ml_tn/tn_JOS.tsv

1	Reference	ID	Tags	SupportReference	Quote	Occurrence	Note
2	front:intro	syt5				0	Introduction to Joshua Part 1: General Introduction Outline of the Book of Joshua Conquest of the land of Canaan (1:1–12:24) Preparation for conquest; spies; crossing the Jordan River (1:1–5:1) Ceremonies at Gilgal; conquest of Jericho and Ai (5:2–8:29) The covenant affirmed at Shechem (8:30–35) Southern and central campaigns; northern campaigns (9:1–12:24) Settlement in the Promised Land; division of the land (13:1–22:34) Joshua’s final days (23:1–24:33) What is the Book of Joshua about? The Book of Joshua is about the Israelites entering and occupying the Promised Land. Joshua was the leader that replaced Moses. He led the Israelites as they fought the people living in the Promised Land. This book also tells how the Israelites divided the land among the twelve tribes. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) How should the title of this book be translated? This book traditionally has the title “Joshua” because Joshua leads the people of Israel after Moses dies. Translators may create a title such as “The Book About When Joshua Led Israel.” Translators should avoid a title that suggests Joshua as the writer of the book. Who wrote the Book of Joshua? The book does not tell who wrote it. However, some verses in the book indicate that Joshua may have written at least part of it. Since ancient times, Jews have thought that Joshua wrote most of the book. Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts How does the Book of Joshua present the cause of historical events? In the ancient Near East, people assumed that gods caused world events to happen in a certain way. The Book of Joshua has some similarities with this view, but there are important differences. The events in the Book of Joshua occurred because Yahweh promised the Israelites that he would give them the Promised Land. What happened also depended on whether or not the Israelites obeyed Yahweh. Part 3: Important Translation Issues What does the phrase “to this day” mean? This phrase was used by the writer to refer to the time when he was writing. The translator should be aware that “to this day” refers to a time already passed. He must avoid giving the impression to readers that “to this day” means “to the present day.” The translator might decide to say “to this day, at the time when this was being written,” or “to this day, at the time of writing.” This Hebrew phrase occurs in Joshua 4:9; 6:25; 7:26; 8:28, 29; 10:27; 13:13; 14:14; 15:63; 16:10. What does the phrase “all Israel” mean? This phrase appears many times in the Book of Joshua, but it does not always mean every person in the nation of Israel. At times it means the Israelite army. At other times it means the representatives of the twelve tribes of Israel. In still other passages, it probably means a large number of the people in the nation of Israel. When should Joshua be translated? The Book of Joshua should probably not be translated before Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. This is because the historical events of Joshua will not be understood without the information in these previous books.
3	1:intro	r7gc				0	Joshua 01 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter appears to be a natural continuation of the book of Deuteronomy. Special concepts in this chapter Be strong and Courageous Joshua is often told, “Be strong and courageous.” This repeated encouragement is on purpose and may indicate Joshua will need help in the future.
4	1:1	s8u5			יְהוָ֑ה	1	This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
5	1:1	eka2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	נ֔וּן	1	Joshua’s father (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
6	1:2	le23		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	עֲבֹ֜ר אֶת־הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֣ן הַ⁠זֶּ֗ה	1	To “cross over” means “go to the opposite bank of the river.” Alternate translation: “travel from this side to the opposite side of the Jordan” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
7	1:2	vix4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	אַתָּה֙ וְ⁠כָל־הָ⁠עָ֣ם הַ⁠זֶּ֔ה	1	The word “you” here refers to Joshua. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
8	1:3	v1l7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture	כָּל־מָק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֨ר תִּדְרֹ֧ךְ כַּֽף־רַגְלְ⁠כֶ֛ם בּ֖⁠וֹ לָ⁠כֶ֣ם נְתַתִּ֑י⁠ו	1	God giving the land to the Israelites in the future is spoken of as if he gave it to them in the past. This emphasizes that he will certainly give it to them. Alternate translation: “I will give to you every place” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
9	1:3	xjc9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	בּ֖⁠וֹ לָ⁠כֶ֣ם נְתַתִּ֑י⁠ו	1	The word “you” refers to both Joshua and the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
10	1:3	t94e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	כָּל־מָק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֨ר תִּדְרֹ֧ךְ כַּֽף־רַגְלְ⁠כֶ֛ם	1	This refers to all the places Joshua and the Israelites will travel when they cross the Jordan River. Alternate translation: “everywhere you go in this land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
11	1:4	wl7a				0	Yahweh continues speaking to Joshua.
12	1:4	nbe3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	גְּבוּלְ⁠כֶֽם	1	The word “your” refers to the tribes of Israel and not only Joshua. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
13	1:5	w48w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	יִתְיַצֵּ֥ב & לְ⁠פָנֶ֔י⁠ךָ	1	In verse 5 the words “you” and “your” refer to Joshua. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
14	1:5	iq2e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	לֹ֥א אַרְפְּ⁠ךָ֖ וְ⁠לֹ֥א אֶעֶזְבֶֽ⁠ךָּ	1	The words “abandon” and “leave” mean basically the same thing. Yahweh combines them to emphasize that he will not do these things. Alternate translation: “I will certainly stay with you always” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
15	1:6	a5yc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative		0	Yahweh gives Joshua a series of commands. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
16	1:6	gn34		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative	חֲזַ֖ק וֶ⁠אֱמָ֑ץ	1	Yahweh commands Joshua to overcome his fears with courage. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
17	1:7	db9m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative	אַל־תָּס֥וּר מִמֶּ֖⁠נּוּ יָמִ֣ין וּ⁠שְׂמֹ֑אול	1	This can be stated as a positive command. Alternate translation: “Follow it exactly” or “Follow them exactly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
18	1:7	jy5x			תַּשְׂכִּ֔יל	1	“achieve your goal” or “reach your goal”
19	1:8	t4mz				0	Yahweh continues speaking to Joshua.
20	1:8	lcs7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	תַּצְלִ֥יחַ אֶת־דְּרָכֶ֖⁠ךָ וְ⁠אָ֥ז תַּשְׂכִּֽיל	1	These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize great prosperity. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
21	1:9	vt4l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	הֲ⁠ל֤וֹא צִוִּיתִ֨י⁠ךָ֙	1	This refers to Yahweh commanding Joshua. Alternate translation: “I have commanded you!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
22	1:9	fnz8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative	חֲזַ֣ק וֶ⁠אֱמָ֔ץ	1	Yahweh is commanding Joshua. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
23	1:10	b59x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	הָ⁠עָ֖ם	1	This refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
24	1:11	f3rg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes	עִבְר֣וּ׀ בְּ⁠קֶ֣רֶב הַֽ⁠מַּחֲנֶ֗ה וְ⁠צַוּ֤וּ אֶת־הָ⁠עָם֙ לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר הָכִ֥ינוּ לָ⁠כֶ֖ם צֵידָ֑ה כִּ֞י בְּ⁠ע֣וֹד׀ שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֗ים אַתֶּם֙ עֹֽבְרִים֙ אֶת־הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֣ן הַ⁠זֶּ֔ה לָ⁠בוֹא֙ לָ⁠רֶ֣שֶׁת אֶת־הָ⁠אָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵי⁠כֶ֔ם נֹתֵ֥ן לָ⁠כֶ֖ם לְ⁠רִשְׁתָּֽ⁠הּ	1	Embedded quotes can be expressed as indirect quotes. Alternate translation: “Go through the camp and command the people to prepare provisions for themselves. In three days they will cross over this Jordan and go in and possess the land that Yahweh their God is giving them to possess.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
25	1:11	ck8h			בְּ⁠ע֣וֹד׀ שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֗ים	1	Here Joshua was counting his present day as day one. Alternate translation: “Two days from now” or “On the day after tomorrow”
26	1:11	wg1e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	עֹֽבְרִים֙ אֶת־הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֣ן	1	“cross over” refers to going to the opposite side of the river. Alternate translation: “travel to the other side of the Jordan River” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
27	1:12	uji6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit		0	The tribes of Reuben, Gad and half of the tribe of Manasseh chose to settle east of the Jordan River. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
28	1:12	fx7h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠לָ⁠רֽאוּבֵנִי֙	1	These were the descendants of Reuben. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
29	1:12	z8vh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠לַ⁠גָּדִ֔י	1	These were the decendants of Gad. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
30	1:14	mm4q				0	Joshua continues speaking to the Reubenites, Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh.
31	1:14	tf68			טַפְּ⁠כֶם֮	1	“your little children”
32	1:14	fb4d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	בְּ⁠עֵ֣בֶר הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֑ן	1	This refers to the east side of the Jordan River. Later most of the Israelites would live west of the Jordan, so they called the east side “beyond the Jordan.” But at this time they were all still on the east side. Alternate translation: “east of the Jordan River” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
33	1:15	b5yt		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	אֲשֶׁר־יָנִ֨יחַ & לַֽ⁠אֲחֵי⁠כֶם֮	1	This refers to Israel defeating all their enemies residing in Canaan that they were to conquer. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
34	1:15	g4ez			וְ⁠שַׁבְתֶּ֞ם לְ⁠אֶ֤רֶץ יְרֻשַּׁתְ⁠כֶם֙ וִֽ⁠ירִשְׁתֶּ֣ם	1	This refers to living out their life on the land in peace.
35	1:15	rrj2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	בְּ⁠עֵ֥בֶר הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֖ן מִזְרַ֥ח הַ⁠שָּֽׁמֶשׁ	1	This refers to the east side of the Jordan river. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
36	1:16	c7t9				0	These Isrelites were specifically the Reubenites, Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh that replied to Joshua.
37	1:18	rel4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	יַמְרֶ֣ה אֶת־פִּ֗י⁠ךָ וְ⁠לֹֽא־יִשְׁמַ֧ע אֶת־דְּבָרֶ֛י⁠ךָ	1	These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that any form of disobedience will be punished. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
38	1:18	lbc3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	יוּמָ֑ת	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we will put to death” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
39	1:18	zez7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	חֲזַ֥ק וֶ⁠אֱמָֽץ	1	Israel and God considered both traits important for Joshua to pursue as their leader. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
40	2:intro	vg4m				0	Joshua 02 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter begins the story of the conquest of the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) Special concepts in this chapter Rahab’s faith Rahab expressed her faith in Yahweh. The statement “for Yahweh your God, he is God in heaven above and on the earth below” is a recognition of her faith. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Metaphor The Israelites were to completely destroy the evil Canaanites. They are compared to melting snow: “ … melting away because of us.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
41	2:1	ig8n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	נ֠וּן	1	This is Joshua’s father. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
42	2:1	w886		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הַ⁠שִּׁטִּ֞ים	1	This is the name of a place on the east side of the Jordan River. It means “Acacia Trees.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
43	2:1	z78b			מְרַגְּלִים֙	1	These men were to visit the land to gain information on how Israel should conquer the land.
44	2:4	k613				0	Rahab the prostitute protects the two Israelite spies from harm.
45	2:4	l15y			וַ⁠תִּקַּ֧ח הָֽ⁠אִשָּׁ֛ה אֶת־שְׁנֵ֥י הָ⁠אֲנָשִׁ֖ים וַֽ⁠תִּצְפְּנ֑⁠וֹ	1	This happened before the king’s messenger spoke to her.
46	2:4	am3m			הָֽ⁠אִשָּׁ֛ה	1	This refers to Rahab, the prostitute.
47	2:5	j3x6			בַּ⁠חֹ֨שֶׁךְ֙	1	This is the time that day begins to change to the darkness of night.
48	2:6	l5zb		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	וְ⁠הִ֖יא הֶעֱלָ֣תַ⁠ם הַ⁠גָּ֑גָ⁠ה וַֽ⁠תִּטְמְנֵ⁠ם֙ בְּ⁠פִשְׁתֵּ֣י הָ⁠עֵ֔ץ הָ⁠עֲרֻכ֥וֹת לָ֖⁠הּ עַל־הַ⁠גָּֽג	1	This is background information and explains how she had hidden the men in Joshua 2:4. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
49	2:6	st56			הַ⁠גָּ֑גָ⁠ה	1	The roof was flat and strong, so people could walk around on it.
50	2:6	b99c			בְּ⁠פִשְׁתֵּ֣י	1	a plant that is grown for its fibers, which is used in making cloth
51	2:7	kdj3			וְ⁠הָ⁠אֲנָשִׁ֗ים רָדְפ֤וּ אַֽחֲרֵי⁠הֶם֙	1	The men pursued the spies because of what Rahab had told them in Joshua 2:5.
52	2:7	p4sx			הַֽ⁠מַּעְבְּר֑וֹת	1	places where a river or other body of water is shallow enough for people to get to the other side by walking through it
53	2:8	ds5e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	טֶ֣רֶם יִשְׁכָּב֑וּ⁠ן	1	This refers to going to sleep for the night. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
54	2:9	t8zy		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	יָדַ֕עְתִּי כִּֽי־נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה לָ⁠כֶ֖ם אֶת־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ	1	The word “you” refers to the all the Israelite people. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
55	2:9	xr6a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	נָפְלָ֤ה אֵֽימַתְ⁠כֶם֙ עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ	1	Becoming afraid is spoken of as if feat came and attacked them. Alternate translation: “we have become afraid of you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
56	2:9	u74z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	נָמֹ֛גוּ & מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠כֶֽם	1	This compares the fearful people to ice melting and flowing away. Possible meanings are 1) they will be weak in the Israelites’ presence or 2) they will be scattered. Alternate translation: “will be so afraid that they will not resist you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
57	2:10	m3e1				0	Rahab continues to talk to the Israelite spies.
58	2:10	bcm2			יַם־סוּף֙	1	This is another name for the Red Sea.
59	2:10	c6i6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	לְ⁠סִיחֹ֣ן וּ⁠לְ⁠ע֔וֹג	1	These are the names of the Amorite kings. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
60	2:11	qx6v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	וַ⁠יִּמַּ֣ס לְבָבֵ֔⁠נוּ וְ⁠לֹא־קָ֨מָה ע֥וֹד ר֛וּחַ בְּ⁠אִ֖ישׁ	1	These two phrases share similar meanings, combined for emphasis. The phrase “our hearts melted” compares the hearts of the fearful people of Jericho to ice melting and flowing away. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
61	2:12	j6sz				0	Rahab continues to talk to the Israelite spies.
62	2:12	nmi4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	הִשָּֽׁבְעוּ־נָ֥א לִ⁠י֙ & וּ⁠נְתַתֶּ֥ם לִ֖⁠י א֥וֹת אֱמֶֽת	1	These are similar statements of Rahab seeking assurance from the spies. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
63	2:12	nh3t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	עָשִׂ֥יתִי עִמָּ⁠כֶ֖ם חָ֑סֶד	1	The word “you” refers to the two spies. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
64	2:13	m6i6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	וְ⁠הַחֲיִתֶ֞ם אֶת־ & וְ⁠הִצַּלְתֶּ֥ם אֶת־נַפְשֹׁתֵ֖י⁠נוּ מִ⁠מָּֽוֶת	1	a polite way of saying “do not to kill us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
65	2:14	ji8q				0	The Israelite spies make the promise which Rahab asked for in Joshua 2:12
66	2:14	yb7i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	נַפְשֵׁ֤⁠נוּ תַחְתֵּי⁠כֶם֙ לָ⁠מ֔וּת	1	This idiom is a way of swearing and asking God to curse them if they do not keep their promise. Alternate translation: “If we do not do what we promise, may Yahweh cause us to die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
67	2:15	b3dr				0	The Israelite spies continue to talk to Rahab.
68	2:17	dmh8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo		1	This expresses a condition for the promise the spies had made to Rahab. The word, “this,” refers to “tie this scarlet rope in the window” in Joshua 2:18. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
69	2:18	e4iw				0	The Israelite spies continue talking to Rahab.
70	2:18	x2n8				0	The Israelite spies clarify the condition they expressed in Joshua 2:15.
71	2:19	vdc9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	כֹּ֣ל אֲשֶׁר־יֵצֵא֩ מִ⁠דַּלְתֵ֨י	1	This phrase expresses a condition, creating a hypothetical situation. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
72	2:19	k27w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	דָּמ֥⁠וֹ בְ⁠רֹאשׁ֖⁠וֹ	1	Here “blood” represents a person’s death. To be responsible for their own death is spoken of as if their blood would be on their heads. Alternate translation: “their death will be their own fault” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
73	2:19	m728			וַ⁠אֲנַ֣חְנוּ נְקִיִּ֑ם	1	“we will be innocent”
74	2:19	qg47		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	אִם־יָ֖ד תִּֽהְיֶה־בּֽ⁠וֹ	1	Here “a hand is laid upon” is a polite way of referring to causing someone injury. Alternate translation: “if we cause injury to any” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
75	2:20	ew4z				0	The two Israelite spies continue to speak to Rahab about their promise to her. The spies required Rahab to remain silent about their visit or they would be free from their oath to protect her family.
76	2:20	e659		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	וְ⁠אִם־תַּגִּ֖ידִי	1	“You” refers to Rahab. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
77	2:21	uxw6			כְּ⁠דִבְרֵי⁠כֶ֣ם כֶּן	1	Rahab agreed to their terms of the oath to protect her family.
78	2:22	gjr5				0	The two Israelites spies leave Jericho.
79	2:22	a2i7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	שָׁ֖בוּ הָ⁠רֹדְפִ֑ים	1	It may be helpful to say they returned to Jericho. Alternate translation: “their pursuers returned to the city of Jericho” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
80	2:22	y2rj			וְ⁠לֹ֥א מָצָֽאוּ	1	This refers to the men not finding the spies.
81	2:23	zps9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	וַ⁠יָּשֻׁ֜בוּ שְׁנֵ֤י הָֽ⁠אֲנָשִׁים֙	1	The two men returned back to the Israelite’s camp. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
82	2:23	y6et		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	וַ⁠יָּשֻׁ֜בוּ & וַ⁠יֵּרְד֣וּ & וַ⁠יַּעַבְרוּ֙ וַ⁠יָּבֹ֔אוּ	1	These are similar expressions referring to returning to where the Israelite’s are camped. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
83	2:23	u3is		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וַ⁠יַּעַבְרוּ֙	1	“cross over” means to go to the opposite bank of the river. Alternate translation: “traveled from this side to the opposite side of the Jordan” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
84	2:23	i2bk		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	נ֑וּן	1	This is a male name; the father of Joshua. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
85	2:23	cv1w			אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַ⁠מֹּצְא֖וֹת אוֹתָֽ⁠ם	1	“all that the men had experienced and seen.”
86	2:24	rk66			בְּ⁠יָדֵ֖⁠נוּ	1	This word, “us,” refers to Israel.
87	2:24	eh7s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ	1	The people of the land toward Israel are like a substance that melts in the presence of heat. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
88	3:intro	qs85				0	Joshua 03 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter God dries the Jordan River Joshua told the people “Dedicate yourselves to Yahweh tomorrow, for Yahweh will do wonders among you.” The conquest of the Promised Land is accomplished through the supernatural power of God. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])
89	3:1	ct91			וַ⁠יַּשְׁכֵּם֩	1	The phrase, “got up,” means to “awaken.”
90	3:1	y8kd			מֵֽ⁠הַ⁠שִּׁטִּ֗ים	1	A place in the land of Moab, west of the Jordan River where the Israelites were camped before their entry into the promised land, Canaan.
91	3:2	wz25			הַ⁠שֹּׁטְרִ֖ים	1	These are people holding a position of command or authority.
92	3:3	ghy1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֣ם	1	This is the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
93	3:4	tn3h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance	כְּ⁠אַלְפַּ֥יִם אַמָּ֖ה	1	“2,000 cubits.” The word “cubit” is a measurement equaling the distance from the elbow to the finger tips. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
94	3:5	hy6c			הִתְקַדָּ֑שׁוּ	1	This refers to a special preparation of being religiously clean before Yahweh.
95	3:5	wz6l			יַעֲשֶׂ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה בְּ⁠קִרְבְּ⁠כֶ֖ם נִפְלָאֽוֹת	1	Yahweh will be doing miracles for all to see and experience.
96	3:6	ts4p			שְׂאוּ֙ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן	1	This is referring to the levites picking up the ark for the purpose of carrying it from one location to another.
97	3:7	u6dt				0	Yahweh tells Joshua what the priest are to do.
98	3:7	q8ud		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	אָחֵל֙ גַּדֶּלְ⁠ךָ֔ בְּ⁠עֵינֵ֖י כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	1	The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “the people will see what I do and realize that I have made you a great man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
99	3:8	b797			קְצֵה֙ מֵ֣י הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֔ן	1	Joshua is to approach the bank or edge of the Jordan River.
100	3:9	pd66				0	Joshua tells Israel what Yahweh is about to do
101	3:10	u9w6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וְ⁠הוֹרֵ֣שׁ יוֹרִ֣ישׁ מִ֠⁠פְּנֵי⁠כֶם	1	Yahweh will force the other people living on the land to leave or be killed. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
102	3:11	zex2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	עֹבֵ֥ר	1	“cross over” means to go to the opposite bank of the river. Alternate translation: “will travel from this side to the opposite side” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
103	3:12	u1wf				0	Joshua continues to tell Israel of the miracle that Yahweh will do.
104	3:12	u1wg				0	Just as Israel’s fathers experience crossing the Red Sea, these people will experience crossing the Jordan river on dry land.
105	3:13	bej3			כַּפּ֣וֹת רַגְלֵ֣י	1	This refers to the bottom of their feet.
106	3:13	u9rl			מִ⁠לְ⁠מָ֑עְלָ⁠ה	1	This word refers to the direction the Jordan River water is flowing toward Israel.
107	3:13	s6ud			וְ⁠יַעַמְד֖וּ נֵ֥ד אֶחָֽד	1	The water will stay in one spot or place. It will not flow around the priests.
108	3:15	nhu7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	בִּ⁠קְצֵ֣ה הַ⁠מָּ֑יִם	1	This can refer to the surface of the water as well as the bank where the water flows to dry land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
109	3:15	mu2b		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	וְ⁠הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֗ן מָלֵא֙ עַל־כָּל־גְּדוֹתָ֔י⁠ו כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֥י קָצִֽיר	1	This is background information and it emphasizes the scale of what Yahweh is doing. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
110	3:17	dp93				0	The miraculous Jordan River crossing continues.
111	3:17	tg4f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֖ן	1	This refers to the Jordan River bed. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
112	3:17	w7z6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	עֹֽבְרִים֙	1	This phrase means to go to the opposite bank of the river. Alternate translation: “traveled from this side to the opposite side” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
113	4:intro	eh7p				0	Joshua 04 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter God’s war The conquering of the Promised Land was a special war. It was God’s war against the people of Canaan and Joshua recognized that they would only be victorious through Yahweh’s power. This is why their first act after crossing the Jordan River was to build an altar. This war was a witness to Yahweh’s power. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])
114	4:1	yem9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns		0	Though Yahweh was speaking directly to Joshua, all occurrences of you include Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
115	4:1	h2p6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	לַ⁠עֲב֖וֹר	1	The words “crossed over” refer to going to the opposite bank of the river. Alternate translation: “went across” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
116	4:1	lz4a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	אֶת־הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֑ן	1	the Jordan River (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
117	4:3	g6yc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes	וְ⁠צַוּ֣וּ אוֹתָ⁠ם֮ לֵ⁠אמֹר֒ שְׂאֽוּ־לָ⁠כֶ֨ם מִ⁠זֶּ֜ה מִ⁠תּ֣וֹךְ הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֗ן מִ⁠מַּצַּב֙ רַגְלֵ֣י הַ⁠כֹּהֲנִ֔ים הָכִ֖ין שְׁתֵּים־עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה אֲבָנִ֑ים וְ⁠הַעֲבַרְתֶּ֤ם אוֹתָ⁠ם֙ עִמָּ⁠כֶ֔ם וְ⁠הִנַּחְתֶּ֣ם אוֹתָ֔⁠ם בַּ⁠מָּל֕וֹן אֲשֶׁר־תָּלִ֥ינוּ ב֖⁠וֹ הַ⁠לָּֽיְלָה	1	The nested quote can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Give them this command to take up twelve stones from the middle of the Jordan where the priests are standing on the dry ground, and bring them over with you and lay them down in the place where you will spend the night tonight” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
118	4:4	r99r				0	Joshua tells the twelve men what to do.
119	4:5	wr9d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	אֶל־תּ֣וֹךְ הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֑ן וְ⁠הָרִ֨ימוּ לָ⁠כֶ֜ם אִ֣ישׁ אֶ֤בֶן אַחַת֙ עַל־שִׁכְמ֔⁠וֹ	1	Each of the twelve men were to pick up a large stone from the Jordan River bed and carry them to the other side to build a monument. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
120	4:6	v6tn				0	Joshua tells Israel what the pile of twelve stones mean.
121	4:7	bq5m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	נִכְרְת֜וּ מֵימֵ֤י הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּן֙ מִ⁠פְּנֵי֙ אֲר֣וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָ֔ה	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh cut off the waters of the Jordan in front of the ark of his covenant” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
122	4:7	gsy5			נִכְרְת֜וּ מֵימֵ֤י הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּן֙	1	“The Jordan River was”
123	4:7	ew13			נִכְרְת֜וּ & מִ⁠פְּנֵי֙ אֲר֣וֹן	1	The Jordan River was prevented by God from flowing up to the ark that was being carried by the priests.
124	4:7	ww74			נִכְרְת֜וּ מֵימֵ֤י הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּן֙	1	The water flowing down the Jordan River stopped before the ark so everyone including the ark traveled on the dry river bed.
125	4:8	q4qp				0	Joshua and Israel continue to do as Yahweh commanded.
126	4:8	f69z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	וַ⁠יִּשְׂא֡וּ שְׁתֵּֽי־עֶשְׂרֵ֨ה אֲבָנִ֜ים מִ⁠תּ֣וֹךְ הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֗ן	1	This refers to the twelve men picking up stones from the middle of the Jordan River bed. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
127	4:9	igh8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	וּ⁠שְׁתֵּ֧ים עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה אֲבָנִ֗ים הֵקִ֣ים יְהוֹשֻׁעַ֮ בְּ⁠ת֣וֹךְ הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּן֒	1	These were twelve additional stones, not the stones that the twelve men carried from the river bed. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
128	4:9	yb3y			וַ⁠יִּ֣הְיוּ שָׁ֔ם עַ֖ד הַ⁠יּ֥וֹם הַ⁠זֶּֽה	1	This means the memorial was there to the day that the author was writing this book.
129	4:10	reg9			הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּן֒	1	This refers to the Jordan River.
130	4:10	bl85		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	הָ⁠עָ֖ם	1	This refers to the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
131	4:10	er8c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וַֽ⁠יַּעֲבֹֽרוּ	1	This means to go to the opposite bank of the river. Alternate translation: “traveled from one side to the opposite side” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
132	4:11	vff8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י הָ⁠עָֽם	1	This refers to being in front of the people or in the sight of all the people. Everyone saw the ark being carried by the priests. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
133	4:12	gp7q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	וַ֠⁠יַּעַבְרוּ בְּנֵי־רְאוּבֵ֨ן וּ⁠בְנֵי־גָ֜ד וַ⁠חֲצִ֨י שֵׁ֤בֶט הַֽ⁠מְנַשֶּׁה֙ חֲמֻשִׁ֔ים לִ⁠פְנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	1	These were the soldiers of the 3 tribes that were fulfilling their obligation to lead the Israelites into battle for settling on the East side of the Jordan River. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
134	4:14	cc5t			כַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֛ר יָרְא֥וּ	1	The word “they” refers to the people of Israel.
135	4:15	m7sg				0	Yahweh tells Joshua to have the priests exit the Jordan River.
136	4:17	xw1x				0	The Author was making it clear that parting the Jordan River was no different than parting the Red Sea for the previous generation.
137	4:18	m5z1			וַ⁠יָּשֻׁ֤בוּ מֵֽי־הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּן֙ לִ⁠מְקוֹמָ֔⁠ם וַ⁠יֵּלְכ֥וּ כִ⁠תְמוֹל־שִׁלְשׁ֖וֹם עַל־כָּל־גְּדוֹתָֽי⁠ו	1	The Jordan River was overflowing its banks and flooding the area before and after Israel passed through on dry land.
138	4:19	bf72			עָלוּ֙ מִן־הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֔ן	1	This refers to when Israel crossed the Jordan River on dry ground.
139	4:19	zy5r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths	בֶּ⁠עָשׂ֖וֹר לַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הָ⁠רִאשׁ֑וֹן	1	This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is near the end of March on Western calendars. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
140	4:20	s8s2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	וְ⁠אֵת֩ שְׁתֵּ֨ים עֶשְׂרֵ֤ה הָֽ⁠אֲבָנִים֙ הָ⁠אֵ֔לֶּה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לָקְח֖וּ מִן־הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֑ן	1	Each tribe was to take one stone from the Jordan River so Joshua could build a memorial of the crossing event. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
141	4:22	lx8h				0	Joshua continues to remind the people the purpose of the pile of stones.
142	4:22	p6nk			וְ⁠הוֹדַעְתֶּ֖ם אֶת־בְּנֵי⁠כֶ֣ם	1	It was for Israel to teach their children of God’s miracles so that they would honor Yahweh forever.
143	4:24	qe29		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	אֶת־יַ֣ד יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֥י חֲזָקָ֖ה הִ֑יא	1	This refers to the power of Yahweh being strong. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is mighty” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
144	5:intro	dv8f				0	Joshua 05 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Circumcision It would have been very unusual to be circumcised in a time of war. When men are circumcised they are unable to move without pain or to defend themselves in battle for several days. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]]) Manna Yahweh stops providing manna in this chapter and will no longer provide them with their daily allotment of food. This does not mean Yahweh’s care and provision will stop.
145	5:1	el1p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	וַ⁠יִּמַּ֣ס לְבָבָ֗⁠ם וְ⁠לֹא־הָ֨יָה בָ֥⁠ם עוֹד֙ ר֔וּחַ	1	These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of their fear. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
146	5:1	q8mi		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וַ⁠יִּמַּ֣ס לְבָבָ֗⁠ם	1	Here “hearts” refers to their courage. They were so afraid that it was as if their courage melted away like wax in a fire. Alternate translation: “they lost all their courage” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
147	5:1	a2wh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וְ⁠לֹא־הָ֨יָה בָ֥⁠ם עוֹד֙ ר֔וּחַ	1	Here “spirit” refers to their will to fight. Alternate translation: “they no longer had any will to fight” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
148	5:3	m1u7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	וַ⁠יַּעַשׂ־ל֥⁠וֹ יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ חַֽרְב֣וֹת צֻרִ֑ים וַ⁠יָּ֨מָל֙ אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י	1	There were over 600,000 males, so it is understood that while Joshua was in charge of this task, many other people helped him. If this would confuse your readers, you may want to make this explicit. Alternate translation: “Joshua and the Israelites made themselves flint knives … they circumcised all the males” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
149	5:3	jin6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	גִּבְעַ֖ת הָ⁠עֲרָלֽוֹת	1	This is a place name which commemorates Israel rededicating themselves to Yahweh. It means “the hill of the foreskins.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
150	5:4	i17c				0	The reason all the males of Israel had to be circumcised is explained.
151	5:4	uz5p			אַנְשֵׁ֣י הַ⁠מִּלְחָמָ֗ה	1	the men who were old enough to be soldiers
152	5:6	k8wl		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	שָׁמְע֖וּ בְּ⁠ק֣וֹל יְהוָ֑ה	1	Here “voice” refers to the things that Yahweh spoke. Alternate translation: “obey the things that Yahweh commanded them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
153	5:6	jrp7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּ⁠דְבָֽשׁ	1	God spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. Alternate translation: “a land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
154	5:9	x1q8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	הַ⁠יּ֗וֹם גַּלּ֛וֹתִי אֶת־חֶרְפַּ֥ת מִצְרַ֖יִם מֵ⁠עֲלֵי⁠כֶ֑ם	1	Their disgrace is spoken of as if it were a large stone that blocked their path. Here “rolled away” means “removed.” Alternate translation: “This day I have removed the disgrace of Egypt from you” or “You were disgraced when you were slaves in Egypt. But, today I have caused you to no longer be disgraced” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
155	5:10	tdl1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths	בְּ⁠אַרְבָּעָה֩ עָשָׂ֨ר י֥וֹם לַ⁠חֹ֛דֶשׁ	1	This is near the end of March on Western calendars. Alternate translation: “the fourteenth day of the first month” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
156	5:13	iyi7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וַ⁠יִּשָּׂ֤א עֵינָי⁠ו֙ וַ⁠יַּ֔רְא וְ⁠הִנֵּה־אִישׁ֙ עֹמֵ֣ד	1	Here looking up is spoken of as if Joshua literally lifted his eyes in his hands. Alternate translation: “he looked up and saw that a man was standing” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
157	5:13	x26s			וְ⁠הִנֵּה	1	The word “behold” alerts us to pay special attention to new information. Your language may have a way of doing this.
158	5:13	kk45			וְ⁠חַרְבּ֥⁠וֹ שְׁלוּפָ֖ה בְּ⁠יָד֑⁠וֹ	1	Here the words “he” and “his” refer to the man who was standing in front of Joshua.
159	5:14	d8u1			וַ⁠יֹּ֣אמֶר	1	The word “he” refers to the man Joshua saw.
160	5:14	ds5l			לֹ֗א	1	This is the beginning of the man’s answer to Joshua’s question, “Are you for us or for our enemies?” This short answer could be clarified. Alternate translation: “I am neither for you nor for your enemies”
161	5:14	r42a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	וַ⁠יִּפֹּל֩ יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ אֶל־פָּנָ֥י⁠ו אַ֨רְצָ⁠ה֙ וַ⁠יִּשְׁתָּ֔חוּ	1	This was an act of worship. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
162	5:15	ge5y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	שַׁל־נַֽעַלְ⁠ךָ֙ מֵ⁠עַ֣ל רַגְלֶ֔⁠ךָ	1	This was an act of reverence. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
163	6:intro	uie9				0	Joshua 06 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Yahweh conquers It was God, not the army, who gave them victory. It is said, “Shout! For Yahweh has given you the city.” The circumstances of Israel’s victory in the battle for Jericho were very unusual. It was never common to march around a city or to shout in order to win a military battle. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
164	6:1	gbz8			וִֽ⁠ירִיחוֹ֙	1	This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells us why the gates of Jericho are closed and locked up.
165	6:2	j65i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture	נָתַ֣תִּי בְ⁠יָֽדְ⁠ךָ֔ אֶת־יְרִיח֖וֹ וְ⁠אֶת־מַלְכָּ֑⁠הּ גִּבּוֹרֵ֖י הֶ⁠חָֽיִל	1	Yahweh is telling Joshua that he will certainly do this by saying that he has already done it. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
166	6:2	v4hu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	בְ⁠יָֽדְ⁠ךָ֔	1	The word “hand” is a metonym for the control that the hand exercises. Alternate translation: “so that you can control it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
167	6:3	fu9e				0	God continues telling Joshua what the people must do.
168	6:3	eik2			כֹּ֥ה תַעֲשֶׂ֖ה שֵׁ֥שֶׁת יָמִֽים	1	“You must do this once each day for six days”
169	6:4	b6ml			וְ⁠שִׁבְעָ֣ה כֹהֲנִ֡ים יִשְׂאוּ֩ שִׁבְעָ֨ה שׁוֹפְר֤וֹת הַ⁠יּֽוֹבְלִים֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י הָ⁠אָר֔וֹן	1	The seven priests are to march in front of other priests who are carrying the ark and marching around the city.
170	6:5	zdc7				0	God continues telling Joshua what the people must do.
171	6:5	d5rg			בִּ⁠מְשֹׁ֣ךְ׀ בְּ⁠קֶ֣רֶן הַ⁠יּוֹבֵ֗ל	1	The word “they” refers to the seven priests. The “ram’s horn” and “trumpet” refer to the trumpets of rams’ horns that the priests were blowing in Joshua 6:4.
172	6:5	g97v			חוֹמַ֤ת הָ⁠עִיר֙	1	“the outer wall of the city” or “the wall surrounding the city”
173	6:6	h9cn		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	נוּן֙	1	This is Joshua’s father. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
174	6:6	s5ne			שְׂא֖וּ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן הַ⁠בְּרִ֑ית	1	“Pick up the ark of the covenant”
175	6:8	l35d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה	1	Possible meanings are 1) “in obedience to Yahweh” or 2) “in front of Yahweh’s ark” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
176	6:8	vk7j			וְ⁠תָקְע֖וּ בַּ⁠שּֽׁוֹפָר֑וֹת	1	“they sounded the trumpets loudly” or “the priests blew into the ram’s horn trumpets”
177	6:8	ayf9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	וַֽ⁠אֲרוֹן֙ בְּרִ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה הֹלֵ֖ךְ אַחֲרֵי⁠הֶֽם	1	It can be stated clearly that there were people carrying the ark. Alternate translation: “The priests who were carrying the ark of the covenant of Yahweh followed after them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
178	6:10	ls5v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וְ⁠לֹֽא־תַשְׁמִ֣יעוּ אֶת־קוֹלְ⁠כֶ֔ם וְ⁠לֹא־יֵצֵ֥א מִ⁠פִּי⁠כֶ֖ם דָּבָ֑ר	1	Sound leaving someone’s mouth refers to that person’s speaking or shouting. Alternate translation: “Do not yell or speak” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
179	6:10	tw9q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-events	וְ⁠אֶת־הָ⁠עָם֩ צִוָּ֨ה יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ	1	Joshua had commanded the people before they started walking around the city. Alternate translation: “Joshua had commanded the people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-events]])
180	6:13	k64v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	וְ⁠שִׁבְעָ֣ה הַ⁠כֹּהֲנִ֡ים & שִׁבְעָ֨ה שׁוֹפְר֜וֹת	1	“7 priests … 7 trumpets” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
181	6:13	ai87			וְ⁠תָקְע֖וּ בַּ⁠שּׁוֹפָר֑וֹת	1	This means that they blew into their trumpets, causing them to make loud noises, multiple times. Alternate translation: “continually sounded the trumpets loudly” or “blew into the ram’s horn trumpets continually”
182	6:14	j232		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal	בַּ⁠יּ֤וֹם הַ⁠שֵּׁנִי֙	1	the next day (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
183	6:14	r4j1			כֹּ֥ה עָשׂ֖וּ	1	Israel marched around Jericho once every day.
184	6:14	p14u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	שֵׁ֥שֶׁת יָמִֽים	1	“6 days” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
185	6:16	fp32			הָ⁠עָם֙	1	This refers to the people of Israel.
186	6:16	sc3s			תָּקְע֥וּ & בַּ⁠שּׁוֹפָר֑וֹת	1	“sounded the trumpets loudly” or “blew into the ram’s horn trumpets”
187	6:16	fj73		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture	נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה לָ⁠כֶ֖ם	1	Joshua is saying that Yahweh will definitely give them the city by saying that he has already given it to them. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
188	6:16	wdh6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	נָתַ֧ן & לָ⁠כֶ֖ם	1	The word “you” refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
189	6:17	ugl7				0	Joshua continues speaking to the people of Israel.
190	6:17	w1sn		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וְ⁠הָיְתָ֨ה הָ⁠עִ֥יר חֵ֛רֶם הִ֥יא וְ⁠כָל־אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֖⁠הּ לַֽ⁠יהוָ֑ה	1	This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: “You must set apart to Yahweh the city and all that is in it for destruction” or “You must set apart to Yahweh the city and all that is in it by destroying it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
191	6:18	ypv3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	שִׁמְר֣וּ מִן־הַ⁠חֵ֔רֶם	1	Being careful is spoken of as if they are to guard themselves. “Be careful that you do not take the things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
192	6:18	p8xv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וַ⁠עֲכַרְתֶּ֖ם אוֹתֽ⁠וֹ	1	Doing something that makes bad things to happen to the city is spoken of as bringing trouble on it. Alternate translation: “you will cause bad things to happen to it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
193	6:19	bz6i			אוֹצַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה	1	a collection of things set apart for the worship of Yahweh
194	6:20	fm69			וַ⁠יָּרִ֤יעוּ הָ⁠עָם֙ תְּרוּעָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה	1	“the people of Israel shouted”
195	6:20	v2v6			וַֽ⁠יִּתְקְע֖וּ בַּ⁠שֹּֽׁפָר֑וֹת	1	“sounded the trumpets loudly” or “blew into the ram’s horn trumpets”
196	6:24	ny39			וְ⁠הָ⁠עִ֛יר שָׂרְפ֥וּ	1	The word “they” refers to the Israelite soldiers. It does not refer only to the two young men who brought Rahab and her family out of the city.
197	6:25	w9ik		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וַ⁠תֵּ֨שֶׁב֙ בְּ⁠קֶ֣רֶב יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	1	The word “She” refers to Rahab and represents her descendants. Alternate translation: “Her descendants live in Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
198	6:25	qlj6			עַ֖ד הַ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה	1	“now” or “even today.” Rahab’s descendants are still living in Israel as the original writer writes this story.
199	6:26	cq3c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	אָר֨וּר הָ⁠אִ֜ישׁ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר יָקוּם֙ וּ⁠בָנָ֞ה	1	Being cursed in Yahweh’s sight represents being cursed by Yahweh. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man who rebuilds” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
200	6:26	len7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	בִּ⁠בְכֹר֣⁠וֹ יְיַסְּדֶ֔⁠נָּה	1	The consequence of a man laying a new foundation for Jericho is that his firstborn son would die. This is spoken of as if it were a cost that the man would pay. Alternate translation: “If he lays the foundation, he will lose his firstborn son” or “If he lays the foundation, his firstborn son will die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
201	6:26	anp8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וּ⁠בִ⁠צְעִיר֖⁠וֹ יַצִּ֥יב דְּלָתֶֽי⁠הָ	1	The consequence of a man setting up new gates for Jericho is that his youngest son would die. This is spoken of as if it were a cost that the man would pay. Alternate translation: “If he sets up its gates, he will lose his youngest son” or “If he sets up it gates, his youngest son will die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
202	6:27	brx7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וַ⁠יְהִ֥י שָׁמְע֖⁠וֹ בְּ⁠כָל־הָ⁠אָֽרֶץ	1	This refers to Joshua’s fame, not Yahweh’s. Becoming known among the people throughout the land is spoken of as if his fame spread. Alternate translation: “Joshua became famous throughout the land” or “people throughout the land learned about Joshua” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
203	7:intro	uv41				0	Joshua 07 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Sin brought defeat It was great sin to take what was to be destroyed. Because of their sin, Yahweh withheld victory from the Israelites. Sin resulted in defeat in battle. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
204	7:1	mtm4			בַּ⁠חֵ֑רֶם	1	“the things that God had said they must set apart to him by destroying them”
205	7:1	z3zl		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	עָכָ֣ן & כַּרְמִי֩ & זַבְדִּ֨י & זֶ֜רַח	1	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
206	7:1	li2v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וַ⁠יִּֽחַר־אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה	1	“anger” and “burned” indicates intensity, not that fire is present. Alternate translation: “Yahweh’s anger burned like a fire” or “Yahweh was very angry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
207	7:3	ui7f			כָּל־הָ⁠עָם֒	1	This refers to the army of Israel.
208	7:3	z2xr			מְעַ֖ט הֵֽמָּה	1	The word “they” refers to the people of Ai.
209	7:4	i5e8			וַ⁠יַּעֲל֤וּ מִן־הָ⁠עָם֙ שָׁ֔מָּ⁠ה כִּ⁠שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ	1	These men were part of the army. Alternate translation: “three thousand men belonging to the army went up”
210	7:4	ak54		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	כִּ⁠שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ	1	“3,000 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
211	7:5	nyw2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	כִּ⁠שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים וְ⁠שִׁשָּׁה֙ אִ֔ישׁ	1	“36 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
212	7:5	zcr5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	וַ⁠יִּמַּ֥ס לְבַב־הָ⁠עָ֖ם וַ⁠יְהִ֥י לְ⁠מָֽיִם	1	These phrases “melted” and “became like water” share similar meanings and are combined to emphasize that the people were extremely afraid. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
213	7:5	j2v2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	וַ⁠יִּמַּ֥ס לְבַב־הָ⁠עָ֖ם	1	Here the people are represented by their “hearts” to emphasize their emotions. Alternate translation: “The people were very afraid” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
214	7:5	h4tc			לְבַב־הָ⁠עָ֖ם	1	The phrase “the people” refers to the Israelite soldiers.
215	7:6	ty1c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	וַ⁠יִּקְרַ֨ע יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ שִׂמְלֹתָ֗י⁠ו וַ⁠יִּפֹּל֩ עַל־פָּנָ֨י⁠ו אַ֜רְצָ⁠ה לִ⁠פְנֵ֨י אֲר֤וֹן יְהוָה֙	1	They did these things to show God how sad and distressed they were. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
216	7:7	jb6r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	לָ֠⁠מָה הֵעֲבַ֨רְתָּ הַעֲבִ֜יר אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֤ם הַ⁠זֶּה֙ אֶת־הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֔ן לָ⁠תֵ֥ת אֹתָ֛⁠נוּ בְּ⁠יַ֥ד הָ⁠אֱמֹרִ֖י לְ⁠הַאֲבִידֵ֑⁠נוּ	1	Joshua was asking if this is the reason God had brought them across the Jordan. Alternate translation: “Did you do it in order to give us into the hands of the Amorites to destroy us?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
217	7:7	run5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	בְּ⁠יַ֥ד הָ⁠אֱמֹרִ֖י	1	The hands of the Amorites represents their control and power. Giving the Israelites into their hands to destroy them represents allowing the Amorites to have control of the Israelites and destroy them. Alternate translation: “To allow the Amorites to destroy us? (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
218	7:7	aq5b			וְ⁠לוּ֙ הוֹאַ֣לְנוּ	1	The words “If only” show that this is a wish for something that had not happened. Alternate translation: “I wish we had made a different decision”
219	7:8	x4pf				0	Joshua expresses frustration to God.
220	7:8	ke9p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	בִּ֖י אֲדֹנָ֑⁠י מָ֣ה אֹמַ֔ר אַ֠חֲרֵי אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָפַ֧ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֹ֖רֶף לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י אֹיְבָֽי⁠ו	1	Joshua said this to show how upset he was that he did not even know what to say. Alternate translation: “I do not know what to say. Israel has turned their backs before their enemies!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
221	7:8	s4eb		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	הָפַ֧ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֹ֖רֶף לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י אֹיְבָֽי⁠ו	1	Doing this represents running away from their enemies. Alternate translation: “Israel has run away from their enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
222	7:9	n2kp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וְ⁠נָסַ֣בּוּ עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ וְ⁠הִכְרִ֥יתוּ אֶת־שְׁמֵ֖⁠נוּ מִן־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ	1	Making people forget the name of the Israelites represents making them forget the Israelites. In this case they would do it by killing the Israelites. Alternate translation: “They will surround us and kill us, and the people of the earth will forget about us” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
223	7:9	r713		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	לְ⁠שִׁמְ⁠ךָ֥ הַ⁠גָּדֽוֹל	1	The phrase “your great name” here represents God’s reputation and power. Alternate translation: “And so what will you do so that people will know that you are great” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
224	7:9	vd3r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	וּ⁠מַֽה־תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה לְ⁠שִׁמְ⁠ךָ֥ הַ⁠גָּדֽוֹל	1	Joshua uses this question to warn God that if the Israelites are destroyed, then the other people will think that God is not great. Alternate translation: “Then there will be nothing you can do for your great name.” or “Then people will not know that you are great.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
225	7:10	ev1w				0	Yahweh tells Joshua why Israel is cursed.
226	7:10	hqu3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	לָ֑⁠ךְ לָ֣⁠מָּה זֶּ֔ה אַתָּ֖ה נֹפֵ֥ל עַל־פָּנֶֽי⁠ךָ	1	God used this question to rebuke Joshua for lying there on his face. Alternate translation: “Stop lying there with your face in the dirt!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
227	7:11	lc29			הַ⁠חֵ֔רֶם	1	These are the things “marked for destruction” from Joshua 6:18-19. Alternate translation: “the cursed things” or “those things which God has cursed”
228	7:11	dd18		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	גָּֽנְבוּ֙ וְ⁠גַ֣ם כִּֽחֲשׁ֔וּ	1	Hiding their sin represents trying to keep others from knowing that they have sinned. Alternate translation: “They have stolen those things, and then they tried to keep people from knowing that they sinned” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
229	7:12	yzi5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וְ⁠לֹ֨א יֻכְל֜וּ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לָ⁠קוּם֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֵי⁠הֶ֔ם	1	Standing before their enemies represents fighting successfully against their enemies. Alternate translation: “cannot fight successfully against their enemies” or “cannot defeat their enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
230	7:12	xix1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	עֹ֗רֶף יִפְנוּ֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹֽיְבֵי⁠הֶ֔ם	1	Doing this represents running away from their enemies. Alternate translation: “They ran away from their enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
231	7:12	fs9m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	לֹ֤א אוֹסִיף֙ לִֽ⁠הְי֣וֹת עִמָּ⁠כֶ֔ם	1	Being with Israel represents helping Israel. Alternate translation: “I will not help you any more” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
232	7:13	u4s8				0	Yahweh continues speaking to Joshua and tells him what to tell the people.
233	7:13	ln4q			אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֔ם	1	This refers to the people of Israel.
234	7:13	j4ki		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	לֹ֣א תוּכַ֗ל לָ⁠קוּם֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֶ֔י⁠ךָ	1	Standing before their enemies represents fighting successfully against them. Alternate translation: “You cannot fight successfully against your enemies” or “You cannot defeat your enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
235	7:14	gjw9				0	Yahweh continues telling Joshua what he must tell the people.
236	7:14	dp8p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וְ⁠נִקְרַבְתֶּ֥ם בַּ⁠בֹּ֖קֶר לְ⁠שִׁבְטֵי⁠כֶ֑ם	1	There were twelve tribes that made up the people of Israel. The phrase “by your tribes” means “each tribe.” Alternate translation: “each of your tribes must present themselves to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
237	7:14	scj7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	הַ⁠שֵּׁבֶט֩ אֲשֶׁר־יִלְכְּדֶ֨⁠נּוּ יְהוָ֜ה יִקְרַ֣ב לַ⁠מִּשְׁפָּח֗וֹת	1	The tribe was made up of multiple clans. Alternate translation: “From the tribe that Yahweh selects, each clan will come near” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
238	7:14	crt9			הַ⁠שֵּׁבֶט֩ אֲשֶׁר־יִלְכְּדֶ֨⁠נּוּ יְהוָ֜ה	1	The leaders of Israel would toss lots, and by doing this, they would learn which tribe Yahweh had selected. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “The tribe that Yahweh selects by lot” or “The tribe that Yahweh selects when we toss lots”
239	7:14	xl85		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וְ⁠הַ⁠מִּשְׁפָּחָ֞ה אֲשֶֽׁר־יִלְכְּדֶ֤⁠נָּה יְהוָה֙ תִּקְרַ֣ב לַ⁠בָּתִּ֔ים	1	The clan was made up of multiple households. Alternate translation: “From the clan that Yahweh selects, each household must come near” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
240	7:14	q8me		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וְ⁠הַ⁠בַּ֨יִת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִלְכְּדֶ֣⁠נּוּ יְהוָ֔ה יִקְרַ֖ב לַ⁠גְּבָרִֽים	1	The household was made up of multiple people. Alternate translation: “From the household that Yahweh selects, each person must come near” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
241	7:15	d5nb		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	הַ⁠נִּלְכָּ֣ד	1	This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: “the one whom Yahweh selects” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
242	7:15	g1vn		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	עָבַר֙ אֶת־בְּרִ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה	1	Breaking the covenant represents disobeying it. Alternate translation: “he has disobeyed the covenant of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
243	7:16	fdv2				0	Joshua follows Yahweh’s command to bring Israel before Yahweh.
244	7:16	lzb4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וַ⁠יַּקְרֵ֥ב אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לִ⁠שְׁבָטָ֑י⁠ו	1	The phrase “tribe by tribe” means each tribe. Alternate translation: “brought each tribe of Israel near” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
245	7:16	g7qp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וַ⁠יִּלָּכֵ֖ד שֵׁ֥בֶט יְהוּדָֽה	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh selected the tribe of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
246	7:17	br4y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וַ⁠יַּקְרֵ֞ב אֶת־מִשְׁפַּ֤חַת הַ⁠זַּרְחִי֙ לַ⁠גְּבָרִ֔ים	1	The phrase “person by person” is an idiom meaning each person. The persons in this sentence were the leaders of their households. Alternate translation: “He brought near each person of the clan of the Zerahites” or “From the clan of the Zerahites, he brought near each man who was the leader of his household” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
247	7:17	z419			אֶת־מִשְׁפַּ֤חַת הַ⁠זַּרְחִי֙	1	The clan was named after the man named Zerah.
248	7:17	ha7i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	זַבְדִּֽי	1	This is a man’s name. Translate as you did in Joshua 7:1. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
249	7:18	u41u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	עָכָ֞ן & כַּרְמִ֧י & זַבְדִּ֛י & זֶ֖רַח	1	These are men’s names. Translate them as you did in Joshua 7:1. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
250	7:19	k521		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	וְ⁠תֶן־ל֣⁠וֹ תוֹדָ֑ה	1	The abstract noun “confession” can be expressed with the verb “confess.” Alternate translation: “confess to him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
251	7:19	fv9g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	אַל־תְּכַחֵ֖ד מִמֶּֽ⁠נִּי	1	Hiding information represents trying to keep someone from knowing it. Alternate translation: “Do not try to prevent me from knowing what you have done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
252	7:21	b9nn		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight	וּ⁠מָאתַ֧יִם שְׁקָלִ֣ים	1	This is over two kilograms. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
253	7:21	y7vj		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight	חֲמִשִּׁ֤ים שְׁקָלִים֙	1	This is over 500 grams. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
254	7:21	xw3j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	טְמוּנִ֥ים בָּ⁠אָ֛רֶץ	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I hid them in the ground” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
255	7:23	vh7i			וַ⁠יַּצִּקֻ֖⁠ם	1	Use the word in your language for pouring many small solid things out of a large bag onto the ground.
256	7:24	ta3l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	עֵ֥מֶק עָכֽוֹר	1	The name means “Valley of Trouble,” but it is best to translate Achor the way it sounds. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
257	7:25	vd6n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	מֶ֣ה עֲכַרְתָּ֔⁠נוּ	1	Joshua uses this question to rebuke Achan. Alternate translation: “You have troubled us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
258	7:25	i3rq			וַ⁠יִּשְׂרְפ֤וּ אֹתָ⁠ם֙ בָּ⁠אֵ֔שׁ וַ⁠יִּסְקְל֥וּ אֹתָ֖⁠ם בָּ⁠אֲבָנִֽים	1	Possible meanings are 1) the Israelites burned Achan’s family to death and then covered them with stones or 2) the Israelites stoned Achan’s family to death and then burned the dead bodies or 3) that Achan and his possessions were stoned and then burned.
259	7:26	zcp9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וַ⁠יָּ֥שָׁב יְהוָ֖ה מֵ⁠חֲר֣וֹן אַפּ֑⁠וֹ	1	Turning away his anger represents stopping being angry. Burning anger represents strong anger. Alternate translation: “Yahweh stopped being angry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
260	7:26	hfq5			עַ֖ד הַ⁠יּ֥וֹם הַ⁠זֶּֽה	1	It was still called the valley of Achor at the time the author wrote this. Alternate translation: “even today” or “even now”
261	8:intro	f3jc				0	Joshua 08 General Notes Structure and formatting Special concepts in this chapter Sin brought defeat It was great sin to take what was to be destroyed. Because of their sin, Yahweh withheld victory from the Israelites. Sin resulted in defeat in battle. Because they repented, Yahweh brought victory to Israel in Ai. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) Built an altar Altars were commonly built in the Ancient Near East to commemorate important events. Several altars were built in the Book of Joshua.
262	8:1	l4p8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	אַל־תִּירָ֣א וְ⁠אַל־תֵּחָ֔ת	1	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Yahweh combines them to emphasize that there is no reason to be afraid. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
263	8:1	den6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	נָתַ֣תִּי בְ⁠יָדְ⁠ךָ֗ אֶת־מֶ֤לֶךְ הָ⁠עַי֙ וְ⁠אֶת־עַמּ֔⁠וֹ וְ⁠אֶת־עִיר֖⁠וֹ וְ⁠אֶת־אַרְצֽ⁠וֹ	1	Giving them into Israel’s hand represents giving Israel victory and control over them. Alternate translation: “I have given you victory over the king of Ai and his people, and I have given you control over his city and his land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
264	8:1	t7bq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture	נָתַ֣תִּי	1	God speaks of what he promises to do as though he had already done it, because he will certainly do it. Alternate translation: “I will certainly give” or “I am giving” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
265	8:2	h3r6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	וּ⁠לְ⁠מַלְכָּ֗⁠הּ	1	The word “her” refers to the city of Ai. Cities were often spoken of as if they were women. Alternate translation: “its king” or “their king” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
266	8:3	k4uk			עַ֥ם הַ⁠מִּלְחָמָ֖ה	1	“the army of Israel”
267	8:5	vtq4				0	Joshua continues to explain the battle plan to his soldiers.
268	8:7	fw9x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וּ⁠נְתָנָ֛⁠הּ & בְּ⁠יֶדְ⁠כֶֽם	1	Here “hand” symbolizes the control and power the people have over their enemies. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
269	8:8	aj5t				0	Joshua finishes explaining the battle plan to his soldiers.
270	8:9	yt5n			וַ⁠יִּשְׁלָחֵ֣⁠ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ	1	This phrase refers to Joshua sending the thirty thousand men who had been selected to ambush Ai to where they would set the ambush.
271	8:9	i3lf			הַ⁠מַּאְרָ֔ב	1	“where they would hide until it was time to attack”
272	8:12	ycd3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	כַּ⁠חֲמֵ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ	1	“5,000 men.” This group seems to be a portion of the “thirty thousand men” (Joshua 8:9). This smaller group remained in the ambush while the other 25,000 men attacked the city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
273	8:13	j7b9				0	The Israelites prepare to fight the people of Ai.
274	8:13	s1lu			אֶת־כָּל־הַֽ⁠מַּחֲנֶ֗ה	1	This refers to the largest group of fighting men, those not in the ambush group.
275	8:13	nq1b			עֲקֵב֖⁠וֹ	1	those who were “set in ambush on the west side of the city” (Joshua 8:12)
276	8:15	a83i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וַ⁠יִּנָּֽגְע֛וּ & לִ⁠פְנֵי⁠הֶ֑ם	1	“let themselves be defeated before the people of Ai.” The phrase “before them” represents what the people of Ai would see and think. The phrase “be defeated” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “let the people of Ai think that the Israelites were defeated” or “let the people of Ai think that they had defeated the Israelites” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
277	8:15	w933			לִ⁠פְנֵי⁠הֶ֑ם	1	the army of Ai
278	8:15	bri5			וַ⁠יָּנֻ֖סוּ	1	The army of Israel fled.
279	8:16	dr3a			וַֽ⁠יִּרְדְּפוּ֙	1	These occurrences of “they” refer to the army of Ai.
280	8:16	m6sq			לִ⁠רְדֹּ֖ף אַחֲרֵי⁠הֶ֑ם	1	to go after the army of Isreal
281	8:16	lcb5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וַ⁠יִּזָּעֲק֗וּ כָּל־הָ⁠עָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר ב⁠עיר	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The city leaders called all the people in the city together” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
282	8:16	k8ff		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	כָּל־הָ⁠עָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר ב⁠עיר	1	The writer speaks in a general way about all the people, but “all the people” refers only to those who could fight. Alternate translation: “all the people in the city who could help chase the army of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
283	8:17	zip6			וַ⁠יַּעַזְב֤וּ אֶת־הָ⁠עִיר֙ פְּתוּחָ֔ה	1	“left the city gates open”
284	8:18	xe2m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	בְ⁠יָדְ⁠ךָ֖ אֶתְּנֶ֑⁠נָּה	1	Giving Ai into Israel’s hand represents giving Israel victory and control over Ai. Alternate translation: “I will give you victory over Ai” or “I will cause you to capture Ai” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
285	8:24	v2gf		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	כְּ⁠כַלּ֣וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵ֡ל לַ⁠הֲרֹג֩ אֶת־כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֨י & וַֽ⁠יִּפְּל֥וּ כֻלָּ֛⁠ם לְ⁠פִי־חֶ֖רֶב	1	The writer uses both of these sentences, which mean almost the same thing, to strongly say that the Israelites had obeyed God’s command to kill everyone in Ai. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
286	8:24	dd98		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	וַֽ⁠יִּפְּל֥וּ כֻלָּ֛⁠ם לְ⁠פִי־חֶ֖רֶב	1	Here “fallen” is a euphemism for dying. Also, “the edge of the sword” represents whole swords, and swords represent either battle or the army of Israel. Alternate translation: “had died in battle” or “had died when the army of Israel attacked them” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
287	8:25	d2ud		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	שְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ר אָ֑לֶף	1	“12,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
288	8:28	uiv3			שְׁמָמָ֔ה	1	It is a place where people once lived, but now, no one lives there.
289	8:29	wd9u			עַ֖ד הַ⁠יּ֥וֹם הַ⁠זֶּֽה	1	“today” or “even now”
290	8:30	xev4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בְּ⁠הַ֖ר עֵיבָֽל	1	a mountain in Canaan (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
291	8:35	ym6u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives	לֹֽא־הָיָ֣ה דָבָ֔ר מִ⁠כֹּ֖ל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֣ה מֹשֶׁ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹֽא־קָרָ֜א יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ	1	This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “Joshua read every word of all that Moses commanded” or “Joshua read the entire law of Moses” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
292	8:35	kdu7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	יִשְׂרָאֵל֙	1	This refers to the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
293	9:intro	w1cx				0	Joshua 09 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Israel’s mistake Israel was deceived because “they did not consult with Yahweh for guidance.” Instead of consulting Yahweh, they attempted to achieve victory under their own power. This was sinful. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
294	9:1	g4h4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֜ן	1	a shortened name for the Jordan River (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
295	9:2	uj94		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	פֶּ֖ה אֶחָֽד	1	Here “command” represents the one who commanded them. Being under him represents obeying his commands. Alternate translation: “obeying the commands of one leader” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
296	9:4	r5yb			בְּ⁠עָרְמָ֔ה	1	a crafty scheme intended to trick Joshua and the Israelites
297	9:5	q9v6			יָבֵ֖שׁ הָיָ֥ה נִקֻּדִֽים	1	“dry and filled with fungus” or “stale and ruined”
298	9:6	rz8e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל	1	This refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
299	9:7	w599		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הַ⁠חִוִּ֑י	1	This is another name for the Gibeonites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
300	9:7	t1r4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	אוּלַ֗י בְּ⁠קִרְבִּ⁠י֙ אַתָּ֣ה יוֹשֵׁ֔ב וְ⁠אֵ֖יךְ אֶֽכְרָת־לְ⁠ךָ֥ בְרִֽית	1	Joshua is emphasizing that the people of Israel have to follow the command of Yahweh above all else. Alternate translation: “If you do live near us, we cannot make a covenant with you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
301	9:10	kam4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	לְ⁠סִיחוֹן֙	1	This is the name of the defeated Amorite king. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
302	9:10	s17h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	חֶשְׁבּ֔וֹן	1	This is the name of the royal city of the nation of Moab. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
303	9:10	pz6y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וּ⁠לְ⁠ע֥וֹג	1	This is the name of the defeated king of Bashan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
304	9:10	p9ed		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בְּ⁠עַשְׁתָּרֽוֹת	1	This is the name of a city known for worshiping the goddess of the same name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
305	9:11	hq3m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	בְ⁠יֶדְ⁠כֶ֤ם	1	This phrase means “take with you.” Here the word “hand” represents the possession by the Gibeonites of the provisions. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
306	9:11	k7fe			לִ⁠קְרָאתָ֑⁠ם וַ⁠אֲמַרְתֶּ֤ם אֲלֵי⁠הֶם֙	1	The word “them” refers to the people of Israel.
307	9:15	f67z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	וַ⁠יַּ֨עַשׂ לָ⁠הֶ֤ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ֙ שָׁל֔וֹם וַ⁠יִּכְרֹ֥ת לָ⁠הֶ֛ם בְּרִ֖ית לְ⁠חַיּוֹתָ֑⁠ם וַ⁠יִּשָּׁבְע֣וּ לָ⁠הֶ֔ם נְשִׂיאֵ֖י הָ⁠עֵדָֽה	1	These two sentences are saying that the same thing occurred. Joshua, the leader of the nation of Israel, promised not to kill the Gibeonites. The leaders of the nation of Israel, likewise, made the same covenant. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
308	9:15	je8p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	הָ⁠עֵדָֽה	1	Here this refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
309	9:17	s1u5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	בַּ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠שְּׁלִישִׁ֑י	1	This refers to number three in order. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
310	9:17	q18q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠הַ⁠כְּפִירָ֔ה	1	This is one of the cities of the Gibeonites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
311	9:17	j671		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וּ⁠בְאֵר֖וֹת	1	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
312	9:17	alr9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠קִרְיַ֥ת יְעָרִֽים	1	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
313	9:19	a168			הָ֣⁠עֵדָ֔ה	1	Here this phrase refers to the nation of Israel.
314	9:21	wg7n			וַ֠⁠יִּֽהְיוּ חֹטְבֵ֨י עֵצִ֤ים וְ⁠שֹֽׁאֲבֵי־מַ֨יִם֙	1	“the Gibeonites became woodcutters and water carriers”
315	9:23	zlp7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	לְ⁠בֵ֥ית אֱלֹהָֽ⁠י	1	Here this phrase refers to the dwelling place of Yahweh, the Tabernacle. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
316	9:25	a5un		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	כַּ⁠טּ֨וֹב וְ⁠כַ⁠יָּשָׁ֧ר	1	The words “good” and “right” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “Whatever seems fair and just” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
317	9:26	gy9c			לָ⁠הֶ֖ם	1	The word “them” here refers to the Gibeonites.
318	9:27	p81s			עַד־הַ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֔ה	1	“even up to now.” This means that the people had continued to do these things even up to the day that the writer was living.
319	10:intro	uy1f				0	Joshua 10 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines in 10:12-13 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are a poem. Special concepts in this chapter “For Yahweh was waging war on behalf of Israel” Israel’s conquest of the Promised Land was Yahweh’s war on the ungodly Canaanites more than Israel’s war. This type of war was different from other wars and God gave Israel special instructions. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Idiom The people of Gibeon used an idiom when they called for help from Israel: “Do not withdraw your hands,” meaning “do not stop protecting.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
320	10:1	au8p			וַ⁠יְהִי֩	1	This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the writer tells about a new person in the story, Adoni-Zedek.
321	10:1	y65k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֲדֹֽנִי־צֶ֜דֶק	1	This is the name of a man who is an important king. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
322	10:3	y6ss		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	יַרְמ֜וּת & לָכִ֛ישׁ & עֶגְל֖וֹן	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
323	10:3	k9rg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הוֹהָ֣ם & פִּרְאָ֨ם & יָפִ֧יעַ & דְּבִ֥יר	1	These are the names of kings. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
324	10:4	ct5k			עֲלֽוּ־אֵלַ֣⁠י	1	“Travel to where I am.” Jerusalem was higher in elevation than other cities in Canaan.
325	10:5	d9vy		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת׀ מַלְכֵ֣י	1	“5 kings” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
326	10:5	m422		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	יַרְמוּת֙ & לָכִ֣ישׁ & עֶגְל֔וֹן	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
327	10:5	vs78			וַֽ⁠יַּחֲנוּ֙ עַל	1	This means they set up their camp around their city. This was a way of weakening those in the city. It prevented people from escaping the city, and it prevented others from bringing food and water to them in the city.
328	10:6	wk68			לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר	1	The word “They” here refers to Gibeonites.
329	10:6	zhx9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	אַל־תֶּ֥רֶף יָדֶ֖י⁠ךָ מֵֽ⁠עֲבָדֶ֑י⁠ךָ	1	This humble request is stated with two negatives to emphasize the need for a positive action. Alternate translation: “Please come and use your strength to protect us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
330	10:6	am1x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	יָדֶ֖י⁠ךָ	1	The word “hands” here refers to the people of Israel’s strength. Alternate translation: “your strength” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
331	10:8	c4uw		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	בְ⁠יָדְ⁠ךָ֖ נְתַתִּ֑י⁠ם	1	Here “hand” represents the people of Israel’s strength and their ability to defeat their enemy. The word “them” refers to the attacking army. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
332	10:8	du96			נְתַתִּ֑י⁠ם	1	Here the word “them” refers to the attacking armies.
333	10:9	ecq8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	וַ⁠יָּבֹ֧א אֲלֵי⁠הֶ֛ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ	1	The entire army of Israel is referred to here by the name of their commander, Joshua. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
334	10:10	sq89			וַ⁠יְהֻמֵּ֤⁠ם יְהוָה֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	1	Here “Israel” refers to the entire army of Israel.
335	10:10	yr7y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בֵית־חוֹרֹ֔ן & עֲזֵקָ֖ה & מַקֵּדָֽה	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
336	10:11	fbf9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בֵּית־חוֹרֹן֙ & עֲזֵקָ֖ה	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
337	10:11	tuc9			הִשְׁלִ֣יךְ עֲלֵי⁠הֶם֩ אֲבָנִ֨ים גְּדֹל֧וֹת מִן־הַ⁠שָּׁמַ֛יִם	1	“threw large hailstones from the sky”
338	10:12	si1e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	שֶׁ֚מֶשׁ בְּ⁠גִבְע֣וֹן דּ֔וֹם וְ⁠יָרֵ֖חַ בְּ⁠עֵ֥מֶק אַיָּלֽוֹן	1	Joshua is praying that Yahweh would make the progression of time stop on this day. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
339	10:12	j9zt		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	שֶׁ֚מֶשׁ & וְ⁠יָרֵ֖חַ	1	Joshua commands the sun and moon as if these were people. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
340	10:12	ug8m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בְּ⁠עֵ֥מֶק אַיָּלֽוֹן	1	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
341	10:13	dq14		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	גּוֹי֙	1	This refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
342	10:13	b91l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	הֲ⁠לֹא־הִ֥יא כְתוּבָ֖ה עַל־סֵ֣פֶר הַ⁠יָּשָׁ֑ר	1	The writer uses this question as background information to remind the reader that the incident is well-documented. Alternate translation: “This is written in The Book of Jashar.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
343	10:16	wcb9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בְּ⁠מַקֵּדָֽה	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
344	10:17	mns8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וַ⁠יֻּגַּ֖ד לִ⁠יהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ	1	Messengers came and told Joshua. Alternate translation: “Someone told Joshua” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
345	10:19	l8tl		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	בְּ⁠יֶדְ⁠כֶֽם	1	The phrase “your hand” here means “your control.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
346	10:21	kb3w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מַקֵּדָ֖ה	1	Translate the same way as you did in Joshua 10:10. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
347	10:21	py6w			לֹֽא־חָרַ֞ץ לִ⁠בְנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל לְ⁠אִ֖ישׁ אֶת־לְשֹׁנֽ⁠וֹ	1	“No one dared to say anything against” or “No one dared to complain or protest against”
348	10:22	zs9n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	פִּתְח֖וּ אֶת־פִּ֣י הַ⁠מְּעָרָ֑ה	1	Here “mouth” is an idiom that means “entrance.” Alternate translation: “Open the entrance of the cave” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
349	10:23	g4te		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	יַרְמ֔וּת & לָכִ֖ישׁ & עֶגְלֽוֹן	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
350	10:24	dnc1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	כָּל־אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל	1	Here the men of Israel represent only those who were soldiers. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
351	10:27	e9z9			עַד־עֶ֖צֶם הַ⁠יּ֥וֹם הַ⁠זֶּֽה	1	“until the author wrote this story”
352	10:28	e1nc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מַקֵּדָ֔ה	1	This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in Joshua 10:10. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
353	10:28	nhk6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	הֶחֱרִ֣ם אוֹתָ֗⁠ם וְ⁠אֶת־כָּל־הַ⁠נֶּ֨פֶשׁ֙ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֔⁠הּ לֹ֥א הִשְׁאִ֖יר שָׂרִ֑יד	1	The second sentence summarizes the first sentence to emphasize that Joshua left no person or animal alive. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
354	10:29	k439		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	לִבְנָ֑ה	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
355	10:31	dsk6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מִ⁠לִּבְנָ֖ה לָכִ֑ישָׁ⁠ה	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
356	10:32	yw79		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	בְּ⁠יַ֣ד יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל	1	Here their “hand” represents their control. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave Lachish into the control of the nation of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
357	10:33	rff2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הֹרָם֙	1	This is the name of a man who is an important king. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
358	10:33	lp2c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	גֶּ֔זֶר & אֶת־לָכִ֑ישׁ	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
359	10:34	y3g9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מִ⁠לָּכִ֖ישׁ עֶגְלֹ֑נָ⁠ה	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
360	10:35	dqi7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	וַ⁠יַּכּ֣וּ⁠הָ לְ⁠פִי־חֶ֔רֶב וְ⁠אֵת֙ כָּל־הַ⁠נֶּ֣פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר־ & הַ⁠ה֖וּא הֶחֱרִ֑ים	1	These two phrases have similar meanings. Together they show the completeness of the destruction of Eglon. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
361	10:36	a6ng		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מֵ⁠עֶגְל֖וֹנָ⁠ה	1	This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in Joshua 10:3. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
362	10:37	gba2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וַ⁠יִּלְכְּד֣וּ⁠הָ וַ⁠יַּכּֽוּ⁠הָ־לְ⁠פִי־חֶ֠רֶב	1	The sword represents the army of Israel and striking expresses the idea of slaughter and destruction. Alternate translation: “They captured and killed and destroyed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
363	10:38	mr8b		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	דְּבִ֑רָ⁠ה	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
364	10:39	g2ta		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	לִ⁠דְבִ֨רָ⁠ה֙ & לְ⁠לִבְנָ֖ה	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
365	10:39	m8bf		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וַ⁠יַּכּ֣וּ⁠ם לְ⁠פִי־חֶ֔רֶב	1	The sword represents the army of Israel and striking expresses the idea of slaughter and destruction. Alternate translation: “They killed and destroyed them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
366	10:40	u843		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	וְ⁠אֵת֙ כָּל־מַלְכֵי⁠הֶ֔ם לֹ֥א הִשְׁאִ֖יר שָׂרִ֑יד וְ⁠אֵ֤ת כָּל־הַ⁠נְּשָׁמָה֙ הֶחֱרִ֔ים	1	These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize the complete destruction that the people of Israel accomplished at Yahweh’s command. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
367	10:42	qy8i			כָּל־הַ⁠מְּלָכִ֤ים הָ⁠אֵ֨לֶּה֙ וְ⁠אֶת־אַרְצָ֔⁠ם לָכַ֥ד יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ	1	This refers to the kings and lands that were listed beginning in Joshua 10:28.
368	10:42	rbp2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	לָכַ֥ד יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ	1	Here Joshua represents his whole army. Alternate translation: “Joshua and his soldiers captured” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
369	10:42	f9tx			פַּ֣עַם אֶחָ֑ת	1	This does not mean in one day. It means during one military campaign, which may have lasted many days or weeks.
370	11:intro	g8mw				0	Joshua 11 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Yahweh overcomes the united forces of the northern kingdoms Yahweh said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid in their presence, because tomorrow at this time I am giving them all to Israel as dead men.” Even when the kingdoms of Canaan joined forces, they were not able to overcome the power of Yahweh. Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter “Yahweh gave the enemy into the hand of Israel” This phrase may present difficulties in translation. The translator should ensure that Yahweh receives credit for Israel’s victory. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
371	11:1	a1ca		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	יָבִ֣ין & יוֹבָב֙	1	These are names of kings. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
372	11:1	zi5u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	חָצ֑וֹר & מָד֔וֹן & שִׁמְר֖וֹן & אַכְשָֽׁף	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
373	11:2	gz61		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	כִּֽנֲר֖וֹת & וּ⁠בְ⁠נָפ֥וֹת דּ֖וֹר	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
374	11:3	rds6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	חֶרְמ֔וֹן	1	This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
375	11:4	d9fb				0	All the Canaanite kings attack Joshua and the nation of Israel.
376	11:4	e5l4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	וְ⁠כָל־מַֽחֲנֵי⁠הֶם֙ עִמָּ֔⁠ם עַם־רָ֕ב כַּ⁠ח֛וֹל אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־שְׂפַת־הַ⁠יָּ֖ם לָ⁠רֹ֑ב	1	No one can count the grains of sand on the seashore. This exaggeration emphasizes the very large number of soldiers that these kings assembled. Alternate translation: “such a great number of soldiers that there appeared to be as many of them as there are grains of sand on the seashore” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
377	11:5	kc2e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מֵר֔וֹם	1	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
378	11:6	n348		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	אָנֹכִ֞י נֹתֵ֧ן אֶת־כֻּלָּ֛⁠ם חֲלָלִ֖ים לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	1	Yahweh enabling Israel to conquer the enemy army and kill all of the soldiers is spoken of as if Yahweh killed the soldiers and then gave them to Israel. Alternate translation: “I will enable Israel to kill all of them in battle” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
379	11:6	lgk2			אֶת־סוּסֵי⁠הֶ֣ם תְּעַקֵּ֔ר	1	“cripple their horses by cutting their legs.” This is a practice where the tendons in the backs of the legs are cut so that the horses cannot walk.
380	11:7	sm9k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מֵר֖וֹם	1	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
381	11:8	cw9y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וַ⁠יִּתְּנֵ֨⁠ם יְהוָ֥ה בְּ⁠יַֽד־יִשְׂרָאֵל֮	1	Here the word “hand” represents power. Yahweh enabling the army of Israel to conquer their enemy is spoken of as if Yahweh had put the enemy army into Israel’s hand. Alternate translation: “Yahweh enabled Israel to conquer the enemy” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
382	11:8	n4ub			וַ⁠יַּכּוּ⁠ם֒ & וַ⁠יַּכֻּ֕⁠ם	1	“attacked them … attacked them”
383	11:8	m9b1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מִשְׂרְפ֣וֹת מַ֔יִם	1	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
384	11:9	q7dn			עִקֵּ֔ר	1	This is a practice where the tendons in the backs of the legs are cut so that the horses cannot run. See how you translated this word in Joshua 11:6.
385	11:10	pbp8			מַלְכָּ֖⁠הּ הִכָּ֣ה בֶ⁠חָ֑רֶב	1	“Joshua killed the king of Hazor with his sword”
386	11:10	cjd1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	חָצ֣וֹר לְ⁠פָנִ֔ים הִ֕יא רֹ֖אשׁ כָּל־הַ⁠מַּמְלָכ֥וֹת הָ⁠אֵֽלֶּה	1	Hazor being the most important city is spoken of as Hazor being the head of the other kingdoms. Alternate translation: Hazor had been the most important of all these kingdoms” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
387	11:11	be72		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	וַ֠⁠יַּכּוּ אֶת־כָּל־הַ⁠נֶּ֨פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֤⁠הּ לְ⁠פִי־חֶ֨רֶב֙ הַֽחֲרֵ֔ם לֹ֥א נוֹתַ֖ר כָּל־נְשָׁמָ֑ה	1	These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize complete destruction. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
388	11:11	z2md		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	הַֽחֲרֵ֔ם	1	The word “he” refers to Joshua and represents himself and his army. Completely destroying every living thing in the city is spoken of as if those living things were dedicated for destruction. Alternate translation: “the army completely destroyed them” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
389	11:12	i5tz			וַ⁠יַּכֵּ֥⁠ם לְ⁠פִי־חֶ֖רֶב	1	“killed them”
390	11:13	f8kv			הֶ⁠עָרִ֗ים הָ⁠עֹֽמְדוֹת֙ עַל־תִּלָּ֔⁠ם	1	“cities built on small hills”
391	11:14	grk1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns	לָ⁠הֶ֖ם	1	This phrase refers to the army of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
392	11:14	n215		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	אֶֽת־כָּל־הָ⁠אָדָ֞ם הִכּ֣וּ לְ⁠פִי־חֶ֗רֶב עַד־הִשְׁמִדָ⁠ם֙ אוֹתָ֔⁠ם לֹ֥א הִשְׁאִ֖ירוּ כָּל־נְשָׁמָֽה	1	These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize complete destruction. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
393	11:15	ta4x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	לֹֽא־הֵסִ֣יר דָּבָ֔ר מִ⁠כֹּ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־מֹשֶֽׁה	1	This negative phrase emphasizes that Joshua did everything that Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: “Joshua did everything that Yahweh commanded” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
394	11:17	yr6b		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הָ⁠הָ֤ר הֶֽ⁠חָלָק֙ & בַּ֤עַל גָּד֙	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
395	11:20	pq7v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	מֵ⁠אֵ֣ת יְהוָ֣ה׀ הָיְתָ֡ה לְ⁠חַזֵּ֣ק אֶת־לִבָּ⁠ם֩	1	Yahweh causing the people of the cities to be stubborn is spoken of as if Yahweh had hardened their hearts. Alternate translation: “it was Yahweh who caused them to act stubbornly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
396	11:21	im1q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־הָֽ⁠עֲנָקִים֙	1	These are the descendants of Anak. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
397	11:21	p6cd		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	דְּבִ֣ר & עֲנָ֔ב	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
398	11:23	qe5v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וַ⁠יִּתְּנָ⁠הּ֩ יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ לְ⁠נַחֲלָ֧ה לְ⁠יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל	1	Joshua giving the land to the Israelites is spoken of as if he had given the Israelites an inheritance as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “Joshua gave the land to the Israelites as a permanent possession” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
399	11:23	x695		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	וְ⁠הָ⁠אָ֥רֶץ שָׁקְטָ֖ה מִ⁠מִּלְחָמָֽה	1	The people no longer fighting wars is spoken of as if the land were a person who rested from war. Alternate translation: “the people no longer fought wars in the land” or “there was peace in the land” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
400	12:intro	ga6k				0	Joshua 12 General Notes Structure and formatting The ULT sets the lines in 12:2-5 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are part of a long list.
401	12:1	e45x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	וְ⁠אֵ֣לֶּה	1	This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the writer begins to provide background information. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
402	12:1	fe2c			וְ⁠אֵ֣לֶּה׀ מַלְכֵ֣י	1	This refers to the list of kings that continues through verse 24.
403	12:1	g8ju		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הָ⁠עֲרָבָ֖ה	1	These are the names of a region of land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
404	12:2	uv1m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מֵ⁠עֲרוֹעֵ֡ר	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
405	12:2	ts6s			סִיחוֹן֙ & בְּ⁠חֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן	1	See how you translated these words in Joshua 9:10.
406	12:3	dh7d			יָ֨ם כִּנְר֜וֹת	1	This is a place. See how you translated this in Joshua 11:2.
407	12:3	gc3x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בֵּ֣ית הַיְשִׁמ֑וֹת & הַ⁠פִּסְגָּֽה	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
408	12:4	zb6d			ע֚וֹג מֶ֣לֶךְ הַ⁠בָּשָׁ֔ן	1	See how you translated this man’s name in Joshua 9:10.
409	12:4	m4ct		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הָ⁠רְפָאִ֑ים	1	These are the names of people groups. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
410	12:4	t7hy		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בְּ⁠עַשְׁתָּר֖וֹת וּ⁠בְ⁠אֶדְרֶֽעִי	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
411	12:5	vu4f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וּ⁠בְ⁠סַלְכָה֙	1	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
412	12:5	sbq3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠הַ⁠מַּעֲכָתִ֑י	1	This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
413	12:6	bsj6			לָ⁠רֻֽאוּבֵנִי֙	1	These are the descendants of Reuben.
414	12:6	p8zt			וְ⁠לַ⁠גָּדִ֔י	1	These are the descendants of Gad.
415	12:6	zk48			וְ⁠לַ⁠חֲצִ֖י שֵׁ֥בֶט הַֽ⁠מְנַשֶּֽׁה	1	They are called a half tribe because the other half of the tribe received an inheritance in the land of Canaan.
416	12:7	nie7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מִ⁠בַּ֤עַל גָּד֙ & הָ⁠הָ֥ר הֶ⁠חָלָ֖ק	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
417	12:8	z37z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וּ⁠בָֽ⁠עֲרָבָה֙	1	This is the name of a region of land. Translate as in Joshua 12:1. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
418	12:10	ps2m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	חֶבְר֖וֹן	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
419	12:11	aj97		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	יַרְמוּת֙ & לָכִ֖ישׁ	1	These are the names of cities. Translate in the same way you did in Joshua 10:3. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
420	12:12	bgl2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	עֶגְלוֹן֙ & גֶּ֖זֶר	1	These are the names of cities. Translate “Eglon” in the same way you did in Joshua 10:3. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
421	12:13	mgg8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	דְּבִר֙ & גֶּ֖דֶר	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
422	12:14	e9ba		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	חָרְמָה֙ & עֲרָ֖ד	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
423	12:15	nec9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	לִבְנָה֙ & עֲדֻלָּ֖ם	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
424	12:16	se49		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מַקֵּדָה֙	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
425	12:17	g346		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	תַּפּ֨וּחַ֙ & חֵ֖פֶר	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
426	12:18	m8vl		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֲפֵק֙ & לַ⁠שָּׁר֖וֹן	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
427	12:19	ga17		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מָדוֹן֙ & חָצ֖וֹר	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
428	12:20	cq4i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	שִׁמְר֤וֹן מְראוֹן֙ & אַכְשָׁ֖ף	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
429	12:21	pv5n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	תַּעְנַךְ֙ & מְגִדּ֖וֹ	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
430	12:22	z2b9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	קֶ֨דֶשׁ֙ & יָקְנֳעָ֥ם	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
431	12:23	a6eq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	דּ֛וֹר לְ⁠נָפַ֥ת דּ֖וֹר & גּוֹיִ֥ם	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
432	12:24	kv8w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	תִּרְצָ֖ה	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
433	12:24	aeg5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	כָּל־מְלָכִ֖ים שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים וְ⁠אֶחָֽד	1	“31 in all” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
434	13:intro	zl7s				0	Joshua 13 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter begins a section about dividing the land between the tribes of Israel. Special concepts in this chapter Division of the land There was still much land to be captured west of the Jordan River, but the tribe of Reuben, Gad and half of the tribe of Mannasah received their land east of the Jordan. This land had been promised to them in Numbers 32. Driving out the people While Yahweh achieved many great victories through Joshua, Israel was still supposed to drive out the rest of the Canaanites. Israel’s success in this would depend on their faith in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])
435	13:2	s51z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	זֹ֥את הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ הַ⁠נִּשְׁאָ֑רֶת	1	You may clarify that this is the land that Israel still needs to capture. Alternate translation: “This is the land that still remains for Israel to capture” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
436	13:3	q1nv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הַ⁠שִּׁיח֞וֹר	1	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
437	13:3	a3iw		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	לַֽ⁠כְּנַעֲנִ֖י תֵּחָשֵׁ֑ב	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which the Canaanites now consider their property” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
438	13:3	jnl3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠הָ⁠עַוִּֽים	1	This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
439	13:4	b13s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וּ⁠מְעָרָ֛ה & אֲפֵ֑קָ⁠ה	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
440	13:5	bj71		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מִ⁠בַּ֣עַל גָּ֔ד & הַר־חֶרְמ֑וֹן	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
441	13:5	jd8r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הַ⁠גִּבְלִ֗י	1	This is the name of a people group who lived in Geba. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
442	13:6	b7pk		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מִשְׂרְפֹ֥ת מַ֨יִם֙	1	this is the name of a place (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
443	13:6	si8i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	לְ⁠יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ בְּֽ⁠נַחֲלָ֔ה	1	The land that Israel will claim is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they will receive as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
444	13:9	gfc4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מֵ⁠עֲרוֹעֵ֡ר & מֵידְבָ֖א & דִּיבֽוֹן	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
445	13:9	lk8d			הַ⁠נַּ֛חַל	1	a place where the river is far below the land on the sides
446	13:9	t2an			הַ⁠מִּישֹׁ֥ר	1	flat land high above rivers
447	13:10	zm4w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בְּ⁠חֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
448	13:11	whz4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	סַלְכָֽה	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
449	13:11	kc79			וּ⁠גְב֧וּל הַ⁠גְּשׁוּרִ֣י וְ⁠הַ⁠מַּעֲכָתִ֗י	1	“the land where the Geshurites and Maacathites lived”
450	13:11	l98j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠הַ⁠מַּעֲכָתִ֗י	1	These are the names of people groups. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
451	13:12	hw24		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בְּ⁠עַשְׁתָּר֖וֹת וּ⁠בְ⁠אֶדְרֶ֑עִי	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
452	13:12	u2dn		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הָ⁠רְפָאִ֔ים	1	This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
453	13:12	l1cu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	וַ⁠יַּכֵּ֥⁠ם מֹשֶׁ֖ה	1	Here “Moses” represents himself and the Israelite army that Moses led. Alternate translation: “Moses and the Israelites attacked them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
454	13:13	zb9l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־הַ⁠גְּשׁוּרִ֖י וְ⁠אֶת־הַ⁠מַּעֲכָתִ֑י	1	These are the names of people groups. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
455	13:13	hu1n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	גְּשׁ֤וּר וּ⁠מַֽעֲכָת֙ בְּ⁠קֶ֣רֶב יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	1	“Geshur” and “Maacath” are either the names of the ancestors of “the Geshurites” and “the Maacathites” or are the names of the cities in which they lived. Alternate translation: “those people live among Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
456	13:13	xw7d			עַ֖ד הַ⁠יּ֥וֹם הַ⁠זֶּֽה	1	This refers to the period of time in which the author wrote this book.
457	13:14	zs6y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	לֹ֥א נָתַ֖ן נַחֲלָ֑ה	1	The land that Moses assigned to the tribes of Israel is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
458	13:14	v9zc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	אִשֵּׁ֨י יְהוָ֜ה & ה֣וּא נַחֲלָת֔⁠וֹ	1	The writer speaks of the great honor that the Levites had by serving Yahweh as priests as if the offerings were something that they would inherit. Alternate translation: “The offerings of Yahweh … are what they will have for their provision” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
459	13:14	br61			אִשֵּׁ֨י יְהוָ֜ה	1	“offerings that the people were to bring to Yahweh”
460	13:14	lz8a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	אִשֵּׁ֨י	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the priests burned with fire” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
461	13:16	f1uv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מֵ⁠עֲרוֹעֵ֡ר & מֵידְבָֽא	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
462	13:16	s5yv			נַ֨חַל & הַ⁠מִּישֹׁ֖ר	1	See how you translated these words in Joshua 13:9.
463	13:17	y6iu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	חֶשְׁבּ֥וֹן & דִּיבוֹן֙ וּ⁠בָמ֣וֹת בַּ֔עַל וּ⁠בֵ֖ית בַּ֥עַל מְעֽוֹן	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
464	13:18	i4fe		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠יַ֥הְצָ⁠ה וּ⁠קְדֵמֹ֖ת וּ⁠מֵפָֽעַת	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
465	13:19	f1h3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠קִרְיָתַ֣יִם וְ⁠שִׂבְמָ֔ה וְ⁠צֶ֥רֶת הַשַּׁ֖חַר	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
466	13:20	is7v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וּ⁠בֵ֥ית פְּע֛וֹר & הַ⁠פִּסְגָּ֖ה וּ⁠בֵ֥ית הַיְשִׁמֽוֹת	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
467	13:21	uld7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בְּ⁠חֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
468	13:21	j6hq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	סִיחוֹן֙ & אֶת־אֱוִ֤י וְ⁠אֶת־רֶ֨קֶם֙ וְ⁠אֶת־צ֤וּר וְ⁠אֶת־חוּר֙ וְ⁠אֶת־רֶ֔בַע	1	These are the names of people. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
469	13:21	x56e			אֹת֣⁠וֹ׀ וְ⁠אֶת־נְשִׂיאֵ֣י מִדְיָ֗ן	1	“as he had defeated the leaders of Midian”
470	13:23	gc1r			וּ⁠גְב֑וּל זֹ֣את	1	The Jordan River was the western border of the land that the tribe of Reuben received.
471	13:23	x56m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וּ⁠גְב֑וּל זֹ֣את נַחֲלַ֤ת בְּנֵֽי־רְאוּבֵן֙	1	The land that Moses assigned to the tribe of Reuben is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that the tribe of Reuben received as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
472	13:23	ud8m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֔⁠ם	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that Moses gave to each of their clans” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
473	13:25	fmp2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	יַעְזֵר֙ & עֲרוֹעֵ֕ר & רַבָּֽה	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
474	13:26	mr54		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וּ⁠מֵ⁠חֶשְׁבּ֛וֹן & רָמַ֥ת הַ⁠מִּצְפֶּ֖ה וּ⁠בְטֹנִ֑ים וּ⁠מִֽ⁠מַּחֲנַ֖יִם & לִדְבִֽר	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
475	13:27	ie4m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בֵּ֣ית הָרָם֩ וּ⁠בֵ֨ית נִמְרָ֜ה וְ⁠סֻכּ֣וֹת וְ⁠צָפ֗וֹן & חֶשְׁבּ֔וֹן	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
476	13:28	hla2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	זֹ֛את נַחֲלַ֥ת בְּנֵי־גָ֖ד	1	The land that Moses assigned to the tribe of Gad is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that the tribe of Gad received as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
477	13:29	we69		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וַ⁠יִּתֵּ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֔ה לַ⁠חֲצִ֖י שֵׁ֣בֶט מְנַשֶּׁ֑ה	1	The land that Moses assigned to the half tribe of Manasseh is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that he gave to them as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
478	13:29	gs84			לַ⁠חֲצִ֖י שֵׁ֣בֶט מְנַשֶּׁ֑ה	1	Only half of the tribe received this land because the other half received land on the other side of the Jordan River.
479	13:29	p8yw		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וַ⁠יְהִ֗י לַ⁠חֲצִ֛י	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses assigned it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
480	13:30	s32g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מִ⁠מַּחֲנַ֨יִם & יָאִ֛יר	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
481	13:31	b2aa		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠עַשְׁתָּר֣וֹת וְ⁠אֶדְרֶ֔עִי	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
482	13:31	zde9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	לִ⁠בְנֵ֤י	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses assigned these” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
483	13:31	g5si		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מָכִ֖יר	1	This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
484	13:32	hh57		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	אֵ֕לֶּה אֲשֶׁר־נִחַ֥ל מֹשֶׁ֖ה	1	The land that Moses assigned to the tribes of Israel on the east side of the Jordan is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that Moses gave to them as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This is the land that Moses assigned to them as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
485	13:33	ce57		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ ה֣וּא נַחֲלָתָ֔⁠ם	1	The writer speaks of the great honor that the Levites had by serving Yahweh as priests as if Yahweh were something that they would inherit. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, the God of Israel, is what they have” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
486	14:intro	dsn7				0	Joshua 14 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Drive them out The Israelites were to completely drive out the Canaanites. If they did not drive them out completely, the Canaanites would cause the Israelites to worship other gods. It was sinful to allow the Canaanites to remain in the land. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
487	14:1	u4tc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וְ⁠אֵ֛לֶּה אֲשֶׁר־נָחֲל֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	1	The land that the people of Israel acquired is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
488	14:1	ql64			אֲב֥וֹת הַ⁠מַּטּ֖וֹת	1	“leaders of the tribes”
489	14:2	f1ux		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	בְּ⁠גוֹרַ֖ל נַחֲלָתָ֑⁠ם	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Eleazar, Joshua, and the tribal leaders cast lots to determine the inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
490	14:2	ti9l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	בְּ⁠יַד־מֹשֶׁ֔ה	1	Here the word “hand” refers to Moses himself and means that Yahweh used Moses as the agent to deliver his command. Alternate translation: “through Moses” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
491	14:3	ptq4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	כִּֽי־נָתַ֨ן מֹשֶׁ֜ה נַחֲלַ֨ת שְׁנֵ֤י הַ⁠מַּטּוֹת֙ וַ⁠חֲצִ֣י הַ⁠מַּטֶּ֔ה מֵ⁠עֵ֖בֶר לַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֑ן וְ⁠לַ֨⁠לְוִיִּ֔ם לֹֽא־נָתַ֥ן נַחֲלָ֖ה בְּ⁠תוֹכָֽ⁠ם	1	The land that Moses gave to the tribes is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
492	14:4	tye1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וְ⁠לֹֽא־נָתְנוּ֩ חֵ֨לֶק לַ⁠לְוִיִּ֜ם בָּ⁠אָ֗רֶץ	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “And Moses did not give a portion of the inheritance to the Levites in the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
493	14:4	c5l6			חֵ֨לֶק	1	“part”
494	14:4	tj8s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	כִּ֤י אִם־עָרִים֙ לָ⁠שֶׁ֔בֶת	1	The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “but he gave to them only certain cities to live in” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
495	14:4	m4nv			וּ⁠מִ֨גְרְשֵׁי⁠הֶ֔ם	1	fields of grass for the livestock to eat
496	14:4	j8ys			וּ⁠לְ⁠קִנְיָנָֽ⁠ם	1	physical things they needed so they could provide for their families
497	14:6	b9tc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	יְפֻנֶּ֖ה	1	This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
498	14:6	g6g8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הַ⁠קְּנִזִּ֑י	1	This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
499	14:7	wqe2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וָ⁠אָשֵׁ֤ב אֹת⁠וֹ֙ דָּבָ֔ר כַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֖ר עִם־לְבָבִֽ⁠י	1	Here the word “heart” represents the thoughts. The phrase is an idiom that refers to a report that is given honestly. Alternate translation: “I brought back to him an honest report” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
500	14:8	q6zs		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	הִמְסִ֖יו אֶת־לֵ֣ב הָ⁠עָ֑ם	1	Making the people very afraid is spoken of as if it were making the hearts of the people melt. Alternate translation: “made the people very afraid” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
501	14:8	d53a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וְ⁠אָנֹכִ֣י מִלֵּ֔אתִי אַחֲרֵ֖י יְהוָ֥ה	1	Being loyal to Yahweh is spoken of as if it were completely following Yahweh. Alternate translation: “I remained loyal to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
502	14:9	ew2r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	הָ⁠אָ֨רֶץ֙ & בָּ֔⁠הּ לְ⁠ךָ֨ תִֽהְיֶ֧ה לְ⁠נַחֲלָ֛ה וּ⁠לְ⁠בָנֶ֖י⁠ךָ עַד־עוֹלָ֑ם	1	The land that Caleb and his descendants would have is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they would receive as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
503	14:9	shc9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	הָ⁠אָ֨רֶץ֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר דָּרְכָ֤ה רַגְלְ⁠ךָ֙	1	Here “your foot” represents Caleb. Alternate translation: “the land on which you have walked” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
504	14:10	m9sn			הִנֵּה֩	1	“pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important”
505	14:10	c4ma			אֲשֶׁר־הָלַ֥ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בַּ⁠מִּדְבָּ֑ר	1	“while the people of Israel traveled in the wilderness”
506	14:11	q443			כְּ⁠כֹ֥חִ⁠י אָ֖ז וּ⁠כְ⁠כֹ֣חִ⁠י עָ֑תָּה	1	“I am still as strong now as I was then”
507	14:11	y4nf		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וְ⁠לָ⁠צֵ֥את וְ⁠לָ⁠בֽוֹא	1	This is an idiom that refers to daily activities. Alternate translation: “for the things I do every day” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
508	14:12	r8ka			אֶת־הָ⁠הָ֣ר	1	Possible meanings are 1) many large hills or small mountains or 2) one mountain.
509	14:12	ner3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	עֲנָקִ֣ים	1	This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
510	14:13	q6ae		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וַ⁠יִּתֵּ֧ן אֶת־חֶבְר֛וֹן לְ⁠כָלֵ֥ב	1	Hebron is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that Caleb received as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
511	14:14	gji6			עַ֖ד הַ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה	1	This refers to the period of time in which the author wrote this book.
512	14:14	zii3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	מִלֵּ֔א אַחֲרֵ֕י יְהוָ֖ה	1	Being loyal to Yahweh is spoken of as if it were completely following Yahweh. Alternate translation: “he remained loyal to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
513	14:15	hyh6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	קִרְיַ֣ת אַרְבַּ֔ע	1	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
514	14:15	wv1z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	וְ⁠הָ⁠אָ֥רֶץ שָׁקְטָ֖ה מִ⁠מִּלְחָמָֽה	1	The people no longer fighting wars is spoken of as if the land were a person who rested from war. See how you translated this phrase in Joshua 11:23. Alternate translation: “Then the people no longer fought wars in the land” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
515	15:intro	ght5				0	Joshua 15 General Notes Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Judah. It will be difficult to fully understand their location without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the location of their land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
516	15:1	ex51		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	צִ֛ן	1	This is the name of the wilderness area. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
517	15:2	k5za			מִ⁠קְצֵ֖ה יָ֣ם הַ⁠מֶּ֑לַח מִן־הַ⁠לָּשֹׁ֖ן הַ⁠פֹּנֶ֥ה נֶֽגְבָּ⁠ה	1	“from the bay that faces south at the end of the Salt Sea.” These two phrases refer to the same location. The second phrase clarifies the point at which the southern border begins.
518	15:2	j6xn			מִן־הַ⁠לָּשֹׁ֖ן הַ⁠פֹּנֶ֥ה נֶֽגְבָּ⁠ה	1	“from the bay that extends to the south” or “from the southern bay”
519	15:2	qj2g			הַ⁠לָּשֹׁ֖ן	1	smaller part of the sea that extends into the land
520	15:3	kb99		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	עַקְרַבִּים֙ & צִ֔נָ⁠ה & חֶצְרוֹן֙ & אַדָּ֔רָ⁠ה & הַ⁠קַּרְקָֽעָ⁠ה	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
521	15:4	nzh3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	עַצְמ֗וֹנָ⁠ה	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
522	15:4	d1b1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	נַ֣חַל מִצְרַ֔יִם	1	a small river of water at the southwestern edge of the land, near Egypt (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
523	15:5	xrg4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	מִ⁠קְצֵ֖ה הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּֽן	1	The point at which the river empties into the sea is spoken of as if it were the mouth of the river. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
524	15:5	bl5c			וּ⁠גְב֞וּל	1	“border … was”
525	15:6	lbt5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בֵּ֣ית חָגְלָ֔ה & לְ⁠בֵ֣ית הָעֲרָבָ֑ה	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
526	15:6	eqi7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶ֥בֶן בֹּ֖הַן	1	This was likely a large stone that someone set up as a landmark and named after the man, Bohan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
527	15:7	n7k5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	דְּבִרָ⁠ה֮ מֵ⁠עֵ֣מֶק עָכוֹר֒ & הַ⁠גִּלְגָּ֗ל & לְ⁠מַעֲלֵ֣ה אֲדֻמִּ֔ים & מֵי־עֵ֣ין שֶׁ֔מֶ & עֵ֥ין רֹגֵֽל	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
528	15:8	qa4u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	גֵּ֣י בֶן־הִנֹּ֗ם & עֵֽמֶק־רְפָאִ֖ים	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
529	15:9	hb3j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	נֶפְתּ֔וֹחַ & הַר־עֶפְר֑וֹן & קִרְיַ֥ת יְעָרִֽים	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
530	15:10	h92v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מִ⁠בַּעֲלָ֥ה & הַ֣ר שֵׂעִ֔יר & הַר־יְעָרִ֛ים & כְסָל֑וֹן & בֵּֽית־שֶׁ֖מֶשׁ & תִּמְנָֽה	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
531	15:11	n6qt		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	שִׁכְּר֔וֹנָ⁠ה & הַר־הַֽ⁠בַּעֲלָ֖ה & יַבְנְאֵ֑ל	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
532	15:13	gx9f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־קִרְיַ֥ת אַרְבַּ֛ע	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
533	15:13	v154		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אַרְבַּ֛ע & הָ⁠עֲנָ֖ק	1	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
534	15:14	jp1i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	אֶת־שְׁלוֹשָׁ֖ה בְּנֵ֣י הָ⁠עֲנָ֑ק אֶת־שֵׁשַׁ֤י וְ⁠אֶת־אֲחִימַן֙ וְ⁠אֶת־תַּלְמַ֔י יְלִידֵ֖י הָ⁠עֲנָֽק	1	These names represent clans of people who were descendants of Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai. The words “sons” and “descendants” in this context mean the same thing. Alternate translation: “the three clans, Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai, who were descendants of Anak” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
535	15:14	q23k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הָ⁠עֲנָ֑ק אֶת־שֵׁשַׁ֤י וְ⁠אֶת־אֲחִימַן֙ וְ⁠אֶת־תַּלְמַ֔י	1	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
536	15:15	n52j			וַ⁠יַּ֣עַל מִ⁠שָּׁ֔ם אֶל	1	“He went up from there to fight against”
537	15:15	k99v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	דְּבִ֥ר & קִרְיַת־סֵֽפֶר	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
538	15:16	hs9c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־קִרְיַת־סֵ֖פֶר	1	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
539	15:16	z82q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־עַכְסָ֥ה	1	This is a woman’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
540	15:17	kvc1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	עָתְנִיאֵ֥ל & קְנַ֖ז	1	These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
541	15:18	d6qf		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	בְּ⁠בוֹאָ֗⁠הּ	1	This is an idiom that refers to Aksah becoming Othniel’s wife. Alternate translation: “when Aksah became Othniel’s wife” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
542	15:18	ia6d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations	וַ⁠תְּסִיתֵ֨⁠הוּ֙ לִ⁠שְׁא֤וֹל מֵֽ⁠אֵת־אָבִ֨י⁠הָ֙ שָׂדֶ֔ה	1	This can be translated as direct speech. Alternate translation: “she urged him, ‘Ask my father to give me a field.’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
543	15:19	nun3			אֵ֚ת גֻּלֹּ֣ת עִלִּיּ֔וֹת וְ⁠אֵ֖ת גֻּלֹּ֥ת תַּחְתִּיּֽוֹת	1	The words “upper” and “lower” likely refer to the geographical altitude of the water springs.
544	15:20	q76c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵי־יְהוּדָ֖ה	1	The land that the tribe of Judah received is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land that the tribe of Judah received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
545	15:21	lgx2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names		0	The writer lists the southern cities of which Judah took possession. The list continues through Joshua 15:32. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
546	15:33	tn8z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names		0	The writer lists the northern cities of which Judah took possession. The list continues through Joshua 15:47. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
547	15:46	dfe2			וְ⁠חַצְרֵי⁠הֶֽן	1	villages
548	15:47	hsx1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	נַ֣חַל מִצְרָ֑יִם	1	a small river of water at the southwestern edge of the land near Egypt (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
549	15:48	m88k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names		1	The writer lists cities of which Judah took possession. The list continues through Joshua 15:63. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
550	15:63	j68z			עַ֖ד הַ⁠יּ֥וֹם הַ⁠זֶּֽה	1	This refers to the period of time in which the author wrote this book.
551	16:intro	bpv3				0	Joshua 16 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Drive them out The Israelites were to completely drive out the Canaanites. If they did not drive them out completely, the Canaanites would cause the Israelites to worship other gods. It was sinful to allow the Canaanites to remain in the land. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Ephraim, one of Joseph’s sons. It will be difficult to fully understand their location without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the location of their land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
552	16:1	b1k9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	לִ⁠בְנֵ֤י יוֹסֵף֙	1	The “tribe of Joseph” consisted of the tribes of Joseph’s two sons, Manasseh and Ephraim. Since half of the tribe of Manasseh had settled east of the Jordan, this phrase refers to the tribe of Ephraim and the other half of the tribe of Manasseh. Alternate translation: “the tribe of Ephraim and the other half of the tribe of Manasseh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
553	16:2	g9td		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	ל֑וּזָ⁠ה & עֲטָרֽוֹת	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
554	16:2	zs9f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הָ⁠אַרְכִּ֖י	1	This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
555	16:3	w8gi		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הַ⁠יַּפְלֵטִ֗י	1	This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
556	16:3	id59		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בֵּית־חוֹרֹ֛ן תַּחְתּ֖וֹן & גָּ֑זֶר	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
557	16:4	u6fy			בְנֵי־יוֹסֵ֖ף מְנַשֶּׁ֥ה וְ⁠אֶפְרָֽיִם	1	“the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim, the sons of Joseph”
558	16:4	r4qw		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וַ⁠יִּנְחֲל֥וּ	1	The land that the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim possessed is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “received this land as their inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
559	16:5	f2i9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	גְּב֥וּל בְּנֵֽי־אֶפְרַ֖יִם לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑⁠ם	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The territory … that Joshua assigned to their clans” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
560	16:5	m6lu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	עַטְר֣וֹת אַדָּ֔ר & בֵּ֥ית חוֹרֹ֖ן עֶלְיֽוֹן	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
561	16:6	vg46		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הַֽ⁠מִּכְמְתָת֙ & תַּאֲנַ֣ת שִׁלֹ֑ה & יָנֽוֹחָ⁠ה	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
562	16:7	uyw7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מִ⁠יָּנ֖וֹחָ⁠ה עֲטָר֣וֹת וְ⁠נַעֲרָ֑תָ⁠ה	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
563	16:8	at1t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מִ⁠תַּפּ֜וּחַ & קָנָ֔ה	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
564	16:8	mb6i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵי־אֶפְרַ֖יִם לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָֽ⁠ם	1	The land that Ephraim possessed is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land that the tribe of Ephraim received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
565	16:8	ke41		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָֽ⁠ם	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which Joshua assigned to their clans” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
566	16:9	y6xs		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וְ⁠הֶ⁠עָרִ֗ים הַ⁠מִּבְדָּלוֹת֙	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the cities that Joshua had chosen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
567	16:9	f1yc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	בְּ⁠ת֖וֹךְ נַחֲלַ֣ת בְּנֵֽי־מְנַשֶּׁ֑ה	1	The land that the tribe of Manasseh possessed is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “within the land that the tribe of Manasseh had received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
568	16:10	au8e			עַד־הַ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֔ה	1	This refers to the period of time in which the author wrote this book.
569	16:10	fth4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וַ⁠יְהִ֖י לְ⁠מַס־עֹבֵֽד	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Israelites forced these people to work as slaves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
570	17:intro	m3nk				0	Joshua 17 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Manasseh’s lack of faith Even though they were one of the largest and most powerful tribes of Israel, the tribe of Manasseh lacked faith in the power of Yahweh. This caused them many problems. It would also cause their descendants many problems. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Manasseh, one of Joseph’s sons. It will be difficult to fully understand their locations without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the locations of their land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
571	17:1	j2sj		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	לְ⁠מָכִיר֩	1	These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
572	17:1	zuz5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וַֽ⁠יְהִי־ל֖⁠וֹ הַ⁠גִּלְעָ֥ד וְ⁠הַ⁠בָּשָֽׁן	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Joshua assigned the land of Gilead and Bashan to Makir’s descendants” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
573	17:2	al47		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֲבִיעֶ֜זֶר & חֵ֗לֶק & אַשְׂרִיאֵל֙ & שֶׁ֔כֶם & חֵ֖פֶר & שְׁמִידָ֑ע	1	These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
574	17:2	us2l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וַ֠⁠יְהִי	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Joshua assigned land … and gave them to their clans” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
575	17:3	u2e9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠לִ⁠צְלָפְחָד֩ & חֵ֨פֶ	1	These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
576	17:3	k5z5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מַחְלָ֣ה וְ⁠נֹעָ֔ה חָגְלָ֥ה מִלְכָּ֖ה וְ⁠תִרְצָֽה	1	These are women’s names. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
577	17:4	x2q2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶלְעָזָ֨ר	1	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
578	17:4	q55m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	לָֽ⁠תֶת־לָ֥⁠נוּ נַחֲלָ֖ה	1	The land is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that the people received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “to give to us some land as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
579	17:4	s6fd			וַ⁠יִּתֵּ֨ן לָ⁠הֶ֜ם & נַֽחֲלָ֔ה	1	Possible meanings are 1) “Joshua gave those women an inheritance” or 2) “Eleazar gave those women an inheritance.”
580	17:5	d1c3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וַ⁠יִּפְּל֥וּ חַבְלֵֽי־מְנַשֶּׁ֖ה עֲשָׂרָ֑ה	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Joshua assigned ten parcels of land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
581	17:5	z7zr			חַבְלֵֽי & עֲשָׂרָ֑ה	1	“Ten portions”
582	17:6	d9gb		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	נָחֲל֥וּ נַחֲלָ֖ה	1	The land is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “received land as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
583	17:6	qbx1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	הַ⁠גִּלְעָ֔ד הָיְתָ֥ה לִ⁠בְנֵֽי	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Joshua assigned the land of Gilead” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
584	17:7	jln6			אֶל־הַ⁠יָּמִ֔ין	1	toward the south
585	17:7	dfe9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הַֽ⁠מִּכְמְתָ֔ת & תַּפּֽוּחַ	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
586	17:9	k7gp			הַ⁠גְּבוּל֩	1	“The border of Manasseh’s land”
587	17:9	l2af			נַ֨חַל	1	a very small river
588	17:9	qvi8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	קָנָ֜ה	1	name of a brook (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
589	17:10	mi9b		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וּ⁠בְ⁠אָשֵׁר֙ יִפְגְּע֣וּ⁠ן מִ⁠צָּפ֔וֹן	1	Possible meanings are 1) that the border of Manasseh’s land on the north side touched the land that belonged to the tribe of Asher or 2) that one can travel north to reach Asher. Alternate translation: “Asher was on the north side” or “One can travel north to reach Asher” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
590	17:10	fj36		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	וּ⁠בְ⁠יִשָּׂשכָ֖ר מִ⁠מִּזְרָֽח	1	The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “to the east, one can reach Issachar” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
591	17:11	s1sn		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בֵּית־שְׁאָ֣ן & וְ⁠יִבְלְעָ֨ם & דֹ֣אר & עֵֽין־דֹּר֙ & תַעְנַךְ֙ & מְגִדּ֖וֹ & הַ⁠נָּֽפֶת	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
592	17:14	b4j6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	בְּנֵ֣י יוֹסֵ֔ף	1	This refers to the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
593	17:14	sk37		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	מַדּוּעַ֩ נָתַ֨תָּה לִּ֜⁠י נַחֲלָ֗ה גּוֹרָ֤ל אֶחָד֙ וְ⁠חֶ֣בֶל אֶחָ֔ד וַֽ⁠אֲנִ֣י עַם־רָ֔ב עַ֥ד אֲשֶׁר־עַד־כֹּ֖ה בֵּֽרְכַ֥⁠נִי יְהוָֽה	1	The people of the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh ask this question to emphasize that Joshua should have assigned to them more land. Alternate translation: “You should have given us more than one … Yahweh has blessed us.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
594	17:14	ju22		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	גּוֹרָ֤ל אֶחָד֙ וְ⁠חֶ֣בֶל אֶחָ֔ד	1	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. In the second, the land is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that the people received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “one assignment of land as our inheritance” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
595	17:14	dg92			וְ⁠חֶ֣בֶל	1	part
596	17:14	p7z5			עַם־רָ֔ב עַ֥ד	1	“many people”
597	17:15	d24l			אִם־עַם־רַ֤ב אַתָּה֙	1	“Since you are a people great in number”
598	17:15	psc4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠הָֽ⁠רְפָאִ֑ים	1	This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
599	17:16	g788		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בְּ⁠בֵית־שְׁאָן֙ & יִזְרְעֶֽאל	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
600	17:17	wa3y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	בֵּ֣ית יוֹסֵ֔ף	1	Here the word “house” refers to the descendants. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Joseph” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
601	17:18	w4m4			וּ⁠בֵ֣רֵאת֔⁠וֹ	1	“you will clear the forest of trees” or “you will cut down its trees”
602	18:intro	j38i				0	Joshua 18 General Notes Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter This chapter is about the land given to the tribes of Israel. It will be difficult to fully understand their locations without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the locations of their land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
603	18:1	fkg2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-events	וְ⁠הָ⁠אָ֥רֶץ נִכְבְּשָׁ֖ה לִ⁠פְנֵי⁠הֶֽם	1	They had conquered the people who lived in the land before they set up the tent of meeting. Alternate translation: “after they had conquered the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-events]])
604	18:2	ynk6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־חָלְק֖וּ אֶת־נַֽחֲלָתָ֑⁠ם	1	The land that the tribes would receive is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they would receive as a permanent possession. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to whom Joshua had not assigned land as an inheritance” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
605	18:3	bia9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	עַד־אָ֨נָה֙ אַתֶּ֣ם מִתְרַפִּ֔ים לָ⁠בוֹא֙ לָ⁠רֶ֣שֶׁת אֶת־הָ⁠אָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֙ נָתַ֣ן לָ⁠כֶ֔ם יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֲבֽוֹתֵי⁠כֶֽם	1	Joshua asks this question in order to encourage the Israelites to take possession of the land. Alternate translation: “For long enough, you have put off … has given you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
606	18:4	p7hg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וְ⁠יִֽתְהַלְּכ֥וּ בָ⁠אָ֛רֶץ	1	The words “up and down” mean in every direction. Alternate translation: “the land in every direction” or “throughout the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
607	18:4	zry7			וְ⁠יִכְתְּב֥וּ אוֹתָ֛⁠הּ לְ⁠פִ֥י נַֽחֲלָתָ֖⁠ם	1	This means that they will describe the portions of land that each tribe would like to receive for an inheritance.
608	18:4	lh9w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	נַֽחֲלָתָ֖⁠ם	1	The land that they are to survey is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that each of the tribes would receive as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
609	18:5	e13l				0	Joshua is continuing his speech to the children of Israel.
610	18:5	dmy4			וְ⁠הִֽתְחַלְּק֥וּ אֹתָ֖⁠הּ	1	“They will divide the land”
611	18:5	y5gn			יְהוּדָ֞ה יַעֲמֹ֤ד	1	“The tribe of Judah will remain”
612	18:5	d41l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וּ⁠בֵ֥ית יוֹסֵ֛ף	1	Here the word “house” represents the descendants of Joseph. The phrase refers to the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh. Alternate translation: “the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
613	18:7	v3qr				0	Joshua is continuing his speech to the children of Israel.
614	18:7	e6s8			אֵֽין־חֵ֤לֶק	1	“no portion of land”
615	18:7	kus7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	כִּֽי־כְהֻנַּ֥ת יְהוָ֖ה נַחֲלָת֑⁠וֹ	1	Joshua speaks of the great honor that the Levites have by serving Yahweh as priests as if it were something that they inherited. Alternate translation: “for the priesthood of Yahweh is what they have” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
616	18:7	eqg6			וַ⁠חֲצִי֩ שֵׁ֨בֶט הַֽ⁠מְנַשֶּׁ֜ה	1	“half of the tribe of Manasseh”
617	18:7	cyc8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	לָקְח֣וּ נַחֲלָתָ֗⁠ם	1	The land that the tribes received is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “have received land as their inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
618	18:8	t1cr				0	Joshua speaks to the twenty-one men who were to go look at the land.
619	18:8	p238		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וְ⁠הִתְהַלְּכ֨וּ בָ⁠אָ֜רֶץ	1	The words “up and down” mean in every direction. See how you translated this in Joshua 18:4. Alternate translation: “in every direction in the land” or “throughout the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
620	18:10	pz3n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	כְּ⁠מַחְלְקֹתָֽ⁠ם	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to each tribe Joshua gave their portion in the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
621	18:11	hd7v			בֵּ֚ין בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וּ⁠בֵ֖ין בְּנֵ֥י יוֹסֵֽף	1	“between the land that belonged to the descendants of Judah and the land that belonged to the descendants of Joseph”
622	18:11	ib4f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	בְּנֵ֥י יוֹסֵֽף	1	This refers to the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
623	18:12	ij99		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בֵּ֥ית אָֽוֶן	1	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
624	18:13	hx15		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	ל֨וּזָ⁠ה֙ & בֵּֽית־אֵ֑ל & עַטְר֣וֹת אַדָּ֔ר & לְ⁠בֵית־חֹר֖וֹן	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
625	18:14	h4e6			הַ⁠גְּבוּל֩	1	This refers to the same thing as “the border” in verse 13.
626	18:14	eq7x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	קִרְיַת־בַּ֨עַל֙ & קִרְיַ֣ת יְעָרִ֔ים	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
627	18:15	ulq2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	קִרְיַ֣ת יְעָרִ֑ים & נֶפְתּֽוֹחַ	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
628	18:16	br6t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בֶן־הִנֹּ֔ם & רְפָאִ֖ים & הִנֹּ֜ם & עֵ֥ין רֹגֵֽל	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
629	18:17	d8dt		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	עֵ֣ין שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ & גְּלִיל֔וֹת & אֲדֻמִּ֑ים	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
630	18:17	z2mh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶ֥בֶן בֹּ֖הַן	1	This was likely a large stone that someone set up as a landmark and named after the man, Bohan. See how you translated this in Joshua 15:6. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
631	18:18	g6td		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	כֶּ֥תֶף מוּל־הָֽ⁠עֲרָבָ֖ה	1	Land that is in the form of a slope or ridge is spoken of as if it were a shoulder. Alternate translation: “the slope of Beth Arabah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
632	18:18	b98y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מוּל־הָֽ⁠עֲרָבָ֖ה	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
633	18:19	k48g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	כֶּ֣תֶף בֵּית־חָגְלָה֮ צָפוֹנָ⁠ה֒	1	Land that is in the form of a slope or ridge is spoken of as if it were a shoulder. Alternate translation: “the north slope of Beth Hoglah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
634	18:19	xy3i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בֵּית־חָגְלָה֮	1	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
635	18:20	ywb2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	זֹ֡את נַחֲלַת֩ בְּנֵ֨י בִנְיָמִ֧ן	1	The land that the tribe of Benjamin received is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land that the tribe of Benjamin received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
636	18:20	pe6e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָֽ⁠ם	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Joshua gave it to each of their clans” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
637	18:21	i6af		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names		0	The writer lists the cities that were in the land that the tribe of Benjamin received as an inheritance. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
638	18:24	jsu9			וְ⁠חַצְרֵי⁠הֶֽן	1	“the villages around them”
639	18:25	nk7k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names		0	The writer continues to list the cities that were in the land that the tribe of Benjamin received as an inheritance. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
640	18:28	t3aa		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	זֹ֛את נַֽחֲלַ֥ת בְּנֵֽי־בִנְיָמִ֖ן	1	The land and cities that the tribe of Benjamin received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Benjamin received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
641	19:intro	j62l				0	Joshua 19 General Notes Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter This chapter is about the land given to the tribes of Israel. It will be difficult to fully understand their locations without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the locations of their land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
642	19:1	s149			וַ⁠יֵּצֵ֞א הַ⁠גּוֹרָ֤ל הַ⁠שֵּׁנִי֙ לְ⁠שִׁמְע֔וֹן	1	“The second time Joshua cast lots, the lot indicated the tribe of Simeon”
643	19:1	gl7x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal	הַ⁠שֵּׁנִי֙	1	number two in a list (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
644	19:1	z9r9			לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחוֹתָ֑⁠ם	1	“and Joshua assigned the land to each of their clans”
645	19:1	u57y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וַֽ⁠יְהִי֙ נַֽחֲלָתָ֔⁠ם בְּ⁠ת֖וֹךְ נַחֲלַ֥ת בְּנֵֽי־יְהוּדָֽה	1	The land is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that the tribes received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “The land that they received as an inheritance was in the middle of the land that the tribe of Judah received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
646	19:2	kg51		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names		0	The writer lists cities that were in the land that the tribe of Simeon received as an inheritance. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
647	19:2	eu6h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וַ⁠יְהִ֥י לָ⁠הֶ֖ם בְּ⁠נַֽחֲלָתָ֑⁠ם	1	The land and cities that the tribe of Simeon received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “They had the following cities for their inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
648	19:5	la4r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names		0	The writer continues to list the cities that were in the land that the tribe of Simeon received as an inheritance. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
649	19:5	f4vb			וְ⁠צִֽקְלַ֥ג	1	See how you translated the name of this city in Joshua 15:31.
650	19:8	uc1c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵֽי־שִׁמְע֖וֹן	1	The land and cities that the tribe of Simeon received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Simeon received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
651	19:8	q586		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָֽ⁠ם	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which Joshua gave to their clans” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
652	19:9	lep5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	מֵ⁠חֶ֨בֶל֙ בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the portion of land which Joshua assigned to the tribe of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
653	19:9	p2ji			בְּ⁠ת֥וֹךְ נַחֲלָתָֽ⁠ם	1	“the middle of Judah’s portion of land”
654	19:10	f5gu			וַ⁠יַּ֨עַל֙ הַ⁠גּוֹרָ֣ל הַ⁠שְּׁלִישִׁ֔י	1	See how you translated this phrase in Joshua 19:1.
655	19:10	s2j1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal	הַ⁠שְּׁלִישִׁ֔י	1	number three in a list (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
656	19:10	vde5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	שָׂרִֽיד	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
657	19:11	v9gp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וּ⁠מַרְעֲלָ֖ה & בְּ⁠דַבָּ֑שֶׁת & יָקְנְעָֽם	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
658	19:11	gx7v			עַל־פְּנֵ֥י יָקְנְעָֽם	1	“across from Jokneam”
659	19:12	n9dc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מִ⁠שָּׂרִ֗יד & כִּסְלֹ֖ת תָּבֹ֑ר & הַ⁠דָּֽבְרַ֖ת & יָפִֽיעַ	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
660	19:13	dqd5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	גִּתָּ֥⁠ה חֵ֖פֶר עִתָּ֣ה קָצִ֑ין & רִמּ֥וֹן & הַ⁠נֵּעָֽה	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
661	19:14	ja4s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	חַנָּתֹ֑ן & יִפְתַּח־אֵֽל	1	These are names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
662	19:15	xk4u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠קַטָּ֤ת וְ⁠נַֽהֲלָל֙ וְ⁠שִׁמְר֔וֹן וְ⁠יִדְאֲלָ֖ה וּ⁠בֵ֣ית לָ֑חֶם	1	These are names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
663	19:15	yn5n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וּ⁠בֵ֣ית לָ֑חֶם	1	This is not the same “Bethlehem” that is south of Jerusalem in Judah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
664	19:16	a4ee		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	זֹ֛את נַחֲלַ֥ת בְּנֵֽי־זְבוּלֻ֖ן	1	The land and cities that the tribe of Zebulun received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Zebulun received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
665	19:17	fum5			יָצָ֖א הַ⁠גּוֹרָ֣ל הָֽ⁠רְבִיעִ֑י	1	See how you translated this phrase in Joshua 19:1.
666	19:17	l33x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal	הָֽ⁠רְבִיעִ֑י	1	number four in a list (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
667	19:18	qmg4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠הַ⁠כְּסוּלֹ֖ת וְ⁠שׁוּנֵֽם	1	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
668	19:19	c3ti		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וַ⁠חֲפָרַ֥יִם וְ⁠שִׁיאֹ֖ן וַ⁠אֲנָחֲרַֽת	1	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
669	19:20	mft4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠הָֽ⁠רַבִּ֥ית וְ⁠קִשְׁי֖וֹן וָ⁠אָֽבֶץ	1	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
670	19:21	b1ex		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠רֶ֧מֶת וְ⁠עֵין־גַּנִּ֛ים וְ⁠עֵ֥ין חַדָּ֖ה וּ⁠בֵ֥ית פַּצֵּֽץ	1	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
671	19:22	hs7i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בְּ⁠תָב֤וֹר	1	This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
672	19:22	ht1e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	ו⁠שחצומ⁠ה	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
673	19:23	yll2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵֽי־יִשָּׂשכָ֖ר	1	The land and cities that the tribe of Issachar received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Issachar received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
674	19:24	lhr4			וַ⁠יֵּצֵא֙ הַ⁠גּוֹרָ֣ל הַֽ⁠חֲמִישִׁ֔י	1	See how you translated this phrase in Joshua 19:1.
675	19:24	xa5a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal	הַֽ⁠חֲמִישִׁ֔י	1	number five in a list (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
676	19:25	prg9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	חֶלְקַ֥ת וַ⁠חֲלִ֖י וָ⁠בֶ֥טֶן וְ⁠אַכְשָֽׁף	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
677	19:26	v6t4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠אַֽלַמֶּ֥לֶךְ וְ⁠עַמְעָ֖ד וּ⁠מִשְׁאָ֑ל & וּ⁠בְ⁠שִׁיח֖וֹר לִבְנָֽת	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
678	19:27	pbh2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בֵּ֣ית דָּגֹן֒ & וּ⁠בְ⁠גֵ֨י יִפְתַּח־אֵ֥ל & בֵּ֥ית הָעֵ֖מֶק וּ⁠נְעִיאֵ֑ל & כָּב֖וּל	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
679	19:28	ht1l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠עֶבְרֹ֥ן וּ⁠רְחֹ֖ב וְ⁠חַמּ֣וֹן וְ⁠קָנָ֑ה	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
680	19:29	q8wz		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	חֹסָ֔ה & אַכְזִֽיבָ⁠ה	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
681	19:30	y1g5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠עֻמָ֥ה וַ⁠אֲפֵ֖ק וּ⁠רְחֹ֑ב	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
682	19:31	x4aq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵֽי־אָשֵׁ֖ר	1	The land and cities that the tribe of Asher received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Asher received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
683	19:32	jy7g			יָצָ֖א הַ⁠גּוֹרָ֣ל הַ⁠שִּׁשִּׁ֑י	1	See how you translated this phrase in Joshua 19:1.
684	19:32	jjm6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal	הַ⁠שִּׁשִּׁ֑י	1	number six in a list (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
685	19:33	syr4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מֵ⁠חֵ֨לֶף & בְּ⁠צַעֲנַנִּ֗ים וַ⁠אֲדָמִ֥י הַנֶּ֛קֶב וְ⁠יַבְנְאֵ֖ל & לַקּ֑וּם	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
686	19:34	lu5s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אַזְנ֣וֹת תָּב֔וֹר & חוּקֹ֑קָ⁠ה	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
687	19:35	h8p6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הַ⁠צִּדִּ֣ים צֵ֔ר וְ⁠חַמַּ֖ת רַקַּ֥ת וְ⁠כִנָּֽרֶת	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
688	19:35	lq51			וְ⁠חַמַּ֖ת	1	This is not the same location as “Hamath,” but is located on the west shore of the Sea of Galilee.
689	19:36	e379		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וַ⁠אֲדָמָ֥ה וְ⁠הָ⁠רָמָ֖ה וְ⁠חָצֽוֹר	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
690	19:37	vez5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠קֶ֥דֶשׁ וְ⁠אֶדְרֶ֖עִי וְ⁠עֵ֥ין חָצֽוֹר	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
691	19:38	jp9v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠יִרְאוֹן֙ וּ⁠מִגְדַּל־אֵ֔ל חֳרֵ֥ם וּ⁠בֵית־עֲנָ֖ת וּ⁠בֵ֣ית שָׁ֑מֶשׁ	1	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
692	19:39	s9en		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵֽי־נַפְתָּלִ֖י	1	The land and cities that the tribe of Naphtali received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Naphtali received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
693	19:40	q3a2			יָצָ֖א הַ⁠גּוֹרָ֥ל הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִֽי	1	See how you translated this phrase in Joshua 19:1.
694	19:40	b1tt		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal	הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִֽי	1	number seven in a list (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
695	19:41	d7it		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	גְּב֣וּל נַחֲלָתָ֑⁠ם	1	The land that the tribe of Dan received is spoken of as if it was an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “The territory of land that the tribe of Dan received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
696	19:41	b8bg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	צָרְעָ֥ה וְ⁠אֶשְׁתָּא֖וֹל וְ⁠עִ֥יר שָֽׁמֶשׁ	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
697	19:42	q637		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠שַֽׁעֲלַבִּ֥ין וְ⁠אַיָּל֖וֹן וְ⁠יִתְלָֽה	1	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
698	19:43	sht1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠אֵיל֥וֹן וְ⁠תִמְנָ֖תָ⁠ה וְ⁠עֶקְרֽוֹן	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
699	19:44	gca7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠אֶלְתְּקֵ֥ה וְ⁠גִבְּת֖וֹן וּ⁠בַעֲלָֽת	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
700	19:45	yan4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וִ⁠יהֻ֥ד וּ⁠בְנֵֽי־בְרַ֖ק וְ⁠גַת־רִמּֽוֹן	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
701	19:46	ddh6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וּ⁠מֵ֥י הַיַּרְק֖וֹן וְ⁠הָֽ⁠רַקּ֑וֹן	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
702	19:46	w42c			מ֥וּל יָפֽוֹ	1	“opposite Joppa” or “beside Joppa”
703	19:47	i8zh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	לֶ֜שֶׁם	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
704	19:48	cx9h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵי־דָ֖ן	1	The land and cities that the tribe of Dan received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Dan received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
705	19:49	jzi6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וַ⁠יִּתְּנ֨וּ בְנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֧ל נַחֲלָ֛ה לִ⁠יהוֹשֻׁ֥עַ בִּן־נ֖וּן בְּ⁠תוֹכָֽ⁠ם	1	The city that Joshua received is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that he received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “gave a city within their own land as an inheritance to Joshua son of Nun” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
706	19:50	ac8r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־תִּמְנַת־סֶ֖רַח	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
707	19:51	cs47		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	אֵ֣לֶּה הַ⁠נְּחָלֹ֡ת אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִחֲל֣וּ	1	The land and cities that the various tribes received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “These are the portions of land and the cities … assigned as inheritances” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
708	20:intro	vg5f				0	Joshua 20 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Cities of Refuge If a person was killed, it was the duty of his relatives to kill the killer. If the death was an accident, this would be unfair. Therefore, God told the Israelites to make cities of refuge for a person who killed someone accidentally. In the city where he sought refuge, his case would be solved legally: “Do this so that one who unintentionally kills a person can go there. These cities will be a place of refuge from anyone who seeks to avenge the blood of a person who was killed.” (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/other/refuge]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/blood]])
709	20:2	qhs6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	בְּ⁠יַד־מֹשֶֽׁה	1	Here “hand of Moses” refers to the scriptures that Moses wrote down. Alternate translation: “through the things that Moses wrote” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
710	20:3	a1vg			מַכֵּה־נֶ֥פֶשׁ בִּ⁠שְׁגָגָ֖ה	1	This happens when a person accidentally kills another person, without intending to do so.
711	20:3	h73b		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	מִ⁠גֹּאֵ֖ל הַ⁠דָּֽם	1	Here the shed blood of a person represents their death. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “avenge a person’s death” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
712	20:4	u2dh			וְ⁠נָ֞ס	1	Here the word “he” refers to the person who unintentionally killed someone.
713	20:4	p1sg			וְ⁠דִבֶּ֛ר בְּ⁠אָזְנֵ֛י זִקְנֵ֥י־הָ⁠עִֽיר הַ⁠הִ֖יא אֶת־דְּבָרָ֑י⁠ו	1	“convince the elders of that city that he had not intentionally killed the person.
714	20:4	dhh4			וְ⁠אָסְפ֨וּ אֹת֤⁠וֹ	1	The word “they” refers to the elders and “him” refers to the person who unintentionally killed someone.
715	20:4	k969			וְ⁠יָשַׁ֥ב עִמָּֽ⁠ם	1	This refers to the city as a whole, not to the elders only.
716	20:5	x945		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	גֹּאֵ֤ל הַ⁠דָּם֙	1	Here the shed blood of a person represents their death. This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in Joshua 20:3. Alternate translation: “avenge a person’s death” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
717	20:5	u27s			בִ⁠בְלִי־דַ֨עַת֙ הִכָּ֣ה אֶת־רֵעֵ֔⁠הוּ	1	accidentally killed his neighbor
718	20:6	c6fe			עָמְד֞⁠וֹ לִ⁠פְנֵ֤י הָֽ⁠עֵדָה֙	1	This is a phrase that describes standing to seek justice from a court of the assembly of his fellow citizens.
719	20:7	lyr5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names		0	There are a lot of names in this section. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
720	20:8	cy8e			לְ⁠יַרְדֵּ֤ן	1	This is a short name for the Jordan River.
721	20:9	b89x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וְ⁠לֹ֣א יָמ֗וּת בְּ⁠יַד֙ גֹּאֵ֣ל הַ⁠דָּ֔ם	1	Here “by the hand” is an idiom that means to be the specific cause of something. Alternate translation: “would not be killed by the one” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
722	20:9	j61z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	גֹּאֵ֣ל הַ⁠דָּ֔ם	1	This can be stated in active form. See how you translated a similar phrase in Joshua 20:3. Alternate translation: “avenge a person’s death” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
723	21:intro	pp5c				0	Joshua 21 General Notes Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Levi. Even though they did not receive a large piece of land like the other tribes, they did receive small pieces of land to live on and for their animals. It will be difficult to fully understand their locations without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the locations of their land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
724	21:1	js4y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶלְעָזָר֙ & נ֑וּן	1	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
725	21:2	wk1t			וַ⁠יְדַבְּר֨וּ אֲלֵי⁠הֶ֜ם	1	“The Levites said to them”
726	21:2	wk1m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	יְהוָה֙ צִוָּ֣ה בְ⁠יַד־מֹשֶׁ֔ה	1	The phrase “by the hand of” is an idiom that means that Yahweh used Moses to deliver his command. Alternate translation: “Yahweh told Moses to command you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
727	21:3	f9ei			אֶת־הֶ⁠עָרִ֥ים	1	This refers to the cities to be listed in the next verses.
728	21:4	r4ry			וַ⁠יֵּצֵ֥א הַ⁠גּוֹרָ֖ל	1	A random method of choosing to remove the choice from the leader’s will, often done with the idea that God will decide the outcome. See how you translated this in Joshua 19:1.
729	21:4	fl2y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הַ⁠קְּהָתִ֑י	1	This priests in this group were descendants of Levi’s son Kohath. A portion of them were also descendants of Aaron, Kohath’s grandson. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
730	21:5	iwh3			וּ⁠מֵ⁠חֲצִ֨י	1	Half the tribe because the other half received their inheritance before crossing the Jordan River.
731	21:6	bk5g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	גֵרְשׁ֗וֹן	1	Gershon was one of the sons of Levi. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
732	21:6	ezu2			בַּ⁠גּוֹרָ֔ל	1	A random method of choosing to remove the choice from the leader’s will, often done with the idea that God will decide the outcome. See how you translated this in Joshua 19:1.
733	21:7	cg61		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מְרָרִ֜י	1	Merari was one of the sons of Levi. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
734	21:8	qe5y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	צִוָּ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה בְּ⁠יַד־מֹשֶׁ֖ה	1	The phrase “by the hand of” here means that Yahweh used Moses as the agent to deliver his command. Alternate translation: “Yahweh had told Moses to command” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
735	21:10	t6l2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מִ⁠מִּשְׁפְּח֥וֹת הַ⁠קְּהָתִ֖י	1	The priests in this group were descendants of Levi’s son Kohath. A portion of them were also descendants of Aaron, Kohath’s grandson. See how you translated this in Joshua 21:2. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
736	21:10	tnp1			הַ⁠גּוֹרָ֖ל	1	A random method of choosing to remove the choice from the leader’s will, often done with the idea that God will decide the outcome. See how you translated this in Joshua 19:1.
737	21:11	vkd2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	אַרְבַּ֨ע אֲבִ֧י הָֽ⁠עֲנ֛וֹק	1	This is background information about the name of the man who founded the city of Kiriath Arba. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
738	21:11	mn2g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הָֽ⁠עֲנ֛וֹק	1	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
739	21:11	vd7d			בְּ⁠הַ֣ר	1	An area of land with natural elevations, smaller than mountains.
740	21:11	kwe7			מִגְרָשֶׁ֖⁠הָ	1	An area covered with grass or plants suitable for the grazing of livestock or cattle.
741	21:12	aj9s			שְׂדֵ֥ה הָ⁠עִ֖יר	1	Areas of open land, usually, planted with crops, belonging to and surrounding the city.
742	21:12	uz84			חֲצֵרֶ֑י⁠הָ	1	Small communities, usually smaller than a town.
743	21:13	p1nr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	לִבְנָ֖ה	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
744	21:14	q8gl		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	יַתִּר֙ & אֶשְׁתְּמֹ֖עַ	1	These are all names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
745	21:15	cb4t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	חֹלֹן֙ & דְּבִ֖ר	1	These are all names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
746	21:16	bx8i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	עַ֣יִן & יֻטָּה֙	1	These are all names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
747	21:17	e8r4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וּ⁠מִ⁠מַּטֵּ֣ה בִנְיָמִ֔ן	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The tribe of Benjamin gave Gibeon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
748	21:17	fd6z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־גֶּ֖בַע	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
749	21:18	sk7n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־עֲנָתוֹת֙ & עַלְמ֖וֹן	1	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
750	21:19	ha9f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	שְׁלֹשׁ־עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה עָרִ֖ים	1	“13 cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
751	21:20	lfp9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וּ⁠לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּח֤וֹת בְּנֵֽי־קְהָת֙	1	The priests in this group were descendants of Levi’s son Kohath. A portion of them were also descendants of Aaron, Kohath’s grandson. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
752	21:20	x8eu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וַֽ⁠יְהִי֙ עָרֵ֣י גֽוֹרָלָ֔⁠ם	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they received cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
753	21:20	tg75			גֽוֹרָלָ֔⁠ם	1	A random method of choosing to remove the choice from the leader’s will, often done with the idea that God will decide the outcome. See how you translated this in Joshua 19:1.
754	21:21	kz7k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	גֶּ֖זֶר	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
755	21:22	tv2m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	קִבְצַ֨יִם֙ & בֵּ֥ית חוֹרֹ֖ן	1	names of cities (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
756	21:22	r4hl		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	עָרִ֖ים אַרְבַּֽע	1	This refers to the list by the total number. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
757	21:23	dw9x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וּ⁠מִ⁠מַּ֨טֵּה־דָ֔ן	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The tribe of Dan gave to the clan of Kohath Eltekeh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
758	21:23	r7qr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶֽת־אֶלְתְּקֵ֖א & גִּבְּת֖וֹן	1	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
759	21:24	g45w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־אַיָּלוֹן֙ & אֶת־גַּת־רִמּ֖וֹן	1	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
760	21:24	g4ma		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	עָרִ֖ים אַרְבַּֽע	1	This refers to the number of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
761	21:25	e6cl		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וּ⁠מִֽ⁠מַּחֲצִית֙ מַטֵּ֣ה מְנַשֶּׁ֔ה אֶת־תַּעְנַךְ֙	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The half tribe of Manasseh gave to the clan of Kohath Taanach” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
762	21:25	yn8h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־תַּעְנַךְ֙ & גַּת־רִמּ֖וֹן	1	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
763	21:26	hn9j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּח֥וֹת בְּנֵֽי־קְהָ֖ת	1	The priests in this group were descendants of Levi’s son Kohath. A portion of them were also descendants of Aaron, Kohath’s grandson. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
764	21:27	knk6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־גּוֹלָ֤ן & אֶֽת־בְּעֶשְׁתְּרָ֖ה	1	names of cities (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
765	21:27	bmc9			הָ⁠רֹצֵ֔חַ	1	This refers to a death resulting from an action not intended to harm a person.
766	21:27	a1zs		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	עָרִ֖ים שְׁתָּֽיִם	1	number of cities (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
767	21:28	r9hc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־קִשְׁי֖וֹן & אֶת־דָּֽבְרַ֖ת	1	names of cities (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
768	21:29	u8z9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־יַרְמוּת֙ & עֵ֥ין גַּנִּ֖ים	1	names of cities (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
769	21:30	rbf6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וּ⁠מִ⁠מַּטֵּ֣ה אָשֵׁ֔ר אֶת־מִשְׁאָ֖ל	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They received from the tribe of Asher Mishal” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
770	21:30	px1s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־מִשְׁאָ֖ל & אֶת־עַבְדּ֖וֹ	1	names of cities (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
771	21:31	ziw8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־חֶלְקָת֙ & רְחֹ֖ב	1	names of cities (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
772	21:32	h2j8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	חַמֹּ֥ת דֹּאר֙ & קַרְתָּ֖ן	1	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
773	21:33	c7dt		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	שְׁלֹשׁ־עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה עִ֖יר	1	“13 cities in total” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
774	21:34	yuv3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וּ⁠לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּח֣וֹת בְּנֵֽי־מְרָרִי֮ הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֣ם הַ⁠נּוֹתָרִים֒ מֵ⁠אֵת֙ מַטֵּ֣ה זְבוּלֻ֔ן אֶֽת־יָקְנְעָ֖ם	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: The rest of the Levites—the clans of Merari—received from the tribe of Zebulun Jokneam” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
775	21:34	ws8g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מְרָרִי֮	1	This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
776	21:34	ng32		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶֽת־יָקְנְעָ֖ם & אֶת־קַרְתָּ֖ה	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
777	21:35	ek4f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־דִּמְנָה֙ & אֶֽת־נַהֲלָ֖ל	1	names of cities (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
778	21:36	dh5c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־בֶּ֖צֶר & וְ⁠אֶת־יַ֖הְצָ⁠ה	1	names of cities (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
779	21:37	jbp6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	עָרִ֖ים אַרְבַּֽע	1	This refers to the total number of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
780	21:37	e538		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־קְדֵמוֹת֙ & מֵיפָ֖עַת	1	names of cities (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
781	21:38	r7m5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־רָמֹ֥ת & מַחֲנַ֖יִם	1	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
782	21:39	a2l1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־חֶשְׁבּוֹן֙ & אֶת־יַעְזֵ֖ר	1	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
783	21:40	x17x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	עָרִ֖ים שְׁתֵּ֥ים עֶשְׂרֵֽה	1	“12 cities in total” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
784	21:40	q83e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וַ⁠יְהִי֙ גּוֹרָלָ֔⁠ם עָרִ֖ים שְׁתֵּ֥ים עֶשְׂרֵֽה	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they received these twelve cities by the casting of lots” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
785	21:40	at28			גּוֹרָלָ֔⁠ם	1	A random method of choosing to remove the choice from the leader’s will, often done with the idea that God will decide the outcome. See how you translated this in Joshua 19:1.
786	21:41	g7z1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	כֹּ֚ל עָרֵ֣י הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֔ם בְּ⁠ת֖וֹךְ אֲחֻזַּ֣ת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	1	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The Levites received their cities from the middle of the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
787	21:41	z9gj		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	עָרִ֛ים אַרְבָּעִ֥ים וּ⁠שְׁמֹנֶ֖ה	1	“48 cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
788	21:43	q5na			נִשְׁבַּ֖ע	1	“he gave an oath”
789	21:44	t1a4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	וְ⁠לֹא־עָ֨מַד אִ֤ישׁ בִּ⁠פְנֵי⁠הֶם֙ מִ⁠כָּל־אֹ֣יְבֵי⁠הֶ֔ם	1	This is stated in a negative way to strengthen the statement. Alternate translation: “They defeated every one of their enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
790	21:44	lg6d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	אֵ֚ת כָּל־אֹ֣יְבֵי⁠הֶ֔ם נָתַ֥ן יְהוָ֖ה בְּ⁠יָדָֽ⁠ם	1	Here “into their hand” means “into their power.” Alternate translation: “gave them power to defeat all their enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
791	21:45	u1ik		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	לֹֽא־נָפַ֣ל דָּבָ֔ר מִ⁠כֹּל֙ הַ⁠דָּבָ֣ר הַ⁠טּ֔וֹב אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	1	This is stated in a negative way to strengthen the statement. Alternate translation: “Every one of the good promises that Yahweh had spoken to the house of Israel came true” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
792	22:intro	l4hr				0	Joshua 22 General Notes Structure and formatting The division of the land is completed in this chapter. Additionally, the soldiers who received land on the east side of the Jordan River were released to go home. Special concepts in this chapter The tribes east of the Jordan River build a monument The tribes east of the Jordan River said, “Let us now build an altar, not for burnt offerings nor for any sacrifices, but to be a witness between us and you, and between our generations after us, that we will perform the service of Yahweh before him, with our burnt offerings and with our sacrifices and with our peace offerings, so that your children will never say to our children in time to come, ‘You have no share in Yahweh.’” They went home even though the Israelites had not fully conquered the land.
793	22:1	ic3e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	לָ⁠רֽאוּבֵנִ֖י	1	people of the tribe of Reuben (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
794	22:1	w3xd		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠לַ⁠גָּדִ֑י	1	people of the tribe of Gad (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
795	22:2	x8l8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וַ⁠תִּשְׁמְע֣וּ בְ⁠קוֹלִ֔⁠י	1	Here “my voice” refers to the things that Joshua had said. Alternate translation: “obeyed everything I said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
796	22:3	a89l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	לֹֽא־עֲזַבְתֶּ֣ם אֶת־אֲחֵי⁠כֶ֗ם	1	This can be stated in a positive way. Alternate translation: “You have remained with your brothers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
797	22:5	zh9u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וְ⁠לָ⁠לֶ֧כֶת בְּ⁠כָל־דְּרָכָ֛י⁠ו	1	A person obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if he were walking on Yahweh’s ways or roads. Alternate translation: “to obey everything he says” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
798	22:5	r5dh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	בְּ⁠כָל־לְבַבְ⁠כֶ֖ם וּ⁠בְ⁠כָל־נַפְשְׁ⁠כֶֽם	1	The terms “heart” and “soul” are here used together to refer to the entire person. Alternate translation: “with all you think and feel” or “with your entire being” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
799	22:7	k89d			הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֖ן	1	This was a short name for the Jordan River.
800	22:8	w4re			וּ⁠בְ⁠בַרְזֶ֛ל	1	a strong, hard, magnetic metal
801	22:8	k79c			שְׁלַל	1	The winning army would take everything of value from the people they conquered.
802	22:9	cmc4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	פִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה בְּ⁠יַד־מֹשֶֽׁה	1	The phrase “by the hand of” is an idiom that means that Yahweh used Moses to deliver his command. Alternate translation: “the commandment that Yahweh told Moses to give to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
803	22:10	iy3p			הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֔ן	1	This was a short name for the Jordan River.
804	22:11	ww1z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	אֶל־מוּל֙ אֶ֣רֶץ כְּנַ֔עַן	1	The Israelite tribes who lived across the Jordan River would enter Canaan at the place where they built the altar. This place is spoken of as if it was the “front” or “entrance” to Canaan where the other tribes lived. Alternate translation: “at the entrance to the land of Canaan” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
805	22:11	yqa5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	גְּלִילוֹת֙	1	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
806	22:12	v3q5			לַ⁠צָּבָֽא	1	a state of armed conflict between two nations or people groups
807	22:13	t232		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶלְעָזָ֥ר	1	name of man (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
808	22:16	sy2y			כֹּ֣ה אָמְר֞וּ כֹּ֣ל׀ עֲדַ֣ת יְהוָ֗ה	1	All the people of Israel are spoken of together in the singular as if they were one person. Alternate translation: “All the other Israelites are asking”
809	22:17	lcv2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	הַ⁠מְעַט־לָ֨⁠נוּ֙ אֶת־עֲוֺ֣ן פְּע֔וֹר אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־הִטַּהַ֨רְנוּ֙ מִמֶּ֔⁠נּוּ עַ֖ד הַ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה	1	This question emphasizes how serious their previous sin was. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “We had already sinned terribly at Peor!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
810	22:17	b18v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	פְּע֔וֹר	1	This is name of a place. Translate the same way as in Joshua 13:20. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
811	22:17	ie2t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־הִטַּהַ֨רְנוּ֙ מִמֶּ֔⁠נּוּ	1	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “we are still dealing with the guilt of that sin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
812	22:20	kyw7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	עָכָ֣ן & זֶ֗רַח	1	names of men (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
813	22:20	v3qy		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	הֲ⁠ל֣וֹא׀ עָכָ֣ן בֶּן־זֶ֗רַח מָ֤עַל מַ֨עַל֙ בַּ⁠חֵ֔רֶם	1	These questions are used to remind the people of the punishment for past sins. These questions can be written as statements. Alternate translation: “Achan son of Zerah sinned by taking things that had been reserved for God. And because of that God punished all the people of Israel!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
814	22:22	x5pm		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	אִם־בְּ⁠מֶ֤רֶד וְ⁠אִם־בְּ⁠מַ֨עַל֙ בַּֽ⁠יהוָ֔ה אַל־תּוֹשִׁיעֵ֖⁠נוּ הַ⁠יּ֥וֹם הַ⁠זֶּֽה	1	The three tribes are making a hypothetical statement that they insist is not true. They did not build the altar in rebellion or breach of faith. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
815	22:23	sku4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	לִ⁠בְנ֥וֹת לָ֨⁠נוּ֙ מִזְבֵּ֔חַ לָ⁠שׁ֖וּב מֵ⁠אַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְ⁠אִם־לְ⁠הַעֲל֨וֹת עָלָ֜י⁠ו עוֹלָ֣ה וּ⁠מִנְחָ֗ה וְ⁠אִם־לַ⁠עֲשׂ֤וֹת עָלָי⁠ו֙ זִבְחֵ֣י שְׁלָמִ֔ים יְהוָ֖ה ה֥וּא יְבַקֵּֽשׁ	1	The three tribes are making a hypothetical statement that they insist is not true. They did not build the altar to worship another god. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
816	22:24	cei9				0	The tribes of Reuben, Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh now give their answer.
817	22:24	xpn5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	יֹאמְר֨וּ בְנֵי⁠כֶ֤ם לְ⁠בָנֵ֨י⁠נוּ֙ לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר מַה־לָּ⁠כֶ֕ם וְ⁠לַֽ⁠יהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	1	This is a hypothetical accusation that the three tribes think the children of the other tribes may make sometime in the future. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
818	22:24	qr6z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	מַה־לָּ⁠כֶ֕ם וְ⁠לַֽ⁠יהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	1	The three tribes use this rhetorical question to emphasize the situation they are trying to avoid. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have nothing to do with Yahweh, the God of Israel!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
819	22:25	qfc4				0	The tribes of Reuben, Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh continue their answer.
820	22:25	w2sv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	וּ⁠גְב֣וּל נָֽתַן־יְ֠הוָה בֵּינֵ֨⁠נוּ וּ⁠בֵינֵי⁠כֶ֜ם בְּנֵי־רְאוּבֵ֤ן וּ⁠בְנֵי־גָד֙ אֶת־הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֔ן אֵין־לָ⁠כֶ֥ם חֵ֖לֶק בַּֽ⁠יהוָ֑ה	1	This is the continuation of the hypothetical accusation that the three tribes think the children of the other tribes may make sometime in the future. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
821	22:25	w3az			אֶת־הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֔ן	1	This is a short name for the Jordan River.
822	22:25	iy97		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	וְ⁠הִשְׁבִּ֤יתוּ בְנֵי⁠כֶם֙ אֶת־בָּנֵ֔י⁠נוּ לְ⁠בִלְתִּ֖י יְרֹ֥א אֶת־יְהוָֽה	1	The three tribes built the altar to avoid this hypothetical situation from happening in the future. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
823	22:26	ueg6				0	The tribes of Reuben, Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh now give their answer.
824	22:27	m97u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	עֵ֨ד ה֜וּא בֵּינֵ֣י⁠נוּ וּ⁠בֵינֵי⁠כֶ֗ם	1	The altar is spoken of as if it were a witness that could testify to the rights of the three tribes. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
825	22:27	gs6k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	וְ⁠לֹא־יֹאמְר֨וּ בְנֵי⁠כֶ֤ם מָחָר֙ לְ⁠בָנֵ֔י⁠נוּ אֵין־לָ⁠כֶ֥ם חֵ֖לֶק בַּ⁠יהוָֽה	1	This is the hypothetical situation that the three tribes did not want to happen. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
826	22:27	n3i9			אֵין־לָ⁠כֶ֥ם חֵ֖לֶק	1	“no portion” or “no inheritance”
827	22:28	bf3h				0	The tribes of Reuben, Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh now finish their answer.
828	22:28	kuu5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	וְ⁠הָיָ֗ה כִּֽי־יֹאמְר֥וּ אֵלֵ֛י⁠נוּ וְ⁠אֶל־דֹּרֹתֵ֖י⁠נוּ מָחָ֑ר וְ⁠אָמַ֡רְנוּ רְא֣וּ אֶת־תַּבְנִית֩ מִזְבַּ֨ח יְהוָ֜ה אֲשֶׁר־עָשׂ֣וּ אֲבוֹתֵ֗י⁠נוּ לֹ֤א לְ⁠עוֹלָה֙ וְ⁠לֹ֣א לְ⁠זֶ֔בַח כִּי־עֵ֣ד ה֔וּא בֵּינֵ֖י⁠נוּ וּ⁠בֵינֵי⁠כֶֽם	1	The three tribes are describing their potential answer to an accusation that might or might not be made at a future time. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
829	22:29	b4w1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	חָלִילָ⁠ה֩ לָּ֨⁠נוּ מִמֶּ֜⁠נּוּ לִ⁠מְרֹ֣ד	1	The unlikely chance that they would rebel is spoken of as if it is something that is a great distance away from them. Alternate translation: “We would certainly not rebel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
830	22:29	i8y4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וְ⁠לָ⁠שׁ֤וּב הַ⁠יּוֹם֙ מֵ⁠אַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה	1	To stop following Yahweh is spoken of as if they were turning away from him. Alternate translation: “stop following him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
831	22:30	ysf8			וַ⁠יִּשְׁמַ֞ע & אֶת־הַ֨⁠דְּבָרִ֔ים	1	“heard the message”
832	22:30	i3xp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וַ⁠יִּיטַ֖ב בְּ⁠עֵינֵי⁠הֶֽם	1	Here “in their eyes” means “in their opinion.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
833	22:31	ab6h			לֹֽא־מְעַלְתֶּ֥ם בַּֽ⁠יהוָ֖ה הַ⁠מַּ֣עַל הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה	1	“broken your promise to him”
834	22:31	w1fn		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	הִצַּלְתֶּ֛ם אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִ⁠יַּ֥ד יְהוָֽה	1	Here “the hand of Yahweh” refers to his punishment. Protecting the people is spoken of as rescuing them from his hand. Alternate translation: “you have kept Yahweh from punishing us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
835	22:33	pn48		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וַ⁠יִּיטַ֣ב הַ⁠דָּבָ֗ר בְּ⁠עֵינֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	1	Here “good in the eyes” means “accepted.” Alternate translation: “The people accepted the report of the leaders” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
836	22:33	h5hk			לְ⁠שַׁחֵת֙ אֶת־הָ⁠אָ֔רֶץ	1	“destroy everything in the land”
837	22:34	xf56		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	עֵ֥ד הוּא֙ בֵּֽינֹתֵ֔י⁠נוּ	1	The altar is spoken of as if it were a witness that could testify for the three tribes. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
838	23:intro	v3r6				0	Joshua 23 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Joshua’s final words to Israel (Joshua 23-24) “Do not marry with the heathen people but drive them out.” ##### Drive them out The Israelites were to completely drive out the Canaanites. If they did not drive them out completely, the Canaanites would cause the Israelites to worship other gods. It was sinful to allow the Canaanites to remain in the land because if the Israelites married the Canaanites, the Canaanites would cause them to worship other gods. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
839	23:2	vyz9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	זָקַ֔נְתִּי בָּ֖אתִי בַּ⁠יָּמִֽים	1	This doublet can be translated as “very old.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
840	23:4	t22f			הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֗ן	1	This is a short name for the Jordan River.
841	23:4	bf99			מְב֥וֹא הַ⁠שָּֽׁמֶשׁ	1	This indicates the direction of the setting sun.
842	23:6	w84i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	לְ⁠בִלְתִּ֥י סוּר־מִמֶּ֖⁠נּוּ יָמִ֥ין וּ⁠שְׂמֹֽאול	1	Disobeying the commands of the law of Moses is spoken of as turning to the right or to the left away from a path. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
843	23:7	mc72			לְ⁠בִלְתִּי־בוֹא֙ בַּ⁠גּוֹיִ֣ם הָ⁠אֵ֔לֶּה	1	Possible meanings are 1) having close friendship with them or 2) intermarrying with them.
844	23:7	vkw6			תַזְכִּ֨ירוּ֙	1	to speak of
845	23:7	wbj7			אֱלֹהֵי⁠הֶ֤ם	1	This refers to the gods of the remaining nations.
846	23:8	k6my		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	בַּ⁠יהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵי⁠כֶ֖ם תִּדְבָּ֑קוּ	1	“hold tightly to Yahweh.” Believing in Yahweh is spoken of as if they were holding tightly onto him. Alternate translation: “continue to believe in Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
847	23:8	q6qx			עַ֖ד הַ⁠יּ֥וֹם הַ⁠זֶּֽה	1	“until the present time”
848	23:9	wf3v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	לֹא־עָ֤מַד אִישׁ֙ בִּ⁠פְנֵי⁠כֶ֔ם	1	Here “stand” represents holding ground in a battle. The word “you” refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
849	23:10	iar1			אֶחָ֥ד	1	only one
850	23:10	lx1z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	אָ֑לֶף	1	“1,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
851	23:12	i2mf		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וּ⁠דְבַקְתֶּם֙ בְּ⁠יֶ֨תֶר֙ הַ⁠גּוֹיִ֣ם הָ⁠אֵ֔לֶּה	1	Accepting the beliefs of these nations is spoken of as holding tightly to them. Alternate translation: “accept the beliefs of the survivors of these nations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
852	23:13	pdx3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	לְ⁠פַ֣ח וּ⁠לְ⁠מוֹקֵ֗שׁ	1	The words “snare” and “trap” mean basically the same thing. Together they speak of the other nations as if they were a deadly trap that will cause trouble for Israel. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
853	23:13	ut82		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וּ⁠לְ⁠שֹׁטֵ֤ט בְּ⁠צִדֵּי⁠כֶם֙ וְ⁠לִ⁠צְנִנִ֣ים בְּ⁠עֵינֵי⁠כֶ֔ם	1	These phrases speak of the troubles these nations will cause Israel as if they were as painful as whips and thorns. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
854	23:14	ba62		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	אָנֹכִ֤י הוֹלֵךְ֙ הַ⁠יּ֔וֹם בְּ⁠דֶ֖רֶךְ כָּל־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ	1	Joshua uses a polite term to refer to his death. Alternate translation: “I am going to die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
855	23:14	x3c7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	וִ⁠ידַעְתֶּ֞ם בְּ⁠כָל־לְבַבְ⁠כֶ֣ם וּ⁠בְ⁠כָל־נַפְשְׁ⁠כֶ֗ם	1	Here the words “hearts” and “souls” have similar meanings. Together they emphasize deep personal knowledge. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
856	23:14	vtt2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives	לֹֽא־נָפַל֩ דָּבָ֨ר אֶחָ֜ד	1	These words emphasize that Yahweh’s promises have all occurred. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “every word has come true” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
857	23:16	xwa3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	וַ⁠עֲבַדְתֶּם֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וְ⁠הִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֖ם לָ⁠הֶ֑ם	1	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second describes how the people “worship other gods.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
858	23:16	wz7d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וְ⁠חָרָ֤ה אַף־יְהוָה֙ בָּ⁠כֶ֔ם	1	“Kindled” here is a metaphor for the beginning of Yahweh’s anger, like a fire is “kindled” or started with “kindling” or very easy to start burning like dried grass or small twigs. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will begin to be angry with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
859	24:intro	yqa8				0	Joshua 24 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Joshua’s instructions In this chapter, Joshua gives the leaders and people instructions in preparation for his death. It was common in the Ancient Near East for important leaders to do this. Unfortunately, the people of Israel did not listen to Joshua’s instructions.
860	24:1	e4nq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וַ⁠יֶּאֶסֹ֧ף יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ אֶת־כָּל־שִׁבְטֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	1	Joshua’s summons to the tribes is spoken of as if he gathered them together in a basket. Alternate translation: “Joshua asked all the tribes of Israel to meet with him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
861	24:1	c7pt			וַ⁠יִּֽתְיַצְּב֖וּ לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י	1	“came and stood in front of” or “came before”
862	24:2	tn5x			מֵֽ⁠עוֹלָ֔ם	1	“many years ago”
863	24:2	y8s6			כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר	1	Joshua begins to quote what Yahweh had said previously. The quotation continues until the end of verse 13.
864	24:2	uke1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	תֶּ֛רַח & נָח֑וֹר	1	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
865	24:3	h2vy				0	Joshua continues quoting what Yahweh said about his dealings with his people.
866	24:4	z8e8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	שֵׂעִיר֙	1	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
867	24:4	azj7			יָרְד֥וּ	1	Egypt was lower in elevation that the land of Canaan. Alternate translation: “traveled”
868	24:5	hrk4				0	Joshua continues quoting what Yahweh said about his dealings with his people.
869	24:5	shc6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	הוֹצֵ֥אתִי אֶתְ⁠כֶֽם	1	The word “you” is plural and refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
870	24:6	uxu8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	וָֽ⁠אוֹצִ֤יא אֶת־אֲבֽוֹתֵי⁠כֶם֙	1	The word “your” is plural throughout this speech and refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
871	24:7	w52l				0	Joshua continues quoting what Yahweh said about his dealings with his people.
872	24:7	t8kg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	וַ⁠יִּצְעֲק֣וּ & בֵּינֵי⁠כֶ֣ם	1	Yahweh continually alternates between these two phrases, which both refer to all the Israelites, past and present. The word “you” is plural throughout this speech and refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
873	24:7	rv8q			אֶת־הַ⁠יָּם֙	1	This refers to the Sea of Reeds.
874	24:7	gqs1			בַ⁠מִּדְבָּ֖ר	1	an uninhabited area, a desert
875	24:8	jpf2				0	Joshua continues quoting what Yahweh said about his dealings with his people.
876	24:8	xwk4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	אֶתְ⁠כֶ֗ם	1	The word “you” is plural throughout this speech and refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
877	24:8	ew9g			הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֔ן	1	This is a short name for the Jordan River.
878	24:8	wu3t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וָ⁠אֶתֵּ֨ן אוֹתָ֤⁠ם בְּ⁠יֶדְ⁠כֶם֙	1	Here “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “enabled you to conquer them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
879	24:9	wi7h				0	Joshua continues quoting what Yahweh said about his dealings with his people.
880	24:9	eb7h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בָּלָ֤ק & צִפּוֹר֙	1	men’s names (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
881	24:9	l9gd		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	אֶתְ⁠כֶֽם	1	The word “you” is plural throughout this speech and refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
882	24:10	jr3f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וָ⁠אַצִּ֥ל אֶתְ⁠כֶ֖ם מִ⁠יָּדֽ	1	Here “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “enabled you to overcome him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
883	24:11	wlg7				0	Joshua continues quoting what Yahweh said about his dealings with his people.
884	24:11	b324		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	וַ⁠תַּעַבְר֣וּ	1	The word “you” is plural throughout this speech and refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
885	24:11	jx4u			אֶת־הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּן֮	1	This is a short name for the Jordan River.
886	24:12	d1wr			אֶת־הַ⁠צִּרְעָ֔ה	1	A small fast flying stinging insect that lives in colonies. Here, many “hornets” are spoken of as only one.
887	24:13	qv5z				0	Joshua finishes quoting what Yahweh said about his dealings with his people.
888	24:15	gei6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וְ⁠אִם֩ רַ֨ע בְּֽ⁠עֵינֵי⁠כֶ֜ם	1	The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or desire. Alternate translation: “If you do not want” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
889	24:15	bff7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וּ⁠בֵיתִ֔⁠י	1	This represents his family that lives in his house. Alternate translation: “my family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
890	24:17	uf71		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns	אֹתָ֧⁠נוּ וְ⁠אֶת־אֲבוֹתֵ֛י⁠נוּ	1	The people speak as if they were present with their ancestors, and interchange the words “us” and “we” with “our ancestors.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
891	24:17	n1g2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	מִ⁠בֵּ֣ית עֲבָדִ֑ים	1	Here “house” is an idiom that refers to the location of their slavery. Alternate translation: “place where we were slaves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
892	24:17	v2lc			הָֽ⁠עַמִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָבַ֖רְנוּ	1	“nations that we passed through”
893	24:19	in4p			הָ⁠עָ֗ם	1	This refers to the Israelites.
894	24:19	di8z			אֵֽל־קַנּ֣וֹא ה֔וּא	1	God wants his people to worship only him.
895	24:20	l4yi		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וְ⁠שָׁ֨ב & וְ⁠כִלָּ֣ה אֶתְ⁠כֶ֔ם	1	Yahweh’s anger is spoken of as if he was a fire that would destroy them. Alternate translation: “He will destroy you as with fire” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
896	24:21	mt8s			הָ⁠עָ֖ם	1	This refers to the Israelites.
897	24:23	h48g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וְ⁠הַטּוּ֙ אֶת־לְבַבְ⁠כֶ֔ם אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה	1	Deciding to obey Yahweh only is spoken of as turning their heart towards him. Here “heart” represents the whole person. In this case, “heart” is plural because it refers to all the Israelites as a single group. However, it may be best to translate it in the plural since “your” is plural. Alternate translation: “turn yourselves to Yahweh” or “decide to obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
898	24:24	ut8c			הָ⁠עָ֖ם	1	This refers to the Israelites.
899	24:24	yq9g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וּ⁠בְ⁠קוֹל֖⁠וֹ נִשְׁמָֽע	1	Here “listen” means to obey. Alternate translation: “We will obey everything he tells us to do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
900	24:25	g8by		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וַ⁠יָּ֥שֶׂם ל֛⁠וֹ חֹ֥ק וּ⁠מִשְׁפָּ֖ט	1	Establishing laws is spoken of as if Joshua physically set them in place like monuments. Alternate translation: “He established decrees and laws” or “He gave them laws and decrees to obey” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
901	24:26	n7ac			בְּ⁠סֵ֖פֶר תּוֹרַ֣ת אֱלֹהִ֑ים	1	This appears to be a continuation of the writings of Moses.
902	24:26	ct9g			וַ⁠יְקִימֶ֣⁠הָ שָּׁ֔ם	1	“placed it there”
903	24:27	u7ad			הָ⁠עָ֗ם	1	This refers to the Israelites.
904	24:27	mkt9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	הָ⁠אֶ֤בֶן הַ⁠זֹּאת֙ תִּֽהְיֶה־בָּ֣⁠נוּ לְ⁠עֵדָ֔ה כִּֽי־הִ֣יא שָׁמְעָ֗ה אֵ֚ת כָּל־אִמְרֵ֣י	1	The stone that Joshua set up is spoken of as if it were a person who heard what was spoken and would be able to testify about what was said. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
905	24:27	h23i			פֶּֽן־תְּכַחֲשׁ֖וּ⁠ן	1	“if you ever”
906	24:29	e9uy		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	בֶּן־מֵאָ֥ה וָ⁠עֶ֖שֶׂר שָׁנִֽים	1	“one hundred and ten years old” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
907	24:30	iyt3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בְּ⁠תִמְנַת־סֶ֖רַח & לְ⁠הַר־גָּֽעַשׁ	1	names of places (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
908	24:31	gf2q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֣י יְהוֹשֻׁ֑עַ	1	This is an idiom that refers to Joshua’s entire life. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
909	24:31	r7xz			הֶאֱרִ֤יכוּ יָמִים֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ	1	“lived longer than Joshua”
910	24:32	a3ik			עַצְמ֣וֹת י֠וֹסֵף & קָבְר֣וּ בִ⁠שְׁכֶם֒	1	It may be helpful to change the order of the beginning of this sentence. Alternate translation: “The people of Israel brought the bones of Joseph up out of Egypt and buried them at Shechem”
911	24:32	ve2g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	בְּ⁠מֵאָ֣ה קְשִׂיטָ֑ה	1	“100 pieces” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
912	24:33	ur16		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠אֶלְעָזָ֥ר	1	This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
913	24:33	rv7j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בְּ⁠גִבְעַת֙	1	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])