to the whole man. Alternate translation: “with anger and resentment” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
396	7:12	qy6r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job poses this question to express his anger at God. In comparing himself to the sea or a sea monster, Job suggests that God regards him as a hideous creature. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am not the sea or a sea monster that needs a guard to watch it.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
397	7:13	kme8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The writer continues to use parallelism in the first two verses, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize Job’s intense suffering. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
398	7:13	v7e8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “bed” and “couch” are metonyms for “sleep.” In lying down to sleep, Job would hope to be comforted. The metonyms also have human attributes; they have the ability to comfort and ease a person. Alternate translation: “My bed, my couch, will be like someone who can comfort me” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
399	7:13	d3uy		These phrases refer to the same thing. Alternate translation: “My bed … my bed”
400	7:14	pf6s		“you” here refers to God
401	7:15	et7t		killing a person by squeezing the throat and stopping the breathing
402	7:15	nee4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here Job uses the word “bones” to refer to his body. Alternate translation: “This body of mine” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
403	7:16	jd5k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The writer continues to use parallelism in these verses, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize the impact of Job’s misery on his sense of self worth. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
404	7:16	th4d		“I despise my life”
405	7:16	eu9h		“to live forever”
406	7:16	yp5g		“my days are pointless” or “the days of my life are empty”
407	7:17	awx9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job asks a rhetorical question to say that he does not understand why God should pay attention to people. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
408	7:17	w1ri	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the mind represents thoughts and attention. To “set your mind on” means to give attention to. Alternate translation: “direct your attention to him” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
409	7:18	s64b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This is the end of the rhetorical question that Job begins asking with the words “What is man that” in verse 17. The question can be translated as a statement. “Tell me what man is that … mind on him, that you should observe … every moment.” or “I do not understand what man is that … mind on him, that you should observe … every moment.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
410	7:18	cdq5		“carefully examine him”
411	7:19	eb8v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Here Job conveys a single idea using two different rhetorical questions to emphasize his wish that God would stop watching him. Alternate translation: “Look away from me! Leave me alone long enough for me to swallow my own saliva!” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
412	7:19	ts1s		liquid produced in people’s mouths that keeps the mouth moist and helps to swallow food
413	7:20	wwv1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job poses these questions to argue against God treating him unfairly. Alternate translation: “Even if I have sinned, that would do nothing to you, as you watch over people. Tell me why you have made me your target, so that I am a burden for you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
414	7:21	gzz5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Here Job uses two similar clauses within a rhetorical question to emphasize his point. Possible meanings are: (1) Job is asking why God does not forgive him. Alternate translation: “Tell me why you do not pardon my transgression and take away my iniquity.” or (2) Job is asking God why he cannot just overlook his supposed wrongdoings. Alternate translation: “Tell me why you do not just bear with my transgression and iniquity.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
415	7:21	ek8a		“remove”
416	7:21	yf7g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The phrase “lie down in the dust” is a metonym that represents dying. Alternate translation: “now I will die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
417	7:21	uz1p		“I will not be here” or “I will be gone”
418	8:intro	md4v		Job 08 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is the advice of Job’s friend, Bildad. Special concepts in this chapter Bildad’s advice Bildad tells Job to curse Yahweh. The advice Bildad gives to Job is bad advice. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical questions Bildad uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to build Bildad’s argument. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
419	8:1	emj8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Verses 2 and 3 each consist of two different questions that have the same meaning. Bildad uses these questions to rebuke Job. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
420	8:1	xwz1		In this chapter, Bildad begins to speak about Job’s complaints.
421	8:1	y8y8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	“Bildad” is the name of a man who is a member of the tribe of Shuah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
422	8:2	gg55	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Bildad speaks of Job’s words as if they are as empty and insubstantial as the wind. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “The words of your mouth are as insignificant as a mighty wind.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
423	8:3	x959	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Here “God” and “the Almighty” both refer to Yahweh. These questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “God does not pervert justice; the Almighty does not pervert righteousness.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
424	8:3	p2fp		“approve of and do what is not just? … approve of and do what is not righteous?”
425	8:4	icy5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” represents the power or results of sin. Bildad implies that God killed Job’s children because of their sin. Alternate translation: “for God caused the consequences of your children’s sins to kill them” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
426	8:5	lpy9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Bildad is saying what would have happened if Job had correctly spoken to God, but Bildad does not believe that Job really did this. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
427	8:5	q7cd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	These two phrases both refer to Job asking God for help or pleading with God for mercy. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
428	8:5	c9ii		“earnestly asked God for help”
429	8:6	u412	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Bildad says that God would treat Job well if he was pure, but Bildad does not believe that Job is pure. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
430	8:6	a4ua		“If only you were pure and righteous” or “If only you would obey God and do what is right”
431	8:6	f6a2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here Yahweh is spoken of as if he woke from sleep to help Job. Alternate translation: “help you” or “do good things for you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
432	8:6	k3xq		This refers to giving back to Job the things he lost, including his family, wealth, and honor.
433	8:7	cd7r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here lack of wealth is spoken of as being a “small beginning.” Alternate translation: “Even if you were poor early in your life, God would make you very wealthy later in your life” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
434	8:8	h2yb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Bildad continues to use parallelism in each of these verses to emphasize that their ancestors agree with the things Bildad is telling Job. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
435	8:8	iq7n		“study carefully what our ancestors discovered” or “consider the things our forefathers learned”
436	8:9	m5vp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The shortness of life is spoken of as if it were a shadow which quickly disappears. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
437	8:10	h2ae	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Bildad uses these rhetorical questions to rebuke Job for not agreeing with Bildad and the ancestors. They can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “They will teach you and tell you and speak what they sincerely believe.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
438	8:10	u4ad	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the word “hearts” represents their inner beliefs. Alternate translation: “that they sincerely believe” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
439	8:11	a2hm		It is unclear if this verse is the teaching of Bildad, or if Bildad is quoting the sayings of the ancestors of Job 8:8-10.
440	8:11	tj37	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Bildad uses these two parallel questions to emphasize the single point that people cannot live without God. Here the plants represent people and the water represents God. The questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “Papyrus plants cannot grow away from the marshes. Reeds cannot grow without water.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
441	8:11	ig9q		a tall reed-like plant that grows in shallow water
442	8:12	ht78		It is unclear if this verse is the teaching of Bildad, or if Bildad is quoting the sayings of the ancestors of Job 8:8-10.
443	8:12	q4x1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It is implied that they wither when there is no water. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “Without water, they stop growing and wither faster than any other plant, even if no one cuts them down” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
444	8:12	ugh5		“dry up”
445	8:13	vn8n		It is unclear if this verse is the teaching of Bildad, or if Bildad is quoting the sayings of the ancestors of Job 8:8-10.
446	8:13	y6pd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “the paths” represents a person’s future and the events that will happen to them. Alternate translation: “The same thing will happen to everyone who forgets God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
447	8:13	fc76		“the things the godless person desires will not happen”
448	8:14	m1bj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun	It is unclear if this verse is the teaching of Bildad, or if Bildad is quoting the sayings of the ancestors of Job 8:8-10. In this verse the pronoun “his” refers to the godless person, who represents godless people in general. It may be helpful to readers to use the plural pronouns “they” and “their.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
449	8:14	yg2t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that the godless person is trusting in something that cannot save him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
450	8:14	e61x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Here Bildad compares the trust of the godless person to a spider’s web; the slightest force will break both. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
451	8:15	h15h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun	In this verse the pronouns “he” and “him” refer to the godless person, who represents godless people in general. It may be helpful to readers to use the plural pronouns “they” and “their.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
452	8:15	g7al	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This statement probably refers to a man relying on his property and wealth for security. If so, then “house” here represents the owner’s property and wealth. Alternate translation: “He thinks he will be safe because he is wealthy, but he will not be safe” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
453	8:15	r6mq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	This negative statement emphasizes the opposite. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “he will fall down” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
454	8:15	s164	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	This negative statement emphasizes the opposite. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “it will fall down” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
455	8:16	zn7y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun	Here pronouns “he” and “his” refer to the godless person, who represents godless people in general. It may be helpful to readers to use the plural pronouns “they” and “their.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
456	8:16	x5ph	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here Bildad compares the godless person to a plant that is healthy. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
457	8:16	d31w		The meaning of the Hebrew text is unclear. Possible meanings are (1) he is healthy during the day or (2) he is watered before the sun rises.
458	8:17	i19y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun	In this verse the pronoun “his” refers to the godless person, who represents godless people in general. It may be helpful to readers to use the plural pronouns “they” and “their.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
459	8:17	cty7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two phrases have similar meaning, but the meaning is unclear. Possible meanings are (1) he appears to be well-rooted in the rocks, taking advantage of every opening or (2) his roots cannot find fertile ground and must try to find nutrients among the rocks. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
460	8:18	qe8b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun	In this verse the pronouns “his” and “him” refer to the godless person, who represents godless people in general. It may be helpful to readers to use the plural pronouns “they” and “their.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
461	8:18	ib86	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if someone pulls him out of his place” or “if a gardener tears him out of the garden” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
462	8:18	tq8v		“the rocky ground” or “the garden”
463	8:18	b7jg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	The garden is spoken of as if it had human ability to speak. The garden immediately forgets that he existed. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
464	8:19	llr9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony	Bildad is speaking with irony to express that there is not any real joy for the godless person. Alternate translation: “this is all the joy they will receive from their godless actions” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
465	8:19	z27b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Bildad continues the metaphor from Job 8:16-18. Other godless people are spoken of as plants who take the place of the first godless man when he dies. Alternate translation: “when one wicked man dies, another will take his place” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
466	8:19	n1qg		“grow”
467	8:19	j8fx		“the rocky ground” or “the garden”
468	8:19	y97b		“in the place of the godless man”
469	8:20	i9v4		This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “God will accept an innocent man”
470	8:20	gz4z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “take the hand” refers to help or support. Alternate translation: “God will not support people who do evil things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
471	8:21	td9s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize how happy Job would be if he were innocent. The word “he” refers to God and “your” refers to Job. Alternate translation: “God will make you very happy again if you are innocent” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
472	8:21	ezc5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	God causing Job to laugh is spoken of as if God had poured laughter into Job’s mouth. Alternate translation: “cause you to continually laugh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
473	8:21	e5gp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	The verb “fill” is understood from the previous clause. God causing him to shout for joy is spoken of as if God had poured joy into Job’s mouth. Alternate translation: “God will cause you to shout for joy” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
474	8:22	tc4g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “shame” is spoken of as if it were clothing that God will cause Job’s enemies to wear. This means they will be very ashamed. Alternate translation: “God will cause those who hate you to be very ashamed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
475	8:22	k5y9		Here “tent” refers to the homes of the wicked. Alternate translation: “the houses of the wicked will be destroyed”
476	8:22	uz63		“will not last” or “will be destroyed”
477	9:intro	n51u		Job 09 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Bildad. Special concepts in this chapter Job’s righteousness and Yahweh’s power Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse God. Job does not think that he can make a claim against Yahweh because only God is perfectly wise and just. Yahweh is truly powerful and Job understands this. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Metaphors Job uses many different metaphors in this chapter to express himself or to describe Yahweh’s power. He is also upset with the advice of his friends, who are supposed to help him during difficult times. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Rhetorical questions Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Bildad that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job’s response. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
478	9:2	e369		“I know that what you say is true”
479	9:2	a9ku		Here the word “this” refers to what Bildad said.
480	9:2	r4pi		“how can anyone be innocent before God?”
481	9:3	a6um		dispute
482	9:3	el71	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	“Once in a thousand times” here is an idiom that means “at all.” Possible meanings are (1) “he cannot give any answer to God” or (2) “God will not answer him at all” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
483	9:3	t9fi		“1,000 times”
484	9:4	mh8a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the heart represents the inner being or thoughts. Alternate translation: “wise in what he decides” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
485	9:4	f7rj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “strength” can be expressed as the adjective “strong.” Alternate translation: “mighty in how strong he is” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
486	9:4	b286	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns	To harden oneself means to be stubborn. Alternate translation: “resisted him” or “defied him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
487	9:5	at5b		“God removes the mountains”
488	9:6	m19t		“God shakes the earth”
489	9:6	xth3		“makes its foundations tremble”
490	9:7	mt2x		“who blocks the stars from view”
491	9:8	lya7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns	God is spoken of as creating the heavens without any help, as if the heavens were fabric that he stretches out. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
492	9:8	xis1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	God is spoken of as calming the sea as if with his feet. Alternate translation: “puts his feet down on the waves of the sea” or “calms the waves of the sea” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
493	9:9	n4y8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	These are the names of constellations, which are groups of stars that seem like they form a particular shape in the sky. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
494	9:9	taz3		a famous hunter in Greek mythology
495	9:9	x429		several bright stars that look like they are close together in the sky
496	9:9	uzy5		groups of stars that seem like they form a particular shape in the sky
497	9:10	h9d9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The writer uses parallelism in each of these verses, conveying a single idea using double statements to emphasize that God is great, unseen, and sovereign. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
498	9:10	g1vu		“things that cannot be understood”
499	9:11	j3wr		“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.”
500	9:11	l3a7		“he passes by” or “he moves on”
501	9:12	tc75	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	These are rhetorical questions that expect an answer of “No one.” They can be reworded as statements. Alternate translation: “If he takes something away, no one can stop him. No one can ask him, ‘What are you doing?’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
502	9:12	gm8n		“If he takes someone away” or “If he wants to snatch something away”
503	9:13	e9gu	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	Here “bow beneath him” symbolizes submission or defeat. Alternate translation: “he crushes the helpers of Rahab” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
504	9:13	nzr2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	The word “Rahab” here refers to a monster of the sea. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
505	9:14	z61q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Job poses two similar questions to emphasize his reluctance to confront God. They can be reworded as a statement. Alternate translation: “So I certainly could not answer him or choose words to reason with him.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
506	9:17	w3dc	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job compares his troubles from God to the effects of a tempest. Alternate translation: “He injures me as if with a tempest” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
507	9:17	qb29		a powerful or violent storm
508	9:17	rl4w		“gives me many wounds” or “wounds me again and again”
509	9:17	qw6a		“even though I have not given him cause to do so” or “even though I am innocent”
510	9:18	bw17	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom that means “to be able to breathe again” or (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
511	9:18	uqz6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This verse pictures God as filling up Job’s life with things that make him bitter. The abstract noun “bitterness” can be expressed as the adjective “bitter.” Alternate translation: “he fills me up with bitter things” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
512	9:19	qi46		“If there is a contest of strength”
513	9:19	ad8i		“look and you will see that he is mighty” or “pay attention to what I am about to tell you: he is mighty”
514	9:19	a2rc		“he is the strong one”
515	9:19	fjk3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question expects an answer of “No one” to make the point that no one is able to bring God to court. This can be reworded as a statement. Alternate translation: “no one can summon him.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
516	9:20	q6qk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	This verse expresses the same idea twice for emphasis. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
517	9:20	xtf8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here “I am in the right” means I am the one who has done right things. Alternate translation: “Although I have done right things” or “Even though I am innocent” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
518	9:20	grl2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “mouth” represents Job’s words. Alternate translation: “my own words would accuse me” or “what I say would condemn me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
519	9:20	ci26		“faultless”
520	9:20	dd24	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “my words” are spoken of as if they could take action. Alternate translation: “God would use what I say to prove me guilty” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
521	9:20	j9y3		The word here has the meaning of “twisted” or “crooked.”
522	9:21	n1sz		“I am faultless”
523	9:21	ruv5		“what happens to me”
524	9:22	ahw1		“It is all the same” or “It does not matter”
525	9:22	e1i7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism	Here “blameless” and “wicked” are two extremes for a merism that include everything in between. Alternate translation: “he brings everyone to an end, whether they are blameless or wicked” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
526	9:23	hsd9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The word “whip” here is a metaphor for any kind of disaster. Alternate translation: “When a disaster suddenly happens and people die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
527	9:23	m78u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The word “despair” is an abstract noun that can be translated by the verb “despair.” Here it is a metonym for the innocent who are despairing. Alternate translation: “the innocent who are despairing” or “the innocent who have lost all hope” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
528	9:23	sgu2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	This is a nominalized adjective. Alternate translation: “innocent people”. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
529	9:24	v13g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God gives the earth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
530	9:24	rz2j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “the earth” is used to represent the people on the earth. Alternate translation: “The people of the world are” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
531	9:24	g65c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” is a metonym for “control.” Alternate translation: “into the control of” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
532	9:24	l9pz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This idiom means God keeps the judges of the earth from being able to judge the difference between right and wrong. Alternate translation: “God makes its judges blind” or “God keeps its judges from judging rightly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
533	9:24	y1iv		“If it is not God who does these things, then who does them?”
534	9:25	aw7i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job compares how quickly his days are passing by to a fast runner. Alternate translation: “My days pass swiftly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
535	9:25	um75		“runner” or “running man”
536	9:25	s36p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	This pictures the days of Job’s life as being able to run away like a person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
537	9:25	a6zy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	This pictures the days of Job’s life as being able to see like a person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
538	9:25	ej64		“no good thing”
539	9:26	icr6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job compares how quickly his days are passing by to the speed of fast boats. Alternate translation: “They pass quickly by like papyrus reed boats” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
540	9:26	hle5		“boats made out of reeds.” Papyrus reed is a hollow grass that grows along the banks of rivers.
541	9:26	vrq5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job compares how quickly his days are passing by to a large bird diving toward its prey. Alternate translation: “as fast as the eagle that flies down quickly to catch its food” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
542	9:26	iuy1		“rushes down”
543	9:27	wk23	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “complaint” can be translated as the verb “complain.” Alternate translation: “I would stop complaining” or “I would stop complaining against God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
544	9:27	gn93	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It can be stated clearly whom Job was complaining against. Alternate translation: “my complaints against God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
545	9:27	vk9t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job’s sad face is spoken of here as if it was something that could be removed. Alternate translation: “I would stop looking unhappy and smile” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
546	9:28	rek4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases	Verses 28 and 29 express the consequences if Job does what he says in verse 27. This can be expressed by adding the word “then.” Alternate translation: “Then I would be afraid of all my sorrows” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
547	9:28	hqx2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “sorrows” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “of everything that hurts me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
548	9:29	js2a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	“I will be accused and punished.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will condemn me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
549	9:29	w57l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to emphasize that he does not think it is of any use trying to get God’s attention. The implied information about what Job is trying can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “It is of no use to try to get God’s attention.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
550	9:30	l6jt		“If I bathed my body in pure, clean water”
551	9:30	y111		the water that comes from melted snow
552	9:30	b7il		white flakes of frozen water that fall from clouds in places where the air temperature is cold
553	9:30	a4jk		“made my hands exceedingly clean.” Some other versions of the Bible translate this with the meaning of “cleaned my hands with very strong soap.”
554	9:31	sz3q		“throw me into a pit”
555	9:31	vh45	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Job’s clothing is spoken of as if it would have a negative response to Job after God plunged him into a ditch. Alternate translation: “I would be too filthy for my own clothing” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
556	9:32	va67	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Job implies that God has charged him of doing wrong, and he wants to respond to those charges. Alternate translation: “answer his charges against me” or “defend myself” or “argue my innocence with him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
557	9:32	yb3i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	“come together to trial.” Here “court” is a place where people can come and a judge will settle disputes. “Coming together in court” is a metonym for going against each other in a court of law. Alternate translation: “confront each other before a judge” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
558	9:33	z743		This means there is no judge who is greater than God who could decide what is right between him and Job.
559	9:33	es66	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here “lay his hand upon” means having power or authority over. Alternate translation: “take hold of both of us” or “have authority over both of us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
560	9:34	hm1t		These verses continue the previous argument that no one is greater than God who could act as a judge between God and Job.
561	9:34	cc5r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “God’s rod” is a metonym for God punishing or correcting Job. Alternate translation: “stop God from punishing me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
562	9:34	vs1b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “terror” can be translated as the verb “terrify.” Alternate translation: “keep him from terrifying and frightening me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
563	9:35	fa78		“Then I would speak”
564	9:35	ug86		“because this is how things are now”
565	10:intro	ul99		Job 10 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job’s response to Bildad. Special concepts in this chapter Job’s righteousness Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse Yahweh. Instead, he defends himself to Yahweh, while trusting in his decision. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical questions Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to defend himself. He does not believe that he committed a sin deserving severe punishment. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
566	10:1	ch7h		“I am tired of living”
567	10:1	p5cl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract nouns “expression” and “complaint” can be translated as the verbs “express” and “complain.” Alternate translation: “I will freely express what I have to complain about” or “I will argue freely” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
568	10:1	zk1f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	How Job feels is compared to a bitter taste. The abstract noun “bitterness” can be translated as the adverb “bitterly.” Alternate translation: “My inner being will speak bitterly” or “I will bitterly speak out” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
569	10:3	aaw5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question expects a “no” answer and can be changed into a statement. Alternate translation: “It is not good that you should oppress me, that you should despise the work of your hands, while you smile on the plans of the wicked.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
570	10:3	vw7h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here God is represented by his “hands.” Alternate translation: “what you have created” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
571	10:3	q8wf	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here the idiom “smiling on” represents God’s approval. Alternate translation: “approve the plans of the wicked” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
572	10:4	d65r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two questions have nearly the same meaning. These questions expect a negative answer to emphasize that God does not see or understand things the same way a man does. They can be expressed as statements. Alternate translation: “You do not have eyes of flesh, and you do not see like a man sees.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
573	10:5	e9t6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job begins to ask a rhetorical question. He is saying that God lives forever but people live only for a short time, so God should not worry about Job’s sins. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
574	10:5	awt6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two phrases have nearly the same meaning. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
575	10:5	st4n		“the number of your days”
576	10:5	tjp4		“the number of your years”
577	10:6	qf3d		Job continues the rhetorical question he began in verse 5. (See: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion)
578	10:6	zdk3		“look to see if I have committed iniquity”
579	10:7	eu61		This is the end of the rhetorical question that begins with the words “Are your days” in verse 5.
580	10:7	s3k7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This is the end of the rhetorical question that begins with the words “Are your days” in verse 5. The whole question can be translated as a statement. “Your days are not like the days of mankind, and your years are not like the years of people, so you should not inquire after my iniquity and search after my sin, because you know I am not guilty and there is no one who can rescue me from your hand.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
581	10:7	vzd3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “your hand” represents God’s power. Alternate translation: “from your power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
582	10:8	tx92	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “hands” represent God and his creative action. Alternate translation: “You” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
583	10:8	x1dy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job is using a metaphor of a potter forming clay to describe how God carefully created him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
584	10:8	p1ml	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	“shaped and formed me.” The words “framed” and “fashioned” are similar in meaning. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
585	10:9	l83b		“Remember”
586	10:9	zg5j		“turn me back into dust again”
587	10:10	vpu6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry	In these verses, Job uses the language of poetry to describe how God formed him in the womb. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
588	10:10	h664	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This is a question that expects a positive answer. Alternate translation: “You poured me out like milk and curdled me like cheese.” or “You formed me in the womb like poured milk becomes cheese.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
589	10:10	c2ul		Here “you” refers to God.
590	10:10	wk3h		Here “me” refers to Job.
591	10:11	p9pw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	God putting skin and flesh on Job’s body is spoken of as if God was putting clothing on him. Alternate translation: “You have put skin and flesh on my body” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
592	10:11	mxm1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	“wove me together.” God putting Job’s body together in the womb is spoken of as if God was knitting or weaving a piece of cloth. Alternate translation: “put me together” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
593	10:11	hut9		the parts of the body that connect muscles to bones or other body parts and are like tough, white bands or cords
594	10:12	tc2u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract nouns “life” and “faithfulness” can be stated as “live” and “faithful.” Alternate translation: “You have been faithful to your covenant and allowed me to live” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
595	10:12	dt8a		“your care”
596	10:12	h7in	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here Job is represented by his “spirit.” Alternate translation: “guarded me” or “watched carefully over me” or “kept me safe” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
597	10:14	zj6t		“you would watch me”
598	10:15	l6ww		“If I do evil things”
599	10:15	vwh2		“how terrible will it be for me”
600	10:15	h2sc	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This idiom means to be sure or confident. Alternate translation: “hold my head up” or “be confident” or “be sure about myself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
601	10:15	yg3e		Another possible meaning, followed by some versions, is, “I am full of disgrace and am completely full of my own suffering,” where the disgrace is bad but the suffering is even worse.
602	10:15	amu8		“I am totally ashamed” or “No one respects me anymore”
603	10:15	fs2u		shame
604	10:15	bu5t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “affliction” can be translated using the verb “afflict.” Alternate translation: “see how God is afflicting me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
605	10:16	z3nm	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Possible meanings are (1) this is a hypothetical situation that has not happened or (2) this is a description of a situation that happens repeatedly. Alternate translation: “When my head is lifted up, you stalk me like a lion” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
606	10:16	ya75	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This idiom means to become self-confident or proud. Alternate translation: “If I become proud” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
607	10:16	bss8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Possible meanings of this simile are (1) God hunts Job like a lion hunts its prey or (2) Job is like a lion being hunted by God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
608	10:16	yj7r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony	This phrase expresses irony in how God displays his marvelous power by acting to harm Job. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-irony]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
609	10:17	u754	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job’s troubles from God are spoken of as if they were people who were witnesses against him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
610	10:17	di4r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “anger” can be translated as the adjective “angry.” Alternate translation: “are more and more angry with me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
611	10:17	zs8c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	God sending troubles against Job is spoken of as if God was constantly sending new armies against him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
612	10:18	zk6f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here being brought out of the womb represents being born into this world. Alternate translation: “brought me out of my mother’s womb” or “brought me into this world” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
613	10:18	n2ql	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Giving up one’s spirit represents dying. Alternate translation: “died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
614	10:18	s56b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Job uses “eye” here to refer to the whole person. He wishes he could have died at birth, before anyone saw him. Alternate translation: “before any person had ever seen me” or “before I was born” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
615	10:19	bzd2		“I had never lived”
616	10:19	uc37		“My body would have been carried”
617	10:20	yd2g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Here “my days” represent the length of Job’s life. This question expects a positive answer, to emphasize that Job only expects to live a few more days. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I only have a few days left to live.” or “My life will soon end.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
618	10:21	f7d8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here the place where the spirits of dead people go is spoken of as if it was a land. Alternate translation: “the place” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
619	10:21	i9h6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	The phrase “shadow of death” intensifies the idea of “darkness.” Both phrases describe where the spirits of dead people go. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
620	10:21	zq3v		See how you translated this in Job 3:5.
621	10:22	xkq9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	The darkness of the place where the spirits of dead people go is compared to the darkness of midnight. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
622	10:22	r9u5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	This negative phrase can be expressed in positive form. Alternate translation: “full of confusion” or “where all is confused” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
623	10:22	a8nx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	The light of the place where the spirits of dead people go is compared to midnight. Alternate translation: “where there is no light” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
624	11:intro	m1vt		Job 11 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is the advice of Job’s friend, Zophar. Special concepts in this chapter Zophar’s advice Zophar tells Job to curse Yahweh. The advice Zophar gives to Job is bad advice. He even questions the character of God. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical questions Zophar uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to build Zophar’s argument. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
625	11:1	mbq7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	See how you translated this man’s name in Job 2:11. Alternate translation: “Zophar from the region of Naamah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
626	11:2	cq18	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Zophar is asking a question in the negative to emphasize that Job’s words must be challenged. Alternate translation: “We must answer all of these words!” or “Someone should respond to all these words!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
627	11:2	ua2s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Zophar uses this question to emphasize that they should not believe what Job was saying. Alternate translation: “This man is so full of talk, but the people should not believe him!” or “Your many words alone do not mean you are innocent!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
628	11:3	kgu1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Zophar uses this question to rebuke Job. Alternate translation: “Just because you have spoken many words, this does not mean that others must keep silent.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
629	11:3	s3am	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Zophar uses this question to rebuke Job. You may need to make explicit what it is that Job is mocking. Alternate translation: “You have mocked us for what we have said. Now we will make you feel ashamed!” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
630	11:4	k2le		“My understanding is correct”
631	11:4	e56u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The eyes represent sight, which is a metaphor for God’s evaluation of Job. Possible meanings are (1) that Job is saying that God judges him as blameless. Alternate translation: “You say that I am blameless” or (2) that Job believes he has been blameless and that God should judge him as blameless. Alternate translation: “You should recognize that I am blameless” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
632	11:5	ii56	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The words “open his lips” are a metonym that means speak. These two phrases mean the same thing and are used together to emphasize Zophar’s desire that God would speak harshly against Job. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
633	11:6	ca7p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	What the “secrets of wisdom” are can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “that he would show you that you are suffering because of your sin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
634	11:6	qjk2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Demanding from Job represents punishing Job. Alternate translation: “God is punishing you less than you deserve” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
635	11:7	tvp2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two parallel questions are asking the same thing. The writer uses the form of a question to add emphasis. Alternate translation: “You cannot understand God by searching for him, and you will never completely understand the Almighty!” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
636	11:8	n8yi	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This refers to understanding God. Alternate translation: “To understand God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
637	11:8	jhq3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The impossibility of understanding God is spoken of as if it were impossible to go to these extremely far away places. Alternate translation: “is as inaccessible as the highest places in heaven … is more inaccessible than the deepest places in Sheol” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
638	11:8	y9sp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Zophar uses this question to show that a person cannot do anything to understand God fully. Alternate translation: “you cannot do anything.” or “you cannot understand him fully.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
639	11:8	hb95	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Zophar uses this question to show that a person cannot do anything to know God fully. Alternate translation: “you cannot know God fully.” or “you cannot know all there is to know.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
640	11:9	i9xz		Possible meanings are that this refers to (1) God’s greatness or (2) the greatness of God’s wisdom.
641	11:9	z6cv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	God’s greatness or wisdom is spoken of as if it could be measured in distance. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
642	11:10	y4fx		“If God … shuts anyone up in prison”
643	11:10	d1jn	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “judgment” can be translated with the verb “judge.” Alternate translation: “if God calls anyone to go to him so that God might judge him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
644	11:10	f915	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question emphasizes that no one can stop God. Alternate translation: “no one can stop him!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
645	11:11	gdx6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This emphasizes that God does notice sin. Alternate translation: “he surely notices it!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
646	11:12	e8e9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “understanding” can be expressed with the verb “understand.” Alternate translation: “But foolish people do not understand” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
647	11:12	jlz1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony	Since a wild donkey can never give birth to a man, this means that foolish people will never get understanding. Alternate translation: “only if a wild donkey could give birth to a man could foolish people get understanding” or “it is as impossible for a foolish person to get understanding as it is for a donkey to give birth to a man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
648	11:13	k56l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The heart represents thoughts and attitudes. Setting it right represents correcting it. Alternate translation: “even if you had corrected your attitude” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
649	11:13	mm3c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	This is a symbolic action representing asking God for help. Alternate translation: “had made an appeal and prayed to God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
650	11:14	t8z8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The hand represents what a person does. Alternate translation: “even if you had done some evil things in the past” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
651	11:14	nt8d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Putting sin behind represents stopping sinning. Alternate translation: “but that then you stopped doing evil things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
652	11:14	u5ya	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Unrighteousness living represents people doing unrighteous things. Alternate translation: “and you did not allow the members of your household to do unrighteous things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
653	11:15	db84	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	“Lifting up your face” represents the attitude of a person who is confident and brave. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
654	11:16	x6vt	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Zophar is comparing misery with water that flows downstream and it is gone. Alternate translation: “You would remember it, but the misery will be gone, like waters that have flowed away” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
655	11:17	fqt4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Zophar repeats the same idea for emphasis. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
656	11:17	dkt7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Brightness represents being prosperous and happy. Alternate translation: “Your life would be prosperous and happy like the noonday” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
657	11:17	dua9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Darkness represents troubles and sadness. Alternate translation: “Though there were dark troubles and sadness” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
658	11:17	s8z7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The morning represents light, which represents prosperity and happiness. Alternate translation: “it would be prosperous and happy like the morning” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
659	11:18	iqu3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Zophar repeats the same idea for emphasis and describes the possibility. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
660	11:18	f1be	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	“Take your rest” here is an idiom for “rest.” The phrase “in safety” can be expressed with the word “safely.” Alternate translation: “would rest safely” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
661	11:19	fm2w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Zophar repeats the same idea for emphasis and describes the possibility. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
662	11:19	hc18	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “rest” can be expressed with the verb “rest.” Alternate translation: “you would lie down and rest” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
663	11:20	s359	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Their eyes represent their understanding. Alternate translation: “the understanding of the wicked people will fail” or “the wicked people will not be able to understand” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
664	12:intro	u4jn		Job 12 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Zophar. Special concepts in this chapter Job’s righteousness Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse God. His friends, on the other hand, judge Job’s case, which Job recognizes to be Yahweh’s authority. These three friends therefore try to take God’s place. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Metaphors Job uses many different metaphors in this chapter to express his pain or despair. He is also upset with the advice of his friends, who are supposed to help him during difficult times. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Rhetorical questions Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Zophar that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job’s response. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
665	12:2	dpz4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony	Job mocks how they are acting and shows how ridiculous they sound. Alternate translation: “Surely you are such important people that wisdom cannot exist without you” or “You all act like you are the only wise people and that when you die, wisdom will disappear” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
666	12:2	ba96		“Surely”
667	12:2	dk3z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	This is plural in verses 2 and 3. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
668	12:2	xl1k		“you are the important people who know everything”
669	12:3	kd9k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job used this question to express a truth that should be obvious to his listeners. It can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “Certainly there is no one who does not know such things as these.” or “Certainly everyone knows these things.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
670	12:4	qdq1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases	The relationship between these phrases can be made clear with the words “even though.” Alternate translation: “I am something for my neighbor to laugh at—even though I am one who called on God and he answered me!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
671	12:4	f67d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases	The relationship between these phrases can be made clear with the words “even though.” Alternate translation: “Even though I am a just and blameless man, people now laugh at me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
672	12:5	cg28	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract nouns “thought,” “ease,” “contempt,” and “misfortune” can be expressed with other phrases. Alternate translation: “A person who lives an easy life despises a person who suffers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
673	12:5	j6ph	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Bringing misfortune represents causing it to happen. Alternate translation: “causes more bad things to happen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
674	12:5	z8za	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The foot slipping represents being in danger or trouble. Alternate translation: “to those who are already in trouble” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
675	12:6	rn8l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Their tents prospering represents the robbers prospering in their tents. Alternate translation: “Robbers live in prosperity in their own tents” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
676	12:6	j8fd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “their own hands” is a metonym for strength, and “their gods” is a metaphor for their pride. Alternate translation: “they are extremely proud of their own abilities” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
677	12:7	c1y7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony	Job is saying that the beasts and the birds understand God better than Job’s friends do. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
678	12:7	t82w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	All occurrences of “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
679	12:7	de2x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative	The command in the first part of the sentence functions as a hypothetical condition. Alternate translation: “But if you were to ask the beasts, they would teach you” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
680	12:7	ee93	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative	The command in the first part of the sentence functions as a hypothetical condition. Alternate translation: if you were to ask the birds of the heavens, they would tell you” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
681	12:8	g5xs	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony	Job is saying that the beasts, the birds, the earth, and the fish understand God better than Job’s friends do. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
682	12:8	k4ca	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative	The command in the first part of the sentence functions as a hypothetical condition. Alternate translation: “Or if you were to speak to the earth, it would teach you” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
683	12:8	bjf6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	The command “Ask the fish of the sea” is understood from the previous sentences. It functions as a hypothetical condition. Alternate translation: “and if you were to ask the fish of the sea, they would declare to you” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
684	12:9	hu2y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question emphasizes the point that all the animals know that Yahweh has done this. This question can be worded as a statement. Alternate translation: “Every animal among all these knows … this.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
685	12:9	tht3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Yahweh’s hand represents his power. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has done this by his power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
686	12:10	tx1w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Yahweh’s hand represents his control or power. Alternate translation: “God controls the life of every living thing and gives breath to all mankind” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
687	12:10	s1sr	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “breath” represents life or the ability to live. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
688	12:11	d5vn	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to emphasize that people listen to what others say and judge whether it is good or not. The ear and palate are metonyms for hearing and tasting. Alternate translation: “We hear what people say and test it just as we taste food and test it.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
689	12:12	v4ft	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	“Aged men have wisdom.” The abstract noun “wisdom” can be expressed with “wise.” The word “men” refers to people in general. Alternate translation: “Old people are wise” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
690	12:12	lhn1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	This represents people gaining understanding when they live a long time. The abstract noun “understanding” can be expressed with the phrase “understand much.” Alternate translation: “people gain understanding when they live a long time” or “people who live a long time understand much” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
691	12:13	mmb7		Verse 13 says that God is wise and mighty. The rest of this chapter shows that this is true by telling about the wise and mighty things that God does.
692	12:13	tw4v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract nouns “wisdom” and “might” can be expressed with the adjectives “wise” and “mighty.” Alternate translation: “God is wise and mighty” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
693	12:14	aq2d		“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
694	12:14	v1pt	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one can rebuild it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
695	12:14	c4eb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “release” can be expressed with the verb “free.” Alternate translation: “if God shuts someone in, no one can free him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
696	12:15	pl3c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Possible meanings are that withholding waters represents (1) preventing the rain from falling. Alternate translation: “if he stops the rain from falling the land dries up” or (2) preventing running water from flowing. Alternate translation: “if he stops the water from flowing, the land dries up” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
697	12:15	rel2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Possible meanings are that sending them out is a metaphor meaning (1) causing the rain to fall. Alternate translation: “if he causes a lot of rain to fall, it floods the land” or (2) causing the waters to flow. Alternate translation: “if he makes a lot of water flow, it floods the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
698	12:16	gqf6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract nouns “strength” and “wisdom” can be expressed with the words “strong” and “wise.” Alternate translation: “God is strong and wise” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
699	12:16	uuh8		Being in God’s power represents God ruling over them. Alternate translation: “people who believe a lie and people who lie to others are both in his power” or “God rules over both people who believe lies and people who lie to others”
700	12:17	lk8b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Leading counselors away barefoot represents taking away their wisdom and authority. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
701	12:17	ux12	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “sorrow” can be expressed with the words “sad” or “grieve” Alternate translation: “and they feel very sad” or “and they grieve” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
702	12:17	uu39		“he makes judges become foolish”
703	12:18	w5lc	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Possible meanings are that (1) this is a metonym for causing kings to no longer have authority. Alternate translation: “He takes away the authority of kings” or (2) this is a metonym for setting people free from the chains that kings have put on them. Alternate translation: “He takes off the bonds that kings have put on people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
704	12:18	p4c4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	This cloth is probably what a slave wears. To put these cloths on kings represents making the kings slaves. Alternate translation: “he makes kings wear the clothing of slaves” or “he makes them slaves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
705	12:19	mkn4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Leading priests away barefoot represents taking away their authority. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
706	12:19	wut2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “sorrow” can be expressed with the words “sad” or “grieve” Alternate translation: “and they feel sad” or “and they grieve” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
707	12:19	ch3f		“defeats powerful people”
708	12:20	g3na	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Removing their speech represents making them unable to speak. Alternate translation: “He makes those who were trusted unable to speak” or “He silences people whom others trusted” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
709	12:20	dk1e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Taking away their understanding represents making them unable to understand or make good decisions. Alternate translation: “makes the elders unable to understand” or “makes the elders unable to make good decisions” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
710	12:20	gm4d		Possible meanings are (1) the older people or (2) the leaders.
711	12:21	l74e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Pouring contempt on princes is a metaphor for causing people to feel contempt for them. Alternate translation: “He causes people to greatly disrespect those who rule” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
712	12:21	k6sg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The belt is a symbol of strength. Unfastening a strong person’s belt represents taking away his strength and making him weak. Alternate translation: “makes the strong people weak” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
713	12:22	c31p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Revealing things represents making them known. “Deep things from darkness” represent secrets that people do not know. Alternate translation: “He makes known secrets that people do not know” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
714	12:22	bqc1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Bringing things out into the light represents making them known, and here “shadows” is a metonym for the things that are hidden in the shadows, which in turn are a metaphor for truths that God has hidden from people. Alternate translation: “makes known things that no one can see” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
715	12:23	zzy8		“He makes nations larger” or “He makes nations have more land”
716	12:23	dkw2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	God leading nations represents God causing enemy nations to lead them. The word “them” represents nations, which here represents the people of those nations. Alternate translation: “he also causes their enemies to lead them along as prisoners” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
717	12:24	n4ta	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Taking away their understanding represents causing them to be unable to understand. Alternate translation: “He causes the leaders of the people of the earth to be unable to understand” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
718	12:24	w1re	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Wandering in a wilderness where there is no path represents being in a difficult situation and not knowing what to do. Alternate translation: “to be unsure of what to do like a person wandering in a wasteland with no path” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
719	12:25	x7t2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Being in the dark without light represents lacking knowledge. Alternate translation: “They struggle to make decisions without knowledge as people struggle to walk in the dark without light” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
720	12:25	a21u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Staggering or wandering like a drunk man represents living without purpose. Alternate translation: “he makes them live without purpose like a drunk person who staggers as he walks” or “they wander aimlessly like a drunk person who staggers back and forth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
721	13:intro	x1ub		Job 13 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job’s response to Zophar. It also contains Job’s claim of righteousness to Yahweh. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) Special concepts in this chapter Job’s righteousness Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse God. His friends, on the other hand, judge Job’s case, which Job recognizes to be Yahweh’s authority. These three friends therefore try to take God’s place. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical questions Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Zophar that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job’s response. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
722	13:1	i5ce		Job continues to speak to his friends.
723	13:1	i4pc		“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
724	13:1	d8w1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Job referred to himself as his eye since it is with his eyes that he saw these things. Alternate translation: “I have seen all this” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
725	13:1	q1yi	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Job referred to himself as his ear since it is with his ears that he heard these things. Alternate translation: “I have heard and understood it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
726	13:2	cq6c		“What you know, I also know” or “I know as much as you”
727	13:3	lcm5		Job continues to speak to his friends.
728	13:3	mx6r		Job’s friends are judging him, but they not speaking the truth. Job would rather argue with God alone about his complaint.
729	13:4	f979	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Putting whitewash or plaster on the truth represents ignoring the truth. Alternate translation: “you hide the truth with lies” or “you lie and ignore the truth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
730	13:4	p89c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Being a physician represents being a person who comforts others. Being of no value means that they do not know how to do what they should. Alternate translation: “you are all like physicians who do not know how to heal people” or “you all come to comfort me, but you do not know how, like unskilled physicians” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
731	13:5	gp7i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This expression means “be quiet” or “stop talking.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
732	13:5	t33j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	They thought that they were saying wise things, but Job was saying that they would be wiser if they would stop talking. The abstract noun “wisdom” can be expressed with the word “wise.” Alternate translation: “If you were to do that, you would be wise” or “If you were to stop talking, you would appear wise” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
733	13:6	ezt5		Job continues to speak to his friends.
734	13:6	v78i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “lips” represent the person who is speaking. Alternate translation: “listen to what I myself plead for” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
735	13:7	scy3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses these two questions to rebuke his friends for speaking unrighteously. Alternate translation: “You think that you are speaking for God, but you are speaking unrighteously. You are speaking deceitfully.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
736	13:7	gc76		“lie” or “tell lies”
737	13:8	x6cv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Showing kindness to God represents helping God or defending God against Job’s complaints. Job uses these questions to rebuke his friends for thinking that they can defend God. Alternate translation: “You think that God need you to defend him? You think that you can argue for God like attorneys in court.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
738	13:9	i61h		Job continues to speak to his friends.
739	13:9	l9wk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Here “searches you out” is a metaphor meaning “examines you.” Job uses this question to warn his friends that if God were to examine them, he would say that what they are doing is wrong. Alternate translation: “When God examines you, it will not be good for you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
740	13:9	gk9j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to warn his friends that God knows the truth about them. Alternate translation: “You might be able to deceive men, but you cannot deceive God.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
741	13:10	ecs9		“rebuke you”
742	13:10	g5lz		“if you secretly show favor to another.” Showing partiality refers to saying only good things about someone so that the judge will say that the person is good. Doing this in secret means pretending to speak fairly, but really favoring one person over another.
743	13:11	bx5e		Job continues to speak to his friends.
744	13:11	j11v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses these questions to rebuke his friends. Possible meanings are (1) Job is saying that they should fear God. Alternate translation: “His majesty should make you afraid, and his dread should fall on you.” or (2) Job is saying that they will fear God. Alternate translation: “His majesty will make you afraid, and his dread will fall on you!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
745	13:11	e6x9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Dread falling on people represents them becoming terribly afraid. Alternate translation: “and you not be terribly afraid” or “and you not be terrified” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
746	13:12	s8ny	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Ashes represent things that are worthless and do not last. Alternate translation: “Your memorable sayings are worthless like ashes” or “Your memorable sayings will be forgotten like ashes that are blown away” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
747	13:12	brf8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of what they say as if it were a wall made of clay around a city; it cannot defend the people because clay breaks easily. Alternate translation: “What you say in defense is as useless as a wall of clay” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
748	13:12	pt19		Possible meanings are that this refers to (1) what they say to defend themselves or (2) what they say to defend God.
749	13:13	ygn9		Job continues to speak to his friends.
750	13:13	i6h6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom meaning “Be quiet” or “Stop talking” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
751	13:13	wau3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom that means “stop bothering me” or “stop hindering me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
752	13:13	vp1h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Things coming on a person represents things happening to a person. This expression starting with “let” means that he does not care what might happen to him. Alternate translation: “let whatever may happen to me happen” or “I do not care what may happen to me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
753	13:14	wk5u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	“Flesh” here is a metonym for life. “Teeth” and “hands” are metonyms for his own control. These two phrases together emphasize that Job is willing to risk his life by arguing his case with God. Alternate translation: “I am ready to risk my life” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
754	13:16	t8zh		Job finishes speaking to his friends and begins to address God directly.
755	13:16	e8gk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “deliverance” can be expressed with the verb “deliver.” Alternate translation: “This is the reason that God will deliver me” or “This is why God will save me from my troubles” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
756	13:17	ppd9		Job begins directing his speech directly to God.
757	13:17	z88n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two lines mean basically the same thing and intensify Job’s request for God to listen to him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
758	13:17	g1xr	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “declaration” can be expressed with the verb “declare.” The ears represent listening. Alternate translation: “listen to my declaration” or “listen to what I declare” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
759	13:18	dj3q		Job continues speaking to God.
760	13:18	y2bk		This emphasizes what follows. “Listen now” or “Please pay special attention”
761	13:18	mb7w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Setting his defense in order represents deciding what he will say to defend himself. Alternate translation: “I have thought through how I will defend myself” or “I have decided how I will explain myself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
762	13:19	u63c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to express his belief that since he is right, no one would argue against him. Alternate translation: “I do not believe that anyone would argue against me in court.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
763	13:19	t9jj		“If you came to argue against me”
764	13:19	v85m		“You” here means God himself.
765	13:19	r79s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if you were to prove me wrong” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
766	13:19	b4n5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Giving up one’s life is a metaphor for dying. Alternate translation: “die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
767	13:20	y87x		Job continues speaking to God.
768	13:20	yzd3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	“Face” represents the person. Alternate translation: “from you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
769	13:21	l5nn	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	An oppressive hand is a metonym for doing things that oppress someone. Withdrawing the hand is a metaphor for stopping doing those things. Alternate translation: “stop oppressing me” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
770	13:21	w19t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The phrase “your terrors” refers to what causes people to be terrified of God. Alternate translation: “do not terrify me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
771	13:23	adu2		Job continues speaking to God.
772	13:24	vm5j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job asks this question to complain about how God is treating him. He probably hopes for an answer. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
773	13:24	i7qi	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Hiding one’s face from someone represents refusing to look at him or ignoring him. Alternate translation: “you refuse to look at me” or “you ignore me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
774	13:25	xm7f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses these questions to tell God that since Job is so insignificant and weak, it is useless to persecute him. “Leaf” and “stubble” are metaphors describing Job’s weakness, insignificance and frailty. Alternate translation: “You persecute me, but I am weak like a leaf blown by the wind and insignificant like dry stubble.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
775	13:26	ta4y		Job finishes presenting his case to God.
776	13:26	h6dc	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	“Bitter things” represents accusations. Alternate translation: “For you write down accusations against me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
777	13:26	bc79	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Inheriting the iniquities of his youth is a metaphor. Possible meanings are it represents (1) being guilty for the sins of his youth. Alternate translation: “you say that I am still guilty for the sins of my youth” or (2) being punished for the sins of his youth. Alternate translation: “you punish me for the sins of my youth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
778	13:26	l6wj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “youth” can be translated with the word “young.” Alternate translation: “the sins I committed when I was young” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
779	13:27	l4hh	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Doing this represents punishing Job and keeping him from living freely as if Job had committed a crime and was a prisoner. Alternate translation: “It is as though you put my feet in the stocks” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
780	13:27	lk93		Possible meanings are (1) a frame that holds a prisoner’s feet in place so that he cannot move at all or (2) chains around a prisoner’s feet that make it hard for him to walk. These are used as a form of punishment.
781	13:27	v659	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	“Paths” represent the things Job does. Alternate translation: “everything I do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
782	13:27	x3kd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The soles of his feet represent the person who walks. Alternate translation: “you examine the ground where I have walked” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
783	13:27	l15n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Examining this ground represents examining all that Job has done. Alternate translation: “it is as though you examine the ground where I have walked” or “you examine everything I do like a person examining someone’s footprints on the ground” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
784	13:28	mlj8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job compares his life to something that is decaying. He is slowly dying. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
785	13:28	fq5k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job compares himself to clothes that are full of holes because the moths have eaten parts of it. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
786	14:intro	t321		Job 14 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job’s claim of righteousness being presented to Yahweh. It also has an abrupt shift in tone. Rather than being hopeful, Job laments. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/lament]]) Special concepts in this chapter Resurrection The events of Job occurred long before the Old Testament was written. Therefore, he likely had very little direct revelation about Yahweh. The resurrection of the dead was apparently not well-known during Job’s day. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical questions Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in his appeal to Yahweh. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
787	14:1	g34y		This chapter continues Job’s speech, which started in Job 12:1. Job is speaking to God.
788	14:1	d6in	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations	This refers to all people, both men and women; all are born into this world. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
789	14:1	u162	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	This is an exaggeration to emphasize that people live only a short time. Alternate translation: “lives only a very short time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
790	14:1	pfe3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Being “full of trouble” represents experiencing much trouble. Alternate translation: “has many troubles” or “suffers much” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
791	14:2	bgr2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Like the life of a flower, a person’s life is short and is easily killed. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
792	14:2	w4bb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	A person’s short life is compared to a shadow that disappears quickly. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
793	14:3	tkx9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job implies that he does not want God to pay so much attention to him. Alternate translation: “You do not look at any of these.” or “You do not pay so much attention to these. Please do not pay so much attention to me.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
794	14:3	inl9		Here looking at some one represents paying attention to him in order to judge him. Alternate translation: “pay attention to” or “look for faults in”
795	14:3	fg87	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to show his surprise that God judges him even though Job is so insignificant like the flowers. Alternate translation: “But you judge me.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
796	14:4	nf8f		Job continues speaking to God.
797	14:4	pls1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to persuade God to apply what he knows about unclean things to Job. Alternate translation: “No one can bring something clean out of something unclean” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
798	14:5	fm5b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “You determine a man’s days” or “You decide how long a man lives” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
799	14:5	iz79	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The number of man’s months being with God represents God deciding the number of months that the man will live. “You decide how many months he will live” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
800	14:5	jij3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Passing a limit represents living past a time that God has set for a person to die. Alternate translation: “you have appointed the time that he will die, and he cannot live longer than that” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
801	14:6	w4rx		a man who is hired to do a job and goes home afterwards
802	14:7	l8i1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “hope” can be expressed with the verb “hope.” The hope is explained in verses 7-9. Alternate translation: “We can hope that a tree will live again” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
803	14:7	ezr1		“it might start growing again”
804	14:7	jj4i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Disappearing represents dying. Alternate translation: “so that its young shoot will not die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
805	14:8	u25b		“Even if”
806	14:8	cqw2		the part of the tree that remains sticking out of the ground after someone has cut down most of the tree
807	14:9	f92c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	This describes the dead stump as if it could smell water to represent water being near it. Alternate translation: “even if only a little water is near it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
808	14:9	dav4		“it will start growing”
809	14:9	bx2i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	The tree sending out branches represents branches growing on the tree. Alternate translation: “branches will start growing on it like a plant” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
810	14:10	wz2a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to emphasize that when a person dies, he is not present. Alternate translation: “no one knows where he is.” or “he is gone.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
811	14:11	jp78		Job begins to use word pictures to describe how it is that “man dies; he becomes weak” (verse 10).
812	14:11	dug9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Water that has dried up from a lake or a river cannot return, and once a person dies or grows old, he cannot become young again. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
813	14:12	f32z		Job finishes comparing growing old and dying with water drying up (verse 11).
814	14:12	a5nl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Lying down represents dying. Alternate translation: “so people die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
815	14:12	h4i1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Rising again represents living again. Alternate translation: “do not live again” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
816	14:13	wd65		Job continues speaking to God.
817	14:13	w12i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations	This is an exclamation showing what Job wants very much but does not really expect to happen. Alternate translation: “I wish that you would hide me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
818	14:13	is2h		“keep me locked up” or “keep me hidden”
819	14:13	km9h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Call someone to mind is an idiom meaning to think about him. Alternate translation: “think about me” or “remember me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
820	14:14	u755	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The implicit answer is “no.” Alternate translation: “If a man dies, he will not live again.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
821	14:14	a2dm	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	What “so” refers to is understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “If he would live again” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
822	14:14	he34		“to wait all my time there even though I would be weary”
823	14:14	ws2y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “release” can be expressed with the verb “release.” Alternate translation: “until I should be released” or “until you release me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
824	14:15	vrv7		Job continues speaking to God.
825	14:15	tbe8		“I would do what you wanted me to do”
826	14:15	d3u1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The noun “desire” can be expressed with the verbs “desire” or “want.” Alternate translation: “You would desire” or “You would want” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
827	14:15	j3fp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here God’s hands represent him making things. Job refers to himself as the work of God’s hands. Alternate translation: “for me, whom you have made” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
828	14:16	k7q4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys	These two verbs together express a single action. Alternate translation: “attentively care for” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
829	14:16	q9vm	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Footsteps represent his life or what he does. Alternate translation: “my life” or “the things I do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
830	14:16	bay1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Keeping track of Job’s sin represents thinking about his sin. Alternate translation: “you would not look at my sin” or “you would not think about my sin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
831	14:17	zvn3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These three lines express the same thought and are used together to emphasize his confidence that God would forgive him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
832	14:17	cby4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Sealing transgression in a bag represents hiding it and refusing to think about it. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You would refuse to think about my transgression like someone who hides something in a bag” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
833	14:17	qe5i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Covering up someone’s iniquity so that it cannot be seen represents refusing to think about it. Alternate translation: “you would hide my iniquity” or “you would ignore my iniquity” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
834	14:18	n4gl		Job continues speaking to God.
835	14:18	hga3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	“Come to nothing” here is an idiom meaning be completely destroyed. This phrase expands on the word “fall” and emphasizes complete destruction. Alternate translation: “mountains completely fall apart” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
836	14:18	h2q3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “rocks tumble down from their place” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
837	14:19	nc2a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	If it is easier in your language, you can put this phrase at the beginning of verse 18 and adjust the text accordingly. Alternate translation: “You destroy the hope of man, just like … dust of the earth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
838	14:19	dj8q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Destroying hope represents causing the things people hope for not to happen. Alternate translation: “You prevent the hope of man from happening” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
839	14:19	usl5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “hopes” can be expressed with the verb “hope.” Alternate translation: “the things that man hopes for” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
840	14:20	lnf7		Job continues speaking to God.
841	14:20	q4my		The word “him” refers to any person. Alternate translation: “You always defeat man” or “You always defeat people”
842	14:20	uah1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	Passing away represents dying. Alternate translation: “he dies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
843	14:20	p3dh		Possible meanings are (1) the pain just before dying makes his face contract or (2) when a person dies, God makes the person’s face look different.
844	14:20	lq7f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This represents causing him to die. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
845	14:21	m7cw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Being brought low represents being shamed. Alternate translation: “if they are disgraced” or “if people shame them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
846	15:intro	p4sy		Job 15 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of the advice of Job’s friend, Eliphaz. His words in this chapter are much stronger than when he previously spoke. Special concepts in this chapter Eliphaz’s advice Eliphaz tells Job to curse Yahweh. The advice Eliphaz gives to Job is bad advice. He tries to convince Job that he is sinning and has been punished by Yahweh. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical questions Eliphaz uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to build Eliphaz’s argument. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
847	15:1	v5mb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a man. People from Teman are known as Temanites. See how you translated this in Job 2:11. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
848	15:2	mw8h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Eliphaz uses this rhetorical question to rebuke Job. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “A wise man should not answer with useless knowledge nor fill himself with the east wind.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
849	15:2	hd46	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The wind represents emptiness. This phrase speaks of a person speaking empty and meaningless words as if that person were full of the wind. Alternate translation: “fill himself with empty words” or “only have meaningless words” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
850	15:2	h768		“hot air” or “the desert wind”
851	15:3	mka2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Eliphaz uses this rhetorical question to rebuke Job. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “He should not reason with unprofitable talk nor with speeches with which he can do no good.” or “He should not argue using unprofitable talk or make speeches that accomplish nothing good.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
852	15:4	kfj8		Possible meanings are (1) “because of what you say and do, other people no longer respect God” or (2) “you are no longer respecting God.”
853	15:4	k1xg		make smaller
854	15:4	fz3c		Possible meanings are (1) “you make it difficult for others to devote themselves to God” or (2) “you are no longer devoting yourself to God.”
855	15:4	f5pv		block someone’s path
856	15:4	p5a3		“meditation on” or “concern for”
857	15:5	t4nv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	This describes “iniquity” as if it were a teacher and Job’s mouth is described as if it is learning. This means that his speech is greatly influenced by his iniquity. Alternate translation: “your iniquity is like a teacher and your mouth is like its student” or “it is because of your sin that you speak the way you do” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
858	15:5	el6q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	This speaks of Job, but refers to his “mouth” to place emphasis on what he says. Alternate translation: “you to speak” or “you to say what you say” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
859	15:5	tt4g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	This refers to the way a crafty man speaks as his “tongue.” Alternate translation: “to speak in the way of a crafty man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
860	15:5	gfb6		man who harms others by lying to them
861	15:6	j5yb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	This refers to Job and Eliphaz by their “mouths” to place emphasis on what they say. Alternate translation: “You are condemned by what you say, not by what I say” or “You condemn yourself by what you say, it is not I who condemns you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
862	15:6	l5gv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	This speaks of Job, but refers to his “lips” to place emphasis on what he says. Alternate translation: “your own words” or “you testify” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
863	15:7	rl1y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Each verse is a parallelism that contains two rhetorical questions. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
864	15:7	dpx3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The implicit answer here is “no.” This rhetorical question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are not the first man that was born.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
865	15:7	a7jq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The implicit answer here is “no.” This rhetorical question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You were not brought into existence before the hills.” or “God did not bring you into existence before he brought the hills into existence.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
866	15:7	v4jt	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Did God bring you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
867	15:8	s4d8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The implicit answer here is “no.” This rhetorical question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have not heard the secret knowledge of God.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
868	15:8	z3rg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This rhetorical question emphasizes that he cannot limit wisdom to himself. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You cannot limit wisdom to yourself.” or “You are not the only wise person.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
869	15:9	afn9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The implicit answer here is “nothing.” This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “There is nothing that you know that we do not know.” or “Everything you know, we also know.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
870	15:9	dt5n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This speaks of the men having understanding as if it were something “inside” them. Alternate translation: “Everything you understand, we also understand.” or “We understand everything that you understand.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
871	15:10	e1wm	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Eliphaz speaks of him and the other men having learned wisdom from older men and wisdom that had been passed down from men of previous generations as if these older men were physically present with them. Alternate translation: “We acquired wisdom from old gray-haired people, from people who were born before your father was” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
872	15:11	w8rr		This rhetorical question is an accusation, with the implicit answer to the question being “yes.” This question may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You must think that the consolations of God are too small for you, the words that are gentle toward you”
873	15:11	lg22		“comforts” or “sympathies”
874	15:12	bbd3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the “heart” represents a person’s emotions. Alternate translation: “Why do your emotions take you away?” or “Why do you allow your emotions to guide your decisions?” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
875	15:12	c87r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This probably refers to Job appearing angry, specifically the appearance of his eyes. Alternate translation: “Why do your eyes look angry” or “Why are you angry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
876	15:13	q3sz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here the “spirit” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “turn yourself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
877	15:13	v2f5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This describes him speaking. Alternate translation: “so you say harsh things against him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
878	15:14	ha68	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two questions are basically the same and are used together to emphasize that a man cannot be perfect. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
879	15:14	n6c7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This rhetorical question is asked to emphasize that a man cannot be completely “clean.” This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “A man, he cannot be completely clean.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
880	15:14	u6tx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	A person who God considers spiritually acceptable is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
881	15:14	z1zl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This rhetorical question is asked to emphasize that a man cannot be completely “righteous.” This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “A man who is born from a woman cannot be completely righteous.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
882	15:15	iv3b		This word is used here to draw Job’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
883	15:15	h358		“his angels”
884	15:15	pd53	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Something that God considers spiritually acceptable is spoken of as if it were physically clean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
885	15:15	q77f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “in his judgment” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
886	15:16	gt36	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	These two words basically mean the same thing and emphasize how wicked humans are. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
887	15:16	we5g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This describes iniquity as if it were water you can drink. It compares how the evil man desires to commit sin to how readily he desires to drink cool water. Alternate translation: “who love iniquity as much as they love a cup of fresh water” or “who commit evil deeds as often as they drink water” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
888	15:17	fks4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “I will explain to you” or “I will make it clear to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
889	15:17	qvd8		“I will declare”
890	15:18	q3uc	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	Eliphaz emphasizes that their ancestors purposefully taught them these things. Alternate translation: “their ancestors taught openly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
891	15:19	yjj4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to whom alone God gave the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
892	15:19	psj1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that no foreigner lived among them, specifically so that they would not be influenced by pagan religions. Alternate translation: “no one from another country came and caused them to think wrongly about God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
893	15:20	q88x		“suffers a lot of pain.” This is either physical or emotional pain.
894	15:20	caz3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all the years that God has laid up” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
895	15:20	s474	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “that are prepared” or “that are set aside” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
896	15:21	fj8p		“He constantly hears sounds that terrify him”
897	15:22	ep91		Eliphaz continues describing the wicked man he began to describe in Job 15:20.
898	15:22	i3pk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here “darkness” is a metaphor for trouble or misfortune. Alternate translation: “escape misfortune” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
899	15:22	lh1i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “the sword” is a metonym that represents an enemy who is waiting to kill the evil man. Possible meanings are (1) he is worried that someone will murder him. Alternate translation: “he worries that someone is about to murder him” or (2) it is certain that he is going to be murdered. Alternate translation: “someone is waiting to murder him” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
900	15:23	k4qm	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “bread” refers to food in general. Alternate translation: “for food” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
901	15:23	ul3l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “the day of disaster” or “the moment of his death” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
902	15:23	gu8g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “is coming soon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
903	15:24	vur7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	The words “distress” and “anguish” mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of the emotion. Here these feelings are spoken of as if they were an enemy who is attacking the wicked man. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
904	15:24	e7mb		“overpower” or “defeat”
905	15:24	tg34	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	This compares how his distress and anguish overpower him to how a king, who is ready for battle, would prevail against him. Alternate translation: “just like a king, who is ready for a battle, would prevail against him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
906	15:25	uuk8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	“he has shook his fist against God.” This is a sign of aggression. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
907	15:26	sx7v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of the wicked man acting aggressively against God as if he were running towards him to attack him. Alternate translation: “attacks God” or “acts violently against God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
908	15:26	b87u		“with his strong shield”
909	15:27	uc39		“This” refers to the wicked man running at God from the previous verse.
910	15:27	db71	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony	This wicked man is described as fat and weak, while believing himself to be strong enough to defeat God. Alternate translation: “he is weak with a fat face and fat loins” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
911	15:28	ki37		“which are abandoned”
912	15:28	r6h8		piles of useless things
913	15:29	r891	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	These two litotes express that he will be the opposite of rich, that he will be poor. Alternate translation: “he will be poor; all his money will disappear” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
914	15:30	jpq7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Darkness here represents death. Alternate translation: “out of the darkness of death” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
915	15:30	pm4a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here the flame represents God’s judgment and the drying up of his stalks represents either the fact that his possessions disappear, or that he will die. Alternate translation: “God will take everything he owns away, like a fire dries out the moist branches of a tree” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
916	15:30	a9ha	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here God’s “breath” represents his judgement. Alternate translation: “God’s breath” or “God’s judgment” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
917	15:30	rxv1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	This refers to him dying. Alternate translation: “he will die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
918	15:31	lr37	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	This is implied that this is what will happen if he trusts in useless things. Alternate translation: “for if he trusts in them, uselessness will be his reward” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
919	15:32	s26k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of the man looking pale and dead as if he were a dried out stalk or tree branch. Alternate translation: “he will look dead, just like the branch of a dead tree does not look green” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
920	15:33	nci7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two lines give a similar image, which is repeated to emphasize that this will surely happen. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
921	15:33	beb8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of the wicked man growing weak and dying as if he were a grapevine dropping unripe grapes. Alternate translation: “Just like a grapevine drops its unripe grapes, so the wicked man will drop his strength” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
922	15:33	g676	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of the wicked man growing weak and dying as if he were an olive tree dropping its flowers. Alternate translation: “just like an olive tree loses its flowers, so the wicked man will lose his strength” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
923	15:34	rr5n		“the group of godless people”
924	15:34	v3q1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession	The phrase “tents of bribery” means that the wicked people bought these tents with the money they made by bribery. Alternate translation: “the tents they bought with their bribes will be burned by fire” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
925	15:35	x22k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The same thought is repeated three times to emphasize how much evil these people produce. This speaks of a person planning to do evil things and doing them as if the person were conceiving and giving birth to these things as a woman conceives and gives birth to a child. Alternate translation: “They plan to cause mischief and do evil things; they are always planning to deceive others” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
926	15:35	u7sb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here the “womb” is used to refer to the person to emphasize conception, as it is in the womb that conception takes place. Alternate translation: “they conceive” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
927	16:intro	j3zc		Job 16 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Eliphaz. Special concepts in this chapter Job’s response Job expresses shock and disgust at the advice Eliphaz gives to him. He even mocks Eliphaz. He describes the difficulties of his circumstances but never curses Yahweh. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) Advocate Job describes the need for someone to intercede for him in heaven. This person would be his advocate and provide a witness for him. Although this is probably not intended as a prophecy, it closely parallels the way Jesus intercedes for people in heaven. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/intercede]], [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
928	16:2	t7wj		“instead of comforting me, you all make me more miserable”
929	16:3	p7ga	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this rhetorical question to express that he wishes that they would stop speaking useless words. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “How I wish your useless words would end!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
930	16:3	g4tp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this rhetorical question to rebuke Eliphaz. Here the word “you” is singular and refers to Eliphaz, who just finished speaking to Job. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Eliphaz, you should stop answering me like this!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
931	16:4	mg21	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of thinking of useless things to say as if his words were random items that he collected and joined together. Alternate translation: “I could think of things to say” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
932	16:4	bv7s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	This is an action that shows disapproval. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
933	16:4	x2nq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The word “mockery” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “to mock you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
934	16:5	dvh6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The words “mouth” and “lips” are metonyms for the words or messages that a person speaks using his mouth and lips. Here Job is speaking sarcastically and means the opposite of what he says. Alternate translation: “My words would surely not be encouraging to you! They would surely not lighten your grief” or “By speaking to you as you spoke to me earlier, I would not encourage you or lighten your grief!” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
935	16:5	qj4h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here Job’s “mouth” represents what he says. Alternate translation: “with what I say” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
936	16:5	yyv5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	This is a metonym for the words or message that he speaks. Alternate translation: “my comforting words” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
937	16:5	i21i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of grief as if it were a heavy physical burden. Alternate translation: “will lessen your grief” or “will help you feel less grief” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
938	16:6	vjz7		Job has experienced great loss of family and health that is unexplained and therefore causes him “great sorrow and emotional pain.”
939	16:6	s8sf	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this rhetorical question to express that keeping quiet does not lessen his grief. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “it does not help me at all.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
940	16:7	t7qh		Job now turns his complaining to God.
941	16:7	mrz6		“destroyed all my family”
942	16:8	z1f4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that Job’s body has shriveled and become wrinkled. Alternate translation: “You have made my body shrivel up” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
943	16:8	pz4y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Job describes the shriveling of his body as if it were an accuser against him. Alternate translation: “and people think that shows me to be a sinner” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
944	16:8	t163	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Job describes the thinness of his body as if it were accuser against him. Alternate translation: “They see how thin my body is, and they think that proves that I am guilty” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
945	16:8	wiw6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here Job is referred to by his “face.” Alternate translation: “against me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
946	16:9	a6fe	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of God causing Job pain as if God were a wild animal and Job were his prey that he was killing. Alternate translation: “Because God is very angry with me, it is as though he were a wild animal that tore my body apart with his teeth because he was my enemy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
947	16:9	crc6		Job refers to God as his “enemy” as he describes how he has caused him great pain.
948	16:9	c555	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “glares at me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
949	16:10	i21w		To “gape” means to stare in amazement with open mouth.
950	16:11	j7re	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two lines mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize Job’s feeling of having been betrayed by God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
951	16:11	mm84	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “puts me under the control of” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
952	16:11	zm7g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here a person’s “hands” refer to his “control.” Alternate translation: “delivers me to the control” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
953	16:12	t8kc	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of his pain and despair as if he himself were something that was broken into pieces. Alternate translation: “but then it felt as though he broke me apart” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
954	16:12	k9u5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of God causing him pain and despair as if he were something that God had taken and smashed into pieces. Alternate translation: “it is as though he has taken me by the neck and smashed me to pieces” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
955	16:12	nt7z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of himself being the focus of God’s attacks as if God has set him up as a target to shoot arrows at. Alternate translation: “it is as though he set me up like a target” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
956	16:13	kx4d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of himself being the focus of God’s attacks as if God has set him up as a target and God had archers surrounding him to attack him. Alternate translation: “It is as though his archers have me surrounded” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
957	16:13	e7bp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of the pain he is feeling by comparing it to God piercing his body with arrows. Here “God” represents the arrows that he shoots. Alternate translation: “It feels like God’s arrows have pierced my kidneys and my liver, spilling my bile on the ground. He does not spare me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
958	16:14	lx7f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of the pain that he feels by comparing himself to a wall that God smashes through. Alternate translation: “I feel like a wall that God smashes through” or “I feel like a wall that God breaks through” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
959	16:14	r9md	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job describes God as a soldier that attacks him. Alternate translation: “it is like he is a warrior who runs at me to attack me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
960	16:15	cnt2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of wearing clothing made of sackcloth as if the cloth were attached to his body. People often wore sackcloth to express mourning or great grief. Alternate translation: “Because I am mourning, I have sewn together sackcloth to wear as my clothing” or “I wear clothing that I made from sackcloth, because I am mourning” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
961	16:15	hil8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job’s “horn” represents the power and authority he had before but now is no more. Alternate translation: “I sit here in the dirt, very depressed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
962	16:16	l1id	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here Job’s eyes are represented by his “eyelids.” Job speaks of his eyes’ dark appearance as if his eyes looked like the eyes of a dead person. Alternate translation: “there are dark circles around my eyes” or “my eyes are dark, like the eyes of a dead person” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
963	16:17	cs74	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	“Hands” refers to a person’s ability and activity. Alternate translation: “I have not acted violently” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
964	16:18	xf2z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe	Jobs speaks to the “earth” directly even though it cannot hear him, to add strength to his statement. The earth is personified as purposefully covering up his blood after he dies. Alternate translation: “I wish my blood would not soak into the ground but that it would remain on top of the ground as proof of how I died” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
965	16:18	aj18	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Job speaks of himself dying as if he would be murdered. Here his “blood” is a metonym referring to his death. Alternate translation: “Earth, when I die, do not hide how I died unfairly” or “Let it not be hidden how I died unfairly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
966	16:18	bg2u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Job speaks of wanting everyone to know what happened to him as if his “cry” were a person that never stopped testifying to what happened to him and never rested. Alternate translation: “let everyone hear about what has happened to me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
967	16:19	kg4r		Job uses this word to draw attention to what he says next. Alternate translation: “listen”
968	16:19	z7js		“testifies that I am righteous”
969	16:19	dhm2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “in heaven” or “in heaven on high” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
970	16:20	b5wz		“scorn” or “ridicule”
971	16:20	v43g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	Job describes how strongly he feels his sorrow. Here he exaggerates how he often cries by saying that tears pour from his eyes. Alternate translation: “my eyes are full of tears while I cry out” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
972	16:21	izh8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person	“for me.” Here Job refers to himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
973	16:21	kk12	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	“as a man does for his neighbor.” Job describes how he wants that one in heaven to plead for him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
974	16:22	z81v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Here Job is referring to himself dying. Alternate translation: “I will die and go to a place” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
975	17:intro	rs6g		Job 17 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job’s response to Eliphaz, but it is more directly addressed to Yahweh. Special concepts in this chapter Job’s grief Job expresses grief or great sadness in this chapter. He awaits the justice and intercession of Yahweh as he awaits his own death. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/intercede]]) Advocate Job describes the need for someone to intercede for him in heaven. This person would be his advocate and provide a witness for him. Although this is probably not intended as a prophecy, it closely parallels the way Jesus intercedes for people in heaven. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
976	17:1	a993		Job continues to speak.
977	17:1	c8r6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Job refers to himself by his “spirit” to emphasize his inner emotions. He speaks of not having any strength left as if he were something that has been used up. Alternate translation: “I am consumed” or “I have lost all of my strength” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
978	17:1	yjx4		“my time is over” or “I am going to die soon”
979	17:1	awv1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	This phrase describes “the grave” as if it is a person who will receive Job as a guest. Alternate translation: “soon I will be dead and buried” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
980	17:2	z26q		“Those who are around me are mocking me”
981	17:2	jf81		“Certainly” or “There is no doubt that”
982	17:2	wp1h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Job refers to himself by his “eyes” to emphasize what he sees. Alternate translation: “I must always see” or “I must always hear” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
983	17:2	wr6q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	“their insults.” The word “provocation” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “them provoking me” or “them, trying to make me angry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
984	17:3	fwk5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job begins to speak to God. Here he speaks of his situation as if he were in prison. He is asking God to provide a pledge so that he may be released. Alternate translation: “God, give now a pledge so that I may be released from this prison” or “pay for my release from prison” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
985	17:3	l8dv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that there is no one else to help him. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “there is no one else who will help me.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
986	17:4	mbj8		Job continues to speak.
987	17:4	fbr7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The word “their” refers to his friends. They are referred to by their “hearts” to emphasize their emotions. Alternate translation: “have kept them” or “have kept my friends” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
988	17:4	y4ne		“you will not allow them to triumph over me”
989	17:5	yxa4		“Anyone who”
990	17:5	kb8z		“falsely accuses his friends in order to get a profit” or “betrays his friends to receive a reward”
991	17:5	i5ps	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The person’s children are referred to here by their “eyes.” This phrase describes the children suffering because of what their father or mother did. Alternate translation: “his children will suffer for it” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
992	17:6	bm2l		Job continues to speak.
993	17:6	kzr9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that people speak of him in a mocking way and use his name as an insult. Alternate translation: “because of him, people use my name as an insult” or “because of them, people use my name as a byword” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
994	17:6	me7l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	“people spit in my face.” In this culture spitting on someone was a great insult. If spitting has a different meaning in your culture you can write this differently. Alternate translation: “people insult me greatly, by spitting in my face” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
995	17:7	a9ip	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Job speaks of his vision as his “eyes.” Alternate translation: “My vision has become weak because I am so sad” or “I am almost blind because of my sorrow” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
996	17:7	my86	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Shadows have no thickness and are infinitely thin. That is an exaggeration of how thin Job’s body parts are. Alternate translation: “all my body parts are very thin” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
997	17:7	pis4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	This is a generalization used to emphasize that his whole body is thin, but refers specifically to his arms and legs. Alternate translation: “my arms and legs” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
998	17:8	cqh3		“will be shocked” or “will be horrified”
999	17:8	u28k		“by what has happened to me”
1000	17:8	g1f9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “will be distressed because of” or “will be very angry with” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1001	17:9	ib95		Job continues to speak.
1002	17:9	r9ay	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “will continue to live in a righteous way” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1003	17:9	lqi9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of a person being innocent as having clean hands. Alternate translation: “he who does what is right” or “he who is innocent” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1004	17:9	lx6m		This does not refer only to physical strength but also to the strength of a person’s will and emotions.
1005	17:10	e43i		Job is speaking to Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar.
1006	17:10	e7nv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Job invites his friends to debate what he has said. Alternate translation: “come on now, argue with me again” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1007	17:11	uk6q		Job continues to speak.
1008	17:11	nba8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “My time is past” or “My life is over” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1009	17:11	f9nn	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here Job’s “heart” represents his inner being. Alternate translation: “my plans will never happen, nor will the things that I have desired most” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1010	17:12	m4j6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	These two phrases refer to the same people, namely Job’s friends, Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar. The second phrase emphasizes their unfriendly attitude. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1011	17:12	m8i8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of the people claiming that night is day as if they actually changed night into day. Alternate translation: “claim it is daytime when it is night” or “say the opposite of what is true, just as night is the opposite of day” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1012	17:12	fif1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It is implied that the mockers claim that it is light when it is close to dark. Alternate translation: “they claim that light is near to darkness” or “they claim that when it is becoming dark, that it is getting light” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1013	17:13	iy1d		Job continues to speak.
1014	17:13	pj8i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	The instances of “if” here have the meaning of “since”; Job is speaking as if all these things were true. “Since the only home … and since I have spread” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1015	17:13	h88c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here Job speaks of being prepared to die as having laid his bed in the darkness. Alternate translation: “have prepared myself to go and sleep among the dead” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1016	17:13	kx3d		“have made my bed”
1017	17:14	m7hf	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	The word “if” here has the meaning of “since”; Job is speaking as if this were true. “since I have said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1018	17:14	ud6f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two lines are a variation to each other and are used together to emphasize how desperate Job is. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1019	17:14	z4yk		“the grave”
1020	17:14	uwb3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of the closeness he will soon have with his grave by comparing it to the closeness a man has with his father. Alternate translation: “You are as close to me as my father” or “When I am buried, you will be as close to me as a father” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1021	17:14	nrr3		“the maggot.” Worms are the small creatures that eat dead bodies.
1022	17:14	e6lb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of the closeness he will soon have with the worms in his grave by comparing it to the closeness a man has with his mother and sisters. Alternate translation: “You are as close to me as my mother or my sister” or “You will be as close to me as a mother or sister” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1023	17:15	zb7d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The implicit answer is “nowhere,” because he has no hope. This rhetorical question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have no hope.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1024	17:15	g6bv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This rhetorical question is used to emphasize that no one expects him to have any hope. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one can see any hope for me.” or “No one expects me to have any more hope.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1025	17:16	h77p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The implicit answer is “no.” This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Hope will not go down with me … dust.” or “I will no longer hope when I go down … dust.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1026	17:16	yx83	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Sheol does not really have gates, but it is a metaphor for Job entering Sheol. Alternate translation: “when I go into Sheol” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1027	17:16	ajw5		“when I and the things that I hope for” or “when I and my hopes.” The word “we” refers to Job and his hope.
1028	17:16	z16e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “die and are buried” or “go to the grave” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1029	18:intro	qk5f		Job 18 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is the advice of Job’s friend, Bildad. His words in this chapter are much stronger than when he previously spoke, and he is even angry at Job. Special concepts in this chapter Bildad’s advice Bildad tells Job to curse Yahweh. The advice Bildad gives to Job is bad advice. He tries to convince Job that he is sinning and has been punished by Yahweh. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
1030	18:1	g41k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry	Bildad the Shuhite is speaking to Job. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1031	18:1	b2sb		“Bildad” is the name of a man who is a member of the tribe of Shuah. See how you translated this in Job 8:1.
1032	18:2	b4en	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This rhetorical question means that Job has been talking for too long. This may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Stop talking!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1033	18:2	jpp1		“Be reasonable, and” or “Think about these things, and”
1034	18:3	ejb1		Bildad continues speaking to Job.
1035	18:3	b16n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Bildad uses this rhetorical questions to emphasize to Job that he should not consider his friends as animals who cannot think or speak. It can be written as a statement in active form. Alternate translation: “We should not be regarded as beasts, as stupid in your sight.” or “You should not regard us as beasts or think of us as stupid.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1036	18:3	myx4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive	The word “we” probably refers to Bildad and Job’s other friends and so is exclusive. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
1037	18:3	v7r1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Regarding, looking, is a metonym here for thinking well or badly of someone. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1038	18:3	yk9u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “in your judgment” or “in your thinking” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1039	18:3	pdy5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person	The word “your” here is plural. Bildad is using sarcasm to tell Job that Job should not think of himself as a great man. Alternate translation: “your sight, you who wrongly think you are great” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-123person]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
1040	18:4	zm4p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Here Bildad is stating that it is because of Job’s anger and disobedience that he has been injured, not because of God’s anger as Job has previously claimed. The word “tear” here means to “injure.” Alternate translation: “You who have caused your own injuries because of your anger” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1041	18:4	ug9i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This rhetorical question suggests that letting Job, whom they consider a guilty man, go free would be like changing the whole world. Bildad uses these huge exaggerations here to emphasize how outrageous he thinks this is. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “asking God to let you, a guilty man, go free is as silly as asking for God to forsake the earth for your sake or for God to move the rocks out of their places to please you!” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1042	18:4	r5lg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “should everyone leave the earth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1043	18:4	zyh5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. The word “rocks” here refers to large rocks, such as those in the mountains. Alternate translation: “should God remove the rocks from their places” or “should God move mountains around” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1044	18:5	qn5v		Bildad continues speaking to Job.
1045	18:5	e2fi	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Bildad speaks of a wicked person dying as if his lamp were being blown out. Alternate translation: “What will happen is that the lives of wicked people like you end as quickly as we can put out a light or extinguish the flame of a fire” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1046	18:5	d868	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “will go out” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1047	18:6	uj2t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Bildad continues to speak of the wicked person dying. He speaks of the wicked man’s life as if it were the light in his tent. Alternate translation: It will be like the light in his tent has turned to darkness, like the lamp above him has gone out” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1048	18:7	ku32		Bildad continues to describe the wicked person.
1049	18:7	fxl3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of the wicked person suddenly experiencing disaster as if he no longer had strength to walk. Alternate translation: “It will be like he no longer has the strength to walk” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1050	18:7	bgk5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	“his own advice makes him fall down.” This speaks of the wicked person undergoing disaster as if he fell down. Alternate translation: “his own plans will lead him into disaster” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1051	18:8	t3iw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	“His own feet will lead him into a net.” Bildad uses this image to say that the way that a wicked person lives his life leads him to sudden disaster. Alternate translation: “It will be as though he led himself into a net, as if he walked right into a pitfall” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1052	18:8	fl11		cords or ropes that people weave together to create a mesh. People used nets to catch animals.
1053	18:8	wa1n		a pit that has branches and leaves over it so that an animal will walk onto the branches and leaves and fall into the pit
1054	18:9	p9gz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Bildad continues to speak and uses three parallel images to describe how suddenly the wicked person will experience disaster. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1055	18:9	t6fv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	These four phrases speak of the wicked man experiencing disaster as if he were caught in a trap. Alternate translation: “It will be as though a trap will take him … a snare will” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1056	18:9	jr8g		People used this kind of trap to catch birds. The trap snapped shut and held on to the foot of the bird.
1057	18:9	dnn6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here the “heel” refers to the whole foot. Alternate translation: “will take hold of his foot” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1058	18:10	u5yk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	These four phrases speak of the wicked man experiencing disaster as if he were caught in a trap. Alternate translation: “It will be as though a noose is … and a trap for him in the way” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1059	18:10	q4wx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone has hidden a noose on the ground in order to catch him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1060	18:10	xp42		a rope with a loop that grabs hold of an animal’s leg when the animal steps in the middle of the loop
1061	18:10	f193	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	The understood verbal phrase “is hidden” may be supplied. Alternate translation: “a trap is hidden on the path to catch him” or “someone will hide a trap to catch him in the way” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1062	18:11	e8bw		“Terrors all around will make him afraid”
1063	18:11	ln1g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	This speaks of the things that terrify the wicked person as if they were enemies who chased him. Alternate translation: “it will be as if the terrors will chase him all around” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1064	18:12	r63p		Bildad continues to describe the wicked person.
1065	18:12	v7el	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of the wicked man becoming poor and hungry as if his wealth were something that turned into something else. Alternate translation: “Instead of being wealthy, he will become poor and hungry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1066	18:12	zbs5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “ready at his side” is an idiom that means that something is continually present. Alternate translation: “he will continually experience disaster” or “he will not be able to avoid calamity” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1067	18:13	u5is	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Also, this speaks of a disease destroying his body as if it were an animal that had attacked him and was eating him. Alternate translation: “Disease will eat away at his skin” or “Disease will destroy his skin” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1068	18:13	mrr7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here a disease that kills many people is referred to as “the firstborn of death.” This speaks of that disease destroying his body as if it were an animal that had attacked him and was eating him. Alternate translation: “a deadly disease will destroy the different parts of his body” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1069	18:14	ct2u		Bildad continues to describe the wicked person.
1070	18:14	m1gl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Disaster rips him out of his tent, where he is safe” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1071	18:14	r3dq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “it marches him off” or “it forces him to go” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1072	18:14	atl1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This is a reference to “King Death,” a pagan god who was believed to rule over death. Alternate translation: “the one who rules over the dead” or “the king of death” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1073	18:15	n4sy		“People who are not his family”
1074	18:15	fpm9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	People used sulfur to get rid of any diseases from a dying person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “after they spread sulfur all over his home” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1075	18:16	qa6m		Bildad continues to describe the wicked person.
1076	18:16	uul5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of the wicked man dying and having no descendants as if he were a tree whose roots dried up and branches withered, producing no fruit. Alternate translation: “He will die and leave no descendants, he will be like a tree whose roots have dried up and whose branches have all withered” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1077	18:16	u1by	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “his branches will wither” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1078	18:17	y9j9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These phrases have the same meaning and are used together to emphasize the fact that nobody will remember him after he dies. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1079	18:17	m6xw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of the “memory” of the wicked man as if it were a person who died. Alternate translation: “No one on the earth will remember him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1080	18:17	fs6r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “no one walking along the street will even remember his name” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1081	18:18	arw9		Bildad continues to describe the wicked person.
1082	18:18	k7ju	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These phrases together emphasize the fact that the wicked person will be sent to Sheol, the place of the dead. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1083	18:18	er2m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will drive the wicked person from light into darkness” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1084	18:18	w8ix	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The word “light” refers to life, and the word “darkness” refers to death. Alternate translation: “from the light of life to the darkness of death” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1085	18:18	pgz1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of God making him leave earth and go where dead people go as if he were chasing him. Alternate translation: “God will make him leave this world” or “God will send him to the place where dead people go” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1086	18:18	dr9v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will chase him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1087	18:19	u2ga	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Together these two phrases emphasize that he will have no family or descendants left. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1088	18:19	chi9		“grandson” or “grandchild”
1089	18:19	asp3		“relatives”
1090	18:20	wn9y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism	The phrases “in the west” and “in the east” are together a merism that refers to all people living everywhere. This is an exaggeration as not everyone on the earth will hear about what happened to a specific wicked person. Alternate translation: “Everyone in the whole world will be horrified and frightened when they see what happens to the wicked person” or “Many people who live in the east and in the west will be horrified and frightened when they see what happens to the wicked person” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-merism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1091	18:20	r4pt		“someday”
1092	18:21	w31s		Bildad continues to describe the wicked person.
1093	18:21	da3s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two phrases have the same meaning and refer to the same people. Here these people are referred to by the places where they live. Alternate translation: “unrighteous people, those who do not know God” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1094	19:intro	vq57		Job 19 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Bildad. Verses 25-27 are very important to this book. They show the great depth of Job’s faith in Yahweh after his most difficult time. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])
1095	19:1	rlm3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry	See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]
1096	19:1	u8kd		Job speaks to his three friends.
1097	19:2	xxa9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to complain about how his friends are treating him. Alternate translation: “Stop making me suffer and breaking me into pieces with words.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1098	19:2	r3lw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job uses this image to say that their words make him feel very sad and hopeless. Alternate translation: “torment me with your words” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1099	19:3	k3k9		Job continues to speak to his three friends.
1100	19:3	k4th	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “These ten times” refers to the way that the friends have completely rebuked Job. Alternate translation: “You have completely reproached me” or “You have reproached me many times” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1101	19:3	uy8e		Job is rebuking them for this. This can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: “You should be ashamed that you have treated me so harshly”
1102	19:3	vjt8		“have despised me” or “have publicly ridiculed me”
1103	19:4	f1ee		“have sinned by accident” or “mistakenly sinned”
1104	19:4	bfn1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Job implies that his friends are not responsible for continuing to rebuke him since he is the one who made the error. Alternate translation: “my error is my own responsibility, so you should not continue to rebuke me” or “my error did not hurt you, so you should not continue to rebuke me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1105	19:4	fb5f		“my sin” or “my mistake”
1106	19:5	zw49		Job continues to speak to his three friends.
1107	19:5	z7gm		“If you think you are better than I am” or “Since you act as though you are better than I am”
1108	19:5	ms5y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	How his friends would do this can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “claim that my humiliation is proof against me” or “use my humiliation as evidence that I am guilty” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1109	19:5	tzm1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “humiliation” can be expressed with the verb “humiliate.” Alternate translation: “claim that what has happened to humiliate me proves that I am guilty” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1110	19:6	gb9h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks as if God were a hunter that has trapped Job in his net. This metaphor represents God taking control of Job and Job’s feeling of helplessness. Alternate translation: “has trapped me” or “has taken control of me” or “has control of what happens to me, so that I am helpless” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1111	19:7	gh9v		Job continues to speak to his three friends.
1112	19:7	bp47		“Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: I cry out”
1113	19:7	zyg9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This is a cry for help. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Violence! Help!” or “Help! I am being attacked!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1114	19:7	i3lc		“I shout for help” or “I cry for help”
1115	19:7	i4w8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “justice” can be translated with a phrase that makes the meaning clear. Alternate translation: “but no one protects me from those who do me wrong” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1116	19:8	dpr7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job uses these images to describe how God has made him feel helpless and hopeless. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1117	19:8	ly9g		“God has put a wall on the road that I am walking on” or “He has blocked the way so I cannot keep going”
1118	19:9	wfj7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job uses these images to say that God has taken his good reputation, wealth, and dignity away from him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1119	19:9	hjr9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of his glory as if it were a robe that God has taken away. Alternate translation: “He has taken away my glory” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1120	19:9	rf7s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The crown refers to Job’s dignity or honor. Alternate translation: “he has taken away my dignity and honor” or “it is as though he has taken my crown off my head” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1121	19:10	qh54		Job continues to speak to his three friends.
1122	19:10	tiq1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of God ruining him as if Job were building that God is smashing down. Alternate translation: “He has ruined me in every way” or “He has attacked me in every way” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1123	19:10	r4pd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The metaphor “being gone” represents being completely destroyed. Alternate translation: “I am completely destroyed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1124	19:10	jd8w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job speaks of God causing Job not to have hope as if Job’s hope were a tree that God has pulled with its roots out of the ground. Alternate translation: “he has completely taken away all my hope” or “because of what he has done, I can no longer hope for anything good” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1125	19:10	v64y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	This simile is also an ellipsis. You may need to supply the omitted words. Alternate translation: “the way a man pulls a tree up by its roots” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1126	19:11	p3my	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of God’s wrath as if it were a fire. Alternate translation: “God has also lit a fire of anger against me” or “God has also become very angry with me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1127	19:11	p3pk		“he thinks of me as an enemy”
1128	19:12	wkz6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of God attacking him as if Job was a city and God was sending an army to attack it. Alternate translation: “God sends his army to attack me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1129	19:12	z3lb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of God attacking him as if Job was a city and God’s army was piling up dirt against the city wall in order to climb over the wall and attack the city. Alternate translation: “the soldiers pile up dirt in order to climb over my wall” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1130	19:12	fg89	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of God attacking him as if Job was in his tent and God’s army was camping around him and preparing to attack him. Alternate translation: “they camp around my tent and prepare to attack me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1131	19:13	yi2e		Job continues to speak to his three friends.
1132	19:13	zk2b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Being “far from” someone represents being unwilling to relate to him or help him. Alternate translation: “God has caused my brothers to stay away from me” or “God caused my brothers to refuse to help me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1133	19:13	iv61	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “my acquaintances have alienated themselves from me” or “my friends treat me like a stranger” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1134	19:14	m425		“My relatives have left me without help”
1135	19:14	m7pr		“my intimate friends”
1136	19:14	l2e7		“have abandoned me” or “have neglected me.” This means that they refuse to treat him according to how he and they had related to each other in the past. It implies that they abandoned him.
1137	19:15	dh34		Job continues to speak to his three friends.
1138	19:15	kz75		“consider me”
1139	19:15	y376	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job describes how people now think of him as an outsider. Here sight represents judgement or evaluation. Alternate translation: “they think of me as a foreigner” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1140	19:16	x8ak		“but he does not respond to me” or “but he does not come to me.” The answer is a response to Job’s call.
1141	19:16	hds8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The phrase “my mouth” is a metonym which refers to Job speaking. Alternate translation: “even though I speak to him and plead with him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1142	19:16	h3pa		“plead with him”
1143	19:17	zq63		Job continues to speak to his three friends.
1144	19:17	dgg7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “breath” represents the smell of his breath. If something is offensive to someone, it means that he hates it. Alternate translation: “My wife hates the smell of my breath” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1145	19:17	ufr3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Job refers to his brothers and sisters this way to imply that they are people who should love him. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “my own brothers who should love me” or “my brothers and sisters who should love me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1146	19:18	wi94		“hate me” or “detest me”
1147	19:18	fp7g		“they ridicule me” or “they make fun of me”
1148	19:19	uf7f		“All my closest friends” or “All of my friends with whom I shared my secrets.” This refers to his closest friends.
1149	19:19	c1c6		“think I am disgusting”
1150	19:19	t7hn		“have betrayed me”
1151	19:20	ca6u		Job continues to speak to his three friends.
1152	19:20	lt45		“I am just skin and bones” or “My skin sticks to my bones.” Job speaks of his bones, skin, and flesh to describe his appearance. He was extremely thin, and people could easily see the shape of his bones. Some languages have idioms for this.
1153	19:20	ud4z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This idiom means that he is barely surviving, that he almost does not survive. Alternate translation: “I am barely alive” or “I hardly survive” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1154	19:21	ux63		“Have compassion on me”
1155	19:21	tbg5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “touched me” is a metonym for “hit me.” And, “hand” represents God’s power. Causing Job to suffer is spoken of as if Yahweh were physically hitting him with his hand. Alternate translation: “because God has afflicted me” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1156	19:22	g28h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to complain about how his friends are treating him. Alternate translation: “Do not persecute me … God does!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1157	19:22	c296	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to complain about how his friends are treating him. Alternate translation: “You have consumed my flesh enough!” or “Stop consuming my flesh!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1158	19:22	y17f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of his friends speaking so cruelly to him as if they were wild beasts eating up another animal. Alternate translation: “Stop violently slandering me.” or “Stop attacking me with your words.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1159	19:23	gs1m		Job continues to speak to his three friends.
1160	19:23	r9n7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations	This exclamation tells what Job wishes for. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I wish that someone would write down my words” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1161	19:23	llm4		“what I am saying”
1162	19:23	ti7g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations	This exclamation tells what Job wishes for. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I wish that someone would write them in a book” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1163	19:24	a2et	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations	This exclamation tells what Job wishes for. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I wish that someone would use an iron pen and lead to carve them in the rock forever” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1164	19:24	gz9c		“an iron chisel.” This was a tool used for writing. It was made of iron so that people could carve words in rock.
1165	19:24	nd22		Lead is a soft metal. We do not know how people used lead when carving rock. They may have filled the letters of the inscription with lead in order to make the inscription last longer.
1166	19:25	b73i		Job continues to speak to his three friends.
1167	19:25	q57z		“My Defender.” Here “Redeemer” refers to a person who will rescue Job by proving Job’s innocence, restoring his honor, and giving him justice.
1168	19:25	yy3q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	This refers to standing to speak in court. Possible meanings are (1) the Redeemer will be the last one to speak in the court. Alternate translation: “he will judge whether or not I am guilty” or (2) the Redeemer will stand in this final court to defend Job. Alternate translation: “at last he will defend me in court” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1169	19:26	t5gt		Possible meanings are that this refers to (1) his body being destroyed by disease or (2) his body decaying after he has died.
1170	19:26	p2pl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	His flesh represents his body, and “in my flesh” represents being alive. Alternate translation: “while I live in my body, I will see God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1171	19:27	m1wt	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The synecdoche “my own eyes” represents Job. The phrases “my eyes” and “and not someone else” emphasize that Job himself will actually see God. It is not that someone else will see God and tell Job about him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1172	19:27	c3pc	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	People thought of the heart as being where the emotions are. So the heart failing represents him having very many emotions. Alternate translation: “I am very emotional about it” or “My emotions overwhelm me as I think about that” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1173	19:27	k566	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Possible meanings are that (1) Job feels very hopeful, thankful, and happy or (2) Job feels exhausted waiting to see his Redeemer. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1174	19:28	c2c8		Job continues to speak to his three friends.
1175	19:28	np8p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations	This is an exclamation. Possible meanings are (1) that they will certainly persecute Job or (2) that they will persecute him severely. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
1176	19:28	ddd3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The “root” represents the source. Alternate translation: “He is the source of all his troubles” or “He has all these troubles because of what he has done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1177	19:29	tw35	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Possible meanings are that the sword represents (1) God judging them. Alternate translation: “then be afraid that God will judge you” or (2) God killing them. Alternate translation: “then be afraid that God will kill you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1178	19:29	t8gg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract nouns “wrath” and “punishment” can be expressed with the adjective “angry” and the verb “punish.” Possible meanings are that (1) God’s anger results in punishment. Alternate translation: “because God will be angry with you and punish you” or (2) the anger of Job’s friends results in punishment. Alternate translation: “because if you are so angry with me, God will punish you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1179	19:29	yy9j		“causes” or “results in”
1180	19:29	n1i1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “judgment” can be expressed with the verb “judge.” Alternate translation: “God judges people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1181	20:intro	p78g		Job 20 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is the advice of Job’s friend, Zophar. His words in this chapter are much stronger than when he previously spoke, and he is even angry at Job. He claims that Job took advantage of the poor and is being punished for it. Special concepts in this chapter Zophar’s advice Zophar tells Job to curse Yahweh. The advice Zophar gives to Job is bad advice. He tries to convince Job that he is sinning and has been punished by Yahweh. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Metaphors There are many metaphors used in this chapter. Zophar uses them to explain the temporary nature of life and riches. He also uses them to describe God’s punishment of Job. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1182	20:1	p292		Zophar replies to Job.
1183	20:1	chh1		See how you translated this man’s name in Job 2:11. Since this is the second time that Zophar speaks, some translations omit “the Naamathite” here.
1184	20:2	eef1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The idea of Zophar’s thoughts making him do something represents his strong desire to do something. Alternate translation: “I want very much to answer you quickly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1185	20:2	wy6h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “worry” can be expressed with the adjective “worried.” The reason for the worry can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “because I am very worried about you” or “because I am very worried because of what you said” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1186	20:3	m5c5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “rebuke” can be expressed with the verb “rebuke.” Alternate translation: “I hear you rebuke me, and what you say dishonors me” or “You insult me by how you rebuke me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1187	20:3	y21q		Here “spirit” probably refers to a thought or idea. Alternate translation: “a thought from my understanding answers me”
1188	20:3	pk2s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	This “spirit” or thought is spoken of as if it were a person that could answer Zophar. Alternate translation: “I have a thought from my understanding, and now I know what I wanted to know” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1189	20:3	dt4l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The content of the answer can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “a thought from my understanding answers me about how I can reply to you” or “I have a thought from my understanding, and now I know how I can reply to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1190	20:3	dha7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract nouns “spirit” and “understanding” can be expressed with the verbs “think” and “understand.” Alternate translation: “because I understand things, I have thought, and now I know how I can reply to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1191	20:4	sb6w		Zophar continues speaking with Job.
1192	20:4	um5p		Zophar begins a rhetorical question to cause Job to think deeply about what he will now say.
1193	20:5	cr4t		Zophar finishes the rhetorical question he began in verse 4.
1194	20:5	nhc5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Zophar uses a rhetorical question to cause Job to think deeply about what he will now say. This can be translated as a statement. “Surely you know … man on earth; the triumph … for a moment.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1195	20:5	ubq8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “triumph” can be expressed with the verbs “triumph” or “celebrate.” Alternate translation: “the wicked man triumphs only a short time” or “the wicked person celebrates for only a little while” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1196	20:5	u62f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “joy” can be expressed with the verb “rejoice” or the adjective “happy.” The word “moment” is an exaggeration to emphasize that the time is very short. Alternate translation: “a godless man rejoices for only a moment” or “the godless man is happy for only a very short time” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1197	20:6	tc5t		Zophar continues speaking to Job.
1198	20:6	jjd5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	“Though the wicked person’s height reaches up to the heavens.” The abstract noun “height” can be expressed with the adjective “tall.” Alternate translation: “Though he is as tall as the heavens” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1199	20:6	v8z8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The wicked man’s height represents either his reputation or his pride. Also, here “reaches up to the heavens” represents being very great. Alternate translation: “Though his reputation is great” or “Though his pride is great” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1200	20:6	by93	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	“and though his head is as high as the clouds.” This also represents his reputation or pride being great. This means the same as the previous phrase. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1201	20:7	b9xv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Feces mixes in with the ground and disappears. The reference to feces may also imply that the wicked person is worthless. Alternate translation: “will perish permanently like his feces, which completely disappears in the ground” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1202	20:7	x122	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	If people are embarrassed about the word feces, translators may refer to something else that disappears completely. Alternate translation: “will disappear permanently like dust that the wind blows away” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1203	20:8	vvz8		Zophar continues speaking to Job.
1204	20:8	sfs4		“The wicked person will”
1205	20:8	rep3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Here “fly away” and “be chased away” represent disappearing. They may also imply being forgotten, since dreams and visions disappear when people forget them. Alternate translation: “He will disappear like a dream … he will be forgotten like a vision of the night” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1206	20:8	byk9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one will find him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1207	20:9	xu8t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The eye represents a person. Alternate translation: “Anyone who saw him” or “The people who saw him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1208	20:9	x7cu	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The phrase “his place” represents those who live in his place. Alternate translation: “the people who live in his place” or “his family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1209	20:10	g9wj		Zophar continues speaking to Job.
1210	20:10	v5ee		“The wicked person’s children”
1211	20:10	lji7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the word “hands” refers to the wicked man’s children. When he dies, his children will have to return everything that he took from others. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1212	20:11	re6y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The word “bones” represents his body. Being “full of youthful strength” represents being strong like a young person. Alternate translation: “His body is strong like a young person’s body” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1213	20:11	je7r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The word “it” refers to his youthful strength. The metonym “lie down … in the dust” represents dying. The strength dying is a metaphor for disappearing. Alternate translation: “but his youthful strength will die with him” or “but his youthful strength will disappear when he dies” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1214	20:12	tar1		Zophar continues speaking to Job.
1215	20:12	w36z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “wickedness is sweet” represents a person enjoying doing wicked things. Alternate translation: “Although doing wicked things is pleasurable like tasting sweet food in the mouth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1216	20:12	nj4p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Zophar speaks of wickedness as if it were sweet food that a person puts under his tongue so it will stay in his mouth and he can taste it for a long time. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1217	20:13	d1n2		Zophar speaks of wickedness as if it were sweet food that a person puts under his tongue so it will stay in his mouth and he can taste it for a long time. (See: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
1218	20:14	n7jw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	When food turns bitter in the stomach, it causes pain and a bitter taste. This is a metaphor for a person experiencing the painful consequences of doing wicked things. Alternate translation: “those wicked things become like food that has turned bitter in the stomach” or “the consequences of those wicked things are painful like food that becomes sour in the stomach” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1219	20:14	zrn4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This image is even worse than sour food in the stomach. This is a metaphor for a person experiencing the terrible consequences of doing wicked things. Alternate translation: “the consequences of doing those wicked things are painful like the poison of asps inside him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1220	20:14	lnj1		poisonous snakes
1221	20:15	zpd6		Zophar continues speaking to Job.
1222	20:15	hs62	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Zophar speaks of gaining and losing wealth as if it were food that a person eats and vomits. Alternate translation: “The wicked person becomes very wealthy, but he loses his wealth like a person who vomits up his food. God causes him to lose it all” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1223	20:15	r51k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Possible meanings are that “swallows down riches” represents (1) accumulating riches and storing them selfishly. Alternate translation: “The wicked man gains much wealth and keeps it all for himself” or (2) accumulating riches in wicked ways. Alternate translation: “The wicked man steals many riches” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1224	20:15	t47g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “cast them out of his stomach” is a metonym for causing the man to vomit them. This is a metaphor for causing the man to lose his riches. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1225	20:15	iu2m		throw
1226	20:16	l7yk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “suck the poison of asps” represents doing evil things. Both are very dangerous. Alternate translation: “Doing evil things is like sucking the poison of asps” or “He will do evil things and endanger his life like a person who sucks the poison of asps” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1227	20:16	dg2b		poisonous snakes
1228	20:16	m2pa	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The viper is a poisonous snake. Its tongue represents its poisonous bite. Alternate translation: “the viper’s poisonous bite will kill him” or “the viper will bite him and he will die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1229	20:16	rf6c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The viper represents the man’s wickedness. Alternate translation: “his wickedness will kill him like a viper’s bite” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1230	20:17	lz1d		Zophar continues speaking to Job.
1231	20:17	nb52	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	“Streams” and “torrents” are metaphors that represent abundance. “Honey” and “butter” are metonyms that represent the good things that God gives people. Alternate translation: “the abundance of good things that God gives his people” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1232	20:18	th8a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Normally “the fruit of his labor” simply refers to the results of his labor. In this case it refers to the things the wicked man had stolen. Alternate translation: “the things he had worked to get” or “the things he had stolen” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1233	20:18	w9e5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “to eat” the fruit of his labor represents enjoying the things he had stolen. Alternate translation: “will not be able to enjoy them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1234	20:21	e2vt	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives	This can be reworded with only one of the negatives. Alternate translation: “He devoured everything, and there is nothing left” or “There is nothing left because he devoured everything” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1235	20:21	zi35	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “devour” represents taking things for himself. Alternate translation: “There is nothing left that he did not take for himself” or “He took everything for himself, and there is nothing left” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1236	20:22	k3n2		“he will suddenly experience trouble”
1237	20:22	tq3y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” represents power, and “hand … will come against him” represents people attacking him. The abstract noun “poverty” can be expressed with the adjective “poor.” Alternate translation: “everyone who is in poverty will attack him” or “everyone who is poor will attack him” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1238	20:23	d3ga		Zophar continues speaking to Job.
1239	20:23	d4yy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “fill his stomach” is a metonym meaning eat a lot. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1240	20:23	kha9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The “fierceness of his wrath” represents God’s anger and punishment. Throwing the punishment on him represents punishing him severely. Alternate translation: “God will be angry and throw down his punishment on him” or “God will be angry and punish him severely” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1241	20:23	i6l2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	“God will cause it to rain down on him.” Here “rain it down on him” represents causing much punishment to happen to the man. Alternate translation: “God will punish him severely” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1242	20:24	x5uw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The iron weapon represents the person carrying it. Alternate translation: “will flee from the person carrying an iron weapon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1243	20:24	kj9m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The bow represents the person who shoots an arrow with it. Alternate translation: “someone with a bronze bow will shoot him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1244	20:25	x7rq		This is a large and important part of the body. If someone shoots through it with an arrow, the person who is shot will die.
1245	20:25	puf6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	He will suddenly become very afraid. Alternate translation: “he is terrified” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1246	20:26	w5yg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	“Complete darkness” here is a metaphor for destruction. Alternate translation: “Destruction is reserved for his treasures” or “His treasures will be destroyed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1247	20:26	syj5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “devour” is a metaphor meaning destroy. Alternate translation: “a fire that is not fanned will destroy him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1248	20:26	w47r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The phrase “not fanned” implies that no human will start the fire. Rather, God will cause the fire. Alternate translation: “a fire that is not started by humans will destroy him” or “God will cause a fire to destroy him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1249	20:26	qsw9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “consume” is a metaphor meaning destroy. Alternate translation: “the fire will destroy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1250	20:27	v1vg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Possible meanings are: (1) those who live in the heavens and the earth or (2) Zophar is describing the heavens and the earth as if they are humans who will testify in court against the wicked person. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1251	20:28	pfc3		This concludes Zophar’s speech to Job.
1252	20:28	u2v7		disappear
1253	20:28	r6s5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “flow away” represents being taken away from him. Alternate translation: “his goods will be taken away from him, like goods that float away in a flood, on” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1254	20:28	wi73		“his possessions”
1255	20:28	e2e8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “wrath” represents punishment. The abstract noun “wrath” can be expressed with the verb punish. Alternate translation: “the day when God punishes people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1256	20:29	d9w5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “portion from God” represents what God has decided should happen to someone. It is spoken of as if it were something that God would give him. Alternate translation: “This is what God has decided should happen to the wicked man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1257	20:29	a1s8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This represents what God has decided should happen to someone. It is spoken of as if it were something that God would give him as an inheritance. Alternate translation: “what God has planned to give to him” or “what God has planned should happen to him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1258	21:intro	k6tx		Job 21 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Zophar. It is also a response to all three of his friends in general. Special concepts in this chapter Ancestor’s sin In the ancient Near East, it was common to believe that a person could be punished because of the sins of their fathers and ancestors. It was seen as the punishment of a god. While a father’s sin may have consequences for their children, Yahweh does not punish people because of their father’s sin. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical questions Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Zophar that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job’s argument. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1259	21:1	l3vp		Job begins to answer Zophar’s accusations.
1260	21:3	x7gy		“Allow me” or “Be patient with me”
1261	21:3	w3a4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony	“you can continue mocking me.” Job is using sarcasm to imply that his friends would ignore what he would say and continue to mock him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
1262	21:4	ztr6		Job continues speaking to his friends.
1263	21:4	d6w5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses questions to emphasize that he thinks it is fair for him to complain to God. Alternate translation: “I am not complaining to a person. I have the right to be impatient” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1264	21:5	lu7q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	“cover your mouth with your hand.” Possible meanings are that (1) this is a response to being astonished. Alternate translation: “cover your mouth with your hand” or (2) this is a symbol that the person will not speak. Alternate translation: “do not say anything” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
1265	21:6	f8uu		“fear causes my body to tremble” or “I shake with fear”
1266	21:7	suz1		Job continues speaking to his friends.
1267	21:7	i446	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to show that his friends are wrong to think evil men always suffer. Alternate translation: “Wicked people indeed continue to live, become old, and become wealthier.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1268	21:8	w7je	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	This two clauses mean the same thing and emphasize that this is true. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1269	21:8	n4np	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These phrases mean the same thing because “eyes” refers to sight. Wicked people get to watch their descendants grow strong and wealthy. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1270	21:9	e8z5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “houses” refers to the family members that lives in them. Alternate translation: “Their families” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1271	21:9	u9sb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	This refers to God’s punishment. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1272	21:10	v7y4		Job continues speaking to his friends.
1273	21:10	za7c		“she does not miscarry” or “her calf is born healthy and strong”
1274	21:11	f9ae	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job compares these children to lambs to emphasize that they run, play, and are happy. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1275	21:12	w5nf	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	a musical instrument with a head like a drum that can be hit and with pieces of metal around the side that sound when the instrument is shaken (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1276	21:13	elg8		Job continues speaking with his friends.
1277	21:13	s7tf		“their lifetime”
1278	21:13	bx7u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	This is a polite way of saying that they die. Alternate translation: “they die peacefully” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1279	21:14	fm9x		This refers to how God wants people to behave.
1280	21:15	k5g5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The wicked people use these questions to mock God. Alternate translation: “We do not believe that this Almighty God is worthy of our worship. He can do nothing for us.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1281	21:16	ke4m		Job continues speaking to his friends.
1282	21:16	t984	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hands” refers to their power or control. Job uses this question to challenge his friends. Alternate translation: “Look, these wicked people claim that they make themselves prosper!” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1283	21:17	d4mw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to emphasize that it seems to him that God does not punish the wicked very often. Alternate translation: “It is not often … their calamity comes upon them.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1284	21:17	c9nn	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job compares extinguishing the lamp to a person dying. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that God causes them to die suddenly” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1285	21:17	g7cl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job compares the life of the wicked to a lamp that is burning. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1286	21:17	bmg2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this second question to emphasize that it seems to him that God does not punish the wicked very often. Alternate translation: “It is not often … in his anger.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1287	21:18	lhr9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this third question to emphasize that it seems to him that God does not punish the wicked very often. Alternate translation: “It is not often … the storm carries away.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1288	21:18	a6g9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	The death of the wicked is spoken of as if they were worthless less chaff and stubble that blows away. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God takes them away like the wind blows away the chaff” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1289	21:19	sac1		Job continues speaking to his friends.
1290	21:19	gwj5		These words are added by most versions in order to make it clear that the Job is quoting his friends in the next statement.
1291	21:19	ev9v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Guilt is spoken of as something that can be stored for later use. Here “to pay” refers to punishment for sin. Alternate translation: “God keeps a record of a person’s sins, then he punishes the person’s children for his wicked deeds” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1292	21:19	iyl4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Job now begins to state his own opinion. It may be helpful to state this explicitly using an indirect quotation. “But I say that he should pay it himself, … know his guilt’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1293	21:20	j2ut	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “eyes” refers to the person. Alternate translation: “Let him see” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1294	21:20	wq4y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here the wrath of God is spoken of as if it were a drink that a person can taste, and tasting is a metonym for experiencing the drink. Job wants the wicked person to experience God’s punishment. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1295	21:21	vtu2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to show that punishing the evil man’s children is not effective. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “For the wicked man does not care what happens to his family after he has died!” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1296	21:21	rky2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	This is a polite way of saying that he dies. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1297	21:21	m58j		This refers to the length of his life.
1298	21:22	yte9		Job continues speaking to his friends.
1299	21:22	ail2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job asks this question to emphasize that God knows everything. Alternate translation: “Obviously, no one can teach anything to God since he even judges those in heaven.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1300	21:22	x9p8		Possible meanings are (1) “those who are in heaven” or (2) “powerful people.”
1301	21:23	krv3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Job contrasts this man who dies in health and peace to the man who dies in sorrow and pain in Job 21:25. You can make this explicit. Alternate translation: “If there are two men, one may die in his full strength” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1302	21:24	mli3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Both of these phrases mean that the person is very healthy. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1303	21:24	sa7q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The word for “milk” may mean “fat.” Either rendering means he is well-fed. Alternate translation: “His body if full of fat” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1304	21:24	uug7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This idiom means his body is youthful and healthy. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1305	21:25	k7cw		Job continues speaking to his friends.
1306	21:25	s5ge		Job contrasts this man to the man who dies in peace in Job 21:23.
1307	21:25	m7zq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here sorrow is spoken of as if it tasted bitter, and “soul” refers to the whole man. Alternate translation: “with anger and resentment” or “after living a sad life” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1308	21:25	xpm3		This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “has experienced only bad things”
1309	21:26	fc95	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	This is a polite way to say that they died. Alternate translation: “They both die and people bury them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1310	21:26	tyf2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Worms are associated with decay of dead bodies. Alternate translation: “the worms in the dirt eat their dead bodies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1311	21:27	veu9		Job continues speaking to his friends.
1312	21:27	jy5r		Job uses this phrase to call attention to the statement that follows. Alternate translation: “Listen”
1313	21:28	n1y2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job believes his friends will ask these question to scold him. Both questions mean the same thing. Alternate translation: “See, the house of the evil ruler is gone. The tent of the wicked man has disappeared.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1314	21:29	czd4		Job continues speaking to his friends.
1315	21:29	asa9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses these questions to rebuke his friends for not learning from people who travel. Alternate translation: “You should listen to those who have traveled to distant places.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1316	21:30	q7hn		Job finishes asking a rhetorical question that begins with the words “Do you not know” in verse 29.
1317	21:30	x25q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses these questions to rebuke his friends for not learning from people who travel. “Those who have traveled to distant places will tell you … from the day of wrath.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1318	21:30	wy2e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God keeps the wicked man from the day of calamity … God leads him away from the day of wrath” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1319	21:31	ri98		Job continues speaking to his friends.
1320	21:31	b6yh	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to contradict his friends’ belief that the wicked are always judged. Alternate translation: “No one condemns the wicked man to his face.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1321	21:31	wlf1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means no one will go directly to the wicked person and condemn him personally. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1322	21:31	wn61	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to contradict his friends’ belief that the wicked are always judged. Alternate translation: “No one repays him for the bad things that he has done.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1323	21:32	g68a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people will carry him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1324	21:33	eqt1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Job imagines that the dead person will even enjoy the dirt that is put on him. This means the wicked person will even have a good death and a nice burial after a fulfilling life. “Clods” refer to the earth that covers the grave. Alternate translation: “He will enjoy being covered with the dirt of the valley” or “He will enjoy being buried in the dirt of the valley” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1325	21:33	p9wd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Job emphasizes that a large crowd of people will be in the funeral procession of this imaginary wicked man to honor him. Alternate translation: “a huge number of people go to the grave site; some go in front of the procession and some come behind” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1326	21:34	aa8a		This concludes Job’s speech to his friends.
1327	21:34	j6yy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses a question to scold his friends. Alternate translation: “You cannot comfort me with nonsense. All of your answers are false.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1328	22:intro	m13v		Job 22 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of the advice of Job’s friend, Eliphaz. His words in this chapter are much stronger than when he previously spoke. Special concepts in this chapter Repentance Eliphaz tries to get Job to repent in this chapter. Eliphaz assumes that he is righteous, while assuming Job is not. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical questions Eliphaz uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to build Eliphaz’s argument. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1329	22:1	cea8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	See how you translated this man’s name in Job 2:11. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1330	22:2	r9kd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Both questions mean basically the same thing. Eliphaz uses questions to emphasize that a person’s actions and wisdom do not benefit God. Alternate translation: “A man cannot be useful to God. A wise man cannot be useful to him.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1331	22:3	h3pe	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Both of these statements mean the same thing. Eliphaz uses questions to emphasize that Job’s actions do not help God. Alternate translation: “The Almighty does not receive any pleasure if you are righteous. He does not gain anything if you make your ways blameless.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1332	22:4	g1nn		Eliphaz continues speaking to Job.
1333	22:4	s9qh	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Eliphaz uses questions to scold Job and accuse him of committing terrible sins. Alternate translation: “It is certainly not because you have been devoted to him that God rebukes you and takes you to judgment!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1334	22:5	zd3w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Eliphaz uses questions to scold Job and accuse him of committing terrible sins. Alternate translation: “As you know, he judges you because your wickedness is great and you keep on sinning!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1335	22:6	z1dn		Eliphaz continues speaking to Job.
1336	22:6	hip2		This refers to a lender taking something from the borrower to ensure that the borrower pays him back.
1337	22:6	qq5g		Eliphaz is accusing Job of taking clothes as security from poor people who borrowed from him.
1338	22:7	q9nb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “bread” refers to food in general. Alternate translation: “withheld food” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1339	22:8	dj3n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Eliphaz is accusing Job of taking land from poor people and not allowing them to live on it. He is emphasizing this point by restating it twice. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1340	22:8	gry9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	Eliphaz is exaggerating the amount of land that Job owned in order to portray Job as greedy. Alternate translation: “possessed a great amount of land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1341	22:9	ti2j		Eliphaz continues speaking to Job.
1342	22:9	u5gg		“You made widows go away with nothing”
1343	22:9	kyr7		women whose husbands have died
1344	22:9	pdd7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “arms” refer to power. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you even oppressed orphans” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1345	22:10	wdg6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	These are metaphors for trouble and danger. Alternate translation: “you are always in danger … you become afraid for no reason” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1346	22:11	kz5f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Each of these metaphors means troubles and dangers are all around Job because of his sin. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1347	22:11	a6pa		“a flood”
1348	22:12	n1zi		Eliphaz continues speaking to Job.
1349	22:12	st8p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Eliphaz uses this question to say that God sees Job’s sin and will judge him. Alternate translation: “God is in the heights of heaven and sees everything that happens on earth.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1350	22:12	rtk3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Eliphaz implies that God is higher than the stars. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Look at how high the stars are. God is even higher than the stars!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1351	22:13	y6zh	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Eliphaz uses these questions to imply that Job has said these things against God. Alternate translation: “God does not know what happens on earth. He sits in dark clouds and cannot see to judge us.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1352	22:14	x5ap	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Here “vault” refers to the barrier that ancient people believed separated the earth from heaven. Alternate translation: “he lives too far away in heaven to see what happens here” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1353	22:15	cvp4		Eliphaz continues speaking to Job.
1354	22:16	iid8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Dying is compared to God snatching them away. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “those who died” or “those whom God took away” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1355	22:16	lc5k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	The death of wicked people is compared to buildings that had their foundations washed away by a flood. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1356	22:17	q2mt	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Eliphaz quotes a question wicked people use to mock God. Alternate translation: “The Almighty cannot do anything to us!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1357	22:18	nr68		Eliphaz continues speaking to Job.
1358	22:18	jh2r		“Yet God filled”
1359	22:18	l57x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The idiom “far from me” means Eliphaz rejects them. Alternate translation: “but I will not listen to their wicked plans” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1360	22:19	ku9s		“know what will happen to the wicked”
1361	22:19	q2jl		“mock the wicked people”
1362	22:20	j4fq		“The righteous say”
1363	22:20	jwg8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	Here “those who rose up” refers to the wicked people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Surely God has destroyed the wicked people who harmed us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1364	22:21	z6jk		Eliphaz continues speaking to Job.
1365	22:21	aj2c		Eliphaz uses this word to introduce something important he is about to say.
1366	22:22	ll7g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “from his mouth” represents what God has spoken. Alternate translation: “the instruction that God has spoken” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1367	22:22	dp7d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	God’s words are compared to treasures that Job could keep in a storeroom. Alternate translation: “treasure his commands” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1368	22:22	y867	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “heart” refers to Job’s thoughts. Alternate translation: “your mind” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1369	22:23	x1jk		Eliphaz continues speaking to Job.
1370	22:23	mz1i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Eliphaz compares Job’s restoration to the rebuilding of a house that has fallen. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he will heal you and make you prosper again” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1371	22:23	kbt1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Unrighteousness is pictured as a person who is living in Job’s tent who must be removed. Alternate translation: “if you and everyone in your house stops sinning” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1372	22:24	u6qk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	To lay a treasure in the dust is to treat it as unimportant. Alternate translation: “Consider your riches as unimportant as dust” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1373	22:24	m1gk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	To put gold in the stream is to treat it as no more valuable than stones. Alternate translation: “the gold of Ophir is as worthless as stones in a stream” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1374	22:24	g8dq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a region famous for its gold. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1375	22:25	wg73	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This means God will be more valuable to Job than any treasure. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1376	22:26	wd8v		Eliphaz continues speaking to Job.
1377	22:26	l352	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means Job will no longer be ashamed but will trust in God. Alternate translation: “you will be able to approach God confidently” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1378	22:28	ldp9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will cause you to succeed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1379	22:28	k1nu	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	God’s blessing is compared to a light on all of Job’s paths. Alternate translation: “it will be like a light shining on the road in front of you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1380	22:29	yck5		This concludes Eliphaz’s speech to Job.
1381	22:29	xgw4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here “lowered eyes” refers to humility. Alternate translation: “the humble person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1382	22:30	f84n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job being innocent is spoken of as if his hands were physically clean. The phrase “who will be rescued” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will rescue even the person who is not innocent because you do what is right” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1383	22:30	wrz4		Some versions of the Bible read, “He rescues the innocent person; so he will rescue you when your hands are clean”
1384	23:intro	fb42		Job 23 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Eliphaz. Special concepts in this chapter Court This chapter uses an extended metaphor of a court case to describe Job’s “case,” which he seeks to bring to Yahweh, who is a judge. Cultures without a legal system will have difficulty translating this chapter. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1385	23:2	fi9s		Here “Even today” emphasizes that his friends arguments have not changed Job’s situation at all. Alternate translation: “In spite of what you have said, my complaint is still bitter”
1386	23:2	ke1p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Job speaks of his unanswered complaint against God as if it was a bitter taste in his mouth. Alternate translation: “my unanswered complaint is as bad as bitter food in my mouth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1387	23:2	cm2j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Possible meanings are (1) “I can barely lift my hand because of my groaning” or (2) “God’s hand continues to make me suffer in spite of my groaning” where “hand” refers to God’s power to punish. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1388	23:3	k3e2		Job continues speaking.
1389	23:3	pn2b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two lines mean the same thing and emphasize Job’s desire to meet with God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1390	23:3	rpr9		“I might find God”
1391	23:4	u14t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two lines mean the same thing and emphasize Job’s desire to explain his situation to God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1392	23:4	vtm3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “fill my mouth” refers to speaking. Alternate translation: “I would speak all of my arguments” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1393	23:5	jln8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two lines mean basically the same thing and emphasize Job’s desire to hear God’s answer. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1394	23:5	s5td		“the answer that he would give me”
1395	23:6	p72s		Job continues speaking.
1396	23:6	tw6n		“Would God”
1397	23:7	lx63		This refers to the place where God is.
1398	23:7	aw1l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “my judge would acquit me forever” or “God, who is my judge, would say that I am innocent once and for all” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1399	23:8	tfb8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism	Job continues speaking. He begins using a merism to say that he has looked everywhere. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
1400	23:9	ja9l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism	This is the end of the merism that begins with the words “eastward … westward” in verse 8. By mentioning these four directions, Job emphasizes that he has looked everywhere. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
1401	23:9	br9j		Job speaks of God as if he is a person who hides.
1402	23:10	x7cb		Job continues speaking.
1403	23:10	lq4v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job’s actions are spoken of as if he is walking on a path. Alternate translation: “God knows what I do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1404	23:10	v4c5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job believes that the test will prove that he is as pure as refined gold. Alternate translation: “he will see that I am as pure as gold when anything not pure has been burned away” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1405	23:11	w13v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “My foot” refers to Job. Alternate translation: “I have followed the path he has shown me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1406	23:11	xw5w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job’s obedience is spoken of as if he is walking in a path that God showed him. Alternate translation: “I have done what he told me to do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1407	23:11	gk1e		This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “followed it exactly”
1408	23:12	fg26		This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “I have always obeyed”
1409	23:12	m22y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	This phrase refers to the message that God spoke. Alternate translation: “that he spoke” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1410	23:12	tcz4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here God is represented by his “mouth.” Alternate translation: “what he said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1411	23:13	xe4e		Job continues speaking.
1412	23:13	l1d5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to emphasize that there is no one like God and no one can force him to change. Alternate translation: “But there is no one like him, and nobody can make him change his mind.” or “But he alone is God, and no one can influence him.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1413	23:13	if99		“He does whatever he wants to do”
1414	23:14	g641		“he is doing to me what he said he would do”
1415	23:14	i8u2		“he has many similar plans for me”
1416	23:15	n27i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Each of these verses has the form of a parallelism to emphasize the main point Job makes there. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1417	23:15	sw44		Job continues speaking.
1418	23:16	p6ma	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two lines mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Job is very afraid of God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1419	23:16	d4fw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	A person whose heart is weak is a person who is timid or fearful. Alternate translation: “made me afraid” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1420	23:17	dng4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are (1) “The thick darkness in front of me has not made me silent” or (2) “Darkness has not stopped me” or “God has stopped me, not the darkness.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1421	23:17	qpa8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here Job refers to himself by his “face.” Alternate translation: “my sadness” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1422	24:intro	e2gb		Job 24 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Eliphaz. It is a continuation of the previous chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Court This chapter uses an extended metaphor of a court case to describe Job’s “case,” which he seeks to bring to Yahweh, who is a judge. Cultures without a legal system will have difficulty translating this chapter. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical questions Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Eliphaz that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job’s argument. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1423	24:1	mg7h		Job continues speaking.
1424	24:1	thc8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to express his frustration that God has not judged evil. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I do not understand why God does not set a time when he will judge wicked people.” or “The Almighty should set a time when he will judge wicked people.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1425	24:1	ej3y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to express his frustration that the righteous have not seen God judge evil. Alternate translation: “It seems that those who obey him never get to see him judge the wicked.” or “God should show the day he will judge the wicked to those who know him.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1426	24:2	h88w		Job continues speaking.
1427	24:2	pse5		These are stones or other objects to mark the boundary between the lands owned by different people.
1428	24:2	mn98		land with grass for animals to eat
1429	24:3	fml5		“They steal”
1430	24:3	y9i2		“orphans” or “children whose parents have died”
1431	24:3	m884		“they take widows’ oxen to guarantee that the widows will pay back the money that they loaned to those widows”
1432	24:3	e6wc		a woman whose husband has died
1433	24:3	uu5w		A lender would take something from a borrower to ensure that the borrower pays him back.
1434	24:4	lzi7		“out of their way” or “off the road”
1435	24:4	r5d2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	The word “all” is an exaggeration to show that many poor people are afraid of these wicked people. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1436	24:5	d79k		Job continues speaking.
1437	24:5	m813	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	These poor people are spoken of as if they are wild donkeys who do not know where they will find food. Alternate translation: “these poor people go out to search for food as if they were wild donkeys in the wilderness” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1438	24:5	yaj6		“donkeys that no one owns or cares for”
1439	24:6	j8dx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two lines describe the same thing and are used together to emphasize that these people are so hungry that they are forced to steal food at night. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1440	24:7	u7w8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two lines describe the same thing and are used together to emphasize that these people do not have enough clothing to keep warm. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1441	24:8	a2gx		Job continues speaking.
1442	24:8	j5eb		“They become wet when it rains in the mountains”
1443	24:9	t1ki	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “breast” refers to the mother. This implies that these orphans are still very young. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “young orphans out of their mothers’ arms” or “fatherless infants from their mothers” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1444	24:9	ahj1		This generally refers to children without parents. Here, however, it is used for children who have mothers but do not have fathers.
1445	24:9	ma3c		“take poor people’s children to guarantee that the poor people will pay back money that they borrowed from the wicked people”
1446	24:9	yq41		A lender would take something from a borrower to ensure that the borrower pays him back. See how you translated this in Job 24:3.
1447	24:10	u922		“walk around”
1448	24:10	eps1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	The words “without clothing” mean the same thing as “naked.” Alternate translation: “completely naked” or “naked because they have no clothing” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1449	24:10	qj7x		This means their work will provide food for others but not for themselves.
1450	24:11	fp3g		Job continues speaking.
1451	24:11	rks1		they squeezed olives in order to extract olive oil from them
1452	24:11	mr4m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “walls” refers to the whole house. Alternate translation: “in the houses of those evil men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1453	24:11	z8b4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It may be helpful to state that they do this to produce juice to make wine. Alternate translation: “they tread on grapes to make juice for wine” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1454	24:11	a1m7		“they suffer from thirst” or “they are thirsty”
1455	24:13	m581		Job continues speaking.
1456	24:13	dl4e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Possible meanings of “light” are (1) visible light or (2) spiritual light, which refers to God or living righteously. Alternate translation: “hate the daylight” or “do not want to do things openly” or “rebel against God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1457	24:13	djk4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	These two lines describe the same thing, and are used together to emphasize that they do not want to follow the ways of the light. Alternate translation: “they do not know how to live a moral life; they stay far away from living a righteous life” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1458	24:14	u116	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	The words “poor” and “needy” refer to the same group of people and emphasize that these are people who are unable to help themselves. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1459	24:14	d2ft	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	The murderer kills in secret just like a thief steals without anyone seeing what he does. Alternate translation: “he kills people secretly, just like a thief steals secretly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1460	24:15	jp3l		Job continues speaking.
1461	24:15	mza9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “eye” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “the adulterer” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1462	24:15	ymp3		“for the sunset”
1463	24:15	ewy1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “eye” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “No one will see me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1464	24:16	c35g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	They dig into the houses in order to steal from them. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “wicked people dig into houses to steal from them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1465	24:16	k9sq		“they hide inside”
1466	24:17	g55x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	The thick darkness is as comfortable for the wicked as light of the morning is for normal people. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1467	24:17	y5ib		“the scary things that happen at night”
1468	24:18	ay3v		Job continues speaking.
1469	24:18	f772	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Foam lasts only a short time. This emphasizes how quickly God will cause the wicked to disappear. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1470	24:18	lat6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God curses the part of the land that they own” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1471	24:19	b8g4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job says that sinners will disappear in Sheol in the same way as snow melts and disappears when it becomes warm. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1472	24:19	u6db	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys	These two words describe essentially the same weather and are used together to describe it fully. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
1473	24:20	hnl6		Job continues speaking.
1474	24:20	dg9v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	This refers to the mother. Alternate translation: “The mother” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1475	24:20	ja3y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means that he will die and worms will eat his body. Alternate translation: “the worm will enjoy eating his dead body” or “he will die and then his body will be eaten by worms” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1476	24:20	auf1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one will remember him anymore” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1477	24:20	k6gl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	God’s destruction of the wicked man is describes as if he were cutting down a tree. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will destroy the wicked as if he were a tree” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1478	24:21	ys4w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This metaphor emphasizes how ruthless the wicked man is. Alternate translation: “Just like a wild animal kills its prey, so the wicked person harms” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1479	24:21	m9u5		The people of that day considered that a woman who was barren was cursed by God. Therefore, this represents the most unfortunate women.
1480	24:21	i5m9		a woman whose husband has died
1481	24:22	xl8g		Job continues speaking.
1482	24:22	ps1m		“by using his power” or “because he is powerful”
1483	24:22	x59s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here “does not strengthen them in life” means God does not keep them alive. Alternate translation: “God rises up and does not give wicked people the strength to live” or “God rises up and causes them to die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1484	24:23	qks3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “eyes” refers to God. Alternate translation: “but he is always watching what they do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1485	24:24	yq9p		This concludes Job’s speech.
1486	24:24	b7v1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will bring them low” or “God will destroy them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1487	24:24	j5za	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants	Some translations are based on a different early text, which says “they wither and fade like weeds.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])
1488	24:24	ix1v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. What “the others” refers to can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “God will gather them up as he gathered up the other wicked people” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1489	24:24	mqt2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	These wicked people will be cut off in the same way heads of grain are cut off during harvest. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will cut them off like a farmer cuts off the top of a stalk of grain” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1490	24:25	cfk7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to express the certainty of his argument. The implicit answer is: “no one.” Alternate translation: “This is true, and no one can prove that I am a liar; no one can prove me wrong.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1491	24:25	iy58		“prove what I say is wrong”
1492	25:intro	yz1x		Job 25 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of the advice of Job’s friend, Bildad. His words in this chapter are much stronger than when he previously spoke. Special concepts in this chapter God’s holiness and man’s sin Bildad describes the holiness of Yahweh and the universal nature of man’s sinfulness. While his points are accurate, they are not convincing for Job because he has been righteous. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical questions Bildad uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to build Bildad’s argument. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1493	25:1	vb52		See how you translated this man’s name in Job 2:11.
1494	25:2	cz5c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	Here “him” refers to God. The abstract nouns “dominion” and “fear” can be stated as verbs. Alternate translation: “God rules over all and people should fear only him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1495	25:2	t8t1		“he makes peace in the high heaven”
1496	25:3	agz7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Bildad uses this question to emphasize how great God is. The implicit answer is “no.” This refers to the armies of God’s angels. Alternate translation: “There is no end to the number of angels in his army.” or “His armies are so big that no one can count them.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1497	25:3	tb5c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Bildad uses this question to emphasize that God gives light to every person. Alternate translation: “There is no one upon whom his light does not shine.” or “God makes his light shine over everyone.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1498	25:4	gq9p		Bildad continues speaking.
1499	25:4	w2pf	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two questions are used together to emphasize that it is impossible for a man to be good enough before God. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1500	25:4	v4y8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The implicit reaction is that he cannot. Alternate translation: “A man can never be righteous before God.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1501	25:4	z1j1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The implicit reaction is that he cannot. Alternate translation: “He who is born of a woman cannot be clean or acceptable to him.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1502	25:4	kx6l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This idiom includes everyone. Alternate translation: “any person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1503	25:5	f8pe		The word “See” here adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: “Indeed”
1504	25:5	un12	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “brightness” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “the moon is not bright enough for God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1505	25:5	kt4v		Here “pure” means “perfect.” Alternate translation: “he does not think even the stars are perfect”
1506	25:6	c7kh	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two lines say the same thing and are used together to emphasize that man is not perfect. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1507	25:6	h6x7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Bildad states that human beings are as worthless as worms. Alternate translation: “who is as worthless as a worm” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1508	25:6	l7b7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	This is another way of referring to a person. Alternate translation: “a person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1509	26:intro	f665		Job 26 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Bildad. This chapter begins a section continuing through chapter 31. Special concepts in this chapter Yahweh’s power While Bildad describes Yahweh’s power as being so much greater than Job’s, Job understands the true extent of Yahweh’s power. It is not just over Job’s life, but over all of creation. Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Sarcasm Job uses sarcasm in this chapter. This is the use of irony to insult Bildad. (See: Job 1-4 and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
1510	26:2	lud4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony	In these statements, Job is accusing Bildad. The word “one” refers to Job. And, the word “arm” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “I am powerless and have no strength, but you act like you have helped me; but really, you have not helped me at all” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-irony]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1511	26:3	s1r5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony	Job is saying that Bildad has not provided him with good advice and knowledge. Alternate translation: “You act like I have no wisdom and that you have advised me, that you have given me good advice” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
1512	26:3	y2kk		“given him good advice”
1513	26:4	n9vj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	In these questions Job continues to mock Bildad. They are both rhetorical questions and have basically the same meaning. They are used together to strengthen each other. Alternate translation: “You must have had help speaking these words. Perhaps some spirit helped you speak them!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1514	26:5	c81a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	This refers to dead people. Alternate translation: “Those who are dead” or “The spirits of the dead” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1515	26:5	xqx7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	They tremble because they are afraid of God. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “tremble in fear” or “tremble in fear of God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1516	26:5	hs8h		This refers to the dead people who tremble.
1517	26:5	th6n		This refers to the dead people who dwell in the waters.
1518	26:6	c8rl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Sheol is spoken of as if it were a person. These two phrases have the same meaning. To be “naked” or have “no covering” is to be completely exposed and not able to hide anything. Alternate translation: “It is like sheol is naked before God, for nothing in sheol, the place of destruction, is hidden from God” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1519	26:6	v85x		This is another name for sheol. Alternate translation: “the place of destruction”
1520	26:7	ts32	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The northern skies represent heaven, the place where God dwells with the beings he created to dwell there. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1521	26:8	q4f6		The clouds are compared to a large blanket in which God wraps the rainwater. Alternate translation: “He wraps up the water in his thick clouds”
1522	26:8	sxg4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated actively. The word “them” refers to the waters. Alternate translation: “but the weight of the waters does not tear the clouds” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1523	26:9	r35v		This phrase tells how he covers the surface of the moon. Alternate translation: “by spreading his clouds in front of it”
1524	26:10	l8k5		This speaks of the horizon, where the earth appears to meet the sky, as if God has marked a boundary on the ocean.
1525	26:11	n3vz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	People thought of heaven or the sky as resting on pillars. Job speaks as though the pillars are humans that shake in fear when God is angry. Alternate translation: “The pillars that hold up heaven shake in fear when God rebukes them” or “The pillars that hold up the sky shake like people who are afraid when God rebukes them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1526	26:12	f7hn		“he destroyed Rahab”
1527	26:12	x7ti	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a frightening monster that lived in the sea. See how you translated this in Job 9:13. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1528	26:13	c72v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The noun “breath” can be translated with the verb “breathe” or “blow.” This image represents God causing the wind to blow away the clouds. Alternate translation: “God blew away the clouds so that the skies were clear” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1529	26:13	r5le	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It is implied that God his holding a sword, and here “his hand” represents that sword. Also, “pierced” represents killing. Alternate translation: “With his sword he pierced the fleeing serpent” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1530	26:13	c2jc		“the serpent as it was trying to escape from him.” This refers to Rahab, the monster in the sea. See Job 26:12.
1531	26:14	qb3u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “fringes” represents a small part that we can see of something that is much bigger. Alternate translation: “See, these things that God has done show only a small part of his great power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1532	26:14	k819	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations	This is an exclamation that expresses Job’s amazement of all the great things that God does that we do not even know about. Seeing what God does is spoken of as hearing God’s voice. Alternate translation: “it is as if we heard only his quiet whisper!” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1533	26:14	b468	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The “thunder of his power” represents God’s greatness. Job uses this question to emphasize that God’s power is so great that no one can understand it. Alternate translation: “The thunder displays the greatness of his power which no one can understand!” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1534	27:intro	mkb5		Job 27 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job’s response to Bildad. Special concepts in this chapter Job’s righteousness Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse God. Instead, he recognizes Yahweh’s authority. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])
1535	27:2	vm9g		This phrase shows that Job is taking an oath. Job compares the certainty that God is alive to the certainty of what he is saying. This is a way of making a solemn promise. Alternate translation: “I swear by God”
1536	27:2	zm2r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Justice is spoken of as if it were an object that could be taken away or given. Taking it away represents refusing to treat Job with justice. Alternate translation: “has refused to treat me justly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1537	27:2	tp23	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Job’s “life” being bitter represents Job feeling resentful toward God. Alternate translation: “has caused me to become resentful” or “has made me feel angry because of the unfair way he has treated me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1538	27:3	m4bm		This refers to the duration of the rest of his life. Alternate translation: “during the whole time that my life is yet in me” or “as long as my life is yet in me”
1539	27:3	ny28	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “life” can be expressed with the adjective “alive” or the verb “live.” Alternate translation: “as long as I am still alive” or “while I still live” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1540	27:3	xg5k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	“Breath … in my nostrils” represents being able to breathe. “Breath from God” represents God making him able to breathe. Alternate translation: “God enables me to breathe” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1541	27:3	krx8		“nose”
1542	27:4	xct5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two phrases have basically the same meaning and are used together to emphasize that he will not speak in such ways. The phrases “My lips” and “my tongue” represent Job himself. Alternate translation: “I will not speak wickedness or deceit” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1543	27:4	vg54	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract nouns “wickedness” and “deceit” can be expressed with “wickedly” and “deceitfully.” Alternate translation: “speak wickedly … speak deceitfully” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1544	27:5	tp64		“I will never agree with you and say that you three are right”
1545	27:5	n6mb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	The word “you” here is plural. It refers to Job’s friends. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1546	27:5	uy2n		“I will never say that I am not innocent” or “I will always say that I am innocent”
1547	27:6	rv4l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “hold fast” is a metaphor that represents being determined to continue to say something. The abstract noun “righteousness” can be expressed with “righteous.” Alternate translation: “I am determined to continue saying that I am righteous” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1548	27:6	ccm5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “will not let it go” is a metaphor that represents not stopping saying something. Alternate translation: “will not stop saying that I am righteous” or “will not stop saying so” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1549	27:6	ttu9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the phrase “my thoughts” represents Job. Alternate translation: “even in my thoughts, I will not reproach myself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1550	27:7	x6mp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The two clauses that start with these words share the same meaning. They are used together to emphasize Job’s strong desire that this should happen. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1551	27:7	qkh5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	How he wants his enemy to be like a wicked person can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Let my enemy be punished like a wicked man” or “Let God punish my enemy as he punishes wicked people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1552	27:7	yjq8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	How he wants this person to be like an unrighteous man can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “let him who rises up against me be punished like an unrighteous man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1553	27:7	cin4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “rises up against me” is a metaphor meaning “opposes me.” The whole phrase refers to Job’s adversary. Alternate translation: “him who opposes me” or “my adversary” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1554	27:8	m193	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to say that such a man has no hope. This question can be translated as a simple statement. Alternate translation: “There is no hope for the godless when God … takes away his soul.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1555	27:8	ucr8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two phrases have the same meaning. Alternate translation: “when God cuts him off and takes away his life” or “when God causes him to die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1556	27:8	d94d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This is a metaphor meaning “kills him” or “causes him to die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1557	27:8	twt1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This is a metaphor meaning “kills him” or “makes him stop living” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1558	27:9	jh1p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to say that God will not help that person. This question can be translated as a simple statement. Alternate translation: “God will not hear his cry when trouble comes upon him.” or “When trouble comes upon him and he cries out for help, God will not hear him.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1559	27:9	a8tx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hear his cry” represents responding to the godless man’s cry and helping him. Alternate translation: “Will God respond to his cry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1560	27:10	kq3b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to say that the godless man will not do these things. This question can be translated as a simple statement. Alternate translation: “He will not delight himself in the Almighty and call upon God at all times.” or “He will not be happy about what the Almighty does and he will not pray to God often.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1561	27:11	s3uq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	Each occurrence of “you” in these verses is plural and refers to Job’s three friends. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1562	27:11	fyx9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	God’s “hand” represents his power. Alternate translation: “the power of God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1563	27:11	re4m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “thoughts” can be expressed with the verb “think.” Alternate translation: I will not hide from you what the Almighty thinks” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1564	27:12	pnx9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to rebuke his friends for saying such foolish things. This question can be translated as a simple statement. Alternate translation: “you should not have spoken so foolishly!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1565	27:13	g6qh		“This is what God has planned for the wicked man”
1566	27:13	djh6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “the heritage of the oppressor” is a metaphor representing what will happen to the oppressor. What God will do to him is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that God will give him. Alternate translation: “what the Almighty will do to the oppressor” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1567	27:14	f7mj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “the sword” represents dying in battle. Alternate translation: “they will die in battle” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1568	27:15	mbb8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This refers to the wicked man’s children. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Those who continue to live after their wicked father dies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1569	27:15	dic8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “be buried” represents dying. Alternate translation: “will die by plague” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1570	27:15	p4u3		The words “their” and “them” refer to “Those who survive him,” that is, the children of the wicked man.
1571	27:16	nm9m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Here “heaps up” is a metonym meaning “gathers much.” Job speaks as if the silver were as easy to get as dust. Alternate translation: “gathers large piles of silver” or “gathers silver as easily as he could gather dust” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1572	27:16	bh15	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Here “heaps up” is a metonym meaning “gathers much.” Job speaks as if the clothing were as easy to get as clay. Alternate translation: “gathers large piles of clothing” or “gathers clothing as easily as he could gather clay” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1573	27:18	l6yf	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	After “spider,” the phrase “builds its web” is understood information. It can be made clear. Alternate translation: “He builds his house as a spider builds its web” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1574	27:18	q8ia	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	A spider web is fragile and easily destroyed. Alternate translation: “He builds his house as fragile as a spider builds its web” or “He builds his house as fragile as a spider’s web” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1575	27:18	inb4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	A hut is a temporary house that is also not very strong. Alternate translation: “like a temporary hut” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1576	27:19	la2p		“He is wealthy when he lies down in bed.” This refers to his lying down in bed at night and sleeping.
1577	27:19	i6ex		“but he will not keep lying down in bed rich” or “but he will not continue to be wealthy when he lies down in bed”
1578	27:19	b9sa	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Opening his eyes represents waking up in the morning. Alternate translation: “he wakes up” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1579	27:19	x5lq		“all of his riches are gone” or “everything has vanished”
1580	27:20	ul69		Here “overtake him” represents suddenly happening to him. Possible meanings are that “terrors” is a metonym for (1) things that cause people to be afraid. Alternate translation: “Terrifying things suddenly happen to him” or (2) fear. Alternate translation: “He suddenly becomes terrified”
1581	27:20	zw56	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	The word “waters” refers to a flood. Floods can happen very suddenly when people do not expect them, and they are dangerous and frightening. Alternate translation: “like a flood” or “like waters that rise up suddenly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1582	27:20	l3kn		“a violent wind blows him away”
1583	27:21	l4at	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Job speaks of the wind blowing the wicked man out of his house as if the wind were a person sweeping dust out of a house with a broom. Alternate translation: “the wind sweeps him out of his place like a woman who sweeps dirt out of a house” or “the wind easily blows him out of his place” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1584	27:21	i9ce		“his home”
1585	27:22	wmn4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	In verses 22-23 Job speaks of the wind as if it were a person attacking the wicked person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1586	27:22	xs2l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Here the phrase “throws itself at him” represents the wind blowing strong against him like an attacker. Alternate translation: “It blows strong against him like someone attacking him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1587	27:22	fa8c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Here “hand” represents the power or control that the wind has over the wicked man. Alternate translation: “he tries to flee out of its control” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1588	27:23	kvs2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	Clapping the hands is a way of mocking someone. Here it represents the wind making loud noises. Alternate translation: “It makes loud noises like someone clapping his hands to mock him” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1589	27:23	r28v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	The wind makes a noise as it blows him out of his place, and the noise is like the hissing sound that people make to mock someone. Alternate translation: “it makes a hissing noise as it causes him to leave his home” or “it blows him out of his place and makes a hissing noise like someone who hisses at him to mock him” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1590	28:intro	i55c		Job 28 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job’s response to Bildad. Special concepts in this chapter Yahweh’s wisdom Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse God. Instead, he recognizes Yahweh’s wisdom and authority. This chapter especially focuses on Yahweh’s wisdom as he controls the circumstances of Job’s life. Men cannot understand because they do not have Yahweh’s wisdom. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]])
1591	28:1	fb4g		This is a place where people dig rocks out of the earth. These rocks have metal in them.
1592	28:1	zr9q		This is the process of heating a metal to remove all of the impurities that are in it.
1593	28:2	a9j8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People take iron out of the earth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1594	28:2	b12i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people smelt copper out of the stone” or “people heat stone to melt copper out of it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1595	28:2	rb24		an important red-brown colored metal
1596	28:2	uui9		This is a process of heating rocks to melt the metal in them in order to get the metal out of the rocks.
1597	28:3	fm47	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “sets an end to darkness” represents shining a light in the darkness. People used a lantern or a torch for light. Alternate translation: “A man carries light into dark places” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1598	28:3	l74r		“to the farthest parts of the mine”
1599	28:3	sce6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	These two phrases are used together to emphasize that the mine is extremely dark. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1600	28:4	kp1m		a deep narrow hole dug into the ground or rock. People go down into the hole to mine it.
1601	28:4	hz3j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	The foot is spoken of as if it is a person who can remember. Alternate translation: “places where people no longer walk” or “where no one ever walks” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1602	28:4	yed2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	How and where he hangs can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Far away from people, he hangs from a rope in the shaft” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1603	28:5	r3d3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “bread” represents food in general. Food coming out of the ground is a metaphor for food growing out of the ground. Alternate translation: “the earth, where food grows” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1604	28:5	p8vk		Possible meanings are that (1) people made fires under the ground to break apart the rock. Alternate translation: “it is broken up below by the fires that the miners make” or (2) “turned” is a metaphor for changed. Alternate translation: “it is broken up below so much that it appears that it was destroyed by fire”
1605	28:5	mha5		The word “it” refers to the earth.
1606	28:6	c4dw		The word “its” refers to the earth.
1607	28:6	lw93		a rare and valuable blue gemstone
1608	28:7	c71r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These clauses express a similar meaning. Alternate translation: “No bird of prey or falcon knows or has ever seen the path that goes to the mine” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1609	28:7	u8np		a bird that eats other animals
1610	28:7	ft9l		This may also be translated “hawk.” Both are birds that hunt and eat other animals. You may translate this with a similar bird from your culture.
1611	28:8	ad94	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These clauses also express similar meaning. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1612	28:8	zce2		This refers to very strong, wild animals.
1613	28:9	nh4p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	This represents breaking up the rock. Alternate translation: “digs into the flinty rock” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1614	28:9	d3ss		“hard rock”
1615	28:9	ng34	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	Digging up the mountains and the ground underneath them is a metaphor from digging out weeds or trees, an exaggeration that represents digging minerals out of the ground. Alternate translation: “he turns the mountains upside down by pulling out their roots” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1616	28:10	h31b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “his eye” represents him. Alternate translation: “he sees” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1617	28:11	ar22	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “ties up the streams” means damming or blocking the streams. Alternate translation: “He blocks the streams so they do not flow” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1618	28:11	c3wt		This refers to things that people normally do not see because they are in the ground or underwater.
1619	28:12	n9fd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	In 28:12-28, wisdom and understanding are spoken of as if they were precious objects that are in some place and people want to find them. Finding wisdom and understanding represents becoming wise and learning to understand things well. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1620	28:12	k2hz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These questions mean the same thing and are used to show that it is very difficult to find wisdom and understanding. Alternate translation: “It is very difficult to find wisdom and understanding.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1621	28:12	bcr2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Becoming wise and understanding is spoken of as finding wisdom and understanding. Alternate translation: “How do people become wise? How do people learn to understand things well” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1622	28:13	drv1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Possible meanings are (1) wisdom is spoken of as if it were something that people can buy. Alternate translation: “People do not know what it is worth” or (2) the word translated as “price” means “place.” Alternate translation: “People do not know where it is” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1623	28:13	z9ip	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	“and it is not found in the land of the living.” The “land of the living” refers to this world where people live. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “and no one can find wisdom in this world” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1624	28:14	xi4c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	The deep waters and the sea are presented as if they are people that can speak. Alternate translation: “Wisdom is not in the deep waters under the earth, nor is it in the sea” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1625	28:15	h4ty	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This can be stated in active form. This implies that wisdom is worth much more than gold. Alternate translation: “People cannot pay for wisdom with gold” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1626	28:15	nff6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This implies that wisdom is worth much more than silver. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “and people cannot weigh out enough silver to pay for wisdom” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1627	28:16	hg4i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This implies that wisdom is much more valuable than the gold of Ophir, precious onyx and sapphire. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1628	28:16	t2r7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a land where there was fine gold. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1629	28:16	ui38		a valuable black gemstone
1630	28:16	na32		a valuable blue gemstone
1631	28:17	qp37		This implies that wisdom is much more valuable than gold and crystal.
1632	28:17	z7jx		a valuable gemstone that is clear or lightly colored
1633	28:17	v4um		“and it cannot be exchanged for jewels of fine gold.” This implies that wisdom is much more valuable than jewels of fine gold.
1634	28:17	nid2		“traded”
1635	28:18	hgr1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	“It is not worth making mention of coral and jasper.” This implies that wisdom is worth so much more than coral and jasper that there is no need for Job to say anything about them. Alternate translation: “I will not bother to mention coral or jasper” or “Coral and jasper are worthless compared to wisdom” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1636	28:18	vgj8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	This is a beautiful, hard substance that grows on ocean reefs. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1637	28:18	sqn7		These are valuable gemstones.
1638	28:19	mwy7		This implies that wisdom is much more valuable than the finest topaz.
1639	28:19	nxz5		This is a valuable gemstone.
1640	28:19	ycn8		“and wisdom cannot be valued in terms of pure gold.” This implies that wisdom is much more valuable than pure gold.
1641	28:20	jiu5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses these questions to introduce how people get wisdom and understanding. Alternate translation: “I will tell you where wisdom comes from and where understanding is.” or “I will tell you how to become wise and how to learn to understand things.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1642	28:20	z82u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Wisdom is spoken of as if it were in a place and comes to people. Its coming represents people becoming wise. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1643	28:20	ghy4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Understanding is spoken of as if it were in a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1644	28:21	bj7x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	This means that living things are unable to see wisdom. It can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “No living thing can see wisdom” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1645	28:21	j3u4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This means that the birds are unable to see wisdom. This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “even the birds that fly in the skies cannot see wisdom” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1646	28:22	y7e5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Here “Destruction” and “Death” are spoken of as if they are living things who can speak. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1647	28:23	qlj3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Wisdom is spoken of as if it were in a certain place. Alternate translation: “God knows how to find wisdom. He knows where it is” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1648	28:24	q6zd		“the farthest places on the earth”
1649	28:25	l7lk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This describes God deciding how much water should be in each place. Possible meanings are that this refers to deciding (1) how much rain should be in each cloud or (2) how much water should be in each sea. Alternate translation: “decided how much water should be in each place” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1650	28:26	qy1s		“he decided how the thunder can be heard” or “he decided the path of the thunderstorm”
1651	28:28	l4bu	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “fear” can be expressed with the verbs “fear” or “respect.” The abstract noun “wisdom” can be expressed with the word “wise.” Alternate translation: “Listen, if you fear the Lord, you will be wise” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1652	28:28	m7dq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “depart from evil” means refusing to do evil things. The abstract noun “understanding” can be expressed with the verb “understand.” Alternate translation: “if you refuse to do evil, then you will understand many things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1653	29:intro	eli2		Job 29 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job’s statement, but now it is directly addressed to Yahweh. In this chapter, Job recalls the days before Yahweh’s blessings were taken from him. This is only one part of Job’s argument that continues for the next 3 chapters.
1654	29:2	h8k3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations	Job uses this exclamation to express a wish. Alternate translation: “I wish that I were as I was in past months” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
1655	29:3	n6gg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	God’s lamp shining on Job represents God blessing Job. Alternate translation: “when God’s blessing was like a lamp shining its light on my head” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1656	29:3	z42n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Walking through darkness represents experiencing difficult situations. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1657	29:4	bk56	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of when he was young and strong as if his days were the time when the harvest is ripe. Alternate translation: “when I was young and strong” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1658	29:4	d6y9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “friendship” can be expressed with the noun “friend.” The word “tent” represents Job’s home. Alternate translation: “when God was my friend and protected my home” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1659	29:6	xbc3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	“when my path was flowing with cream.” Job uses this exaggeration to express that he had many cows and they produced much more cream than he and his family needed. Alternate translation: “when my cows provided an abundance of cream” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1660	29:6	bt34	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	“and the rock poured out streams of oil for me.” Job uses this exaggeration to express that he had many olive vines and great amounts of olive oil. The rock is where his servants pressed the oil out of the olives. Alternate translation: “when my servants pressed out a great amount of olive oil” or “when oil flowed like streams from the pressing rock” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1661	29:7	tvt7		This is an open area in a village or city where two or more streets meet.
1662	29:8	e835	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	This is a symbol of respect. It can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “rose and stood respectfully for me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
1663	29:9	c8d6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	This was a sign of respect. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
1664	29:9	v8ym	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	They did this to show that they would not speak. This was a sign of their respect for Job. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
1665	29:10	u1bb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The noblemen hushed their voices” or “The noblemen stopped speaking” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1666	29:10	nm6j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	This represents them having so much respect for Job that they had nothing to say. Alternate translation: “they felt that they were unable to speak” or “they had nothing to say” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1667	29:11	n94l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The ears represent those who heard him, and the eyes represent those who saw him. Alternate translation: “after they heard what I told them … after they saw me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1668	29:11	t3tu		“they would witness approvingly of me”
1669	29:12	ui1t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun	Here “the one who was poor” refers to any poor person. Alternate translation: “I used to rescue poor people who cried out” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
1670	29:13	qs27	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Someone’s blessing coming on another represents that person blessing another. Alternate translation: “He who was about to perish would bless me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1671	29:13	ii9w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun	This represents anyone who was about to die. Alternate translation: “those who were about to die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
1672	29:13	v84a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “the widow’s heart” represents any widow. Alternate translation: “I caused widows to sing joyfully” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
1673	29:14	r9i7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	People often spoke of righteousness as if it were clothing. Alternate translation: “I did what was righteous, and it was like clothing that I put on” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1674	29:14	rc4i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	People often spoke of justice as if it were clothing. Alternate translation: “I did what was just, and it was like a robe and a turban on me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1675	29:14	qe3s		a long cloth that men wrap around their heads and wear as a hat
1676	29:15	z9qd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This represents helping blind people. Alternate translation: “I was like eyes for blind people” or “I guided blind people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1677	29:15	qwg2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This represents helping blind people. Alternate translation: “I was like feet for lame people” or “I supported lame people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1678	29:16	dv24	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “I was a father” represents providing for people. Alternate translation: “I provided for needy people as a father provides for his children” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1679	29:17	h48z		In verses 18-20 Job tells about the things he used to say before bad things happened to him.
1680	29:17	rxh7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of unrighteous people who persecute others as if they were wild animals that attack their victims by picking them up between their teeth. Alternate translation: “I made unrighteous people stop persecuting people, like someone who breaks the jaw of a wild animal and rescues its victim from between its teeth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1681	29:18	mx7p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “nest” represents Job’s home and family. Job used to speak as if he were a bird that lived in a nest with his baby birds. Alternate translation: “I will die at home with my family” or “I will die in the safety of my home” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1682	29:18	ree7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	There are more grains of sand on the shore than anyone can count. To say that he would live more days than anyone could count is an exaggeration to express that he would live a very long time. Alternate translation: “I will live a very long time” or “I will live many years” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1683	29:19	f52q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job used to speak of his strength as if he were strong like a well-watered tree. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1684	29:20	r1t1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “honor” can be expressed with the verb “honor.” Here “fresh” represents the honor being constantly given. Alternate translation: “People constantly give me honor” or “People always honor me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1685	29:20	bz9x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	A new bow is very strong. Job’s bow of strength in his hand represents his physical strength. Alternate translation: “I am always strong like a new bow” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1686	29:22	l3t7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Here “dropped like water on them” represents refreshing the people who heard him. The abstract noun “speech” can be translated with the verb “speak” or “say.” Alternate translation: “my speech refreshed their hearts as drops of water refresh people’s bodies” or “what I said to them refreshed them like drops of water” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1687	29:23	g4bi	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	People waited for Job patiently and expected to hear good things. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1688	29:23	dye5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This represents waiting eagerly for Job to speak in order to benefit from what said. Alternate translation: “they eagerly waited for me to speak in order to benefit from what I said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1689	29:23	wd9h		“as farmers wait eagerly for the latter rain”
1690	29:23	v5kv		This refers to the large amount of rain that falls just before the dry season.
1691	29:24	vxz9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It can be stated clearly that the purpose of smiling was to encourage them. Alternate translation: “I smiled on them to encourage them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1692	29:24	b3dw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This represents the kindness they saw in Job’s face. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1693	29:25	nhm5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “selected their way” represents deciding what they should do. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1694	29:25	gh9m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “sat” represents ruling or leading. Chiefs sat down when they made important decisions. Alternate translation: “led them as their chief” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1695	29:25	azd4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Job was their chief. Alternate translation: “led them because I was their chief” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1696	29:25	dv86	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job speaks of how he led the people and how they obeyed him as if he were a king and they were his army. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1697	29:25	nmq6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This phrase means that Job actually was one who comforted people. Alternate translation: “I comforted them when they mourned” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1698	30:intro	u96h		Job 30 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job’s statement, but now it is directly addressed to Yahweh. In this chapter, Job laments his current condition as others insult him. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lament]])
1699	30:1	ghr9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This shows how much he despised those fathers. They were not even good enough to be with his dogs. Alternate translation: “whose fathers I despised and would not have allowed to work beside the dogs of my flock” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1700	30:1	bw8l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The dogs’ relationship to the flock can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the dogs that guarded my flock” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1701	30:2	dkd7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to mock the weakness of those men. Alternate translation: “The strength of their fathers’ hands could not have helped me … perished.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1702	30:2	n58x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Their strength perishing is a metaphor that represents no longer being strong but weak. The phrase “mature age” refers to them being old. Alternate translation: “men who had become old and had no strength” or “men who had become old and weak” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1703	30:3	b5gi		The word “They” refers to the fathers of the young mockers.
1704	30:3	i6mn	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “poverty” can be expressed with the word “poor.” The abstract noun “hunger” can be expressed with the words “hungry” or “starving.” Alternate translation: “They were very thin because they were poor and starving” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1705	30:3	j6n1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Possible meanings are that (1) “dry ground” is a metonym for the dry roots that grow in the ground. Alternate translation: “they chewed on the dry roots they found in the ground” or (2) “gnawed at the dried ground” is a metonym for eating whatever they could find in the dry ground. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1706	30:4	dz4r		Job continues to talk about the fathers of the mockers.
1707	30:4	lbt6		These are plants that people would eat only if they could find nothing better.
1708	30:4	c9mn		Possible meanings are (1) the people ate the roots of the broom tree or (2) the people warmed themselves by burning the roots of broom trees.
1709	30:5	k9yz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	The phrase “were driven out” means “were forced to leave.” These phrases can be reordered and stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The people shouted after them as … a thief and forced them to leave” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1710	30:5	lwr2		“shouted at them as though they were thieves”
1711	30:7	f7j8		Job continues to talk about the fathers of the mockers.
1712	30:7	kkv4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job speaks of the men crying out in hunger as if they were wild donkeys making a loud noise. Alternate translation: “cried out like wild donkeys because they were hungry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1713	30:7	dmg5		“Nettles” are bushes with sharp thorns. This implies that they did not have a home.
1714	30:8	i8tx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “were the sons of fools” represents having the characteristics fools. Alternate translation: “They were like fools” or “they were fools” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1715	30:8	h66q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The word “indeed” shows that what follows strengthens the previous thought. Here “sons of nameless people” represents having the characteristics of nameless people. Alternate translation: “indeed, they were nameless people” or “indeed, they were worthless” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1716	30:8	juk5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here being “nameless” represents having no honor or respect. It means that they are worthless. Alternate translation: “worthless people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1717	30:8	wl4w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are (1) the idea of whips implies that they were being treated like criminals. Alternate translation: “People treated them like criminals and forced them to leave the land” or (2) people actually used whips to force them out. Alternate translation: “People whipped them and forced them to leave the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1718	30:8	r31i		Here “the land” refers to the land where they lived before they were forced to go out to the wilderness.
1719	30:9	krm8		Job speaks again about the people who were mocking him.
1720	30:9	v6wt	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “song” can be expressed with the verb “sing.” Alternate translation: “But now they sing songs about me to taunt me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1721	30:9	u5hm	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “byword” is a metonym for the person about whom people make cruel jokes. Alternate translation: “I am now one whom they make cruel jokes about” or “They joke and say cruel things about me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1722	30:10	sx1h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “they even spit in my face” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
1723	30:11	r95h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	A bow that is unstrung is not useful. The phrase “has unstrung the string of my bow” is a metaphor for making Job powerless. Alternate translation: “God has taken away my power to defend myself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1724	30:11	pll3		“those who mock me”
1725	30:11	sq6d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	A restraint keeps a person from moving freely and doing what he wants. Here “restraint” represents refraining from doing something, and “cast off restraint” represents not refraining from doing something. In this case the mockers did not refrain from being cruel to Job. Alternate translation: “do not refrain from being cruel to me” or “do whatever cruel things they want to do to me” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1726	30:12	u9wm	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks about the mockers treating him cruelly as if they were a mob and an army attacking him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1727	30:12	l5wg		Job continues to speak about the people who were mocking him.
1728	30:12	z8g5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	“the rabble rise upon my right hand.” Possible meanings are (1) rising upon Job’s right hand represents attacking his strength. Alternate translation: “Gangs of young people attack my strength” or (2) rising upon Job’s right hand represents attacking his honor. Alternate translation: “Mobs attack my honor” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1729	30:12	bxs3		“they force me to run away”
1730	30:12	tdu8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Armies would pile up mounds of dirt along a city’s wall in order to climb over the wall and attack the city. Job speaks of the mockers preparing to attack him as if they were doing that. Alternate translation: “prepare to attack me like an army that prepares to attack a city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1731	30:13	sv3y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This represents keeping Job from escaping their attack. Alternate translation: “They prevent me from escaping from them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1732	30:13	x9pd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “push forward disaster” represents trying to make disaster happen. Alternate translation: “they try to make disaster happen to me” or “they try to destroy me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1733	30:13	ayx7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “hold them back” represents stopping them from doing something. Alternate translation: “men who have no one to stop them from attacking me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1734	30:14	su1s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks about the mockers treating him cruelly as if they were an army attacking him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1735	30:14	p4jw		Job continues to speak about the people who were mocking him.
1736	30:14	b1fx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	This represents attacking Job forcefully. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1737	30:14	g1ji	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This represents many coming to attack him at once, like giant ocean waves rolling in on him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1738	30:15	su3j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Possible meanings are (1) Job has become terrified or (2) things are happening to Job that make him afraid. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1739	30:15	y58l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job speaks of suddenly having no honor as if the wind had blown it from him. Alternate translation: “Nobody honors me” or “I am now a person that people do not honor” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1740	30:15	qzd6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Job speaks of his prosperity ending as if it were a cloud that was blown away. Here “prosperity” may refer to well-being or safety. Alternate translation: “I no longer prosper at all” or “I am no longer safe” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1741	30:16	vq4c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks as if his life were a liquid and his body were a container. He feels he is about to die. Alternate translation: “Now I am dying” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1742	30:16	yd79	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Job speaks of his continuous suffering as if the days of suffering have grabbed hold of him. Alternate translation: “I suffer many days, and the suffering does not end” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1743	30:17	s5h2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of the pain in his bones as if his bones were being pierced. Alternate translation: “my bones ache terribly” or “I have sharp pain in my bones” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1744	30:17	q849	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Job speaks of his constant pain as if it were alive and biting him and refuses to rest. Alternate translation: “the pains that cause me to suffer do not stop” or “I am in constant pain” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1745	30:18	x296	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Job speaks of God using his force as if God’s force were actually doing something. Here “God’s … force” stands for “God.” Alternate translation: “God has seized my clothing by his great force” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1746	30:18	wpi4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The image of God’s force seizing Job is a metaphor. Possible meanings are (1) it represents Job’s pain. Alternate translation: “My pain feels like God has grabbed my clothing tightly” or (2) it represents God’s causing Job’s many problems. Alternate translation: “It is as though by his great force God has grabbed me by my clothes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1747	30:18	tm94	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The image of God’s force wrapping around Job is a metaphor. Possible meanings are (1) it represents Job’s pain. Alternate translation: “he wraps the collar of my tunic tightly around me” or (2) it represents God’s causing Job’s many problems. Alternate translation: “It is as though he grabs me by the collar of my tunic” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1748	30:19	aa4h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job says that God has humiliated him. Alternate translation: “It is as though he has thrown me in the mud” or “He has humiliated me, like a person thrown in the mud” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1749	30:19	m43k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	This represents Job’s feeling of being worthless. Alternate translation: “I have become as worthless as dust and ashes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1750	30:21	k1ga		This word means unkind.
1751	30:21	xk2h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The word “hand” represents God’s power. Alternate translation: “you persecute me with your power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1752	30:22	v3bi		Job continues speaking to God.
1753	30:22	zy94	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	These expressions represent the extreme suffering that God made Job endure. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1754	30:22	h7x7		“cause the wind to push me along”
1755	30:23	py4p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “bring me to death” represents causing Job to die. Alternate translation: “you will cause me to die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1756	30:23	a3ym	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of the world of the dead as if it were a house to which God has appointed all living things to go. Alternate translation: “the world of the dead, to which everything that has ever lived goes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1757	30:23	nf6m		That is, all things now alive, but that will die one day.
1758	30:24	ly2e		Job continues speaking to God.
1759	30:24	s7pp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses these questions to justify himself for crying out to God for help. Alternate translation: “Everyone reaches out with his hand to beg for help when he falls. Everyone who is in trouble calls out for help.” or “I have fallen, and so God should not think I am doing wrong when I beg for his help. I am in trouble, so of course I call out for help!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1760	30:24	giv9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Some versions interpret these questions as Job complaining that God has reached out with his hand to harm Job when Job was in trouble and crying out for help. Alternate translation: “Surely no one would reach out with his hand against someone who falls and calls out for help.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1761	30:25	k5gw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses these questions to remind God of how Job had done good to others. A: “You know that I wept … trouble, and I grieved … man!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1762	30:26	dxl4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Looking for good represents hoping for good things, and evil coming represents evil things happening. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1763	30:26	n1jn	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “light” represents God’s blessing and favor and “darkness” represents trouble and suffering. Alternate translation: “I waited for the light of God’s blessing, but instead I experienced the darkness of suffering” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1764	30:27	r36u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Job speaks of his heart as if it were a person. Alternate translation: “I am troubled in my heart and the feeling does not end” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1765	30:27	u2gl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Days of affliction coming on Job represents Job experiencing affliction for many days. Alternate translation: “I experience affliction many days” or “I suffer every day” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1766	30:28	i5gu	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “have gone about” represents living. Alternate translation: “I have lived” or “I live” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1767	30:28	fj2n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “living in the dark” is a metaphor that represents being extremely sad. The phrase “but not because of the sun” clarifies that “living in the dark” is a metaphor, that is, the darkness is not caused by the sun being hidden. Alternate translation: “like one who is terribly sad” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1768	30:29	f66b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Being a brother to these animals is a metaphor for being like them. Alternate translation: “I am like jackals and ostriches that cry out in the wilderness” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1769	30:30	udu9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “bones” refers to the whole body, which suffers from fever. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1770	30:31	qj9s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “my harp” represents Job himself, and also represents his desire to sing only songs of mourning. Alternate translation: “I play only songs of mourning on my harp” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1771	30:31	v1kr	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “my flute” represents Job himself, and also his desire to sing only songs of crying. Alternate translation: “I play only songs of wailing on my flute” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1772	30:31	d2w2		To wail is to cry very loudly because of terrible sadness or pain.
1773	31:intro	leq9		Job 31 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job’s statement and it is directly addressed to Yahweh. In this chapter, Job presents his case to Yahweh that he is upright and not guilty of the sins he is being accused of. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/guilt]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
1774	31:1	jz3t		Job continues speaking.
1775	31:1	ka6e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of making a promise about what he would look at as though his eyes were a person and he made a covenant with them. Alternate translation: “I have made a firm promise about what I will look at” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1776	31:1	af9x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	What job promised can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “I made a promise that I will not look lustfully on a virgin” or “I promised that I will not look lustfully on a virgin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1777	31:1	sxi9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to emphasize that he would never break his promise. Alternate translation: “So I certainly will not look with lust at a virgin.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1778	31:2	p7x8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of God’s response to people’s behavior as if it were the portion of an inheritance that God gives. Alternate translation: “For how will God above respond to me? What will the Almighty on high do?” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1779	31:2	ygr6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Possible meanings are Job uses this question to emphasize (1) that God will not bless bad behavior. Alternate translation: “For if I look lustfully on a woman, God Almighty on high will not bless me.” or (2) that God will punish bad behavior. Alternate translation: “For if I look lustfully on a woman, God Almighty on high will certainly punish me.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1780	31:3	ia4n		Job continues speaking.
1781	31:4	vf6m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “my ways” and “my steps” are metaphors for Job’s behavior. Here “see my ways” and “count all my steps” are metaphors for knowing everything Job does. Job uses this question to emphasize that God does know all he does. Alternate translation: “Certainly God watches me and knows everything that I do.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1782	31:4	n2eh	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Job may be implying that God should know that Job is righteous and does not deserve calamity and disaster. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1783	31:5	lu6r		Job continues speaking.
1784	31:5	zdh8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	In 31:5-40 Job describes different situations in which he would deserve God’s punishment. But, he knows that they are not true and he is innocent. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1785	31:5	a5st	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “walked” and “hurried” are metaphors that represent how Job lived. Alternate translation: “done anything false or purposely deceived anyone” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1786	31:6	ndj9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	People used balances to weigh items and to determine their value. This image represents judging honestly. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “let me be judged honestly” or “let God judge me honestly” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1787	31:7	lz14	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Job continues describing situations in which he would deserve God’s punishment, but he knows they are not true. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1788	31:7	fm8c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “my step” is a metaphor for Job’s behavior, and “turned out of the right way” is a metaphor for changing from living right. Alternate translation: “If I have changed from living right” or “If I have stopped doing what is right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1789	31:7	r29i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “my heart” and “my eyes” are metonyms for what Job desires and sees. The heart going after the eyes is a metaphor for desiring to do what he sees. It is implied that this refers to sinful things that Job sees. Alternate translation: “if I have wanted to do any sinful things that I see” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1790	31:7	tvw5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This is a metaphor for being guilty. Alternate translation: “if I am guilty of any sin at all” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1791	31:8	b7e8		Job is saying that if he really has sinned, then this bad thing should happen to him. He would do the hard work of sowing his fields, but he would not be able to eat any of it.
1792	31:8	xs19	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “let someone else come and take the harvest from my field” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1793	31:9	n6g7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Job continues describing situations in which he would deserve God’s punishment, but he knows they are not true. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1794	31:9	p1yn	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “my heart” represents Job. Here the word “deceived” expresses the idea of “enticed.” The word “woman” expresses the idea of “another man’s wife.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If another man’s wife has enticed me” or “If I have desired another man’s wife” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1795	31:9	rs8z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It can be stated clearly why he was waiting at his neighbor’s door. Alternate translation: “if I have waited at my neighbor’s door so I could sleep with his wife” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1796	31:10	ngk5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	Possible meanings are (1) this is an euphemism which means Job is saying may his wife sleep with another man or (2) it means she will become a slave and work for another man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1797	31:11	w7dz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Job continues describing situations in which he would deserve God’s punishment, but he knows they are not true. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1798	31:11	ds7e		The word “that” refers to Job sleeping with another woman.
1799	31:11	h8zi	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “it would be a crime for which judges would be right to punish me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1800	31:12	r4vn	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Job speaks of the harm that sleeping with another woman causes as if it were a fire that destroys everything. The words “that” and “it” refer to sleeping with another man’s wife. Alternate translation: “For adultery is like a fire that burns up everything from here to Abaddon and that would burn up all my harvest” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1801	31:12	i923	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	These words are probably a metaphor for “destroys everything so I have nothing good for the rest of my life,” but you should probably translate this literally. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1802	31:12	bn97	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The word “it” here refers to the action sleeping with another man’s wife. This action is a metonym for the punishment that Job would suffer as a result of the action. A fire burning up his harvest is a synecdoche for losing everything he has worked for. Alternate translation: “those who punish me would take away everything I have worked for” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1803	31:13	p9e5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Job continues describing situations in which he would deserve God’s punishment, but he knows they are not true. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1804	31:14	s3xg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses these questions to emphasize that if God were to judge him, Job would not be able to make himself appear to be good. Alternate translation: “then there would be absolutely nothing I could say to defend myself when God comes to judge me.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1805	31:15	jl2j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses these questions to emphasize that he is no different from his servants. He implies that God would be angry if Job were to treat his servants as less valuable than himself. Alternate translation: “The one who made me in the womb also made them. He formed us all in the womb.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1806	31:16	k4ut	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Job continues describing situations in which he would deserve God’s punishment, but he knows they are not true. He does not finish his sentence in verses 16 and 17. Instead he explains in verse 18 why they are not true. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1807	31:16	yzr5		“If I have kept poor people from getting what they desire”
1808	31:16	e9r8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here “to grow dim” refers to the widow having bad eyesight from crying a lot. Alternate translation: “if I have caused a widow to cry in great sadness” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1809	31:17	gs2b		“my food”
1810	31:18	xz2i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun	Here “the orphan” represents orphans in general. Job is describing how he truly treated orphans. Alternate translation: “because even when I was young I took care of orphans like a father” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
1811	31:18	z518	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	The phrase “But I have done none of those things” is understood from the context. Alternate translation: “But I have done none of those things, because from my youth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1812	31:18	ibm5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	Job is describing how he truly treated widows. With the phrase “from my own mother’s womb” he uses exaggeration to emphasize that he did this all his life. Alternate translation: “all my life I have guided the orphan’s mother, a widow” or “all my life I have guided widows” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1813	31:19	zh5u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Job continues describing situations in which he would deserve God’s punishment, but he knows they are not true. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1814	31:20	ut9q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The phrase “his heart” represents the poor man who needs clothing. Alternate translation: “if he has not blessed me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1815	31:20	r66u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “the wool of my sheep” represents blankets or clothing made from the wool of Job’s sheep. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “because the wool of my sheep has not warmed him” or “because I have not given him clothing made from the wool of my sheep” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1816	31:21	mf7q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Lifting up the hand against someone represents threatening to harm him. Alternate translation: “if I have threatened to harm fatherless people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1817	31:21	wu45	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “saw” is a metaphor for “knew,” “support” is a metaphor for “approval,” and “the city gate” is a metonym for the leaders who sit at the city gate. Alternate translation: “I knew that the leaders at the city gate would approve of me” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1818	31:21	w7s9		This is where the important men of the city would gather to make decisions.
1819	31:21	y72n		This phrase is not in the original language or in other versions of the Bible. It was added here to help preserve the meaning of Job’s statement in this long sentence.
1820	31:22	sqk5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “then let someone tear off my shoulder from the shoulder blade and break my arm from its joint” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1821	31:23	ss4j		This is the reason that Job did not do any of the wicked things he spoke of in verses 7 through 21.
1822	31:24	z7ra	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Job continues describing situations in which he would deserve God’s punishment, but he knows they are not true. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1823	31:24	r6lg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “hope” can be translated with the verbs “trust” or “hope.” Alternate translation: “If I trusted in gold” or “If I hoped that having a lot of gold would make me secure” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1824	31:24	s4sm	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	This line means the same as the previous line. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1825	31:25	bt3p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “my hand” represents Job’s ability to do things. Alternate translation: “I have gained many possessions by my own ability” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1826	31:25	sk1t		This phrase is not in the original language or in other versions of the Bible. It was added here to help preserve the meaning of Job’s statement in this long sentence.
1827	31:26	k9a3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Job continues describing situations in which he would deserve God’s punishment, but he knows they are not true. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1828	31:26	g5il	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Here “walking” represents moving slowly. Alternate translation: “the moon moving across the sky” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1829	31:26	m93p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “brightness” can be expressed with the words “bright” or “brightly.” Alternate translation: “the bright moon moving across the sky” or “the moon moving brightly across the sky” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1830	31:27	qcf6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “my heart” represents Job. This phrase can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if I have been secretly attracted to them” or “if I have secretly desired to worship them” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1831	31:27	wm2t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	Here “my mouth” represents Job. This is a sign of love and devotion. Alternate translation: “so that I have kissed my hand” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
1832	31:28	pwl3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for which judges would be right to punish me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1833	31:28	g5xt		“I would have been unfaithful to the God who is above”
1834	31:29	wm4x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Job continues describing situations in which he would deserve God’s punishment, but he knows they are not true. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1835	31:29	b1im	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “destruction” can be translated with the verb “destroy.” Alternate translation: “when anyone who hated me was destroyed” or “when bad things happened to anyone who hated me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1836	31:29	p1nt		“when he experienced disasters”
1837	31:29	hvt5		This phrase is not in the original language or in other versions of the Bible. It was added here to help preserve the meaning of Job’s statement in this long sentence.
1838	31:30	w93c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “my mouth” represents Job speaking. Alternate translation: “Truly I did not let myself sin” or “Truly, I did not sin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1839	31:30	jng4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “asking for his life with a curse” represents cursing someone’s life so that he will die. Alternate translation: “by cursing him so that he would die” or “by cursing his life” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1840	31:31	etk2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Job continues describing situations in which he would deserve God’s punishment, but he knows they are not true. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1841	31:31	ng3a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The tent represents Job’s household. The men of his tent includes family members and servants. All of these knew Job well. Alternate translation: “the men of my household” or “my family members and servants” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1842	31:31	hwl9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job’s men would have used this question to emphasize that Job was generous to everyone. Alternate translation: “Everyone has been filled with Job’s food!” or “Everyone we know of has eaten as much of Job’s food as he wanted!”(See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1843	31:32	uns3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Job is explaining how he truly treated foreigners. Here “stay in the city square” represents sleeping overnight in the city square. Alternate translation: “foreigners have never had to sleep in the city square” or “foreigners have never had to sleep outside” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1844	31:32	h895	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “opened my doors to the traveler” represents welcoming the traveler into his home. Alternate translation: “I have always welcomed the traveler into my home” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1845	31:32	p6kk		This phrase is not in the original language or in other versions of the Bible. It was added here to help preserve the meaning of Job’s statement in this long sentence.
1846	31:33	w9u3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Job continues describing situations in which he would deserve God’s punishment, but he knows they are not true. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1847	31:33	sb1q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “have hidden my sins” represents trying to keep people from knowing that he had sinned. Alternate translation: “If … I have tried to keep my sins a secret” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1848	31:33	jav4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This represents trying to keep people from knowing that he is guilty. Alternate translation: “by hiding the evidence of my guilt inside my tunic” or “like one who hides the evidence of his guilt inside his tunic” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1849	31:34	b8ml	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	This would be the reason for hiding his sins. These mean the same thing. They emphasize that a person may hide his sin because he fears what other people may think about him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1850	31:34	ia4h		This phrase is not in the original language or in other versions of the Bible. It was added here to help preserve the meaning of Job’s statement in this long sentence.
1851	31:35	i9lk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations	This exclamation expresses Job’s wish. Alternate translation: “I wish I had someone to hear me” or “I wish that someone would listen to me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
1852	31:35	vmt3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “my signature” represents Job’s promise that everything he is saying is true. He speaks of his complaint as if he had written a legal document. Alternate translation: “I solemnly promise that all I have said is true” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1853	31:35	v1vp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Here an answer probably refers to telling Job what wrong he accuses Job of doing. Alternate translation: “let the Almighty tell me what I have done wrong” or “I wish the Almighty would say what I have done wrong” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1854	31:35	u84z		This expresses Job’s wish. Job speaks as though his troubles are evidence that someone has written something accusing him of terrible sin. Alternate translation: “I wish I had the accusation that my opponent has written” or “If only I could read my opponent’s complaint against me”
1855	31:35	qku3		Possible meanings are (1) this refers to God or (2) this refers to someone else.
1856	31:36	gw5a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This represents putting it where everyone could read it. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1857	31:37	l5p7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “my steps” represents Job’s actions. Alternate translation: “I would declare to him an accounting for all I have done” or “I would tell him everything I have done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1858	31:37	mvd6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	This means Job would approach God without any fear. Job implies that he could do this because he was not guilty. Alternate translation: “I would approach him boldly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1859	31:38	g2jv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	This concludes Job’s description of situations in which he would deserve God’s punishment, but he knows they are not true. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
1860	31:38	r91t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Job speaks of being guilty as if his land were a person who cries out against Job because of the wrong Job has done to the land. Alternate translation: “If I have done wrong concerning my land” or “If I have stolen my land from someone” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1861	31:39	vfe3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	This represents dying. Alternate translation: “to die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1862	31:40	k93z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	The words “let” and “grow” are understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “let weeds grow instead of barley” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1863	32:intro	pq4v		Job 32 General Notes Structure and formatting Job’s friends give up on trying to convince him that he is being punished for sinning. This chapter introduces Elihu who was a witness to these interactions between Job and his friends. According to Elihu, instead of being punished for his sins, Job is sinning in the midst of these difficulties. This is the first of Elihu’s four statements. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]]) Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers, or songs. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of 32:6-22, which is an extended quotation, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. This quotation continues through the next chapter.
1864	32:1	k2f6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “he considered himself righteous” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1865	32:2	cr7d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This compares Elihu’s anger to someone starting a fire. Also, this can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Then Elihu son of Barakel the Buzite, of the family of Ram, became very angry with Job” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1866	32:2	hxc1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1867	32:2	l6vj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a people-group. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1868	32:2	iub4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that he considered himself innocent and believed God had been wrong to punish him. Alternate translation: “he justified himself and claimed that God had been wrong to punish him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1869	32:3	p4aw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This compares Elihu’s anger to someone starting a fire. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Elihu also became very angry with his three friends” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1870	32:4	w92d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. This tells background information about Elihu. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
1871	32:5	mm6z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This means that the men were done speaking to Job. This speaks of the men possibly having an answer as if the answer were an object that would be in their mouths. Alternate translation: “that these three men had nothing else to say” or “that these three men had no more answers to give Job” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1872	32:5	xt4n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This compares Elihu’s anger to someone starting a fire. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he became very angry” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1873	32:6	jj95	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	Here “you” is plural and refers to Job and his three friends. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1874	32:7	z9d9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	These two lines mean the same thing. Elihu emphasizes that since older people are wiser than younger people, they should be the first to speak of what they know. Alternate translation: “He who has lived many years should speak; He would is older should teach wisdom” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1875	32:8	m7uf		Elihu continues speaking to Job and his friends.
1876	32:8	le8v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Both phrases mean the same thing. Elihu is emphasizing that a man’s wisdom comes from God. Alternate translation: “there is a spirit in a man, that is, the breath of the Almighty that” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1877	32:8	tg64	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the spirit is represented by “breath.” Alternate translation: “the spirit of the Almighty” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1878	32:11	c94u		Elihu uses this word here to draw the mens’ attention to what he says next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
1879	32:11	vq5w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	“I waited to hear what you would say.” The word “your” refers to Job’s friends. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1880	32:12	cem5		Here the word “respond” does not just mean to answer, but to answer with a helpful response.
1881	32:13	l5ty		Elihu continues speaking to Job’s friends.
1882	32:13	ys9l		This means that they believe that they have figured out what is wise. Alternate translation: “We have discovered what is wise”
1883	32:13	pwq9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of God responding to Job and correcting him as if he were defeating him in battle. Alternate translation: “to refute Job” or “to answer Job” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1884	32:14	q8fq		“by saying what you have said”
1885	32:15	v3nu		Elihu continues speaking.
1886	32:15	gi7d		amazed, unable to speak
1887	32:16	k7n7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu uses a question to emphasize that he will not wait any longer to speak. Elihu answers this question himself in the next verse. Alternate translation: But because you do not speak, I certainly will not wait any longer; you merely stand there and do not reply anymore. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1888	32:17	n3iz		Elihu continues speaking using parallelisms.
1889	32:17	ii5q		“I will now take my turn to answer”
1890	32:18	j46i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of having a lot to say as being full of words. Alternate translation: “I have so much to say” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1891	32:18	t9et		“my spirit forces me to say it”
1892	32:19	l5s6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	While wine is fermenting, gas collects in the container. If the gas is not let out the container will burst. Elihu means that he has so much to say that if he does not speak he feels like he will burst. Also, these two phrases are parallel and have the same meaning. Alternate translation: “I feel like my breast is about to burst, like a container of fermenting wine that has no vent” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1893	32:19	a7cz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	This represents Elihu, specifically his spirit. Alternate translation: “my spirit is” or “I am” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1894	32:20	q9qt		Elihu continues speaking using parallelisms for emphasis.
1895	32:20	m29y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I may feel better” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1896	32:20	w6zz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here the “lips” represent the mouth. Alternate translation: “open my mouth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1897	32:21	mi73		“neither will I praise any man or give him titles of honor”
1898	32:22	nb65		This is a name referring to God. Alternate translation: “God who made me”
1899	32:22	i4r2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	This means that he would destroy him. Alternate translation: “destroy me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1900	33:intro	t7rx		Job 33 General Notes Structure and formatting According to Elihu, instead of being punished for his sins, Job is sinning in the midst of these difficulties. This is a continuation of the first of Elihu’s four statements and it is addressed to Job. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]]) The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This quotation is a continuation of the previous chapter. Special concepts in this chapter God’s mercy While Job has been complaining about the lack of justice and response from Yahweh, Elihu shows Job that Yahweh has shown him great mercy along the way. He is still alive because of Yahweh’s mercy. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]])
1901	33:1	ct2e		Elihu continues speaking.
1902	33:1	m7lu	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two phrases mean the same thing. Elihu is emphasizing that Job must listen carefully. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1903	33:2	j572	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These mean the same thing. Elihu is emphasizing that he is now ready to speak. His “tongue” speaking represents himself speaking. Alternate translation: “I have opened my mouth and I have begun to speak” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1904	33:3	u1kk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here Elihu refers to himself by his “heart” as he speaks of being upright. Alternate translation: “I will speak with uprightness” or “I will speak with complete honesty” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1905	33:3	j6sd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here Elihu refers to himself by his “lips” to emphasize his speech. Alternate translation: “I will speak sincerely to you the things I know” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1906	33:4	mz8n		Elihu continues speaking to Job.
1907	33:4	g749	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two lines mean the same thing. Elihu is emphasizing that God has made him and so gives authority to what he is saying. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1908	33:5	ikf4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of Job preparing what he will say as if he were setting up and organizing physical objects. Alternate translation: “prepare what you will say, and stand up and answer me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1909	33:6	qrs9		Elihu continues speaking to Job.
1910	33:6	ie4u		Elihu uses this word here to draw Job’s attention to what he says next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
1911	33:6	dis8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “I am just as you are in God’s judgment” or “God judges me the same way that he judges you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1912	33:6	ym3b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Though people are not made out of clay, God has made everyone as a potter carefully makes things out of clay. Alternate translation: “God has made both of us just as a potter forms things from clay” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1913	33:6	q828	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has also made me” or “God has formed both of us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1914	33:7	dmb1		“you do not need to be afraid of me”
1915	33:7	y53l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This means that he will not hinder Job or burden him. He speaks of emotional burden here as if it were a heavy physical burden. Alternate translation: “neither will I burden you” or “I will not oppress you with what I say” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1916	33:8	i9bj		Elihu continues speaking to Job.
1917	33:8	zu7c		“where I could hear you”
1918	33:8	c2f7		“I have heard you say”
1919	33:9	f62q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	A person who God considers spiritually acceptable is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1920	33:9	h3f9		“I have not sinned”
1921	33:10	m72b		Elihu continues quoting what he heard Job say.
1922	33:10	f8tf		The speaker uses this word here to draw attention to what he says next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
1923	33:11	ra4e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	“Stocks” are wooden blocks a jailer puts around a prisoner’s feet to restrict his movement. Job speaks of feeling like he is a prisoner by saying that he is in stocks. Alternate translation: “I feel he has made me a prisoner” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1924	33:11	w3ja	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	These words refer to where he goes. Here where he goes represents what he does. Alternate translation: “everything that I do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1925	33:12	bbu1		Elihu is speaking to Job.
1926	33:13	ki75		Elihu continues speaking to Job.
1927	33:13	z74q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu uses this question to emphasize that Job should not struggle against God. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not struggle against God.” or “You should not try to argue with God.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1928	33:13	m749		“He does not have to explain to us anything he does”
1929	33:14	gyh6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “God speaks again and again in different ways” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1930	33:15	zz7a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These phrases have the same meaning. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1931	33:15	vq5q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of people being in a deep sleep as if the sleep fell upon them or overcame them. Alternate translation: “when people are fully asleep on their bed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1932	33:16	inq3		Elihu continues speaking to Job.
1933	33:16	cgu3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of God making people aware of things as if he were opening their ears so that they could hear. Alternate translation: “then God reveals things to people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1934	33:17	qd6y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of God keeping someone from doing something as if he were physically pulling him away from harm. Alternate translation: “in order to keep him from” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1935	33:18	t4um	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Both of these statements mean the same thing. Alternate translation: “God saves people from the grave and from death” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1936	33:18	d93m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The place where people go when they die is referred to here as “the pit.” Alternate translation: “the place where dead people are” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1937	33:18	bd6l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “man from dying and … he keeps him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1938	33:18	lgc1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “death” represents the place where people go when they die, that is, sheol. Alternate translation: “from going to sheol” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1939	33:19	bk1d		Elihu continues speaking to Job.
1940	33:19	pgn6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God also punishes a person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1941	33:19	x9jg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that the person is experiencing such pain that he must lie in bed. Alternate translation: “with pain so that he must lie in bed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1942	33:20	ubm9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two phrases mean basically the same thing, that the person is in so much pain that he cannot even eat. The person is represented by his “life” and his “soul.” Alternate translation: “the result is that he does not desire any food, not even very special food” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1943	33:20	x7zp		“hates even very special food”
1944	33:21	g47r		Elihu continues speaking to Job.
1945	33:21	f64y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. “His flesh” refers to his fat and muscles, not to his body’s outer skin. Alternate translation: “Disease makes his body weak and thin so that a person can see his bones” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1946	33:22	gup8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here a person is represented by his “soul.” Alternate translation: “he is close to going into the grave” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1947	33:22	v3zi	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The place where people go when they die is referred to here as “the pit.” Alternate translation: “the place where dead people are” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1948	33:22	ne1h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here the person is represented by his “life.” The phrase “those who wish to destroy it” refers to the place where people go after they die. Alternate translation: “and he is close to going to the place where dead people go” or “and he will soon go to the place of the dead” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1949	33:23	r3z1		Elihu continues speaking to Job.
1950	33:23	kt34		This does not refer to a specific person. Elihu continues speaking about any person in general.
1951	33:23	zbw1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	In some languages it may be more natural to refer to “a great number” instead of “a thousand.” Alternate translation: “one from the great number of angels” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1952	33:24	a1rp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The place where people go when they die is referred to here as “the pit.” Alternate translation: “the place where dead people are” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1953	33:24	es6z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that the angel has found a way to pay for the sins of the man so that he does not have to die. Alternate translation: “for I have found a way for you to keep him from dying” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1954	33:25	qs6m		Elihu continues speaking to Job.
1955	33:25	ze1v		This word is used here to mark what will happen if God grants the angel’s request. Alternate translation: “Then as a result” or “As a result of the angel’s request to God”
1956	33:25	mu51	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	This speaks of the man being healed and his body growing strong again as if his body became new like a child’s body. Alternate translation: “the sick man’s body will become new again like a young person’s body” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1957	33:25	k7le	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	In this comparison, the word “fresher” is an exaggeration. Alternate translation: “fresh like a child’s” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1958	33:25	n9hs	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	This refers to a child’s flesh. Alternate translation: “a child’s flesh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1959	33:25	s1tk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of the man’s flesh again being as strong as it was when he was young. Alternate translation: “it will become strong again, as it was when he was young” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1960	33:26	yt2q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “he joyfully worships God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1961	33:26	d3zd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here God is represented by his “face.” Alternate translation: “God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1962	33:26	ysy8		“God will save the person” or “God will make things right for the person again”
1963	33:27	ypw2		Elihu continues speaking to Job.
1964	33:27	t53p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but God did not punish me for sinning” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1965	33:28	wt12	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here the person is referred to by his “soul.” Alternate translation: “rescued me from dying and going to the pit” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1966	33:28	u2a3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The place where people go when they die is referred to here as “the pit.” Alternate translation: “the place where dead people are” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1967	33:28	f6ps	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the person is represented by his “life.” Also, living is spoken of as seeing the light. Alternate translation: “I will continue to live and see the daylight” or “I will continue to live” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1968	33:29	v1ch		Elihu continues speaking to Job.
1969	33:29	m27i		Elihu uses this word here to draw Job’s attention to what he says next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
1970	33:29	w47t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “again and again” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1971	33:30	b2bf	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The person is represented by his “soul.” Alternate translation: “him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1972	33:30	cik5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of saving the man from dying as if he had died and was being brought back to life. Alternate translation: “to keep him from dying and going to the pit” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1973	33:30	qg5z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The place where people go when they die is referred to here as “the pit.” Alternate translation: “the place where dead people are” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1974	33:30	myd4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This is an idiom and may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he may be happy to still be alive” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1975	33:31	sm1q		Elihu continues speaking to Job.
1976	33:31	z1l9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	These phrases mean the same thing. Alternate translation: “Listen carefully to me, Job” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1977	33:32	g3l6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “that you are innocent” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1978	34:intro	b9ku		Job 34 General Notes Structure and formatting According to Elihu, instead of being punished for his sins, Job is sinning in the midst of these difficulties. This is the second of Elihu’s four statements and it is addressed first to Job’s friends and then to Job. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]]) The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. Elihu uses many of Job’s statements against him. His attitude is not too different from Job’s friends. Special concepts in this chapter Yahweh’s justice Elihu defends the justice of Yahweh after Job claimed that Yahweh was being unjust. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
1979	34:1	h9vc		“Then, Elihu”
1980	34:1	yw36	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	See how you translated this man’s name in Job 32:2. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1981	34:2	k8a4		“Listen to what I say”
1982	34:2	zux7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony	Elihu is criticizing Job and his friends. He does not think they are actually wise. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
1983	34:3	ln8s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Elihu means people listen carefully to determine what is right or wrong just like we taste food to determine if it is good or bad. Here people are referred to by their “ear” and their “palate” to emphasize that they are tasting and hearing. Alternate translation: “For we listen to words to know what is good and bad, just as we taste foods to know what is good to eat” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1984	34:4	kw1y		Elihu continues speaking.
1985	34:4	v6hj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive	Here “us” refers to Elihu, Job, and his three friends. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
1986	34:5	k2e1		“refused to give me justice”
1987	34:6	k523	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God considers me to be a liar” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1988	34:6	i95p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here Job’s sickness and suffering is spoken of as if it were a “wound.” Alternate translation: “I am sick and no one can heal me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1989	34:7	zr9v		Elihu continues speaking.
1990	34:7	nd2a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu uses this rhetorical question to scold Job. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “There is no one else like Job” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1991	34:7	glm5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Elihu is accusing Job of mocking others as often as a person drinks water. Alternate translation: “who mocks other people as frequently as he drinks water” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1992	34:8	j3zr	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here “walk” is an idiom for how a person acts. Alternate translation: “who behaves like wicked men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1993	34:10	f3de	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Elihu continues speaking. Each of these verses contain parallel phrases. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1994	34:10	n22e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony	Elihu is criticizing Job and his friends. He does not actually think they are wise. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
1995	34:10	meh8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two phrases have the same meaning and are used together to emphasize that God would never do anything wrong. The phrase “far be it from” is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Almighty God would never consider doing anything that is wicked or wrong” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1996	34:11	ia8g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This means that he gives to a person what he deserves for the work he has done. Here “work” is a metaphor for what a person does. Alternate translation: “For he gives to a person what he deserves in return for he does” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1997	34:11	y31y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “his own ways” is an idiom for how a person lives his life. Elihu emphasizes that God gives to people what they deserve. Alternate translation: “he causes every man to receive the reward he deserves for how he lives” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1998	34:13	eq51		Elihu continues speaking.
1999	34:13	n1w5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Both of these rhetorical questions have the same meaning and emphasize that no one needed to grant God authority because it was already his. These questions can be written as statements. Alternate translation: “No one needed to give permission to God to take responsibility over all the earth. He is the rightful one to rule the world.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2000	34:14	d4kx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Elihu is describing a situation that he does not believe would ever happen. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
2001	34:14	t8rt	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The “spirit” and “breath” of God are what makes all living things alive. Alternate translation: “his spirit and breath which give us life” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2002	34:15	lah1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here all living things are represented by their “flesh.” Alternate translation: “all living things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2003	34:15	tmc7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that all people would die and their bodies would decay and become soil. In the beginning God created man from the dust. Alternate translation: “the bodies of mankind would soon become soil again” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2004	34:16	ag4g		Elihu continues speaking.
2005	34:16	h7bg		Elihu uses this word to bring attention to something important he is about to say.
2006	34:16	lpb8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	Here “you” is singular and refers to Job. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2007	34:16	giw9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	“listen to what I say.” This means the same as the previous part of the sentence. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2008	34:17	rc4c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu uses this question to rebuke Job for implying that God hates justice. Alternate translation: “One who hates justice cannot be expected to rule over people. So you really cannot criticize God, who is righteous and powerful, and you cannot say that what he has done is wrong.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2009	34:17	s1zl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The implicit answer to this rhetorical question is “no.” This question implies that God could not rule the world if he hated justice. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “One who hates justice cannot govern the world.” or “God could certainly never hate what is right and still rule the world.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2010	34:17	l8xs	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This rhetorical question is used to emphasize that Job does not have the authority or a reason to condemn God. Alternate translation: “You cannot condemn God, who is righteous and mighty!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2011	34:18	azg3		Elihu continues speaking.
2012	34:18	n5xx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This continues the rhetorical question from the previous verse, emphasizing to Job that he cannot condemn God. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “He says to some kings, ‘You are vile,’ and he says to some nobles, ‘You are wicked.’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2013	34:18	pa2a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	This is part of the previous question. The understood words from the previous verse, “will you condemn God,” may be supplied. Alternate translation: “Will you condemn God, who says to a king” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2014	34:18	n3qi		“evil” or “worthless”
2015	34:19	sj41	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hands” refer to power. Alternate translation: “for God made them all” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2016	34:20	xkd5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Midnight is the time when one day ends and another begins. Here “midnight” is used as an idiom. Alternate translation: “at night” or “suddenly, at night” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2017	34:20	yx7f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. The phrase “will be shaken” is an idiom that means to be “struck.” Alternate translation: “God strikes them and they die” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2018	34:20	nq3g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	This means that it is God who causes people to die, not people. Also, this can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “it is God and not humans who cause mighty people to die” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2019	34:20	dsu9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here people are represented by their “hands.” Alternate translation: “not by humans” or “not by people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2020	34:21	syl2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	God’s “eyes” represent his sight. The phrase “a person’s ways” is an idiom for what he does and how he lives. Alternate translation: “For God watches everything a person does” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2021	34:21	wn28	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that he always knows where the person is and where he is going. Alternate translation: “he sees him wherever he goes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2022	34:22	em2w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	The words “thick gloom” mean basically the same thing as, and intensify, the word “darkness.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2023	34:23	dy7z		“so he may judge him” or “to be judged”
2024	34:24	zb65		Elihu continues speaking.
2025	34:24	hwl1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This speaks of God destroying these men as if he actually broke their bodies into pieces. Alternate translation: “He destroys mighty men” or “He destroys important people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2026	34:24	nyi9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	He does not need to investigate what they have done because he already knows everything about them. Alternate translation: “without needing to do further investigation, because he already knows their ways” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2027	34:24	i96c		This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “the things they have done”
2028	34:24	z5n9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that he appoints other people to rule in their positions. Alternate translation: “and he chooses other people to rule in their places” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2029	34:25	hq7v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “when they are not expecting it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2030	34:25	rxl8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “and destroys them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2031	34:26	syc3		Elihu continues speaking.
2032	34:26	mwg7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	This phrase compares the way that these people die to how criminals die. Alternate translation: “He kills them for their wicked deeds, in the open sight of others as if they were criminals” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2033	34:26	y46j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “In a place where everyone can see” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2034	34:26	af3k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This speaks of God causing these people to die, though he does not actually strike them with a sword himself. He may cause someone else to kill them or disaster to come upon them. Alternate translation: “he causes them to die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2035	34:27	mv8l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This refers to God’s instructions for how people should behave. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2036	34:28	d5r1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The word “cry” can be expressed as a verb. This speaks of God hearing their cry as if the cry were a person that came to him. Alternate translation: “they made the poor people cry, and God heard them” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2037	34:29	d8u3		Elihu continues speaking.
2038	34:29	w485	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	These two questions speak of God not punishing wicked people as if he were being silent and hiding his face. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2039	34:29	k61c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu uses this rhetorical question to teach Job. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one can criticize God if he decides to remain silent” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2040	34:29	j5ex	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu uses this rhetorical question to teach Job. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one can go and see him if he decides to hide his face” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2041	34:29	pdu7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here God is represented by his “face.” Alternate translation: “himself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2042	34:30	n7qw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This compares a godless ruler harming people as if he were a hunter trapping his prey. Alternate translation: “no one to harm the people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2043	34:31	u1av		Elihu continues speaking.
2044	34:32	u6ly	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here to “see” means to know. Alternate translation: “teach me what I have done wrong that I am not aware of” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2045	34:33	kc72	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	“Since you dislike what God does, do you think that God should punish this person’s sin?” Elihu uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he should not think that God will not punish this man. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Even though you do not like what God does, surely even you do not think that God will punish this person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2046	34:33	xdv4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here punishing the person because of his sin is referred to as punishing the “person’s sin.” Alternate translation: “that person because of his sin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2047	34:33	nw6c		“because you dislike”
2048	34:33	px78		“what you are thinking about this”
2049	34:34	eu8y		Elihu continues speaking.
2050	34:34	qbs3		“who hears me speaking”
2051	34:36	znm7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If only we could put Job on trial in” or “If only we could take Job to court so a judge could listen to” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2052	34:36	mvs5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “to listen to his case thoroughly” or “to hear all of the details of his case” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2053	34:36	w7eb		“of how he has spoken like a wicked man”
2054	34:37	jr4v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This refers to rebellion against God. Alternate translation: “he adds rebellion against God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2055	34:37	fm5k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	In this accusation, this means that Job clapped his hands to strengthen his mockery of God. Alternate translation: “he claps his hands as he mocks God in our midst” or “he mocks God right in front of us” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
2056	34:37	g7nc	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of “words” as if they were objects, and of speaking many words as if it were piling those objects one on top of the other. Alternate translation: “he speaks many words against God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2057	35:intro	mfr6		Job 35 General Notes Structure and formatting According to Elihu, instead of being punished for his sins, Job is sinning in the midst of these difficulties. This is the third of Elihu’s four statements and it is addressed first to Job’s friends and then to Job. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]]) The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. Elihu uses many of Job’s statements against him. Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical questions Elihu uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job. These questions help to build Elihu’s argument. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Ironic situation Elihu explains the irony of Job’s claim. He claimed to be righteous and desired Yahweh to intervene. In this chapter, Elihu explains to Job that his claims of righteousness are prideful. This makes him unrighteous. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-irony]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
2058	35:2	s9jw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu uses questions to challenge Job. Alternate translation: “You must think you are right … ‘My right before God.’” or “It is not just … ‘My right before God.’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2059	35:2	yh9l		“Do you think it is right for you to say”
2060	35:2	g7jg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	Here “you” is singular and refers to Job. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2061	35:2	l3t8		Possible meanings are (1) Job is claiming to be innocent before God or (2) Job is claiming that he, rather than God, is right.
2062	35:3	w8qv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu quotes Job as saying the these two rhetorical questions. Alternate translation: “For you say, ‘It does not benefit me’ and, ‘I am no better off than if I had sinned.’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2063	35:4	tp7p		Elihu continues speaking.
2064	35:6	t2vl		Elihu continues speaking.
2065	35:6	pdd2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two lines share similar meanings. The second line intensifies the meaning of the first line. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2066	35:6	t1v8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu asks this question to emphasize that Job’s sins cannot actually do anything to God. Alternate translation: “If you have sinned, you have not done any harm to God.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2067	35:6	s7x4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of “transgressions” as if they were objects, and of committing many transgressions as if it were piling those objects one on top of the other. He asks this question to emphasize that Job does nothing to God by his transgressions. Alternate translation: “If you committed a great many transgressions, you still do nothing to him.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2068	35:7	m97k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The two rhetorical questions mean basically the same thing, that Job’s righteousness adds nothing to God. Alternate translation: “If you are righteous, that does not enable you to give anything to him, and there is nothing that he will receive from your hand.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2069	35:7	i418	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here the word “hand” represents Job. Alternate translation: “receive from you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2070	35:8	fa27		“another human-being” or “another person”
2071	35:9	nu68		Elihu continues speaking.
2072	35:9	p9sw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The word “oppression” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “Because of the many things that people do to oppress others” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2073	35:9	zb6t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “arms” refers to power or strength. Alternate translation: “they call for someone to deliver them from the power of mighty men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2074	35:10	f89r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of God enabling people to have hope in troubling circumstances as if he were giving to them songs which they can sing during the night. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2075	35:12	gme8		Elihu continues speaking.
2076	35:12	xj4y		“the oppressed people cry out”
2077	35:14	di2g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations	Since God will not hear the prayers of prideful, evil men, it is even less likely that he will hear Job, who is complaining against him. Alternate translation: “So he certainly will not answer you … that you are waiting for him!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
2078	35:14	njy6		“you have presented your case to him”
2079	35:14	c513		“you are waiting for him to respond”
2080	35:15	r6hq		Elihu continues speaking.
2081	35:15	ub2k		Because Job is saying these things about God that are untrue, it is even less likely that God will answer Job’s prayers.
2082	35:15	kpu8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “his anger” is a metonym for “him.” Alternate translation: “he never punishes anyone because he is angry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2083	35:16	ben3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of “words” as if they were objects, and of speaking many words as if it were piling those objects one on top of the other. The word “knowledge” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “he speaks many words without knowing what he is talking about” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2084	36:intro	pp2j		Job 36 General Notes Structure and formatting According to Elihu, instead of being punished for his sins, Job is sinning in the midst of these difficulties. This is the last of Elihu’s four statements and it is addressed first to Job’s friends and then to Job. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]]) The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. His attitude is not too different from Job’s friends. Special concepts in this chapter Yahweh’s justice This chapter focuses on the justice of Yahweh. It is important to remember that justice won’t always come in this life. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
2085	36:2	h1hx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of explaining things to Job as if he were going to show those things to Job. Alternate translation: “I will explain some things to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2086	36:3	c3pd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of having knowledge of many different subjects as if it were getting his knowledge from far away places. Alternate translation: “I will show you my great knowledge” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2087	36:3	u4g9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	Here the word “righteousness” can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: “that my Maker is righteous” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2088	36:4	sqx3		“what I say will not be false”
2089	36:4	br1k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The word “someone” refers to Elihu himself. He speaks of being very knowledgeable as if it were being mature in knowledge. Alternate translation: “I, who am with you, am very knowledgeable” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2090	36:5	z14c		“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
2091	36:5	j9ct	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	The phrase “mighty in strength” forms a doublet that means “very strong.” Elihu speaks of God understanding everything perfectly as if his understanding were very strong. Alternate translation: “he is very strong in understanding” or “he understands everything completely” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2092	36:7	q9mj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of God protecting righteous people as if God were watching them with his eyes, and of God ceasing to protect them as if he withdrew his eyes from them. Alternate translation: “He does not stop protecting the righteous people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2093	36:7	yc6f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of God honoring the righteous people as if God were causing them to sit on thrones like kings do. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2094	36:7	x6yz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of God honoring the righteous people as if he lifted them up to a high place. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he lifts them up” or “he honors them” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2095	36:8	a6cw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	Here the word “they” refers righteous people whom God will discipline if they sin. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If someone binds them in chains” or “If someone makes them a prisoner” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2096	36:8	f3xm	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of a person being made to suffer as if that person were trapped in ropes that cause suffering. Alternate translation: “someone causes them to suffer” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2097	36:9	qj2k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “he reveals to them their transgressions and their pride” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2098	36:10	i8aj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of causing a person to listen as if it were opening that person’s ear. Alternate translation: “He also causes them to listen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2099	36:10	gn8h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The noun “instruction” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “to what he is instructing them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2100	36:10	emb8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of stopping an action as if it were turning back from it. Alternate translation: “to stop committing iniquity” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2101	36:11	hx9k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The words “days” and “years” both refer to the person’s lifetime. Alternate translation: “they will spend their lives in prosperity and contentment” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2102	36:12	q2nz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of a person dying violently as if someone had killed them with a sword. Alternate translation: “they will die a violent death” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2103	36:13	j1gi	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the word “heart” refers to the thoughts and emotions. The phrase may indicate that the person stubbornly refuses to trust God. Alternate translation: “who refuse to trust in God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2104	36:13	z1u5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of a person remaining angry as if that person stored up their anger like one would store up treasure. Alternate translation: “are always angry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2105	36:13	a4sw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of God disciplining people as if God were tying them up with ropes. Alternate translation: “even when God punishes them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2106	36:14	ny42		Here “cultic prostitutes” refers to young men who served in pagan temples performing sexually immoral acts as part of their rituals. Possible meanings for this phrase are (1) the godless die because of their immoral behavior or (2) the godless die in shame and disgrace.
2107	36:15	wt6t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of God causing a person to listen as if God were opening their ears. See how you translated this in Job 36:10. Alternate translation: “he causes them to listen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2108	36:16	h4g2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of living without trouble as if it were being in a wide-open space where there were no hardships. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2109	36:16	qjt9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of living prosperously as if it were having one’s table filled with the best foods. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2110	36:16	yn9l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “your servants would set your table” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2111	36:16	pw88	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Meat that had plenty of fat on it was a sign of prosperity because the animals were healthy and well-fed. Alternate translation: “the very best food” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2112	36:17	ybk9		Possible meanings are (1) “God is punishing you as he would punish the wicked” or (2) “you are obsessed with the judgment that the wicked deserve.”
2113	36:17	ji7m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Elihu speaks of God judging Job and giving him justice as if judgment and justice were people that have laid hold of Job. Alternate translation: “God has brought you to judgment and given you justice” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2114	36:18	mp6j		Some versions of the Bible translate this as “Beware that you are not enticed by wealth.”
2115	36:19	m4pr	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu asks these questions to state that money and power will not be able to help Job if he acts unjustly. Alternate translation: “Your wealth cannot cause you to no longer be in distress, and all the force of your strength cannot help you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2116	36:19	z8pw		“all of your great strength” or “all of your mighty efforts”
2117	36:20	q5v5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Possible meanings are (1) that “peoples” refers to people in general and “cut off in their place” is a metaphor for oppressing others by dragging them away from their homes. Alternate translation: “when people drag others away from their homes” or (2) that “peoples” represents nations and “cut off in their place” is a metaphor for nations being destroyed. Alternate translation: “when nations will perish” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2118	36:21	qhr8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God is testing you by making you suffer” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2119	36:22	c7mn		“You know this already: God”
2120	36:22	x4qx		Possible meanings are (1) “God is extremely powerful” or (2) “people exalt God because he is powerful”
2121	36:22	ay6d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one is a teacher like God. Alternate translation: “no one is a teacher like him.” or “no one teaches like he does.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2122	36:23	r88v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one has ever taught God what to do. Alternate translation: “No one has ever instructed him about what he should do.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2123	36:23	tz9r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one can accuse God of having committed unrighteousness. Alternate translation: “No one can ever say to him, ‘You have committed unrighteousness.’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2124	36:25	c8rq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of people not being fully able to understand God’s deeds as if people were only able to see those deeds from far away. Alternate translation: “they do not fully understand them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2125	36:26	k1vw		“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
2126	36:26	zd6h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This refers to how long God has existed. Alternate translation: “people cannot know how long he has lived” or “people cannot know his age” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2127	36:27	z98g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The word “distills” can also mean “refine” or “filter.” Elihu describes how God turns the drops of water, or vapor, that he draws up into rain. Alternate translation: “that he turns into rain” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2128	36:29	q3k1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one can do these things. Alternate translation: “no one can understand the extensive spread of the clouds and the thunder from his hut.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2129	36:29	a4ve	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The phrase “the extensive spread” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “how the clouds spread across the sky” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2130	36:29	wh4w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of the sky as if it were a “hut” in which God lives. Alternate translation: “from the sky, where God lives” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2131	36:30	ip5f		“Look carefully and see how he spreads”
2132	36:30	e9es	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of the deep parts of the sea as if the sea were a plant and its depths were its roots. Possible meanings are (1) although the lightning causes light in the sky, the deep parts of the sea remain dark. Alternate translation: “but the depths of the sea remain dark” or (2) the lightning in the sky cause even the depths of the sea to have light. Alternate translation: “and lights up the depths of the sea” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2133	36:32	tsi9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of the lightning that storms cause as if God were holding the lightning in his hand and directing it to strike where he wills. Possible meanings are (1) that God holds the lightning bolts in his hands in order to throw them, or (2) that God hides the lightning bolts in his hands until he is ready to use them. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2134	36:33	k3qk		“The thunder caused by the lightning” or “The thunder”
2135	36:33	se83		“hear that the storm is coming”
2136	37:intro	ccm7		Job 37 General Notes Structure and formatting According to Elihu, instead of being punished for his sins, Job is sinning in the midst of these difficulties. This is a continuation of the previous chapter and the last of Elihu’s four statements, and it is addressed first to Job’s friends and then to Job. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]]) The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. His attitude is not too different from Job’s friends. Special concepts in this chapter Yahweh’s justice This chapter focuses on the justice of Yahweh. It is important to remember that justice won’t always come in this life. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
2137	37:1	mup1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of his fear. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2138	37:1	eid2		The word “this” refers to the storm in Job 36:33.
2139	37:1	nhy8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of his heart beating violently as if it were to jump out of his chest. Alternate translation: “it moves out of its place” or “it beats violently” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2140	37:2	ilg9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Elihu speaks of the thunder as if it is God’s voice. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2141	37:3	q5ea	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of the farthest places on the earth as if they were the earth’s borders. Alternate translation: “everywhere in the world” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2142	37:4	l4nh	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu continues to speak of the thunder as if it is God’s voice. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2143	37:4	x26r		“roars after the lightning”
2144	37:4	nei1		“his majestic voice”
2145	37:4	k5js	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when people hear his voice” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2146	37:6	btz3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “likewise, he says to the rain shower” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2147	37:7	y45f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here the word “hand” represents the entire person. Alternate translation: “He stops every man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2148	37:9	cpb8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	In Israel, strong wind storms blow in from the south and cold weather approaches from the north. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2149	37:9	j84c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of the storm blowing in from the south as if the storm has a place where it resides until it comes. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2150	37:10	u9mk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of the cold north wind as if it were God’s breath. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God’s breath makes ice” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2151	37:10	dc5f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Elihu compares the hardness of ice to the hardness of metal. Alternate translation: “frozen, as hard as metal” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2152	37:11	gl6n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of God causing the storm clouds to be full of water as if the moisture weighed heavily on the clouds. Alternate translation: “he causes the thick clouds to be full of moisture” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2153	37:13	it32	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The word “correction” can be translated with a verbal phrase. The object of his “correction” is people. Alternate translation: “sometimes it happens to correct his people” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2154	37:13	mjf4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that the rain waters the ground and causes vegetation to grow. Alternate translation: “sometimes to water the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2155	37:13	uep4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “sometimes to act faithfully to his covenant” or “sometimes to be faithful to his people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2156	37:15	ch2b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu asks this question to emphasize that Job cannot know this. Alternate translation: “You cannot understand how God establishes the clouds and makes the lightning bolts to flash in them.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2157	37:15	cbz2		“controls the clouds” or “makes the clouds obey him”
2158	37:16	w6jd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu asks this question to emphasize that Job does not know these things. Alternate translation: “You do not understand the floating of the clouds, the marvelous deeds of God, who is perfect in knowledge.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2159	37:16	z95q		“how the clouds float”
2160	37:16	s2ui	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “or do you understand the marvelous deeds of God” or “and you do not understand the marvelous deeds of God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2161	37:17	a6f1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu asks this question to emphasize that Job does not know these things. Alternate translation: “You do not understand how your garments become hot … from the south.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2162	37:17	hy96		“how you become hot in your clothes” or “how you sweat in your clothes”
2163	37:17	r98k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	In Israel, hot winds blow in across the desert from the south and cause hot temperatures. Alternate translation: “because of the hot, dry wind blowing in from the south” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2164	37:18	zlb7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu asks this question to emphasize that Job cannot do this. Alternate translation: “You cannot spread out the sky … a mirror of cast metal.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2165	37:18	c2kf	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	In biblical days, mirrors were made of metal. Elihu speaks of the sky giving no rain as if it were as hard as solid metal. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2166	37:18	ww4s		This refers to metal that is melted, poured into a mold, and then hardens as it cools.
2167	37:19	s7ig	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive	Here the words “us” and “we” refer to Elihu, Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar, but not to Job. Elihu uses this phrase sarcastically. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
2168	37:19	q3st	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of the inability to understand as if it were having darkness in one’s mind. Alternate translation: “because we do not understand” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2169	37:20	z1tr	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one can do this. Alternate translation: “I cannot have someone tell him that I wish to speak with him.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2170	37:20	fp7n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Should I have someone tell him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2171	37:20	b2q9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Elihu asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one would want this to happen. Alternate translation: “No person would want to be swallowed up.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2172	37:20	x2hn	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Elihu speaks of a person being destroyed as if the person were swallowed up. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for God to destroy him” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2173	37:22	l64j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The word “fearsome” means that it causes fear. Elihu speaks of God’s majesty as if it were something that rests upon God. Alternate translation: “God’s majesty causes people to fear” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2174	37:23	c4sd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Possible meanings are (1) “we cannot approach him” or (2) this is a metaphor in which Elihu speaks of a person’s being unable to fully understand God as if he could not find God. Alternate translation: “we cannot comprehend him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2175	37:24	n2pv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “minds” represents the person’s thoughts. Alternate translation: “those who are wise in their own thinking” or “those who consider themselves to be wise” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2176	38:intro	bs8p		Job 38 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. Yahweh finally speaks in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Yahweh’s greatness Yahweh is far greater than any man. He is the creator of the earth, and his ways will not always be understood by men because their knowledge is always limited. Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical questions Yahweh uses a series of rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to defend his character. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2177	38:1	b53y		Here, the word “then” marks the beginning of a new part of the book. See if your language has a similar way to introduce a new scene. Alternate translation: “After all that had happened, Yahweh called.
2178	38:1	zh2u		“answered Job” or “responded to Job”
2179	38:1	zk13		“from a powerful storm”
2180	38:2	ln5m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that Job spoke of things he did not know about. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You bring darkness to my plans by means of words without knowledge.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2181	38:2	u9fl		“Who are you to bring”
2182	38:2	kw1v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	“obscures my plans” or “confuses my purposes.” How Job confuses God’s plans is spoken of as if he were making God’s plans harder to see. The abstract noun “darkness” can be translated as the verb “darkens.” Alternate translation: “darkens plans” or “makes plans hard to see” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2183	38:2	lq69		“by speaking of things about which you do not know”
2184	38:2	nng1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “knowledge” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “unknowing words” or “ignorant words” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2185	38:3	ur9i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	“tie your robe up around your waist like a man.” Men tied up their robes around their waists so that their legs could move more freely as they did heavy work. The idiom “gird up your loins like a man” means to get ready to do something involving action such as work, a contest, or a battle. Job was to prepare for the hard work of answering God. Alternate translation: “get yourself ready for hard work” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2186	38:4	k38w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh begins to challenge Job with a series of questions that emphasize he created the earth and Job did not. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2187	38:4	xgy2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Tell me where you were when I laid the foundations of the earth, if you have so much understanding” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2188	38:4	e2l4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Yahweh describes creating the earth as though he was building a structure. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2189	38:4	p418	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “understanding” can be translated as the verb “understand.” Alternate translation: “if you understand so much” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2190	38:5	y99g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Tell me who determined its dimensions, if you know” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2191	38:5	sp2s		“size”
2192	38:5	nt85	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Tell me who stretched the measuring line over it.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2193	38:5	wjp1		a rope or cord that people use to make something the right size and shape
2194	38:6	i7br	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The word “its” refers to the earth. Yahweh uses more questions to emphasize that Job could never understand how great God is. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2195	38:6	a776		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2196	38:6	i5wb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be stated in active form. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “On what did I set its foundations?” or “Tell me on what its foundations were laid.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2197	38:6	p5tv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Tell me who laid its cornerstone” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2198	38:7	r55l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job finishes the rhetorical question that begins with the words “Who laid its cornerstone” in verse 6. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2199	38:7	g3kf	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job finishes the rhetorical question that begins with the words “Who laid its cornerstone” in verse 6. This can be translated as a statement. “Tell me who laid its cornerstone when the morning stars … the sons of God shouted for joy.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2200	38:7	ql8y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	The morning stars are spoken of as singing like people sing. Possible meanings are: (1) the “morning stars” are the same as the “sons of God” in the next line or (2) “the morning stars” refer to stars in the sky. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2201	38:7	z79e		“the bright stars that shine in the morning”
2202	38:7	j365		This refers to angels, heavenly beings. See how you translated this in Job 1:6.
2203	38:7	x5id	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “joy” can be translated as the adverb “joyfully.” Alternate translation: “shouted joyfully” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2204	38:7	uc38		“because they were full of joy”
2205	38:8	nk5s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses another question to emphasize that he created the earth and Job did not. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2206	38:8	h82c		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2207	38:8	i6wl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a command. Alternate translation: “Tell me who shut up the sea … of the womb” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2208	38:8	x8t1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Yahweh compares the way that he prevented the sea from covering all of the earth to holding it back with doors. Alternate translation: “prevented the water from flooding over the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2209	38:8	txy1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Yahweh compares his creation of the sea to childbirth. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2210	38:9	un26	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This is the end of the rhetorical question that begins with the words “Who shut up” in verse 8. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2211	38:9	fhm1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a command. Alternate translation: “Tell me who shut up … when I made clouds … and thick darkness its swaddling bands.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2212	38:9	n9tt		“as clothes for the sea”
2213	38:9	zkz3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “darkness” can be translated as the adjective “dark.” Alternate translation: “made dark clouds its swaddling bands” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2214	38:9	s1lf		long pieces of cloth that people use to wrap a baby in after it is born
2215	38:10	iq3r		“I made a boundary for the sea”
2216	38:10	j829		Yahweh set a limit beyond which the sea was not allowed to cross.
2217	38:10	hyj2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Yahweh compares the way that he made a boundary for the sea to containing the sea with bars and doors. Alternate translation: “I set up its barriers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2218	38:10	b38y		long pieces of wood or metal that are used to keep a door shut
2219	38:11	hv5f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	“when I said to the sea.” Yahweh speaks to the sea as though it were a person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2220	38:11	ixn6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The words “this far” mean only as far as the boundary that Yahweh set up. Alternate translation: “You may come as far as this boundary, but no farther” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2221	38:11	iy3q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	“to the power of your waves.” The waves are spoken of as if they could have pride. The abstract noun “pride” can be translated as the adjective “proud.” Alternate translation: “to your proud waves” or “to your powerful waves” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2222	38:12	c1ks	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that he created the light of day and Job did not. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2223	38:12	b56i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh continues to challenge Job. He begins to ask a rhetorical question. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2224	38:12	hi2g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question expects a negative answer. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have never … shaken the wicked out of it.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2225	38:12	i57a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Yahweh describes the morning as being able to receive orders and know things like a person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2226	38:12	gc16		“caused the dawn to know where it belongs”
2227	38:12	q9wm		the daylight that appears in the morning sky before the sun rises
2228	38:13	zak3		This is the end of the rhetorical question that begins with the words “Have you given” in verse 12.
2229	38:13	l3k7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This is the end of the rhetorical question that begins with the words “Have you given” in verse 12. This question expects a negative answer. It can be translated as a statement. “You have never given … so that it might take hold … shaken the wicked out of it.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2230	38:13	s9db	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The light of dawn is spoken of as if it seizes the horizons of the earth. Alternate translation: “grasp the ends of the earth” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2231	38:13	m62q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The daylight is pictured as causing wicked people to leave like shaking something to remove unwanted things. Alternate translation: “shake wicked people out of the earth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2232	38:14	m9rx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	At nighttime, people cannot see clearly, but in the morning the light reveals the distinct shape of everything, just like a seal creates distinct images in clay. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2233	38:14	dn8y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Here “it” refers to the earth. This phrase has a similar meaning to the first phrase in this verse. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2234	38:15	w5i8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The morning takes away the ‘light’ of wicked people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2235	38:15	jfq3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony	The wicked consider darkness to be their light, because they do their evil deeds in the darkness and they are familiar with the darkness. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
2236	38:15	e6v7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The raised arm of the wicked represents their power and intention to do evil things, but the wicked stop doing those evil things when the morning light comes. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2237	38:16	e754	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses five questions to emphasize that he understands the earth and seas and Job does not. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2238	38:16	yt52		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2239	38:16	vy8n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have not gone to the sources of the waters of the sea.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2240	38:16	lcg5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have not walked in the lowest parts of the deep.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2241	38:16	kmu4		“the springs”
2242	38:16	jrv9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	This refers to the sea or ocean where the water is very deep. Alternate translation: “the deep sea” or “the ocean depths” or “the deep water” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
2243	38:17	a7xy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Death is spoken of as if it were a city that had gates through which people enter into it. This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “Has anyone shown the gates of death to you” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2244	38:17	g37w		See how you translated this in Job 3:5.
2245	38:18	q2iv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “You do not understand the earth in its expanse.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2246	38:18	k9n7		“the great broad places of the earth”
2247	38:18	l8zz		“if you know all about these things”
2248	38:19	kmt5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses three questions to emphasize that he understands light and darkness and Job does not. Each of these verses have two parallel phrases. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2249	38:19	z2nq		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2250	38:19	p4uw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “You do not know the way to the resting place of light or the place of darkness.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2251	38:19	q3uk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	“the dwelling of light.” Light is spoken of as having a resting place from which it comes forth each day. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2252	38:19	he61		“daylight” or “sunlight”
2253	38:20	d9pc	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	These questions expect a negative answer. They can be expressed as statements. Alternate translation: “You cannot lead light and darkness to their places of work, or find the way back to their houses for them.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2254	38:20	tyy4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	“to their territory.” Light and darkness are spoken of as being led out and back each day to accomplish Yahweh’s purposes. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2255	38:21	ca1q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony	Yahweh uses mocking irony to emphasize that Job does not understand light and darkness. Alternate translation: “It is obvious that you do not know, because you were not born when I created them, and you are not very old” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
2256	38:21	zfd6		“for you were already living then.” The word “then” refers to the time when light was created and separated from darkness. Alternate translation: “for you were already born when I created them”
2257	38:21	hy8k		“you have lived so many years”
2258	38:22	h59t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that he rules over the natural world and Job does not. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2259	38:22	w7gx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh continues to challenge Job. He bgins to ask a rhetorical question. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2260	38:22	sj2h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Snow and hail are pictured as being stored by Yahweh to do his will. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2261	38:22	q2qv		balls of ice (usually small) that sometimes fall down from the sky during a storm
2262	38:23	hve3		The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Have you entered” in verse 22 ends here.
2263	38:23	vl8g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Have you entered” in verse 22 ends here. “You have never entered the storehouses for the snow, and you have never seen the storehouses for the hail, these things that I have kept … and war.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2264	38:23	fv91		The words “these things” refer to the snow and the hail (verse 22).
2265	38:24	ctg6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	These can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “What is the path to where I distribute the lightning bolts or to where I scatter the winds from the east over the earth?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2266	38:24	auw5		“the winds are blown”
2267	38:25	q4hg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh questions Job to emphasize that he causes it to rain and thunder and Job does not. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2268	38:25	f7pp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh continues to challenge Job. He begins to ask a series of rhetorical questions. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2269	38:25	eh5t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Only I have created the channels for the floods of rain” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2270	38:25	j3xx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “and only I have made a path for the thunder” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2271	38:25	ve3k		“the torrents of rain”
2272	38:25	cd75		“a way for the rumble of thunder to be heard.”
2273	38:26	g934	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two phrases have nearly the same meaning. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2274	38:26	na1j		“where there are no people”
2275	38:27	b6m2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Who has created” in verse 25 ends here. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2276	38:27	lf5w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Who has created” in verse 25 ends here. This can be translated as a statement. “I am the one who has created … of rain, and I am the one who has made … to satisfy … sprout with grass.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2277	38:27	d9vt	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The implied information is that it is the rain that meets the needs of the land to grow grass. Alternate translation: “so that the rain can satisfy the needs of” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2278	38:27	q9sc	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys	“ruined and wasted.” These two words have nearly the same meaning and emphasize the ruined and empty nature of these regions. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
2279	38:27	v1hz		“the new grass” or “the fresh grass.” This is grass that is just starting to grow.
2280	38:27	cug4		“make the ground support new grass”
2281	38:28	t8tq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh begins a series of four questions to emphasize to Job that he makes rain, dew, ice, and frost and Job does not. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) Rain, dew, ice, and frost are spoken of as though they could be born like people are. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2282	38:28	y3ap		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2283	38:28	be1t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	These can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “Tell me who the rain’s father is, and tell me who has become the father of the drops of dew.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2284	38:28	geg1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Becoming the father of the dew is a metaphor for creating it. Alternate translation: “causes the drops of dew to exist” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2285	38:29	gw3s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	These can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “Tell me whose womb the ice came out of. Tell me who bore the white frost out of the sky.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2286	38:29	fm77		“frozen water”
2287	38:29	l9y4		“gave birth to”
2288	38:29	qu6n		dew that freezes on the ground on cold, clear nights
2289	38:30	jjp9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	The waters are spoken of as being able to hide. During the winter the ice hides the water underneath it. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
2290	38:30	iw86	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	The hardness of ice is spoken of as if it was stone. Alternate translation: “become hard like stone” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2291	38:30	cul4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	This refers to the sea or ocean where the water is very deep. Alternate translation: “the deep sea” or “the ocean depths” or “the deep water” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
2292	38:31	l2s5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses five questions to emphasize to Job that he rules the heavens and Job does not. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2293	38:31	w86h		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2294	38:31	rik8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	These can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “You cannot fasten chains on the Pleiades, and you cannot undo the cords of Orion.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2295	38:31	kqa9		“bind chains onto” or “tie the bonds of”
2296	38:31	p1ai		These are the names of constellations. See how you translated them in Job 9:9.
2297	38:31	wb4a		“loosen the cords that hold Orion”
2298	38:32	n1r3		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2299	38:32	ys38	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	These rhetorical questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “You cannot lead the constellations … proper times. You cannot guide … children.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2300	38:32	lrw6		groups of stars that seem like they form a particular shape in the sky
2301	38:32	qx9k		“so that they appear at the right time”
2302	38:32	x8g2		This is the name of a constellation. Translate as in Job 9:9.
2303	38:32	a6br		“its cubs”
2304	38:33	y4fp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	These can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “You do not know the regulations of the sky? You could not set in place the sky’s rule over the earth.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2305	38:34	i5q7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses two questions to emphasize to Job that he rules the rain clouds and lightning and Job does not. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2306	38:34	mq7j		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2307	38:34	tca5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	These can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “You cannot raise … may cover you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2308	38:34	yh4f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “abundance” can be translated as the adjective “abundant.” Alternate translation: “an abundant amount of rainwater” or “a flood of waters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2309	38:35	na4p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	These can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “You cannot send out you, ‘Here we are!’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2310	38:35	z4cb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	The lightning bolts are spoken of as servants saying they are ready to follow commands. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2311	38:36	a9d6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses three questions to emphasize to Job that he rules the clouds and rain and Job does not. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2312	38:36	sx1r		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2313	38:36	h7ay	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	These questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “I am the one who has put wisdom in the clouds and given understanding to the mists.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2314	38:36	sfx3		“has given wisdom to the clouds”
2315	38:37	pv86	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	A rhetorical question begins here. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2316	38:37	qju4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am the one who can pour out the water skins of the sky.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2317	38:37	w7u7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	These are skins that people sew together so that they can hold water. Yahweh refers to the thick clouds as “waters skins” because they hold much water just like water skins. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2318	38:38	hj6z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Who can pour out” in verse 37 ends here. “Only I can pour out … when the dust runs … tightly together.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2319	38:38	qh39	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	The rain makes the loose dry dirt stick together like one piece of dirt. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when the rain molds the dirt into a hard mass” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2320	38:38	njw9		“the lumps of soil stick together”
2321	38:39	s331	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that he knows how to feed the lions and Job does not. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2322	38:39	hqx6		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2323	38:39	f7aw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know that you cannot hunt down a victim for a lioness or satisfy the appetite of her young lion cubs” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2324	38:39	y8rn		“prey.” This is an animal that a lion could eat.
2325	38:39	i376		This is a female lion.
2326	38:39	n1pj		hunger
2327	38:39	j1aw		“of young lions.” These are young lions that are old enough to hunt for themselves.
2328	38:40	awl8		The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Can you hunt” in verse 39 ends here.
2329	38:40	yb24	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Can you hunt” in verse 39 ends here. This can be translated as a statement. “You know that you cannot hunt down … when they are crouching … to lie in wait.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2330	38:40	hu7v		A “den” is a lair or shelter where lions live.
2331	38:40	g23n		“hiding in a thicket.” Lions hide in thick vegetation when hunting their prey.
2332	38:40	fx6l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The implied information is that the lions are hiding and waiting for their prey to come near. Alternate translation: “to lie waiting for a victim” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2333	38:41	t9jb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that he provides food for the ravens and Job does not. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2334	38:41	u1rq		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2335	38:41	sxy9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Tell me who provides victims … for lack of food.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2336	38:41	f3g8		“provides food.” This refers to animals that ravens look for and can eat.
2337	38:41	hc2b		large birds with shiny black feathers that feed on dead animals
2338	38:41	y9ey	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The implied information is that the ravens are crying out for food. Alternate translation: “cry to God for help” or “cry out for God to give them food” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2339	38:41	nde9		This means to walk around in an unsteady way.
2340	38:41	i8kr		“because they have no food” or “because they have nothing to eat”
2341	39:intro	l9e1		Job 39 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. Yahweh continues to speak in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Yahweh’s greatness Yahweh is far greater than any man. He is the creator of the earth, and his ways will not always be understood by men because their knowledge is always limited. Since Job cannot understand creation, he cannot truly understand Yahweh. Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical questions Yahweh uses a series of rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to defend his character. Many of these questions focus on nature because Yahweh is the creator of the heavens and the earth. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]])
2342	39:1	b1wa	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses four questions to emphasize that he is greater than Job because Yahweh takes care of the wild mountain goats and deer and Job does not. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2343	39:1	sw6i		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2344	39:1	m8kw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Surely you do not know when … bear their young!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2345	39:1	d7nh	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are not able to watch to make sure everything goes well when the deer give birth to their fawns!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2346	39:1	j6ic		“give birth to their fawns”
2347	39:2	phe5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You cannot count the months that they are pregnant.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2348	39:2	nrm8		“to complete their pregnancy”
2349	39:2	w95t		The word “they” refers to the goats and the deer.
2350	39:2	w3w9		“are pregnant”
2351	39:2	txy4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Of course you do not know when they give birth to their young.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2352	39:3	sq9c		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2353	39:3	uj6h		The word “They” refers to the wild mountain goats and the deer.
2354	39:3	rvs4		“give birth to their offspring”
2355	39:3	n62w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Possible meanings are (1) their labor pains are over when the birth is finished or (2) “labor pains” is a metonym that refers to the offspring of the goats and deer because they are the result of the mother’s labor and pain. Alternate translation: “send out their offspring from their womb” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2356	39:4	wey9		“the countryside” or “the wild”
2357	39:4	v8ps		“do not come back to them” or “do not come back to their mothers”
2358	39:5	p64r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses two questions to emphasize that he is greater than Job because Yahweh takes care of the wild donkeys and Job does not. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2359	39:5	g9xs		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2360	39:5	twv9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am the one who let the wild donkey go free.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2361	39:5	x4tg		These are different names for the same kind of donkey.
2362	39:5	mg7f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am the one who untied the bonds of the swift donkey” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2363	39:5	pp7e		ropes, chains, or straps that hold an animal and keep it from running away
2364	39:6	dku4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Who has untied” in verse 5 ends here. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2365	39:6	z26m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Who has untied” in verse 5 ends here. This can be translated as a statement. “I am the one who has untied … whose home I have made in the Arabah, his house in the salt land.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2366	39:6	qyi5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Yahweh describes the donkey as though he were a person that had a house. “I gave him the Arabah as a place to live” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2367	39:6	hfq8		the land around the Salt Sea that has a lot of salt in it
2368	39:7	b9s6		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2369	39:7	j9rx		The word “He” refers to the wild donkey.
2370	39:7	m4ln	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Yahweh describes the donkey as though he were a person. The donkey laughs because those in the city have to hear loud noise, but he lives in a quiet place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2371	39:7	rpn6		someone who forces an animal to work
2372	39:8	t3sa		places where animals can eat plants growing in the field
2373	39:9	u4vx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Here Yahweh uses four questions to emphasize that Job is not like Yahweh because Job cannot control the wild ox. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2374	39:9	s6zs		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2375	39:9	ss2c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “The wild ox will not be happy to serve you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2376	39:9	yl5m		Possible meanings are (1) a type of ox that used to live in the wild or (2) some kind of buffalo that looked like oxen.
2377	39:9	f9tw		“be willing”
2378	39:9	v7dg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “He will not consent to stay by your manger.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2379	39:9	t1u5		“stay by your manger through the night”
2380	39:9	sgz6		something that holds food so that animals can eat it
2381	39:10	iqy5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You cannot control the wild ox with a rope in order to plow furrows in your fields.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2382	39:10	mt1p		Farmers would tie ropes to animals’ heads or necks in order to lead them.
2383	39:10	gny8		These are long channels made in the dirt while plowing. See how you translated this in Job 31:38.
2384	39:10	g8w9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “He will never harrow the valleys as he follows after you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2385	39:10	uq7t		to smooth and break up the soil
2386	39:11	b4gj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Here Yahweh uses three questions to continue his argument that Job is not like Yahweh because Job cannot control the wild ox. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2387	39:11	epz6		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2388	39:11	au79	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You cannot trust him because his strength is great.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2389	39:11	zx9v		The word “him” refers to the “wild ox.”
2390	39:11	cgj2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You will not be able to make him do your work for you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2391	39:11	f3u1		“have him do your hard work for you”
2392	39:12	ht1z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	These two clauses basically mean the same thing. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You will not be able to depend on him … grain for your threshing floor.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2393	39:13	g5i9		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2394	39:13	xrh3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that Job cannot explain why ostriches behave the way they do. Alternate translation: “You do not know whether the pinions and plumage of the ostrich represent love when they wave their wings proudly.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2395	39:13	c9hc		a very large bird that can run very fast but cannot fly
2396	39:13	k698		“move with joy”
2397	39:13	b62x		the very long feathers on the wings of birds
2398	39:13	y8q9		the smaller feathers that cover the body of a bird
2399	39:13	a7t4		The Hebrew word is uncertain. Possible meanings are (1) “of faithfulness” or (2) “of a stork.” The name of the stork meant “the faithful one” or “the loving one” because people knew that storks take very good care of their chicks.
2400	39:14	ix8t		“on the ground”
2401	39:15	eg2i		The word “them” refers to the eggs.
2402	39:15	p8ek		“step on them”
2403	39:16	n7gh		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2404	39:16	dn58		The word “She” refers to the female ostrich.
2405	39:16	u9gc		the work that she does when she lays the eggs
2406	39:16	uqn1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	If the chicks die, all of her work was useless. Alternate translation: “might have been useless if the chicks die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2407	39:17	jm95		“made her forget wisdom” or “not given her wisdom”
2408	39:17	c8hu		See how you translated this in Job 11:6.
2409	39:18	bd6w		This verse is in contrast to her weakness in caring for her chicks. Alternate translation: “However, when she runs”
2410	39:18	y8sh	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It is implied that she laughs because she is faster than the horse. Alternate translation: “she laughs … its rider because she can run faster than the horse” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2411	39:19	j9tb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses three questions to emphasize that Job is not like Yahweh because Job cannot control the wild horse. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2412	39:19	ma5j		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2413	39:19	jg2w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have never given the horse his strength.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2414	39:19	sul3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You cannot clothe his neck with his flowing mane.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2415	39:19	z5th	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The horse’s “mane” is spoken of as if it was clothing for the neck of the horse. Alternate translation: “made his flowing main to cover his neck like clothes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2416	39:19	j215		the long hair on the top of the neck of a horse
2417	39:20	lpb2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are not able to make him jump like a locust.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2418	39:20	ul5g		a large kind of grasshopper that can jump very far and very quickly
2419	39:20	mh2c		a very loud sound that horses make with their nose
2420	39:21	c17t		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2421	39:21	gcq9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The word “He” refers to the horse. The horse paws the ground because he is very excited to begin the fight. Alternate translation: “He paws with excitement and” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2422	39:21	nvw4		“digs at the ground with his hooves”
2423	39:21	k6rc	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “the weapons” represent the battle in which they are used. Alternate translation: “to join in the battle” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2424	39:22	vse1		“He is not afraid at all”
2425	39:22	juq5		“laughs at”
2426	39:22	qlb7		discouraged
2427	39:22	uk9z		“does not run away”
2428	39:23	cvi2		a container that holds arrows
2429	39:23	ldn9		shakes and makes noise
2430	39:23	i34d		the side of a horse
2431	39:23	q76b		a long stick with a sharp end that people throw at their enemies
2432	39:24	r5sq		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2433	39:24	frz2		The word “He” refers to the horse.
2434	39:24	sh13	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The horse runs over the ground so quickly that the ground passes by like water that a person drinks. Alternate translation: “runs very fast over the ground” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2435	39:24	bkv1		The horse is very excited, so he moves quickly and strongly.
2436	39:24	kx1q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It can be stated that someone blows the trumpet. Alternate translation: “when someone blows a trumpet to announce that a battle has begun” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2437	39:24	yf1b		“he is too excited to stand still”
2438	39:25	q35d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	The word “Aha” is a sound people make when they discover something. The horse makes a sound because he has discovered the battle. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2439	39:25	nry6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It is implied that the horse hears these things. Alternate translation: “he hears the thunderous shouts” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2440	39:25	i8r5		“the battle cries.” People have special shouts that they use in war to show their great strength and bravery and to scare the enemy.
2441	39:26	i2wf		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2442	39:26	e41g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses this question to prove that Job is not as great as Yahweh. The implicit answer to this question is “no.” Alternate translation: “It is not by your wisdom … for the south.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2443	39:26	rx7s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the stretching out of his wings refers to flying. Alternate translation: “flies to the south” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2444	39:26	ckg8		In the biblical geography, birds fly south during the winter in order to live in warmer climates.
2445	39:27	bv18		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2446	39:27	qk6s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses this question to prove that Job is not powerful enough to command the eagles. The implicit answer to this question is “no.” Alternate translation: “You are not able to command the eagle to mount up and build his nest in high places.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2447	39:27	cd7k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “orders” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “because you tell it to do so” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2448	39:27	cz3r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means he flies upward. Alternate translation: “flies up into the sky” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2449	39:28	u8qm		The high cliffs are strongholds for eagles because the animals that would want to eat them cannot reach them.
2450	39:29	ps15		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2451	39:29	ak87		Here the word “he” refers to the eagle.
2452	39:29	e6kd		“for animals that he can kill and eat”
2453	39:29	t32l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “his eyes” refer to the eagle. Alternate translation: “he sees them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2454	39:30	e2b5		“The baby eagles.” It may be helpful to state that this happens after the eagle kills and animal. Alternate translation: “After an eagle kills an animal, the baby eagles”
2455	39:30	s29l		“drink the blood of the animal that he killed”
2456	39:30	iv5j		“where there are dead people.” This phrase refers to dead bodies that are lying out in the open, not to bodies that are buried in the ground.
2457	39:30	nx3p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It can be made explicit that he comes to eat the dead bodies. Alternate translation: “he is there to eat them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2458	40:intro	k9mj		Job 40 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers, or songs. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of 40:1-2, 4-5, 7-24, which are extended quotations of Job and Yahweh, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. Special concepts in this chapter Job’s righteousness In seeking to defend his own righteousness, Job accuses Yahweh of being unjust. Yahweh asks a very important question: “Will you condemn me so you may claim you are right?” This is the essence of Job’s error. Important figures of speech in this chapter Irony Yahweh states, “He who argues with God, let him answer.” Job immediately answers him. This is irony. While Job is forced to acknowledge the power of Yahweh, he does not repent of his former statements. Because of this, Yahweh asks him more questions. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Animals There are several animals mentioned in this chapter that do not exist and may never have existed. It may be necessary to leave these names untranslated or to translate their names as adjectives.
2459	40:1	jlf1		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2460	40:2	kpm1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh is rebuking Job. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one who wants to criticize me should try to argue with me, for I am Almighty God.” or “You, a person, want to criticize me, Almighty God, but you should not try to correct me.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2461	40:2	p78z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns	Yahweh speaks of Job and himself as if they were two other people to remind Job that no person anywhere should argue with God. Alternate translation: “You want to argue with me, so answer me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
2462	40:4	hez5		“You are right when you say that I am” or “Look at me and you will see that I am”
2463	40:4	ymc5		“I am not important”
2464	40:4	q9w7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Job uses this question to apologize for questioning God. Alternate translation: “I cannot answer you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2465	40:7	t5gf	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	A man who tucks his robe up under his sash or belt is preparing for hard physical work, and Job was to prepare for the hard work of answering God. See how you translated this in Job 38:3. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2466	40:8	piw2		Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
2467	40:8	q5c9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The word “actually” indicates that Yahweh is surprised that Job would say that Yahweh is unjust and that Job should make sure that he really wants to say that. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am surprised that you are saying I am unjust.” or “You should be sure that you want to say that I am unjust, because that is what you are saying.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2468	40:8	fj3l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are condemning me so you can claim that you are innocent.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2469	40:9	zc8k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	The arm is a metonym for the strength in the arm. Alternate translation: “strength like God’s strength” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2470	40:9	h8v3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You certainly cannot cause thunder with your voice the way God does with his.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2471	40:9	bf69		“a voice the way he does” or “a voice like his voice”
2472	40:10	tc7m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The abstract nouns “glory,” “dignity,” “honor,” and “majesty” are spoken of as if they were clothing that a person could put on. They can be translated as adjectives and verbs. Alternate translation: “make yourself glorious; do something great so people will respect you and honor you; make people think you are a great king” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2473	40:11	ec11	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The abstract noun “anger” is spoken of as if it were something that usually could be held in a container, but in this situation there is so much of it that what does not fit needs to be spread around. It is also a metonym for the actions a person takes when he is angry. You may need to make explicit why the person is angry. Alternate translation: “Be angry because people are proud, and punish them” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2474	40:11	vj9f		“take away everything he is proud of”
2475	40:13	se3t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The “face” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2476	40:13	y16q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	a euphemism for the place where people’s spirits go when they die (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2477	40:15	t3an		a large water animal, possibly the hippopotamus
2478	40:15	zzb3		the behemoth eats
2479	40:15	h3k4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Both the behemoth and the ox eat grass. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2480	40:16	utj1		These two phrases refer to the same part of the body.
2481	40:17	t5ej	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Cedar is a very hard wood, and his tail becomes very hard. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2482	40:18	g8sh	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Here, his bones are compared to tubes made of bronze to show how tough this animal is. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2483	40:18	v226	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	This last comparison describes the strength of this great animal. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2484	40:19	kd2r		“most important of the creatures” or “strongest of the creatures”
2485	40:19	c5rb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns	Yahweh speaks as if he were another person. Alternate translation: “of my creatures. Only I, God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
2486	40:20	f3ru	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	The hills are spoken of as if they were people capable of giving him food. Alternate translation: “food grows on the hills for him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2487	40:21	h567		flowering plants that float on the water in swampy areas
2488	40:21	uth5		tall grasses found in swamps or marshes
2489	40:22	y4zd		flowering plants that float on the water in swampy areas. See how you translated this in Job 40:19.
2490	40:22	k86u		Willows are large trees that grow in damp ground. If they are unknown in your culture, you can use a general term for trees that grow near water.
2491	40:23	vbe3		sides of the river
2492	40:23	x8nv		“even if the flood of the Jordan should come up to his mouth”
2493	40:24	uyb7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one can capture him with a hook or pierce his nose through with a snare.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2494	41:intro	et13		Job 41 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers, or songs. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of this chapter, which is an extended quotation of Yahweh, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. It is a continuation of the previous chapter. Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical questions Yahweh uses a series of rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to defend his character and to convince Job to repent. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Animals There are several animals mentioned in this chapter that do not exist and may never have existed. It may be necessary to leave these names untranslated or to translate their names as adjectives.
2495	41:1	hgy7		God continues speaking. He is using many rhetorical questions to challenge Job.
2496	41:1	tg8a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	God uses this question to remind Job that Job is not powerful like Leviathan. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know that you cannot draw out Leviathan with a fishhook.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2497	41:1	f9dw		pull out of the water
2498	41:1	li7c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	The words “can you” are understood from the previous question. They can be repeated here. God uses this question to remind Job that Job is not powerful like Leviathan. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Or can you tie up his jaws with a cord?” or “And you know that you cannot tie up his jaws with a cord.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2499	41:1	t8j2		Leviathan’s jaws
2500	41:2	y88e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	God uses this question to remind Job that Job is not powerful like Leviathan. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know that you cannot put a rope into Leviathan’s nose … with a hook.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2501	41:3	f3f9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	God uses this question to remind Job that Job is not powerful like Leviathan. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know that he will not make pleas to you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2502	41:3	sz4n		Leviathan
2503	41:3	d9dm	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	God uses this question to remind Job that Job is not powerful like Leviathan. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know that he will not speak soft words to you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2504	41:4	bmh5		Yahweh continues to rebuke Job. He uses rhetorical questions to remind Job that Job is not powerful like Leviathan.
2505	41:4	lt8s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know that he will not make a covenant with you, that you should take him for a servant forever.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2506	41:4	k4da		The words “he” and “him” refer to Leviathan.
2507	41:5	d2ev	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know that you cannot play with him as you would play with a bird.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2508	41:5	kt39	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know that you cannot tie him up for your servant girls.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2509	41:6	al1q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know that the groups of fishermen will not bargain for him.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2510	41:6	s28m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know that they will not divide him up to trade among the merchants.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2511	41:6	z2rx		“Will the groups of fishermen divide”
2512	41:7	j9ni		Yahweh continues to rebuke Job. He uses rhetorical questions to remind Job that Job is not powerful like Leviathan.
2513	41:7	j5dm	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You cannot pierce his skin with your hunting weapons, nor can you pierce his head with fishing spears.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2514	41:7	ymn4		Leviathan’s
2515	41:7	g9bk		large spears with barbed points that people use to hunt large sea creatures
2516	41:8	y27l		Leviathan
2517	41:9	pg91		“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.”
2518	41:9	s2he	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This generalization can be translated as a statement in active form. Alternate translation: “Anyone who looks at him will be so frightened that he will throw himself on the ground.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2519	41:9	x9zn		“by looking at him” or “by seeing him”
2520	41:10	jk4f		Yahweh continues to rebuke Job by asking him rhetorical questions. He uses rhetorical questions to remind Job that Yahweh is much more powerful than both Leviathan and Job.
2521	41:10	wj5r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	It would be easier to stir up Leviathan than to stand before Yahweh. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Since you know that no person is so fierce that he dare stir Leviathan up, you should certainly know that no one can stand before me.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2522	41:11	s27e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know that no one has first given anything to me, so there is no one whom I need to repay.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2523	41:12	pqy2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	This can be translated in positive form. Alternate translation: “I will certainly speak about … and about … and about” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
2524	41:12	c6dk		These are three things about which God will not keep silent.
2525	41:12	x2pd		The word “his” refers to Leviathan.
2526	41:13	ppr4		Yahweh continues to rebuke Job by asking him rhetorical questions.
2527	41:13	fp4x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one can strip off his outer clothing.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2528	41:13	xw7s		Leviathan’s
2529	41:13	r6zd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The word “armor” is a metaphor for the hard scales or hide on his back. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one can penetrate his very thick hide.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2530	41:14	e1dk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one can pry his jaws apart … terror.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2531	41:15	wa6c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The word “shields” is a metaphor for Leviathan’s hide. Both shields and Leviathan’s hide protect well and deflect arrows and other weapons. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2532	41:15	s54h		This means the “shields” are very close to one another and nothing can get between them.
2533	41:16	jl62		One row of shields is so near to another (Job 41:15).
2534	41:16	cs18		between the rows of shields (Job 41:15)
2535	41:17	z5wz		the rows of shields (Job 41:15).
2536	41:17	x9sg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one can pull them apart” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2537	41:18	tbj3		“when he snorts.” A snort is a sound like a short snore. Another possible meaning is “from his sneezing” or “when he sneezes.”
2538	41:18	wjz6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	This means that his eyes are red as the morning dawn is red. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2539	41:18	vs55		The word “his” refers to Leviathan.
2540	41:19	mp8p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	God expresses the same idea in two different ways in order to emphasize the terrifying appearance of Leviathan. You can make this clear by adding the omitted words. Alternate translation: “Out of his mouth go burning torches, sparks of fire leap out of his mouth” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2541	41:19	pl7d		The word “his” refers to Leviathan.
2542	41:20	pqy7		the two openings of the nose
2543	41:20	uk6d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Both the smoke and a boiling pot are very hot. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2544	41:21	lgl1		“causes coals to catch fire”
2545	41:22	xx91		The words “his” and “him” refer to Leviathan.
2546	41:22	lw67	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “terror” can be translated as the verb “be afraid.” Alternate translation: “when people see him coming, they are very afraid” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2547	41:23	uak5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one can move them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2548	41:24	b1b7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	A rock or stone does not change and become soft. Possible meanings are (1) Leviathan’s physical chest and the organs inside it are physically hard or (2) Leviathan is not afraid of anything or (3) Leviathan is spoken of as a person who kills without ever being sorry. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2549	41:24	ja7y		“the hardest of rocks.” The lower millstone is the larger and harder of the two rocks used to grind grain. It would be the hardest rock people could find.
2550	41:25	u1vw		Leviathan
2551	41:25	ygt1		Possible meanings are (1) “mighty people” or (2) “very strong people” .
2552	41:26	m7ws		strikes Leviathan
2553	41:27	hml3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	“He thinks of weapons made of iron as if they were weapons made of straw.” Straw would not get through his hide, and iron weapons do not get through his hide. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2554	41:27	uu6e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	You can make this clear by adding the omitted words. Alternate translation: “he thinks of weapons made of bronze as if they were weapons made of rotten wood” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2555	41:28	jl4x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Chaff cannot hurt Leviathan, and sling stones are just as ineffective as chaff. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2556	41:28	w7pl		Leviathan
2557	41:29	zzu4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	A club made of straw would not hurt him, and a club made of wood would not hurt him. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “He thinks of clubs as if they were straw” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2558	41:29	yn7y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	The person throwing the spear hopes that the spear will kill Leviathan, but the writer speaks as if Leviathan knows the spear will not kill him and so laughs. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2559	41:29	rx15		Leviathan laughs
2560	41:30	jdd9		These words refer to Leviathan.
2561	41:30	sy31	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Just as a threshing sledge goes over grain on a threshing floor and turns it to powder, so Leviathan’s tail leaves a trail in the mud as he wags it when he walks. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2562	41:31	p2f1		“As he passes through the water, he leaves a trail of bubbles behind him, like the bubbling of boiling water in a pot”
2563	41:31	bj7m		The word “he” refers to Leviathan.
2564	41:31	z9pu	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	The ointment in a pot is cloudy if someone shakes it, and the sea is muddy when Leviathan swims in it. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2565	41:32	xdy6		This is because the bubbles in his wake are white.
2566	41:33	p5t9		“no other creature is like Leviathan”
2567	41:33	f5nc		Leviathan
2568	41:34	b5cm		“He is very, very proud”
2569	41:34	c959	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Leviathan is spoken of as if he were a person who is able to become king and be proud. Alternate translation: “Leviathan has more reason to be proud than anyone else on earth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2570	41:34	n88z		Leviathan
2571	42:intro	g9q6		Job 42 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers, or songs. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of 42:1-6, which is an extended quotation of Job, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. Having faced the temptation to curse Yahweh, and after being rebuked by him, in the end Job shows his complete trust in Yahweh. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/tempt]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) Special concepts in this chapter Justice Yahweh enacts justice at the end of this book. He punishes Job’s friends and restores Job’s blessings. Yahweh’s blessing was not dependent upon Job’s repentance, but upon Yahweh’s grace. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]], [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]], [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]])
2572	42:2	bdu3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	You may want to repeat the words “I know.” Alternate translation: “I know that you can do all things. I know that no purpose of yours can be stopped” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2573	42:2	wu37	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one can stop any of your plans” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2574	42:3	b75d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The ULT and most modern versions agree that Job is loosely quoting God’s own words from Job 38:2. You may decide, as does the UST, to make it clear that God asked this question of Job and that Job is now remembering it. Alternate translation: “You said to me, ‘Who is this” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2575	42:3	en66	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	That is, hides or misrepresents God’s plans. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2576	42:5	gp4a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents understanding. Alternate translation: “but now I really understand you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2577	42:6	y9x9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Job’s self is a metonym for what he said. Alternate translation: “I despise the things I said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2578	42:6	d1wv		intensely dislike
2579	42:6	p13d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	Sitting in dust and ashes is a symbolic act showing the person is sorry. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
2580	42:7	bj1v		This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
2581	42:7	izh1		See how you translated this man’s name in Job 2:11
2582	42:7	snw3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Fire is a metaphor for anger, and starting a fire is a metaphor for becoming angry. Alternate translation: “I have become very angry with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2583	42:8	fh9u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“7 bulls” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2584	42:8	vy3t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “folly” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “even though you have been very foolish, I will not punish you as you deserve” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2585	42:9	h2t8		See how you translated this man’s name in Job 2:11
2586	42:9	tm97		See how you translated this man’s name in Job 2:11
2587	42:9	l5p5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The person is a metonym for the prayer he prays. Alternate translation: “God accepted Job’s prayer for his three friends” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2588	42:10	khw7		“Yahweh restored his riches” or “Yahweh restored his wealth”
2589	42:11	nlf5		“all the people he had known before”
2590	42:12	bw3a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	The words “he blesed” and “of Job’s life” are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated here Alternate translation: “more than he blessed the first part of Job’s life” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2591	42:12	ud3i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	14,000 sheep (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2592	42:12	qax5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	6,000 camels (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2593	42:12	g7yp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	1,000 yoke of oxen (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2594	42:13	z7x9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	7 sons and 3 daughters (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2595	42:14	xd1h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	women’s names (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2596	42:15	l9nw		“Job’s daughters were more beautiful than all the other women”
2597	42:16	s5ni	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“lived 140 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2598	42:17	d827	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	The words “full of days” means basically the same thing as “being old.” The two phrases form a common idiom. Alternate translation: “a very old man” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

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Introduction to Job

Part 1: General Introduction

Outline of Job

What is the Book of Job about?

How should the title of this book be translated?

Who wrote the Book of Job?

Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts

Does sin cause suffering?

Were Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar really Job’s friends?

When did the events in the Book of Job take place?

Part 3: Important Translation Issues

What style of writing is in the Book of Job?

Is the Book of Job difficult to translate?

Job 01 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Wealth

Feasts

Job’s faith

Job 02 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Job 03 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Rhetorical questions

Job 04 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Eliphaz’s advice

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Rhetorical questions

Job 05 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Eliphaz’s advice

Sickness and sin

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Rhetorical questions

Job 06 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Job’s righteousness

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Metaphors

Rhetorical questions

Job 07 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Job’s righteousness

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Metaphors

Rhetorical questions

Job 08 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Bildad’s advice

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Rhetorical questions

Job 09 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Job’s righteousness and Yahweh’s power

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Metaphors

Rhetorical questions

Job 10 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Job’s righteousness

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Rhetorical questions

Job 11 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Zophar’s advice

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Rhetorical questions

Job 12 General Notes

Structure and formatting

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