ml_tn/tn_2TH.tsv

Reference	ID	Tags	SupportReference	Quote	Occurrence	Note
front:intro	krd6				0	# Introduction to 2 Thessalonians\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n\n### Outline of the Book of 2 Thessalonians\n\n1. Greetings and thanksgiving (1:1-3)\n1. Christians suffering from persecution\n- They are worthy of the kingdom of God and of his promise of relief from trials (1:4-7)\n- God will judge those who persecute Christians (1:8-12)\n1. Some believers’ misunderstanding about the second coming of Christ\n- Christ’s return has not yet happened (2:1-2)\n- Instruction about the events that will precede the return of Christ (2:3-12)\n1. Paul’s confidence that God will save the Thessalonian Christians\n- His call to “stand firm” (2:13-15)\n- His prayer that God will comfort them (2:16-17)\n1. Paul requests that the Thessalonian believers pray for him (3:1-5)\n1. Paul give commands about idle believers (3:6-15)\n1. Closing (3:16-17)\n\n### Who wrote 2 Thessalonians?\n\nPaul wrote 2 Thessalonians. He was from the city of Tarsus. He had been known as Saul in his early life. Before becoming a Christian, Paul was a Pharisee. He persecuted Christians. After he became a Christian, he traveled several times throughout the Roman Empire telling people about Jesus.\n\nPaul wrote this letter while staying in the city of Corinth.\n\n### What is the Book of 2 Thessalonians about?\n\nPaul wrote this letter to the believers in the city of Thessalonica. He encouraged the believers because they were being persecuted. He told them to continue living in a way that pleased God. And he wanted to teach them again about Christ’s return.\n\n### How should the title of this book be translated?\n\nTranslators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, “2 Thessalonians” or “Second Thessalonians.” Or they may choose a clearer title, such as “Paul’s Second Letter to the Church in Thessalonica,” or “The Second Letter to the Christians in Thessalonica.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])\n\n## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts\n\n### What is the “second coming” of Jesus?\n\nPaul wrote much in this letter about Jesus’ eventual return to Earth. When Jesus returns, he will judge all mankind. He will also rule over creation. And he will cause there to be peace everywhere. Paul also explained that a “man of lawlessness” will come before Christ’s return. This person will obey Satan and cause many people to oppose God. But Jesus will destroy this person when he returns.\n\n## Part 3: Important Translation Issues\n\n### What did Paul mean by the expression “in Christ,” “in the Lord,” etc.?\n\nPaul meant to express the idea of a very close union with Christ and the believers. Please see the introduction to the Book of Romans for more details about this kind of expression.\n\n### What are the major issues in the text of the Book of 2 Thessalonians?\n\nFor the following verses, modern versions of the Bible differ from older versions. The ULT text has the modern reading and puts the older reading in a footnote. If a translation of the Bible exists in the general region, translators should consider using the reading found in those versions. If not, translators are advised to follow the modern reading.\n\n* “and the man of lawlessness is revealed” (2:3). The ULT, UST, and most modern versions read this way. Older versions have, “and the man of sin is revealed.”\n* “For God chose you as the firstfruits for salvation” (2:13) The ULT, UST, and some other versions read this way. Other versions have, “For God chose you from the first for salvation.”\n\n(See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])
1:intro	m987				0	# 2 Thessalonians 01 General Notes\n## Structure and formatting\n\nVerses 1-2 formally introduce this letter. Letters in the ancient Near East commonly had introductions of this type.\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Paradox\n\nA paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. A paradox occurs in verses 4-5: “We talk about your patience and faith in all your persecutions. We talk about the afflictions that you endure. This is a sign of God’s righteous judgment.” People would not normally think that believing in God while being persecuted is a sign of God’s righteous judgment. But in verses 5-10, Paul explains how God will reward those who believe in him and how he will judge those who afflict them. ([2 Thessalonians 1:4-5](./04.md))
1:1	b6vf		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive		0	Paul is the author of this letter, but he includes Silvanus and Timothy as senders of the letter. He begins by greeting the church at Thessalonica. The words “we” and “us” refer to Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy, unless otherwise noted. Also, the word “you” is plural and refers to the believers at the church of Thessalonica. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1:1	hm3e			Σιλουανὸς	1	This is the Latin form of “Silas.” He is the same person listed in the book of Acts as Paul’s fellow traveler.
1:2	g6rb			χάρις ὑμῖν	1	Paul commonly uses this greeting in his letters.
1:3	m6z5				0	Paul gives thanks for the believers in Thessalonica.
1:3	ea59		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	εὐχαριστεῖν ὀφείλομεν τῷ Θεῷ πάντοτε	1	Paul uses “always” as a generalization meaning “often” or “regularly. The sentence emphasizes the greatness of what God is doing in the lives of the Thessalonian believers. Alternate translation: “We should often give thanks to God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1:3	h6t9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations	ἀδελφοί	1	Here “brothers” means fellow Christians, including both men and women. Alternate translation: “brothers and sisters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
1:3	u3m8			καθὼς ἄξιόν ἐστιν	1	“It is the right thing to do” or “It is good”
1:3	xy7k			πλεονάζει ἡ ἀγάπη ἑνὸς ἑκάστου, πάντων ὑμῶν, εἰς ἀλλήλους	1	“you sincerely love one another”
1:3	bmn6			ἀλλήλους	1	Here “one another” means fellow Christians.
1:4	kx1n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns	αὐτοὺς ἡμᾶς	1	Here “ourselves” is used to emphasize Paul’s boasting. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
1:5	dad9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	καταξιωθῆναι ὑμᾶς τῆς Βασιλείας τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that God will consider you worthy to be part of his kingdom” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1:6	wrg2				0	As Paul continues, he talks about God being just.
1:6	cxx1			εἴπερ δίκαιον παρὰ Θεῷ	1	“God is right” or “God is just”
1:6	id3i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	παρὰ Θεῷ, ἀνταποδοῦναι τοῖς θλίβουσιν ὑμᾶς θλῖψιν	1	Here “to return” is a metaphor that means to cause someone to experience the same thing they did to someone else. Alternate translation: “for God to afflict those who afflict you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1:7	hxy2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	καὶ ὑμῖν & ἄνεσιν	1	These words continue the description of what God is right “to return” to people (verse 6). This is a metaphor that means to cause someone to experience the same thing they did to someone else. Alternate translation: “and to relieve you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1:7	lu43		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	ὑμῖν & ἄνεσιν	1	You can make it explicit that God is the one who provides relief. Alternate translation: “for God to provide relief to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1:7	yix7			ἀγγέλων δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ	1	“his powerful angels”
1:8	y3uv			ἐν πυρὶ φλογός διδόντος ἐκδίκησιν τοῖς μὴ εἰδόσι Θεὸν, καὶ τοῖς	1	“He will punish with blazing fire those who do not know God and those who” or “Then with blazing fire he will punish those who do not know God and those who”
1:9	plw5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	οἵτινες δίκην τίσουσιν	1	Here “They” refers to the people who do not obey the gospel. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The Lord will punish them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1:10	ugk9			ὅταν ἔλθῃ & ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ	1	Here “that day” is the day when Jesus will return to the world.
1:10	bi2u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	ἐνδοξασθῆναι ἐν τοῖς ἁγίοις αὐτοῦ, καὶ θαυμασθῆναι ἐν πᾶσιν τοῖς πιστεύσασιν	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when his people will glorify him and all those who believed will stand in awe of him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1:11	ik19			καὶ προσευχόμεθα πάντοτε περὶ ὑμῶν	1	Paul is emphasizing how often he prays for them. Alternate translation: we also pray regularly for you” or “we continue to pray for you”
1:11	hiv9			τῆς κλήσεως	1	Here “calling” refers to God appointing or choosing people to be his children and servants, and to proclaim his message of salvation through Jesus.
1:11	r8gk			πληρώσῃ πᾶσαν εὐδοκίαν ἀγαθωσύνης	1	“make you able to do good in every way that you desire”
1:12	q994		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	ὅπως ἐνδοξασθῇ τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ, ἐν ὑμῖν	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that you may glorify the name of our Lord Jesus” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1:12	pg2i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	καὶ ὑμεῖς ἐν αὐτῷ	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Jesus will glorify you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1:12	z8k9			κατὰ τὴν χάριν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν	1	“because of God’s grace”
2:intro	jq9r				0	# 2 Thessalonians 02 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### “Being gathered together to be with him”\n\nThis passage refers to a time when Jesus calls to himself those who have believed in him. Scholars differ on whether or not this refers to Christ’s final glorious return. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]])\n\n### Man of lawlessness\nThis is the same as “son of destruction” and “lawless one” in this chapter. Paul associates him with Satan actively working in the world. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/antichrist]])\n\n### Sits in the temple of God\nPaul could be referring to the Jerusalem temple that the Romans destroyed several years after he wrote this letter. Or he could be referring to a future physical temple, or to the church as the spiritual temple of God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2:1	r36t				0	Paul exhorts believers not to be deceived about the day Jesus will come back.
2:1	q1uq			δὲ	1	The word “Now” marks a change of topic in Paul’s instructions.
2:1	cvg5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations	ἀδελφοί	1	Here “brothers” means fellow Christians, including both men and women. Alternate translation: “brothers and sisters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
2:2	b8b2			εἰς τὸ μὴ ταχέως σαλευθῆναι ὑμᾶς & μηδὲ θροεῖσθαι	1	“that you do not easily let yourselves be disturbed”
2:2	d334			διὰ πνεύματος, μήτε διὰ λόγου, μήτε δι’ ἐπιστολῆς, ὡς δι’ ἡμῶν	1	“by spoken word or by written letter that pretends to be coming from us”
2:2	k4dk			ὡς ὅτι	1	“saying that”
2:2	ib6m			ἡ ἡμέρα τοῦ Κυρίου	1	This refers to the time when Jesus will come back to the earth for all believers.
2:3	l9c5				0	Paul teaches about the man of lawlessness.
2:3	ej66			μὴ ἔλθῃ	1	“the day of the Lord will not come”
2:3	y7ch			ἡ ἀποστασία	1	This refers to a future time when many people will turn away from God.
2:3	e86v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	ἀποκαλυφθῇ ὁ ἄνθρωπος τῆς ἀνομίας	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God reveals the man of lawlessness” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2:3	tkg9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ὁ υἱὸς τῆς ἀπωλείας	1	Paul speaks of destruction as a person who bore a son whose goal is to totally destroy everything. Alternate translation: “the one who destroys everything he can” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2:4	t485		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	πάντα λεγόμενον θεὸν ἢ σέβασμα	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “everything that people consider to be God or everything that people worship” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2:4	wj33			ἀποδεικνύντα ἑαυτὸν ὅτι ἔστιν Θεός	1	“shows himself as God”
2:5	rsz1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	οὐ μνημονεύετε & ταῦτα	1	Paul uses a rhetorical question to remind them of his teaching when he was with them previously. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am sure you remember … these things.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2:5	lkk7			ταῦτα	1	This refers to the return of Jesus, the day of the Lord, and the man of lawlessness.
2:6	ask4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	τὸ ἀποκαλυφθῆναι αὐτὸν ἐν τῷ αὐτοῦ καιρῷ	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will reveal the man of lawlessness when the time is right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2:7	si9i			μυστήριον & τῆς ἀνομίας	1	This refers to a sacred secret that only God knows.
2:7	fcu7			ὁ κατέχων	1	To restrain someone is to hold them back or to keep them from doing what they want to do.
2:8	hn67		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	καὶ τότε ἀποκαλυφθήσεται ὁ ἄνομος	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Then God will allow the lawless one to show himself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2:8	vay9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	τῷ πνεύματι τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ	1	Here “breath” represents the power of God. Alternate translation: “by the power of his spoken word” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2:8	hy3y			καὶ καταργήσει τῇ ἐπιφανείᾳ τῆς παρουσίας αὐτοῦ	1	When Jesus returns to earth and shows himself, he will defeat the lawless one.
2:9	bd5m			ἐν πάσῃ δυνάμει, καὶ σημείοις, καὶ τέρασιν ψεύδους	1	“with all kinds of power, signs, and false wonders”
2:10	tf75			ἐν πάσῃ ἀπάτῃ ἀδικίας	1	This person will use every sort of evil to deceive people to believe in him instead of God.
2:10	v366			τοῖς ἀπολλυμένοις	1	This man who is given power by Satan will deceive everyone who did not believe in Jesus.
2:10	pf48			ἀπολλυμένοις	1	Here “perishing” has the concept of everlasting or eternal destruction.
2:11	sj1v			διὰ τοῦτο	1	“Because the people do not love the truth”
2:11	en8e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	πέμπει αὐτοῖς ὁ Θεὸς ἐνέργειαν πλάνης, εἰς τὸ πιστεῦσαι αὐτοὺς τῷ ψεύδει	1	Paul is speaking of God allowing something to happen to people as if he is sending them something. Alternate translation: “God is allowing the man of lawlessness to deceive them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2:12	d63e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	κριθῶσιν πάντες	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will judge all of them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2:12	pkw8			οἱ μὴ πιστεύσαντες τῇ ἀληθείᾳ, ἀλλὰ εὐδοκήσαντες τῇ ἀδικίᾳ	1	“those who took pleasure in unrighteousness because they did not believe the truth”
2:13	w83a				0	Paul gives thanks to God for the believers and encourages them.
2:13	bcd5				0	Paul now changes topics.
2:13	b3hh			δὲ	1	Paul uses this word here to mark a change in topic.
2:13	dze5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	ἡμεῖς & ὀφείλομεν εὐχαριστεῖν & πάντοτε	1	The word “always” is a generalization. Alternate translation: “we should continually give thanks” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2:13	m418			ἡμεῖς & ὀφείλομεν	1	Here “we” refers to Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy.
2:13	ia4x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	ἀδελφοὶ ἠγαπημένοι ὑπὸ Κυρίου	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for the Lord loves you, brothers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2:13	v15j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations	ἀδελφοὶ	1	Here “brothers” means fellow Christians, including both men and women. Alternate translation: “brothers and sisters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
2:13	l7a8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ἀπαρχὴν εἰς σωτηρίαν ἐν ἁγιασμῷ Πνεύματος καὶ πίστει ἀληθείας	1	Being among the first people to be saved is spoken of as if the Thessalonian believers are “firstfruits.” This can also be stated to remove the abstract nouns “salvation,” “sanctification,” “belief,” and “truth.” Alternate translation: “to be among the first people who believe what is true, and whom God has saved and set apart for himself by his Spirit” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2:15	u9ss			ἄρα οὖν, ἀδελφοί, στήκετε	1	Paul exhorts the believers to hold fast to their faith in Jesus.
2:15	l4vr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	κρατεῖτε τὰς παραδόσεις	1	Here “traditions” refers to the truths of Christ that Paul and the other apostles taught. Paul speaks of them as if his readers could hold on to them with their hands. Alternate translation: “remember the traditions” or “believe the truths” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2:15	whp8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	ἐδιδάχθητε	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we have taught you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2:15	z2vs		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	εἴτε διὰ λόγου, εἴτε δι’ ἐπιστολῆς ἡμῶν	1	“By word” here is a synecdoche for “by instructions” or “by teachings.” You can make clear the implicit information. Alternate translation: “whether by what we taught you in person or by what we wrote to you in a letter” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2:16	njk1				0	Paul ends with a blessing from God.
2:16	g8m1			δὲ	1	Paul uses this word here to mark a change in topic.
2:16	yge9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive	δὲ ὁ Κύριος ἡμῶν & ὁ ἀγαπήσας ἡμᾶς καὶ δοὺς	1	The words “our” and “us” refer to all believers. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
2:16	cm54		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns	αὐτὸς & ὁ Κύριος & Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς	1	Here “himself” gives additional emphasis to the phrase “Lord Jesus Christ.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
2:17	x3rr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	παρακαλέσαι ὑμῶν τὰς καρδίας, καὶ στηρίξαι ἐν	1	Here “hearts” represents the seat of emotions. Alternate translation: “comfort you and strengthen you for” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2:17	yw5f			παντὶ ἔργῳ καὶ λόγῳ ἀγαθῷ	1	“every good thing you do and say”
3:intro	b8hk				0	# 2 Thessalonians 03 General Notes\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Idle and lazy persons\nIn Thessalonica, there apparently was a problem with people in the church who were able to work but refused to do so. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])\n\n### What should you do if your brother sins?\n\nIn this chapter, Paul teaches that Christians need to live in a way that honors God. Christians should also encourage one another and hold each other accountable for what they do. The church is also responsible for encouraging believers to repent if they sin. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
3:1	k33i				0	Paul asks the believers to pray for him and his companions.
3:1	jy75			τὸ λοιπὸν	1	Paul uses the word “now” to mark a change in topic.
3:1	m1s5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations	ἀδελφοί	1	Here “brothers” means fellow Christians, including both men and women. Alternate translation: “brothers and sisters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
3:1	r54v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ἵνα ὁ λόγος τοῦ Κυρίου τρέχῃ καὶ δοξάζηται, καθὼς καὶ πρὸς ὑμᾶς	1	Paul speaks of God’s word spreading as if it were running from place to place. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that more and more people will soon hear our message about our Lord Jesus and honor it, as happened with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
3:2	xg2h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	ῥυσθῶμεν	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that God may save us” or “that God may rescue us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
3:2	p1ct			οὐ γὰρ πάντων ἡ πίστις	1	“for many people do not believe in Jesus”
3:3	yx9g			ὃς στηρίξει ὑμᾶς	1	“who will strengthen you”
3:3	p91k			τοῦ πονηροῦ	1	“Satan”
3:4	xk85			πεποίθαμεν	1	“We have faith” or “We trust”
3:5	giz4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	κατευθύναι ὑμῶν τὰς καρδίας	1	Here “heart” is a metonym for a person’s thoughts or mind. Alternate translation: “cause you to understand” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3:5	wre3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	εἰς τὴν ἀγάπην τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ εἰς τὴν ὑπομονὴν τοῦ Χριστοῦ	1	Paul speaks of God’s love and Christ’s endurance as if they were destinations on a path. Alternate translation: “how much God loves you and how much Christ has endured for you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3:6	mst3				0	Paul gives the believers some final instructions about working and not being idle.
3:6	v33v			δὲ	1	Paul uses this word to mark a change in topic.
3:6	x9l8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations	ἀδελφοί	1	Here “brothers” means fellow Christians, including both men and women. Alternate translation: “brothers and sisters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
3:6	y4a9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	ἐν ὀνόματι τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ	1	“Name” here is a metonym for the person of Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: “as if our Lord Jesus Christ himself were speaking” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3:6	jvw1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive	τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν	1	Here “our” refers to all believers. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
3:7	h222			μιμεῖσθαι ἡμᾶς	1	“to act the way that my fellow workers and I act”
3:7	b1i1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives	οὐκ ἠτακτήσαμεν ἐν ὑμῖν	1	Paul uses a double negative to emphasize the positive. This can be stated as a positive. Alternate translation: “We lived among you as those who had much discipline” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
3:8	d9h1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism	νυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας ἐργαζόμενοι	1	“we worked during the night and during the day.” Here “night” and “day” are a merism and they mean “all the time.” Alternate translation: “we worked all the time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
3:8	w8fq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	ἐν κόπῳ καὶ μόχθῳ	1	Paul emphasizes how hard his circumstances were. Difficult labor implies work that requires great effort. Hardship implies they endured pain and suffering. Alternate translation: “in very difficult circumstances” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
3:9	sn3k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives	οὐχ ὅτι οὐκ ἔχομεν ἐξουσίαν, ἀλλ’	1	Paul uses a double negative to emphasize the positive. This can be stated as a positive. Alternate translation: “We certainly have the right to receive food from you, but instead we worked for our food” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
3:10	c652		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives	τις οὐ θέλει ἐργάζεσθαι, μηδὲ ἐσθιέτω	1	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “If a person wants to eat, he must work” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
3:11	ey6c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	τινας περιπατοῦντας & ἀτάκτως	1	Here “walk” stands for behavior in life. Alternate translation: “some live idle lives” or “some are lazy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3:11	iv1z			ἀλλὰ περιεργαζομένους	1	Meddlers are people who interfere in the affairs of others without being asked to help.
3:12	bm6z			μετὰ ἡσυχίας	1	“in a quiet, peaceful, and mild manner.” Paul exhorts the meddlers to stop getting involved in other people’s affairs.
3:13	jx8t			δέ	1	Paul uses this word to contrast the lazy believers with the hardworking believers.
3:13	e59v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	ὑμεῖς & ἀδελφοί	1	The word “you” refers to all the Thessalonian believers. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
3:13	usu9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations	ἀδελφοί	1	Here “brothers” means fellow Christians, including both men and women. Alternate translation: “brothers and sisters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
3:14	mzs4			εἰ & τις οὐχ ὑπακούει τῷ λόγῳ ἡμῶν	1	“if anyone does not obey our instructions”
3:14	nv3v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	τοῦτον σημειοῦσθε	1	Notice who he is. Alternate translation: “publicly identify that person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
3:14	y552			ἵνα ἐντραπῇ	1	Paul instructs believers to shun lazy believers as a disciplinary action.
3:16	nef4				0	Paul makes closing remarks to the believers at Thessalonica.
3:16	whb9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	αὐτὸς & ὁ Κύριος τῆς εἰρήνης, δῴη ὑμῖν	1	You can make explicit that this is Paul’s prayer for the Thessalonians. Alternate translation: “I pray that the Lord of peace himself gives you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3:16	zl1s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns	αὐτὸς & ὁ Κύριος τῆς εἰρήνης	1	Here “himself” emphasizes that the Lord will personally give peace to believers. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
3:17	c2cb			ὁ ἀσπασμὸς τῇ ἐμῇ χειρὶ, Παύλου, ὅ ἐστιν σημεῖον ἐν πάσῃ ἐπιστολῇ, οὕτως γράφω	1	“I, Paul, write this greeting with my own hand, which I do in every letter, as a sign that this letter is truly from me”
3:17	wg3f			οὕτως γράφω	1	Paul makes it clear that this letter is from him and is not a forgery.