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front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n\n### Outline of Deuteronomy\n\n1. Moses reminds Israel of how Yahweh guided them through the wilderness (1:1–3:29)\n1. Moses appeals for Israel to obey the law of Yahweh (4:1–43)\n1. The Ten Commandments (5:1–10:22)\n1. Rules and warnings from the Law (11:1–26:19)\n1. Instructions for entering Canaan (27:1–26)\n1. Blessings for obeying and curses for disobeying (28:1-68)\n1. The covenant renewed (29:1-30:20)\n1. Last words of Moses, the Song of Moses, and his death (31:1–34:12)\n\n\n### What is the Book of Deuteronomy about?\n\nIn the book of Deuteronomy, Moses repeats the laws of the covenant that God made with the people of Israel. The people of Israel were about to go into the Promised Land. Before they entered the land, Moses reminded them of what Yahweh did for them and what he expected from them. Moses warned the people about worshipping idols and no longer trusting Yahweh once they settled in the Promised Land. Yahweh promised to judge those who disobey him and to bless those who obey his Law. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])\n\n### How should the title of this book be translated?\n\nThe name “Deuteronomy” means “Second Law” or “the retelling of the Law.” Translators may decide on a title such as, “A Repeat of the Law” or “Moses Explains the Law Again.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])\n\n### Who wrote the Book of Deuteronomy?\n\nThe writers of both the Old and New Testament present Moses as being very involved with writing the Book of Deuteronomy. However, many scholars think that Joshua wrote chapter 34. This chapter tells how Moses died.\n\n### What are the important features of the Book of Deuteronomy?\n\nThe book contains a series of speeches that Moses gave to Israel before he died. He spoke these things just before the people entered the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])\n\n## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts\n\n### Why did Yahweh command the Israelites to completely destroy the people who lived in the Promised Land?\n\nAs God prepared the Israelites to enter the Promised Land, he commanded them to completely destroy the Canaanite people who lived there. The Israelites would then not be tempted to join them and worship their false gods.\n\n## Part 3: Important Translation Issues\n\n### What is the role of God’s name in Deuteronomy?\n\nGod’s name is mentioned over thirty times in the book of Deuteronomy. The use of God’s name in this book usually represents God’s honor or fame. At other times in Deuteronomy, God’s name represents his presence. God said he would choose a place and make his name dwell there. This means God’s presence would be there. The people were to go to that place to worship him.\n\n### Can this book be translated before the rest of the Pentateuch?\n\nThe Books of Genesis and Exodus help to explain what happens in Deuteronomy. For this reason, those books should be translated before the Book of Deuteronomy.
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1:intro ggp9 0 # Deuteronomy 01 General Notes\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter forms a continuation with the last chapter of the book of Numbers.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Yahweh’s victory\nThe chapter explains that Israel’s conquering of the Promised Land will be done by Yahweh. They are not to fear the people of Canaan but be obedient to Yahweh. Yahweh is bringing about his judgement upon the people of Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])\n\n### Possessing the land\nWhile the Promised Land belongs to Israel, they do not possess the land. Possessing the land is an important theme. Posessing the land depended on Israel’s faithfulness. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])
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1:1 j9ty 0 This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he spoke to the Israelites. Alternate translation: “east of the Jordan”
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1:1 bg65 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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1:2 p4gk 0 “It takes eleven days to walk from Horeb … to Kadesh Barnea”
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1:2 m2r5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is a mountainous area south of the Dead Sea. The area is also called “Edom.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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1:2 pp45 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “11” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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1:3 pc9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal 0 The ordinal numbers can be translated as cardinal numbers. Alternate translation: “They had lived in the wilderness for 40 years, 11 months, and 1 day, when Moses spoke” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
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1:3 j362 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 40th (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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1:3 zfn5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths 0 This is the eleventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of January on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
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1:3 p27w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 11th (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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1:3 d97r 0 This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
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1:4 ws56 0 “Yahweh had enabled the Israelites to defeat”
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1:4 x2fp rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 These are names of kings. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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1:4 mpn7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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1:5 cn3h 0 This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “East of the Jordan River”
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1:6 s8em 0 The word “us” refers to Moses and the other people of Israel.
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1:6 gy3a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “You do not need to stay near this mountain any longer” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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1:7 kh6j 0 Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said to them.
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1:7 l6np rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 The word “turn” is an idiom for beginning action. Alternate translation: “Start again on your journey” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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1:7 rbe5 0 Yahweh is describing places in the land that he has promised to give to the Israelites.
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1:7 faf3 0 This is an area in the hills near the place where the Amorites lived.
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1:7 y94k 0 an area of land that is low and flat
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1:8 bp4f 0 “Pay attention to what I am about to say”
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1:8 i61s 0 “I am now giving this land to you”
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1:8 p2mn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns 0 Yahweh is speaking as if he were another person. Alternate translation: “that I, Yahweh, swore” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
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1:8 pcv4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 The word “fathers” is a synecdoche for all ancestors. Alternate translation: “ancestors” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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1:9 qad3 0 Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said to them.
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1:9 dv93 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 Here “I” refers to Moses. The phrase “at that time” refers to when the Israelites were at Horeb, which is the same as Mount Sinai. Alternate translation: “When we were at Horeb, I spoke to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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1:9 l5mr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 Here “to carry you” means “to lead you” or “to govern you.” Alternate translation: “It is too much for me to lead you by myself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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1:10 zy9z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole 0 This is an exaggeration that means God has greatly increased the number of Israelites. Alternate translation: “a great crowd of many people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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1:11 it3v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The phrase “a thousand” is a metaphor for “very many.” Alternate translation: “very many times” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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1:11 spg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 1000 (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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1:12 q9dw 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
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1:12 fvz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 Moses uses a question to emphasize that he cannot solve all of their problems by himself. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I cannot carry your loads, your burdens, and your disputes by myself.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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1:12 l36d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks as if the people’s problems and complaints that he needed to take care of were heavy physical objects that he had been carrying. Alternate translation: “take care of your problems, your complaints” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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1:12 iss7 0 “your arguments” or “your disagreements”
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1:13 ue4a 0 “men from each tribe whom the people of Israel respect”
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1:15 f4vm 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
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1:15 u5jy 0 “men whom your people respected.” See how this is translated in [Deuteronomy 1:13](../01/13.md).
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1:15 t5iw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “of groups of 1,000 … of groups of 100 … of groups of 50 … and groups of 10” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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1:15 s5h1 0 These are titles for different leaders in Israel’s government.
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1:15 s3vi 0 “from each of your tribes”
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1:16 dq18 0 “make right and fair decisions about the disputes Israelites have with each other”
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1:17 tia7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns 0 Moses continues speaking to the judges, so the commands are plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
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1:17 k656 0 “Do not show partiality”
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1:17 l3vl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism 0 These two extremes “small” and “great” represent all people. Alternate translation: “you will treat all people alike” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
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1:17 jze3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 The word “face” is a metonym for the whole person. “You will not” is a command. “Do not be afraid of anyone” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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1:18 crf3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 This means the time when they were at Horeb, at Mount Sinai. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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1:19 bf68 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
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1:19 s8zk 0 “large and dangerous desert that you crossed through”
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1:20 lj3y 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
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1:21 sel7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns 0 Moses is speaking to the Israelites as if he were speaking to one man, so these forms should be singular, not plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
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1:21 xjd3 0 “is now giving this land to you.” See how this is translated in [Deuteronomy 1:8](../01/08.md).
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1:22 jr4u 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
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1:23 cm5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “12 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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1:24 n7e4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 Turning is an idiom for beginning to obey a command. Alternate translation: “They left that place and went” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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1:24 m2qr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is a valley in the Hebron region, which is south of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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1:24 h6p7 0 “looked for places they could attack”
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1:25 d189 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
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1:25 c795 0 “The 12 men took”
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1:25 gns5 0 “picked some of the produce of the land”
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1:25 et1g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The speaker speaks as if a “word” were a physical object that someone could bring. Alternate translation: “told us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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1:25 ks9s 0 The direct quotation can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “said that the land that Yahweh our God was giving to us was good”
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1:26 t13i 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
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1:26 k4x9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 God commanded the Israelites to attack and destroy the Amorites, but the Israelites were afraid and refused to fight them. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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1:27 am5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “into the hand” means to give the Amorites power over them. Alternate translation: “into the power of the Amorites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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1:28 dm6t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 Here this question emphasizes how afraid they were. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “We have nowhere to go.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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1:28 x4y4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This means that they became afraid. Alternate translation: “made us very afraid” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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1:28 vs1i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole 0 This is an exaggeration that emphasizes how frightened the people were because the cities were so large and strong. Alternate translation: “have walls so high it is like they reach up to the heavens” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
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1:28 fl92 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 These are descendants of the Anak people who were very large and fierce. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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1:29 d7v6 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
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1:29 ukp2 0 “I said to your ancestors”
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1:30 wdr7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they saw. Alternate translation: “which you yourselves saw” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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1:31 t94m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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1:31 bmh3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile 0 Here Yahweh’s care for his people is compared to that of a father. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God has taken care of you, like a father takes care of his son” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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1:31 ivd6 0 “until you came to this land that God promised to give you”
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1:32 hy2f 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
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1:33 t7vc 0 “put up your tents”
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1:34 p8tw 0 Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said to them.
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1:34 a5i6 0 “heard what you were saying”
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1:34 gv71 0 God made a vow not to allow those who rebelled against him to enter the land he promised to give them.
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1:35 l5ps 0 “will enter”
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1:36 xn3b 0 “except Caleb”
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1:36 ai2l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of Caleb’s father. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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1:36 ix6z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns 0 Yahweh speaks as if he were someone else. Alternate translation: “he has completely obeyed me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
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1:37 z3bs 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
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1:37 j94d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 This refers to when Moses disobeyed what Yahweh told him to do because Moses was angry with the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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1:38 du4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of Joshua’s father. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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1:38 ze5m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 Why Joshua stands before Moses can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “who stands before you as your servant” or “who helps you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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1:39 gn7q 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
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1:40 mrt9 0 “turn around and go back on the road you have come on”
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1:41 wwe3 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
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1:41 eg59 0 “we have rebelled against Yahweh by disobeying him”
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1:41 zg19 0 “we will obey”
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1:41 l3as rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “hill country” represents the people that live there. Alternate translation: “to attack the people who live in the hill country” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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1:42 vgw8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “your enemies will defeat you because I will not be with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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1:43 q8fb 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
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1:43 t5l6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The metonym “hill country” stands for the people who live there. Alternate translation: “attacked the people who live in the hill country” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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1:44 z33p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile 0 A “bee” is a small, flying insect that flies in large groups and stings people who threaten them. This means that so many Amorites attacked the Israelite soldiers that they had to leave the battle. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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1:44 z2yu rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a piece of land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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1:44 fn6p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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1:44 xcg6 0 “killed many of your soldiers”
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1:45 d7e5 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
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1:45 yrs7 0 “returned to Kadesh and wept”
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2:intro ji46 0 # Deuteronomy 02 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Covenant faithfulness\nYahweh is faithful to the covenant he made with Abraham. He is also faithful to the promises he made with Esau and Lot. Because of this, Israel was given specific land it was able to conquer in Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
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2:1 ys5a 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
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2:1 b9af 0 “Then we turned around and went”
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2:1 yf1v 0 Possible meanings are (1) the Israelites traveled around the mountain called Seir for a very long time or (2) the Israelites wandered in a region called Mount Seir for a very long time.
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2:1 r626 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is a mountainous area south of the Dead Sea. The area is also called “Edom.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:2](../01/02.md) (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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2:1 lng2 0 Some languages translate this as “many nights.”
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2:4 t4vc 0 Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
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2:4 trl3 0 “of your relatives, the descendants of Esau”
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2:5 e5j7 0 Yahweh is reminding the Israelites that he has given this territory to the descendants of Esau.
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2:6 rd6v 0 Moses continues to instruct Israel in how they are to treat the descendants of Esau.
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2:6 qn8p 0 Yahweh is giving them permission or instruction, not a command, and he is telling them not to steal. “I permit you to purchase food from them” or “If you need food, you are to purchase it from them”
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2:6 pc6f 0 “from Esau’s descendants”
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2:6 ru4x 0 If these words are not needed or make the translation unclear, you may omit them.
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2:7 st5n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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2:7 ief6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 The “work of your hand” refers to all the work they had done. Alternate translation: “all of your work” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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2:7 act3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here what happened to the people while they were walking is spoken of as their “walking.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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2:7 u2px rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “40 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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2:7 l4f1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes 0 This is a litotes for “you have had everything you needed.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
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2:8 t48a 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
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2:8 n8fq 0 “by our relatives”
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2:8 ctw5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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2:8 lbh3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “we kept going” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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2:9 g8pa rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 This is the end of a part of Moses’ speech reminding the Israelites of how Yahweh guided them in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
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2:9 ftp7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The word “Moab” represents the people of Moab. Alternate translation: “Do not trouble the people of Moab” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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2:9 cs7l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a city in Moab. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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2:9 sl7s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The people of Israel were related to the descendants of Moab. Moab was the son of Lot. Lot was the nephew of Abraham. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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2:10 am7r rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 The writer begins to give background information about the people of the land. These words are not part of Moses’ speech to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
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2:10 n8xl rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 These words give background information about the Emite people, who had lived in the land before the Moabites. Your language may have a special way to mark background information. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
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2:10 d4pi rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a people group that were considered giants. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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2:10 yv8c 0 These are descendants of the Anak people who were very large and fierce. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:28](../01/28.md).
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2:11 zxl2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 This continues the background information about the different people groups that had lived in the land. (See: [Deuteronomy 2:10](./10.md) and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]).
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2:11 eds2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a people group that were considered giants. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:12 j8rr rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 This continues the background information about the different people groups that had lived in the land. (See: [Deuteronomy 2:10](./10.md) and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]).
|
||
2:12 ye16 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:12 v8s2 0 “killed all of them so none of them were left living with them” or “removed them from their presence by killing all of them”
|
||
2:13 tfp1 0 Moses continues reminding the Israelites of what had happened to them in the wilderness.
|
||
2:13 ruf4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations 0 “‘Then Yahweh said, “Now rise up … Zered.’ So.” This can be translated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh told us to rise up … Zered. So” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||
2:13 va2q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 begin to do something (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
2:13 mn1h rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This stream flows into the Dead Sea from the southeast and creates the border between Edom and Moab. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:14 h8wz rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 The word “now” marks a change from the story to background information about how long the people of Israel traveled and about God’s anger towards that generation. If your language has a way of showing that what follows is background information, you should use it here. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||
2:14 s3qf rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “38 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
2:14 a2ue rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism 0 This is a polite way of saying “had died.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||
2:15 q5m7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “the hand of Yahweh” refers to Yahweh’s power. Alternate translation: “Yahweh used his power against” or “Yahweh punished” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
2:16 pv43 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel of what happened in the past.
|
||
2:18 yrj6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
2:18 g7yv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a city in Moab. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 2:9](../02/09.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:19 c269 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the command and the word “you” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
2:19 af4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The people of Israel were related to the descendants of Ammon. Ammon was the son of Lot. Lot was the nephew of Abraham. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
2:20 s8bn rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 These verses begin to give background information about the people groups who lived in the land. If your language has a way of showing that what follows is background information, you should use it here. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||
2:20 n15r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People also consider that” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
2:20 p2rw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a people group. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:11](../02/11.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:21 fpu6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a people group. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:28](../01/28.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:21 sq14 0 “allowed the Ammonites to defeat them” or “allowed the Ammonites to kill them all”
|
||
2:21 xz3g 0 “the Ammonites took over everything the Rephaim had owned and have lived where the Rephaim had lived”
|
||
2:22 y1ib rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a people group. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:12](../02/12.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:22 yq6w 0 “took over everything the Horites had owned and have lived where the Horites had lived”
|
||
2:23 i3fg 0 The writer finishes describing how God enabled Esau to conquer the land Esau is now inhabiting.
|
||
2:23 c7kb rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:23 wmz4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a place. It may be another name for the island of Crete located in the Mediterranean Sea. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:23 feg9 0 “destroyed the Avvim”
|
||
2:23 un7u 0 “lived where the Avvim had lived”
|
||
2:24 v5lr 0 The writer has finished giving background information and is now again telling what Moses said to the Israelites.
|
||
2:24 yyy9 0 Yahweh is telling Moses what the people should do. “Now get up” or “Now go.”
|
||
2:24 b1uk 0 “continue your journey”
|
||
2:24 v45y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of the valley of the Arnon River. It creates the border between Moab and the Amorites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:24 j7cy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The metonym “into your hand” means “into your control or power.” Alternate translation: “I have given you the power to defeat” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
2:24 g8xa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “your” and the commands “begin to possess” and “fight” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
2:24 gvu7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a king. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:24 q9kc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:24 k7py 0 “fight against him and his army”
|
||
2:25 il8b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
2:25 jg6p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 The words “fear” and “terror” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the fear is intense. Alternate translation: “put a terrible fear” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
2:25 x3s5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “peoples in every land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
2:25 fjp4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys 0 This is hendiadys and emphasizes that the people will “tremble in anguish.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
|
||
2:26 ajl4 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||
2:26 d2n3 0 Here “I” refers to Moses.
|
||
2:26 p6fj rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a place near the valley of Arnon. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:26 t59e rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 These are the names of a man and a place. See how you translated them in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:26 efk3 0 “with my offer of peace” or “with a message from me asking for peace”
|
||
2:27 zr26 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes 0 This phrase emphasizes that they will always go in the same direction. It can be stated in positive form. “I will not change direction” or “I will always stay on the path” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||
2:28 mf3s 0 This continues Moses’ message to King Sihon.
|
||
2:28 n54c 0 Moses tells Sihon that the Israelites will not steal from the Amorites and requests that Sihon and his people sell food and water to the Israelites; he is not giving a command. Alternate translation: “I expect to have to pay for food so I can eat and to pay for water so I can drink”
|
||
2:28 jp21 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Moses is referring to the people of Israel as if they were Moses himself. Alternate translation: “sell to me and my people … we may eat … give us … we may drink” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
2:28 twx5 0 “only let us walk through your land”
|
||
2:29 nj8q rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:9](../02/09.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:30 iv42 0 Moses continues to remind the people of what happened in the past.
|
||
2:30 pe7f rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 These are the names of a man and a place. See how you translated them in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:30 n8cg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
2:30 fad4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Both of these phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh “caused him to become very stubborn.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
2:31 wz3l 0 “to give Sihon and his land over to you”
|
||
2:31 mi9p 0 “take possession of his land, so that you may inherit it”
|
||
2:32 lu82 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||
2:32 e5dq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:32 k97a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a city in Moab (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:34 x76b 0 Moses continues reminding the people about what happened in the past.
|
||
2:34 ie9v 0 “We captured all of King Sihon’s cities”
|
||
2:36 i479 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a city on the north bank of the Arnon River. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:36 pd7q rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 “Arnon” is the name of a river. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:24](../02/24.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
2:36 snr1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes 0 This negative statement is used to emphasize their success in battle. This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “we were able to defeat the people of every city even if the city had high walls around it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||
2:37 v1z7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
2:37 vt6d rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a river that created the border between Sihon’s land and the land of the Ammonites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
3:intro z1ea 0 # Deuteronomy 03 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Victories\nThe victories recorded in this chapter occurred on the east side of the Jordan River. This was not part of the Promised Land, which was on the west side of the Jordan River. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])
|
||
3:1 b1tm 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel of what happened in the past.
|
||
3:1 z2w7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a king. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
3:1 v626 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
3:2 a3g7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a king. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
3:2 dc9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
3:2 hn64 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Yahweh is speaking to Moses as if Moses were the Israelites, so the command “do not fear” and all instances of “you” and “your” are plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
3:2 w3dp 0 Here the words “him” and “his” refer to Og.
|
||
3:2 w9tj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture 0 Yahweh speaks of what he will do as if he had already done it. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
|
||
3:2 pqq3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 The word “him” is a metonym for “his people.” Alternate translation: “You will destroy Og and his people as you did Sihon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
3:3 n4lw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh put all of Og’s people under our control” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
3:3 rm5e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes 0 This is a litotes that is used to emphasize that the Israelites did not let anyone live. Alternate translation: “all of his people were dead” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||
3:4 nwb3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives 0 This is a double negative that emphasizes that they took all of the 60 cities. Alternate translation: “We took every one of the sixty cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||
3:4 n378 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “60 cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
3:4 x9q1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a region within Bashan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
3:5 qup3 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel of what happened in the past.
|
||
3:5 p7qc 0 “These were all cities protected by”
|
||
3:5 v9nt 0 “in addition to very many” or “not including very many”
|
||
3:6 mm89 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a king. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
3:6 zx6i rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
3:8 w2ct 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||
3:8 e82d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “out of the hand of” means “from the control of.” Alternate translation: “from the control of the two kings” or “from the two kings” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
3:8 kg66 0 “Amorite people.” See how you translated the name of this people group in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md).
|
||
3:8 l9c4 0 This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “east of the Jordan River”
|
||
3:8 c8hd 0 See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 2:24](../02/24.md).
|
||
3:8 b5q8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a mountain at the northern border of Bashan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
3:9 nk7s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 These are all names of the same mountain which is at the northern border of Bashan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
3:10 g7ie 0 See how you translated these in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md).
|
||
3:10 gk8j 0 This is high, flat land between the Arnon River and Mount Gilead.
|
||
3:10 l1kh rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a city near Edrei. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
3:11 nd7p 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||
3:11 ju5n rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 This is background information about King Og. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||
3:11 mdg3 0 See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:11](../02/11.md).
|
||
3:11 i4qm 0 “Pay attention to the important thing I am going to tell you.”
|
||
3:11 ev4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 The writer uses a question to remind the people of Israel that they could go to Rabbah and see how large Og must have been. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Possible meanings are (1) “It was in Rabbah, … live.” or (2) “It is in Rabbah … live.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
3:11 b98u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance 0 A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
|
||
3:11 z43d 0 “according to the cubit most people use”
|
||
3:12 ac8k 0 Moses continues reminding the people of what happened in the past.
|
||
3:12 s921 0 See how you translated the name of this town in [Deuteronomy 2:36](../02/36.md).
|
||
3:12 h352 0 See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 2:24](../02/24.md).
|
||
3:13 pt8s 0 See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 3:4](../03/04.md).
|
||
3:13 xzf3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 The writer begins to present background information about the land that the people of Israel captured. If your language has a way of showing that what follows is background information, you should use it here. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||
3:13 g27b 0 See how you translated the name of this land in [Deuteronomy 2:11](../02/11.md).
|
||
3:14 xv6z 0 This continues the background information about the land the people of Israel captured ([Deuteronomy 3:13](../03/13.md)).
|
||
3:14 aa4n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
3:14 uz9u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 These are people groups who lived west of Bashan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
3:14 g7g2 0 Translators may make a footnote that says: “The name ‘Havvoth Jair’ means ‘tent villages of Jair’ or ‘realm of Jair.’”
|
||
3:15 hyk9 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||
3:15 fik9 0 Here “I” refers to Moses.
|
||
3:15 x1nt rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 Machir was the son of Manasseh. He had died before Moses gave this land. The name is a metonym for the descendants of the person. Alternate translation: “to the descendants of Machir” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
3:16 ni9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a river that created the border between Sihon’s land and the land of the Ammonites. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:37](../02/37.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
3:17 qm24 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||
3:17 bb2m 0 “The western border of the Reubenite and Gadite territory is”
|
||
3:17 y51g rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 the Sea of Kinnereth, also called “the Sea of Galilee” or “the Lake of Gennesaret” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
3:17 w6xs rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a mountain in the northern part of the Abarim mountain range. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
3:18 i7wz 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||
3:18 i1zt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 Moses reminds the tribe of Reuben, the tribe of Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh that they must help the other Israelites conquer the rest of the land God promised them. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
3:18 rt7n 0 “will take your weapons and cross the Jordan River ahead of”
|
||
3:18 mq1x 0 “your fellow Israelites”
|
||
3:19 ma9q 0 Moses continues speaking to the tribes of Reuben and Gad and half of the tribe of Manasseh.
|
||
3:20 isu7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The writer speaks as if the ability to rest were a physical object that could be given as a gift. The word “rest” is also a metaphor for peaceful life in which there is no war. Alternate translation: “Yahweh allows your brothers to rest” or “Yahweh allows your brothers to stop fighting wars and live peacefully” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
3:20 ac2j 0 This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “east of the Jordan River”
|
||
3:20 s3hn 0 Moses is emphasizing that the other tribes must possess their land before Yahweh will permit these three tribes to possess their land. “only then are you to return.”
|
||
3:21 s2lk 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||
3:21 p9pl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “eyes” refers to Joshua. Alternate translation: “You have seen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
3:23 d3fi 0 Moses continues reminding the people about what happened in the past.
|
||
3:23 j4ne 0 Here “I” refers to Moses. This means he asked God in a very earnest, emotional way.
|
||
3:24 z9tn 0 Here “your servant” is a polite way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “to show me, your servant”
|
||
3:24 idr1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “hand” means control or power. Alternate translation: “your power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
3:24 qkn5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 Moses uses a question to emphasize that Yahweh is the only God with the power to do the works he has done. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “for there is no god … acts.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
3:24 ls1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism 0 These two extremes together mean “anywhere.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||
3:25 c8zq 0 “west of the Jordan River.” When Moses spoke these words to Yahweh, he was east of the Jordan River in Moab.
|
||
3:26 xt4j 0 Moses continues telling the people of Israel what happened in the past.
|
||
3:26 p3zp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 This refers to when Moses disobeyed what Yahweh told him to do because Moses was angry with the people of Israel. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:37](../01/37.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
3:27 qm9b 0 See how you translated this is in [Deuteronomy 3:17](../03/17.md).
|
||
3:27 a7ag rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 The words “lift up your eyes” are an idiom that means look. Alternate translation: “look” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
3:28 x7d3 0 Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
|
||
3:29 dut2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a town in Moab near Mount Pisgah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
4:intro d8g8 0 # Deuteronomy 04 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Law of Moses\nIn order to possess the land, the people needed to obey the law of Moses. This will be the most important thing in the religious life of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])\n\n### Moses’ instructions\nMoses is not allowed to enter into the Promised Land. Since they are getting ready to possess the Promised Land, Moses gives them some last instructions before his death. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Rhetorical Questions\nMoses uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these questions is to convince his readers to obey his instructions. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
4:1 m1n5 0 Moses is telling the people of Israel what God wants them to do.
|
||
4:1 zdp5 0 “and obey them”
|
||
4:2 ft3x 0 Yahweh does not want his people to create new laws, or to ignore those he has already given them.
|
||
4:3 u7gv 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
4:3 j4ng rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “eyes” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “You saw” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
4:3 bs2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “because of the sins you committed at Baal Peor” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
4:3 fpr6 0 See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 3:29](../03/29.md).
|
||
4:3 yl8h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns 0 Moses speaks to the people of Israel as though they were one person, so “your” and “you” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||
4:4 x6hf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The writer speaks as if trusting in Yahweh and obeying him were like physically holding on to a person. Alternate translation: “you who were careful to obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
4:5 yhv5 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
4:5 hs9r 0 “Pay attention”
|
||
4:5 bis8 0 “that you should obey them when you live in the land”
|
||
4:6 zr9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that they are to obey them. Alternate translation: “obey them carefully” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
4:6 bhy7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract nouns “wisdom” and “understanding” can be translated as adjective phrases, and the abstract noun “sight” refers to how the peoples judge or decide on the value of something. Alternate translation: “this is what will show the peoples that you are wise and that you understand what is important” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
4:6 sr33 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The word “nation” is a metonym for the people of that nation. Alternate translation: “the people of this great nation are wise and understanding” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
4:7 thf7 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||
4:7 m62n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “For there is no other great nation … him.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
4:8 g3lt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “There is no other great nation … today.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
4:9 wv6p 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||
4:9 bfw3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they are one person, so all instances of “you,” “your,” and “yourself,” as well as the commands “pay attention,” “guard,” and “make known” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
4:9 d2dg 0 “Pay careful attention and be sure to remember these things always”
|
||
4:9 gm1c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 These phrases means the same thing and emphasize that the people of Israel must remember what they have seen. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
4:9 hp7e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “eyes” are a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: “you have seen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
4:10 tkm7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they are one person, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
4:10 ivm8 0 “Bring the people together and bring them to me”
|
||
4:11 wy4q 0 Moses continues to remind the Israelites of their history.
|
||
4:11 ytq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. “The heart of” means “the middle of” or “the innermost part of,” and “heaven” here refers to the sky. Alternate translation: “with a fire that went up to the sky” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
4:11 f82u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys 0 Here “thick darkness” describes the cloud. Alternate translation: “with a thick, dark cloud” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
|
||
4:11 jh6q 0 Another possible meaning is “heavy cloud.”
|
||
4:13 re7g 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||
4:13 tk8q 0 “Yahweh declared”
|
||
4:13 yz4x 0 Here “you” refers to the Israelites who were at Mount Horeb.
|
||
4:14 bdx7 0 “after you have crossed over the Jordan River and taken possession of the land”
|
||
4:15 yqn4 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
4:16 f5bb 0 “do not do what is wrong”
|
||
4:18 xe6b 0 “crawls on the ground”
|
||
4:19 a5bt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” and the words “lift,” “look,” and “be drawn” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
4:19 mg57 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Do not … and do not let anyone make you want to worship” or “Do not … and do not allow yourself worship” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
4:19 r5pg 0 “everything you can see in the sky.” This is another way of referring to the sun, moon, and stars.
|
||
4:19 mpi9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Moses speaks of the stars as if they were small objects like food that Yahweh was dividing and giving out to the people groups. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh your God has put there to help all people groups” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
4:20 uej2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks of Egypt and the hard work the Israelites did there as if it were an oven in which iron is heated and the Israelites were the iron. Alternate translation: “brought you out of the land where people made you do hard work” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
4:20 c59d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom that can be translated “people who belong only to him.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
4:21 q42n 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
4:21 l8rk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 This refers to when Moses disobeyed what Yahweh told him to do because Moses was angry with the people of Israel. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:37](../01/37.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
4:21 qnf5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
4:23 gf5v 0 “Pay careful attention”
|
||
4:23 q9m3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one person, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
4:24 z6c8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses compares how Yahweh acts when he is angry to the way a fire destroys things. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God will severely punish and destroy you like a fire does because he does not want you to worship other gods” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
4:24 d51q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one person, so the word “your” is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
4:25 d5qj 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||
4:25 sw65 0 The words “you” and “your” are singular here.
|
||
4:25 txa1 0 become the father of, or become the ancestor of
|
||
4:25 r6pb 0 “if you do what is wrong.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:16](../04/16.md).
|
||
4:25 v824 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you make Yahweh your God angry by doing what he says is evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
4:26 lbi9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Possible meanings are (1) Moses is calling on all those who live in heaven and earth to be witnesses to what he says or (2) Moses is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses to what he says. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||
4:26 tz2p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Long days are a metaphor for a long life. Alternate translation: “you will not be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
4:26 eme2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole 0 As indicated in 4:27, not every Israelite will be killed. Here “completely destroy” is a generalization and emphasizes that many of the Israelites will die. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but Yahweh will destroy many of you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
4:27 yy63 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
4:27 swv8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks as if the people were seeds that Yahweh would scatter around a field. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will send you to many different places and force you to live there” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
4:27 u1el 0 “will send you” or “will cause your enemies to take you away”
|
||
4:28 eq2t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “men’s hands” refers the men themselves, and “the work … wood and stone” to the idols that they have created. Alternate translation: “the wood and stone idols that men have made” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
4:29 t9hj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel. He speaks as though they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
4:29 nz82 0 “But when you are in those other nations”
|
||
4:29 m6l6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 The word “you” here is plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
4:29 fki1 0 “when you really try to find him” or “when you really try to know him”
|
||
4:29 pl1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
4:30 bu4p 0 “have happened to”
|
||
4:30 p1sc 0 “afterwards” or “then”
|
||
4:30 xhr4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 Here “listen” is an idiom that means to hear and obey. Also, “his voice” refers to Yahweh and emphasizes what he says. Alternate translation: “obey what he says” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
4:32 yss9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and the command “ask now” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
4:33 gv8c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 Here the people of Israel are reminded of how Yahweh has spoken to them in an amazing way in the past. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No other people besides you has heard God speak from the middle of the fire and lived.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
4:33 uge5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here God is represented by his voice. Alternate translation: “hear God’s voice as he spoke” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
4:34 i1ev 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||
4:34 uct8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Here “a mighty hand” and “an outstretched arm” are metaphors for Yahweh’s power. Alternate translation: “by showing his mighty power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
4:34 r398 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “eyes” refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: “in front of you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
4:35 yl1z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
4:35 nu4a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh showed you these things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
4:36 r411 0 “he made sure you heard … made sure you saw”
|
||
4:36 pii8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Moses speaks as if the people to whom he was speaking were the people he had spoken to at Mount Sinai many years earlier. The people at Mount Sinai were actually the fathers of the people to whom he was speaking these words. Alternate translation: “made your fathers … your fathers heard” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
4:37 ss1r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
4:37 p6x2 0 This refers to Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Jacob’s sons.
|
||
4:37 yey2 0 “with the great power that comes from his presence” or “with his great power”
|
||
4:39 esi7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
4:39 ufg5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
4:39 f524 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism 0 The two phrases “in heaven” and “on the earth” show two extremes and mean “everywhere.” Alternate translation: “over everything” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||
4:40 c3aw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
4:41 bt78 0 Moses’s speech, which began in [Deuteronomy 1:6](../01/06.md), has finished, and the writer continues the narrative that ended in [Deuteronomy 1:5](../01/05.md).
|
||
4:43 csf7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
4:44 j6tj 0 This refers to the laws Moses will give in the following chapters.
|
||
4:46 zf9l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a town in Moab near Mount Pisgah. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 3:29](../03/29.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
4:46 c8za 0 “King Sihon … Amorite people … town of Heshbon.” See how you translated these names in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md).
|
||
4:47 ya36 0 King Sihon’s land
|
||
4:47 h15l 0 This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. Alternate translation: “from the side of the Jordan River toward the east”
|
||
4:48 kwj2 0 This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:36](../02/36.md).
|
||
4:48 n3ct 0 This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:24](../02/24.md).
|
||
4:48 vyn6 0 These are different names for the same mountain. The word “Sion” is another spelling of “Sirion” ([Deuteronomy 3:9](../03/09.md)). See how you translated “Mount Hermon” in [Deuteronomy 3:8](../03/08.md).
|
||
4:49 axk1 0 This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. Alternate translation: “eastward from the side of the Jordan River”
|
||
4:49 x6zf 0 See how you translated these names in [Deuteronomy 3:17](../03/17.md).
|
||
5:intro xsp1 0 # Deuteronomy 05 General Notes\n## Structure and formatting\n\nSome translations set each of the commandements in the list of Ten Commandments in 5:7-21 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT uses a separate paragraph for each commandment.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Ten commandments\nThis chapter repeats the material of Exodus 20. It is known as the Ten Commandments.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Metaphors and idioms\nMoses uses metaphors and idioms to instruct the people to follow the law of Moses. This is because it is very important to follow these laws. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
5:1 d5qb 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||
5:1 vj47 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole 0 Here “all” is a generalization. Moses wanted everyone in Israel to hear and obey his words, but his voice was probably not so loud that everyone actually heard him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||
5:1 rwb1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “ears” refers to the whole person. This metaphor emphasizes that the people know what Moses has said to them, so they cannot sin and then say they did not know they were sinning. Alternate translation: “that I will speak to you today” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
5:3 hf3s 0 Possible meanings are (1) Yahweh did not only make a covenant with those who were at Horeb; the covenant was also with the later generations of Israelites or (2) Yahweh did not make this covenant with their distant ancestors, such as, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; instead, this covenant began with the Israelites at Horeb.
|
||
5:4 ijj6 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
5:4 h6t4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 Use your language’s idiom for two people who are close to each other and looking at each other when they are speaking to each other. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
5:4 n291 0 “on the mountain”
|
||
5:5 b7in 0 Moses is referring to an event that happened about 40 years earlier.
|
||
5:6 fbu5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “house of slavery” refers to Egypt where the people of Israel had been slaves. Alternate translation: “out of the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
5:7 f42x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues reminding the people what Yahweh has commanded them. The phrases “you will” and “you will not” are commands. He speaks to the Israelites as if they were one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
5:7 pa85 0 “You must not worship any other gods but me”
|
||
5:8 bs7n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: “that is in the earth beneath your feet, or that is in the water below the earth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
5:9 a6ef rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
5:9 sxf4 0 “You will not worship the carved figures or do as they command”
|
||
5:9 q9rc 0 “Never”
|
||
5:9 qi9s 0 “I … want you to worship only me”
|
||
5:10 zxf7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “faithfully loving thousands, those who love me” or “being faithful to the covenant with thousands, with those who love me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
5:10 gvi1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 Some translations read “to a thousand generations of those who love me.” The word “thousands” is a metonym for a number too many to count. Alternate translation: “forever, to those who love me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
5:11 kd28 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
5:11 nj56 0 “You will not use the name of Yahweh”
|
||
5:11 jap9 0 See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 5:9](../05/09.md).
|
||
5:11 fv41 0 “carelessly” or “without proper respect” or “for wrong purposes”
|
||
5:11 in6b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives 0 This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will consider him guilty” or “Yahweh will punish him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||
5:12 vbs1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
5:12 ybn9 0 “to dedicate it to God”
|
||
5:13 p3yg 0 “do all your usual duties”
|
||
5:14 cx31 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal 0 “day 7.” Here “seventh” is the ordinal number for seven. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||
5:14 kbw8 0 “On that day never do”
|
||
5:14 c3x8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “gates” is a reference to the city itself. Alternate translation: “within your community” or “inside your city” or “living with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
5:15 x69h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
5:15 p52p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “You must remember” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
5:15 ls4c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Here “a mighty hand” and “an outstretched arm” are metaphors for Yahweh’s power. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “by showing his mighty power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
5:16 g54g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
5:17 x2en rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
5:17 u97m 0 See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 5:9](../05/09.md).
|
||
5:18 lke6 0 “You will not sleep with anyone other than your spouse”
|
||
5:20 vp3r 0 “You will not tell lies about someone”
|
||
5:21 msw3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
5:21 sqc4 0 See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 5:9](../05/09.md).
|
||
5:22 c5s9 0 Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said.
|
||
5:23 vkg3 0 Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what happened in the past.
|
||
5:23 ar5z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 The word “voice” is a metonym for the sound of the voice or for the person who was speaking. Alternate translation: “heard the sound of the voice” or “heard Yahweh speaking” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
5:25 k97b 0 Moses continues to remind the Israelites what the Israelites had said to Moses.
|
||
5:25 zra9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 They were afraid that they would die if Yahweh spoke to them. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “We are afraid that we will die.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
5:26 qk3j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “There are no other people besides us … have done.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
5:26 sdf1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 This represents all people or living things. Alternate translation: “all people” or “all living beings” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
5:28 j5bk 0 Here “me” refers to Moses.
|
||
5:29 m98l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 If your language has an idiom that expresses a strong desire for something, you might want to use it here. Alternate translation: “I would be very happy if there were” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
5:31 bn9j 0 Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
|
||
5:31 u4lk 0 “you will teach the people of Israel”
|
||
5:32 kyg9 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||
5:32 weq5 0 Moses is giving a command to the people of Israel.
|
||
5:32 w87i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This compares a person disobeying God to a person turning off of the correct path. Alternate translation: “you will not disobey him in any way” or “you will do everything he says” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
5:33 ype4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:40](../04/40.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
6:intro q4y8 0 # Deuteronomy 06 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Yahweh’s blessings\nYahweh’s continued blessing of the people of Israel is dependent upon the people’s obedience to the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Metaphors\nThere are many metaphors in this chapter. These metaphors describe the greatness of the Promised Land the wholehearted worship that is completely dedicated to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])
|
||
6:1 it53 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues the speech to the people of Israel he began in [Deuteronomy 5:1](../05/01.md). Beginning in verse 2, he speaks to the people of Israel as if they were one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
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6:1 z6zb 0 “might obey”
|
||
6:1 ymp9 0 “going to the other side of the Jordan River”
|
||
6:2 l6ps 0 “to obey”
|
||
6:2 i3ku rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Long days are a metaphor for a long life. This can be stated in active form. This can be translated similarly to “prolong your days” in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “that I may prolong your days” or “that I may cause you to live a long time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
6:3 jl47 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
6:3 yk4u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 Here “listen” means to obey, and “them” refers to Yahweh’s commandments. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “listen to Yahweh’s commandments, statutes, and decrees” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
6:3 cau8 0 “obey them”
|
||
6:3 t77l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
6:4 cip9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
6:4 zv4t 0 “Our God Yahweh is the one and only God”
|
||
6:5 dc6b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These three phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated “with all your heart, with all your soul” in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
6:6 g3hf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
6:6 u7kf 0 Moses is speaking God’s commandments to the people of Israel.
|
||
6:6 a1y8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you must always remember” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
6:7 ye1m 0 “I command you to diligently teach … I command you to talk.” The reader should understand these as commands.
|
||
6:8 mh97 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
6:8 x5c9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 This is a metonym for “write these words on parchment, put the parchment in a pouch, and tie the pouch.” This metonym in turn may be a metaphor for “obey these words so that it is as if they were physically there.” Alternate translation: “tie these words” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
6:8 zn5b 0 “as something to make you remember my laws”
|
||
6:8 w48b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 This is a metonym for “write these words on parchment, put the parchment in a pouch, and tie the pouch to your head so it sits.” This metonym in turn may be a metaphor for “obey these words so that it is as if they were physically there.” Alternate translation: “my words will serve as frontlets”(See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
6:8 ju59 0 ornaments a person wears on the forehead
|
||
6:9 ex69 0 This is a command.
|
||
6:10 gu32 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
6:10 yge8 0 All these cities will belong to the people of Israel when they conquer the people in Canaan.
|
||
6:12 kq91 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “house of bondage” refers to Egypt, the place where the people of Israel had been slaves. Alternate translation: “out of the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
6:13 i1uw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
6:13 b8cf 0 “It is Yahweh your God and no one else whom you will honor; it is he alone whom you will worship, and it is by his name and only his name that you will swear.” Your language may have another way of emphasizing that Yahweh is telling the Israelites not to worship or serve any other god.
|
||
6:13 rn98 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 To swear by the name of Yahweh means to make Yahweh the basis or the power on which the oath is made. The metonym “his name” refers to Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “you will swear and ask Yahweh to confirm it” or “when you swear you will speak his name” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
6:15 syl7 0 “who lives among you”
|
||
6:15 hb7p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 Moses compares Yahweh’s anger to someone starting a fire to destroy things. This can be stated in active form. To kindle anger is a metaphor for becoming very angry. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God will kindle his anger” or “Yahweh your God will become very angry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
6:15 a26k 0 “destroy you so that there is nothing left of you anywhere on”
|
||
6:16 bd27 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
6:16 dj8u 0 Here “test” means to challenge Yahweh and force him to prove himself.
|
||
6:16 qk5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a place in the desert. The translator may add a footnote that says: “The name ‘Massah’ means ‘testing.’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
6:18 yri1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
6:18 zh1i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This idiom is a command and a blessing. If the Israelites obey Yahweh, they will receive blessings from Yahweh. Alternate translation: “Do what Yahweh says is right and good” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
6:20 h9eh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
6:20 vrj8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 In this question the “covenant decrees” represent their meaning and purpose. Alternate translation: “What do the covenant decrees … commanded mean to you” or “Why should you obey the covenant decrees … commanded you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
6:20 m992 0 This refers to the children of the adult people of Israel to whom Moses was speaking Yahweh’s words.
|
||
6:21 c19m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Here “a mighty hand” refers to Yahweh’s power. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “with his mighty power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
6:22 c7l2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “his house” refers to the people of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “on all of his people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
6:22 k3se rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here the word “eyes” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “where we could see them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
6:23 atp7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “might bring us into Canaan” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
6:24 nhg8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. He tells them what they should tell their children about Yahweh’s commandments. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
6:24 ye68 0 obey at all times and for a long time
|
||
6:25 p4b1 0 “in the presence of Yahweh” or “where Yahweh can see us”
|
||
6:25 bva9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The word “this” refers to keeping Yahweh’s commands. This is a metonym for Yahweh considering them righteous. Alternate translation: “he will consider us righteous” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
7:intro y1wn 0 # Deuteronomy 07 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### “You must completely destroy them”\nThe people of Canaan were to be punished by Yahweh. Yahweh used Israel to punish these nations. If they were not completely destroyed, they would lead Israel into sin. Therefore, they were to be completely destroyed and be shown no mercy. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]])\n\n### Abrahamic Covenant\nThis chapter references parts of the covenant Yahweh made with Abraham. It also emphasizes Yahweh’s faithfulness to this covenant. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])
|
||
7:1 zv16 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
7:2 wdj3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
7:2 h8dz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks of victory as if it were a physical object one person could give to another. Alternate translation: “enables you to defeat them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
7:2 s8nt 0 Here “them” refers to the seven nations from [Deuteronomy 7:1](../07/01.md).
|
||
7:4 y5rt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
7:4 rsx4 0 “If you allow your children to marry the people from the other nations, the people from the other nations will”
|
||
7:4 x5dn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses compares Yahweh’s anger to someone starting a fire. This emphasizes Yahweh’s power to destroy what makes him angry. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will kindle his anger against you” or “Then Yahweh will become very angry with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
7:4 nm8d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 The word “you” refers to all the Israelites and so is plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
7:5 m2rl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses is speaking to all the Israelites here, so these words are all plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
7:6 bdz4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses tells the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
7:6 d86k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh set them apart from all other nations. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
7:6 uqx6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “that live on the earth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
7:7 y5fb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words. All instances of “you” and “your” are plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
7:7 s7u3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “did not love you more than he loved others” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
7:8 j4hq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Here “a mighty hand” refers to Yahweh’s power. These words also appear in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “with his mighty power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
7:8 xtl5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks of Yahweh rescuing the people of Israel from being slaves as if Yahweh had paid money to a slave owner. Alternate translation: “rescued you from being slaves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
7:8 wdf1 0 Here the metonym “house of bondage” refers to Egypt, the place where the people of Israel had been slaves. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 6:12](../06/12.md). Alternate translation: “out of the place where you were slaves”
|
||
7:8 u9xe rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “hand” means “the control of.” Alternate translation: “control of Pharaoh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
7:9 wd9i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
7:9 ky8b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “for 1,000 generations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
7:10 g32i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This idiom means “repays them quickly and openly so that they know God has punished them.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
7:10 xk2p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes 0 The words “not be lenient” are an understatement to emphasize that Yahweh will severely punish. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will severely punish everyone who hates him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||
7:12 v1lv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words. He speaks as if the Israelites are one person in verse 12 and to all of them as a group in verse 13. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
7:13 ghv3 0 “increase the number of your people”
|
||
7:13 nmj6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom for “your children.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
7:13 rl5m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom for “your crops.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
7:13 p14j 0 “your cattle so they will become many”
|
||
7:14 f2th rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
7:14 fiu4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will bless you more than I bless any other people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
7:14 e33a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes 0 Moses uses a negative statement to emphasize that they all will be able to have children. This may be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “All of you will be able to have children and your cattle will be able to reproduce” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||
7:14 xr4e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 The words “you” and “your” are plural here. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
7:15 qmw7 0 “make sure that you do not become ill” or “keep you completely healthy”
|
||
7:15 x26j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks as if disease were a heavy object that Yahweh would put on top of people. Alternate translation: “he will not make you sick with any of the evil diseases … but he will make your enemies sick with them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
7:16 x9kc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
7:16 xbj2 0 “I command you to completely destroy all the people groups”
|
||
7:16 aia1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 This is a command. Moses speaks as if what the eye sees were the eye itself. Alternate translation: “do not allow what you see to cause you to pity them” or “do not pity them because you see that what you are doing is hurting them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
7:16 du7u 0 “never worship”
|
||
7:16 yvn8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 If the people worship other gods, they will be like an animal caught in a hunter’s trap, and they will be unable to escape. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
7:17 rl9v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
7:17 bsr6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 The people should not be afraid even if they notice that the nations are stronger than they are. Alternate translation: “Even if you say in your heart” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
7:17 p5tn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “think” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
7:17 pn9g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 Moses uses a question to emphasize that the people may feel afraid of the other nations. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I do not know how I will be able to dispossess them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
7:17 luy9 0 “take their land away from them”
|
||
7:18 ls4k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 The people should not be afraid even if they notice that the nations are stronger than they are. Alternate translation: “even then do not be afraid” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
7:18 fbw2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you must remember” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
7:19 a3ur rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “eyes” represent the whole person. Alternate translation: “that you saw” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
7:19 ph4a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Here “a mighty hand” and “an outstretched arm” are metaphors for Yahweh’s power. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “and the mighty power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
7:20 xr3w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
7:20 pwt4 0 “And also, Yahweh”
|
||
7:20 sji2 0 Possible meanings are (1) God will send actual flying insects that sting people and cause pain, or (2) God will cause the people to become terrified and want to run away.
|
||
7:20 w9sm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “die so you do not see them anymore” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
7:21 at6h 0 “Never”
|
||
7:21 v7bu 0 “a great and awesome God” or “a great God who causes the people to fear”
|
||
7:22 d61j 0 “slowly”
|
||
7:23 m5in rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
7:23 lkz5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “enable you to defeat” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
7:23 qmm8 0 “victory over the armies from the other nations”
|
||
7:23 pa1h 0 “he will make them so they cannot think clearly”
|
||
7:23 cpi5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until you have destroyed them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
7:24 v25y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 The Israelites will completely destroy all the people from those nations, and in the future no one will remember them. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
7:24 q4py 0 “stand against you” or “defend themselves against you”
|
||
7:25 tq89 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words. In verse 25 he speaks to the group as a group, so the forms of “you” are plural, but in verse 26 he speaks as if the Israelites are one person, so the forms are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
7:25 y5bl 0 This is a command.
|
||
7:25 d8rc 0 These words add to the instruction to burn the idols.
|
||
7:25 su6c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Even taking the gold or silver on the idols could cause the people to start worshiping them. By doing this they would become like an animal caught by a trap. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “it will become a trap to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
7:25 z31g 0 These words tell why Yahweh wants the people to burn the idols. “do this because Yahweh your God hates it very much”
|
||
7:26 b8dp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 The words “detest” and “abhor” mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of hatred. Alternate translation: “You will completely hate” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
7:26 xs75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh cursing something and promising to destroy it is spoken of as if Yahweh were setting the object apart from everything else. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for Yahweh has set it apart for destruction” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
8:intro w4zj 0 # Deuteronomy 08 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Forgetting\nThis chapter recalls the great things that Yahweh has done for Israel and is about to do for them. This is so they do not forget him and they will continue to worship him. They must remember that Yahweh is the source of their blessings. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])
|
||
8:1 rbf2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
8:1 zvt4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 All instances of “you” and “your” and the verbs are plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
8:2 t2tj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “You must remember” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
8:2 c56q rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “40 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
8:2 a9m6 0 “he might show you how weak and sinful you are”
|
||
8:2 l3al 0 “to reveal” or “to show”
|
||
8:2 y8fn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The heart is a symbol of a person’s character. Alternate translation: “what kind of people you are” or “how you would behave” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
8:3 aiu7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. He continues to remind them of what they should “call to mind” ([Deuteronomy 8:2](../08/02.md)). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
8:3 upj2 0 “Yahweh showed you how weak and sinful you are.” See how “he might humble you” is translated in [Deuteronomy 8:2](../08/02.md).
|
||
8:3 ygr4 0 “gave you manna to eat”
|
||
8:3 t9be rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “bread” represents all food. Alternate translation: “food is not the only thing people need so they can live” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
8:3 d9as rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “the mouth of Yahweh” is a metonym for the words that Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “people must obey the commands of Yahweh so they can live” or “people must do what Yahweh tells them to do so they can live” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
8:4 b3h6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
8:4 pr86 0 This is the last item that they should “call to mind” ([Deuteronomy 8:2](../08/02.md)).
|
||
8:4 d347 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “40 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
8:5 fty1 0 This continues the list of commands that begins in [Deuteronomy 8:1](./01.md).
|
||
8:5 fn6f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “heart” represents the thoughts and understanding of a person. Alternate translation: “You will understand” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
8:6 j5yw 0 This continues the list of commands that begins in [Deuteronomy 8:1](./01.md).
|
||
8:7 y2tj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
8:7 jl8h 0 “a land with” or “a land that has”
|
||
8:9 gx2v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
8:9 s4ft rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes 0 This litotes can be translated positively. Alternate translation: “a land where there will be plenty of food for you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||
8:9 s966 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives 0 This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “where you will have everything you need” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||
8:9 dyk2 0 The stones are full of iron ore. Iron is a very hard metal useful for swords and plows.
|
||
8:9 q74l 0 “mine copper.” Copper is a soft metal useful for making household utensils.
|
||
8:10 cat4 0 “You will have enough food to eat until you are full”
|
||
8:10 ac1j 0 “you will praise” or “you will give thanks to”
|
||
8:11 i252 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
8:12 g242 0 This verse describes the first two items of a list of five things that might make the Israelites forget about Yahweh (verse 11): “when you eat and are full” and “when you build good houses.”
|
||
8:12 eyd5 0 “when you have enough food to eat”
|
||
8:12 ft1p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “heart” represents the inner person. To become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh is spoken of as if the person’s heart is lifted up. Alternate translation: “you will become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
8:13 vg4r 0 This verse describes the last three of the five things that might cause them to forget Yahweh. The first two are “you eat and are full” and “you build good houses and live in them” ([Deuteronomy 8:12](./12.md)). The last three are “when your herds and flocks multiply,” “when your silver and gold increase,” and “all that you have is multiplied.”
|
||
8:13 yd2e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
8:13 tyu1 0 “your herds of cattle and flocks of sheep and goats”
|
||
8:13 hl2t 0 increase greatly in number
|
||
8:13 ax24 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you have many more things” or “you have many more possessions” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
8:14 rus3 0 This verse contains the first two of three items Moses warns the people to be careful of ([Deuteronomy 8:11](./11.md)): that “your heart becomes lifted up” and “you forget Yahweh your God.” It then lists the first of four characteristics of Yahweh that they need to remember, that Yahweh “brought you out of the land of Egypt.”
|
||
8:14 en28 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “heart” represents the inner person. To become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh is spoken of as if the person’s heart is lifted up. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 8:12](../08/12.md). Alternate translation: “you become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
8:14 a2g6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish 0 Moses begins to remind the Israelites of what they know about Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
|
||
8:14 k1uk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This is a metaphor for the time they were slaves in Egypt. Alternate translation: “out from the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
8:15 p6ka 0 This verse gives the second and third items in the list of characteristics that Moses reminds the Israelites that they must remember about “Yahweh your God” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)) the first being that he “brought you out of Egypt” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)). the second that he led them “through the … wilderness,” and the third that he “brought … water out of the rock.”
|
||
8:15 x3kw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
8:15 c4zs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish 0 Moses continues to remind the Israelites of what they know about Yahweh ([Deuteronomy 8:14](../08/14.md)). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
|
||
8:15 da8e 0 “Yahweh, who led … Yahweh, who brought”
|
||
8:15 nlk7 0 “poisonous snakes”
|
||
8:15 x91q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification 0 This phrase describes the ground as being thirsty just like a person is thirsty when he needs water. Alternate translation: “dry ground” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||
8:16 uzq3 0 This is the fourth item in the list of characteristics that Moses reminds the Israelites that they must remember about “Yahweh your God” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)) the first being that he “brought you out of Egypt” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)), the second that he led them “through the … wilderness” ([Deuteronomy 8:15](./15.md)), and the third that he “brought … water out of the rock” ([Deuteronomy 8:15](./15.md)).
|
||
8:16 crk4 0 Moses continues to remind the Israelites of what they know about Yahweh ([Deuteronomy 8:14](../08/14.md)). “Yahweh fed”
|
||
8:16 q464 0 “to help you” or “because it would be good for you”
|
||
8:17 uf8j 0 This is the third item in the list of things that Yahweh warns the Israelites that they might do ([Deuteronomy 8:11](./11.md)), the first being “your heart becomes lifted up” and the second being “you forget Yahweh your God” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)).
|
||
8:17 sd9i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 This is the third thing the people might do when their hearts “become lifted up” and they “forget Yahweh” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](../08/14.md)). Here “heart” is a metonym for a person’s innermost thoughts. Alternate translation: “but you may think to yourself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
8:17 g2bf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “hand” refers to a man’s power or ability. Alternate translation: “I got this wealth because I am so strong and powerful” or “I have acquired all these things by my own power and ability” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
8:18 ftx1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
8:18 nl2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This idiom is a command. Alternate translation: “But remember” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
8:18 g9fc 0 Possible meanings are (1) “in this way he establishes” or (2) “in this way he is faithful to establish.”
|
||
8:18 i5v9 0 “so he can”
|
||
8:18 axw6 0 cause to stand or to remain
|
||
8:18 in9j 0 “as he is doing now” or “as he is establishing his covenant now”
|
||
8:19 sdv6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Walking is a metaphor for obeying. Alternate translation: “serve other gods” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
8:19 u2bq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 These instances of “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
8:19 rd16 0 “I warn you” or “I tell you in front of witnesses”
|
||
8:19 umv6 0 “you will certainly die”
|
||
8:20 d86j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 All these instances of “you” and “your” are plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
8:20 a8kh 0 “in front of you”
|
||
8:20 l83x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “the voice of Yahweh” means what Yahweh tells his people to do. Alternate translation: “would not obey Yahweh’s commandments” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
9:intro id6j 0 # Deuteronomy 09 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Yahweh’s victory\nThis chapter assures the Israelites that it is Yahweh who will empower them to conquer the Promised Land. The Israelites will not be strong enough on their own to conquer these other nations. This victory will be Yahweh’s. The people did not earn this victory, but it is Yahweh’s punishment of these sinful nations. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])\n\n### Israel’s sin\nYahweh is about to punish the Canaanites for their sin. He also reminds Israel of their sin. This serves as a warning to the people of Israel. If they sin again, Yahweh will punish them too.
|
||
9:1 iqh4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
9:1 wy46 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The word “Israel” is a metonym for the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Listen, people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
9:1 n75r 0 “to take the land from”
|
||
9:1 zw1n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole 0 This is an exaggeration that emphasizes how frightened the people were because the cities were so large and strong. See how you translated similar words in [Deuteronomy 1:28](../01/28.md). Alternate translation: “have walls so high it is like they reach up to the heavens” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||
9:2 s1te rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 Descendants of the Anak people who were very large and fierce. See how you translated similar words in [Deuteronomy 1:28](../01/28.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
9:2 ar68 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 This means that the sons of Anak were powerful and people were afraid of them. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “There is no one who can defend himself against the sons of Anak.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
9:3 ax4l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
9:3 jgy6 0 Moses is speaking of the days and weeks beginning on that day, not of the time since the sun had last set.
|
||
9:3 aj58 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile 0 Yahweh is powerful and able to destroy the armies of the other nations. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||
9:3 neu7 0 “make them weak so you can control them”
|
||
9:4 jp4r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
9:4 xr9c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “in your heart” means “in your thoughts.” Alternate translation: “Do not think to yourselves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
9:4 hm6e 0 “has driven the other peoples out”
|
||
9:5 bb7i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
9:5 r3iq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. “because you always thought and desired the right things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
9:5 e9iz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “the word” refers to what God has promised. Alternate translation: “so that he may fulfill the promise” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
9:5 hb36 0 Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob are the “ancestors” of whom Moses is speaking.
|
||
9:6 hql8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
9:7 rx7g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
9:7 jiv9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 Moses repeats the same command both positively and negatively to emphasize the importance of remembering. The command is plural. Alternate translation: “Be careful to remember” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
9:7 ze78 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Here “you” refers to the Israelites that are present with Moses and also the Israelites of the previous generation. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
9:7 ldb8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 These instances of “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
9:7 kd2z 0 This refers to the Jordan River Valley.
|
||
9:8 rwk3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 These instances of “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
9:9 bu4r 0 Moses is reminding the people of Israel what happened in the past.
|
||
9:9 icg8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Here the second phrase clarifies that “the tablets of stone” are the ones on which God wrote the Ten Commandments. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
9:9 z7w7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
9:10 e2t6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh wrote on them the same words he had said to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
9:10 cq6h 0 It was as if Yahweh were a person standing in the middle of a fire and speaking with a loud voice.
|
||
9:10 v46n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract noun “assembly” can be expressed as the verb “gather together.” Alternate translation: “on the day when you Israelites all came and met together in one place” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
9:11 a75b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
9:11 cq34 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 The second phrase clarifies that “the two tablets of stone” are the ones on which God wrote the Ten Commandments. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
9:12 n8p5 0 “your people … are doing what is wrong.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:16](../04/16.md).
|
||
9:12 ce69 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks as if obeying God’s commands were walking along a path. Alternate translation: “They have already disobeyed my commands” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
9:14 lkr5 0 “make their name disappear completely” or “kill them all so no one will ever remember them.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 7:24](../07/24.md).
|
||
9:15 d8yc 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what happened in the past.
|
||
9:16 j8rb 0 The word “behold” here shows that Moses was surprised by what he saw.
|
||
9:16 ux9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The Israelites of the earlier generation had asked Aaron to make a metal calf so they could worship it. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
9:16 bf75 0 Moses speaks as if obeying God’s commands were walking along a path. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: “You had quickly disobeyed what Yahweh had commanded you”
|
||
9:17 r2ah 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||
9:17 x4n5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “your eyes” is a synecdoche for the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “I broke them right in front of you” or “I broke them where you could see them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
9:18 xf6d 0 “lay with my face on the ground.” This is a way of showing that Yahweh was great and Moses was not.
|
||
9:18 y3wm rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
9:19 li9n 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what happened in the past.
|
||
9:19 vv3j 0 The words “anger and hot displeasure” are a metonym for what Yahweh would do because he was angry and displeased. Alternate translation: “Yahweh was angry at you—he was extremely displeased with you—he was angry enough to destroy you, and so I was afraid of what he would do”
|
||
9:21 n7ea 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||
9:21 wf7q 0 Moses probably commanded other men to do the actual work. Alternate translation: “I had people take … burn … beat … grind … throw”
|
||
9:21 hql7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the gold calf itself referred to as their “sin.” Alternate translation: “the calf, which you sinfully made” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
9:22 t271 0 Moses continues to remind the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||
9:22 n8jq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 These are names of places that the people of Israel went through while they were in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
9:23 xz23 0 They were on low land, and the land Yahweh had told them to take was in the hills, so they had to go uphill to get to it.
|
||
9:23 dxq9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The word “commandment” is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “rebelled against Yahweh; you did not obey the commandment” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
9:23 bfb9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “his voice” means what God had said. Alternate translation: “obey what he said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
9:24 r243 0 “from the time I began to lead you.” Some translations read “from the day that he knew you,” the day that Yahweh first knew them.
|
||
9:25 fq4v 0 Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||
9:25 tka1 0 “lay with my face on the ground.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 9:18](../09/18.md).
|
||
9:25 j7rs rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
9:26 ki6v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks as if Yahweh had rescued the Israelites by paying money to free them from slavery. Alternate translation: “you have rescued” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
9:26 mct6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The word “greatness” is a metonym for Yahweh’s great power. Alternate translation: “through your great power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
9:26 ifw2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Here “a mighty hand” refers to Yahweh’s power. See how you translated similar words in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “with your mighty power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
9:27 liv5 0 Moses continues praying to Yahweh so that he may not destroy the people of Israel.
|
||
9:27 hp8s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Remember” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
9:28 cc26 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The words “the land” are a metonym for the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: “so that the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
9:28 pt4p 0 “can say”
|
||
9:29 rw92 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 These phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of Yahweh’s power that he used to rescue his people. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
10:intro ceg6 0 # Deuteronomy 10 General Notes\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is a continuation of the previous chapter.\n\nThis chapter focuses on retelling the great things Yahweh has done. It is a continuation of the material from the previous chapter. It is possible that this is a type of sermon or homily, where Moses is giving the people instructions.
|
||
10:1 y2d7 0 Moses continues to remind the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||
10:1 zf2r 0 “After I finished praying”
|
||
10:1 sa1t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis 0 This refers to the first set of tablets that Moses had broken. Alternate translation: “the tablets you had before” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||
10:1 lyz6 0 This refers to Mount Sinai.
|
||
10:3 v71i 0 Moses continues to remind the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||
10:3 wt9n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis 0 This refers to the first set of tablets that Moses had broken. Alternate translation: “the tablets I had before” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||
10:3 u26k 0 “went up Mount Sinai”
|
||
10:4 gjg7 0 It was as if Yahweh were a person standing in the middle of a fire and speaking with a loud voice. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 9:10](../09/10.md).
|
||
10:4 ax1a 0 The abstract noun “assembly” can be expressed as the verb “gather together.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 9:10](../09/10.md). Alternate translation: “on the day when you Israelites all came and met together in one place”
|
||
10:5 wr6b 0 Moses continues to remind the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||
10:5 n7vn 0 Here “I” refers to Moses.
|
||
10:5 a3fq 0 “came down from Mount Sinai”
|
||
10:5 tia8 0 “in the box” or “in the chest”
|
||
10:6 kwb8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 The writer continues the short account of where the Israelites had traveled. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||
10:6 f4iw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 These are names of different places the people of Israel went through while in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
10:6 qpt1 0 Translator may add a footnote: “The name ‘Beeroth Bene Jaakan’ means ‘the wells that belonged to the sons of Jaakan’ or ‘the wells that belonged to the people of Jaakan.’”
|
||
10:6 l2u3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “that is where they buried him” or “the Israelites buried him there” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
10:6 pv97 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of Aaron’s son. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
10:7 rc19 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 This continues the background information about where the people of Israel traveled. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||
10:7 qs9a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 These are names of different places the people of Israel went through while in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
10:8 pl1x rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 The writer begins to explain why the tribe of Levi has no inheritance in the land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||
10:8 p84p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. “to offer the sacrifices that Yahweh requires” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
10:8 dqs6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “name” refers to authority. Alternate translation: “as representatives of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
10:8 br5a 0 “as they are doing today”
|
||
10:9 cy1j rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 The writer finishes explaining why the tribe of Levi has no inheritance in the land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||
10:9 u8bf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The tribe of Levi did not receive a portion of the promised land when they arrived there. The full meaning of this statement may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
10:9 v39n 0 Yahweh speaks of the special relationship that Aaron and his descendants will have with him as if Yahweh were something that they will inherit. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is what they will have” or “Yahweh will allow them to serve him and he will provide for them through that service”
|
||
10:9 knv8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “your” here is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
10:9 z9a9 0 “spoke to the tribe of Levi”
|
||
10:10 hja2 0 Moses resumes reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||
10:10 c3iz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal 0 “first” is the ordinal number for one. Here it refers to the first time Moses went up Mount Sinai to receive the stone tablets from Yahweh. “as I did the first time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||
10:10 kq11 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
10:10 n2kd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
10:11 ydj2 0 “take the land” or “take possession of the land”
|
||
10:11 yxy1 0 This refers to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
|
||
10:11 sre9 0 “that I would give to you, their descendants”
|
||
10:12 wg8e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
10:12 d3lk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Now, people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
10:12 x2jw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 Moses uses a question to teach the people of Israel. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God requires you to do no more than this: to fear … with all your soul.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
10:12 hd9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks as if obeying Yahweh were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “to obey all his commands” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
10:12 l6ea rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated these two phrases in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
10:13 ct9n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 Moses uses a question to teach the people of Israel. This rhetorical question begins with the words “what does Yahweh your God require of you, except to fear … with all your soul” in verse 12. It can be translated as a statement. “Yahweh your God requires you to do no more than this: to fear … with all your soul, to keep the commandments … for your own good.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
10:14 kf71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
10:14 m7ma 0 “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: to”
|
||
10:14 n5n6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism 0 These words show two extremes, and are combined to mean that all things everywhere belong to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||
10:14 ifm9 0 This refers to the highest places in the heavens. Everything in the heavens belong to God.
|
||
10:15 swp3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Here the word “you” refers to all the Israelites and is plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
10:16 g7qt 0 “Because of this”
|
||
10:16 f72x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The word “foreskin” refers to the fold of skin on a man’s private parts that is removed during circumcision. Here Moses is referring to a spiritual circumcision. This means the people must remove the sin from their lives. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
10:17 d6f4 0 “the supreme God” or “the only true God”
|
||
10:17 z3d6 0 “the supreme Lord” or “the greatest Lord”
|
||
10:17 b61i 0 “the one who causes people to fear”
|
||
10:18 u19l 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
10:18 rsq9 0 “Yahweh makes sure that people treat the fatherless justly”
|
||
10:18 j7ma 0 These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
|
||
10:18 c95p 0 A true widow is a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her in her old age.
|
||
10:19 wt1s 0 “Because of this”
|
||
10:20 ra84 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
10:20 m1qe 0 “he is the one you must worship”
|
||
10:20 zn42 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 To have a good relationship with Yahweh and to completely rely on him is spoken of as if the person were clinging to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “You must rely on him” or “He is the one you must rely on” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
10:20 t17w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 To swear by the name of Yahweh means to make Yahweh the basis or the power on which the oath is made. Here “name” represents Yahweh himself. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 6:13](../06/13.md). Alternate translation: “you will swear and ask Yahweh to confirm it” or “when you swear you will speak his name” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
10:21 d1ih rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “eyes” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “which you yourselves have seen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
10:21 ltw9 0 Possible meanings are (1) “He is the one you must praise” or (2) “It is because you worship him that other peoples will praise you”
|
||
10:22 es8i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they are one man, so “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
10:22 p41a 0 “traveled south to Egypt” or “went to Egypt”
|
||
10:22 ap9n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “70 persons” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
10:22 hh5t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile 0 This emphasizes the large number of Israelites that were with Moses. Alternate translation: “more than you can count” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||
11:intro ifg3 0 # Deuteronomy 11 General Notes\n## Structure and formatting\n\n### Therefore\nThis chapter begins with the word “therefore,” which looks back to the instructions Moses gave in the previous two chapters.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Eyewitnesses\nThe instruction that Moses gives and the retelling of the great things Yahweh has done for Israel are very important. This is because the generation entering into the Promised Land did not witness many of these events. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]])\n\n### Covenant\nThis chapter is included in the covenant God made with Moses, even though it is not explicitly said. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
11:1 sgh5 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
11:1 e1ef 0 “always obey”
|
||
11:2 s2x1 0 “who have not experienced”
|
||
11:2 vs5p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Here “mighty hand” and “outstretched arm” are metaphors for Yahweh’s power. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “or his mighty power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
11:3 b9xu 0 “in Egypt”
|
||
11:3 ss4y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “land” represents the people. Alternate translation: “to all his people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
11:4 hk2q 0 Moses continues speaking to the adult Israelites who were old enough to see what God did in Egypt.
|
||
11:4 put1 0 “Neither did your children see what Yahweh did”
|
||
11:4 py3h 0 “the Egyptian soldiers”
|
||
11:4 f5e5 0 Here “you” means the Israelites who were alive about 40 years earlier.
|
||
11:5 xr7g 0 This means the plain of the Jordan River Valley where Moses is speaking to them before they cross over into Canaan.
|
||
11:6 c93d 0 Moses continues to remind the adults to teach their children God’s mighty deeds.
|
||
11:6 krb7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 Moses is referring to an event in the past when Dathan and Abiram rebelled against Moses and Aaron. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
11:6 i1yg rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
11:6 c61u 0 “descendant of Reuben”
|
||
11:6 b3l3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification 0 Yahweh causing the land to split open so that the people fell in is spoken of as if the land had a mouth and the ability to swallow people. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||
11:6 gy9p 0 This refers to their servants and animals.
|
||
11:6 vi6h 0 This means all the people of Israel witnessed what happened to Dathan, Abiram, their families, and their possessions.
|
||
11:7 z5cl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “eyes” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “But you have seen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
11:8 in5y 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
11:8 b5ga 0 “take the land”
|
||
11:8 z7fm 0 The phrase “are going over” is used because the people of Israel will have to cross the Jordan River to enter into Canaan.
|
||
11:9 h376 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
11:9 gfv3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
11:10 nbu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Possible meanings are (1) “foot” is a metonym that represents the hard work of walking to carry water to the fields. Alternate translation: “worked hard to water it” or (2) they would use their feet to turn a water wheel that supplied water to the fields. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
11:10 kfl7 0 “vegetable garden” or “garden of vegetables”
|
||
11:11 wn5t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification 0 The land receiving and absorbing a lot of rain is spoken of as if the land were drinking the water. Alternate translation: “the rain from the sky gives it plenty of water” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||
11:12 a1x8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “eyes” represents attention and care. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God is always watching over it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
11:12 sxh3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism 0 Here the two extremes “beginning” and “end” are used together to mean the entire year. Alternate translation: “continuously throughout the entire year” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||
11:13 l1bu 0 This means that what Yahweh promises will happen if the Israelites obey his commands.
|
||
11:13 r5mf 0 Here “I” refers to Moses.
|
||
11:13 tfk6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 The idiom “with all your heart” means “completely” and “with … soul” means “with all your being.” These two phrases have similar meanings. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). Alternate translation: “with all your being” or “with all your energy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
11:14 y9qx 0 “I will cause it to rain on your land in the proper season”
|
||
11:14 b1z3 0 Here “I” refers to Yahweh. This can be stated in the third person. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will give” or “He will give”
|
||
11:14 w91t 0 This refers to rain at the beginning of the sowing season and rain for maturing the crops for harvest. Alternate translation: “the autumn rain and spring rain” or “the rain in the right seasons”
|
||
11:16 vz1g 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
11:16 j2pw 0 “Be careful” or “Beware”
|
||
11:16 f3wj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “heart” represents a person’s desires or thoughts. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that your desires do not deceive you” or “so that you do not deceive yourself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
11:16 a9sp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Rejecting Yahweh and worshiping other gods is spoken of as if the person would physically turn and go in a different direction away from Yahweh. Alternate translation: “you start worshiping other gods” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
11:17 zgj8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 God becoming angry is spoken of as if it were a fire that were starting. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that Yahweh does not become angry with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
11:17 a2a4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 God causing no rain to fall from the sky is spoken of as if he were closing the sky. Alternate translation: “so that he does not cause the rain to stop falling from the sky so that crops will not grow in the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
11:18 q8ih rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 A person always thinking about and considering what Moses commands is spoken of as if the heart and soul were a container and Moses’s words were the content to fill the container. Alternate translation: “be very careful to remember these words that I am saying to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
11:18 h8da 0 “these commands that I have given you”
|
||
11:18 i4pl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “heart” and “soul” represent a person’s mind or thoughts. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
11:18 qb2s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 “tie these words.” This is a metonym that represents a person writing the words on a parchment, putting the parchment in a pouch, and tying the pouch. This metonymy in turn may be a metaphor meaning the people must be careful to obey Moses’s commands. See how you translated similar phrases in [Deuteronomy 6:8](../06/08.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
11:18 y3rx 0 “as something to make you remember my laws”
|
||
11:18 gj3r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 “let my words be as frontlets between your eyes.” This is a metonym that represents a person writing Moses’ words on parchement, putting the parchement in a pouch, and tying the pouch so it sits between his eyes. This metonymy in turn may be a metaphor that means the person must be careful to obey all of Moses’ commands. See how you translated similar phrases in [Deuteronomy 6:8](../06/08.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
11:18 d4s2 0 ornaments a person wears on the forehead
|
||
11:19 yv8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism 0 Using the different places “in your house” and “on the road,” and the opposites “when you lie down” and “get up,” represent anywhere, anytime. The people of Israel were to discuss God’s commandments and teach them to their children anytime and anywhere. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||
11:20 d44d 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
11:20 f5zw 0 See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 6:9](../06/09.md).
|
||
11:21 s3fj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh may cause you and your children to live a long time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
11:21 pi2p 0 This refers to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
|
||
11:21 kg7q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile 0 This compares how long the people could stay in the land to how long the sky will exist above the earth. This is a way of saying “forever.” Alternate translation: “to give them as a possession forever” or “to allow them to live there forever” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||
11:22 qq4s 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
11:22 q3vs 0 “For if you are careful to do everything that I have commanded you”
|
||
11:22 bh45 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 How Yahweh wants a person to live and behave is spoken of as if they are Yahweh’s ways or roads. A person obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if he were walking on Yahweh’s ways or roads. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
11:22 e7rk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 To have a good relationship with Yahweh and to completely rely on him is spoken of as if the person were clinging to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “to rely on him” or “to have a good relationship with him” Look at how similar words are translated in [Deuteronomy 10:20](../10/20.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
11:23 zr2c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “nations” represent the people groups already living in Canaan. Alternate translation: “all of these people groups from before you, and you will take the land from people groups” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
11:23 u315 0 Although Israel’s army is smaller and weaker than the people groups living in Canaan, Yahweh will enable the people of Israel to defeat them.
|
||
11:24 v5q1 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
11:24 x2pi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “the sole of your foot” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “Every place you go” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
11:24 u891 0 “from the Euphrates River”
|
||
11:25 imb9 0 The phrase “stand before you” is an idiom. Alternate translation: “No one will be able to stop you” or “No one will be able to oppose you”
|
||
11:25 zn8i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh causing the people to be very afraid is spoken of as if fear and terror were an object that he will place on the people. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God will cause the people in every place you go to be very afraid of you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
11:25 r396 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 The words “fear” and “terror” mean the same thing and emphasize the intensity of fear. Alternate translation: “a terrible fear of you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
11:25 w58w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “the land” is a metonym for all the people in the land. Alternate translation: “upon all the people in every place you go” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
11:26 l2v1 0 Here Moses summarizes the two options the people of Israel could choose. They could choose to obey and receive God’s blessing or they could choose to disobey and receive God’s punishment.
|
||
11:26 tc5k 0 “Pay attention”
|
||
11:26 d2d5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Allowing the people to choose whether they want God to bless them or curse them is spoken of as if a blessing and a curse were objects that Moses is setting in front of them. Alternate translation: “Today you must choose whether God will bless you or curse you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
11:27 lzg6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract noun “blessing” can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: “God will bless you if you obey” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
11:28 ei5p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The commands of Yahweh that Moses is telling the people are spoken of as if they were God’s way or road. To not obey God’s commands is spoken of as if people physically were to turn in another direction away from Yahweh to follow other gods. Alternate translation: “but stop obeying what I command you today, in order to worship other gods” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
11:28 u5cq 0 This refers to the gods that other people groups worship. The Israelites know Yahweh because he has revealed himself to them and they have experienced his power.
|
||
11:29 m6sp 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
11:29 zsz3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The blessing and the curse are spoken of as if they were objects that someone will set on the mountains. Alternate translation: “some of you must stand on top of Mount Gerazim and proclaim what will cause Yahweh to bless you, and the others must stand on top of Mount Ebal and proclaim what will cause Yahweh to curse you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
11:29 t5wj rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 These are names of mountains on the west side of the Jordan River. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
11:30 k2bv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 The Israelites are on the eastern side of the Jordan River. Moses uses a question to remind the people where these mountains are located. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “As you know, they are beyond the Jordan … Moreh.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
11:30 b5qt 0 “on the west side of the Jordan River”
|
||
11:30 pgr7 0 “in the west”
|
||
11:30 rq9c rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 “near Gilgal” This may not be the same place as the city near Jericho. Moses may be referring to a place that is near Shechem. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
11:30 l23v rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 These are sacred trees near Gilgal. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
11:31 ke82 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
11:32 k55e 0 These are the statutes and decrees Moses will give in Deuteronomy 12-26.
|
||
11:32 h7se 0 This does not mean these are new. Moses is reviewing the same statutes and decrees that he gave 40 years earlier.
|
||
11:32 jh1q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 God’s statutes and decrees, which Moses is telling the people, are spoken of as if they were objects that Moses is setting before the people. Alternate translation: “I am giving to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
12:intro mt76 0 # Deuteronomy 12 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Covenant with Moses\n\nThis chapter is a continuation of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. The reasons for these food restrictions are not always known.(See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])\n\n### Israel and Yahweh\n\nIn the ancient Near East, when nations conquered other nations, they often added the gods of the conquered nation into their collection of gods they worshiped. It was rare to worship only one God. Israel was to be known for worshiping Yahweh and Yahweh alone. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
|
||
12:1 dsl2 0 Moses is still talking to the people of Israel.
|
||
12:1 pm4g 0 “you must obey”
|
||
12:1 bb6r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 The phrase “live on the earth” is an idiom that means as long as a person lives. Alternate translation: “for as long as you live” (See:[[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
12:2 vl2v 0 “You must destroy”
|
||
12:2 hx1l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “nations” represents the people groups that live in Canaan. Alternate translation: “the people groups whose land you will take” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
12:3 v1nf 0 Moses is still talking to the people of Israel.
|
||
12:3 ucw6 0 “you must pull apart the altars of those nations” or “you must destroy the altars of those nations”
|
||
12:3 ra63 0 “break into pieces” or “shatter”
|
||
12:3 cj66 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “their name” represents “the memory of them.” Alternate translation: “destroy them so completely that no one will remember them” or “destroy anything that represents these false gods” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
12:3 axu8 0 This refers to each place where the nations worshiped their gods.
|
||
12:4 c44f 0 “You should not worship Yahweh your God like those nations worshiped their gods”
|
||
12:5 h2cm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “his name” refers to God himself. Yahweh will choose one location where he will live and people will come to worship him there. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
12:5 x9cv 0 They will go to worship where God decides.
|
||
12:6 g357 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “the offerings that you present” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
12:6 cdg4 0 “your offerings to fulfill a vow, your voluntary offerings.” These are types of offerings.
|
||
12:6 n2pg 0 God requires that the people give him every firstborn male of their livestock.
|
||
12:7 tvl1 0 This refers to the place that Yahweh will choose for the children of Israel to worship.
|
||
12:7 a9rd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “put your hand to” represents the whole person and work that he has done. Alternate translation: “rejoice about all the work you have done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
12:8 jea6 0 “You will not do as we are doing here today.” This means that they would worship in the promised land differently than the way they were worshiping at that moment.
|
||
12:8 qri6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “everyone is doing what he considers to be right” or “now everyone is doing what he judges to be right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
12:9 b2t6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract noun “the rest” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “to the land where you will rest” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
12:9 d8re rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The land that God is giving to the people of Israel is spoken of as if it were a possession that a father leaves as an inheritance for his children. Alternate translation: “to the land that Yahweh your God is giving to you as a permanent possession” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
12:10 fj6s 0 This refers to the land of Canaan.
|
||
12:10 p9tv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 God giving the land of Canaan to the people of Israel is spoken of as if he were a father giving an inheritance to his children. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
12:10 d8yv 0 “he will give you peace from all your enemies around you”
|
||
12:11 v237 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “the offerings that you present” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
12:11 qts6 0 “all your voluntary offerings to fulfill vows”
|
||
12:12 x3cu 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
12:12 h8ry 0 “rejoice in the presence of Yahweh”
|
||
12:12 m7is rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “gates” is a reference to the city itself. Alternate translation: “the Levites who live inside your city” or “the Levites living with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
12:12 d42i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The fact that Yahweh would not give any of the land to the Levites is spoken of as if a father were not giving them an inheritance. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
12:12 b6hq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “he” refers to Levi. Levi represents all of his descendants. Alternate translation: “they have no portion” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
12:13 em7g 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
12:13 q449 0 “Be careful”
|
||
12:13 drj5 0 “any place that pleases you” or “wherever you want”
|
||
12:14 h4by 0 The burnt offerings are to be made at the tabernacle. Yahweh himself would choose where the tabernacle would be located.
|
||
12:15 kks6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The people could only kill animals as sacrifices in the place that Yahweh would choose. They could kill animals for food anywhere they wanted. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
12:15 lje2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “gates” represents the whole city. Alternate translation: “inside your city” or “at your homes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
12:15 pen3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
12:15 y3f4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 A person who is acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
12:15 u3a5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown 0 These are wild animals with long thin legs that can run quickly. Alternate translation: “the antelope and the deer” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||
12:16 fvd4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The blood represents life and God did not allow the people to eat the blood along with the meat. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
12:17 x27w 0 Moses describes to the people all the special offerings and sacrifices that are to be made at the tabernacle.
|
||
12:17 di9l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “gates” represents the whole city. Alternate translation: “inside your city” or “at your homes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
12:17 aau9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “nor that of any offering which you bring to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
12:18 nia1 0 Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
12:18 cbh7 0 “you will eat your offerings”
|
||
12:18 eev4 0 “in the presence of Yahweh
|
||
12:18 u63z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “gate” represents the whole city Alternate translation: “any Levite who lives inside your city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
12:18 icp1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “put your hand to” represents the whole person and work that he has done. Alternate translation: “rejoice about all the work you have done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
12:19 z7fg 0 “Be careful”
|
||
12:19 tz4c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives 0 This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “that you take good care of” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||
12:20 h1vp 0 “enlarges your territory” or “gives you even more land”
|
||
12:20 j573 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes 0 This is a quotation within a quotation. This direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “and you decide that you want to eat meat” (See:[[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||
12:20 fee8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “soul” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “as you want” or “as you crave” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
12:21 t8nl 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
12:21 q6z1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “name” refers to God himself. Yahweh would choose a place where he will live and the people will come to worship him. Alternate translation: “chooses to dwell” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
12:21 e7g3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “gates” represents the whole city.” Alternate translation: “inside your city” or “within your community” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
12:21 asm3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “soul” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “as you desire” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
12:22 kw43 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Just like you eat the gazelle and the deer” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
12:22 qhx1 0 These are wild animals with long thin legs that can run quickly. See how you translated these in [Deuteronomy 12:15](../12/15.md).
|
||
12:22 sff5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
12:22 y8v4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 A person who is acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
12:23 msu5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Here the way that blood sustains life is spoken of as if the blood were life itself. Alternate translation: “the blood sustains life” or “the blood causes animals and people to live” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
12:23 vr63 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The word “life” here represents the blood that sustains life. Alternate translation: “You will not eat what sustains life with the meat” or “you will not eat the blood, which sustains life, with the meat” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
12:25 l199 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what is right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
12:27 wp19 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the priest will pour out the blood of the sacrifice” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
12:27 tf6l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 God’s law specifies which parts of the animal are for the burnt offering, which parts are for the priest and which parts are for the offerer to eat. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “you will eat some of the meat” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
12:28 j39e 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
12:28 gnj3 0 “Carefully listen to and obey everything that I am commanding you”
|
||
12:28 zga7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “children” means all of their descendants. Alternate translation: “that you and your descendants may prosper” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
12:28 y6tl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 The words “good” and “right” have similar meanings and emphasize the importance of right behavior. Alternate translation: “when you do what is right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
12:28 ti37 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what is good and right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be good and right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
12:29 csu7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh destroying the people groups in Canaan is spoken of as if he were cutting them off, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
12:29 fzv1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “nations” represents the people living in Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
12:29 c22b 0 “when you take everything from them”
|
||
12:30 m6t9 0 “be careful”
|
||
12:30 n455 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 A person learning about and worshiping other gods is spoken of as if they are caught in a hunter’s trap. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that you do not act like them … that you do try to learn about their gods, asking” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
12:30 w8wj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The Israelites worshiping idols as the people groups of Canaan worship idols is spoken of as if the Israelites were following behind the other people groups. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
12:30 j6jf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “after Yahweh destroys them before you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
12:30 rz9c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes 0 This is a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “into asking about how those people groups worship their gods so that you can do the same.” (See:[[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||
12:32 zxp6 0 They are not to create more laws nor are they to ignore laws that God has given them.
|
||
13:intro e2ze 0 # Deuteronomy 13 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Worshiping other gods\n\nThe people were required to listen to Yahweh’s prophets unless they were encouraging the people to worship other gods. The punishment for anyone leading the people to worship other gods was death. These instructions were to keep Israel’s worship of Yahweh pure. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/purify]])
|
||
13:1 z8ea 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
13:1 ei8s 0 “If there appears among you” or “If someone among you claims to be”
|
||
13:1 d2pw 0 This is someone who receives messages from God through dreams.
|
||
13:1 ml5c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 These two words have similar meanings and refer to various miracles. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
13:2 b259 0 “takes place” or “happens”
|
||
13:2 nj6u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations 0 This can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “and he tells you to serve and worship other gods which you have not known,” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||
13:2 nsf6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Worshiping other gods is spoken of as if they were going after or following other gods. Alternate translation: “Let us follow other gods” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
13:2 mcy5 0 The phrase “gods, that you have not known” refers to the gods that other people groups worship. The Israelites know Yahweh because he has revealed himself to them and they have experienced his power.
|
||
13:3 z2lg 0 “do not listen to what that prophet say nor to what the dreamer of dreams says”
|
||
13:3 fp72 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
13:4 gw9x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if the people were walking after or following Yahweh. Alternate translation: “You will obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
13:4 s4p9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “voice” represents what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “obey what he says” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
13:4 ugl8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 To have a good relationship with Yahweh and to completely rely on him is spoken of as if the person were clinging to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “rely on him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
13:5 d5ix rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must kill” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
13:5 h1yd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract noun “rebellion” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “he has tried to make you rebel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
13:5 ttf1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh rescuing the people of Israel from being slaves in Egypt is spoken of as if Yahweh paid money to redeem his people out of slavery. Alternate translation: “who rescued you out of the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
13:5 z5ns rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “house of bondage” represents Egypt where the people of Yahweh had been slaves. Alternate translation: “Egypt where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
13:5 tbl6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 How God wants a person to live or behave is spoken of as if it were a way or road on which God wants his people to walk. A person trying to cause someone else to stop obeying God is spoken of as if the person were trying to get the other person to stop walking on God’s way or road. Alternate translation: “make you disobey what Yahweh your God commanded” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
13:5 nf2b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj 0 Here “the evil” refers to the evil person or the evil behavior. This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “So you must remove from among the people of Israel the person who does this evil thing” or “So you must kill this evil person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||
13:6 g89u 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
13:6 ync7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 A bosom is a person’s chest. This is a idiom that he holds close to his chest, which means he loves and cherishes her. Alternate translation: “wife you love” or “wife you dearly embrace” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
13:6 qme9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “soul” represents the person’s life. This means the person cares for his friend as much as he cares for his own life. Alternate translation: “your dearest friend” or “a friend you love as much as you love yourself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
13:7 rbz2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations 0 This is the end of a quotation within a quotation that begins with the words “secretly entices you and says, ‘Let us go and worship … neither you nor your ancestors—” in verse 6. It can be translated as an indirect quotation. “secretly entices you and says that you should go and worship … neither you nor your ancestors—any of the gods of the peoples … other end of the earth.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||
13:7 g6lt 0 “that are around you”
|
||
13:7 g5tj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism 0 Here the reference to the two extremes of the earth means “everywhere on earth.” Alternate translation: “throughout the entire earth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||
13:8 g9gf 0 “Do not agree to what he wants”
|
||
13:8 rg47 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “your eye” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “you msut not look at him with pity” or “you must not show him mercy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
13:8 k3lz 0 “you must not show him mercy or hide from others what he has done”
|
||
13:9 akr4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 This means that he was to throw the first stone at the guilty person. The word “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “you must be the first to strike him to kill him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
13:9 vu5l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “the other people will join you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
13:10 nt8a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 “to turn you away from Yahweh.” A person trying to cause someone else to stop obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if the person were trying to cause someone to physically turn around and leave Yahweh. Alternate translation: “he has tried to make you disobey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
13:10 cdm1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “house of bondage” represents Egypt where the people of Yahweh had been slaves. Alternate translation: “out from the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
13:11 ns29 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 It is implied that when the people hear about the person who was executed, they will be afraid to act like he did. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
13:12 j637 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
13:13 di92 0 The phrase “from among you” means that these wicked men were Israelites who lived in their communities.
|
||
13:13 tq34 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations 0 This can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “have persuaded those who live in their city to go and worship other gods that they have not known.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||
13:13 wb69 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 A person causing someone else to stop obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if the person has caused the other person to physically turn and leave Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
13:14 mc5u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 All of these phrases mean basically the same thing. Moses is emphasizing that they must carefully find out what truly happened at the city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
13:14 jbu3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the people of the city have done such a terrible thing” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
13:15 bq2m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “edge” represents the whole sword. Alternate translation: “with your swords” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
13:16 nsc2 0 “all the plunder.” This refers to the possessions and treasures that an army collects after winning a battle.
|
||
13:16 cj8w 0 “pile of ruins”
|
||
13:16 t2u6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one must ever rebuild the city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
13:17 qe75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh cursing something and promising to destroy it is spoken of as if Yahweh were setting the object apart from other things. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not keep any of the things God has commanded you to destroy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
13:17 brm9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is a way of saying a person keeps something. Alternate translation: “must you keep” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
13:17 d934 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh no longer being angry is spoken of as his anger were an object and Yahweh physically turns away from it. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will stop being angry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
13:17 vyv7 0 Here “fathers” means ancestors or forefathers.
|
||
13:18 zgj9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “voice” represents what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “you are obeying what Yahweh says” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
13:18 gjk4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “that which is right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “that which Yahweh your God considers to be right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
14:intro epl7 0 # Deuteronomy 14 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Law of Moses\nThis chapter is part of the law of Moses, which is part of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])\n\n### Clean animals\nThere are animals which the law considered to be clean and unclean. The people were not allowed to eat the unclean animals. Scholars are uncertain about the reasons for the animals to be considered to be clean or unclean. The result of these food restrictions was a nation that was different than the nations surrounding it. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])
|
||
14:1 yca2 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
14:1 c6vr 0 All occurrences of “you” refer to the people of Israel. Moses was included as a part of the people. Alternate translation: “We are the people”
|
||
14:1 qkn4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction 0 These were ways the people groups living in Canaan showed that they were grieving over people who had died. Moses is telling the people of Israel not to act like them. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
14:1 mp18 0 “nor shave the front of your head”
|
||
14:2 qr9z 0 All occurrences of “you” refer to the people of Israel. Moses was included as a part of the people. Alternate translation: “we are a nation … has chosen us”
|
||
14:2 ksd5 0 See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 7:6](../07/06.md).
|
||
14:2 l42y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh set them apart from all other nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God has set you apart from other nations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
14:2 z5bl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 This means basically the same thing as the first part of the sentence. They both mean that the people of Israel belong to Yahweh in a special way. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
14:2 nyn7 0 “a people for his treasured possession” or “his people”
|
||
14:2 twf5 0 “out of all the people groups in the world”
|
||
14:3 p2a3 0 The people of Israel were not supposed to eat anything that God said was unfit for eating.
|
||
14:5 pui3 0 These are all types of deer. If your language does not have a word for each animal it can be translated as “all kinds of deer.”
|
||
14:5 gg4e 0 This is wild animal with long thin legs that can run quickly. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 12:15](../12/15.md).
|
||
14:5 jxa4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown 0 a type of deer (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||
14:5 nud7 0 Both of these are types of antelope. If your language does not have a word for each animal it can be translated as “all kinds of antelope.”
|
||
14:5 byk8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown 0 a type of antelope (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||
14:6 tr2g 0 “that have split hooves.” This is a hoof that is split into two parts instead of being one whole.
|
||
14:6 wwj1 0 This means the animal brings its food up from its stomach and chews it again.
|
||
14:7 t8p3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown 0 This is a small animal with long ears that usually lives in holes in the ground. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||
14:7 t6es rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown 0 This is a small animal that lives in rocky places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||
14:7 c17f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Something Yahweh says is unfit for his people to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
14:8 v9dk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Something Yahweh says is unfit for his people to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
14:9 xv7h 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
14:9 w8p6 0 “You may eat these kinds of animals that live in the water”
|
||
14:9 j2pb 0 the thin, flat part which the fish uses to move through the water
|
||
14:9 r9ak 0 the small plates that cover the body of the fish
|
||
14:10 eh5w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Something Yahweh says is unfit for his people to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
14:11 w535 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 An animal that God says is fit for his people to eat is spoken of as if the animal were physically clean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
14:12 fqa4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown 0 These are birds that are either awake at night or feed on small animals and dead animals. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||
14:13 d7v7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown 0 These are birds that are either awake at night or feed on small animals and dead animals. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||
14:14 n72w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown 0 A bird that either is awake at night or feeds on small animals and dead animals. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||
14:17 z53d rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown 0 A bird that is either awake at night or feeds on small animals and dead animals. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||
14:18 h1j8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown 0 These are types of birds that eat small animals and lizards. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||
14:18 r1s4 0 animal with wings and furry body which is awake mainly at night and eats insects and rodents
|
||
14:19 jr8q 0 This means all flying insects that move in large groups.
|
||
14:19 inc1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Animals that God says are unfit for his people to eat are spoken of as if the animals are physically unclean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
14:19 x6ti rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must not eat them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
14:20 kx6u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Animals that God says are fit for his people to eat are spoken of as if the animals are physically clean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
14:21 h6ny 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
14:21 jv9x 0 This means an animal that dies a natural death.
|
||
14:21 z8y9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh set them apart from all other nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “For Yahweh your God has set you apart from other nations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
14:22 exv5 0 This means they are to give one part out of every ten equal parts from their crops.
|
||
14:22 q611 0 “every year”
|
||
14:23 n5kz 0 “in the presence of Yahweh”
|
||
14:24 zu5k 0 Here “it” refers to the tithe of crops and livestock.
|
||
14:25 gn1x 0 “you will sell your offering for money”
|
||
14:25 q4rb 0 “put the money in a bag and take it with you”
|
||
14:26 m22p 0 “for whatever you want”
|
||
14:26 qi5i 0 “in the presence of Yahweh”
|
||
14:27 kt4y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives 0 This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “make sure to give some of your tithe to the Levite” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||
14:27 wll4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The tribe of Levi did not receive a portion of land as their inheritance. Their share of the inheritance was the honor of serving Yahweh as his priests. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
14:27 lpl1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 God not giving land to the Levites is spoken of as if he were not giving them an inheritance. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
14:28 v3cb rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 Once every 3 years the Israelites were to store their tithes within their own towns so that it would be used to provide for the Levites, orphans, widows and foreigners. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
14:28 nf4w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “gates” represents the entire city or town. Alternate translation: “inside your city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
14:29 mju1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 God not giving any land to the Levites is spoken of as if he were not giving them an inheritance. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
14:29 qi4c 0 These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
|
||
14:29 v7bc 0 This is a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her in her old age.
|
||
14:29 zfp5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “hand” represents the whole person. This refers to the work that someone does. Alternate translation: “in all the work you do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
15:intro n3mh 0 # Deuteronomy 15 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Forgiveness of Debt\nThis chapter gives instructions about the necessity to regularly forgive debt among their fellow countryman. This prevented people from being trapped by their poverty.\n\n### Justice\nAs Yahweh’s chosen nation, there must be justice in Israel. This chapter gives commands that encouraged justice by protecting the poor, servants and slaves. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
|
||
15:1 s315 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
15:1 my7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “7 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
15:1 ym2l 0 “forgive every thing which people still owe you”
|
||
15:2 u4xx 0 “This is how to cancel the debts”
|
||
15:2 wti8 0 a person who lends money to other people
|
||
15:2 y5dj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 The words “neighbor” and “brother” share similar meanings and emphasize the close relationship that they have with their fellow Israelites. Alternate translation: “his fellow Israelite” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
15:2 l5im rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “because Yahweh has required that you cancel debts” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
15:3 xv49 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you must not demand it back” or “you must not require repayment” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
15:4 cxl8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj 0 The nominal adjective “poor” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “no poor people” or “no one who is poor” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||
15:4 t3us 0 This refers to the land of Canaan.
|
||
15:4 hsd1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The land that Yahweh is giving to his people is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that Yahweh is giving them. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
15:5 x28x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “voice of Yahweh” refers to what Yahweh himself says. Alternate translation: “if only you are careful to obey what Yahweh your God says” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
15:6 f39v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis 0 The word “money” is understood. You can make the full meaning of this statement clear. Alternate translation: “you will lend money … you will not borrow money” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||
15:6 p426 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “nations” represents the people. Alternate translation: “to the people of many nations … over the people of many nations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
15:6 p9hi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Here “rule over” means to be financially superior. This means basically the same thing as the previous part of the sentence. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
15:7 e7tf 0 Here “man” means a person in general. Alternate translation: “If there is a poor person”
|
||
15:7 yi5v 0 “one of your fellow Israelites”
|
||
15:7 cw85 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “gates” represents the entire city or town. Alternate translation: “within any of your towns” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
15:7 s1y1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Being stubborn is spoken of as if the person hardened their heart. Alternate translation: “you must not be stubborn” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
15:7 y4ak rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 A person who refuses to provide for a poor person is spoken of as if he were shutting his hand so that the poor person cannot get anything from him. Alternate translation: “nor refuse to help your fellow Israelite who is poor” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
15:8 x1h1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 A person who helps a poor person is spoken of as if he were opening his hand to him. Alternate translation: “but you must surely help him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
15:9 s6u9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “heart” represents a person’s mind. Alternate translation: “not to think a wicked thought” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
15:9 fc71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 It is implied that because the year of release will happen soon, the person thinking this will be reluctant to help a poor person since it is likely that the poor person will not have to pay him back. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
15:9 x9aa rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal 0 The word “seventh” is the ordinal number for seven. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||
15:9 fm5t 0 “the year to cancel debts”
|
||
15:9 k5ex rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Something that will happen soon is spoken of as if it were physically near. Alternate translation: “will happen soon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
15:9 n5bx 0 “so that you are not stubborn and refuse to give anything to your fellow Israelite”
|
||
15:9 ia9s 0 “shout to Yahweh for help”
|
||
15:9 qs88 0 “Yahweh will consider what you have done to be sinful”
|
||
15:10 r7sr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “heart” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “you should not regret it” or “you should be happy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||
15:10 ew7n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “put your hand to” represents the whole person and work that he has done. Alternate translation: “in all that you do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
15:11 yhm6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives 0 This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “For there will always be poor people in the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||
15:11 tq3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj 0 The nominal adjective “the poor” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “For poor people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||
15:11 vi74 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes 0 This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “I command you to open your hand … in your land” (See:[[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||
15:11 l4vm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 A person who is willing to help someone else is spoken of as if his hand were open. Alternate translation: “help your fellow Israelite, those who are needy, and those who are poor” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
15:11 v4zq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 The words “needy” and “poor” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that these are people who cannot help themselves. Alternate translation: “help your fellow Israelites who cannot help themselves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
15:12 g1va 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
15:12 s6rs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations 0 Here “brother” means an Israelite in general, whether a male or female. Alternate translation: “If a fellow Israelite” or “If a fellow Hebrew” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
|
||
15:12 s9n7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 If a person could not repay their debts, they sometimes sold themselves into slavery to pay what they owed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “sell themselves to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
15:12 xs42 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “6 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
15:12 m72h rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal 0 “year 7.” This “seventh” is the ordinal number for seven. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||
15:13 f4yl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 A person who has no possessions to provide for himself or his family is spoken of as if his hands were empty. Alternate translation: “you must not let him leave without having anything to provide for himself and his family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
15:14 t5ik 0 “generously give to him”
|
||
15:15 hx9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Here “you” includes their ancestors that were slaves for many years. Alternate translation: “remember that your people were once slaves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
15:15 r2nh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh rescuing the people of Israel from being slaves in Egypt is spoken of as if Yahweh paid money to redeem his people from slavery. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
15:16 dd3q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes 0 This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “if he says to you that he will not go away from you,” (See:[[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||
15:16 g927 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “house” represents the person’s family. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
15:17 dml6 0 “then you will place his head near a wooden door frame in your house, and then put the point of the awl through his earlobe into the wood”
|
||
15:17 b9kr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown 0 a sharp, pointed tool used to make a hole (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||
15:17 re8m 0 “until the end of his life” or “until he dies”
|
||
15:18 in4n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes 0 This means that they are not resent it when they let someone go free. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Be pleased when you let him go free” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||
15:18 s7d6 0 This means the owner only had to pay have the amount for this slave to work than he would for a person he hired to do a job.
|
||
15:18 xdz6 0 This is a person who works for pay.
|
||
15:19 fl68 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
15:19 f3xu 0 to cut off wool or hair
|
||
15:20 c1pf 0 “in the presence of Yahweh”
|
||
15:20 w1lv 0 “each year” or “every year”
|
||
15:21 t6e5 0 crippled or physically disabled
|
||
15:22 qx8i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “gates” represents the city or town. Alternate translation: “within your community” or “inside your city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
15:22 rqw8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
15:22 b1cn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 A person who is acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
15:22 lxt5 0 These are wild animals with long thin legs that can run quickly. See how you translated these in [Deuteronomy 12:15](../12/15.md).
|
||
15:23 bw7p 0 “you must not consume its blood.” Yahweh did not allow Israelites to consume blood because the blood represented life ([Deuteronomy 12:23](../12/23.md)).
|
||
16:intro fgs7 0 # Deuteronomy 16 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Festivals\n\nThis chapter retells the specific commands about how to celebrate the Passover. This recalled the Passover in Egypt, which was an important event in the formation of the nation of Israel. There are several other important festivals described in this chapter. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]])\n\n### Life in Israel\n\nAs Yahweh’s chosen nation, there must be justice in Israel. Also, Yahweh must be the only God in Israel. He alone is to be worshiped. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
|
||
16:1 v2as 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
16:1 q8mq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths 0 This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God brought the people of Israel out of Egypt. It is during the last part of March and the first part April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
16:1 l33g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 It is implied by “keep the Passover” that they would celebrate and eat the Passover meal. Alternate translation: “celebrate the Passover meal” or “eat the Passover meal” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
16:2 f3xc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “Passover” represents the animal that is sacrificed for the Passover celebration. Alternate translation: For the Passover you will offer a sacrifice” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
16:3 fgj8 0 Here “it” refers to the animal they will sacrifice and eat.
|
||
16:3 du99 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “7 days” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
16:3 m6rj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 This was the name of the unleavened bread. The full meaning can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “this bread will remind you of how much you suffered while in Egypt” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
16:3 df5u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The people had to leave Egypt so quickly that they did not have enough time to make bread with yeast in it. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “out of the land of Egypt in such hurry you did not have time to make bread with yeast in it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
16:3 zi9r 0 “Do this as long as you live”
|
||
16:3 k8n3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
16:4 jvu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not have any yeast among you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
16:4 t1u8 0 “inside all your territory” or “in all your land”
|
||
16:4 uc3u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal 0 This “first” is the ordinal number for one. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||
16:5 s93m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “Passover” represents the animal that will be sacrificed. Alternate translation: “For the Passover you may not sacrifice the animal” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
16:5 x2av rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “gates” represents the cities or towns. Alternate translation: “within any of your towns” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
16:6 u7ep 0 “at sunset”
|
||
16:7 f6n3 0 “You must cook it”
|
||
16:8 pjy1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “6 days” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
16:8 sj92 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal 0 “seventh” is the ordinal number for seven. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||
16:8 xq7m 0 “special gathering”
|
||
16:9 mq43 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
16:9 y8w1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “count 7 weeks” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
16:9 bxy9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 The phrase “put the sickle to the standing grain” is a way of referring to the beginning of harvest time. Alternate translation: “from the time that you begin harvesting the grain” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
16:9 w3cl rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown 0 a tool with a curved blade used for cutting grass, grain, and vines (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||
16:10 pjc9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “and you will give your free will offering” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
16:10 n1v1 0 “according to the harvest which Yahweh your God has given you” This means that the people will base how much they offer on how much they harvested that year.
|
||
16:11 vju9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun 0 These do not refer to a specific person. It means these types of people in general. Alternate translation: “your sons, your daughters, your male servants, your females servants, any Levite” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||
16:11 h2jm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “gates” represents cities or towns. Alternate translation: “within your towns” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
16:11 g2r8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun 0 This refers to these types of people in general. Alternate translation: “all foreigners, orphans, and widows” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||
16:11 kg4w 0 These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
|
||
16:11 i5b3 0 This means a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her in her old age.
|
||
16:12 ku33 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
16:13 fy5u 0 Other names for this festival are “Feast of Tabernacles,” “Festival of Booths,” and “Feast of the Ingathering.” During harvest time, farmers would set up temporary shelters in the field. This festival took place after the last harvest of the year.
|
||
16:13 s5xw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “7 days” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
16:14 uv5f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here the word “gates” represents cities or towns. Alternate translation: “within your towns” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
16:15 ec92 0 “the Festival of Shelters”
|
||
16:15 c3hy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “hands” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “all the work you do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
16:16 g2xh 0 Females were allowed, but Yahweh did not require that they come. The men could represent their whole families.
|
||
16:16 cxc2 0 “must come and stand in the presence of Yahweh”
|
||
16:16 pku8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes 0 “They will not come before Yahweh without an offering” These two negative phrases together have a positive meaning. Alternate translation: “Every person who comes before Yahweh must bring an offering” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||
16:18 g2as 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
16:18 dc3d 0 “You must appoint judges” or “You must choose judges”
|
||
16:18 vxu2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “gates” represents a city or town. Alternate translation: “within all your towns” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
16:18 we4m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you will choose them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
16:18 reh9 0 “judge the people fairly”
|
||
16:19 c8iq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks of justice as if it were a physical object that a strong person can violently pull away from a weak person. This can be stated in positive form. Your language might have one word that means “use force to take away.” Alternate translation: “You must not be unfair when you judge” or “You must make just decisions” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||
16:19 lqn9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Here “You” refers to those who will be appointed as judges and officers. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
16:19 f47g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Taking a bribe is spoken of as if the bribe were corrupting the people. Alternate translation: “for even a wise man who accepts a bribe will become blind, and even a righteous man who accepts a bribe will tell lies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
16:19 mk49 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 A wise person who accepts a bribe so that he does not speak against something evil is spoken of as if he becomes blind. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
16:19 pu4g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj 0 The nominal adjective “the wise” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “a wise person” or “wise people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||
16:19 m8gc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj 0 The nominal adjective “righteous” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “causes a righteous person to lie” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||
16:20 xm5v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 justice is spoken of as a person who is walking. A person who is doing what is fair and just is spoken of as if he was following close behindjustice. Alternate translation: “do only what is fair” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
16:20 b78e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Receiving the land that God is giving to the people is spoken of as if the people are inheriting the land from God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
16:21 ec3t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Here “You” refers to all the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
16:22 mw2w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish 0 The phrase “which Yahweh your God hates” is giving more information about the sacred stone pillar. Alternate translation: “any sacred stone pillar because Yahweh your God hates them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
|
||
16:22 s7sn 0 This refers to pillars that are idols used to worship false gods.
|
||
17:intro a3z4 0 # Deuteronomy 17 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Witnesses\nIn the ancient Near East, it was common for a person to be punished by the testimony of a single person, especially if this was an important person. The rules in this chapter give protection to people, especially the poor by requiring multiple witnesses. This allowed justice to be done. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])\n\n### King\nIsrael was not to have a king because Yahweh was their king. Knowing the sinfulness of the people, Yahweh anticipated that one day Israel would have a king. Therefore, this passage gives commands about their king prophetically. They were not allowed to collect chariots because they were a sign of earthly power and the king was to trust in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
17:1 a78k 0 Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
17:1 d6zp 0 “that has a blemish” or “that has something wrong with it.” The animal is to appear healthy without any deformity.
|
||
17:1 y292 0 “that would be disgusting to Yahweh”
|
||
17:2 ljz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If you find someone” or “If there is anyone” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
17:2 liy9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “city gates” represents cities or towns. Alternate translation: “living in one of your cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
17:2 f7d1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “something that Yahweh your God thinks is evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
17:2 yhj2 0 “disobeys his covenant”
|
||
17:4 pz4e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if someone tells you about this disobedient act” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
17:4 fqc1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract noun “investigation” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “you must carefully investigate what happened” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
17:4 b585 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone has done such a horrible thing in Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
17:6 rul7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “the mouth” represents the testimony of a witness. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “If two or three witnesses speak against the person, then you must execute him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
17:6 d4v8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “the mouth” represents the testimony of a witness. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “but if only one person speaks against him, then you must not execute him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
17:7 zj7l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “hand” represents the entire group of witnesses. Alternate translation: “The witnesses themselves must be the first ones to throw stones. Then all the people will execute the person by throwing stones at him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
17:7 c151 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj 0 The nominal adjective “the evil” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites this person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||
17:8 q5bw 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
17:8 j7yz 0 “If there is a matter” or “If there is a situation”
|
||
17:8 ahf5 0 A “right” is a person’s legal authority to do something or to possess something.
|
||
17:9 i57n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract noun “advice” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “you will ask them to advise you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
17:9 xe5f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract noun “verdict” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “they will decide on the matter” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
17:11 n3uq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 A person obeying what the priests and judge decide is spoken of as if the person were physically following behind the law. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must obey what the judge and priests decide about the matter” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
17:11 a1r9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 A person not doing exactly what the judge and priests say is spoken of as if he were turning off the correct path. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Do not disobey anything they tell you” or “Do everything they say” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
17:12 l4fz 0 “and does not obey the priest … or does not obey the judge”
|
||
17:12 u7c6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj 0 The nominal adjective “the evil” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||
17:13 xm49 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 It is implied that when the people hear about the person who was executed for acting arrogantly, they will be afraid and not act arrogantly themselves. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
17:14 t6n8 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
17:14 wkl6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go 0 The word “come to” can be translated as “gone to” or “entered.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
|
||
17:14 x3gq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes 0 This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “then you decide that you want a king just like the peoples of the nations that surround you have kings,” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||
17:14 n7ly rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns 0 Moses has the people speaking as if they were one person. It may be more natural to translate this with plural pronouns. Alternate translation: “We will set over ourselves … round about us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||
17:14 gm2m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Giving someone the authority to rule as king in Israel is spoken of as if the people were setting the person in a place above them. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
17:14 c8nt 0 “all the surrounding nations”
|
||
17:14 ie3y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “nations” represent the people who live in the nations. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
17:15 x8fl 0 “one of your fellow Israelites”
|
||
17:15 q7px rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 Both of these phrases mean the same thing. They both refer to a person who is not an Israelite. Yahweh is emphasizing that the people of Israel should not let a foreigner rule over them. Alternate translation: “a foreigner over yourself” or “a non-Israelite over yourself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
17:16 pr1w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes 0 This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “for Yahweh had said that you must never return to Egypt again.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||
17:17 zj8g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “heart” refers to the whole person. An Israelite king who marries foreign wives and starts to worship their false gods is spoken of as if his heart were to turn away from Yahweh. Alternate translation: “so that they do not cause him to stop honoring Yahweh and start worshiping false gods” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
17:18 tt3z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “throne” represents the person’s power and authority as king. To sit on the throne means to become king. Alternate translation: “When he becomes king” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
17:18 h6x6 0 Possible meanings are (1) “he must personally write in a scroll a copy of this law for himself” or (2) “he must appoint someone to write in a scroll a copy of this law for him”
|
||
17:18 xh2p 0 “from the copy of the law that the Levitical priests keep”
|
||
17:19 f877 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the king must obey all of God’s law. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
17:20 b7e5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “his heart” refers to the whole person. A king becoming arrogant is spoken of as if his heart were lifted up. Alternate translation: “so that he does not become arrogant” or “so that he does not think he is better than his fellow Israelites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
17:20 idm3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 A king disobeying God’s commands is spoken of as if a person were to turn off the correct path. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “so that he does not disobey any of the commandments” or “so that he obeys all of the commandments” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||
17:20 sa87 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Long days is a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated a similar phrase “prolong your days” in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
18:intro u6pf 0 # Deuteronomy 18 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Levites\nAs Yahweh’s chosen priests, the priest were to trust in Yahweh to provide for them. He provided for them through the rest of the Israelites. Yahweh was their inheritance. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]])\n\n### Messiah\nThis chapter is one of the first prophecies about the promised, coming Messiah. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
|
||
18:1 ztw1 0 Moses continues telling the people what Yahweh wants them to do.
|
||
18:1 u386 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The Levites not receiving any land from Yahweh is spoken of as if they would not receive an inheritance. Alternate translation: “will not possess any of the people’s land” or “will not receive any of the land that the Israelites will possess” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
18:1 z6rx 0 “no part” or “no share”
|
||
18:2 h6ef 0 “among the other tribes of Israel” or “among the other Israelites”
|
||
18:2 pd8k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks of the great honor that Aaron and his descendants will have by serving Yahweh as priests as if Yahweh were something that they will inherit. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 10:9](../10/09.md). Alternate translation: “instead, they will have Yahweh” or “instead, Yahweh will allow them to serve him and he will provide for them through that service” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
18:3 bn85 0 This is the stomach and intestines.
|
||
18:4 g5u8 0 “you must give to the priest”
|
||
18:5 py8r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “him” represents all the Levites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
18:5 g5j5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “the name of Yahweh” stands for Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate translation: “to be his special servants” or “to serve as a representative of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
18:5 ep9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “him” represents all the Levites. Alternate translation: “the Levites and their descendants forever” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
18:6 we5s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “strongly desires” or “really wants” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
18:7 p9jv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “name” represents Yahweh and his authority. Alternate translation: “then he must serve Yahweh his God as a priest” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
18:7 a94d 0 “who serve in the sanctuary in the presence of Yahweh”
|
||
18:8 c8rp 0 This is what the priest would inherit from his father.
|
||
18:9 gvb6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go 0 Here “come” can be translated as “gone” or “entered.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
|
||
18:9 b17w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 God hates the religious activities of the people in the surrounding nations. He considers them to be terribly evil. Here “nations” represents the people. Alternate translation: “you must not do the terrible things that the people of the other nations do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
18:10 ey79 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “There must not be anyone among you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
18:10 hta7 0 These are different ways of practicing magic. God has forbidden every kind of magic. If you do not have a word for all of these activities, it can be stated more generally. Alternate translation: “anyone who uses magic to try to find out what will happen in the future, to cast spells”
|
||
18:10 ugk5 0 One who reads the shapes and figures in a cup and who predicts future events from what they can see
|
||
18:11 g9dh 0 These are phrases for people who practice different kinds of magic. God has forbidden every kind of magic. If you do not have a word for all of these types of people, you can translate more generally. Alternate translation: “anyone who uses magic to cast spells, or to talk to the spirits of dead people”
|
||
18:12 ufu7 0 Here “them” refers to the people already living in Canaan.
|
||
18:14 aj59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “nations” stands for the people groups that live in Canaan. Alternate translation: “For these people groups” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
18:14 q8g1 0 “these nations whose land you will take”
|
||
18:15 y637 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
18:15 pp4p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh appointing a person to be a prophet is spoken of as if Yahweh would raise or lift the person up. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
18:15 m2rv 0 “one of your fellow Israelites”
|
||
18:16 v3y7 0 Here “you” refers to the Israelites at Mount Horeb about 40 years earlier.
|
||
18:16 iz2m 0 “on the day you gathered together at Horeb”
|
||
18:16 pp7b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes 0 This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “on the day of the assembly when you said that you did not want to hear the voice of Yahweh our God, nor see his great fire anymore, because you were afraid that you would die.” (See:[[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||
18:16 l7c6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here Yahweh is represented by his “voice” to emphasize what he says. Alternate translation: “Let us not hear Yahweh our God speak again” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
18:18 t95s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh appointing a person to be a prophet is spoken of as if Yahweh would raise or lift the person up. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
18:18 d8wb 0 “from among their fellow Israelites”
|
||
18:18 p717 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh telling the prophet what to say is spoken of as if Yahweh would put words in the prophet’s mouth. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
18:18 xl1v 0 “speak to the people of Israel”
|
||
18:19 pt28 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “my name” represents Yahweh and his authority. Alternate translation: “does not listen to him when he speaks my message” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
18:19 n8mr 0 “I will hold him responsible” or “I will punish him.” Here “him” refers to the person who does not listen to the prophet.
|
||
18:20 y6dm 0 Yahweh continues speaking.
|
||
18:20 pl2e 0 “who dares to speak a message” or “who is arrogant enough to speak a message”
|
||
18:20 ip16 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “my name” refers to Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate translation: “for me” or “with my authority” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
18:20 x88t 0 “a message”
|
||
18:20 f7vu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “name” represents the gods themselves or their authority. This means the prophet claims that false gods told him to speak a certain message. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
18:21 ryk5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “heart” represents the thoughts of a person. Alternate translation: “You ask yourself” or “You must say to yourself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
18:21 gbx1 0 “How will we know if the message that the prophet speaks is from Yahweh?” Here “we” refers to the people of Israel.
|
||
18:22 law3 0 Yahweh continues speaking.
|
||
18:22 kzp4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “name of Yahweh” refers to Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate translation: “a prophet claims to speak for me” or “a prophet claims to speak with my authority” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
18:22 ys2k 0 “the prophet has spoken this message without my authority”
|
||
19:intro r53s 0 # Deuteronomy 19 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Justice\nAnother way justice would be maintained in Israel was by avoiding revenge killings. This chapter describes the establishment of special cities to protect those fleeing from revenge killings. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]])\n\n### Witnesses\nIn the ancient Near East, it was common for a person to be punished by the testimony of a single person, especially if this was an important person. The rules in this chapter give protection to people, especially the poor by requiring multiple witnesses. This allowed justice to be done. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Law of retaliation\nThe chapter describes a famous law, often called the “law of retaliation.” It is said, an “eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot.” This does not mean a person who causes another person to lose their eye must have their own eye removed as punishment. This law is not about making all things equal. Instead, it is about limiting the punishment or the ability of a person to retaliate. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
19:1 rka3 0 Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
19:1 av28 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh destroying the people who live in Canaan is spoken of as if he were cutting them off, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
19:1 jh1z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 This represents the people groups that live in Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
19:1 y55w 0 “those nations who were living in the land that Yahweh your God is giving you”
|
||
19:1 kl51 0 “take the land from those nations” or “possess the land after those nations are gone”
|
||
19:2 l8je rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “choose 3 cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
19:3 ty5v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 They were to build roads so that it would be easy for people to travel to these cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
19:3 g91q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 It is implied that one of the cities they choose must be in each part of the land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
19:3 psa1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh giving the land to the people of Israel is spoken of as if the people are inheriting the land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
19:4 inz6 0 “These are the instructions” or “These are the directions”
|
||
19:4 v7rc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis 0 The word “person” is understood. Alternate translation: “for a person who kills another person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||
19:4 cez8 0 “and who escapes to one of these cities” or “who runs to one of these cities”
|
||
19:4 k7eb 0 Here “neighbor” means any person in general. Alternate translation: “any person who kills another person by accident”
|
||
19:4 uvu6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 “but did not hate his neighbor before he killed him.” This implies there was no cause for him to kill his neighbor purposely. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
19:5 qb1k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo 0 The author gives a hypothetical situation where a person accidentally kills another person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||
19:5 i3cb 0 The iron part of the ax comes off the wooden handle.
|
||
19:5 wkv1 0 This means the head of the ax hits and kills the neighbor.
|
||
19:5 l3mr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 It is implied that the family of the dead man may try to get revenge. The man who killed him can flee to one of these cities, and the people there would protect him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
19:6 y7gu 0 Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
19:6 qq6p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “blood” represents the person who was killed. An “avenger of blood” is a close relative of the person who was killed. This relative is responsible for punishing the murderer. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
19:6 xgi5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “the one who killed the other person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
19:6 xc46 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Someone being very angry is spoken of as if anger were something that could become hot. Alternate translation: “and being very angry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
19:6 ugg9 0 “And the blood avenger strikes and kills the one who had killed the other person”
|
||
19:6 z4dg 0 “though that man did not deserve to die since he accidentally killed the other person and was not his enemy, and he had not planned to hurt the man”
|
||
19:8 bj18 0 Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
19:8 ge7t 0 “gives you more land to possess”
|
||
19:8 d84s 0 “like he promised your ancestors that he would do”
|
||
19:9 a3eh 0 “if you obey all these commandments”
|
||
19:9 jg6e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 How God wants a person to live or behave is spoken of as if it were Yahweh’s way or road. A person who obeys Yahweh is spoken of as if he were walking on Yahweh’s way or road. Alternate translation: “to always obey him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
19:9 yw53 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “then you must choose three more cities for a person to escape to if he accidentally kills someone” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
19:9 v9ky rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “in addition to the three cities you already established” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
19:10 pz9n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Do this so that family members do not kill an innocent person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
19:10 nw4x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “blood” represents a person’s life. To shed blood means to kill a person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one kills an innocent person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
19:10 g3td 0 “in the land” or “in the territory”
|
||
19:10 xf54 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The land that Yahweh is giving the people of Israel is spoken of as if it were an inheritance. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
19:10 jrj7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The people of Israel being guilty for a person dying because they did not build a city where he would be safe from the “blood avenger” is spoken of as if the guilt of his death is on them. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
19:10 swl5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “blood” represents a life and “bloodguilt” refers to the guilt someone has for killing an innocent person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
19:10 p59g 0 This means that if a family member kills an innocent person, then all the people of Israel will be guilty for letting that happen.
|
||
19:11 vzh1 0 Here “neighbor” means any person in general.
|
||
19:11 c5ne rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “hides and waits in order to kill him” or “plans to kill him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
19:11 k2et rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “attacks him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
19:11 fl1g 0 “hurts him so that he dies” or “and kills him”
|
||
19:12 y76n 0 “must send someone to get him and bring him back from the city that he escaped to”
|
||
19:12 w6c5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “give him over” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
19:12 wm9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “the hand” represents the authority of someone. Alternate translation: “to the authority of the responsible relative” or “to the responsible relative” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
19:12 mu7q 0 This is the relative of the person who was killed. This relative is responsible for punishing the murderer.
|
||
19:12 k525 0 “the murderer may die” or “the responsible relative may execute the murderer”
|
||
19:13 nzj3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “your eye” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “Do not show him mercy” or “Do not feel sorry for him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
19:13 bf7g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “bloodguilt” represents the guilt for murdering an innocent person. Alternate translation: “you must execute the murderer so that the people of Israel will not be guilty for the death of an innocent person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
19:13 m9xl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
19:14 ri32 0 Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
19:14 il44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “You must not take land away from your neighbor by moving the markers on the borders of his land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
19:14 z3yt 0 “that your ancestors placed”
|
||
19:14 aq1b 0 Moses means that when the people have lived in the land for a long time, they should not move the borders that their ancestors made when they first took the land.
|
||
19:14 xa6i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh giving the land to the people of Israel is spoken of as if they were inheriting the land. Alternate translation: “in the land that Yahweh your God is giving to you to possess” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
19:15 d18z 0 Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
19:15 qy58 0 “A single witness” or “Only one witness”
|
||
19:15 j3fr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 Here “rise up” means to stand up in court and speak against someone to a judge. Alternate translation: “must not speak to the judges about something bad that a man did” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
19:15 am59 0 “anytime that a man does something bad”
|
||
19:15 hv5m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “mouth” represents what the witnesses say. It is implied that there must be at least two or three witnesses. Alternate translation: “at the testimony of at least two or three people” or “based on what at least two or three people say happened” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
19:15 b9c6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “will you confirm that the man is guilty” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
19:16 nhi5 0 “When” or “If”
|
||
19:16 ece2 0 “a witness who intends to harm someone else”
|
||
19:16 zqg3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 Here “rise up” means to stand up in court and speak against someone to a judge. Alternate translation: “tells the judge that a man sinned in order to get the man in trouble” or “tells the judge that a man sinned, so the judge will punish him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
19:17 e77t 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||
19:17 l9ti 0 “the ones who disagree with one another”
|
||
19:17 xh66 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 This means the two persons must go to the sanctuary where Yahweh’s presence dwells. At the sanctuary are priests and judges who have the authority to make legal decisions for Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
19:17 d8nf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 The phrase “stand before” is an idiom. It means to go to someone with authority and let him make a legal decision about a matter. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
19:18 cr9r 0 “The judges must work very hard to determine what happened”
|
||
19:19 b5ya 0 “then you must punish the false witness in the same way as he wanted you to punish the other man”
|
||
19:19 p5aa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj 0 The nominal adjective “the evil” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “you will remove the evil practice from among you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||
19:20 a23d 0 “When you punish the false witness, the rest of the people”
|
||
19:20 n7hc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “will hear about the punishment and be afraid of getting punished” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
19:20 wqw9 0 “never again do something evil like that”
|
||
19:21 z5fm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “eyes” refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: “You must not pity him” or “You must not show him mercy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
19:21 nz4x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis 0 Here the phrases are shortened because the meaning is understood. It means the people must punish a person in the same way that he harmed another person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||
20:intro qq8m 0 # Deuteronomy 20 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Yahweh’s protection\nIsrael was not to worry about the power and strength of other nations. Instead, they were to trust in the power of Yahweh. He is the source of their military strength and protection. This is why a priest leads them into battle, rather than a military commander. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])\n\n### Holy war\nIsrael’s conquering of the Promised Land was unique in history. It was a type of holy war and had special rules. This war was really Yahweh’s punishment against the sin of the Canaanite people. If the people were not completely destroyed, they would cause Israel to sin. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### “What man is there”\nThis phrase is used several times to introduce a rhetorical question. The questions are intended to tell the readers that Yahweh only wants soldiers who are completely dedicated to fighting for him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Excused from fighting\nIn ancient Israel, men were excused from fighting in battle for several different reasons. Some of these reasons are mentioned in this chapter. Apparently, needing to establish a new house, the need to harvest a field and cowardice were possible excuses. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
20:1 x89z 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
20:1 ei7a 0 “When you go out to fight in a war against your enemies”
|
||
20:1 r5j1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 People considered an army with many horses and chariots to be very strong. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
20:1 ta4q 0 Yahweh brought the people from Egypt to Canaan. It was common to use the word “up” to refer to traveling from Egypt to Canaan. Alternate translation: “Yahweh who led you out from the land of Egypt”
|
||
20:2 a8vr 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
20:2 qi76 0 “speak to the soldiers of Israel”
|
||
20:3 fy5i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 These four expressions all mean the same thing and strongly emphasize that they are not to be afraid. If your language does not have four ways to express this concept, you may use less than four. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
20:3 e17d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “hearts” represents people’s courage. For a heart to faint is an idiom that means “Do not be afraid.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
20:4 mdt8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh defeating the enemies of the people of Israel is spoken of as if Yahweh were a warrior who would fight along with the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
20:4 fvb1 0 “to give you victory”
|
||
20:5 dxx2 0 Moses says what the army officers must say to the people of Israel before a battle.
|
||
20:5 i6ss rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 One of the officers’ jobs was to decide who could leave the army. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
20:5 x2xn 0 “If any soldier here has built a new house and has not dedicated it, he should go back to his house”
|
||
20:5 ti4c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo 0 The officer is describing a situation that could possibly happen to a soldier. Alternate translation: “so that, if he dies in battle, another man will not dedicate his house instead of him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||
20:6 yru7 0 Moses continues describing situations that allow a man to leave the military.
|
||
20:6 vr9v 0 “If any soldier here has a new vineyard, but has not yet harvested its grapes, he should go back to his house”
|
||
20:6 tal6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo 0 The officer is describing a situation that could possibly happen to a soldier. Alternate translation: “so that, if he dies in battle, another man will not harvest its fruit instead of him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||
20:7 n1rz 0 “If any soldier here has promised to marry a woman, but has not yet married her, he should go back to his house”
|
||
20:7 c3bq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo 0 The officer is describing a situation that could possibly happen to a soldier. Alternate translation: “so that, if he dies in battle, another man does not marry her instead of him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||
20:8 q7ui 0 Moses continues describing situations that allow a man to leave the military.
|
||
20:8 bjh6 0 “If any soldier here is afraid and not brave, he should go back to his house”
|
||
20:8 xs8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 Both of these words mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “afraid to fight in battle” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
20:8 vra8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “another Israelite does not become afraid like he is afraid” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
20:8 j8t4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “heart” represents a person’s courage. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
20:9 bl8n 0 “the officers must appoint people to be commanders and to lead the people of Israel”
|
||
20:10 tgm2 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
20:10 gc68 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “city” represents the people. Alternate translation: “When you go to attack the people of a city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
20:10 bde3 0 “give the people in the city a chance to surrender”
|
||
20:11 yd6l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “gates” refers to the city gates. The phrase “open their gates to you” represents the people surrendering and allowing the Israelites to enter their city. Alternate translation: “let you enter their city peacefully” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
20:11 lru9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all the people in the city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
20:11 pf8b 0 “must become your slaves”
|
||
20:12 c8y1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “it” refers to the city which represents the people. Alternate translation: “But if the people of the city do not surrender” or “But if the people of the city do not accept your offer of peace” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
20:14 hl2w 0 “the children”
|
||
20:14 h4ld 0 “all the valuable things”
|
||
20:14 yev9 0 These are the valuable things which people who win a battle take from the people they attacked.
|
||
20:15 yvw9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “cities” represents the people. Alternate translation: “all the people who live in cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
20:16 n8lj 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
20:16 wi9a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The cities in Canaan that Yahweh is giving to the people is spoken of as if the cities were the people’s inheritance. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
20:16 ql5j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes 0 “you must not let any living thing stay alive.” This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “you must kill every living thing” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||
20:17 v49s 0 “you must completely destroy these people groups”
|
||
20:18 kl2b 0 “Destroy these nations so that they”
|
||
20:18 ya8k 0 “to act in abominable ways like the people in these nations have done with their gods”
|
||
20:18 i63g 0 “If you act like these people, you will sin against Yahweh your God”
|
||
20:19 lcz9 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
20:19 sqm5 0 “fight in a war”
|
||
20:19 sg5n 0 “by cutting down the trees with an ax”
|
||
20:19 m55u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 This rhetorical question is to remind the people of what they should already know. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “For fruit trees are not people, so they are not your enemy.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
20:20 gis7 0 “you know are not trees that grow fruit to eat”
|
||
20:20 czc4 0 These are tools and structures, such as ladders and towers, that are needed to lay siege to a city.
|
||
20:20 g9ny rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “until the people of the city lose the war” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
20:20 fdg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “it” refers to the city which represents the people of the city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
21:intro qfb6 0 # Deuteronomy 21 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Elders\nOlder men were required to lead the people of Israel and help to administer justice. These men would function as judges, which would later become a more official position. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])\n\n### Peace in Israel\nThe rules and instructions in this chapter help to ensure peace in Israel. This is not a military peace. Instead, it is about establishing peace within Israel and among the people.
|
||
21:1 g61z 0 Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||
21:1 z641 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If someone finds a person whom someone else has killed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
21:1 iqh7 0 The dead person is lying in the field.
|
||
21:1 w5dt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “nobody knows who attacked him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
21:2 p5xl 0 “they must measure the distance to the cities”
|
||
21:2 kj57 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “him whom someone has killed” or “the dead body” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
21:3 qle9 0 “has not worn a yoke”
|
||
21:4 c4aq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom for water that is moving. Alternate translation: “a stream” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
21:4 cc7w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “a valley where nobody has plowed the ground or planted seeds” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
21:5 lut7 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
21:5 k6ht 0 “must come to the valley”
|
||
21:5 f1vj 0 “because the priests are the ones whom Yahweh your God has chosen to serve him”
|
||
21:5 et1i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if he were speaking to one man, so the word “your” is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
21:5 gjj4 0 “bless the people of Israel”
|
||
21:5 dtv4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “in the name of” refers to Yahweh and his authority. Alternate translation: “as one who says and does what Yahweh himself would say and do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
21:5 d9ju 0 “Yahweh, and they will be the ones who settle all disagreements and cases of violence”
|
||
21:6 m3db 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
21:6 sd84 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the heifer whose neck the priests broke” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
21:7 f8zq 0 “they must testify to Yahweh about this case”
|
||
21:7 hzz3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “hands” are a synecdoche for the whole person and “shed this blood” is a metonym for killing an innocent person. Alternate translation: “We did not kill this innocent person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
21:7 p19h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “eyes” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “and we did not see anyone kill this person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
21:8 n8mm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to tell the elders what they should say when they wash their hands over the heifer. He speaks to them as if he were speaking to one man, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
21:8 zi6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh rescuing the people of Israel from being slaves in Egypt is spoken of as if Yahweh paid money to redeem his people from slavery. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
21:8 h6er rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “do not treat your people Israel as if they are guilty of killing an innocent person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
21:8 ay2y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh will forgive his people Israel for the death of an innocent person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
21:9 jt76 0 “you will not be guilty any more of killing an innocent person”
|
||
21:9 xm7q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what is right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
21:10 wt6l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel as if he were speaking to one man, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
21:10 l9ii 0 “you who are soldiers go out”
|
||
21:11 bd8u 0 Use a polite phrase for “you want to sleep with her.”
|
||
21:11 s5ud 0 “want to marry her”
|
||
21:12 jv5u 0 “she will shave the hair off of her head”
|
||
21:12 z3hf 0 “cut her fingernails”
|
||
21:13 vnh6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel as if he were speaking to one man, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
21:13 b55v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 She will do this after the man brings her to his house and when she shaves her head and cuts her fingernails and toenails as mentioned in [Deuteronomy 21:12](../21/12.md). The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “she will take off the clothes of her people and put on Israelite clothes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
21:13 b4yf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when you took her captive” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
21:13 r21s 0 “an entire month” or “a whole month”
|
||
21:13 r54x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism 0 This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “After that you may have sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||
21:14 ft5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 You may need to make explicit that the man sleeps with the woman. Alternate translation: “But if you sleep with her and then decide that you do not want her as your wife” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
21:14 m4xj 0 “let her go wherever she wants to go”
|
||
21:14 p6ul 0 “because you shamed her by sleeping with her and then sending her away”
|
||
21:15 s91j 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
21:15 v2gp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: Possible meanings are (1) “the man loves one of his wives and he hates the other wife” or (2) “the man loves one wife more than he loves the other wife” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
21:15 jg5e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if the firstborn son belongs to the wife whom the man hates” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
21:16 f8q7 0 “when the man”
|
||
21:16 ym4g 0 “the man gives his possessions to his sons as an inheritance”
|
||
21:16 zf5n 0 “he may not treat the son of the beloved wife as if he were the firstborn instead of the son of the hated wife”
|
||
21:17 jb7c 0 “twice as much”
|
||
21:17 njj9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “that son is the one who shows that the man can become the father of sons” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
21:18 a2e9 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
21:18 m9cz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “voice” is a metonym for what a person says. Alternate translation: “who will not obey what his father or mother say” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
21:18 k2qr 0 “they punish him for his wrongdoing” or “they train and instruct him”
|
||
21:19 tfk2 0 “must force him to come out”
|
||
21:20 xgq4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
21:20 l217 0 “Our son”
|
||
21:20 v2fh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “voice” is a metonym for what a person says or a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “he will not do what we tell him to do” or “he will not obey us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
21:20 pp95 0 a person who eats and drinks too much
|
||
21:20 a7nu 0 a person who drinks too much alcohol and gets drunk often
|
||
21:21 f1vt 0 “throw stones at him until he dies”
|
||
21:21 y2jq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj 0 The adjective “evil” can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||
21:21 eax8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The word “Israel” is a metonym for the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “All the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
21:21 dpr6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “will hear about what happened to the son and be afraid that the people will punish them also” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
21:22 bv2t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel as if he were speaking to one man, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
21:22 nh6m 0 “If a man has done something so bad that you need to punish him by killing him”
|
||
21:22 h9vx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you execute him” or “you kill him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
21:22 hfw9 0 Possible meanings are (1) “after he has died you hang him on a tree” or (2) “you kill him by hanging him on a wooden post”
|
||
21:23 y9lb 0 “bury him on the same day as when you execute him”
|
||
21:23 ztq8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are (1) “because God curses everyone whom people hang on trees” and (2) “people hang on trees those whom God has cursed.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
21:23 i54a 0 by leaving something God has cursed hanging in the tree
|
||
22:intro hk1i 0 # Deuteronomy 22 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Order in Israel\nThe instructions in this chapter help to maintain order in this chapter. The people are to have integrity. The people’s sin will result in serious punishment. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])\n\n### Virgin woman\nIf a woman was not a virgin, she was not considered to be worth marrying. The man who slept with her was responsible for providing for her since she will not be able to find a husband to provide for her. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
22:1 b8pa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
22:1 j8sq 0 “walk away from its owner”
|
||
22:1 z51n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “act as if you do not see them” or “go away without doing anything” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
22:2 k4ri 0 “If your fellow Israelite lives far away from you”
|
||
22:2 x6el 0 “or if you do not know who the owner of the animal is”
|
||
22:2 lk81 0 “you must keep the animal with you until its owner comes looking for it”
|
||
22:3 ez2b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
22:3 aj2b 0 “You must return his donkey in the same way”
|
||
22:3 xyi9 0 “you must return his clothing in the same way”
|
||
22:3 hk97 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you must not act as if you do not see that he has lost something” or “you must not go away without doing anything” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
22:4 zc1c 0 “you must help your fellow Israelite lift the animal back up onto its feet”
|
||
22:5 pz6w 0 Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
22:5 jd6y 0 “men’s clothing”
|
||
22:6 ciu1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
22:6 jzz5 0 a home that birds make for themselves out of sticks, grass, plants, and mud
|
||
22:6 j3em 0 “with baby birds or eggs in the nest”
|
||
22:6 d5x9 0 “the mother bird is sitting on the baby birds”
|
||
22:7 f4iz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
22:8 yyd6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
22:8 bt5j 0 a low fence around the edge of the roof so people will not fall off the roof
|
||
22:8 f2cy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Blood is a symbol for death. Alternate translation: “so that it will not be the fault of your household if someone dies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
22:8 g9kr 0 “if anyone falls from the roof because you did not make a railing”
|
||
22:9 c3ah rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
22:9 de7h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The words “holy place” is a metonym for the priests who work in the holy place. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that the priests in Yahweh’s holy place do not take away the whole harvest” or “so that you do not defile the whole harvest and the priests do not allow you to use it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
22:9 yx66 0 “the fruit that grows in the vineyard”
|
||
22:11 x3xx 0 soft, curly hair that grows on a sheep
|
||
22:11 a4tf rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown 0 thread made from the flax plant (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||
22:12 f6fs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
22:12 dlr4 0 threads that are bound together and hang from the end of each corner of the cloak
|
||
22:12 r2vr 0 a long garment that a person wears over his other clothes
|
||
22:13 ej5s 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
22:13 bv6z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism 0 This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “he has sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||
22:14 ir9k 0 “then accuses her of having slept with someone before she was married”
|
||
22:14 qkl1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract noun “reputation” can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “makes other people think she is a bad person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
22:14 pd58 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism 0 This is a polite way of saying “to have sexual relations with someone.” Alternate translation: “but when I slept with her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||
22:14 l34f 0 The abstract noun “proof” can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “she could not prove to me that she was a virgin”
|
||
22:15 m57e 0 Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
22:15 k5i1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract nouns “proof” and “virginity” can be translated with verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “must take something that proves that she has never had sexual relations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
22:16 vy46 0 Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
22:17 i7ju rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “he has accused her of having slept with someone before he married her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
22:17 m954 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract nouns “proof” and “virginity” can be translated as verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “Your daughter could not prove that she has never had sexual relations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
22:17 bhe3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract nouns “proof” and “virginity” can be translated as verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “But this proves that my daughter has never had sexual relations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
22:17 sdd9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “And then the mother and father will show the clothing with the bloodstain to the elders as proof that she was a virgin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
22:18 q13n 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
22:19 c6dg 0 “they must make him pay as a punishment”
|
||
22:19 j3h6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney 0 “100 shekels” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
22:19 njg8 0 “give the money to the father of the girl”
|
||
22:19 q46p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract noun “reputation” can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “has caused people to think that a virgin of Israel is a bad person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
22:19 w6zh 0 “never allow him to divorce her”
|
||
22:19 sb61 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “for his entire life” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
22:20 u7al 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
22:20 b2ml 0 “But if it is true” or “But if what the man said is true”
|
||
22:20 h9vv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the man did not find proof that the girl was a virgin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
22:20 ut1j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract nouns “proof” and “virginity” can be translated as verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “something that proves that the girl has never had sexual relations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
22:21 u35w 0 “then the elders must bring out the girl”
|
||
22:21 tr69 0 “throw stones at her until she dies”
|
||
22:21 r68j 0 “because she has done a disgraceful thing in Israel”
|
||
22:21 lq2i 0 “acting like a harlot while living in her father’s house”
|
||
22:21 n3u5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj 0 The adjective “evil” can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||
22:22 tr9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
22:22 gj36 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If someone finds a man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
22:22 jwc2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism 0 This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “having sexual relations with” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||
22:22 td33 0 “in this way you will remove”
|
||
22:23 a6yj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
22:23 gh34 0 “who is promised to marry a man”
|
||
22:23 qw6x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism 0 This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||
22:24 pa9s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 These commands are addressed to Israel as a group and so are plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
22:24 y57q 0 “then you must bring both the girl and the man who slept with her”
|
||
22:24 imu5 0 “because she did not call for help”
|
||
22:24 h5rb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The Israelites at that time thought of a man and woman who had engaged each other for marriage as husband and wife. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “because he slept with a girl who belongs to a fellow Israelite” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
22:24 h8jh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj 0 The adjective “evil” can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||
22:25 bbb7 0 a girl whose parents have agreed to let her marry a certain man, but she has not married him yet
|
||
22:25 g61l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism 0 This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||
22:25 y33y 0 “then you must only kill the man who lay with her”
|
||
22:26 x3q2 0 “you are not to punish her by killing her for what she did”
|
||
22:26 xrs6 0 “Because this situation is like the situation when somebody attacks another person and kills him”
|
||
22:27 qqe5 0 “Because the man found the girl working in the field”
|
||
22:28 s17p 0 “but whose parents have not promised another man that she will marry him”
|
||
22:28 i4cs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism 0 This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||
22:28 m9ah rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if somebody finds out what happened” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
22:29 tr9z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney 0 A shekel weighs eleven grams. Alternate translation: “fifty pieces of silver” or “550 grams of silver” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
22:29 yb82 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “He must never divorce her during his entire life” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
22:30 hh8b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “must not marry his father’s former wife, even if she is not his mother” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
23:intro rn7c 0 # Deuteronomy 23 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### The assembly of Yahweh\nThis was probably the corporate worship of Yahweh, when the people would come together to worship him.\n\n### Racial superiority\nYahweh viewed Israel as superior to the other nations of Canaan. In many cultures, this may be seen as immoral. It must be remembered that the instructions of this chapter are very remote from the modern world. These people groups were always sinful and idolatrous. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
|
||
23:1 r8v9 0 “man whose private body parts someone has crushed or cut off”
|
||
23:1 z8kb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “may be a full member of the Israelite community” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
23:2 j67e 0 Possible meanings are (1) a child born to parents who committed incest or adultery or (2) a child born to a prostitute.
|
||
23:2 eh16 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal 0 This “tenth” is the ordinal number for ten. Alternate translation: “even after ten generations of the illegitimate child’s descendants” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||
23:2 i3u2 0 “none of these descendants”
|
||
23:3 zk3j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “may not be a full member of the Israelite community” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
23:3 upu4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal 0 This “tenth”is the ordinal number for ten. Alternate translation: “even after ten generations of his descendants” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||
23:4 sk15 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “they did not welcome you by bringing you food and drink” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
23:4 l814 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
23:5 nd5k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
23:5 zpa9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “did not pay attention” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
23:5 ag3p 0 “had him bless you and not curse you”
|
||
23:6 nk42 0 Possible meanings are (1) “You should never make a peace treaty with the Ammonites and the Moabites” or (2) “You must not do anything to cause things to go well for those 2 people groups to enable them to prosper” .
|
||
23:6 nxp6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “as long as you are a nation” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
23:7 erl6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
23:7 pb1s 0 “Do not hate an Edomite”
|
||
23:7 p79b 0 “because he is your relative”
|
||
23:7 alf8 0 “do not hate an Egyptian”
|
||
23:8 iwm4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal 0 This “third” is the ordinal number for three. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “If an Edomite or an Egyptian comes to live in the Israelite community, his grandchildren may become full members of that community” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
23:9 ffs3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks here to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
23:9 v59w 0 “to fight against your enemies”
|
||
23:9 m73w 0 “keep yourselves away from all bad things”
|
||
23:10 fmm7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism 0 This is a polite way of saying that he had an emission of semen. Alternate translation: “any man who is unclean because he had an emission of semen while he was asleep” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||
23:12 myh9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
23:13 pw1i 0 “you should have a tool that you can use to dig with”
|
||
23:13 sn2i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism 0 This is a polite way of saying to defecate. Alternate translation: “when you squat down to defecate” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||
23:13 k6ti 0 “you must dig a hole with the tool”
|
||
23:13 mq5j 0 “cover up your excrement”
|
||
23:14 j9zn 0 “so that Yahweh may not see any unclean thing among you”
|
||
23:15 ba2u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
23:15 cfk6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “a slave from another country who escaped from his master and came to Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
23:16 c3m8 0 “Let the slave live among your people”
|
||
23:17 kr1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
23:17 cmz6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism 0 Possible meanings are that Moses (1) openly forbids women and men to perform sexual acts as part of temple service or (2) uses a euphemism to forbid women and men to perform sexual acts to receive money. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||
23:18 i3pv 0 “A woman who earns money as a prostitute must not bring that money … into the house”
|
||
23:18 cdx2 0 a man who allows men to have sex with him for money
|
||
23:18 p7wu 0 “into the temple”
|
||
23:18 nqe5 0 “to fulfill a vow”
|
||
23:18 dw4f 0 the wages of a female prostitute and of a male prostitute.
|
||
23:19 ad32 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
23:19 f1z2 0 to lend to somebody and force that person to pay back more than was lent
|
||
23:19 z4pg 0 “you must not charge interest when you lend somebody money, food, or anything else”
|
||
23:20 ubn8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “all that you do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
23:21 nbs8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
23:21 q8a9 0 “you must not take a long time to fulfill the vow”
|
||
23:21 cns1 0 “because Yahweh your God will blame you and punish you if you do not fulfill your vow”
|
||
23:22 g92k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “But, if you do not make a vow, you will not sin because you will not have a vow to fulfill” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
23:23 d5bw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “The words you have spoken” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
23:23 mp5l 0 “whatever you have vowed to Yahweh your God that you will do”
|
||
23:23 cj72 0 “anything that people have heard you promise to do because you wanted to do it”
|
||
23:23 qm3v 0 “so that people heard you say it”
|
||
23:24 gy1x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
23:24 wy4l 0 “then you may enjoy eating grapes until you are full”
|
||
23:24 ris3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “but you may not put any grapes in your bag to take them away with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
23:25 em5k 0 “When you walk through your neighbor’s field where there is grain growing”
|
||
23:25 v1t5 0 “then you may eat the kernels of grain with your hand”
|
||
23:25 jv7v 0 “but do not cut down your neighbor’s ripe grain and take it with you”
|
||
23:25 q13q 0 a sharp tool that farmers use to harvest wheat
|
||
24:intro l5h3 0 # Deuteronomy 24 General Notes\n## Structure and formatting\nThis chapter continues the teaching about how to maintain justice in Israel. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### “No man may take a mill or an upper millstone as a pledge”\nA millstone was the way a person made a living. To take a person’s millstone was to take away the way they earned money and produced food. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])\n\n### Lending money\nLending money to fellow Israelites was a way to help them out. It was not intended to be a way to make money off their brothers. This chapter gives limitations regarding the lending of money.
|
||
24:1 fn1d 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
24:1 t3lr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 The phrases “takes a wife” and “marries her” mean the same thing. Alternate translation: “When a man marries a woman” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
24:1 a5ki rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here the “eyes” represent the whole person. Alternate translation: “if he decides that he does not like her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
24:1 bk83 0 “because for some reason he has decided that he does not want to keep her”
|
||
24:1 t5b8 0 “he must give his wife an official paper saying that they are not married anymore”
|
||
24:2 s8m8 0 “she may go and marry another man”
|
||
24:3 i2hq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel about a woman who gets a divorce and marries another man. Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
24:3 x5th 0 “If the second husband decides that he hates the woman”
|
||
24:3 n5zv 0 This is an official paper saying that the man and woman are not married anymore. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 24:1](../24/01.md).
|
||
24:3 fwe1 0 “gives it to the woman”
|
||
24:4 pjf5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “after she has become unclean by the divorce and remarriage to another man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
24:4 wx6u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification 0 The land is spoken of as if it could sin. Alternate translation: “You must not spread guilt around in the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||
24:5 k6dj 0 Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
24:5 kq76 0 “When a man is newly married to a woman”
|
||
24:5 e825 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “and no one is to force him to live away from his home and do any kind of work” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
24:5 r7e9 0 “he will be free to live at home”
|
||
24:6 ug4c 0 a tool for making flour by grinding grain in between two heavy discs of stone
|
||
24:6 uas9 0 the top disc of stone in a mill
|
||
24:6 sp1u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The word “life” is a metonym for what a person needs to keep himself alive. Alternate translation: “because he would be taking from the man what the man needs to make food for his family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
24:7 pj12 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
24:7 q93t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom for “If a man kidnaps.” It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If you find a man kidnapping” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
24:7 mk1d 0 using physical force to take an innocent person away from his home and imprison him
|
||
24:7 zk84 0 “any of his fellow Israelites”
|
||
24:7 e6gc 0 “then other Israelites should kill that thief as a punishment for what he did”
|
||
24:7 jx4a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj 0 The adjective “evil” can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||
24:8 xl5c 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
24:8 s2sl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites here as if they were one man, so the word “you” and the command “take heed” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
24:8 a4y7 0 “Pay attention if you suffer from leprosy” or “Pay attention if you have leprosy”
|
||
24:8 g4nu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all of the instructions that I have given you and that the priests, who are Levites, teach you to do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
24:8 bq6f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses here speaks to the Israelites as a group, so these instances of the word “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
24:8 ha1s 0 “you must make sure that you do exactly what I have commanded them”
|
||
24:8 gr6s 0 The word “them” refers to the priests, who are Levites.
|
||
24:9 dz97 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites here as if they were one man, so the word “your” and the command “call to mind” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
24:9 svp3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses here speaks to the Israelites as a group, so the word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
24:9 rhd1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Remember” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
24:9 ue24 0 “during the time when you were leaving Egypt”
|
||
24:10 g9z2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
24:10 p9qp 0 “When you loan something to your neighbor”
|
||
24:10 dgw3 0 “to take his pledge”
|
||
24:10 t462 0 This refers to what he has promised that he would give you if he did not pay back the loan.
|
||
24:11 l4zm 0 “You should wait outside his house”
|
||
24:12 igs8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
24:12 p99v 0 “you must not keep his coat overnight” or “you must return his pledge before you lie down to sleep”
|
||
24:12 ub2f 0 This refers to what he has promised that he would give you if he did not pay back the loan. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 24:10](../24/10.md).
|
||
24:13 ak4z 0 “give him back what he has given you to show that he will pay back the loan”
|
||
24:13 b8d7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “so that he will have his coat to keep himself warm when he sleeps, and he will be grateful to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
24:13 rg78 0 This is a coat or other clothing that keeps a person warm at night. This was probably the “pledge” Moses was speaking of in [Deuteronomy 24:10-12](./10.md).
|
||
24:13 ju2d 0 “Yahweh your God will approve of the way you handled this matter”
|
||
24:14 wp93 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
24:14 w8gq 0 “You must not treat a hired servant poorly”
|
||
24:14 lbh8 0 a person who gets paid daily for his work
|
||
24:14 siq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 These two words have similar meanings and emphasize that this is a person who cannot help himself. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
24:14 pkc6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “city gates” mean towns or cities. Alternate translation: “in one of your cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
24:15 msa8 0 “You should give the man the money he earns every single day”
|
||
24:15 en53 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. The Israelites considered the new day as starting when the sun went down. Alternate translation: “you should pay the man on the same day he does the work” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
24:15 qhi5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “because he is poor and depends on his wages to buy his food for the next day” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
24:15 e1ry 0 “he does not call out to Yahweh and ask him to punish you”
|
||
24:16 f9w8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not execute the parents because of something bad that one of their children did” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
24:16 dm6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form, Alternate translation: “and you must not execute the children because of something bad that their parents did” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
24:16 kpm3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you should only execute a person because of something bad that he did himself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
24:17 jt5p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
24:17 v5c5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks of justice as if it were a physical object that a stronger person can violently pull away from a weaker person. Alternate translation: “You must not treat a foreigner or the fatherless unfairly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
24:17 p5g1 0 This refers to children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
|
||
24:17 e6gp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 A lender would take something from the borrower to ensure that she would pay him back. He was not allowed to take her coat because she needed it to stay warm. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “and do not take a widow’s cloak as a pledge because she needs it to stay warm” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
24:18 w91c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
24:19 x6d4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
24:19 t9e2 0 “When you cut down the grain in your field”
|
||
24:19 im2p 0 Some versions translate this as “a sheaf.” Either translation refers to stalks of grain, enough to be easily carried, possibly tied in a bundle.
|
||
24:19 nzd1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis 0 You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “you must leave the sheaf so a foreigner, an orphan, or a widow can take it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||
24:19 xe9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “hands” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “in all the work that you do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
24:20 e142 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis 0 You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “When you shake the branches of your olive tree, causing the olives to fall to the ground so you can pick them up” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||
24:20 e66f 0 “do not pick every single olive from the tree”
|
||
24:20 e3tn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis 0 You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “the olives that stay on the branches are for foreigners, orphans, and widows to pick and take with them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||
24:21 qg17 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
24:21 h98g 0 “The grapes that you do not pick will be for the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widow to pick”
|
||
24:21 qsd7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun 0 These refer to groups of people. Alternate translation: “for foreigners, for those who are fatherless, and for the widows” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||
24:22 jte9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
25:intro e9vi 0 # Deuteronomy 25 General Notes\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter continues to teach about justice in Israel. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### “A perfect and just weight you must have”\nIn the ancient Near East, money was weighted on a scale. If a persons weight was off, they were robbing people. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
25:1 kk1l 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
25:2 m44y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If the judge orders them to beat the guilty man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
25:2 b3ki rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he will watch them beat him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
25:2 iku9 0 “the number of times he has ordered because of the bad deed he did”
|
||
25:3 ytf3 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
25:3 e1n2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “The judge may say that they should beat the guilty person 40 times” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
25:3 p5e2 0 “but the judge may not order them to beat him more than 40 times”
|
||
25:3 n2km 0 “because if the judge orders them to beat him many more than 40 times”
|
||
25:3 l8ju rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “then the judge would humiliate your fellow Israelite in front of all of the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
25:3 s8b7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “humiliated, and you would all see it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
25:4 zw1w 0 “You must not put something over the mouth of an ox”
|
||
25:4 jy42 0 while he separates the grain from the chaff by walking on it or dragging heavy wood over it
|
||
25:5 w7si 0 Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
25:5 a1gx 0 Possible meanings are: (1) “If brothers live on the same property” or (2) “If brothers live near each other.”
|
||
25:5 e3vx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “then the family of the dead man must not let the widow marry someone” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
25:5 y2p8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism 0 This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “shall have sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||
25:5 j4zw 0 “do what the brother of a dead husband is supposed to do”
|
||
25:6 tf4h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The word “name” is a metonym for the person’s family line. Alternate translation: “will continue the family line of that man’s dead brother” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
25:6 d4l7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The word “name” is a metonym for the person’s family line. Alternate translation: “so that his family line will not disappear from Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
25:7 clc2 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
25:7 hf36 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “must go up to the city gate where the elders judge cases” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
25:7 v965 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “name” refers to the memory of someone through his descendants. Alternate translation: “refuses to give his brother a son” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
25:7 d9aj 0 “he will not do what a husband’s brother is supposed to do and marry me”
|
||
25:8 sx4h 0 “I do not wish to marry her”
|
||
25:9 wrp9 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
25:9 d6jx 0 “must walk up close to him with the elders there watching”
|
||
25:9 e9kq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “house” is a metonym for the family. Alternate translation: “who does not give his brother a son and continue his brother’s family line” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
25:10 py4m 0 “People in Israel will know his family as”
|
||
25:10 hsh9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 Here removing the sandal symbolizes that the brother would not receive any of the property of his dead brother. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The house of him whose sandal his brother’s widow took off his foot” or “The family of a man who did not marry the wife of his dead brother” or “The family whom everyone despises” or “The family who is shameful” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
25:11 qu3t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
25:11 fd81 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “hand” refers to power or control. Alternate translation: “so the one who struck him will not strike him again” or “from the man who hit him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
25:12 lc9r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “eye” means the whole person. Alternate translation: “you should not feel sorry for her” or “you must not show her mercy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
25:13 m4mm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
25:13 bt47 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. You can also make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “You must not cheat people by using a weight that is larger than you say it is when you buy things and by using a weight that is smaller than you say it is when you sell things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||
25:13 q2yv 0 Weights were stones used on a balance to determine how much something weighs
|
||
25:14 bt5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. You can also make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “You must not cheat people by using a measure that is larger than you say it is when you buy things and by using a measure that is smaller than you say it is when you sell things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||
25:14 n9g6 0 A measure was a basket or other container for measuring how much there is of something.
|
||
25:15 q2jf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel about using fair weights and measures when buying and selling. He speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
25:15 emm1 0 “A correct and fair”
|
||
25:15 h3e2 0 See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 25:13](../25/13.md).
|
||
25:15 lu1x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you may live for a long time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
25:16 xsn1 0 “because everyone who cheats people by using different sized weights and measures”
|
||
25:17 za5v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so except where noted the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
25:17 fs1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom, and “Amalek” is a metonym for the Amelikite people. Alternate translation: “Remember what the Amalekites did to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
25:17 y9yn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 The word “you” here is plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
25:18 yp1n 0 “how they met you along the way”
|
||
25:18 h41g 0 “attacked those of your people who were in the back of the line”
|
||
25:18 f2uv 0 “all the people who were weak in the back of the line”
|
||
25:18 bv3r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 These words have similar meanings and emphasize how tired the people were. Alternate translation: “tired and exhausted” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
25:18 ig25 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “he was not afraid of God’s punishment” or “he did not respect God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
25:19 gv8d 0 “you must kill all of the Amalekites so that nobody will remember them anymore”
|
||
26:intro t97p 0 # Deuteronomy 26 General Notes\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter recalls the great events of Israel’s history when Yahweh brought them out of Egypt.
|
||
26:1 yl9f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
26:2 epa3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal 0 “some of the first fruits of the harvest” or “some of the first crops of the harvest.” This “first” is the ordinal number for one. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||
26:3 wq9z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
26:5 u2nt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
26:5 tpv8 0 This is the beginning of the statement that the Israelite male should make when bringing his basket.
|
||
26:5 tq54 0 This refers to Jacob, who was the ancestor of all the Israelites. He lived for many years in Aram-Nahairam, a region located in Syria.
|
||
26:5 k6c8 0 “lived the rest of his life there”
|
||
26:5 fi9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The word “he” is a metonym for “Jacob’s descendants.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
26:5 bu5w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 These words mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that Israel became a large and powerful nation. Alternate translation: “very great” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
26:6 i527 0 This continues what the Israelite must say when he brings his first crops to Yahweh.
|
||
26:6 ujn6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 These two phrases say basically the same thing. They emphasize that the Egyptians acted very harshly. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
26:6 c31y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive 0 Here “us” refers to the people of Israel that were living in Egypt. The speaker includes himself as one of the people whether he lived in Egypt or not. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||
26:7 yr33 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “voice” refers to the whole person and his cries or prayers. Alternate translation: “he heard our cries” or “he heard our prayers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
26:7 g82f 0 “that the Egyptians were afflicting us, that we were doing very hard work, and that the Egyptians were oppressing us”
|
||
26:8 c2ae 0 This continues what the Israelite must say when he brings his first crops to Yahweh.
|
||
26:8 bl9x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive 0 Here “us” refers to the people of Israel that were living in Egypt. The speaker includes himself as one of the people whether he lived in Egypt or not. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||
26:8 qdu1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Here “a mighty hand” and “an outstretched arm” are metaphors for Yahweh’s power. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “by showing his mighty power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
26:8 r6wp 0 “with acts that terrified the people who saw them”
|
||
26:9 e5yf 0 This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming”
|
||
26:10 w7qd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues telling the Israelites what they must say when they bring theire first crops to Yahweh. He speaks to them as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
26:10 i91e 0 “first fruits of the harvest” or “first crops of the harvest”
|
||
26:10 w4db 0 “You must set the basket down.”
|
||
26:11 n6y8 0 “you must rejoice and be grateful for all the good things that Yahweh your God has done for you”
|
||
26:12 m35u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
26:12 hy2p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal 0 This “third” is the ordinal number for three. Every three years the people of Israel gave a tenth of the harvest to the poor. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||
26:12 whv6 0 These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
|
||
26:12 qtq6 0 This means a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her now that she is old.
|
||
26:12 w7jj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “gates” means towns or cities. Alternate translation: “so that those within your towns may have enough food to eat” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
26:13 m9iv 0 These are the first words of another statement that the Israelite was supposed to say.
|
||
26:13 br99 0 This means that he has obeyed all of God’s commandments.
|
||
26:14 ptc4 0 This continues what the Israelite must say to Yahweh when he gives his tithe to the poor.
|
||
26:14 u6sj 0 “I have not eaten any of the tithe while I was mourning”
|
||
26:14 at8m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 Here “impure” means the person is unclean according to the Law. God does not allow an unclean person to touch the tithe he is giving to God. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “when I was unclean according to the Law” or “when the law says I cannot touch it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
26:14 i6zz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “voice of Yahweh” is a metonym for what Yahweh says. Both statements share similar meanings. They emphasize that the person has obeyed all of God’s commands. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
26:15 q1e2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 These two phrases mean the same thing. Alternate translation: “from heaven, your holy dwelling place” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
26:15 y7c5 0 This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming”
|
||
26:16 q8i6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
26:16 lvb6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
26:17 v3dx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 The words “walk,” “keep,” and “listen” have similar meanings here. Here “voice” refers to what God has said. Alternate translation: “that you will completely obey everything Yahweh commands” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
26:18 c7hk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
26:18 wri1 0 “a people who belong to him”
|
||
26:19 q8jb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “he will make you more important than” or “he will make you greater than” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
26:19 p58x 0 Possible meanings are (1) “he will cause you to become greater than any other nation that he has established, and he will enable you to praise him and honor him” or (2) “he will have people praise you more than they praise every other nation that he has made; people will say that you are better than any other nation, and they will honor you.”
|
||
26:19 lg4i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh set them apart from all other nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God will set you apart from other nations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
27:intro uy69 0 # Deuteronomy 27 General Notes\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### “May the man be cursed”\nThis phrase is repeated several times in this chapter. This parallelism serves as a warning to the Israelites when they will live in the Promised Land. This is part of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
|
||
27:1 mu7e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so except where noted, the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
27:1 ya1q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses is speaking to the Israelites as a group, so the word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
27:1 g7rq 0 Here “I” refers to Moses. The elders are there in agreement with Moses, but he is the only one speaking.
|
||
27:2 yul5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses is speaking to the Israelites as a group, so the word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
27:2 c7s3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 Plaster is usually a mixture of lime, sand, and water that is spread on something. It dries to form a hard, smooth surface on which a person can write. Alternate translation: “spread plaster on them” or “make them so you can write on them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
27:3 yd13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
27:4 rjy8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
27:4 l6gl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses is addressing the Israelites as a group, so the instances of “you” and the command “set up” are plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
27:4 gk8x 0 “spread plaster on them” or “make them so you can write on them.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:2](../27/02.md).
|
||
27:4 vvi2 0 This is a mountain near Shechem. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 11:29](../11/29.md).
|
||
27:5 ebq3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 This refers to the chisels that would make the stones smoother, in order that they might fit together better. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “you will not shape the altar stones with iron tools” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
27:6 c115 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
27:6 y47u 0 stones in their natural shape that no one has shaped with metal tools
|
||
27:8 fa2n 0 This refers to the stones they were to set up on Mount Ebal and cover with plaster. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:2](../27/02.md) and [Deuteronomy 27:4](./04.md).
|
||
27:9 dv5w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
27:10 q49w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “voice of Yahweh” refers to what he says. Alternate translation: “obey what Yahweh your God says” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
27:10 f9l6 0 Moses is commanding. The Levites are there in agreement with Moses, but he is the only one speaking.
|
||
27:12 p66t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “tribes” refers to the people from the tribes of Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Joseph, and Benjamin. Alternate translation: “The people from these tribes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
27:12 s7rz 0 A small mountain north of Mount Ebal. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 11:29](../11/29.md).
|
||
27:12 rsu5 0 This combines the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh, who were descendants of Joseph.
|
||
27:13 ax7s 0 See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 11:29](../11/29.md).
|
||
27:13 p9b6 0 “say in a loud voice how Yahweh will curse Israel”
|
||
27:15 pp2u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This is the statement the Levites must shout to all the people of Israel. It may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the person … sets it up in secret” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
27:15 ne2d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “something a man has made” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
27:15 jjw2 0 a man who knows how to make things well
|
||
27:16 m7ef 0 Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
|
||
27:16 igu1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
27:17 api7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of the statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “who takes land away from his neighbor by moving the markers on the borders of his land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
27:18 s55n 0 Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
|
||
27:18 f4in rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This may be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
27:19 b9gc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks of justice as if it were a physical object that a stronger person can violently pull away from a weaker person. Your language might have one word that means “use force to take away.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 24:17](../24/17.md). Alternate translation: “treats a foreigner … widow unfairly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
27:19 ed5u 0 These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
|
||
27:19 cnk8 0 This means a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her in her old age.
|
||
27:20 fzq9 0 Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
|
||
27:20 s47r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
27:20 szg5 0 This does not refer to the man’s mother, but another wife of his father.
|
||
27:20 jzl8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 When a man marries a woman, only he has the legal right to sleep with her. The full meaning of this statement may be made explicit. Alternate translation: “he has taken away his father’s legal rights” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
27:22 p8ac 0 Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
|
||
27:22 zer5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This may be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
27:22 rhp9 0 This means a man cannot sleep with his sister, even if she has a different mother or father.
|
||
27:24 q772 0 Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
|
||
27:24 n57s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This may be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
27:26 mmv3 0 Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
|
||
27:26 z9xa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This may be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:intro f2wv 0 # Deuteronomy 28 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Blessings and warnings\nThis chapter explains some of the blessings and warnings associated with Israel’s obedience to the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
|
||
28:1 cg2q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:1 f13g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “voice of Yahweh” refers to what he says. Alternate translation: “to what Yahweh your God says” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
28:1 nmq7 0 “and obey”
|
||
28:1 gb5d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks of being important or being great as if it were being physically higher, as on a higher hill. Alternate translation: “make you more important than” or “make you greater than” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
28:2 w8tx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses describes the blessings as a person who would attack them by surprise or chase and catch them. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will bless you like this in ways that will completely surprise you, and it will be as if you cannot escape having him bless you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||
28:3 wiv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:3 uv27 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will bless you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:3 z33g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism 0 This merism means that Yahweh will bless them everywhere. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||
28:4 t3s8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 These idioms for “your children, and your crops, and all your animals” form a merism for everything the Israelites valued. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||
28:4 t45f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 This doublet is three ways of saying that Yahweh will make the Israelites’ animals many and strong. Alternate translation: “all of your animals along with the calves of the cattle and the lambs of the flocks” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
28:5 w512 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:5 mk51 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will bless” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:5 lu31 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Israelites used a basket to carry grain. A “kneading trough” was a bowl they used to mix the grain and make bread. Alternate translation: “all the food you grow and all the food you eat” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
28:6 cm5f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism 0 This merism refers to all of life’s activities everywhere they go. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||
28:7 ky89 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:7 p5y5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “cause you to defeat the armies that attack you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:7 u7a7 0 “but they will run away from you in seven directions”
|
||
28:7 x6u8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. The actual number could be more or less than seven. Alternate translation: “in many different directions” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
28:8 ppz6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses describes Yahweh blessing the Israelites as if Yahweh were commanding a person to attack them by surprise. Alternate translation: “When Yahweh blesses you, you will be surprised by how much grain you have in your barns” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||
28:8 r2ab rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “in everything you do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
28:9 xw3n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:9 a5t2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh put them in a place different from the place all other nations live in. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will make you a holy people that belongs to him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
28:10 k3wc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “called by the name of Yahweh” means belonging to him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has called you his own” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:11 jw4n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:11 i27w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 28:4](../28/04.md). Alternate translation: “with children, animals, and crops” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
28:12 rc3i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks of the clouds from which the rain falls as if they were a building where he stores the rain. Alternate translation: “the clouds” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
28:12 x3c1 0 “when the crops need it”
|
||
28:12 lb4j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 The word “hand” is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “all the work that you do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
28:13 czu1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:13 am9q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This metaphor describes the nation of Israel as an animal and means the Israelites will always be the leaders over other nations and never the servants following behind them. The Israelites will be superior in power, money, and honor. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
28:13 yc2s 0 The Israelites will rule over others but never have others rule them.
|
||
28:13 dhn1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so the word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:14 ce8r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Disobeying Yahweh and worshiping other gods is spoken of as if a person physically turned and went in a different direction from Yahweh’s words. Alternate translation: “if you do not disobey what I am commanding you today by serving other gods” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
28:15 k4bm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:15 hi33 0 Here Moses starts describing the curses the people will receive if they disobey.
|
||
28:15 x89v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “voice of Yahweh” means what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh your God is saying” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
28:15 g8p4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses describes the curses as a person who would attack them by surprise or chase and catch them. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will curse you like this in ways that will completely surprise you, and it will be as if you cannot escape having him curse you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||
28:15 xl16 0 See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:2](../28/02.md).
|
||
28:16 gl2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:16 nf28 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will curse you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:16 rs5i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism 0 This merism means that Yahweh will bless them everywhere. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:3](../28/03.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||
28:17 ii5p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The Israelites used a basket to carry grain. A “kneading trough” was a bowl they used to mix the grain and make bread. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:5](../28/05.md). Alternate translation: “all the food you grow and all the food you eat” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
28:18 k7ip rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:18 nhd7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will curse” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:18 ewg6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom for “your children, your crops.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:4](../28/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
28:18 xsg2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 This doublet is two ways of saying that Yahweh will make the Israelites’ animals many and strong. Alternate translation: “the calves of the cattle and the lambs of the flocks” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
28:19 mk23 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism 0 This merism refers to all of life’s activities everywhere they go. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:6](../28/06.md) (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||
28:20 p97u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:20 m9t5 0 “disasters, fear, and frustration”
|
||
28:20 bcy3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “in everything you do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
28:20 srg3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until your enemies destroy you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:20 sy2b 0 Here “me” refers to Yahweh.
|
||
28:21 sup8 0 “remain on you”
|
||
28:22 tj8c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:22 c1zz 0 “diseases and burning fevers that will make you weak.” These all refer to diseases that cause people to grow weak and die.
|
||
28:22 su4y 0 “with lack of rain”
|
||
28:22 k5ew 0 mold that grows on crops and causes them to rot
|
||
28:22 btm2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification 0 Moses speaks of the bad things that would happen to the Israelites as if they were people or animals who would chase after the Israelites. Alternate translation: “You will suffer from them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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||
28:23 alx9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:23 xf1q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks of the skies being like bronze because there will be no rain. Alternate translation: “skies … will give no rain” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
28:23 eb3i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks of the earth being like iron because no crops will grow. Alternate translation: “nothing will grow from the ground” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
28:24 uz8n 0 “instead of rain, Yahweh will send sandstorms”
|
||
28:24 zt41 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until it destroys you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:25 b1re rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:25 z7yb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will cause your enemies to strike you down” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:25 yi77 0 See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:7](../28/07.md).
|
||
28:25 yfp6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 This means the Israelites will be afraid and panic and run away from their enemies. See similar wording in [Deuteronomy 28:7](../28/07.md). Alternate translation: “you will flee in seven directions” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
28:25 v9pl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “in many different directions” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
28:25 k6ms rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The peoples of the other nations will drive you from one nation to another” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:27 wb3q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:27 q4ig 0 “the same skin disease with which I cursed the Egyptians”
|
||
28:27 gf18 0 These are different types of skin diseases.
|
||
28:27 kvf6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “from which no one will be able to heal you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:29 we8c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile 0 “You will be like blind people who grope in darkness even at noonday.” The Israelites will have a difficult life even when everyone else is enjoying life. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||
28:29 z6va 0 “stronger people will always oppress and rob you”
|
||
28:30 zt5j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:31 gh8u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You will watch as someone kills your ox” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:31 rf3y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone will take your donkey by force and will not give it back” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:31 b24n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will give your sheep to your enemies” or “I will allow your enemies to take your sheep” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:32 wy9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:32 mic6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will give your sons and your daughters to other peoples” or “Your enemies will take your sons and daughters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:32 c24q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “your eyes” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “you will grow tired as you constantly watch for them and long to see them again” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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||
28:32 lap6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “strength in your hand” refers to power. “Alternate translation: “You will be powerless to do anything about it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
28:33 xbz3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:33 db4k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “a nation” means the people from a nation. Alternate translation: “people from a nation” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
28:33 hvh1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 The words “oppressed” and “crushed” mean basically the same thing. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they will always oppress and crush you” or “they will oppress you continually” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:34 f8mx 0 “what you see will make you go crazy”
|
||
28:35 e9zv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that no one will be able to cure” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:36 k4cu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:37 dwn5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 Here the words “proverb” and “byword” mean basically the same thing. This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “of horror. The people, in the places where Yahweh will send you, will make up proverbs and bywords about you” or “of horror. Yahweh will send you to peoples who will laugh at you and ridicule you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
28:37 lz2g 0 a word or phrase that people use to shame others
|
||
28:38 lcl4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:38 t8st 0 “but will harvest very little food”
|
||
28:40 ht5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues describing God’s curses if the people disobey him. He speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:40 e99r 0 People would rub olive oil on themselves to make their skin healthy.
|
||
28:40 fi15 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 You may need to make explicit that the fruit drops before it is ripe. Alternate translation: “your olive trees will drop their fruit before the fruit is ripe” or “the olives will fall off your olive trees before they are ripe” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
28:42 if6w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:43 cew2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun 0 This does not mean a specific foreigner but refers to foreigners in general. Alternate translation: “The foreigners who are” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||
28:43 j1wi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This idiom means foreigners will have more power, money, and honor than the Israelites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
28:44 ls98 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun 0 This does not mean a specific foreigner (verse 43) but refers to foreigners in general. Alternate translation: “They will … to them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||
28:44 wu98 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This means foreigners will have more power and authority than the Israelites. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 28:13](../28/13.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
28:45 lv3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:45 l54e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses describes the curses as a person who would attack them by surprise or chase and catch them. See how you translated something similar in [Deuteronomy 28:2](../28/02.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh will curse you like this in ways that will completely surprise you, and it will be as if he is chasing you and you cannot escape having him curse you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||
28:45 sp9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the words “voice of Yahweh” are a metonym for what Yahweh said. Alternate translation: “to what Yahweh your God said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
28:45 tb8t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 The words “commandments” and “regulations” are a doublet for “all that Yahweh has commanded you to do.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
28:47 epc2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:47 qt75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 Here “joyfulness” and “gladness of heart” mean the same thing. They emphasize that the people should have been very glad to worship Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
28:48 y9ia rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This is a metaphor for Yahweh allowing the enemy to treat the Israelites cruelly and make them slaves. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
28:49 b5tt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:49 yl1h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that the enemy will come from a nation that is very far away from Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
28:49 j169 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “from places that you know nothing about” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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||
28:49 bjy5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile 0 This means the enemy will come suddenly and the Israelites will not be able to stop them. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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28:50 hsb9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The word “nation” is a metonym for the people of that nation. Alternate translation: “a nation whose people have fierce expressions, who do not respect the aged and do not show favor” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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||
28:51 n115 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until they destroy you” or “until they leave you with nothing” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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||
28:52 e3i5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues describing the army that will attack the Israelites if they do not obey Yahweh. He speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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||
28:52 x2h9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here the phrase “city gates” represents a city. Alternate translation: “your cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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||
28:53 vca7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Here “the flesh of your sons and of your daughters” explains the metaphor “the fruit of your own body.” The people will be so hungry after the enemy army surrounds their city that they will eat their own children. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
28:53 swr5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This speaks of children as if they were fruit that was produced by the bodies of their parents. Alternate translation: “your own children” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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28:54 z4kd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:54 g9qb 0 “who is tender and very delicate among you—even he.” Moses is saying that not only those one would expect to eat their children, but even the last person one would expect to eat his own children will eat his children.
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||
28:55 h7kb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “city gates” represents the cities themselves. Alternate translation: “all your cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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||
28:56 x19d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:56 ayv7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 “The tender and delicate woman among you … tenderness—even she.” Moses is saying that not only those one would expect to eat their children, but even women of noble birth and normally very gentle, whom one would never expect to eat their children, will eat their children. The word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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||
28:56 sw1r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole 0 Moses is exaggerating. He is emphasizing that this noble woman is so rich and lives in such luxury that she would not allow herself to get dirty. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
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||
28:56 u5mz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract nouns “delicateness” and “tenderness” can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: “because she is so delicate and tender” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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28:57 lnt8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “city gates” represents the cities themselves. Alternate translation: “within your cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
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28:58 x9pf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:58 sw6h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have written” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:58 uak2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “name” refers to Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God who is glorious and awesome” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
28:59 tu25 0 “Yahweh will send terrible plagues on you and your descendants” or “Yahweh will make sure that you and your descendants suffer from terrible plagues”
|
||
28:60 l1p3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:60 c4kp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “He will make sure that you again suffer from the diseases of Egypt” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
28:60 qu7d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “the diseases will not stop, and no one will be able to heal you of them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
28:61 ds4x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole 0 Here “every” is a generalization that means “many.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “even other sicknesses and plagues that I have not written” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:61 p5ww rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until he has destroyed you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:62 l59v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses is speaking to the Israelites as a group, so all instances of “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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||
28:62 hu58 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile 0 This means that in the past there were many Israelites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||
28:62 j7ul rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here the metonym “voice of Yahweh” refers to what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “to what Yahweh says” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
28:63 mhe6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses is speaking to the Israelites as a group, so all instances of “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:63 b3je 0 “Yahweh once enjoyed doing you good and causing you to become many”
|
||
28:63 eu1a 0 “he will enjoy making you die”
|
||
28:63 imz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses uses a metaphor to speak of the people as though they were fruit that Yahweh would take off a bush. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He will remove you from the land which you are entering to possess” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
28:63 le25 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:64 xuc8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:64 l3nk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism 0 These two extremes together mean everywhere on earth. Alternate translation: “throughout the earth” or “all over the earth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||
28:65 j125 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:65 g15k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here the phrase “the bottoms of your feet” refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: “you will have to continually wander because you have no permanent home where you can rest” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
28:65 n83i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will cause you to be afraid, without hope, and sad” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
28:66 ckv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “You will not know whether you will live or die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
28:67 bik8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
28:67 wac6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “because of the fear you are feeling” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
28:67 u1ew rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “eyes” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “the terrifying things I will force you to see” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
28:68 et6c 0 Here “I” refers to Yahweh.
|
||
29:intro if6j 0 # Deuteronomy 29 General Notes\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is a retelling of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses, along with its blessings and cursing. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])
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||
29:1 nsu8 0 This refers to words that Moses is about to speak.
|
||
29:1 b8p6 0 This is on the east side of the Jordan where the Israelites were staying before they entered the land of Canaan. “while they were in the land of Moab”
|
||
29:1 b7xy 0 These additional commands were given to make Yahweh’s covenant apply better to the people once they were settled in their new land. These new commands did not belong to a different covenant, but rather were additions to the original covenant.
|
||
29:2 ya5p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Yahweh expected them to remember what Yahweh had done and they had seen it. Here the “eyes” represent the whole person and emphasize what the person has seen. Alternate translation: “You have seen all that Yahweh did so that you would see and remember what he did” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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||
29:2 y1s6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “your” here is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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||
29:3 al38 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “eyes” emphasizes that Yahweh expected them to remember that they had seen it. Alternate translation: “you saw for yourselves that the people suffered terribly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
29:3 tl81 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 The words “signs” and “wonders” both refer to the plagues that Yahweh had sent upon Egypt. Alternate translation: “and all of the powerful things that Yahweh did” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
29:4 mh61 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The people do have hearts, eyes, and ears. This metonym says that Yahweh has not enabled them to understand from what they saw and heard who Yahweh is, and how and why they should obey him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
29:4 u59c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “enabled you to understand” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
29:5 p5xi 0 Yahweh is speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
29:5 rbp5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “40 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
29:5 g59z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “your” here is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
29:6 cv6m 0 Alcoholic drinks made probably from fermented grains. They were not distilled liquors.
|
||
29:7 d31m 0 See how you translated these names in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md).
|
||
29:7 i2yh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive 0 Here “us” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||
29:9 ze3j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that the people were to obey Yahweh’s commands. Alternate translation: “obey all the words of this covenant” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
29:10 it8r 0 Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||
29:11 b36y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
29:11 vw3v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun 0 There were many foreigners among the Israelites. Alternate translation: “the foreigners who are among you in your camp, from those who cut your wood to those who get your water” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||
29:12 p568 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
29:12 yb79 0 “to agree to the covenant and to swear that you will obey all that Yahweh your God commands”
|
||
29:13 nv7p 0 “a people group that belongs to him alone”
|
||
29:14 p3sa 0 Here “I” refers to Yahweh. “Yahweh is making”
|
||
29:15 sv23 0 Here “us” refers to Moses and the people of Israel.
|
||
29:15 n738 0 “our future descendants, who are not here”
|
||
29:16 ef56 0 “we were slaves”
|
||
29:18 tf4z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “heart” refers to the whole person, and “turning away” means to stop obeying. Alternate translation: “who no longer obeys Yahweh our God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
29:18 yq9n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks of someone who secretly worships another God as if he were a root, and the evil deeds he does to serve that god, and which he encourages others to do, as a bitter plant that poisons people. Alternate translation: “any person who worships idols and causes others to disobey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
29:19 u5ww 0 The person described in verse 18.
|
||
29:19 ydt9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “congratulate himself” or “encourage himself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
29:19 l8ar rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “even though I still refuse to obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
29:19 rq4s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Here the words “wet” and “dry” are metaphors for the righteous people and the wicked people. This forms a merism for “everyone.” Alternate translation: “This would cause Yahweh to destroy both the righteous people and the wicked people in the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||
29:19 qq8r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj 0 These nominal adjectives can be translated as nouns. Because the land was usually dry and the people needed rain so their crops would grow, these words are metaphors for “living … dead” or “good … bad.” Alternate translation: “wet things … dry things” or “good people … bad people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
29:20 zp3x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Just as a fire can grow in intensity, so can God’s anger and Jealousy grow in intensity. Alternate translation: “Yahweh’s jealous anger will grow like a fire” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
29:20 ud3q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys 0 Here the word “jealousy” describes “the anger of Yahweh.” Alternate translation: Yahweh’s jealous anger” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
|
||
29:20 c39z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have written” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
29:20 v4lv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses describes the curses as a person who would attack them by surprise. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 28:15](../28/15.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh will curse him with the curses written in this book in ways that will completely surprise him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||
29:20 h57e 0 This means God will completely destroy the person and his family. In the future people will not remember him. A similar phrase appears in [Deuteronomy 7:24](../07/24.md).
|
||
29:22 j9qf 0 The words “your children … after you” tell who “the generation to come” is.
|
||
29:23 n8yz 0 People put sulfur and salt on the soil to keep anything from growing. “when they see that Yahweh has burned the land with sulfur and salt”
|
||
29:23 g15s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “where no one can sow seed and the crops do not bear fruit” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
29:23 bw2x 0 The abstract noun “overthrow” can be translated as a clause. Alternate translation: “as when Yahweh completely destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah”
|
||
29:23 j85x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 These are names of cities that Yahweh destroyed along with Sodom and Gomorrah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
29:24 j5xg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations 0 This can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “they will ask with all the other nations why Yahweh has done this to the land, and what the heat of this great anger means.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||
29:24 z3lu 0 “your descendants and the people of all the other nations will say”
|
||
29:24 v7xx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys 0 The writer is communicating one idea through two words. Alternate translation: “What does this terrible anger mean?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
|
||
29:25 j9gr 0 This is the answer to “Why has Yahweh done this to this land?” ([Deuteronomy 29:24](../29/24.md)). “Yahweh has done this to the land because the Israelites did not follow the promises and the laws of his covenant”
|
||
29:26 p4qx 0 “obeyed other gods and worshiped them”
|
||
29:27 p8ms rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses compares Yahweh being angry to someone starting a fire. This emphasizes God’s power to destroy whatever makes him angry, and it can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has became very angry with this land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
29:27 p9t6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “land” is a metonym representing the people. Alternate translation: “the people of this land, so as to bring on them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
29:27 wp7h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have written” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
29:28 q4kt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Israel is compared to a bad plant that Yahweh has pulled up and thrown out of a garden. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has removed them from their land … and has forced them to go” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
29:28 jz72 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 The words “anger” and “wrath” and “fury” mean basically the same thing and emphasize the great intensity of Yahweh’s anger. Alternate translation: “in extremely great anger” or “because he was extremely angry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
29:29 d1e5 0 “Some things Yahweh our God has not revealed, and only he knows them”
|
||
29:29 v7va rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that he has revealed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
29:29 ui8w 0 “we may do everything that this law commands us to do”
|
||
30:intro yx9f 0 # Deuteronomy 30 General Notes\n## Structure and formatting\n\nMoses begins to give final instructions to Israel before his death in anticipation of their entrance into the Promised Land. There were warnings and blessings associated with the people’s obedience to the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])
|
||
30:1 rkk4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
30:1 pfr8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 Here “these things” refer to the blessings and curses described in chapters 28-29. The phrase “have come on you” is an idiom that means to happen. Alternate translation: “When all these things happen to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
30:1 k5mi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This speaks of the blessings and curses that Moses told the people as if they were objects that he set in front of them. Alternate translation: “that I have just now told you about” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
30:1 rtn6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
30:1 qk91 0 “while you are living in the other nations”
|
||
30:1 ug75 0 “has forced you to go”
|
||
30:2 edl2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “voice” is referring to what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “obey what he says” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
30:2 s239 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
30:3 m7q5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 “free you from your captivity.” The abstract noun “captivity” can be translated as a verbal clause. Alternate translation: “free you from those who had captured you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
30:4 icb7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
30:4 g129 0 “Even those of your exiled people who are in the farthest places”
|
||
30:4 w6nm 0 “under the sky” or “on the earth”
|
||
30:6 iv7f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
30:6 dul8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This is not a literal removal of flesh. It means God will remove their sin and enable them to love and obey him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
30:6 d25z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
30:7 n367 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks of curses as though they were a load or a cover that someone could physically put on top of a person. Alternate translation: “will cause your enemies to suffer from these curses” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
30:8 fpp4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “voice” means what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “obey what Yahweh says” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
30:9 k3dd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
30:9 ws1q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “hand” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “in all the work you do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
30:9 r217 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 These three phrases are idioms for “in children … in calves … in crops.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 28:4](../28/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
30:10 w16u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have written” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
30:10 vv69 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
30:11 lxg9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
30:11 wls8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses speaks of being able to understand what a commandment requires a person to do as if it were that person being able to reach a physical object. Alternate translation: “neither is it too difficult for you to understand what Yahweh requires you to do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
30:12 lu7s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 Here Moses uses a rhetorical question to emphasize that the people of Israel think that Yahweh’s commands are too difficult for them to know. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Someone must travel to heaven to learn God’s commands and then return to tell us what they are so we can obey them.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
30:13 nd92 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
30:13 fw31 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 This rhetorical question continues the idea that the people of Israel think Yahweh’s commands are too difficult to know. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Someone must travel across the sea to learn God’s commands and then return and tell us what they are.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
30:14 p17g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 This means that the people already know God’s commands and can tell them to others. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
30:15 m7gm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
30:15 d23f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Putting something where another person can see it is a metaphor for telling someone about something. Alternate translation: “I have told you about” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
30:15 bn6k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 You can make clear the implicit information. Alternate translation: “what is good and will cause you to live, and what is evil and will cause you to die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
30:16 jh9g 0 increase greatly in number
|
||
30:17 ej9a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
30:17 a2vl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “heart” refers to the whole person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if you stop being loyal to God … and the people living in the land convince you to bow down and worship other gods” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
30:18 sr3z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as a group. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
30:18 ee9y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
30:19 t3ji rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so except where noted the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
30:19 gap6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Possible meanings are (1) Moses is calling on all those who live in heaven and earth to be witnesses to what he says, or (2) Moses is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses to what he says (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
|
||
30:19 qj9t 0 “to be willing to say that you have done evil things”
|
||
30:19 wxe8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as a group. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
30:20 k5mz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “voice” refers to what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “obey what he says” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
30:20 sbp2 0 “to rely on him”
|
||
30:20 x4gp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 These phrases have the same meaning and are metonyms for Yahweh, emphasizing that he is the one who gives life and determines the length of people’s lifetimes. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is the only one who can enable you to live a long life” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
30:20 qi8g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis 0 The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: “swore that he would give to your ancestors” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||
31:intro pki9 0 # Deuteronomy 31 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Final instructions\nIn the Ancient Near East, it was common for an important leader to give instructions for his people to follow after his death. In this chapter, Moses begins his final words to the people of Israel. These are words that he wants them to remember long after he is gone. This section also helped to make a smooth transition to Joshua’s leadership.
|
||
31:2 mb3i rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “120 years old” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
31:2 bvw8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism 0 Here the extremes “go out” and “come in” used together mean that Moses can no longer do what a healthy person can do. Alternate translation: “I am no longer able to go everywhere that you need to go, so I cannot be your leader any longer” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||
31:3 ep95 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
31:3 cll7 0 “you will take their land”
|
||
31:3 p8q6 0 “Joshua will lead you across the river, as Yahweh promised”
|
||
31:4 nu6r 0 Moses continues speaking to the Israelites.
|
||
31:4 b8wj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “Sihon” and “Og” refer to two Kings of the Amorites and their armies. See how you translated these names in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: “he did to Sihon and Og, the kings of the Amorites, and to their armies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
31:6 m79v 0 “Be strong and courageous”
|
||
31:6 lr5n 0 “do not fear them at all”
|
||
31:6 i5mi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
31:6 b7b9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes 0 This can be treated as litotes and translated positively. Alternate translation: “he will always fulfill his promise to you and will always be with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||
31:7 s174 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
31:7 r36v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 This means that all of the people of Israel were present. Alternate translation: “in the presence of all the Israelites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
31:7 ht4a 0 “Be strong and courageous.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 31:5](../31/05.md).
|
||
31:7 t7sv 0 “you will help them take the land”
|
||
31:9 a6vj 0 “gave it out to the Levites, who are the priests”
|
||
31:10 ani6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “7 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
31:10 sy4p 0 “for canceling debts”
|
||
31:10 d2me 0 Other names for this festival are “Feast of Tabernacles,” “Festival of Booths,” and “Feast of the Ingathering.” During harvest, farmers would set up temporary shelters in the field. This festival took place after the last harvest of the year. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 16:13](../16/13.md).
|
||
31:11 pt7m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 - Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
31:11 c11z 0 “so that they can hear it”
|
||
31:12 rlg2 0 Moses continues speaking to the priests and the elders.
|
||
31:12 rtx9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “city gates” represents the cities themselves. Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the instances of “your” here are singular. Alternate translation: “your foreigners who live in your cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
31:12 j1rq 0 “carefully obey all the commands in this law”
|
||
31:14 ji2r 0 “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you. The”
|
||
31:15 m71w 0 This was a thick cloud of smoke in the shape of an upright column.
|
||
31:16 f7i5 0 “Pay attention to what I am going to tell you. You”
|
||
31:16 m76m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism 0 This is a polite way to say “you will die.” Alternate translation: “you will die and join your ancestors who have died before you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||
31:16 d9q3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Being a prostitute is a metaphor for worshiping gods other than Yahweh. Alternate translation: “will start to be unfaithful to me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
31:17 b1z8 0 Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
|
||
31:17 l9kj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh compares his anger to someone starting a fire. This emphasizes God’s power to destroy whatever makes him angry. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will kindle my anger against them” or “I will become angry with them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
31:17 zg57 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “I will not help them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
31:17 zr99 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will devour them” or “I will allow their enemies to devour them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
31:17 sz2f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This is a metaphor for “completely destroyed.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
31:17 qw7g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification 0 This describes the disasters and troubles as if they were human. Alternate translation: “They will experience many disasters and troubles” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||
31:17 l3ge rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification 0 This describes the disasters and troubles as if they were human. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “These disasters are destroying me … midst.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
31:17 m6pv 0 “God is no longer protecting us” or “God has left us alone”
|
||
31:19 j9x4 0 Yahweh continues speaking to Moses about the Israelites.
|
||
31:19 h2xq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Make them memorize and sing it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
31:20 i9lu 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md).
|
||
31:21 z4dq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification 0 Here evils and troubles are described as if they were human and could find people. Alternate translation: “When this people experiences many evils and troubles” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||
31:21 x1jh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification 0 This speaks of the song as if it were a human witness testifying in court against Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||
31:21 tb8b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “their descendants will not forget to keep it in their mouths” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
31:21 s5je rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “their descendants will remember to keep it in their mouths” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
31:21 fly7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 The idiom “forget it from the mouth” means to stop speaking about it. Alternate translation: “their descendants will not stop speaking about it to each other” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
31:21 th4p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 What people plan to do is spoken of as if it were a physical object. Alternate translation: “what they plan to do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
31:21 y4kp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 God’s promise of the land was to give it to the people of Israel. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the land that I promised I would give to them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
31:23 g5sl 0 “Be strong and courageous.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 31:5](../31/05.md).
|
||
31:26 f3zd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Levites as if they were one man, so the word “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
31:27 q9j8 0 Moses continues speaking to the Levites about all the Israelite people.
|
||
31:27 dc8v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Levites as if they were one man, so the word “your” is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
31:27 e3am 0 See how you translated “stubborn” in [Deuteronomy 9:6](../09/06.md).
|
||
31:27 yin7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 This rhetorical question emphasizes how rebellious the people were. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “you will be even more rebellious after I die.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
31:28 ge9z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “in their ears” means the people themselves. Alternate translation: “so that I may speak the words of this song to them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
31:28 rbf8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Possible meanings are (1) Moses is calling on all those who live in heaven and earth to be witnesses to what he says or (2) Moses is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses to what he says. A similar phrase appears in [Deuteronomy 30:19](../30/19.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
|
||
31:29 h4je 0 “you will do what is completely wrong.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:16](../04/16.md).
|
||
31:29 w6b1 0 “stop following the instructions I have given to you.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 9:12](../09/12.md).
|
||
31:29 yvi1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “what is evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
31:29 i596 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “your hands” means the people themselves. Alternate translation: “because of what you have made” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
31:30 upf2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “ears” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “Moses recited to all the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
31:30 ilp6 0 Possible meanings are (1) “sang” or (2) “spoke.”
|
||
31:30 wx6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis 0 You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “the words of the song that Yahweh taught him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||
32:intro pup6 0 # Deuteronomy 32 General Notes\n## Structure and formatting\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic song in 32:1-43.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Punishment\nThis chapter prophesies a time when Israel will be disobedient to Yahweh and he will have to punish them. This is meant to serve as a warning to the nation. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
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32:1 bfi8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:1 hf89 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe 0 Yahweh speaks to the heavens and earth as if they are there listening. Possible meanings are (1) Yahweh is speaking to the inhabitants of heaven and earth or (2) Yahweh is speaking to the heavens and earth as if they are persons. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
|
||
32:2 zk7l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile 0 This means Yahweh wants the people to eagerly accept his helpful teaching. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||
32:2 x67x 0 Use the word in your language for the process by which dew appears.
|
||
32:2 s3mw 0 water that forms on leaves and grass on cool mornings
|
||
32:2 g6mn 0 “new plants”
|
||
32:2 gkm4 0 heavy rain
|
||
32:3 y1fa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:3 bah6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. “tell how good Yahweh is” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
32:3 uf82 0 “make sure people know that our God is great”
|
||
32:4 xcv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and able to protect his people. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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32:4 vh3k 0 “everything he does”
|
||
32:4 xtg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Walking on a path is a metaphor for how a person lives his life. Alternate translation: “he does everything in a just way” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:4 j65c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh is fair and does what is right. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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||
32:5 ehu3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. Moses continues to use parallelism to emphasize what he is saying. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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32:5 exs2 0 “opposed him by doing what is wrong.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:16](../04/16.md).
|
||
32:5 k81b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 The words “perverted” and “crooked” mean basically the same thing. Moses uses them to emphasize how wicked the generation is. Alternate translation: “a completely wicked generation” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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||
32:6 tfw7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 Moses uses a question to scold the people. Alternate translation: “You should give Yahweh proper praise … people.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
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32:6 bwz6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 The words “foolish” and “senseless” mean the same thing and emphasize how foolish the people are for disobeying Yahweh. Alternate translation: “you extremely foolish people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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||
32:6 m2g1 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular.
|
||
32:6 aeq8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 Moses uses a question to scold the people. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is your father and the one who created you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
32:7 ks26 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel.
|
||
32:7 ki4q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
32:7 a5hd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Remember” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
32:7 ksl4 0 “days of long ago.” Moses refers to the time period when the ancestors of the people of Israel were alive.
|
||
32:7 aba7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 This is a repetition of what Moses just said in the previous portion. Moses wants the people of Israel to focus on their history as a nation. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:7 p9u5 0 “he will make it clear to you” or “he will enable you to understand it”
|
||
32:8 q59u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. “put the nations in the places where they would live.” Similar words, “giving to you as an inheritance,” appear in [Deuteronomy 4:21](../04/21.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
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32:8 vz2i 0 God assigned each people group, together with its gods, to its own territory. In this way, he limited the influence of a people group’s idols.
|
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32:9 zcj3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. As he speaks to the Israelites, he talks about them as if they were someone else and as if they were one man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
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32:9 j71r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 These two phrases means basically the same thing and can be combined. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Jacob are Yahweh’s inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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32:10 b2tx 0 “He found Jacob … shielded him and cared for him … guarded him” You may need to translate this as if Moses were talking about the Israelites as many people. Alternate translation: “He found our ancestors … shielded them and cared for them … guarded them”
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32:10 lv7u 0 Here “howling” refers to the sound the wind makes as it blows through the empty land.
|
||
32:10 q44y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. The apple of an eye refers to the dark part inside the eyeball that allows a person to see. This is a very important and sensitive part of the body. This means that the people of Israel are very important to God and something he protects. Alternate translation: “he protected him as something very valuable and precious” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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32:11 x9dv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:11 up27 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile 0 This means Yahweh watched over and protected the Israelites while they were in the desert. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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32:11 wh5r 0 the outer edges of a bird’s wings
|
||
32:12 wp5e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns 0 Moses again speaks of the Israelites as “Jacob” ([Deuteronomy 32:9](./09.md)). You may need to translate as if Moses were speaking of the Israelites as many people. Alternate translation: “led them … with them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
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32:13 kx8r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:13 sq4v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. The word “him” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Yahweh made them ride on high places of the land” or “Yahweh helped them take and occupy the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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||
32:13 jg4h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns 0 Moses continues to speak of the Israelites as “Jacob” ([Deuteronomy 32:9](./09.md)). You may need to translate this as though Moses were speaking of the Israelites as many people. Alternate translation: “made our ancestors ride … fed them … nourished them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||
32:13 t4p5 0 “he brought him to a land with plenty of crops he could eat”
|
||
32:13 wlf5 0 The land had many wild bees, which produce honey, with hives inside rock holes. There were also many olive trees, which provide oil, and grow on rocks, hills, and mountains.
|
||
32:13 yp29 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This is like a mother giving her breast to an infant. “allowed him to suck honey” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:14 dg9l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
32:14 dt4w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns 0 Moses continues to speak of the Israelites as “Jacob” ([Deuteronomy 32:9](./09.md)). You may need to translate as though Moses were speaking of the Israelites as many people. Alternate translation: “Our ancestors ate” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||
32:14 u9ig 0 The people of Israel had many healthy herd animals.
|
||
32:15 g93y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues speaking his poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:15 i1m2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 Moses speaks of the Israelites as if they were a well-fed animal whose owner named it Jeshurun. You may add a footnote that says, “The name ‘Jeshurun’ means ‘upright one.’” If your language cannot speak of the Israelites as Jeshurun, you may refer to the Israelites as many people, as the UST does. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
32:15 ly6m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This means Yahweh is strong like a rock and able to protect his people. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:15 dy92 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and able to protect his people. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:4](../32/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:16 a41m 0 The Israelites made Yahweh jealous.
|
||
32:17 u97e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses continues to speak his song to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
32:17 c5ir 0 “The people of Israel sacrificed”
|
||
32:17 hw1l 0 This means the Israelites recently learned about these gods.
|
||
32:17 m59h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses is speaking to the Israelites as many people, so the word “your” is plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
32:18 ch18 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses is speaking to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||
32:18 mpu7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Here Yahweh is called the rock because he is strong and protective. Alternate translation: “You have left the protective care of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:18 ul7n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and able to protect his people. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:4](../32/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:18 y9b3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This compares Yahweh to a father and a mother. This means God caused them to live and to be a nation. Alternate translation: “who fathered you … who gave life to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:19 yfx6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:19 eca4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This refers to the people of Israel whom Yahweh gave life to and made into a nation. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:20 jv62 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “I will turn away from them” or “I will stop helping them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
32:20 klx8 0 “I will see what happens to them”
|
||
32:21 pb9z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:21 ya83 0 Here “me” refers to Yahweh.
|
||
32:21 sa14 0 “what are false gods”
|
||
32:21 qj69 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 You may need to make explicit what the “things” are. Alternate translation: “worthless idols” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||
32:21 vst4 0 “people who do not belong to one people group”
|
||
32:21 zd9q 0 Translate “foolish” as in [Deuteronomy 32:6](../32/06.md).
|
||
32:22 wb8b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:22 i1bl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh compares his anger to a fire. This emphasizes his power to destroy what makes him angry. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:22 nll8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I start a fire because I am angry, and it burns … it is devouring … it is setting” or “when I am angry, I destroy my enemies like a fire, and I destroy everything on earth and in … I devour … I set” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
32:22 eis3 0 “even to the world of the dead”
|
||
32:23 g9k3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:23 p1xb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh speaks of bad things that would happen to the Israelites as if they were something like dirt that he could pile up on top of the Israelites. Alternate translation: “I will make sure that many bad things happen to them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:23 ys8x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Here Yahweh compares the bad things he will make sure happen to the Israelites to someone shooting arrows from a bow. Alternate translation: “I will do all I can do to kill them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:24 vr46 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. The abstract noun “hunger” can be translated as the verb “be hungry.” Alternate translation: “They will grow weak and die because they are hungry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
32:24 sj74 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 Possible meanings of “burning heat” are (1) the Israelites will suffer from fevers or (2) the weather will be unusually hot during a drought or famine. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They will … hunger, and burning heat and terrible disasters will devour them” or “They will … hunger, and they will die from burning heat and terrible disasters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
32:24 l8d2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 The teeth and the poison are synecdoches for the animals that use these things to kill. Alternate translation: “I will send wild animals to bite them, and things that crawl in the dust to bite and poison them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
32:25 ci4t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:25 fy8e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “sword” represents the army of the enemy. Alternate translation: “When the Israelites are outside, the enemy army will kill them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
32:25 kgf9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification 0 Yahweh speaks of being afraid as if it were a person who comes into a house and kills those who live in it. Alternate translation: “you will die because you are afraid” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||
32:25 mhn4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism 0 These terms describing people of different ages are combined to mean that all kinds of people will die. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||
32:26 p3ic rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations 0 This can be translated as a direct quote. Alternate translation: “I said, ‘I will … away, and I will … mankind.’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||
32:26 ly17 0 “I would make all people forget about them”
|
||
32:27 b351 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:27 gg1k 0 “I was afraid of the provocation of the enemy”
|
||
32:27 vz7e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 This abstract noun can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “that the enemy would provoke me” or “that the enemy would cause me to be angry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
32:27 lw79 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns 0 Yahweh speaks of his enemies as if they are one man. Alternate translation: “my enemy” or “my enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||
32:27 w8l7 0 “misunderstand”
|
||
32:27 sbq8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “hand” represents the strength or power of a person. To be exalted is an idiom for defeating an enemy. Alternate translation: “We have defeated them because we are more powerful” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
32:28 uqg7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:29 p62h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo 0 Moses states something that he wishes were true, but he knows that they are not wise and do not understand that their disobedience will cause Yahweh to bring this disaster on them. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||
32:29 c7cm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract noun “fate” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “what is going to happen to them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
32:30 u5ex rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words and tell them more of what they would have understood if they were wise ([Deuteronomy 32:29](../32/29.md)). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:30 qr7h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 Moses uses a question to scold the people for not being wise enough to understand why their enemies are defeating them. This question can be translated as a statement as in the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
32:30 vu9l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “How could 1 enemy soldier chase 1,000 of your men, and 2 enemy soldiers cause 10,000 of your men to run away” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||
32:30 v82y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The word “Rock” refers to Yahweh who is strong and able to protect his people. Alternate translation: “unless Yahweh, their Rock, had handed them over” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:30 tv28 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 “The Rock” here is a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and able to protect his people. Translate “Rock” as in [Deuteronomy 32:4](../32/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:31 d2ny rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 “The Rock” here is a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and able to protect his people. Translate “Rock” as in [Deuteronomy 32:4](../32/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:31 r1wx 0 The enemies’ idols and false gods are not powerful like Yahweh.
|
||
32:31 lbx7 0 “not only do we say so, but our enemies say so also”
|
||
32:32 a5z3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:32 tch7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses compares enemies who worship false gods to the wicked people who lived in Sodom and Gomorrah and to grapevines that produce poisonous fruit. This means their enemies are wicked and will cause the Israelites to die if the Israelites start to act like the people who live around them. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:32 l3du rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The vine is a metaphor for the people group. “it is as if their vine were a branch of the vines that grew in the fields of Sodom and Gomorrah” or Alternate translation: “they do evil the same way the people who lived in Sodom and Gomorrah did” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:32 i5fv 0 “their clusters of grapes”
|
||
32:33 y87k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:33 zwn7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses continues comparing the enemies of the people of Israel to grapevines that produce poisonous fruit and wine. This means their enemies are wicked. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:33 rck8 0 poisonous snakes
|
||
32:34 eti9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 This question emphasizes that Yahweh’s plans for the people of Israel are kept secret like a valuable treasure. The rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. It can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I know what I have planned to do to the Israelite people and to their enemies, and I have locked up those plans as someone would lock up his valuable possessions.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
32:35 wr4g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. This is the end of Moses’s quotation of Yahweh’s words that begins in [Deuteronomy 32:20](../32/20.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:35 sg4m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 The words “vengeance” and “recompense” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “I will have vengeance and punish Israel’s enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||
32:35 v1h2 0 to punish or reward a person for what he has done
|
||
32:35 dj8g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 Something bad has happened to them. Alternate translation: “they are helpless” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
32:35 ad9x 0 “the time for me to destroy them”
|
||
32:35 jvl7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh speaks of the bad things that will happen to his enemies as if the bad things were people running eagerly to punish them. Alternate translation: “I will punish them quickly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:36 h6tb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues to speak a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:36 z7w2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract noun “justice” can be translated as an adjective or as an adverb. Alternate translation: “For Yahweh will do what is just for his people” or “For Yahweh will act justly towards his people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
32:36 s7w9 0 “he will feel that he needs to help his servants”
|
||
32:37 y7ls rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:38 en77 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 Here Yahweh mocks the people of Israel for offering sacrifices to other gods. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “The gods to whom the Israelites offered meat and wine have not come to help them.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||
32:38 vtv4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony 0 Yahweh says this to mock the Israelites. He knows these gods cannot help them. Alternate translation: “These idols are not even able to get up and help or to protect you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
|
||
32:39 rkh6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:39 kii3 0 “I, I myself” or “I, I alone.” Yahweh repeats “I” to emphasize that only he is God.
|
||
32:40 wwk7 0 “I lift up my hand to heaven and swear” or “I have taken an oath.” Lifting up the hand is a sign of making an oath.
|
||
32:40 la6k 0 “As certainly as I live forever” or “I swear by my life which is never-ending.” This statement assures the people that what God says in [Deuteronomy 32:41](../32/41.md)-[Deuteronomy 32:42](./42.md) will happen.
|
||
32:41 zb2k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:41 x382 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 “When I sharpen my shining sword.” This means God is preparing to judge and punish his enemies. Alternate translation: “When I am ready to judge my enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
32:41 yfw3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “when I get ready to judge the wicked” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
32:42 p1fx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:42 mma7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh speaks of arrows as if they were people to whom he could give alcohol and make them drunk, and of a sword as if it were a person who was so hungry that he would eat an animal before draining the blood out. These metaphors are metonyms for a soldier using arrows and a sword to kill many enemies. This in turn is a metaphor for Yahweh killing his enemies in war. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||
32:42 ml4t 0 A possible meaning is “from the long-haired heads of the enemy.”
|
||
32:43 mm3z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 This is the end of Moses’ song. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
32:43 hzi1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Moses addresses the peoples of all the nations as if they were there listening. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
|
||
32:43 h5mv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “blood of his servants” represents the lives of his innocent servants who were killed. Alternate translation: “for he will take revenge on his enemies, who killed his servants” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
32:44 q6l6 0 Possible meanings are (1) “spoke” or (2) “sang.”
|
||
32:44 zdk4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “ears” represents the people themselves and emphasizes that Moses wanted to make sure they heard the song clearly. Alternate translation: “to the people so they would be sure to hear it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
32:45 a69v 0 Possible meanings are (1) “speaking” or (2) “singing.”
|
||
32:46 llt8 0 “Moses said to the people of Israel”
|
||
32:46 sqq3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Pay attention to” or “Think about” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
32:46 iw4n 0 Possible meanings are (1) “I have testified to you,” referring to what Yahweh has said he will do to the Israelites if they disobey, or (2) “I have commanded you,” referring to what Yahweh was commanding them to do.
|
||
32:46 a9uh 0 “your children and descendants”
|
||
32:47 v8tt 0 “this law is”
|
||
32:47 wd7v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes 0 This litotes can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “something very important” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||
32:47 i8bs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The abstract noun “life” can be translated as the verb “live.” You may need to make explicit the metonymy of obeying the law, which represents the law itself. Alternate translation: “because you will live if you obey it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
32:47 a2bz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
32:49 i56s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a mountain range in Moab. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
32:49 gwe2 0 “Abarim and climb up Mount Nebo”
|
||
32:49 u1pf rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the highest place in the Abarim Mountains. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
32:49 y54j 0 “on the other side of the river from Jericho”
|
||
32:50 n95r 0 Yahweh finishes speaking to Moses.
|
||
32:50 w499 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism 0 This is a polite way of saying Moses’ spirit would join the spirits of his relatives in the world of the dead. Alternate translation: “join your ancestors who died before you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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||
32:50 gnq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a mountain on the border of Edom. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
32:51 mwq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of the place in the desert where Moses disobeyed God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
32:51 fv5z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is the name of a wilderness on the southern border of Judah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||
33:intro y2l8 0 # Deuteronomy 33 General Notes\n## Structure and formatting\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic lines of Moses’ blessings in 33:1-29.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Families\nMoses gives a series of prophecies or instructions for each of the tribes of Israel and Israel overall. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
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33:1 p6db rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses begins to bless the tribes of Israel. Moses speaks the blessing in the form of short poems. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
33:2 b26n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Moses compares Yahweh to the rising sun. Alternate translation: “When Yahweh came from Sinai, he looked to them like the sun when it rises from Seir and shines out from Mount Paran” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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||
33:2 d9h2 0 “upon the people of Israel”
|
||
33:2 d89e rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “10,000 angels” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||
33:2 v2fc 0 Other possible meanings are (1) “In his right hand were flames of fire” or (2) “He gave them a law of fire” or (3) “He came from the south, down his mountain slopes.”
|
||
33:3 dj5y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 These verses are difficult to understand. Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:2](../33/02.md). Moses speaks the blessing in the form of short poems. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
33:3 pjq4 0 “the people of Israel”
|
||
33:3 uuu1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns 0 The pronouns “his” and “your” refer to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “all Yahweh’s holy ones are in his hand … his feet … his words” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||
33:3 sx8z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The hand is a metonym for power and protection. Alternate translation: “you protect all his holy people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
33:4 j3nq 0 “a possession” or “a precious possession”
|
||
33:5 eer4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Verse 5 is difficult to understand. Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:2](../33/02.md). The blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
33:5 c2d9 0 “Yahweh became king”
|
||
33:5 g63w 0 This is another name for Israel. Translated as in [Deuteronomy 32:15](../32/15.md).
|
||
33:6 xmf7 0 This begins Moses’ blessings to the individual tribes of Israel.
|
||
33:6 qs86 0 Other possible meanings are (1) “and may his men not be few” or (2) “even though his men are few.”
|
||
33:7 e9mj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:2](../33/02.md). The blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
33:7 hxx8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Here “voice of Judah” refers to the cries and prayers of the people of Judah. Alternate translation: “when the people of Judah pray to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
33:7 v8f7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract noun “help” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “help him to fight” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
33:8 hq6l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:2](../33/02.md). The blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
33:8 f539 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 These were sacred stones the high priest carried on his breastplate and used at times to determine God’s will. Here “your” refers to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||
33:8 d4cp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Moses refers to the tribe of Levi as if it were one man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
33:8 p5zx 0 “the one who seeks to please you.”
|
||
33:8 l4zu 0 See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:16](../06/16.md). Translator may add a footnote that says: “The name ‘Massah’ means ‘testing.’”
|
||
33:8 vr2z 0 See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:51](../32/51.md). Translator may add a footnote that says: “The name ‘Meribah’ means ‘argue’ or ‘quarrel.’”
|
||
33:9 a55p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:2](../33/02.md). The blessings are short poems. He continues describing the tribe of Levi, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:8](./08.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
33:9 n8y3 0 “your commands”
|
||
33:9 mi7x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet 0 These words both mean to watch over and to protect. They are often metaphors for “obeyed,” but here they should be translated literally because they refer to a time when the Levites literally killed people who were rebelling against Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
33:10 n6nd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues to describe the tribe of Levi, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:8](../33/08.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
33:10 q9bv 0 Moses is speaking to Yahweh, so all these words are singular.
|
||
33:11 y1nd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues describing the tribe of Levi, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:8](../33/08.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
33:11 m8mw 0 be pleased with
|
||
33:11 g9hx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here the word “hands” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “all the work that he does” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||
33:11 qcv6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The loins were considered the center of strength, and are here represent strength. Alternate translation: “Take away the strength of” or “Utterly destroy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||
33:11 m34s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This phrase is used twice as a metaphor. Alternate translation: “rise up to fight … cause any more trouble” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||
33:11 d2c2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “fight against” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||
33:12 c4ca rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
33:12 wbv9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 Here Moses is referring to the members of the tribe of Benjamin. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The ones whom Yahweh loves live” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
33:12 rf48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstact noun “security” can be translated using a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “lives where no one can harm him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||
33:12 t7re 0 Possible meanings are (1) Yahweh protects the tribe of Benjamin with his power or (2) Yahweh lives in the hill region of the tribe of Benjamin. In both translations, it means Yahweh takes care of them.
|
||
33:13 bn1r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||
33:13 l4ua 0 This refers to the tribe of Ephraim and the tribe of Manasseh. Both tribes descended from Joseph.
|
||
33:13 vty3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The word “his” refers to Joseph which represents the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh bless their land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||
33:13 y87w 0 “with the precious dew from the sky” or “with the precious rain from the sky”
|
||
33:13 rzk5 0 water that forms on leaves and grass on cool mornings. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:2](../32/02.md).
|
||
33:13 xy69 0 This refers to the water under the ground.
|
||
33:14 tz8j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues to describe the tribe of Joseph, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:13](../33/13.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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33:14 xt79 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 33:13](../33/13.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh bless his land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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33:14 jc3s 0 “with the best crops that the sun causes to grow”
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33:14 w7c3 0 “with the best crops that grow month to month”
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33:15 y6md rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 Moses is probably referring to food crops. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “the best fruits … the precious fruits” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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33:15 ex8p 0 “the mountains that existed long ago”
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33:15 e1pr 0 “the hills that will exist forever”
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33:16 rm3x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues to describe the tribe of Joseph, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:13](../33/13.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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33:16 t49i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 33:13](../33/13.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh bless his land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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33:16 sq7u 0 The abstract noun “abundance” can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “what it produces in large amounts”
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33:16 z8v1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, who spoke to Moses from the burning bush” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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33:16 s176 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This metaphor is of a man putting his hand on the head of a son and asking God to bless the son. The man here is Yahweh. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh bless Joseph as a father blesses his son” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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33:16 yvh8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche 0 Here “head” and “top of the head” represent the whole person. Also, Joseph represents his descendants. Alternate translation: “be upon the descendants of Joseph” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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33:16 wr2z 0 Another possible meaning is “brow” or “forehead.”
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33:17 dw4y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues to describe the tribe of Joseph, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:13](../33/13.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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33:17 h7um rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The ox is a metaphor for something large and strong. The word “firstborn” is a metaphor for honor. Alternate translation: “People will honor Joseph’s descendants, who are many and powerful” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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33:17 emy2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The horn is a metaphor for strength. Alternate translation: “he is as strong as” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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33:17 s54w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Pushing with his horns is a metaphor for strength. Alternate translation: “He is so strong that he will push” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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33:17 nv6i rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 This means the tribe of Ephraim will be stronger than the tribe of Manasseh. Alternate translation: “the people of Ephraim, who number many times 10,000 … the people of Manasseh, who number many times 1,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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33:18 g9eh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues to bless each tribe of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He speaks to the tribes of Zebulun and Issachar as if they were one man, so the word “your” and the command “rejoice” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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33:18 m1l6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The people of Zebulun were located near the Mediterranean Sea. They traveled by sea and traded with other people. The people of Issachar preferred peaceful living and working the land and raising cattle. You can make clear the understood information. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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33:19 bwp6 0 “It is there that they will offer”
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33:19 h5jn 0 “acceptable sacrifices” or “proper sacrifices”
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33:19 ime2 0 Possible meanings are (1) they will trade with people across the sea or (2) they were beginning to use sand in making pottery.
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33:19 cl5x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The Hebrew word translated “suck” here refers to how a baby nurses at its mother’s breast. It means the people will gain wealth from the sea like a baby gets milk from its mother. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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33:20 r21i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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33:20 sb7w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 0 This can stated in active form. Alternate translation: Possible meanings are (1) “May Yahweh bless Gad and give him much land to live in” or (2) “People should say that Yahweh is good because he has given Gad much land to live in” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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33:20 qa5j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile 0 This means the people of Gad are strong and secure, and they will defeat their enemies in war. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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33:21 ypm2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues to describe the tribe of Gad as one man, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:20](../33/20.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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33:21 nad9 0 This means a larger piece of land that a leader normally took.
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33:21 nfg7 0 “They met with all the leaders of the Israelites”
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33:21 nt25 0 “They obeyed all that Yahweh had commanded the Israelites”
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33:22 r6bu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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33:22 rjp5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The people of Dan are strong like a lion cub, and they attack their enemies who live in Bashan. You can make clear the understood information. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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33:23 xsb4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He speaks of the descendants of Naphtali as if they were one man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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33:23 j9cl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh being pleased with Naphtali is spoken of as if “favor” were food that Naphtali ate until he was no longer hungry. Alternate translation: “who has all the good things he desires because Yahweh is pleased with him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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33:23 xhj4 0 Blessings are spoken of as if they were food that Naphtali ate until he could hold no more. Alternate translation: “whom Yahweh has blessed so that he has all he needs”
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33:23 av3i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks as if the tribe of Naphtali is one man, so these words are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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33:23 q4kc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 This refers to the land around Lake Galilee. The full meaning of this statement may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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33:24 b3kp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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33:24 frq4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 Olive oil was used for food and for the skin of the face and arms. Feet were dirty, so to put the foot in olive oil was to ruin valuable oil. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “have so much olive oil that he can afford to waste it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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33:25 ht1b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the tribe of Asher as if they are one man, so all instances of “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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33:25 eim5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 Cities had large bars across their gates to keep enemies out. The meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “May you be safe from attacks by your enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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33:26 wxb7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 This is an image of Yahweh riding on clouds through the sky like a king on his chariot riding through a battlefield. Alternate translation: “rides through the heavens like a king rides through a battlefield … on the clouds like a king on his chariot” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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33:26 l9qh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 “to help you.” Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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33:27 if2j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns 0 The abstract noun “refuge,” which means a shelter or a place safe from danger, can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “The eternal God will protect his people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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33:27 bk5r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The words “everlasting arms” are a metaphor for Yahweh’s promise to protect his people forever. Alternate translation: “he will support and take care of his people forever” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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33:27 hrf2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture 0 Moses speaks of the future as if it were the past to emphasize that what he is saying will come true. AT “He will thrust out … he will say” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
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33:27 zfz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” and the command “destroy” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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33:27 an79 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations 0 If this direct quotation would not work well in your language, you may change it to an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “he will tell you to destroy them!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
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33:28 c8xi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture 0 Possible meanings are (1) Moses speaks of the future as if it were the past to emphasize that what he is saying will come true, “Israel will dwell … Jacob’s spring will be secure” or (2) Moses is blessing Israel, “May Israel dwell … and may Jacob’s spring be secure.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
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33:28 cp65 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 Possible meanings are (1) Jacob’s home or (2) Jacob’s descendants. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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33:28 ze3a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The dew is spoken of as being so much that it is as if it were raining. Possible meanings are (1) Moses is blessing Israel, “may much dew cover the land like rain” or (2) Moses is telling what will happen in the future, “much dew will cover the land like rain.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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33:28 qcg6 0 water that forms on leaves and grass on cool mornings. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:2](../32/02.md).
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33:29 hn5q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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33:29 q9sn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. It can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “There is no other people group like you, a people whom Yahweh has saved … majesty.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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33:29 n3du rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism 0 This merism speaks of Yahweh defending the Israelites from their enemies and enabling them to attack their enemies. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
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33:29 tm9a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The word “shield” is a metaphor for Yahweh protecting and defending the Israelites. The abstract noun “help” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “the one who protects you and helps you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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33:29 cur3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The word “sword” is a metaphor for the power to kill with the sword in order to win battles. Alternate translation: “the one who enables you to win battles and so have majesty” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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33:29 ly3l 0 Possible meanings are (1) the Israelites will destroy the places where the other people worship false gods or (2) the Israelites will walk on the backs of their enemies when the Israelites defeat them.
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34:intro kh67 0 # Deuteronomy 34 General Notes\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter may have been written by Joshua, since it recorded Moses’ death. This chapter officially ends the revelation of the law of Moses, and life in the Promised Land is about to begin again. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])
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34:1 ayb8 0 This is the highest point of Mount Pisgah which is in the northern part of the Abarim mountain range. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:49](../32/49.md).
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34:1 r9wl 0 See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 3:17](../03/17.md).
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34:3 h1nc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names 0 This is another name for Jericho. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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34:4 aj1d 0 “see it for yourself”
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34:6 z3y1 0 This was a town in Moab. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 3:29](../03/29.md).
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34:6 i3kg 0 This refers to the time that this was written or edited, not to the present time in the twenty-first century.
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34:7 l52x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “30 days” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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34:7 gif3 0 This means his eyes and body were still strong and healthy.
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34:8 uz65 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 0 “30 days” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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34:9 znf5 0 See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:38](../01/38.md).
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34:9 g774 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The writer speaks as if Joshua were a container and the spirit were a physical object that could be put into a container. Alternate translation: “Yahweh enabled Joshua … to be very wise” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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34:9 yd83 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Moses had laid his hands on him to set Joshua apart so Joshua would serve Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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34:10 t1l8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 0 This is an idiom. It means Yahweh and Moses had a very close relationship. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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34:12 mq8g 0 “who did all the great”
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