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Introduction to 1 Kings

Part 1: General Introduction

Outline of 1 Kings

  1. David dies and Solomon begins to reign (1:1-2:46)
  2. Solomon reigns (3:111:43)
  • Solomon becomes wise and wealthy (3:14:43)
  • Solomons temple (5:18:66)
  • Rise and fall of Solomon (9:111:43)
  1. The kingdom divides (12:1-14:31)
  • Rehoboam succeeds Solomon (12:124)
  • Jeroboam rules the northern kingdom of Israel (12:2533)
  • Ahijah prophesies against Jeroboam (13:114:20)
  • Rehoboams end (14:2131)
  1. Kings and events in Israel and Judah (15:1-22:53)
  • Abijah and Asa in Judah (15:124)
  • Nadab in Israel (15:2532)
  • Baasha in Israel (15:3316:7)
  • Elah in Israel (16:814)
  • Zimri in Israel (16:1522)
  • Omri in Israel (16:2328)
  • Ahab in Israel (16:2922:40)
  • Jehoshaphat in Judah (22:4150)
  • Ahaziah in Israel (22:5153)

What are the Books of 1 and 2 Kings about?

These books are about what happened to the people of Israel, from the time of King Solomon to the time both the northern and southern kingdoms were destroyed. These books describe how Israel split into two kingdoms after Solomon died. It also tells about all the kings that ruled over each kingdom after Solomon died.

In the southern kingdom, some kings did what Yahweh judged to be right. For example, King Josiah repaired the temple and reformed the worship of Yahweh. He responded to the high priest finding a copy of the Law of Yahweh in Jerusalem (2 Kings 2223). However, all of the kings of the northern kingdom were wicked.

The Assyrians destroyed the northern kingdom in 722 B.C. The Babylonians destroyed the southern kingdom in 586 B.C.

How should the title of this book be translated?

The Books of 1 and 2 Kings were originally one book in Hebrew. They were separated into two books when translated into Greek. Translators might choose more meaningful titles such as “The First Book about the Kings” and “The Second Book about the Kings.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts

What was the purpose of 1 and 2 Kings?

These books were probably finished during the exile, after the Babylonians had destroyed the temple. They show how being faithful to Yahweh results in his blessing and prospering his people. Worshipping idols and not being faithful result in their being punished and destroyed.

Part 3: Important Translation Issues

Why do the Books of 1 and 2 Kings refer to someone being addressed indirectly?

In the Bible, people often referred to themselves as “your servant” when speaking to anyone in a superior position to themselves. Indirectly addressing people in this way was intended to honor the one addressed. English sometimes uses the address “sir” in this way. But a translator should use whatever expressions that are natural in the project language in order to honor someone in a superior position.

What does the king “did what was right (or evil) in the eyes of Yahweh” mean?

The writer repeats this kind of expression throughout the Books of 1 and 2 Kings. Here “in the eyes of Yahweh” represents what Yahweh thinks about someone. If a king was faithful and obeyed the covenant, he did what was right according to Yahweh. If he was not faithful and disobeyed the covenant, he did what was evil according to Yahweh.

What is the meaning of the term “Israel”?

The name “Israel” is used in many different ways in the Bible. Jacob was the son of Isaac. God changed his name to Israel. The descendants of Jacob became a nation also called Israel. Eventually, the nation of Israel split into two kingdoms. The northern kingdom was named Israel. The southern kingdom was named Judah. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/israel]])

Can I translate the Book of 1 Kings before I translate the Books of 1 and 2 Samuel?

The Books of 1 and 2 Samuel should be translated before 1 Kings, since 1 Kings continues from where 2 Samuel ends.

31:introv4960

1 Kings 01 General Notes

Structure and formatting

1 Kings is a continuation of 2 Samuel.

This chapter records the beginning of the reign of Solomon (chapters 1-11) after the death of David.

Special concepts in this chapter

==The next king== David did not announce who was to succeed him. Because of this, there was fighting between Davids sons over who should be king. Adonijah invited guests to a banquet and declared himself king. Then those favoring Solomon told David and he declared Solomon the new king.

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Idiom

Several times in this chapter, the people use the idiom “sit on the throne” to mean “be king.” Solomon assures Adonijah that if he behaves himself “not a hair of his will fall to the earth,” meaning “he will not be harmed.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

41:1pwg10

They put many blankets on King David to try to keep him warm.

51:1b43prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

“very old.” The two phrases are similar in meaning and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]].)

61:3f51x0

“So the kings servants searched”

71:3jj8hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

This is a generalization. Alternate translation: “all over the land of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

81:3pts5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is a womans name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

91:3lg2hrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

a person from the city of Shunem (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

101:3e9hz0

“King David”

111:5j538rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

Haggith was a wife of David. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

121:5uqt70

“began to boast”

131:5gxh90

These are men who drive chariots pulled by horses.

141:5u44y0

These men would go ahead of the chariots to clear the way for them and protect them.

151:6wpj50

“had never troubled him. He had never even asked him” or “had never wanted to make him angry, so he never even asked him”

161:6eh22rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

This is a rhetorical question that a father would ask to discipline his son. Alternate translation: “You should know that what you have done is wrong.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

171:6g8110

David was the father or both Absalom and Adonijah, but they had different mothers. Absalom was born, then Adonijah.

181:7yk920

“Adonijah discussed his plans with Joab”

191:7lla5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

201:7a99r0

“supported and helped Adonijah” or “promised to support and help Adonijah”

211:8sj3wrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

221:9k2ub0

“calves that were given plenty of food so that they would be fat” or “young cows that were specially prepared for sacrifice”

231:9lp17rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is a rocky area near Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

241:9xh7grc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This was the name of a spring where people got water. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

251:9q3zvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

This is a generalization. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

261:9cex20

These two phrases refer to the same people.

271:9g2tn0

These two phrases refer to the same people.

281:11l2v9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

The purpose of this question is to introduce the information that Nathan wants to tell Bathsheba. Alternate translation: “You do not seem to have heard … it.” or “Have you heard … it?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

291:11pb3p0

“that Haggiths son Adonijah is trying to become king”

301:11ae8urc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

Adonijahs mother and a wife of David. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

311:13eri40

The prophet Nathan continues to speak to Bathsheba.

321:13v5dqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

The purpose of this question was to remind David of what he had promised Bathsheba. Alternate translation: “you swore to your servant … throne.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

331:13pg8nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns0

Bathsheba speaks to David as if she were someone else to show that she respects David. Alternate translation: “to me, your servant” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])

341:13rwb6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. Alternate translation: “he will be king just as I was” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

351:13k3xwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Bathsheba was to use a question so David would pay attention. Alternate translation: “So then, Adonijah should not be reigning.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

361:14c78s0

“tell him that what you have said is true”

371:15r8hv0

“the room in which the king slept”

381:15b4tq0

This is the young virgin that King Davids servants had brought to care for him. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 1:3.

391:16i62h0

“bowed close to the ground in front of the king”

401:16q1mt0

“What can I do for you?”

411:17f3nw0

The form of “you” here is emphatic. Alternate translation: “you yourself swore to”

421:17n2c30

Bathsheba speaks as if she were another person to show David that she respects him. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 1:13. Alternate translation: “me, your servant”

431:17ywl10

This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.

441:17bt9trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 1:13. Alternate translation: “he will be king just as I was” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

451:18d9s20

Bathsheba continues speaking to King David.

461:18c6z70

“look” or “listen” or “pay attention to what I am about to tell you”

471:19hk1d0

“many oxen, fatted calves, and sheep”

481:20f7mp0

Bathsheba continues to speak to King David.

491:20zlc4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

Here “eyes” refers to the people. Here “the eyes … are on you” is an idiom that means the people are waiting expectantly. Alternate translation: “all the people of Israel are waiting expectantly” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

501:20ux2p0

Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 1:13. Alternate translation: “will be king”

511:21pu6xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns0

Bathsheba speaks to King David as if she were speaking about him to show that she respects him. Alternate translation: “when you sleep with your fathers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])

521:21jz9erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism0

This is a polite way of saying “dies.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

531:21z8surc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the new king will regard my son Solomon and me as criminals” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

541:22b6a80

Nathan the prophet speaks to King David.

551:23tsg50

“bowed very low”

561:24i3sp0

Nathan the prophet continues to speak to King David.

571:24mhc4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations0

This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “have you said that Adonijah will reign after you, and he will sit on your throne?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])

581:24vmf50

Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 1:13. Alternate translation: “he will be king just as I was”

591:25xm46rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

Adonijah probably sat at a table where he could watch all those he had invited as they ate and drank. The main idea is that the people Nathan named were with Adonijah and they were celebrating together. Alternate translation: “eating and drinking with him” or “eating and drinking where he can see them” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

601:26wv4h0

Nathan the prophet continues to speak to King David.

611:27b3wqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person0

Nathan refers to David in the third person. This is a way of showing respect to the king. It can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “Have you, my master the king, done this without telling us, your servants, who should sit on the throne after you?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

621:27s1tlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 1:13. Alternate translation: “who would be king after him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

631:28f7fz0

King David makes a promise to Bathsheba.

641:28vs190

“came before the king” or “came back to the king”

651:29i97z0

“made a solemn promise”

661:30xg17rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 1:13. Alternate translation: “he will take my place and be king just as I was” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

671:31rdz6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

Bathsheba knew David would not live forever; this is a way of saying that he is a good king. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

681:32y9bc0

King David anoints Solomon king.

691:33e68vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns0

David speaks of himself as if he were speaking of someone else so Zadok, Nathan, and Benaiah would remember that David is still king. Alternate translation: “my servants” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])

701:33de2vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a water spring. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

711:35iiu60

King David continues to speak on behalf of Solomon as the one who will become king.

721:35qn6j0

The words “sit on the throne” are used as a metonym for being king in 1 Kings 1:13, 1 Kings 1:17, and 1 Kings 1:30. Here David speaks of Solomon literally sitting on a physical throne.

731:36q1hs0

They agree and will do what King David said.

741:36u4b9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns0

Benaiah speaks to King David as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he respects King David. Alternate translation: “My master and king, may Yahweh your God confirm” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])

751:37v83urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns0

Benaiah speaks to King David as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he respects King David. Alternate translation: “has been with you, my master the king, so” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])

761:37l4ndrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “throne” is a metonym for either (1) the person who sits on the throne. Alternate translation: “make the one who sits on the throne greater than my master King David” or (2) the kingdom over which the one who sits on the throne rules. Alternate translation: “make his kingdom greater than the kingdom of my master King David” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

771:37fzr9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns0

Benaiah speaks to King David as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he respects King David. Alternate translation: “your throne, my master King David” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])

781:38ec4p0

The people of Israel anoint Solomon as king over Israel.

791:38nk4trc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

801:38t1rdrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a spring, where fresh water comes out of the ground. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

811:39l3240

This means the priest took the special animal horn filled with olive oil that was kept in Yahwehs special tent.

821:39v5930

Possible meanings are (1) the horn of an animal filled with olive oil or (2) a container that had replaced the original horn, but the people still called it a horn. Alternate translation: “took a container of oil”

831:39uf1xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

This is a generalization. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

841:41qc570

Adonijah hears the loud noise and waits for the news.

851:43m3860

Adonijah learns that Solomon is the new king.

861:44bah7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

871:46lbn60

Jonathan continues to speak to Adonijah about Solomon.

881:46nz69rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Possible meanings are (1) that these words are a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 1:35. Alternate translation: “is now king” or (2) that Solomon was physically sitting on the physical throne. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

891:48v2c2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Possible meanings are (1) that these words are a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 1:35. Alternate translation: “a person to be king today as I was” or (2) that Solomon was physically sitting on the physical throne. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

901:49k3ln0

Adonijah becomes terrified of King Solomon.

911:49iqg3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

Another possible meaning is “They began to act quickly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

921:50lg7j0

The “horns of the altar” symbolized the strength and protection of Yahweh, but because Adonijah literally went into the area of the physical tent to take literal hold of the physical horns, you should translate this literally.

931:50ls5irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

Another possible meaning is “Adonijah … quickly went” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

941:51i1kurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns0

The servants speak to King Solomon as if they were speaking of someone else to show that they respected King Solomon. Alternate translation: “is afraid of you, King Solomon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])

951:51g2eirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns0

Adonijah speaks of himself as if he were speaking of another person so people will think that he respects King Solomon. Alternate translation: “he will not kill me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])

961:52jr660

Solomon spares the life of Adonijah.

971:52t3drrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

This is an exaggeration to say that Solomon will keep Adonijah safe. Alternate translation: “not a hair of his head will fall” or “I will keep him safe” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

981:52d933rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns0

The abstract noun “wickedness” can be translated as a verb. It is spoken of as if it were an object that could be found in a container. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “he does what is evil” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

992:intronsa10

1 Kings 02 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter has two stories: Davids last advice to Solomon and Solomons punishment of those who supported Adonijah and also Shimei, who had cursed David when David was fleeing from Absalom. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])

Special concepts in this chapter

Exalting oneself

Exalting oneself can lead to disaster as when Adonijah made himself king. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/exalt]])

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Euphemism

David spoke of his impending death using a euphemism: “I am going the way of all the earth.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

Parallelism

David wanted to emphasize the importance of obeying God to his son Solomon. He used parallelism, saying the same thing seven times using different words: “Keep the commands of Yahweh your God to walk in his ways, to obey his statutes, his commandments, his decisions, and his covenant decrees, being careful to do what is written in the law of Moses.” Some languages have other ways of emphasizing an idea. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

1002:2v679rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism0

This is a polite way of saying “I am going to die.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

1012:2n19lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis0

The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: “show everyone that you are a man” or “live so that everyone can see you are a good man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])

1022:3z9rtrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

Walking on a path is a metonym for the way a person lives. Alternate translation: “live the way he commands” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

1032:3dd230

“so you may succeed” or “so you may do well”

1042:4rt480

“do everything he promised he would do”

1052:4dul90

Yahweh is talking to David, so the words “you” and “your” refer to David.

1062:4zt1t0

Yahweh is talking to David, so the word “me” refers to Yahweh.

1072:4m9j1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

The idiom “with all … heart” means “completely” and “with all … soul” means “with all … being.” These two phrases have similar meanings. Alternate translation: “with all their being” or “with all their energy” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

1082:4j114rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “throne” is a metonym for the king who sits on the throne. The litotes “will never cease to have” can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “your descendants will never cease to be kings of Israel” or “one of your descendants will always be the king of Israel” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])

1092:5ypg20

King David continues to tell Solomon how to lead Israel.

1102:5vc4k0

David is referring to the same thing twice. Alternate translation: “what Joab … did to me—that is, what he did”

1112:5dfd6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Possible meanings are (1) “killed those men during a time of peace as if he were killing them in war” or (2) “took revenge on those men during a time of peace because they had killed people in war” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1122:5x43irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Possible meanings are (1) Joab was close enough to these men when he killed them that their blood spattered on his belt and on his sandals or (2) the word “blood” is a metonym for guilt of murder, and the belt and the shoes are metonyms for Joabs authority as commander, so David is saying that because Joab is guilty of murder, he should not be commander of the army. Either way, it is best to translate this literally. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1132:6hm11rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here being old is represented by having gray hair, that is, a “gray head.” Alternate translation: “make sure Joab dies a violent death before he grows old” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1142:7d2gq0

King David continues to tell Solomon how to lead Israel.

1152:7p85crc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

a mans name (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1162:7tcu5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The table is a metonym for the home where the table is. Alternate translation: “welcome them to eat at your home” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1172:8xba30

King David continues to tell Solomon how to lead Israel.

1182:8l8ysrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

mens names (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1192:8ec5k0

descendant of Benjamin

1202:8r5e7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

place names (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1212:9tvd1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives0

This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “be sure to punish him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])

1222:9wrv9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Blood is a metonym for violent death, and the head is synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “make sure he dies a violent death” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

1232:10uiy40

David dies and Solomon takes his place as the new king of Israel.

1242:10rlu4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism0

David dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. Alternate translation: “died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

1252:10h7jtrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “David … and they buried him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

1262:11f3w50

“The time that David reigned over Israel was” or “David reigned over Israel for”

1272:12nhg1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The throne represents the authority of the king. Alternate translation: “became king, as his father David had been” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1282:12p55brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh firmly established Solomons rule” or “Yahweh caused Solomon to take complete control of the kingdom” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

1292:13tqp20

Adonijah comes to speak to Bathsheba.

1302:13edr50

with no desire to cause harm

1312:15c7exrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

This is a generalization. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

1322:15zv370

“what we expected to happen did not happen”

1332:15j26brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave the kingdom to my brother” or “my brother became king” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

1342:16de480

Adonijah shares his request with Bathsheba.

1352:16ceu4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. Alternate translation: “do not refuse to do what I request” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1362:17yj4wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. Alternate translation: “he will not refuse to do what you request” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1372:17k5fq0

See 1 Kings 1:3.

1382:19c3gr0

Bathsheba goes to King Solomon with Adonijahs request.

1392:19taa60

“The king stood up” from where he was sitting on his throne.

1402:19hdv2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “told someone to bring a throne” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

1412:19xwh60

Bathsheba

1422:20z967rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 2:16 and 1 Kings 2:17. Alternate translation: “you will not refuse to do what I request … I will not refuse to do what you request” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1432:21hu72rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Allow Adonijah … to marry Abishag the Shunammite” or “Give Abishag the Shunammite to Adonijah … as his wife” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

1442:22mq4g0

King Solomon gives an answer to Adonijahs request.

1452:22d8bhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

King Solomon was angered by his mothers request. Alternate translation: “You are wrong to ask … Adonijah! This is the same as asking the kingdom for him also … Zeruiah!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

1462:23zem8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “God will have every right to execute me—and to do even worse things to me—if I do not execute Adonijah because he has made this request” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

1472:24gp3x0

King Solomon executes Adonijah.

1482:24ac1qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “throne” refers to Solomons authority to rule that was given by Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1492:24k151rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “house” refers to descendants that Yahweh gave to King Solomon, who would continue to reign after him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1502:26wfx40

Solomon dismisses Abiathar from being priest.

1512:26w4ap0

Abiathar had suffered alongside King David before David became king.

1522:27q79l0

The word “he” refers to King Solomon.

1532:27pkk60

“the things that Yahweh had said”

1542:27hzt80

The word “he” refers to Yahweh.

1552:28x3jq0

King Solomon orders Benaiah to execute Joab.

1562:28bnc90

“Joab heard what Solomon did after he had become king”

1572:28zpq5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The horns of the altar symbolized Yahwehs power and protection. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1582:29t39erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone told King Solomon that Joab had fled” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

1592:30za710

Benaiah goes to execute Joab.

1602:31sj9urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “house” stands for the descendants of David while “blood” represents guilt. Alternate translation: “bury him and so remove from me and my family the guilt for the murders Joab committed without cause” or “bury him. Do that so Yahweh will not hold me and my fathers house guilty because Joab murdered people for no reason” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1612:32bm3y0

King Solomon explains why Joab should die.

1622:32uk13rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “his” refers to Joab. “Blood” is a metonym for murder. And, the idiom “his blood on his own head” means the person should be considered guilty for murder. Alternate translation: “Joab has murdered people, and I want Yahweh to hold him guilty for what he has done” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

1632:32n2ghrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

These words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Abner and Amasa were much better men than Joab. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

1642:33qiy8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “blood” is a metonym for murder. And, the idiom “blood return on the head of” means the person should be considered guilty for murder. Alternate translation: “I want Yahweh to hold Joab and his descendants guilty” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

1652:33x8x7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The words “house” and “throne” are metonyms for the family and the kingdom. Alternate translation: “to Davids descendants and to Davids kingdom” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1662:34yc4r0

Benaiah kills Joab and becomes the commander of King Solomons army.

1672:34eqv20

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “They buried Joab in his own house”

1682:34br9drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The house is a metonym for the land on which the house stood. The Israelites buried people out of doors in graves or tombs. Alternate translation: “where his family lived” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1692:36dwu70

King Solomon tells Shimei to stay in Jerusalem or Shimei will die.

1702:37d6zbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “blood” is a metonym for guilt and the head is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “You will be responsible for your own death” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1712:39c8cs0

Shimei leaves Jerusalem.

1722:39m2lkrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

mens names (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1732:39mgg2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

a Philistine city (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1742:40v645rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom. “Shimei quickly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

1752:41deq50

King Solomon judges Shimei for leaving Jerusalem.

1762:41mvk6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone told Solomon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

1772:42c16yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Solomon is reminding Shimei of what Shimei had promised. Alternate translation: “You know very well that I made you swear … saying, Know … die!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

1782:43bt3j0

King Solomon pronounces judgment upon Shimei for leaving Jerusalem.

1792:43pue7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Possible meanings are (1) Solomon is asking for an answer or (2) Alternate translation: “You have done wrong by breaking your oath … you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

1802:44f7q3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

Here the head represents the person, and wickedness is spoken of as if it were a solid or liquid that could be put on a persons head. Alternate translation: “will hold you responsible for all your wickedness” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

1812:45r8430

King Solomon orders Shimei to be put to death.

1822:45fx8trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “throne of David” represents the authority and rule of David and all his descendants forever. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1832:46q4c8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

This use of “hand” represents Solomons power and authority. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1843:intror15u0

1 Kings 03 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter has two stories. Verses 1-15 is the story of Solomons dream when God asked him what he wanted and he said he needed wisdom to be a good and fair ruler. Verses 16-28 is the story of a court case showing Solomons wisdom. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]])

Special concepts in this chapter

Wisdom

God was very pleased with Solomons request for wisdom. This is because wisdom was something that he could use to serve other people instead of himself. Because this was a noble request, God promised Solomon wisdom, wealth, and fame. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

Putting the needs of others first

There are two additional examples of people putting the needs of others in front of their own needs. God is pleased with people wanting to do their job well more than wanting to be blessed. A mother will put the life of her child above every other concern. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])

1853:1h2l60

Solomon marries an Egyptian.

1863:1q5yv0

Solomon became the son-in-law of Pharaoh king of Egypt so the two kings would work together and fight together against their enemies.

1873:1s4dd0

She was still in the city of David after he had finished building.

1883:1l66h0

“the temple”

1893:2vv3wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one had yet built a house” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

1903:2x9tfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for the name” refers to worshiping the person. Alternate translation: “in which people would worship Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1913:3tr54rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

How one lives ones life is spoken of as walking on a path. Alternate translation: “obeying the laws that David his father had made” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1923:4sr280

God asks Solomon what he can do for Solomon.

1933:4hhq10

“the most famous place for makings sacrifices” or “the most important altar”

1943:5f1km0

“Ask me for whatever you want and I will give it to you.” or “What do you want? Ask and I will give it to you.”

1953:6e1uh0

Solomon responds to Gods question.

1963:6ii4src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns0

The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “You have been very faithful to your covenant with your servant” or “You have greatly and faithfully loved your servant” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])

1973:6kyk6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Walking is a metaphor for the way one lives. The abstract nouns “trustworthiness,” “righteousness,” and “uprightness” can be translated as adjectives. Alternate translation: “because he was trustworthy and righteous, and his heart was upright” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])

1983:6c77hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

A sincere person is spoken of as one whose heart is upright. Alternate translation: “he was sincere” or “he spoke the truth and did what was good” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1993:6tyy2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns0

The “son” is Solomon. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])

2003:6fji4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Sitting on the throne represents ruling as king. Alternate translation: “to rule in his place” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

2013:6a4q10

Solomon is speaking of the years he had already been ruling, not of the time since the sun had last set.

2023:7ep150

Solomon asks for wisdom.

2033:7cj3jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns0

Solomon speaks as if he is another person to show respect to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])

2043:7fc3grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Solomon is saying that he is like a child who does not know as much as a father. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2053:7u3y9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom that means Solomon does not know how to govern as king. Alternate translation: “I do not know how to be the king” or “I do not know the right way to do things as king” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

2063:9ri57rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Solomon asks a question to emphasize that he knows that no one can judge. Alternate translation: “No one is able to judge this great people of yours.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

2073:10brv30

God gives Solomon wisdom and more.

2083:11dqu3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The “life” is a metonym for the power to kill. Alternate translation: “the power to kill your enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

2093:12dyj40

“I will do what you asked me to do when you spoke with me”

2103:12cik7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The heart is a metonym for what a person thinks and desires. Alternate translation: “I make you able to be wise and to understand many things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

2113:14yg1mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Living ones life is spoken of as walking on a path. Alternate translation: “live as I want you to live and obey” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2123:14akr80

“make you live a long time”

2133:15te1p0

The word “behold” here shows that Solomon saw something interesting.

2143:16jd5y0

Two prostitutes ask Solomon to make a decision.

2153:18k6jw0

The two prostitutes tell Solomon their story.

2163:19qy9vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

It may be helpful to state that this caused the baby to die. Alternate translation: “accidentally rolled on top of her baby and smothered him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2173:20tc1src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns0

The woman speaks as if she were speaking of someone else to show that she respects Solomon. Alternate translation: “I” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])

2183:21v7s80

Two prostitutes continue to share their story with Solomon.

2193:21qnj70

This means to feed her baby milk from her breast.

2203:22vti70

“before Solomon” or “while Solomon could see and hear them”

2213:23rp780

Solomon makes a decision for the two women.

2223:26uue90

The real mother asks the king to spare the childs life.

2233:26ix5rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

This speaks of the woman having a lot of compassion as if her heart were a container and compassion were a solid object. Alternate translation: “she greatly loved her baby” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2243:28caa5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

This is a generalization. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

2254:introq6h70

1 Kings 04 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter names the important people in Solomons government and shows the extent of his kingdom.

2264:1lyk20

This is the beginning of a list of Solomons officials. The list ends in 1 Kings 4:6.

2274:2e1lirc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2284:3hc810

This continues the list of Solomons officials.

2294:3l925rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2304:4m64n0

This continues the list of Solomons officials.

2314:4zx7vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2324:5zv8j0

This continues the list of Solomons officials.

2334:5rn96rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2344:6kk390

This ends the list of Solomons officials.

2354:6tbu8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2364:6uj2qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the men whom Solomon forced to work for him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

2374:7er5n0

This begins a list of Solomons 12 officers. The list ends in 1 Kings 4:19.

2384:8ea4hrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a man. Note that “Ben” before a name means “son of” so “Ben-Hur” means “the son of Hur.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2394:8l9l50

“who was the officer in charge of the hill country

2404:8qs19rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2414:9s99n0

The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.

2424:9z8g9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a man. Note that “Ben” before a name means “son of” so “Ben-Deker” means “the son of Deker.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2434:9apu30

“who was the officer in charge of Makaz”

2444:9em9krc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2454:10i7pe0

The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.

2464:10e1f9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a man. Note that “Ben” before a name means “son of” so “Ben-Hesed” means “the son of Hesed.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2474:10s82y0

“who was the officer in charge of Arubboth”

2484:10cjq8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2494:11tw3i0

The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.

2504:11jei3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a man. Note that “Ben” before a name means “son of” so “Ben-Abinadab” means “the son of Abinadab.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2514:11vlp10

“who was the officer in charge of all Naphoth Dor”

2524:11km7trc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2534:11u2i9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2544:12p1ew0

The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.

2554:12jr42rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2564:12z8m80

“who was the officer in charge of Taanach”

2574:12prm3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2584:13q3n40

The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.

2594:13vg5arc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2604:13utw10

“who was the officer in charge of Ramoth Gilead”

2614:13y18hrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2624:14z6hz0

The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.

2634:14f2ylrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are mens names. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2644:14ayp90

“who was the officer in charge of Mahanaim”

2654:14yh57rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2664:15j3i60

The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.

2674:15v4mgrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2684:15q5av0

“who was the officer in charge of Naphtali”

2694:15f4p2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is a tribal land named after a son of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2704:15db86rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2714:16x9e10

The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.

2724:16m1i4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2734:16w3gc0

“who was the officer in charge of Asher”

2744:16w47zrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is a tribal land named after a son of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2754:16r3kqrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a piece of land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2764:17xrq50

The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.

2774:17nlz7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2784:17nn2w0

“who was the officer in charge of Issachar”

2794:17uyi4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is a tribal land named after a son of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2804:18v4hq0

The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.

2814:18v9eurc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2824:18d1rc0

“who was the officer in charge of Benjamin”

2834:18k3r6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is a tribal land named for a son of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2844:19ydm50

The list of Solomons 12 officers ends.

2854:19pty3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are mens names (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2864:19q97y0

“who was the officer in charge of the land of Gilead”

2874:19fq9lrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2884:19t2kh0

“the land that in earlier years belonged to Sihon”

2894:19hgw5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2904:19uy6j0

Here “the land” refers to the land of Judah; the previous officials presided over different parts of Israel.

2914:20fgc8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

The speaker uses exaggeration to say that there were so many people that it would be impossible to count them all. The words “Judah” and “Israel” are metonyms for the people who lived in Judah and Israel. Alternate translation: “There were as many people in Judah and Israel as there are grains of sand by the sea” or “there were more people in Judah and Israel than a person could count” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

2924:21g3440

“the Euphrates River”

2934:22z3rvrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume0

A cor is a unit of dry measure. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])

2944:23wn38rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown0

four-legged animals that run fast (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

2954:23kug70

more than one of these animals

2964:23bnu30

“birds that people fed so they would become fat”

2974:24af2d0

name of a piece of land

2984:25q85drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The words “Judah” and “Israel” are metonyms for the people of Judah and Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

2994:25h54f0

“each family had their own garden with grapevines and fig trees,” This showed that the people lived in safety and peace, since they were not at war and had time to grow their gardens.

3004:25f65grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism0

This represents the whole land of Israel from Dan in the north to Beersheba in the south. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

3014:26el930

A stall is a place where an animal such as a horse is kept and cared for.

3024:27yw930

“who ate with King Solomon” or “whom King Solomon invited to eat with him”

3034:27gs980

Solomon had assigned 12 officers in 1 Kings 4:7 to bring him food in different months.

3044:27v6ucrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes0

This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “They provided everything that Solomon needed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])

3054:29ej9qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns0

The abstract nouns “wisdom” and “understanding” can be translated as verbs. God giving him these things means that God enabled him to have these qualities. Alternate translation: “God enabled Solomon to be wise and to understand many things” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

3064:29h9j6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile0

Solomon was able to understand many things about many different subjects. The abstract noun “wideness” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “Solomon was able to understand many things about a wide range of subjects” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

3074:30w9j40

“Solomon was wiser than all the wise people”

3084:30g12d0

This refers to people from countries east of Israel such as Arabia and Mesopotamia.

3094:31cu1zrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

mens names (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

3104:33r1r3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown0

These words form a merism that includes all plants. Alternate translation: “cedar tree … hyssop bush” or “the greatest of trees … least important of bushes” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

3115:introc6a50

1 Kings 05 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This is the beginning of the description of the building of the temple. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])

Special concepts in this chapter

Building the temple

Building the temple took a lot of work and cooperation. King Hiram of Tyre provided lumber for building the temple in exchange for wheat and olive oil. Solomon also had many people cutting rocks for the walls of the temple.

3125:1f4a80

Solomon talks with King Hiram about building the Temple.

3135:1wb370

“Hiram had always been a close friend of King David”

3145:3pv3brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

To put an enemy under someones foot means to conquer them. Alternate translation: “Yahweh was helping David to defeat his enemies” or “David was busy since Yahweh was giving him victory over his enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

3155:3c84src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for the name” refers to worshiping the person.See how you translated this in 1 Kings 3:2. Alternate translation: “in which people would worship Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

3165:3vz730

Another possible meaning is “because of the wars with which his enemies surrounded him” or “because he was fighting enemies on all sides”

3175:3dkf4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

This speaks of Yahweh giving David complete control over his enemies as putting them under his feet. Alternate translation: “Yahweh was enabling David to completely defeat his enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

3185:4kg1j0

Solomon continues to talk with King Hiram about building the Temple.

3195:4h6ir0

Before Solomon became king, King David and the people of Israel had been at war, but now King Solomon and the people were at rest and in a time of peace.

3205:4zr1nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism0

neither humans who cause harm nor natural events that cause harm. This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “We are safe from our enemies and from natural disasters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

3215:4lex10

enemy

3225:4hy1q0

event that causes harm to people and their property

3235:5gll40

This is to emphasize the words that follow. “Listen! This is what I am going to do:” or “Because of what Yahweh has done for me, this is what I am going to do:”

3245:5ep1hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “name” is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “where Yahweh my God will live … where I will live” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

3255:5pwq3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “throne” refers to ruling as king. Alternate translation: “make to be the king after you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

3265:6gxt50

Solomon continues to talk with King Hiram about building the temple.

3275:6ae9w0

“your workers know how to cut timber better than my men”

3285:6y7ev0

people of the city of Sidon

3295:7z6fk0

King Hiram answers Solomon.

3305:7h2690

“what Solomon said”

3315:7rz48rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I praise Yahweh today” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

3325:8n2rj0

Cypress is another kind of valuable wood that would be used for building the temple.

3335:9kd8h0

King Hiram continues to answer Solomon.

3345:9i9nw0

“tie them together so they will float in groups”

3355:9th95rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “my workers untie the logs from each other” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

3365:9bfw20

“You can do what I want” or “You can pay me”

3375:10ysx90

The word “fir” refers to many kinds of trees, including cypress trees.

3385:11ku5jrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume0

This was a dry measurement whereas the oil was a liquid measurement. It was not clear which measure was intended. The measurement in the UST is an educated guess. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])

3395:11q3nz0

“every year”

3405:13tap50

Solomon forces men to build the Temple.

3415:13h6dp0

“forced men from all over Israel to work”

3425:14hun80

That is, there were three groups that took turns spending one month in Lebanon and two months at home.

3435:14j6rk0

Each of the three groups spent one month working in Lebanon and then two months at home in Israel.

3445:14xnv5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the men whom Solomon was forcing to work for him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

3455:15cte10

Solomon continues to force men to build the Temple.

3465:15h7kdrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“70,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

3475:15yex20

heavy things that people have to work hard to carry

3485:15x12vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“80,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

3495:15gp9u0

men who dig stones out of the ground and cut them to the proper shape

3505:16f3hprc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“three thousand three hundred chief officers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

3515:17u9ki0

Solomon continues to force men to build the temple.

3525:17hk8u0

“dug large, good stones out of the mountain and cut them to be the right shape”

3535:18l6m8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown0

men from the city of Gebal (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

3546:introdn220

1 Kings 06 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The building of the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])

Special concepts in this chapter

Building the temple

Solomon built the temple in seven years. The outside walls were made of rock. Solomon shaped the rocks for the wall in the quarry and then assembled them at the temple site. The inside was covered with wood. Inside the temple was a room covered by gold, which was the Most Holy Place where the ark was housed under statues of angels. It represented the presence of God.

3556:1rj8r0

The narrator describes the temple and its dimensions. This description continues through 1 Kings 6:38.

3566:1si1jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “Solomon commanded his workers to begin building” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

3576:1z8zfrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal0

These are the ordinal forms of 480 and 4. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])

3586:1u34src://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths0

“Ziv” is the name of the second month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of April and the first part of May on Western calendars. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

3596:2hfy60

The narrator continues to describe the temple and its dimensions.

3606:2md89rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“60 cubits long, 20 cubits wide, and 30 cubits high.” A cubit is 46 centimeters. This can be written used modern measures. Alternate translation: “27.6 meters long, 9.2 meters wide, and 13.8 meters high” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

3616:3yij10

The narrator continues to describe the temple and its dimensions.

3626:3usb70

an area of a building made of columns and a roof that leads to and connects with the buildings entrance door. This portico was probably attached to the front part of the wall that surrounded the temple.

3636:3yu32rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “9.2 meters … 4.6 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

3646:4wsw30

The narrator continues to describe the temple and its dimensions.

3656:4vkp1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “they made windows” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

3666:5va1u0

The narrator continues to describe the temple and its dimensions.

3676:5yit1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “they built” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

3686:5p1zz0

He built rooms on the outside of the outside wall around the main chamber.

3696:6rh9a0

The narrator continues to describe the temple and its dimensions.

3706:6r5turc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “they made” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

3716:6yy1k0

This refers to the rooms in each story of the building.

3726:6w37frc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 2.3 meters … about 2.8 meters … about 3.2 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

3736:6grf80

They made ledges all around the main building to support the beams of the small rooms.

3746:6fp5r0

A beam is a long heavy piece of wood used to support a building.

3756:7gis90

The narrator continues to describe the temple.

3766:7udq40

Here “house” refers to Gods house, the temple.

3776:7ekm10

A quarry is where people cut large stones from a mountain and shape them with tools so they are smooth. After they prepared the stones at the quarry, they brought them to the temple.

3786:8n52z0

The narrator continues to describe the temple.

3796:8rn6p0

There were a total of three floors. Some languages call these “ground floor,” “first floor,” and “second floor.”

3806:9e4k60

The narrator continues to describe the temple.

3816:9eh9yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “Solomons workers built … they covered” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

3826:9qdt50

A beam is a long heavy piece of wood used to support a building. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:6.

3836:9j6je0

A plank is a flat wooden board used for floors and walls.

3846:10yh6f0

The narrator continues to describe the temple and its dimensions.

3856:10kzz6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “They built” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

3866:10du8w0

These are the same rooms that are referred to in 1 Kings 6:5.

3876:10yr6hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

This phrase is a metonym for the walls that enclosed the chambers. Alternate translation: “exterior walls that enclosed the inner chambers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

3886:10anu7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.3 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

3896:10w6190

The word “timbers” is a general term that refers to wood used for building, such as beams and planks.

3906:11czi8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

The idiom “The word of Yahweh came to” is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to Solomon. He said,” or “Yahweh spoke this message to Solomon:” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

3916:12vb8rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “which you are having your workers build” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

3926:12af43rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The word “walk” is a metaphor for “live” or “obey.” Alternate translation: “continually obey all my statutes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

3936:12qx380

Possible meanings are (1) “carry out all of my laws” or (2) “treat the people whom you are ruling justly.”

3946:12g495rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the importance of obeying Gods commandments. AT “carefully obey all I tell you to do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

3956:12x4rb0

“I will do everything I promised David your father that I would do for you”

3966:14k3adrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “Solomons workers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

3976:15y9kmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “they built … they covered them … they covered the floor” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

3986:15hp230

walls between the rooms on the inside

3996:15ik56rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown0

Cypress is a kind of wood that was used for building the temple. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

4006:16d6pqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “He commanded them to build twenty cubits … He had them build this room” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4016:16xx5s0

“He built a room twenty cubits long”

4026:16g59qrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “9.2 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

4036:17w7cvrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “18.4 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

4046:17ha4k0

“main room”

4056:18l7dp0

a type of hard, round vegetable that grows on a vine on the ground

4066:18u5m40

“blooming flowers” or “flowers that were open”

4076:19ygb3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They prepared” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4086:20w5vkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They overlaid” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4096:20jfg20

“9.2 meters”

4106:20m4tm0

This altar would be used for burning incense.

4116:21yge1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They overlaid … they placed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4126:21c2iq0

“covered”

4136:22x7k8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They overlaid … They also overlaid” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4146:22l55u0

“altar of incense at the entrance to the inner room”

4156:23ilt3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Solomon commanded them to make” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4166:23w5qr0

wood from an olive tree

4176:23a2zgrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “4.6 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

4186:24zb23rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.3 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

4196:25e8tw0

the distance from the tip of one wing to the tip of the other wing

4206:25c1ib0

“same size”

4216:27bcq5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They placed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4226:27rj2s0

another name for the most holy place

4236:28l1b6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They overlaid” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4246:28k83f0

“covered.” See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:21.

4256:29w47jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “He commanded them to carve” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4266:30w875rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “He had them overlay” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4276:30d56p0

covered

4286:31uq5rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They made” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4296:31fb2k0

beam across the top of a door frame

4306:31c6zg0

toothlike notches on each of five sections

4316:32w1bjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “they made … they made … They overlaid … they spread” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4326:32ix6q0

“covered.” See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:21.

4336:33s6ub0

“In the same way, Solomon also made doorposts of olive wood for the temple entrance, with four indented sections”

4346:33dfh2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “they also made” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4356:33nd290

tooth-like notches

4366:34eh1n0

This means each door had two sections connected by hinges so they could fold together.

4376:35zh1rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They carved … they evenly overlaid” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4386:36y7ryrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They built the inner courtyard” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4396:36ugf50

A beam is a long heavy piece of wood used to support a building. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:6.

4406:37w9kbrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal0

The word “fourth” is the ordinal form of “four.” You may need to make explicit the event from which the writer counts the years. Alternate translation: “the fourth year after Solomon became king” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

4416:37zt3n0

“the temple”

4426:37f1ixrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths0

“Ziv” is the name of the second month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of April and the first part of May on Western calendars. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:1. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

4436:38ft8zrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal0

The word “eleventh” is the ordinal forms of “eleven.” You may need to make explicit the event from which the writer counts the years. Alternate translation: “the eleventh year after Solomon became king” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

4446:38hy2brc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths0

“Bul” is the eighth month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of October and the first part of November on Western calendars. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

4456:38iee20

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “they finished building every part of the house. They built it exactly the way Solomon had told them to build it”

4466:38rz5lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “It took Solomons workers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4477:introkaf20

1 Kings 07 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter has a description of the palace Solomon built and the materials used in the temple courtyard. It is the last chapter about the building of the temple. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])

Special concepts in this chapter

Bronze

Solomon hired a man from Tyre who was good at casting things out of bronze. The bronze objects were made by hollowing out the shape of the object in clay and then pouring in the hot melted liquid bronze and letting it cool. He made two large pillars and a large water reservoir set on the backs of 12 bronze cows. He made all the instruments for use in the sacrifices outside the temple. He made the furnishing inside the temple out of gold.

The temple and the palace

Solomon spent 13 years building a palace for himself that was much bigger than the temple. It is significant that the house of Solomon was much larger than the house of God. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/houseofgod]])

4487:1in3j0

The author is writing about Solomons palace.

4497:1f5n7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “It took Solomons workers thirteen years to build his palace” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4507:1lf860

If your language does not have a word for “palace,” you may translate this as “house” or “big house.”

4517:2rj760

Some details are given about the structure of the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon.

4527:2a64rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “He commanded them to build” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4537:2rg2y0

“the house called the House of the Lebanon Forest”

4547:2tl45rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “46 meters … 23 meters … 13.8 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

4557:2zp590

A beam is a long piece of strong wood used to support walls and roofs.

4567:3e2zi0

Some details continue to be given about the structure of the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon.

4577:3vs2wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The carpenters built a roof from cedar planks and attached them to beams” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

4587:3mmk90

long pieces of strong wood usually used to support a roof

4597:4d2n40

Some details continue to be given about the structure of the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon.

4607:5c2pl0

Some details continue to be given about the structure of the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon.

4617:5tmp70

“had rectangular frames”

4627:6r2cs0

The author writes about the structure of the Hall of Pillars.

4637:6i5va0

a series of columns, all the same distance apart

4647:6v962rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “23 meters … 13.8 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

4657:6nzf90

an area of a building made of columns and a roof that leads to and connects with the buildings entrance door. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:3

4667:7u94c0

The author writes about the hall of the throne.

4677:7t73grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Solomon had them build” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4687:7ksi30

Possible meanings are (1) “the house in which he was going to place his throne” or (2) “a house named The Kings Chair House”

4697:7va4arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The workers covered the floor with cedar wood” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

4707:7h3cp0

This refers to the entire floor. Alternate translation: “from one wall to the other”

4717:8vv7n0

The author continues to write about the palace area.

4727:8u1kwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Solomon had someone design the house in which he was to live, in another courtyard within the palace grounds, in the same way” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

4737:8vhb7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “He also commanded them to build” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4747:9m77z0

The writer is writing about the stones used for the buildings.

4757:9b9darc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The workers adorned the buildings with costly, hewn stones” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

4767:9x9mlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “hewn stones, that workers had precisely measured and cut with a saw and smoothed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

4777:9ht4prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The workers used these stones” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

4787:9a28u0

The author is emphasizing that the workers used expensive stones for the foundations and all the buildings.

4797:10cs6wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The workers constructed the foundation” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

4807:10j43irc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 3.7 meters and 4.6 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

4817:11rv230

A beam is a long piece of wood used for structural support.

4827:12gj1m0

See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:36.

4837:13yv35rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

Huram accepted Solomons invitation to come to Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

4847:14mx1erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

A widow is a woman whose husband has died, so we know that the father is dead. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

4857:14xyc5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. The words “wisdom and understanding” mean basically the same thing and are used together for emphasis. Yahweh giving such things as wisdom is spoken of as if they were liquids that Yahweh had poured into a container, and Huram is spoken of as if he were that container. Alternate translation: “Yahweh had given Huram wisdom, understanding, and skill” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

4867:15ps2xrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit is about 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 8.3 meters … 5.5 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

4877:15rjk80

Circumference is the distance or measurement around a circular object or area.

4887:16py25rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit is about 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.3 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

4897:16ym3q0

decorations on top of each of the two pillars

4907:16fd4s0

They polished the bronze so that it would reflect sunlight. “gleaming bronze”

4917:17lzk90

“Crossed metal strips woven together and metal chains twisted together”

4927:18rc2zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Huram commanded his workers to make” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4937:18m8zp0

A pomegranate is a fruit with a hard, red rind and many juicy seeds inside. Huram did not use real pomegranates to decorate the pillars. He made them out of bronze.

4947:19yg1brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

Lilies are plants whose flowers are wide at one end and very narrow at the other end. These words can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Huram decorated the capitals … with bronze lilies, four cubits high” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

4957:19m7gx0

Translate “portico” as in 1 Kings 7:6.

4967:19gz27rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 1.8 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

4977:20py2zrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“200 pomegranates.” A pomegranate is a fruit with a hard, red rind and many juicy seeds inside. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 7:18 (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

4987:21xs4grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They raised up” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

4997:21i3hgrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The name of the pillar on the right side was Jakin” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5007:21x4yyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The name of the pillar on the left side was Boaz” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5017:22f36frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Huram fashioned the pillars” or “Hurams men fashioned the pillars” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5027:23q22nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Huram also commanded them to make” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5037:23ih6g0

This refers to a bronze tank or basin that would hold water.

5047:23dql90

Huram melted the bronze and formed it in a mold.

5057:23i52rrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “4.6 meters … 2.3 meters … 13.8 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

5067:23wlw30

“from one edge to the other”

5077:23q5wc0

Circumference is the distance or measurement around a circular object or area.

5087:24bar80

A gourd is a type of hard, round vegetable that grows on a vine on the ground.

5097:24a5xxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when Huram cast that basin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5107:25rh410

This refers to the bronze tank or basin that held water for sacrifices.

5117:25x7rd0

“was on top of”

5127:25m9v3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Hurams workers set The Sea on top of the bronze oxen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5137:25a8tl0

This is the back quarter of the body of an animal with four feet.

5147:26d6yrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Huram forged the brim to look like the brim of a cup, to curve outward like a lily” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5157:26im3irc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume0

A bath is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: “2,000 baths” or “44,000 liters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])

5167:27vrb9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Huram also commanded them to make” or “They also made” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5177:27nie3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 1.8 meters … about 1.4 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

5187:28g4xy0

This means the author will describe the stands in the words that follow.

5197:29vkn80

There were decorative pieces in the shapes of lions, oxen, and cherubim fastened to the sides of the stands.

5207:29drg70

Here the word “wreaths” refers to spiral-shaped pieces of bronze.

5217:30c4jjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

There was one axle for each pair of wheels. Alternate translation: “four bronze wheels and two axles” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

5227:30r3m70

“the four corners of each stand”

5237:30wp4crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

Each support was cast as one piece with the wreaths. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Huram cast the supports with spiral-shaped pieces” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5247:31tnm9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 70 centimeters … about 50 centimeters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

5257:31bjx50

Here the word “crown” refers to the circular piece at the top of the stands opening that held the basin.

5267:31g1120

“the panels of the stands were square.” This phrase returns to the description of the panels that began in 1 Kings 7:28.

5277:32nan40

Here the word “their” refers to the axles. The word “housings” refers to the casings into which the axles were inserted.

5287:32ia6krc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit was 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 70 centimeters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

5297:33ez4trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Huram made the wheels like small chariot wheels” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5307:33huz30

Here the word “Their” refers to the wheels.

5317:34u8dc0

“There was a handle at each of the four corners of each stand”

5327:35j76erc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit was 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “twenty-three centimeters wide” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

5337:35i2wtrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Huram attached the supports and panels to the top of each stand” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5347:36y4lnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “they engraved” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5357:36nf5e0

Here the word “they” refers to the cherubim, lions, and palm trees.

5367:36d8lhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

The word “wreaths” refers to spiral-shaped pieces of bronze. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “there were wreaths all around them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5377:37iv9mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “He commanded them to make” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5387:37c4b7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Huram cast all of the stands in the same mold” or “They cast all of the stand in the same mold” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5397:37nj2g0

“all of the stands were the same size and shape”

5407:38bx9crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Huram had them make ten” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5417:38w15grc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume0

A bath is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: “about 88 liters” or “about 90 liters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])

5427:38k7ylrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance0

A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 1.8 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])

5437:39w6v7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Human had them make five … Huram commanded them to set” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5447:39u5iv0

“the south side … the north side”

5457:39z7tj0

“near the southeast corner of the temple”

5467:40kaa7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Huram had them make … they finished” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5477:41zv5qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile0

The capitals were shaped like bowls. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

5487:41rhp40

“crossed metal strips woven together”

5497:42v1e3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They made” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5507:42f5hxrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“400 pomegranates.” A pomegranate is a fruit with a hard, red rind and many juicy seeds inside. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 7:18. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

5517:44p87urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They made” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5527:45d5ggrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They made” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5537:45l8vt0

“all the other tools”

5547:45hw9y0

bronze that was polished so that it would reflect light

5557:46f6xbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “The king had his workers cast them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5567:46evu10

“flat land near the Jordan River”

5577:46ug1grc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

5587:47yk38rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Solomon did not have them weigh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5597:47u74lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one could measure the weight of the bronze” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5607:48f4p1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Solomons workers had made” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5617:48e2d6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “on which the priests were to place the bread of the presence” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5627:49kb8t0

The “flowers” and “lamps” were part of the lampstands.

5637:50tev9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “had his workers make all the cups … out of pure gold” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5647:50y2nn0

Here “sockets” may refer to either (1) the sockets in which the door pegs turned, or (2) the hinges on which the doors hung.

5657:51x9f6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the workers finished the work that King Solomon had them do for the house of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5668:introh96s0

1 Kings 08 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The ark is placed in the new temple. This is a very significant event in the history of the Israelites. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])

Special concepts in this chapter

Celebration of the temples completion

When the temple was finished, Solomon told all of the people to come to Jerusalem. They took the ark out of the tent and brought it to the temple. Then Solomon prayed that God would hear and answer prayers made to him when they faced towards the temple.

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Idiom

Solomon prayed that God would respond to peoples prayers using an idiom: “that your eyes may be open to the request of your servant.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

5678:1kla20

“called together the leaders of Israel”

5688:2vy83rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

This may refer either (1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jerusalem and who are listed in 8:1 or (2) generally to those who traveled to Jerusalem for the feast, not necessarily to every male person who lived in Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

5698:2uam70

This is a reference to the Feast of Succoth, also known as the Feast of Tabernacles or Feast of Shelters .

5708:2j1l1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths0

“Ethanim” is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of September and the first part of October on Western calendars. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

5718:5wl1zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

This is a generalization. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

5728:5i2earc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “more sheep and oxen than anyone would ever be able to count” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5738:6r7tn0

“into the inner room of the house—that is, to the most holy place—under”

5748:7f19rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “poles by which the priests carried it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5758:8igt60

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people could see their ends … people could not see them”

5768:8ia580

This means the day on which the writer wrote.

5778:10qah80

This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

5788:12y9ryrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person0

Solomon speaks to Yahweh as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he respects Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

5798:13ukz30

beautiful building in which someone very important lives

5808:14n1li0

“all the people of Israel who were gathered there”

5818:15qg1drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Praise Yahweh, the God of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5828:15yw9frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The hand is a metonym for the power in the hand. Alternate translation: “by his own power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5838:16b9uhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for … name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 3:2. Alternate translation: “so that people would worship me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5848:17kpv8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

What David desired is spoken of as if it were an item in a container and the heart as if it were a container. Alternate translation: “David my father desired” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

5858:17jsu6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for the name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 3:2. Alternate translation: “in which people would worship Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5868:18tr7grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

What David desired is spoken of as if it were an item in a container and the heart as if it were a container. Alternate translation: “Because you desired” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

5878:18ixj3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for … name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 3:2. Alternate translation: “in which people will worship me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5888:18fu1src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

What David desired is spoken of as if it were an item in a container and the heart as if it were a container. Alternate translation: “to desire to do that” or “by wanting to do that” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

5898:19n4x3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “one who will be your own offspring” or “one whom you yourself will father” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

5908:20j7v7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “has done exactly what he said he would do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

5918:20kuf2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Height is a metaphor for power. Alternate translation: “I have gained the power that David my father had” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

5928:20j2e5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alternate translation: “I rule over Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5938:20n57nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for … name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 3:2. Alternate translation: “in which people will worship Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5948:21ts1yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The stone tablets on which Yahweh had written the terms of the covenant are spoken of as if they were the covenant itself. Alternate translation: “are the tablets on which Yahweh wrote the terms of the covenant that” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5958:22p4j20

“all the people of Israel who were gathered there”

5968:23zb47rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns0

The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “who faithfully loves your servants” or “who is faithful to your covenant with your servants” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])

5978:23vza1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “live wholeheartedly the way that you want them to” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

5988:24zl94rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The hand is a metonym for the power of the hand. Alternate translation: “by your power fulfilled what you said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

5998:25u5virc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alternate translation: “to rule over Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

6008:25k2lbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “live as I want you to … have lived as I want you to” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

6018:27ke8zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Possible meanings of this question are (1) Solomon is asking a real question and expecting an answer or (2) the question is rhetorical and Solomon is emphasizing that God is too big and mighty to live on earth. Alternate translation: “But it surely cannot be that God will actually live on the earth!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

6028:27lex3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person0

Here Solomon speaks about God in the third person. It can be stated in the second person. Alternate translation: “But will you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

6038:27dxu60

“What I am about to say is important” or “The truth is that”

6048:27b6jr0

“you, so this temple that I have built certainly cannot contain you”

6058:28nl5hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

The words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that he is sincere as he makes his request. Solomon refers to himself as “your servant” to show that he respects Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “respect me, your servant, as I make this request” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])

6068:28ucf5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

The words “cry” and “prayer” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that he is sincere as he asks Yahweh to help him. Solomon refers to himself as “your servant” to show that he respects Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “listen to me, your servant, as I call today for you to help me” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])

6078:29u4idrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The eye is a metonym for what the eye does. Alternate translation: “May you watch over” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

6088:29p7b4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism0

This is a merism. Alternate translation: “all the time” or “continually” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

6098:29vwt1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

These two words together emphasize that Yahweh will dwell in the temple. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

6108:29icv3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person0

Solomon speaks of himself as “your servant” to show that he respects Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “that I, your servant, will pray” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

6118:30qx3rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person0

Solomon speaks of himself as “your servant” to show that he respects Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “listen to my request and the request of your people Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

6128:31wv6jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone requires him to swear” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

6138:32mt2drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

Here “head” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “on him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

6148:32ls6h0

“to give him what he deserves because he is righteous”

6158:33sjq6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “an enemy defeats your people Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

6168:33kus80

Possible meanings are (1) “confess that they have sinned against you” or (2) “praise you” or (3) “say that they will obey you from now on.”

6178:33axr3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns0

The abstract noun “forgiveness” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “ask you to forgive them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])

6188:35ij63rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The sky is spoken of as if it were a building in which God stores the rain. Alternate translation: “you do not allow rain to fall” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

6198:35gf9v0

Possible meanings are (1) “confess that they have sinned against you” or (2) “praise you” or (3) “say that they will obey you from now on.” See how you translated this in 1 Kings 8:33.

6208:36uz9grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “that they should live” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

6218:37e7f80

These are agricultural terms that refer to the death of crops from either too little or too much rain, respectively.

6228:37c2vc0

A “locust” is a type of grasshopper that causes destruction by eating crops. The word “caterpillar” refers to an early growth stage of the locust.

6238:38li44rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

The words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the person is sincere as he makes his request. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 8:28. Alternate translation: “requests” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

6248:38kwn9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Possible meanings are (1) The persons sin is spoken of as if it were a plague. Alternate translation: “knowing the sin in his own heart” or (2) The “plague” is a metonym for the sins that the disasters are a punishment for. Alternate translation: “knowing in his heart that the plague is the result of his own sin” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

6258:43vt9qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

The phrase “is called by your name” shows that God possesses and owns the house. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you own this house that I have built” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

6268:44ha7rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo0

When Solomon was speaking, these hypothetical situations had not happened, but Solomon knew that they might happen in the future. Use the form in your language for talking about events that have not happened but might happen in the future. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])

6278:44vjp7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for … name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 3:2. Alternate translation: “in which people will worship you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

6288:45d6n5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

The words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the people are sincere as they make their request. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 8:28. Alternate translation: “their request” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

6298:46d9cqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo0

When Solomon was speaking, these hypothetical situations had not happened, but Solomon knew that they might happen in the future. Use the form in your language for talking about events that have not happened but might happen in the future. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])

6308:47rbr1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo0

When Solomon was speaking, these hypothetical situations had not happened, but Solomon knew that they might happen in the future. Use the form in your language for talking about events that have not happened but might happen in the future. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])

6318:47d7furc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “where their enemies have taken them as exiles” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

6328:47zw2u0

people who keep others as prisoners

6338:47lcn9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism0

These two sentences mean the same thing. Together they emphasize how bad the peoples actions were. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

6348:47gh66rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

The words mean basically the same thing and emphasize how badly the people sinned. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

6358:48qbv6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo0

When Solomon was speaking, these hypothetical situations had not happened, but Solomon knew that they might happen in the future. Use the form in your language for talking about events that have not happened but might happen in the future. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])

6368:48mf4urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

The idiom “with all … heart” means “completely” and “with all … soul” means “with all … being.” These two phrases have similar meanings. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 2:4. Alternate translation: “with all their being” or “with all their energy” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

6378:48pq6q0

“while they are living in the land”

6388:48tv6f0

“toward the land in which they belong.” This refers to Israel.

6398:48ha3wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for … name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 3:2. Alternate translation: “in which people will worship you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

6408:49m5gjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

The two words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize that the people were sincere as they made their request to Yahweh. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 8:28. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

6418:50k51rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism0

Solomon twice requests Yahweh to forgive the people. This emphasizes the earnestness of his request. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

6428:51lr1arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “a furnace where people forge iron” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

6438:52e39qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

The eye is a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: “Please pay attention” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

6448:54u3p4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

The words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that he is sincere as he makes his request. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 8:28. Alternate translation: “request” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

6458:56js9brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Praise Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

6468:56vk99rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes0

This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has made every word of his good promises come true” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])

6478:57ff12rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize Solomons desire for Yahweh to be present with the people. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

6488:58pqz8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here their “hearts” refer to the peoples desires and emotions. Desiring to please someone is spoken of as inclining the heart toward that person. Alternate translation: “make us want to please him” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

6498:58k5k5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

Here “in his ways” is an idiom that refers to the way he wants people to live. Alternate translation: “live as he requires us to live” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

6508:59n37src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism0

This merism refers to “all the time” or “continually.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

6518:61xz160

“be wholly devoted”

6528:61ke8lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “always obey his statutes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

6538:62bs3grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

This generalization may refer either (1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jerusalem and who are listed in 1 Kings 8:1, or (2) to those who traveled to Jerusalem for the feast, not necessarily to every person who lived in Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

6548:63id7lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

This generalization may refer either (1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jerusalem and who are listed in 1 Kings 8:1, or (2) to those who traveled to Jerusalem for the feast, not necessarily to every person who lived in Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

6558:63v5e3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“22,000 oxen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

6568:63ttb5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“one hundred twenty thousand sheep” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

6578:64yz150

“the bronze altar that was in Yahwehs presence.” Since the temple is Yahwehs dwelling place among his people, the altar is described as being in his presence.

6588:65k9axrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

This generalization may refer either (1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jerusalem and who are listed in 1 Kings 8:1, or (2) to those who traveled to Jerusalem for the feast, not necessarily to every person who lived in Israel. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 8:62. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

6598:65reb2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“7 days … 7 days … 14 days” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

6608:66cs8nrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal0

The word “eighth” is the ordinal form of “8.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])

6618:66nja5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

The two words mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

6629:introiy5f0

1 Kings 09 General Notes

Structure and formatting

There are two parts to this chapter. Verses 19 is a dream in which God warned Solomon that he and his descendants were not to worship idols. If they did this, the temple would be destroyed. Verses 1028 is about Solomons extensive building and his partnership with Hiram, king of Tyre. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])

Special concepts in this chapter

Worship only Yahweh

Yahweh alone must be worshiped. It is necessary for people to stay faithful to God and not worship idols. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Metaphor

Walk” is a common image in Scripture. It is said, “if you walk before me as David your father walked.” (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/walk]])

6639:3f3hfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

The words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh recognized that Solomons request was sincere. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 8:28. Alternate translation: “your request” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

6649:3a6asrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The name is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “to dwell there and to claim possession of it forever” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

6659:3hnx7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

The eyes and heart are synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “I will protect and care for it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

6669:4h1h9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “if you live the way I want you to live, just as David your father did” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

6679:4v4jvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize how righteous David was. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

6689:5gx58rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “throne” refers to his reign. Alternate translation: “your dynasty” or “your reign” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

6699:5yq42rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The action of ruling a kingdom is spoken of as if it were a person sitting on a throne. This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “will always rule over Israel” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])

6709:6rn8vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

Here the words “commandments” and “statutes” mean basically the same thing and emphasize all that Yahweh has commanded. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

6719:6h58erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

6729:7jc4grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here the word “name” is a metonym for the person who possesses something. Alternate translation: “set apart for myself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

6739:7s96hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns0

The abstract noun “sight” can be expressed with the verb “see.” Looking at something is a metaphor for protecting it. Alternate translation: “I will put it where I no longer have to see it” or “I will get rid of it so I no longer have to protect it” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

6749:8r7b80

“This temple will be destroyed and its remains will be piled into a high mound”

6759:8i5gtrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “will express amazement and make a sound of disrespect” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

6769:9dng9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism0

These two phrases mean the same thing. The phrase “bowed down to them” describes the posture that people used in worship. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

6779:10ug4u0

This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way of doing this, you could consider using it here.

6789:10h3xz0

“after 20 years”

6799:10f22qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

6809:13vnk3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Hiram is rebuking Solomon. This questions can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “These cities that you have given me are good for nothing.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

6819:13g2mbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “and people still call them that today” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

6829:14ppd5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“one hundred and twenty talents of gold.” A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “about 4,000 kilograms of gold” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])

6839:15yc640

“the account of Solomon requiring men to work”

6849:15xw7y0

Possible meanings are (1) “the terrace system” or (2) “the landfill.”

6859:16g237rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The person is a metonym for the army he commands. Alternate translation: “The army of Pharaoh, king of Egypt, had gone up” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

6869:17u6mzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

6879:22j3hj0

“Solomon did not force the people of Israel to labor”

6889:23ql3drc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“five hundred and fifty of them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

6899:24yuq90

Possible meanings are (1) “built the terrace system” or (2) “built the landfill.” See how you translated “the Millo” in 1 Kings 9:15.

6909:25z3be0

See how you translated this phrase in 1 Kings 8:64.

6919:25yqb6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Solomon is a metonym for the workers he hired to do the work. Alternate translation: “So his workers completed the temple” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

6929:26k7edrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

6939:26f1yt0

“a large group of ships”

6949:28sv65rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“four hundred and twenty talents of gold.” A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “about 14,000 kilograms of gold” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])

69510:introabca0

1 Kings 10 General Notes

Structure and formatting

There are two parts to this chapter: The fame of Solomons wisdom and the wealth of his kingdom. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]])

Special concepts in this chapter

==Queen of Sheba == King Solomon became so famous for his wisdom that the queen of Sheba (modern day Yemen) came all the way to see him and was deeply impressed. God promised him great wealth and he became famously rich. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

69610:1ll43rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here Yahweh is represented by his “name.” Possible meanings are (1) Alternate translation: “Solomons fame, which glorified Yahweh” or (2) Alternate translation: “Solomons fame, which Yahweh had given him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

69710:2ktj1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

This is a generalization. Alternate translation: “everything she wanted to know” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

69810:5cyv40

Possible meanings are (1) “how his servants were seated around the table” or (2) “where his servants lived.”

69910:5fj7prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “she was utterly amazed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

70010:6j9u60

“I heard while I was in my own land”

70110:6jsh6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys0

Here the word “wisdom” can describe the word “words.” Alternate translation: “your wise sayings” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])

70210:7w8cgrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The phrase “my eyes” emphasizes that she herself saw it. Alternate translation: “I have seen it for myself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

70310:7eha5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated without the passive form. Alternate translation: “They did not tell me about even half of your wisdom and wealth” or “You are much more wise and wealthy than what they told me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

70410:8p6v2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “who are always in your presence waiting to serve you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

70510:9jp39rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May people praise Yahweh your God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

70610:9vgv4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The throne is a metonym for the king who sits on it. Alternate translation: “who made you king of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

70710:10nkd9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“one hundred and twenty talents of gold.” A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “about 4,000 kilograms of gold” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])

70810:10qy6hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “No one ever again gave to King Solomon more spices than the queen of Sheba gave to him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

70910:11ss8lrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown0

a type of wood, possibly one with a pleasant scent (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

71010:12w9a9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. Alternate translation: “The king told his people to make” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

71110:12k51brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “nor has anyone ever seen such a great quantity again” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

71210:12l6t40

This means to the day that the author was writing this.

71310:13k6r5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

71410:13yw6r0

“because as king he had so much”

71510:14s28z0

“each year.” This refers to every year of Solomons reign, and not to just one time.

71610:14wr4krc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“six hundred sixty-six.” A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “almost 22,000 kilograms of gold” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])

71710:16ur9krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. Alternate translation: “King Solomons men made” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

71810:16dc4krc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“200 large shields” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

71910:16qcy8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight0

A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: “About 6.6 kilograms of gold” or “Six and one half kilograms of gold” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])

72010:16eu650

Because the word “shekels” does not appear here in the Hebrew text, some modern versions assume instead the unit of bekah, which was equivalent to only a half shekel. Any version making this assumption would signal a metric equivalent of about three kilograms.

72110:17zp6brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. Alternate translation: “The kings men also made” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

72210:17x89drc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“300 shields” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

72310:17x1m1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight0

A mina is a unit of weight equal to about 550 grams. Alternate translation: “About 1.7 kilograms of gold” or “One and three-quarters kilograms of gold” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])

72410:17ii470

“the house called the House of the Lebanon Forest.” See how you translated this in 1 Kings 7:2.

72510:18rq21rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped the king do this. Alternate translation: “the kings men made” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

72610:18bcw6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown0

Ivory is the hard, white substance from the tusks or teeth of large animals. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

72710:21ky1i0

“the house called the House of the Lebanon Forest.” See how you translated this in 1 Kings 7:2.

72810:22b4zxrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown0

Ivory is the hard, white substance from the tusks or teeth of large animals. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 10:18. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

72910:22qu73rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown0

These animals live wild in Africa. At the ends of their four limbs are what look like human hands and feet, and they have long tails. Some people consider baboons a type of ape. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

73010:24d3dlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

This is a generalization. Alternate translation: “People from everywhere” or “People from many different places” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

73110:24a1m3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The presence of the person is a metonym for being able to speak and listen to the person. Alternate translation: “sought an audience with Solomon” or “wanted to visit Solomon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

73210:24en9crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The heart is a metonym for what a person thinks and is spoken of as if it were a container. The abstract noun “wisdom” is spoken of as if it were an object that could be put in a container and can be translated as an adjective. It can be a metonym for either the person or the words the person speaks. Alternate translation: “to hear his wisdom, which God had given him” or “to hear how wise God had enabled him to be” or “to hear him speak the wise words that God had enabled him to speak” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

73310:26d168rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“one thousand four hundred chariots and 12,000 horsemen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

73410:27hi32rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

The narrator uses exaggeration to emphasize the great amount of silver that was in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “The king had so much silver in Jerusalem, it was like there was as much silver as there was stones on the ground” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

73510:28qm3hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that his merchants had bought from people in Egypt” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

73610:28hmd8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a region. Some think that Kue was the same as Cilicia, in Asia Minor. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

73710:29a9idrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “His merchants purchased chariots” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

73810:29m334rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight0

A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: “about 6.6 kilograms of silver … about 1.7 kilograms” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])

73910:29z3uurc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“600 shekels of silver” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

74010:29ce7hrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“one hundred and fifty shekels” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

74110:29e5bhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “His merchants then sold many of these” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

74211:introabcb0

1 Kings 11 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This is the end of the story of Solomon. (Chapters 1-11)

Special concepts in this chapter

Intermarriage with Gentiles

God had told the people of Israel in Mosess law never to marry women from the Gentile nations. But Solomon married many women from Gentile countries. This was because their religious beliefs would negatively affect Israel. Solomon, the wisest man, became a fool and his wives persuaded him to worship foolish idols. God became angry and warned he would take away 10 tribes from the kingdom of his son. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]], [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]], [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

74311:1i6y40

The word “Now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line where the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story.

74411:1rz6nrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

74511:2u5n2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

To “turn someones heart” is to convince that person to change his affection. Alternate translation: “persuade you to worship the gods that they worship” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

74611:3pv2yrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“700 royal wives and 300 concubines” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

74711:3l6qfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

To “turn someones heart” is to convince that person to change his affection. See how you translated a similar phrase in 1 Kings 11:1. Alternate translation: “turned his heart away from Yahweh” or “persuaded him to stop worshiping Yahweh” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

74811:4d7qtrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

To “surrender” your heart refers to giving total allegiance and affection. Alternate translation: “he was not fully devoted … as was David” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

74911:5u9ifrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are the names of false gods. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

75011:5pjt2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

75111:5ucx3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

Some version render this as “Milcom.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

75211:6irv2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The phrase, “in the sight of” refers to someones opinion. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

75311:7tm2src://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are the names of false gods. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

75411:8pkl80

Here the words “at them” refer to the shrines that Solomon built.

75511:9c133rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

The words “his heart had turned” refer to his having changed allegiance and affection. See how you translated a similar phrase in 1 Kings 11:1. Alternate translation: “Solomon had stopped worshiping Yahweh” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

75611:9h8sw0

“Yahweh had appeared to Solomon twice”

75711:11xd9urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

To “tear from” is to forcefully remove. This is like a person tears apart a piece of cloth. Alternate translation: “forcefully take the kingdom from you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

75811:12d4rprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “hand” refers to control, authority and power. Alternate translation: “your sons control” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

75911:14gu9wrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

76011:15y3by0

This begins three verses of background material that happened long before.

76111:16i88s0

This continues background material that happened long before.

76211:16gn6irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

The words “all Israel” refer to the army of Israel. Alternate translation: “Joab and all of the Israelite army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

76311:17k3g70

This concludes background material that happened long before.

76411:17dd34rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. “But the servants of Hadads father took him with other Edomites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

76511:18cl9u0

This section continues the background information that began in 1 Kings 11:15.

76611:18vp1v0

Here the word “They” refers to Hadad and the other Edomites mentioned in 1 Kings 11:17.

76711:18g3dyrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

76811:19vy6vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

76911:20cu24rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

77011:20kna5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

77111:21ub66rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism0

This is a polite way of saying David was dead. Alternate translation: “David had died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

77211:23gw5vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

77311:23nuu8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a location. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

77411:24g294rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of locations. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

77511:24xw9zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

Here “David” refers to David and his army. Alternate translation: “when Davids army overcame” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

77611:25c11urc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a location. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

77711:25uqb40

“during the time that Solomon was alive” or “all the days of Solomons life”

77811:25q4nx0

“Rezon hated Israel very much”

77911:26my6src://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

78011:26p4a7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a location. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

78111:26dp3drc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

78211:26t72jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “hand” refers to authority, power and control. The phrase “lifted up against” refers to having opposed someone by using authority, power and control. This is a metonym used as a common idiom. Alternate translation: “rebelled against the king” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

78311:27zc8g0

Translate “Millo” as in 1 Kings 9:15.

78411:28y6ga0

Possible meanings are (1) “a great warrior” or (2) “a very capable man” or (3) “a wealthy and influential man.”

78511:28kz580

“he made him commander”

78611:28xb54rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “labor” refers to the work that Solomon commanded the people to do for his government. This is a metonym. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

78711:28hea7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

This refers to the descendants of Joseph who were the people groups of Ephraim and Manasseh. This is a metonym. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

78811:29ijr8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

78911:29e5f2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

The Shilonites are a people group. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

79011:31b9tk0

Here the word “He” refers to Ahijah.

79111:31zw4erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Here “tear … out” is a metaphor that refers to the action of forcefully removing. This is like a person tears apart a piece of cloth. See how you translated this phrase in 1 Kings 11:11. Alternate translation: “forcefully take the kingdom out” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

79211:31ei9mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “hand” is a metonym that refers to a persons authority, control and power. Alternate translation: “Solomons control” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

79311:32m8jsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The name “Solomon” here is a metonym referring to his descendants. Alternate translation: “Solomons sons will have” or “Solomons descendants will have” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

79411:33f1ierc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are the names of false gods. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

79511:33wij3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are the names of locations and the people groups that live there. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

79611:33ebs4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

“Eyes” here is a metonym for someones opinion or idea. This is a commonly used idiom. Alternate translation: “what I consider to be right” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

79711:34v3gz0

Ahijah continues to tell Jeroboam what Yahweh has said.

79811:34i3w30

Here the word “I” refers to Yahweh.

79911:34e7rwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here the word “hand” is a metonym that refers to a persons authority, control and power. Alternate translation: “out of Solomons control” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

80011:35u6ey0

Here the word “you” refers to Jeroboam.

80111:36nvf4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “lamp” is a metonym that refers to a persons influence and guidance. Alternate translation: “will always have a descendant to rule as an influence and a guide for obeying my covenant with Davids family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

80211:37p3nd0

Ahijah continues to tell Jeroboam what Yahweh has said.

80311:37zb1t0

Here the word “I” refers to Yahweh and the word “you” refers to Jeroboam.

80411:38z9vjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “eyes” here is a metonym for someones opinion or idea. This is a commonly used idiom. See how you translated this phrase in 1 Kings 11:33. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

80511:38zk8xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The clause “build a house” is a metaphor for establishing descendants from that time on. Alternate translation: “establish for you a lasting kingdom” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

80611:40m9v1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

80711:41cf3zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. Alternate translation: “you can find them in the book of the events of Solomon.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

80811:41yk5p0

This book no longer exists.

80911:43wer1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The clause “slept with his ancestors” is a metaphor that expresses as a euphemism the death of a person in more gentle words. Alternate translation: “He died and he was buried with his ancestors” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

81011:43ttg1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “people buried him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

81112:introabcc0

1 Kings 12 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Civil war

This chapter explains how the united kingdom of Israel was split into the two kingdoms: Israel and Judah. This is sometimes called a “civil war.”

Special concepts in this chapter

Israel splits

Gods warning to Solomon came true. In spite of his famous wealth, Solomon had over-taxed his own people and forced them to work for free. When the people requested that King Rehoboam reduce taxes and forced labor, he said that he would be harsher than his father. This caused the 10 northern tribes to revolt and appoint Jeroboam as their king. These northern tribes are now called the kingdom of Israel. Only Judah and Benjamin stayed with Rehoboam. They are called Judah. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]])

Jeroboam introduces calf worship

Jeroboam made a terrible mistake. He was afraid that if the people continued to go to Jerusalem to worship in the temple, they would want to return to Rehoboam as their king. So he made two shrines with calves made of gold for the people to worship. This eventually caused the destruction of his whole family. The kingdom of Israel continued worshiping the idols until they were taken slaves by the Assyrians. The northern tribes were unable to truly worship Yahweh without going to Jerusalem in the kingdom of Judah.

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Metaphor

The people used the metaphor of “yoke” for oppressive government: “Your father made our yoke difficult. Now then, make your fathers hard work easier, and lighten the heavy yoke that he put on us.” But Rehoboam promised to increase their oppression with three metaphors: “My little finger is thicker than my fathers waist. So now, although my father burdened you with a heavy yoke, I will add to your yoke. My father punished you with whips, but I will punish you with scorpions.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

81212:1rer8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

Here “Israel” represents all the men of Israel capable of fighting. Here “all Israel” is a generalization which means almost all the men of Israel. Alternate translation: “all the men of Israel were coming” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

81312:2kgj50

This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

81412:2s9f6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

81512:3hs1v0

Here the word “him” refers to Jeroboam.

81612:4nt4brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

A heavy yoke is a metaphor for very difficult labor and requirements. Alternate translation: “treated us cruelly” or “forced us to work very hard” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

81712:6b1curc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

To “stand before” is an idiom for serving the king in his presence. Alternate translation: “the old men who counseled Solomon” or “the old men who attended to Solomon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

81812:9w13arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

To “lighten the yoke” is a metaphor to represent lifting of the burden. Alternate translation: “Do not treat us as cruelly as your father did” or “Do not force us to work as hard as your father did” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

81912:10f3lxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

This metaphor means that Rehoboam is more cruel and intimidating than his father. Alternate translation: “What I will do to make your burden heavier is much more than what my father put on you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

82012:11p1d4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

This metaphor means that the punishment Rehoboam plans to give will be worse than what his father gave. Alternate translation: “My father used whips to force you to work but I will use even crueler punishment” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

82112:11y1yh0

The word “scorpions” may refer to (1) a whip with sharp metal barbs on the end or (2) a spider-like creature that has a poisonous sting.

82212:14akf3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

A heavy yoke is a metaphor for very difficult labor and requirements. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 12:4. Alternate translation: “treated you cruelly” or “forced you to work very hard” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

82312:14m7vyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

This metaphor means that the punishment Rehoboam plans to give will be worse than what his father gave. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 12:11. Alternate translation: “My father used whips to force you to work but I will use even crueler punishment” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

82412:15tz7urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom and can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused things to happen like this” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

82512:15k3cfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

The idiom “had spoken by” someone refers to giving someone a message to tell others. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

82612:15cf34rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

82712:15e3zerc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a people group from the town of Shiloh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

82812:16xhj1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

Here “Israel” represents all he men of Israel capable of fighting. “All Israel” is a generalization which means almost all the men of Israel. Alternate translation: “all the men of Israel” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

82912:16k5yxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

“Share” here is a metonym meaning a part, involvement, or interest. This question can be translated as a simple statement. Alternate translation: “We will have no part in the family of David.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

83012:16b5flrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

“Son of Jesse” here is a metonym for David, a son of Jesse. “Inheritance” is a metonym for the part left for these people from Davids successes. Alternate translation: “We will have nothing to do with the descendants of Jesse” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

83112:16u1a1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

“Tents” here is a metonym representing a persons place of residence. Alternate translation: “Go to your homes, people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

83212:16l1mnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

“House” here is a metonym for Davids lineage of power and prestige. Alternate translation: “Now take care of your own kingdom, descendant of David” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

83312:18qw63rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

83412:18nf44rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “Israel” is a metonym for the people of Israel. “All Israel” is a generalization which means almost all the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “all the people of Israel who were there” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

83512:19e9fgrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “house” is a metonym that represents family or descendants. Alternate translation: “the kings descended from David” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

83612:19wki70

“ever since that time.” This refers to the time that the writer was actually writing this.

83712:20ek8h0

This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

83812:20xsq2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

“All Israel” here is a generalization that means the capable men of Israel who represent the rest of the people by a synecdoche. Alternate translation: “when all the leaders of Israel heard” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

83912:20q57frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

“Israel” implicitly means the northern ten tribes that rebelled against Rehoboam. Alternate translation: “king over all of the 10 tribes of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

84012:20e94p0

“Davids descendants”

84112:21bcr4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “house” is a metonym that represents a tribe or descendants. And, here “tribe” refers specifically to the soldiers from those tribes. Alternate translation: “all the soldiers from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

84212:21sx4rrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“one hundred eighty thousand chosen men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

84312:21va9yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “house” represents the kingdom made up of the 10 northern tribes of Israel. Alternate translation: “the kingdom of Israel” or “the people of the northern tribes of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

84412:22lz9drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. Alternate translation: “God spoke this message … and he said” or “God spoke these words … and he said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

84512:22bf83rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

84612:22t1dq0

The expression “man of God” is a respectful way of referring to a prophet of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “the man who belongs to God” or “the prophet of God”

84712:23v1cqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “house” is a metonym that represents a tribe or descendants. Alternate translation: “all the people from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

84812:24s1c7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

The words “brothers” and “people of Israel” are a doublet that refer to the men of the ten northern tribes and emphasize the family relationship between them and the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

84912:24kwz5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “because I have made this thing happen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

85012:26ul7wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

“Heart” here is a metonym for a persons inner consciousness, thoughts, motivation, or feelings. Alternate translation: “thought to himself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

85112:26ek8xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “house” is a metonym representing family or descendants. Alternate translation: “the kings descended from David” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

85212:27t95u0

The words “these people” refer to the people of the northern ten tribes of Israel.

85312:27jw8jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

“Heart” here is a metonym for the peoples allegiance and affection. Alternate translation: “the allegiance of these people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

85412:27vzl3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism0

These phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize Jeroboams fear that the people would turn again to Rehoboam as king. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

85512:28aag1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

“You” here is a metonym for the ancestors of the people. Alternate translation: “brought your ancestors up” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

85612:31mi56rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The workers who did this at Jeroboams commands are represented by the metonym of the name of Jeroboam himself. Alternate translation: “Jeroboams workers made houses on high places” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

85712:31d1nxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

The implied information is that these were houses of worship. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “houses of worship on high places” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

85812:31q1ht0

“appointed men to be priests”

85912:32t9dtrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths0

This is the eighth month of the Hebrew calendar. The fifteenth day is near the beginning of November on Western calendars. Alternate translation: “on the fifteenth day of the eighth month” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])

86012:32f8e9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

“Went up” here is an idiom for going to a sacred place to worship since these altars were located on high places. Alternate translation: “offered sacrifices on the altar” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

86112:33t8tbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

“Went up” here is an idiom for going to a sacred place to worship since these altars were located on high places. Alternate translation: “offered sacrifices on the altar” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

86212:33uh1v0

“in the month that he had determined”

86313:introabcd0

1 Kings 13 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter has two parts: The young prophets warning to Jeroboam (1-10) and the old prophets deception (11-34). (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])

Special concepts in this chapter

Obeying God

People should do what God tells them to do and not what other people tell them is Gods will for them. The story of the young prophet and the old prophet is an example of this. (See:[[rc:///tw/dict/bible/other/reward]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/willofgod]])

86413:1xe5mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

The implied information is that Yahweh sent the man of God to Bethel. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh sent a man of God from Judah to Bethel” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

86513:1gc3y0

This is another title for a prophet. Alternate translation: “A prophet”

86613:1zw3a0

“came from Judah”

86713:1y8880

“the message of Yahweh” or “Yahwehs message”

86813:2w4310

Here “He” refers to the man of God.

86913:2j9hbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This means he prophesied toward the altar in a loud and condemning voice. Alternate translation: “prophesied loudly toward the altar” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

87013:2b5kxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe0

The prophet spoke to the altar as if it were a person who could hear him. He said this twice for emphasis. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])

87113:2xz9xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here the “family of David” refers to the descendants of David. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “a descendant of David will have a son named Josiah” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

87213:2rc7m0

Here “they” refers to Josiah and the people with him.

87313:3z5tyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will split the altar apart and the ashes on it will fall to the ground” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

87413:4vle1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh dried up the hand with which he had reached out against the man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

87513:4zft30

“withered” or “became paralyzed”

87613:5pg6irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh also split the altar apart” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

87713:5r5aarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “as the man of God had described by the word of Yahweh as a sign” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

87813:5u4ww0

“the message of Yahweh” or “Yahwehs message”

87913:6y2garc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns0

The abstract noun “favor” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “Plead that Yahweh your God may favor me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])

88013:6mlb5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh may restore my hand” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

88113:6whk6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh restored the kings hand and made it as it was before” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

88213:7hp7crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns0

The word “yourself” is a reflexive pronoun. Alternate translation: “Come home with me and eat some food” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])

88313:8m4ns0

“half of your house”

88413:9cz7l0

“Do not eat bread, drink water, or return by the way that you came”

88513:10zph80

“went a different way”

88613:12ujg1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

The implied information is that the sons also told their father which way the man of God went. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

88713:13heb10

This means to place a seat on the back of an animal so a person can ride on it.

88813:14ijy30

This refers to the prophet who lived in Bethel.

88913:14iz7y0

“the old prophet said to the man of God”

89013:14z6cq0

“The man of God answered”

89113:16r6gl0

“go into your house”

89213:16tlu70

“in Bethel”

89313:17lc3frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh commanded me by his word” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

89413:17h2f50

“the message of Yahweh” or “Yahwehs message”

89513:18z9es0

“an angel delivered to me a message from Yahweh”

89613:18nn2d0

“the message of Yahweh” or “Yahwehs message”

89713:20jm5rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

The implied information is that they were still eating and drinking at the table. Alternate translation: “As they were eating and drinking at the table” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

89813:20gh86rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

The idiom “the word of Yahweh came to” is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in 1 Kings 6:11. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to the prophet” or “Yahweh spoke this message to the prophet” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

89913:20smt30

Here the word “him” refers to the man of God.

90013:21t7yrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

The idiom “the word of Yahweh came to” in the previous verse is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in 1 Kings 6:11. Alternate translation: “came from Judah. He said, Yahweh” or “came from Judah: Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

90113:21ka7n0

“the prophet spoke loudly to the man of God”

90213:21c5k80

“Because you have not obeyed the word of Yahweh”

90313:23yg230

This means he placed a seat on the back of the donkey so the man of God could ride on it. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 13:13.

90413:24cs7drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “left his body on the road” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

90513:24b5wa0

“his dead body”

90613:25sim20

Here “it” refers to what they had seen on the road. Alternate translation: “they came and told about what they had seen”

90713:28im6s0

“the dead body of the man of God”

90813:28s3e90

“lying in the road”

90913:29f12j0

“lifted up”

91013:29v8rd0

“the dead body”

91113:30m79y0

Here the word “they” refers to the prophet and his sons.

91213:30s4c80

The word “Woe” here is an expression of great sorrow.

91313:31mwf50

Here the word “he” refers to the old prophet and the word “him” refers to the man of God.

91413:31h3msrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

Here “my bones” represents his entire body. Alternate translation: “Lay my dead body beside his bones” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

91513:32cl38rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

The implied information is that these were houses of worship. Alternate translation: “houses of worship on the high places” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

91613:34u6v6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Jeroboams family sinned by doing this thing” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

91713:34u16a0

This phrase refers to Jeroboams setting up shrines and appointing priests.

91813:34ab53rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “because of this God destroyed and exterminated Jeroboams family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

91913:34p7vmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

These mean nearly the same thing. Alternate translation: “to be completely destroyed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

92014:introabce0

1 Kings 14 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter has two stories. One is the death of Jeroboams son (1-18). The other is the reign of Rehoboam (20-31).

Special concepts in this chapter

The death of Jeroboams son

God knows the truth; it is useless to try to fool Gods prophet. Jeroboams son became sick; so the king sent his wife, disguised as a common woman, to the prophet. The prophet was blind, but when Jeroboams wife arrived he told her, “Come in, wife of Jeroboam.” He also told her that her son would die and that all of Jeroboams family would be killed, because he had caused Israel to worship the golden calves. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/true]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])

Rehoboams reign

When Solomon obeyed God, God made him very rich. When the people of Judah began to worship the fertility goddess, Ashtoreth, and to do many evil things, they had to give all of their wealth to the king of Egypt to persuade him not to attack Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])

92114:2qek90

“change how you appear to others”

92214:2dqs3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one will recognize you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

92314:5gqa20

Here the word “Look” means “pay attention.”

92414:5j3d5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns0

The abstract noun “advice” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “coming to ask you to advise her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])

92514:5yfs2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

The words “such and such” mean that Yahweh told Ahijah what to say. Alternate translation: “Speak in this way to her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

92614:6ua5qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

This question shows that Ahijah knew she was disguised. Alternate translation: “Stop pretending to be someone else; I know who you are.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

92714:6d37arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh told me to give you bad news” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

92814:7yfv30

“I exalted you”

92914:8dpr3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

God forcefully removed most of the kingdom like a person tears a piece of cloth. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

93014:8bf170

“obeyed me”

93114:8gar7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here the “heart” refers to a persons will and desire. Alternate translation: “with all his will” or “with complete commitment” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

93214:8q6zirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what I judged to be right” or “what I considered to be right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

93314:9u58xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Jeroboam has disrespected Yahweh like a person throws away something that is not wanted. Alternate translation: “completely rejected me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

93414:10jtx80

“pay attention.” This word is added to indicate that what follows is important.

93514:10fi6erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism0

These two phrases are very similar in meaning and are repeated for emphasis. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

93614:10yn7wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Yahweh speaks of destroying Jeroboams family and preventing him from having any descendants as if he were cutting them off as one would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “destroy every one of your male children in Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

93714:10zd2erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile0

This simile compares the removal of every descendant of Jeroboam with the complete burning up of dung that was mixed with straw, dried, and burned for fuel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

93814:11e4g6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Dogs will eat anyone who belongs to your family and who dies in the city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

93914:11vp8mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the birds of the heavens will eat anyone who dies in the field” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

94014:12nm7yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

The word “feet” here is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “when you enter the city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

94114:13pc5prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

This is a generalization that means the people of the northern kingdom of Israel. Alternate translation: “The Israelite people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

94214:13und50

“be buried in a grave”

94314:13y175rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “house” here is a metonym for “family.” Alternate translation: “in all of Jeroboams family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

94414:13g2narc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The sight of Yahweh represents Yahwehs judgment or evaluation. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “did Yahweh, the God of Israel, find anything he judged to be good” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

94514:14j5k3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The writer speaks of the new king of Israel destroying Jeroboams family and preventing him from having any descendants like one would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “destroy the descendants of Jeroboam” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

94614:15li45rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile0

The writer here uses a simile to express how Yahweh will bring judgment on the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will attack the people of Israel as a reed is shaken in the water” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

94714:15ul1src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “like a river of water shakes a reed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

94814:15fha5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Yahweh compares Israel with a plant that he will tear out of the ground by its roots. Alternate translation: “he will remove the people of Israel from this good land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

94914:15h5920

“disperse them”

95014:17w3yyrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of the city where king Jeroboam lived. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

95114:18tt3krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

This is a generalization that means the people of Israel buried him and mourned for him. Alternate translation: “A great number of the people of Israel were present when people buried him, and the people of Israel mourned for him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

95214:18h95xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “just as Yahweh told them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

95314:18be920

“by the message of Yahweh” or “in Yahwehs message”

95414:19yrn50

“look” or “see for yourself”

95514:19z8ibrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you can find them written in” or “someone has written about them in” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

95614:19bn670

This refers to a book that no longer exists.

95714:20srn1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“22 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

95814:20wjl3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Jeroboam dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 2:10. Alternate translation: “died” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

95914:21q3tprc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“41 years old … 17 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

96014:21j1gbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “put his name” is a metonym for “dwell” and refers to the temple where Yahweh was to be worshiped. Alternate translation: “in which to dwell” or “in which to be worshiped” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

96114:21f2e30

Here the word “His” refers to Rehoboam.

96214:21g2icrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is a womans name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

96314:22gl83rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “Judah” represents the people of Judah. Alternate translation: “The people of Judah did” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

96414:22x9gxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The “sight” of Yahweh represents Yahwehs judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 11:6. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahwehs judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

96514:22v839rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns0

The abstract noun “jealousy” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “they made him jealous” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])

96614:22ms6i0

“their ancestors”

96714:23p8sk0

The word “they” here refers to the people of Judah.

96814:23chb2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The words “for themselves” are a metonym for what they will do with the high places. Alternate translation: “built for their own use” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])

96914:23m593rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

This is likely to be an exaggeration that indicates there were many places like these for false worship all over the country. Alternate translation: “on the high hills and under the green trees” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

97014:24k9ye0

“religious prostitutes” or “male prostitutes.” This probably refers to male prostitutes who were associated with idol worship.

97114:24sd6grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here the word “nations” represents the people in those nations. Alternate translation: “the same disgusting things that the people did, whom” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

97214:25bd5wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

This refers to the fifth year of Rehoboams reign as king. Alternate translation: “in the fifth year that Rehoboam was king” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

97314:25r9etrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal0

“in year 5” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])

97414:25ims7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

“Shishak king of Egypt” represents himself along with the Egyptian army. Alternate translation: “Shishak king of Egypt, and his army with him, came up against Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

97514:25gj7wrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 11:40. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

97614:25ly55rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom that means marched against or attacked. Alternate translation: “came to attack” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

97714:26e4q1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

This is a generalization that indicates every valuable thing that could be found was taken away. Alternate translation: “He took away many valuable things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

97814:26ft41rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

The word “He” represents Shishak and the soldiers who were with him. Alternate translation: “Shishak and his army took” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

97914:26h6p9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “Solomon” refers to the craftsmen who worked for Solomon to make the shields. Alternate translation: “that Solomon had his workers make” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

98014:27q3gerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “King Rehoboam” represents the persons who worked for him to make the shields. Alternate translation: “King Rehoboams workers made shields” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

98114:27hr790

“in place of the shields of gold”

98214:27xtu7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “hands” represents care or responsibility. Alternate translation: “made them the responsibility of the commanders” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

98314:27wwb3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “doors” represents the entrance. Alternate translation: “who guarded the entrance to the kings house” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

98414:28xyg70

“the guards would carry the shields of bronze”

98514:29p36wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” or “you can read about them in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

98614:29fs5w0

This refers to a book that no longer exists.

98714:30t5f20

“There was continuing war” or “There were constant battles”

98814:30cq7zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

The names of the kings represent themselves and their armies. Alternate translation: “the armies of Rehoboam and Jeroboam fought in battle again and again” or “Rehoboam and his people and Jeroboam and his people engaged in battle continually” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

98914:31jkz7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Rehoboam dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 2:10. Alternate translation: “died” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

99014:31njq1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people buried him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

99114:31pki8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a woman. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 14:21. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

99214:31t2h30

“Abijah the son of Rehoboam”

99314:31xgz7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Rehoboam” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

99415:introabcf0

1 Kings 15 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Judah had some bad kings and some good kings. All of the kings in Israel continued to worship the golden calves, so they were all considered to be bad. Judah and Israel continually fought each other.

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

“But the shrines were not taken away.”

At the shrines, the people worshiped Yahweh. But later, during Hezekiahs reign, it was decided that all sacrifices must be made only at the temple. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])

99515:1ms3brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

This refers to the eighteenth year of Jeroboams reign. Alternate translation: “After Jeroboam had been the king of Israel for almost eighteen years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

99615:1njh8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“In year 18” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

99715:3hlc3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Walking represents living, and walking in sins represents committing those sins. Alternate translation: “Abijah continued to practice all the sins” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

99815:3cm11rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

Since these verses refer to several kings, it may help to include the name of Abijahs father. This information can be made clear. AT “that his father, Rehoboam, had committed before Abijahs time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

99915:3v4psrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

This phrase represents the time that he was king. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “before Abijah was king” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

100015:3p8rmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

The heart represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “Abijah was not devoted … as David” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

100115:4qbs7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The word “lamp” here represents a descendant who would be king as David was. Alternate translation: “gave David a descendant to rule in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

100215:4t1tl0

“by raising up Abijahs son after him” or “by giving Abijah a son”

100315:5al5urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The eyes here represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh judges to be right” or “what Yahweh considers to be right” (See:[[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

100415:5k5rn0

“the whole time that David lived” or “throughout Davids whole life”

100515:5z4w5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Turning away from a command represents disobeying it. Alternate translation: “David did not disobey anything that God commanded him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

100615:5w6djrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

This is a general way to refer to the situation with Uriah. It can be stated more clearly what this matter was. Alternate translation: “except for what he did to Uriah the Hittite” or “except when he caused Uriah the Hittite to be killed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

100715:6n25zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

These kings represent themselves and their armies. Rehoboam was Abijahs father. Alternate translation: “between the armies of Rehoboam and Jeroboam” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

100815:6c8zy0

“the whole time that Abijah lived”

100915:7sm1jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Abijah is in this other book. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 14:29. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

101015:7s4girc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone has written about this in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

101115:7yd6zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

The names “Abijah” and “Jeroboam” represent the kings and their armies. Alternate translation: “between the armies of Abijah and Jeroboam” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

101215:8p4ezrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

In this euphemism, sleeping represents dying. Alternate translation: “Abijah died as his ancestors had” or “Like his ancestors, Abaijah died” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

101315:8mnv2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Abijah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

101415:9s2q2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

This refers to the twentieth year of Jeroboams reign. Alternate translation: “After Jeroboam had been the king of Israel for almost twenty years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

101515:9ijk4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“In year 20” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

101615:10u261rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“41 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

101715:11yb2arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The eyes here represent seeing, and seeing represents judgment. Yahweh saw and approved of Asas actions. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh judges to be right” or “what Yahweh considers to be right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

101815:12vv3y0

This probably refers to prostitutes who were associated with idol worship and who were all men. Alternate translation: “religious prostitutes” or “the prostitutes who worked for idols” or “male prostitutes”

101915:13mg96rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Since Asa was king, he may have told his officials to cut down the figure. Alternate translation: “Asa caused the disgusting figure to be cut down” or “Asa made them cut down the disgusting figure” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

102015:14r4zrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “But Asa did not command the people to take away the high places” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

102115:14s4gjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

The heart represents the person. Alternate translation: “Asa was completely devoted” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

102215:14t6x30

“the whole time that he lived” or “throughout his whole life”

102315:16tn4rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

This refers to the entire time they reigned as kings. Alternate translation: “the whole time that they reigned over Judah and Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

102415:17n79t0

“attacked Judah”

102515:17sg29rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

It is implied that the army of Baasha first captured Ramah. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “captured and fortified Ramah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

102615:18b51erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Putting things in their hands represents giving those things to them. It is implied that they would do with it what he wanted them to do. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “He entrusted it to his servants” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

102715:18mgp9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

This means he spoke by means of his servants. Asa told his servants what to say to Ben Hadad and they did. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Asa told his servants to say to Ben Hadad” or “Through his servants, Asa said to Ben Hadad” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

102815:19k8circ://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

A covenant being between two people represents those two people having a covenant with each other. Alternate translation: “Let us have a covenant with each other” or “Let us make a peace treaty” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

102915:19jvl50

“As proof that I want a treaty with you, I”

103015:19rwr8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Breaking a covenant represents canceling it and not doing what one has promised to do. Alternate translation: “Cancel your covenant with Baasha king of Israel” or “Do not be loyal to Baasha king of Israel as you promised in your covenant with him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

103115:19j9mjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

Asa wanted Ben Hadad to attack Israel. Ben Hadad could only do that if he broke his covenant with the king of Israel. The meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Break your covenant with Baasha king of Israel, and attack Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

103215:21wf5g0

This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

103315:21n32wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

King Baasha did this by telling his workers to do this. Alternate translation: “he had his workers stop building up Ramah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

103415:21lb5i0

This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in 1 Kings 14:17.

103515:22gnh40

This can also be stated positively. Alternate translation: “Every one had to obey King Asas proclamation”

103615:23w5txrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Abijah is in this other book. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 14:29. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

103715:23w7szrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone has written about this in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

103815:24tq8erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Sleeping here is a euphemism which represents dying. Alternate translation: “Asa died as his ancestors had” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

103915:24fa26rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they buried him with his ancestors” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

104015:24u9jw0

The word “father” here refers to an ancestor. Alternate translation: “King David, his ancestor”

104115:25r4cj0

The rest of chapter 15 and 16 is about the kings of Israel. These events happened while King Asa of Judah was still alive.

104215:25y9r8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

This refers to the second year of Asas reign. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “when Asa had been king of Judah for almost two years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

104315:25thl70

“Nadab reigned over Israel two years”

104415:26cj46rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The sight of Yahweh represents Yahwehs judgment. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahwehs judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

104515:26f53frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Walking here represents behaving. Alternate translation: “did the same things that his father had done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

104615:26ebp9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Walking in his own sin represents sinning in ways that were different from the ways that his father had sinned. Alternate translation: “he sinned in his own ways” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

104715:26wr2arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Leading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: “and by sinning, he influenced Israel to sin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

104815:27uzg30

“secretly plotted to kill King Nadab”

104915:27p5qlrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

105015:27n1b5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

“The phrase “all Israel” is a generalization that represents the many soldiers of Israel. Alternate translation: “Nadab and the many soldiers of Israel” or “Nadab and the army of Israel” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

105115:27n3zg0

“were surrounding Gibbethon, so that the people of Gibbethon would surrender to them”

105215:28l1ajrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Nadab” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

105315:29vp7krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism0

These two sentences mean the same thing and are combined to emphasize his descendents were all killed. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

105415:29m6jg0

Jeroboam was King Nadabs father.

105515:29djq7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Breathing represents being alive. Alternate translation: “He left none of Jeroboams descendants living” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

105615:29zqy40

“Jeroboams royal line”

105715:29w2vx0

In 1 Kings 14:10 and 1 Kings 14:11 Yahweh spoke through his prophet Ahijah and told Jeroboam that he would destroy his family.

105815:29vmg90

“Ahijah, who was from Shiloh”

105915:30p24yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns0

The abstract noun “sins” can be expressed with the verb “sin.” Alternate translation: “because Jeroboam sinned and led Israel to sin in the same ways” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])

106015:30l8b6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Leading people to do something represents influencing them to do something. Alternate translation: “by which he influenced Israel to sin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

106115:31p7n1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Nadab is in this other book. See how you translated a similar phrase concerning Judah in 1 Kings 14:29. This rhetorical question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

106215:31i3dwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone has written about this in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

106315:32fnf6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

This refers to the whole period of time that they reign as kings. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 15:16 Alternate translation: “the whole time that they reigned over Judah and Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

106415:33u22f0

Starting in 1 Kings 15:27, the author told about how Baasha became king. Here the author begins to tell about what Baasha did as king of Israel.

106515:33qka70

This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in 1 Kings 14:17.

106615:34j9xvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The sight of Yahweh represents Yahwehs judgment. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahwehs judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

106715:34i9dhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Walking here represents behaving. Alternate translation: “did the same things that Jeroboam had done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

106815:34w9fq0

Possible meanings are that “his” and “he” refer to (1) Baasha or (2) Jeroboam.

106915:34yq78rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Leading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: “and by sinning, he influenced Israel to sin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

107016:introabcg0

1 Kings 16 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Incorrect worship

The prophet Jehu warned Baasha, king of Israel, that God would destroy his family for worshiping the idols. But Baasha did not change his ways; so Zimri murdered Baashas son and all his relatives. Then Omri killed Zimri. Omris son Ahab brought in the rain god Baal and his wife, the fertility goddess Ashtoreth, as the official religion of Israel. This was very evil. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])

107116:1kf7zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This idiom means God spoke. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:11. Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke his message” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

107216:2rjv30

This is Gods message that Jehu was to give to Baasha. The word “you” refers to Baasha.

107316:2pn3urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

“I raised you out of the dust.” Being in the dust on the ground represents not being important. Exalting someone represents making him important. Alternate translation: “I raised you from a very unimportant position” or “when you had no power or influence over people, I made you important” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

107416:2ygn2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Walking represents behaving. Jeroboam and Baasha both sinned. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “you have done the same things that Jeroboam did” or “you have sinned as Jeroboam sinned” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

107516:3lj8b0

Yahweh continues telling Baasha what he will do to him.

107616:3hht4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person0

Yahweh is speaking to Baasha, and the phrase “his family” refers to Baashas family. This can be translated using the words “you” and “your.” Alternate translation: “Listen, Baasha. I will completely sweep away you and your family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

107716:3v2qhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Sweeping away represents destroying. Alternate translation: “I will completely destroy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

107816:5t3j3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Baasha is in this other book. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 15:31. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

107916:5l8ggrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone has written about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

108016:6xf6irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Sleeping is a euphemism that represents dying. Alternate translation: “Baasha died as his ancestors had” or “Like his ancestors, Baasha died” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

108116:6fp23rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people buried him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

108216:6s4vm0

This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in 1 Kings 14:17.

108316:6wwv5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Baasha” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

108416:7u6cgrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:11. Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

108516:7q8l2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The sight of Yahweh represents Yahwehs judgment. Alternate translation: “all the things that Baasha that are evil in Yahwehs judgment” or “all the things that Baaha did that Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

108616:7cw1drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns0

The abstract noun “anger” can be expressed with the adjective “angry.” Alternate translation: “so as to make Yahweh very angry” or “that made God very angry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])

108716:7zvf1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

Here Basha is represented by his “hands.” This speaks of all of his actions as his “work.” Alternate translation: “by the things Baasha had done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

108816:8d1yz0

This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in 1 Kings 14:17.

108916:9v34c0

“Elahs servant Zimri”

109016:9vbl5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “chariots” here represents the soldiers who drove the chariots. Alternate translation: “captain of half his chariot drivers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

109116:9b7jvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “drinking so much wine that he was getting drunk” or “getting drunk” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

109216:9x8kjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Being over the household represents being in charge of the things in King Elahs house. Alternate translation: “who was in charge of the things in the Elahs house” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

109316:10zq6c0

“attacked and killed Elah”

109416:10ds8nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Elah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

109516:11t76c0

This means that he killed all the men and boys. Alternate translation: “He did not leave even one male alive”

109616:12ea4j0

“the message of Yahweh” or “Yahwehs message”

109716:12fqc5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

Speaking “by” a prophet represents telling a prophet to speak and the prophet speaking. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh told Jehu the prophet to speak against Baasha” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

109816:13n66krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Leading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: “they had influenced Israel to sin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

109916:13qs120

Here the word “Israel” refers to the ten northern tribes of Israel. Baasha and Elah had been their king.

110016:13xwa9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

God became angry with the people because they worshiped idols. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “they made Yahweh, the God of Israel, angry because they worshiped idols” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

110116:13ny8r0

Here the word “Israel” refers to all of the twelve tribes descended from Jacob.

110216:14ft5qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Elah is in this other book. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 15:31. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

110316:14bu87rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone has written about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

110416:15uz3t0

This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in 1 Kings 14:17.

110516:15r7bx0

The word “army” refers to the army of the kingdom of Israel.

110616:15ttm40

This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in 1 Kings 15:27.

110716:16aj11rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The soldiers who camped there heard someone say” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

110816:16vri9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

Both times this phrase is used, it represents the army of Israel. Here the word “all” is a generalization meaning “most.” Alternate translation: “all the army of Israel” or “most of the soldiers in the army of Israel” or “the army of Israel” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

110916:18zuq8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that Omri and the army had taken the city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

111016:19g6bsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The sight of Yahweh represents Yahwehs judgment. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahwehs judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

111116:19a7t3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Here walking represents behaving. Alternate translation: “doing the same things that Jeroboam had done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

111216:19ldy3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Leading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: “so as to influence Israel to sin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

111316:20i7girc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

This treason refers to Zimris plot to kill Elah, the king of Israel. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “how he plotted against King Elah” or “how he killed the king of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

111416:20b9u9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Zimri is in this other book. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. See how you translated a similar phrase concerning Judah in 1 Kings 14:29. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

111516:20ai9urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone has written about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

111616:21g8g1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Here “followed” represents supporting or wanting to make him king. Alternate translation: “supported Tibni son of Ginath, to make him king, and half supported Omri” or “wanted to make Tibni son of Ginath king, and half wanted to make Omri king” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

111716:22va8c0

“overpowered the people who followed Tibni”

111816:23g7150

This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in 1 Kings 14:17.

111916:24dcc7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

112016:24utw5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight0

You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “about 66 kilograms of silver” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])

112116:24gm4yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The word “He” refers to Omri. He commanded people to build the city. Alternate translation: “Omri had his people build a city” or “Omri commanded and his workers built a city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

112216:24mkr5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom that means “to honor Shemer” or “so that people would remember Shemer.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

112316:25q5vdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The sight of Yahweh represents Yahwehs judgment. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahwehs judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

112416:26qj4krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Walking represents behaving. Alternate translation: “did all the same things that Jeroboam son of Nebat did” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

112516:26ysn60

Possible meanings are that “his” and “he” refer to (1) Baasha or (2) Jeroboam.

112616:26kr8rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Possible meanings are walking in his sins represents (1) sinning as Jeroboam sinned. Alternate translation: “he sinned as Jeroboam sinned” or (2) or sinning habitually. Alternate translation: “he sinned habitually” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

112716:26fza30

Leading people to sin represents influencing them to sin. Alternate translation: “his sins, by which he influenced Israel to sin” or “and by sinning like this, he influenced people to sin.

112816:26yj3nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

God became angry with the people because they worshiped idols. See how you translated a similar phrase in 1 Kings 16:13. Alternate translation: “to make Yahweh, the God of Israel, angry because they worshiped worthless idols” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

112916:26w3zcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish0

The word “worthless” here reminds people that idols are worthless because they cannot do anything. Alternate translation: “their idols, which are worthless” or “their idols, which are useless” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])

113016:26nw910

Here the word “Israel” refers to all of the twelve tribes descended from Jacob.

113116:27zmg3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Omri is in this other book. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 15:31. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

113216:27rt47rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone has written about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

113316:28a9lerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The euphemism “sleeping” here represents dying. Alternate translation: “Omri died as his ancestors had” or “Like his ancestors, Omri died” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

113416:28gt7trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Omri” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

113516:30q8y5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The sight of Yahweh represents Yahwehs judgment. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahwehs judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

113616:31n5darc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

This implies that Ahab wanted to commit worse sins. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “It was as if Ahab thought that walking in the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat was not enough” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

113716:31va54rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom. The phrase “to Ahab” means that Ahab considered or thought something. Alternate translation: “Ahab considered it a trivial thing” or “Ahab thought that it was not enough” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

113816:31hhh60

“an insignificant thing” or “not enough”

113916:31ahs1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Walking in Jeroboams sins represents sinning as Jeroboam had sinned. Alternate translation: “to sin as Jeroboam son of Nebat had sinned” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

114016:31xc3mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism0

These two phrases mean the same thing. The phrase “bowed down to him” describes the posture that people used in worship. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

114116:33bu6m0

Here the word “Israel” refers to the nation of Israel, which consisted of twelve tribes.

114216:33vl7q0

Here the word “Israel” refers to the kingdom of Israel, which consisted of ten tribes.

114316:34f89krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The consequence of building the city is spoken of as if it were a cost that Hiel paid. Alternate translation: “and the consequence of his sin was that Abiram, his firstborn son, died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

114416:34ph6wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Dying is spoken of as if he lost his life. Alternate translation: “Segub, his youngest son, died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

114516:34zh2d0

“while Hiel was building the gates of the city”

114616:34be9n0

“according to the word of Yahweh”

114716:34lvt50

“the message of Yahweh” or “Yahwehs message”

114816:34zx6jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Speaking “by” someone represents both telling someone to speak and the person doing it. Alternate translation: “which Yahweh caused Joshua son of Nun to speak” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

114917:introabch0

1 Kings 17 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This is the beginning of the story of Elijah. (1 Kings 17 2 Kings 2)

Special concepts in this chapter

Baal worship

Ahab had introduced the worship of Baal, the god people thought brought rain, to Israel. Because of this, God caused a drought. Elijah told Ahab that it would not rain or dew until he, Elijah, said so. Elijah had to hide so Ahab would not kill him for bringing the drought. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])

115017:1brj9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a people group from Tishbe. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

115117:1q3t1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a town in the region of Gilead. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

115217:1ub3q0

This phrase is an oath to emphasize that what he will say is true.

115317:1zi1brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom that means “to serve.” Alternate translation: “whom I serve” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

115417:1ag4n0

drops of water that form on the plants during the night

115517:2tv69rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This idiom means God spoke. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:11. Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke his message” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

115617:3nq5erc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a very small stream. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

115717:4v8hk0

This phrase is used to introduce how Yahweh will take care of Elijah during the drought. Alternate translation: “There”

115817:4h5ywrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown0

large, black birds (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

115917:5vf5mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “the word” represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

116017:5a3bcrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a very small stream. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 17:2. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

116117:7tr8k0

“in that area” or “in that country”

116217:8jh2hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This idiom means God spoke. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:11. Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke his message” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

116317:8rd8p0

Here the word “him” refers to Elijah.

116417:9l4d5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is a town. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

116517:9cd5n0

“Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: I”

116617:12ve6z0

This phrase is an oath to emphasize that what she will say is true.

116717:12rx570

“only a little bit of meal”

116817:12y3lh0

“flour.” This what is used to make bread.

116917:12zu4d0

“Let me tell you what I am doing: I”

117017:12p5dbrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

This may refer to two sticks or to only a few sticks. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

117117:12b86lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

It is implied that they will die because they do not have anymore food. Alternate translation: “that we may eat. Afterwards, we will starve to death” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

117217:13ccq3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

It is implicit that there would be enough flour and oil to make more bread. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

117317:14pej5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom that means Yahweh causes it to rain. Alternate translation: “Yahweh causes rain to fall” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

117417:15vbj60

In the original language it says, “And she and he and her household ate for many days.” It is unclear who “he” is. Possible meanings are (1) Elijah, the widow, and her son ate for many days or (2) the widow, her son, and everyone living in her house ate for many days or (3) Elijah, the widow, and everyone living in her house ate for many days.

117517:15ziz70

Possible meanings for “household” are (1) this refers only to the widows son or (2) this refers to other people who live in her house but are not named in the story or (3) this refers to her son and others living in her house.

117617:16x364rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “word” represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “just as Yahweh had said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

117717:17bp540

“the son of the woman who owned the house”

117817:17g2eyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism0

This is a polite way of saying the boy died. Alternate translation: “he stopped breathing” or “he died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

117917:18a1dd0

The phrase “man of God” is another title for a prophet.

118017:18c2gxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun0

This means sins in general not a specific sin. Alternate translation: “of my sins” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])

118117:19a6d10

Here “he” refers to Elijah.

118217:19v27l0

Here “his” refers to Elijah.

118317:20q8bcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Possible meanings are (1) Elijah is truly asking a question. Alternate translation: “why would you cause the widow with whom I am staying to suffer even more by killing her son” or (2) Elijah uses a question to express how sad he is. Alternate translation: “surely, you would not cause the widow with whom I am staying to suffer even more by killing her son” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

118417:20lhy9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Causing the widow to suffer is spoken of as if “disaster” were an object that is placed on the widow. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

118517:20h37t0

Here “also” means in addition to the disaster that the drought has caused.

118617:21swr1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “lay on top of the child” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

118717:22h2wprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “voice” represents what Elijah prayed. Alternate translation: “Yahweh answered Elijahs prayer” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

118817:22nv6brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “the child came back to life” or “the child lived again” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

118917:23aut10

Here “his” refers to Elijah.

119017:23e1te0

The word “See” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.

119117:24m6ycrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

“the message of Yahweh in your mouth is true.” The word “mouth” represents what Elijah said. Alternate translation: “the message that you spoke from Yahweh is true” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

119218:introabci0

1 Kings 18 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The story of Elijah continues in this chapter.

Special concepts in this chapter

Baal

God proved himself to all the people of Israel. Elijah went to meet Ahab. He told Ahab to bring the 450 prophets of Baal and all the people to Mount Carmel. Then he proposed an experiment, which was carried out. The prophets of Baal took one bull, killed them, cut them up, and placed them on wood on an altar without lighting the fire. The prophets of Baal danced and prayed to Baal all morning and half the afternoon. After they were exhausted, Elijah built his altar and drenched it with water. Then he prayed. God answered his prayer with fire that burned up the sacrifice, the altar and the water. Then Elijah told the people to seize the prophets of Baal and kill them. After that, Elijah prayed for rain, and it rained very hard. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

Humor

Elijah insults the false god Baal. He states, “Perhaps he is thinking, or is relieving himself, or he is traveling on a journey, or perhaps he is sleeping and must be awakened.” Baal was too busy in the bathroom to answer the prophets. “Relieving himself” is a euphemism. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

119318:1l7swrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:11. Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke his word” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

119418:1q2by0

“cause rain to fall on the land”

119518:2lc7krc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background0

The word “now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the writer tells background information about how the famine had affected Samaria. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

119618:3c24p0

The word “Now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the writer tells about a new person in the story.

119718:4i9amrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“100 prophets and hid them in groups of 50” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

119818:5vpi8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. Alternate translation: “prevent the horses and mules from dying” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

119918:6izg5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

The phrase “by himself” emphasizes that Ahab and Obadiah went in separate directions, not necessarily that no one was with Ahab. Alternate translation: “Ahab lead a team in one direction and Obadiah lead a team in the other direction” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

120018:7qz9f0

Here the word “master” is used as a term of respect.

120118:8fu6g0

Here the word “master” refers to Ahab.

120218:8bil90

“Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: Elijah”

120318:9a65prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Obadiah asks this question to emphasize the danger to himself because of King Ahabs anger at Elijah. Alternate translation: “I have not wronged you … for him to kill me.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

120418:9ry4rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

“Hand” is metonymy for power and control. Alternate translation: “deliver your servant to Ahab” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

120518:9hmu90

Obadiah refers to himself as Elijahs servant in order to honor Elijah.

120618:10j1sm0

This is an oath used to emphasize that what he is saying is true.

120718:10n7bqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

Here “no nation or kingdom” is an exaggeration that means that men have traveled very far and gone to many places to find Elijah. This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “my master has sent men to nations and kingdoms near and far” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])

120818:11nlb60

This phrase is used to emphasize the danger in what Elijah is telling Obadiah to do.

120918:13zrj6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Surely you have been told about what I did … with bread and water!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

121018:13v2va0

Here the word “master” is a term of respect used to refer to Elijah.

121118:13u3gerc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“100 of Yahwehs prophets in groups of 50” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

121218:14h8670

See how you translated these words in 1 Kings 18:11.

121318:14sup20

Here “master” refers to King Ahab.

121418:15y5q40

This is an oath to emphasize that what he will say is true.

121518:15jrz6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

To “stand before” is an idiom for being in someones presence and ready to serve him. Alternate translation: “whom I serve” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

121618:16c9p20

“Obadiah told Ahab what Elijah had told him to say”

121718:17i2jyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Ahab asks the question for emphasis to be certain about Elijahs identity. Alternate translation: “So here you are. You are the troublemaker of Israel!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

121818:19gz7qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole0

This is a generalization to refer to the leaders and people who represent the ten tribes of the northern kingdom. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

121918:19n9nhrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“four hundred and fifty prophets” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

122018:19nzp4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“400 prophets” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

122118:20vwk2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

“Word” represents Ahabs message and is also a metonym for the messenger who delivered the message. This is a common statement used with the meaning understood. Alternate translation: “sent a message to … and gathered” or “sent a messenger to summon … to gather” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

122218:21v7v9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Elijah asks this question to urge the people to make a decision. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have been indecisive for long enough.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

122318:21na5a0

“did not say anything” or “were silent”

122418:22l1ig0

The word “I” is repeated for emphasis.

122518:22z9imrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“four hundred and fifty men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

122618:24fch4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

“Name” is metonymy for the reputation and honor of someone and “calling on” him represents an appeal. Alternate translation: “call to your god … call to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

122718:24i2cc0

“all the people said, This is a good thing to do.’”

122818:25b41u0

“make it ready to be sacrificed”

122918:25y7csrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you0

Here the word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

123018:26rj670

“The prophets of Baal took the bull”

123118:26n37trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the bull that someone gave them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

123218:26gs4drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism0

These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that there was no one to respond to the prayers of the false prophets. The word “voice” represents someone speaking. Alternate translation: “But Baal did not say or do anything” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

123318:27mi460

“Maybe he is thinking” or “It could be that he is thinking”

123418:27qb2grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism0

This euphemism is a more pleasant way to express a harsh statement. Elijah uses understatement to insult Baal with sarcasm. Alternate translation: “in the bathroom” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

123518:27pz9yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must awaken him” or “you must wake him up” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

123618:29sx2c0

“they continued their wild behavior.” Prophets often acted in ways that seemed unusual or even crazy. In this case they were calling on Baal while dancing, shouting loudly, and cutting themselves with knives.

123718:29d4cs0

“to offer the evening sacrifice”

123818:29h5cerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism0

These phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that no one responded to the prayers of the false prophets. Alternate translation: “but Baal did not say or do anything or even pay attention” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

123918:29lpf90

See how you translated this in 1 Kings 18:26.

124018:31n18frc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“12 stones” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

124118:32yy3lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

“Name” here is a metonym for honor and reputation. Possible meanings are (1) “to honor Yahweh” or (2) “with the authority of Yahweh.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

124218:32gh4y0

a small waterway to hold water

124318:32kp7zrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume0

A seah is a unit of volume equal to about 7.7 liters. Alternate translation: “about 15 liters of seeds” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])

124418:33m699rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis0

“On the altar” where he placed the wood is assumed in this sentence. Alternate translation: “He put the wood for a fire on the altar” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])

124518:33sh1grc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“4 jars” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

124618:33u4fl0

A jar is a container for water.

124718:35v15z0

See how you translated this in 1 Kings 18:30.

124818:36xs1m0

This phrase is used here to reference a significant and meaningful time of the day in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

124918:36ajj40

Here “Israel” is referring to Jacob. God changed Jacobs name to Israel (Genesis 32:28), and God named the nation of Jacobs descendants “Israel.”

125018:36xuh8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “make these people know today” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

125118:37url20

This phrase is repeated to emphasize the appeal of Elijah to Yahweh.

125218:37dq2urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

The peoples “heart” is a metonym for the affection and loyalty of the people. Alternate translation: “caused them to be loyal to you again” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

125318:38wf4a0

“the fire of Yahweh came down”

125418:38xyn4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification0

The fire is compared to a thirsty person drinking water. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])

125518:39z3jq0

This phrase is repeated for emphasis.

125618:41f9b60

“it sounds like it is going to rain a lot”

125718:42uvi20

This describes a posture used for praying.

125818:43cch7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

The word “seven” can be rendered as the numeral “7.” Alternate translation: “7 times” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

125918:44w1db0

From a long distance, the cloud could be covered from sight by a mans hand.

126018:45iv5m0

This phrase is used here to mark where a new step in the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

126118:46y3clrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here the word “hand” is a metonym for strength. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave his power to Elijah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

126218:46jqk40

Elijah wrapped his long robe around his waist so that his legs would be free for running.

126319:introabcj0

1 Kings 19 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The story of Elijah continues in this chapter.

Special concepts in this chapter

The queen was angry that Elijah had killed her prophets of Baal. She promised to kill Elijah. Elijah fled south into the desert south of Judah. He traveled on to Mount Horeb also known as Mount Sinai, the mountain of God. God asked him why he was there. He said he had come to Mount Horeb because Israel had deserted God, killed his prophets, and wanted to kill him. God sent him home to make Hazael the king of Aram, Jehu the king of Israel, and Elisha as the prophet in his place. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

126419:2s2y60

This is a comparison used as an emphatic oath. “May the gods kill me and do even more bad things”

126519:2sp3r0

“if I do not kill you like you killed those prophets”

126619:3hkc10

“he stood up”

126719:4nzy9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns0

The word “himself” is used to emphasize that he was alone. Alternate translation: “he walked by himself for a day” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])

126819:4za2urc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown0

A “broom tree” is a plant that grows in the desert. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

126919:4c1v20

“He prayed that he would die”

127019:4shx50

“These troubles are too much for me, Yahweh”

127119:6q2lfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “bread that someone had cooked on hot stones” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

127219:6hjt10

“a container of water”

127319:7ik820

“will be too difficult for you.”

127419:8j9yvrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“that food gave him energy to travel for 40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

127519:9br240

Here the word “there” refers to Mount Horeb. A cave is an opening in a mountainside that leads to a natural room or rooms underground.

127619:9j8iarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

The idiom “The word of Yahweh came to,” is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:11. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to him. He said, What” or “Yahweh spoke this message to him: What” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

127719:9nh7jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Yahweh asks this question to rebuke Elijah and to remind him of his duty. Alternate translation: “This is not where you should be, Elijah.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

127819:10zg3n0

Here the word “I” is repeated for emphasis.

127919:11i185rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

“Before me” here is an idiom for standing in front of someone. Alternate translation: “on the mountain in my presence” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

128019:13t1l20

“he covered his face with his cloak” A cloak is a long robe, a piece of clothing that covers the whole body.

128119:13ps2e0

“Then he heard a voice”

128219:13ht8c0

See how you translated this text in 1 Kings 19:9.

128319:14q17u0

See how you translated this text in 1 Kings 19:10.

128419:14d39a0

Here the word “I” is repeated for emphasis.

128519:16s3y30

“prophet instead of you”

128619:17be8f0

This phrase is used to introduce what will happen when Elijah does what Yahweh has told him to do. “What will happen is”

128719:17j4vprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

“Sword” is metonymy for killing as in battle. Alternate translation: “whomever Hazael does not kill with the sword” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

128819:18zix5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns0

Here the words “I” and “myself” refer to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “I will save from death” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])

128919:18jyx3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“7,000 people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

129019:18n188rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

“Bending down” and “kissing” are metonymies for actions people did to worship idols. They are combined for emphasis. Alternate translation: “who have not bowed down and kissed Baal” or “who have not worshiped Baal” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

129119:19iy4xrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

129219:19ddp6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“12 yoke of oxen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

129319:19m3gyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns0

The word “himself” indicates that Elisha was plowing with the last yoke, while other men were plowing with the other eleven yokes. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

129419:20jye90

The word “he” refers to Elisha.

129519:21s7a5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

Elisha gave the cooked meat to the people of his city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

129620:introabck0

1 Kings 20 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This is a story of two battles between Aram and Israel.

Special concepts in this chapter

Battle

God had chosen to defeat Ben Hadad, king of Aram. So when he attacked Samaria with a huge army, the tiny army of Israel defeated him. The people of Aram said that Yahweh was the god of the hills, but they could defeat Israel on the plains. So they came again but Israel defeated them again. Then Ben Hadad offered a peace plan and Ahab accepted. But God had wanted him to kill Ben Hadad and was angry at Ahab for making peace with him.

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Simile

There were so few Israel soldiers that they were “like two little flocks of goats.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

129720:1i4arrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

129820:1qfr1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“32 lesser kings” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

129920:1ai8j0

“kings ruling smaller groups of people”

130020:4d2xerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom to express agreement. Alternate translation: “I agree with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

130120:6xa8s0

“tomorrow at the same time of day that it is now”

130220:6r8parc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

Here the “eyes” represent the whole person and emphasize them looking at something and desiring it. Alternate translation: “whatever pleases them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

130320:7it6rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

“The land” represents all the people living there. Alternate translation: “of the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

130420:7aza4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

“Take note” here is an idiom to observe carefully. Alternate translation: “pay close attention to” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

130520:7fk6brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives0

This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “I have agreed to his demands” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])

130620:10q6wd0

This is an oath with great emphasis. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 19:2.

130720:10b77wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Ben Hadad is threatening that his army will totally destroy everything in Samaria. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

130820:11y7fkrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs0

This is an expression to give advice. “Putting on armor” is metonymy for getting prepared for battle. “Tell Ben Hadad, Do not boast as if you have already won a battle that you have not yet fought.’” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

130920:13f4sp0

The word “behold” alerts us to the sudden appearance of a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this.

131020:13up43rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Yahweh asks this question to emphasize the size and strength of Ben Hadads army. Alternate translation: “Look at this great army.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

131120:13xw3c0

The word “Look” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.

131220:13ci7brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “give you victory over that army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

131320:14ni9crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis0

Ahab leaves out the words will you do this Alternate translation: “By whom will you do this?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])

131420:15pgh10

“Ahab assembled the young officers”

131520:15ftl5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

131620:15w3bdrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“7,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

131720:16x62f0

Here the word “They” refers to the Israelite army.

131820:16ta310

See how you translated this in 1 Kings 20:1.

131920:17i5p4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “Scouts that Ben Hadad had sent out informed him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

132020:17ke290

A “scout” is a soldier sent to gather information about the enemy.

132120:18l7k4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis0

It is understood that Ben Hadad is speaking to his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Ben Hadad said to his soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])

132220:18hqg60

Here “they” and “them” refer to the Israelite army.

132320:19t1j40

“The young Israelite officers … the Israelite army followed”

132420:20e1jkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

“Israel” is synecdoche for all the soldiers of the nation of Israel. Alternate translation: “the men of the army of Israel pursued them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

132520:21k7xirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

“The king” is synecdoche for the king and all the soldiers serving under him. Alternate translation: “The king of Israel and his soldiers went out and attacked” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

132620:22b52irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

“Yourself” represents by metonymy the army of the king. Alternate translation: “strengthen your forces” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

132720:22g9f7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

These two words mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. Alternate translation: “determine” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

132820:22u4ju0

Possible meanings are (1) “in the springtime of next year” or (2) “at this time next year.”

132920:23kn8erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive0

The words “us” and “we” refer to the servants, the king, and the army all together. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])

133020:24alj20

“You must remove the thirty-two kings who are leading your troops”

133120:26ewh9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

133220:26h5flrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

“Israel” represents the army of Israel. Alternate translation: “to fight against the army of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

133320:27v3ffrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The Israelite army also gathered together, and the commanders gave the arms that they needed for the battle” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

133420:27jkv8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile0

This simile compares the Israelite army to two little flocks of goats. Alternate translation: “The Israelite army appeared to be small and weak like two flocks of goats” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

133520:28xgs10

This is another title for a prophet. Alternate translation: “a prophet”

133620:28xcf5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “give you victory over this great army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

133720:29cwx6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“7 days” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

133820:29g5mmrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“one hundred thousand” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

133920:29n4tu0

A “footman” is a soldier who marches on foot.

134020:30y5lerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis0

The expression “the rest” assumes the words “of the Aramean soldiers.” Alternate translation: “The rest of the Aramean soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])

134120:30b7gvrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

134220:30wi1irc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“27,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

134320:31z4q20

This emphasizes what they will say. Alternate translation: “Listen” or “Pay attention to what we are about to tell you”

134420:31gwi20

This was a sign of surrender.

134520:32b34frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Ahab asks this question to express surprise. Alternate translation: “I am surprised that he is still alive!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

134620:32ch6mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

“My brother” here is a metaphor for somebody who is a good friend. Alternate translation: “He is like a brother to me” or “He is like family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

134720:33y94a0

The word “Now” does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.

134820:33e1y4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

“Sign” is metonymy for an action that gives a meaning. Alternate translation: “for any action from Ahab that would show them that Ahab wanted to be merciful” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

134920:35d6wp0

“a member of the group of prophets”

135020:35pr9y0

“the message of Yahweh” or “Yahwehs message”

135120:36dy4nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

“The voice” is metonymy for what Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: “you have not obeyed Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

135220:39s9r60

The prophet refers to himself in the third person as a sign of respect to the king.

135320:39cn8zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

“Heat of the battle” here is an idiom to express the most intense and fierce fighting. Alternate translation: “to where the battle was most intense” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

135420:39t89k0

“you will die in his place”

135520:39n9m5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight0

A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “33 kilograms of silver” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])

135620:40q6dsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This is an idiom to represent being very busy and preoccupied. Alternate translation: “doing other things” or “doing this and that” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

135720:42f7ygrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here the word “hand” is metonymy for power. Alternate translation: “released” or “spared the life of” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

135820:42m59l0

“you will die in his place, and your people will die in the place of his people”

135921:introabcl0

1 Kings 21 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The story of Elijah continues in this chapter.

Special concepts in this chapter

God hates oppression but is forgiving to people who are sorry for their sins. Ahab wanted Naboths vineyard to make into a garden for his palace, but Naboth refused to sell it. So the queen, Ahabs wife, told the civic leaders of Naboths town to falsely accuse him and execute him. Elijah told Ahab that he would be killed in Naboths vineyard and all his family destroyed. Ahab repented and showed he was very sorry for what he did, so God said it would not happen to Ahab himself but to his son. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]], [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])

136021:1j692rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent0

This phrase marks the beginning of a new part of the story and indicates that these events happened later, not that Naboth owned the vineyard later. If your language has a way marking the beginning of a new part of a story, you could consider using it here. Alternate translation: “Now this is what happened later” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

136121:1d4gfrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

This is the name of a man from Jezreel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

136221:1pe6grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

“Samaria” was the capital city of the kingdom of Israel and here represents the entire nation. Alternate translation: “king of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

136321:3p9pbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

This phrase is an oath that emphasizes that what follows will not happen. Alternate translation: “Because Yahweh forbids it, I will never give” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

136421:3sg9urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The land that his ancestors received as a permanent possession is spoken of as if it were an inheritance. Alternate translation: “give to you the land that my ancestors received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

136521:5ib4erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

Here “heart” refers to the entire person and his emotions. Alternate translation: “Why are you so sad” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

136621:7k6fdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Jezebel uses this negative rhetorical question to rebuke Ahab. It can be translated as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “You still rule the kingdom of Israel!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

136721:7u9rkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

Here “heart” refers to the entire person and his emotions. Alternate translation: “be happy” or “cheer up” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

136821:8m5eyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Possible meanings are (1) she wrote Ahabs name on the letters. Alternate translation: “wrote letters and signed them with Ahabs name” or (2) the word “name” is a metonym for authority. Alternate translation: “wrote letters on behalf of Ahab” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

136921:8ltl3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj0

The word “wealthy” refers to wealthy people. Alternate translation: “the wealthy people who sat with Naboth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])

137021:9p5n4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Having Naboth sit in a place of honor is spoken of as if it were having him sit above the rest of the people who were present. Alternate translation: “have Naboth sit in a place of honor among the people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

137121:10l62b0

“have them accuse him”

137221:11c93grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj0

The word “wealthy” refers to wealthy people. Alternate translation: “the wealthy people who lived in Naboths city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])

137321:11r1kvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “as she had written in the letters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

137421:12c24drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Having Naboth sit in a place of honor is spoken of as if it were having him sit above the rest of the people who were present. See how you translated this idea in 1 Kings 21:9. Alternate translation: “had Naboth sit in a place of honor among the people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

137521:13xj2k0

“sat in front of Naboth”

137621:13zia20

Here the word “they” refers to the people of the city.

137721:14cm8qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “We have stoned Naboth and he is dead” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

137821:15bnj9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the people had stoned Naboth and he was dead” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

137921:15m7brrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize Jezebels statement. Alternate translation: “Naboth is dead!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

138021:17t1mbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This idiom means that Yahweh spoke or has sent a message. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:11. Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

138121:19rh87rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Yahweh asks this question to scold Ahab. Alternate translation: “You have killed Naboth and stolen his vineyard!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

138221:19w2qz0

This is repeated for emphasis.

138321:20lpq5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Ahab uses this question to express anger toward Elijah. That Elijah “found” Ahab likely refers to Elijah discovering Ahabs actions, not to finding his physical location. Alternate translation: “You have found me, my enemy!” or “You have discovered what I have done, my enemy!” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

138421:20sx2zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

A person being committed to doing what is evil is spoken of as if that person had sold himself to evil. Alternate translation: “you have dedicated yourself to doing what is evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

138521:20wi8jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The phrase, “in the sight of” refers to someones opinion. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 11:6. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

138621:21f2w50

“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”

138721:21clc4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Yahweh speaks of destroying Ahabs family and preventing him from having any decedents as if he were consuming these people like a fire would consume them, and cutting them off as one would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “destroy every one of your male children in Israel, whether slave or free” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

138821:22d8kb0

Yahweh will destroy Ahabs family like he destroyed the families of Jeroboam and Baasha.

138921:24rcg10

“Anyone who belongs to Ahabs family”

139021:25m85zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

A person being committed to doing what is evil is spoken of as if that person had sold himself to evil. See how you translated this idea in 1 Kings 21:20. Alternate translation: “who dedicated himself to doing what was evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

139121:25rh8urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The phrase, “in the sight of” refers to someones opinion. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 11:6. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

139221:26cz5wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

Here “Israel” refers to all twelve tribes of Israel and not just to the northern kingdom. Alternate translation: “removed from the presence of the people of Israel” or “drove out of the land before the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

139321:28lq1trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

This idiom means that Yahweh spoke or has sent a message. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:11. Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

139421:29hf8krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

God uses this question to show Elijah that Ahabs sorrow is genuine. Alternate translation: “I have seen how Ahab humbles himself before me.” or “Look at how Ahab humbles himself before me.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

139521:29cf9j0

“during his lifetime … during his sons lifetime”

139622:introabcm0

1 Kings 22 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This is the end of the story of Ahab and a continuation of the story of Elijah as he had predicted Ahabs death and the dogs licking his blood.

Special concepts in this chapter

When God has decided a person will die, then they cannot avoid death. Ahab persuaded Jehoshaphat, king of Judah to help him in a battle against the army of Aram. Ahabs false prophets all told him to go because he would be successful. But a randomly shot arrow hit him and he bled to death. They washed his chariot at the pool and the dogs licked up his blood, just as Elijah had said they would. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

“However, the shrines were still not taken away. The people were still sacrificing and burning incense at the shrines.”

At the shrines, the people worshiped Yahweh. But later, during Hezekiahs reign it was decided that all sacrifices must be made only at the temple. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])

139722:1hhf8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“3 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

139822:2d41e0

This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

139922:3nn96rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Ahab asks this question to emphasize that they should have already recaptured Ramoth Gilead. Alternate translation: “Ramoth Gilead is ours, but we have done nothing yet to take it from the hand of the king of Aram.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

140022:3dn17rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “to take it from the control of the king of Aram” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

140122:4wr99rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom0

Jehoshaphat tells Ahab that he, his people, and his horses belong to Ahab, meaning that Ahab can command them as he pleases. Alternate translation: “I, my soldiers, and my horses are yours to use in any way you want” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

140222:6jtc3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“400 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

140322:6z1lrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “for the Lord will allow the king to capture Ramoth Gilead” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

140422:8ryn8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person0

Jehoshaphat refers to Ahab in the third person to show respect for him. Alternate translation: “You should not say that” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

140522:11q3wp0

“made iron horns for himself”

140622:11z3iyrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction0

The prophets actions are a symbolic metaphor that illustrates the way that Ahab would defeat the Arameans. Ahabs army will win with great strength, as a bull attacks another animal. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

140722:11lyv3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Destroying an enemy army is spoken of as if it were consuming them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until you consume them” or “until you destroy them” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

140822:12yq7hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “allowed the king to capture it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

140922:13n4rn0

“Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”

141022:13p99wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

The prophets all saying the same thing is spoken of as if they all spoke with the same mouth. Alternate translation: “the prophets all declare the same good things to the king” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

141122:13mzz9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

Here the word “them” refers to “the words of the prophets.” Alternate translation: “let what you say agree with what they have said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

141222:15f1wdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive0

The word “we” refers to Ahab, Jehoshaphat, and their armies but not to Micaiah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])

141322:15qtv9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “will allow the king to capture it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

141422:16pk5trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Ahab asks this question out of frustration to rebuke Micaiah. Alternate translation: “Many times I have required … in the name of Yahweh.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

141522:16mg9prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here the word “name” refers to authority. Alternate translation: “as the representative of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

141622:17c1dirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

Here “all Israel” refers to the army of Israel. Alternate translation: “I saw the entire army of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

141722:17wa5prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile0

The people of the army are compared to sheep that have no one to lead them because their shepherd, the king, has died. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

141822:17ql8mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Yahweh speaks of the king as if he were a shepherd. Just like a shepherd is responsible to care for and protect his sheep, the king is responsible to lead and protect his people. Alternate translation: “These people no longer have a leader” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

141922:18h4murc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Ahab asks this question to emphasize that he had spoken the truth about Micaiah. Alternate translation: “I told you … but only disaster!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

142022:20q5jsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Ahab dying in battle is spoken of as if he will fall. Alternate translation: “die at Ramoth Gilead” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

142122:20zk2g0

“One … and another” refers to two or more angels in the heavenly host who were responding to Yahwehs question in the previous verse.

142222:22q6fyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here the word “spirit” refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words “the mouth” represents what they will say. Alternate translation: “cause all his prophets to speak lies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

142322:23i9ww0

“pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important”

142422:23ty8prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here the word “spirit” refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words “the mouth” represents what they will say. Alternate translation: “has caused all of your prophets to speak lies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

142522:24d3plrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

Zedekiah asks this sarcastic question to insult and rebuke Micaiah. Alternate translation: “Do not think that Yahwehs Spirit left me to speak to you!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

142622:25v6m50

“Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”

142722:25y5wfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit0

“you will know the answer to your question.” If Zedekiahs rhetorical question is translated as a statement, this phrase may be translated to supply implicit information. Alternate translation: “you will know that the Spirit of Yahweh has spoken to me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

142822:28jk7jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo0

This describes something that would not happen. Yahweh had already told Micaiah that the king would not return safely. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])

142922:29riq8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche0

Here the kings represent themselves accompanied by their armies. Alternate translation: “Ahab, the king of Israel, and Jehoshaphat, the king of Judah led their armies up” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

143022:30r8ev0

This means to change the usual appearance so as not to be identified.

143122:31whp5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“32 captains” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

143222:31faj9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism0

By mentioning both “unimportant” and “important soldiers,” the king meant all soldiers. Alternate translation: “Do not attack any of the soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

143322:32bl440

This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

143422:34zl680

Possible meanings are (1) he took aim to shoot a soldier without knowing that it was Ahab or (2) he drew his bow to shoot without any specific target in mind.

143522:35yt1grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone held the king up in his chariot” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

143622:36q7gsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “a cry” represents the soldiers who were shouting. Alternate translation: “soldiers began to shout” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

143722:36n2prrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

143822:37kt8trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “his soldiers brought his body to Samaria” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

143922:37g7u20

“people buried him”

144022:38hl13rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy0

Here “the word of Yahweh” represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “just as Yahweh had declared” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

144122:39wgg6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 15:31. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” or “you can read them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

144222:40qin8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Ahab dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 2:10. Alternate translation: “died” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

144322:42da6src://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“35 years old” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

144422:42b42yrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“25 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

144522:43v7yerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

A persons behavior is spoken of as if that person walked along a path. Alternate translation: “He did the same things that Asa, his father, had done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

144622:43k4jerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Here “eyes” represents seeing and Yahwehs opinion is spoken of as if he were able to see something. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considered to be right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

144722:43ru9src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he did not take away the high places” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

144822:45e4afrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 14:29. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” or “you can read them in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

144922:48m82hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the ships wrecked” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

145022:50l7pfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Jehoshaphat dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 2:10. Alternate translation: “died” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

145122:50xx4mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive0

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people buried him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

145222:51kle7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

“he reigned 2 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

145322:52t21src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

Yahwehs opinion regarding something is spoken of as if Yahweh were seeing that thing. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

145422:52l67zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

A persons behavior is spoken of as if that person were walking along a path. Alternate translation: “did the same things that his father, mother, and Jeroboam son of Nebat had done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

145522:52r34u0

Here the word “Israel” refers to the ten northern tribes that made up the kingdom of Israel.

145622:53als8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet0

The words “served” and “worshiped” mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

145722:53j7lm0

Here the word “Israel” refers to all of the twelve tribes descended from Jacob.