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After hundreds of years
This begins a new event. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent)
Israelites
"Israelite People" or "people of Israel" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names)
Egyptians
"Egyptian People" or "people of Egypt" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names)
because there were so many of them
The connecting word "Because" connects the action of the Egyptians being afraid with the reason—there were so many Isrealites. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result)
Pharaoh
“Pharaoh” is an Egyptian word that refers to their king. This Pharaoh was probably the son of a former Pharaoh who had died, who may have been a descendant of the Pharaoh that Joseph knew.
who was ruling Egypt at that time
This is background information about the ruler who was Pharaoh at that time. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background)
made the Israelites slaves
That is, “forced the Israelites to do hard labor against their will and treated them very harshly.”