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2	front:intro	v8pn		Introduction to Judges Part 1: General Introduction Outline of Judges History of the judges of Israel (1:1–16:31) Introduction (1:1-3:6) Othniel, Ehud, and Shamgar (3:7–31) Deborah and Barak (4:1–5:31) Gideon (6:1–8:35) Abimelech, Tola, and Jair (9:1–10:5) Jephthah (10:6-12:7) Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon (12:8-15) Samson (13:1–16:31) The account of Micah and his idols (17:1–18:31) The account of Gibeah; the other Israelites take revenge (19:1–21:25) What is the Book of Judges about? The Book of Judges tells of events that occurred after the Israelites settled in the Promised Land. The events in this book happened over a period of about 150 years. This book describes how the Israelites repeatedly sinned against Yahweh during this time. They worshiped false gods and did the same wicked things as the peoples who lived around them. Therefore, God would allow enemies to defeat and oppress the Israelites. Eventually, the Israelites would call to Yahweh for help. Yahweh would then cause someone to help the Israelites defeat their enemies. This person was called a “judge.” The Israelites would live in peace until the judge died. After that judge died, the Israelites would start sinning again. So this pattern of events would repeat. How should the title of this book be translated? This book traditionally has the title “Judges” because it gives accounts of some of the main leaders or judges in Israel before there were any kings over the people. Unless there are good reasons for following the title in other Bible versions, the translator should probably use the title “Judges” or a title such as “The Book about the Leaders in Israel.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts What kind of leaders were the judges? These were men and women whom God chose to help the Israelites defeat their enemies. After defeating their enemies, these leaders usually continued to help the people by deciding disputes among them. They also helped them make important decisions. Many of these leaders served all the people of Israel, but some of these leaders may have served only certain tribes. What kind of society was Israel during the time of the judges? During this time, the twelve tribes of Israel were independent of one another. They were not a unified nation with one ruler. The tribes would sometimes help each other when enemies were threatening them. These tribes were descended from the same ancestors: Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. They shared in the same covenant with Yahweh. What spiritual struggles did Israel experience during the time of the judges? During this time, Israel struggled to remain faithful to Yahweh. The best judges encouraged Israel to be faithful to him, but some of the judges failed to do so. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]]) Part 3: Important Translation Issues What is the meaning of the phrase “in those days there was no king in Israel, and everyone did what was right in his own eyes”? This phrase occurs twice in the book of Judges. Shorter versions of the phrase occur two other times. These phrases imply that the writer or editor of this book was alive at a later time when there was a king in Israel. They also seem to imply that the writer thought that things were not good in Israel because there was no king. The translation of these phrases should imply to the reader that the book’s writer is looking back into the past. What is the meaning of the phrase “to this day”? The narrator used this phrase to refer to the time when he was writing. The translator should be aware that “to this day” refers to a time already passed. The translator must avoid giving the impression that the present day of the translation’s readers is meant. The translator might decide to say, “to this day, at the time when this is being written,” or, “to this day, at the time of writing.” This Hebrew phrase occurs in Judges 1:21, 26; 6:24; 10:4; 15:19; 18:12.
3	1:intro	a4am		Judges 01 General Notes Structure and formatting “After the death of Joshua” This statement creates a seamless transition from the book of Joshua. Special concepts in this chapter Finishing the conquest of the Promised Land Israel fought to clear the land of the Canaanites, but they also made treaties with other peoples and made some of them do hard labor. This was against God’s instruction to completely remove the Canaanite people from the land.
4	1:1	r9ee		The book of Judges continues the story about Joshua and is also the beginning of a new part of the story.
5	1:1	b9my		This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
6	1:1	c92j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive	The word “us” refers to the people of Israel, but not to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
7	1:2	c4zw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “Judah” represents the men of the tribe of Judah. Yahweh is commanding these men to attack first. Alternate translation: “The men of Judah must attack first” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
8	1:2	i2v6		“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
9	1:2	ysi6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This refers to the land where the Canaanites lived. Alternate translation: “the land of the Canaanites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
10	1:3	k7aq		“their fellow Israelites” or “their relatives”
11	1:3	x2kz		The people of the tribes of Judah and Simeon were camped with the rest of the Israelite people in the valley of the Jordan River. The land given to Judah was in the hills above the valley. Some languages do not usually indicate whether people were going up or down. Alternate translation: “Come with us” or “Go with us”
12	1:3	p8mq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh assigned to us … that Yahweh assigned to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
13	1:3	yz2b		“We will also go with you” or “In the same way, we will go with you”
14	1:4	ku4h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It is implied that the men of Simeon attacked with the men of Judah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
15	1:4	n19d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“They killed about 10,000” or “They killed a large number” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
16	1:4	vmc4		“soldiers of the Canaanites and Perizzites” or “enemies”
17	1:4	c9xq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is an area in the mountains of Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
18	1:5	w88l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This man was the leader of the army of the Canaanites and the Perizzites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
19	1:5	i3pn	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “him” actually refers to Adoni-Bezek and his army. Alternate translation: “they fought against him and his army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
20	1:6	vz6p		“chased him”
21	1:7	es2p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“70 kings” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
22	1:7	t5fd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whose thumbs and big toes I told my men to cut off” or “whose thumbs and big toes we cut off” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
23	1:7	p5cw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Forcing these kings to eat scraps of food represents all the ways that Adoni-Bezek humiliated these kings. Here “gathering” food represents eating it. Alternate translation: “ate scraps of food from under my table” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
24	1:8	hh58	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “city” represents the people. Alternate translation: “the people who lived in Jerusalem and defeated them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
25	1:8	ca78	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “it” refers to the city which represents the people of the city. Alternate translation: “They attacked the people of the city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
26	1:8	k6ze	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	“with the point of the sword.” Here “sword” represents the swords and other weapons that the soldiers used in battle. Alternate translation: “with their swords” or “with their weapons” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
27	1:9	cs3t		It was common to use the word “down” when it refers to traveling from Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “the men of Judah went to fight”
28	1:9	q3x9		“in the southern Judean wilderness”
29	1:9	x4ew		hills at the base of a mountain or mountain range
30	1:10	ax37	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	This is background information. Some people who first read this book had probably heard of Kiriath Arba but did not know that it was the same as the city that they called Hebron. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
31	1:10	edk7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are the names of three Canaanite leaders of Hebron. Each leader represents his army. Alternate translation: “Sheshai, Ahiman, Talmai, and their armies” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
32	1:11	lh59	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	The author probably wrote this because his readers knew the city as Debir. But at the time Israel attacked it, it was called Kiriath Sepher. Alternate translation: “which used to be called Kiriath Sepher” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
33	1:11	fn5g		“was in times past” or “was at an earlier time”
34	1:12	e7kf	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Kiriath Sepher” represents the people. Alternate translation: “Whoever attacks and defeats the people of Kiriath Sepher and takes their city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
35	1:12	n39v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of Caleb’s daughter. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
36	1:13	xa4b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
37	1:14	u3cc		“Aksah urged Othniel”
38	1:15	m3cg		“Do a favor for me” or “Do this for me”
39	1:15	rz4u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Caleb gave Aksah in marriage to Othniel, so she lived with Othniel in the city that he had captured in the Negev. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Since you have given me in marriage to live in the Negev” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
40	1:15	n8di	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This implies that Caleb did give her the field when she asked him for it (verse 14). She is now asking for springs of water in addition to that field. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
41	1:16	x6ei		“of the father of Moses’ wife”
42	1:16	fqe9		“father-in-law, who was one of the Ken people, went up”
43	1:16	n6kh		“left the City of Palms … and went into the wilderness”
44	1:16	a29w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This is another name for the city of Jericho. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
45	1:16	u7t8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city in Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
46	1:17	e48a		Here “brothers” means relatives who were in another tribe of Israel.
47	1:17	nd84	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city in Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
48	1:17	iy2d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	After the Israelites destroyed Zephath, they changed its name to “Hormah.” The name “Hormah” means “complete destruction.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
49	1:19	vtq2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here “was with” means that Yahweh helped the people of Judah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
50	1:19	g27v		a very large area of level, treeless ground
51	1:20	ys79	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses had given Hebron to Caleb” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
52	1:20	eml1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The leaders of the people groups are used to refer to the entire group. Alternate translation: “three sons of Anak and their people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
53	1:20	tyj7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a man. Anak and his descendants were famous for being very tall. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
54	1:21	l6aj		“until now.” This refers to the time the book of Judges was written.
55	1:22	da33	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “house” represents descendants. Manasseh and Ephraim were sons of Joseph, and the “house of Joseph” can refer to the descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim” or “The men of the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
56	1:22	pc1n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Bethel” represents the people who live in Bethel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
57	1:23	ffy3		to get information secretly
58	1:23	vx3f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	This is background information. Some people who first read this book had probably heard of Luz but did not know that it was the same as the city that they called Bethel. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/writing-background]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
59	1:24	qdm8		people who get information secretly
60	1:25	dj1j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “city” represents the people. Alternate translation: “they attacked the people of the city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
61	1:25	ncm9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	“with the point of the sword.” Here “sword” represents the swords and other weapons that the soldiers used in battle. Alternate translation: “with their swords” or “with their weapons” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
62	1:25	uw87	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “escape” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
63	1:26	i4r5		This new town started in the land of the Hittites was named after the town of Luz, near Bethel, that the man had left.
64	1:26	ym4e		“which is still its name.” Here “to this day” refers to the time when the book of Judges was written.
65	1:27	va98	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
66	1:27	grh4		To “determine” is to firmly decide something. Alternate translation: “because the Canaanites firmly decided not to leave that land”
67	1:28	m64k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Israel” represents the people. Alternate translation: “When the people of Israel became stronger” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
68	1:28	h7tu		“they forced the Canaanites to do hard work for them”
69	1:29	ek8n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Ephraim” the men or the soldiers of the tribe of Ephraim. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
70	1:29	u8mq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	The name of one of the cities in the Ephraim area. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
71	1:30	z9je	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Zebulun” represents the men or the soldiers of the tribe of Zebulun. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
72	1:30	p5am	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are names of cities in the land of Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
73	1:30	l8tv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Zebulun” represents the people of the tribe of Zebulun. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
74	1:30	cp5q		“difficult labor”
75	1:31	e29r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Asher” represents the men or the soldiers of the tribe of Asher. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
76	1:31	b612	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are names of cities in the land of Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
77	1:33	d9v1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
78	1:33	pck2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the people of Naphtali forced the people of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath to work for them as slaves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
79	1:34	w8it		“stopping them from coming down”
80	1:34	ijt5		a very large area of flat land without trees
81	1:35	qwt2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a large hill on which the city of Aijalon was built. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
82	1:35	cw8t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
83	1:35	x276		“the tribes of people who descended from Joseph were able to conquer them because of their powerful army”
84	1:35	uvw1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “house” represents descendants. Manasseh and Ephraim were sons of Joseph, and the “house of Joseph” can refer to the descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim” or “the men of the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
85	1:36	g7nx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This was a pass southwest of the Dead Sea. It is also called the “Scorpion Pass.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
86	1:36	qr2w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
87	2:intro	mf6a		Judges 02 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Yahweh tests Israel Yahweh said, “Because this nation has broken the terms of my covenant.” Completely removing the Canaanites from the land was a test from Yahweh. While Yahweh displayed covenant faithfulness, Israel did not. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/test]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]])
88	2:1	tt9y		Possible meaning are (1) “angel who represents Yahweh” or (2) “messenger who serves Yahweh” or (3) it may refer to Yahweh himself, who looked like an angel as he talked to a person. Either one of these meanings would explain the angel’s use of “I” as if Yahweh himself were talking.
89	2:1	q2ka		“left Gilgal and went to Bokim”
90	2:1	x66i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is what the Israelites named this place in 2:5 after the angel rebukes the people. “Bokim” means “crying.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
91	2:1	te37	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	It is understood that the angel of Yahweh is speaking to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “and said to the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
92	2:1	im2i		“led you from Egypt”
93	2:1	ha9u		“your ancestors” or “your forefathers”
94	2:1	p92u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “fail to do what I said I would do for you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
95	2:2	syq4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “voice” represents what Yahweh said. Alternate translation: “you have not obeyed my commands” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
96	2:2	w8ys	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question is asked to cause the people of Israel to realize they have disobeyed Yahweh and will suffer because of it. Alternate translation: “You have done a terrible thing.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
97	2:3	lva5		The angel of Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Israel.
98	2:3	kdq3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes	This has a quotation within a quotation. This direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “So now I tell you that I will not … trap for you.’” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
99	2:3	plg4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The Canaanites troubling the Israelites is spoken of as if the Canaanites would be thorns in the side of the Israelites. Alternate translation: “cause you trouble” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
100	2:3	y4wm		sharp pieces of wood up to 7 centimeters long that stick out from some plants
101	2:3	b6w1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The Israelites worshiping the Canaanite gods is spoken of as if the false gods were a hunter’s trap that catches an animal and causes it harm. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
102	2:4	f5v2		“cried many tears”
103	2:6	p53v		Here “Now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator begins a summary that explains how the generations of Israelites after Joshua sinned and worshiped false gods so that Yahweh punished them, but then he would send judges to rescue them. This summary ends in 2:23.
104	2:6	u1xb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	The events of 1:1-2:5 happened after Joshua died. This is recounting events that happened at the end of the book of Joshua. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
105	2:6	i12e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This statement can be made clearer. Alternate translation: “to the place Yahweh gave them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
106	2:7	kcc2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	The background information that begins with the words “Now when Joshua” in verse 6 continues. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
107	2:7	ydz9		This means the time that someone lived. Alternate translation: “during the life”
108	2:7	g5ah		Here this means the men who helped lead Israel, participating in matters of social justice and in religious matters such as maintaining the law of Moses.
109	2:7	qml9		This means to live longer than someone else. Alternate translation: “lived longer than he did”
110	2:8	ii19	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	The background information that begins with the words “Now when Joshua” in verse 6 continues. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
111	2:8	m4jx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	The background information that begins with the words “Now when Joshua” in verse 6 ends. The events of 1:1-2:5 happened after Joshua died. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
112	2:8	k12w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
113	2:8	xfn6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“one hundred and ten years old” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
114	2:9	ne2z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that God gave him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
115	2:9	yk2s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of an area of land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
116	2:9	f8u2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
117	2:10	umh1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	The phrase “was also gathered to their fathers” means that as the people of that generation died, their souls went to the same place as their ancestors who died before them. It is a polite way of saying they died. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
118	2:10	r6cs		Here this means the ancestors of a certain person or people group.
119	2:10	flq1		“grew older” or “became older”
120	2:10	qd7f		Here “did not know” means they had not experienced Yahweh or his power the way the previous generation had.
121	2:11	yhh4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
122	2:11	gx61	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the plural of Baal. While “Baal” was generally the name of one false god, the word was also used for various other gods that were often worshiped along with Baal. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
123	2:12	tp3f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The Israelites no longer obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if they physically broke away from him and left him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
124	2:12	re2c		“their ancestors” or “their forefathers”
125	2:12	n4xl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The Israelites starting to worship false gods is spoken of as if the Israelites walked and went after the false gods. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
126	2:12	w9r2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	This is an act of worship and giving honor to someone. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
127	2:12	j3xw		“They caused Yahweh to become angry”
128	2:13	ddu6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the plural of Ashtoroth, who was worshiped as a goddess in many different forms. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
129	2:14	r6xm	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The anger of Yahweh is described as burning like a fire. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry with the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
130	2:14	bjf9		“he let raiders steal their possessions”
131	2:14	v1ki	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Yahweh allowing the enemies to take the Israelites as slaves is spoken of as if he sold them into slavery. The phrase “who were held by” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He allowed their enemies to conquer them and take them as slaves, and they could no longer resist their powerful enemies” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
132	2:15	b13p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” represents Yahweh’s power. Alternate translation: “Yahweh helped their enemies defeat them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
133	2:15	n59g		“they were suffering terribly”
134	2:16	t2b3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Yahweh appointing persons to be judges is spoken of as if he were raising or lifting the persons up. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
135	2:16	myh2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “from the power of the enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
136	2:17	p49i		“they would not obey their judges”
137	2:17	dv8s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	The people betraying Yahweh and worshiping other gods is spoken of as if the people were prostitutes. Alternate translation: “betrayed him by worshiping false gods” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
138	2:17	wwn4		“their ancestors” or “their forefathers”
139	2:18	eau5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Yahweh appointing persons to be judges is spoken of as if he raised or lifted up the persons. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
140	2:18	hz8j		The word “them” refers to the Israelites.
141	2:18	ql9k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” refers to power of the enemies to hurt Israel. Alternate translation: “the power of their enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
142	2:18	j2rk		“as long as the judge lived”
143	2:18	n8w4		to have compassion for someone or something
144	2:18	g95t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The sound made by a person who suffers is used to describe the pain of the Israelites as they suffer. Alternate translation: “as they suffered” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
145	2:19	q63w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The people no longer obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if they would physically turn away from Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
146	2:19	fnt4		“their ancestors” or “their forefathers”
147	2:19	kid3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The Israelites worshiping other gods is spoken of as if they were walking and going after other gods. Alternate translation: “They would serve and worship other gods” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
148	2:19	lq1a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	“They refused to stop doing evil things and being stubborn.” This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “They continued doing evil things and being stubborn” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
149	2:20	b7rk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The anger of Yahweh is described as burning like a fire. See how you translated this phrase in Judges 2:14. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
150	2:20	clk3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “nation” represents the people. Alternate translation: “these people have broken” or “the Israelites have broken” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
151	2:21	ry6q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “nations” represents the people groups that lived in Canaan before the Israelites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
152	2:22	n194	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	How Yahweh wants people to live or behave is spoken of as if it were a way or road. A person obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if they were walking in his way. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
153	2:23	tn49	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	These two phrases mean the same thing and can be combined. Alternate translation: “he did not let Joshua quickly conquer them and drive them out” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
154	2:23	b618	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” is a metonym for power, and “Joshua” represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “into the power of Joshua and his army” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
155	3:intro	k35h		Judges 03 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter The people worship false gods Israel worshiped idols and false gods. Because of this, Yahweh allowed Aram and Moab to rule over them. In the period of Judges, when Israel sinned, they were often placed under the rule of a foreign power. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter “Blew a trumpet” When Ehud “blew a trumpet,” he was calling all of the men to come help him fight. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
156	3:1	w2is		Here “Now” begins a new section of the story.
157	3:1	hp8z		This refers to the people groups that the narrator will list in 3:3.
158	3:1	xj63	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “who had not fought in any of the wars in Canaan” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
159	3:2	l4u8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	This breaks from the main story line. The narrator gives background information about why Yahweh left some of the people groups in Canaan. Alternate translation: “Yahweh left nations among the Israelites to teach the young men who had not fought in battle before how to fight” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
160	3:3	mgb4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	These five kings represent themselves and their people. Alternate translation: “the five kings and their people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
161	3:3	upq5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the highest mountain in Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
162	3:3	z6zc	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of an area at the northern boundary of Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
163	3:4	vqn2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh left these nations in Canaan” or “Yahweh allowed these nations to continue to live in Canaan” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
164	3:4	dzs7		“as a way”
165	3:4	f89f		The words “they” and “their” refer to the people of Israel.
166	3:4	wbc7		“the commands Yahweh gave”
167	3:7	p6m5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in Judges 2:11. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
168	3:7	e1t1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here “forgot” is an idiom that means “they stopped obeying.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
169	3:8	yg7p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Yahweh becoming very angry is spoken of as if his anger were something that could be set on fire. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
170	3:8	gwp8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Allowing the people of Israel to be conquered is spoken of as if Yahweh sold them to Cushan-Rishathaim. Alternate translation: “allowed Cushan-Rishathaim and his army to defeat them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
171	3:8	zj78	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” is a metonym that represents power or control. Also, “Cushan-Rishathaim” is a synechdoche that represents himself and his army. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
172	3:8	b1vl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
173	3:8	a27l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a country. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
174	3:9	vg5k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Yahweh appointing someone to do a special work for him is spoken of as if Yahweh raised or lifted up the person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
175	3:9	k6r6		See how you translated these men’s names in Judges 1:13.
176	3:10	y845		This phrase means that Yahweh helped Othniel to have and develop the qualities he needed to be a great leader.
177	3:10	rq2z		Here “judged” means he led the people of Israel.
178	3:10	k8cd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “he” refers to Othniel who represents himself and the army of Israel. Alternate translation: “Othniel and the Israelite soldiers went to fight against the army of Cushan-Rishathaim” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
179	3:10	l4lh	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “Cushan-Rishathaim” represents his army. Alternate translation: “Yahweh helped the Israelite army defeat the army of Cushan-Rishathaim king of Aram” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
180	3:10	f953	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” is a metonym for army. Alternate translation: “The army of Othniel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
181	3:11	svg9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	“The land” is used to refer to the people who lived in the land. Alternate translation: “The people lived peacefully” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
182	3:11	i8ks	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“40 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
183	3:12	l914	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in Judges 2:11. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
184	3:12	nj1t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “strength” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “Yahweh made Eglon king of Moab strong” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
185	3:12	s1wn	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “Eglon king of Moab” represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “to Eglon king of Moab and his soldiers as they attacked the Israelite army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
186	3:12	z23q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a king. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
187	3:13	rp3h		This is another name for the city of Jericho. See how you translated this in Judges 1:16.
188	3:14	h6y6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“18 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
189	3:15	mpv5		Here this means to shout or speak loudly to someone far away. It can also mean to ask someone for help, especially God.
190	3:15	zn6d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Yahweh appointing someone to do a special service for him is spoken of as if he raised or lifted up the person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
191	3:15	jja5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
192	3:15	w4sk		Ehud was better able to hold a sword with his left hand.
193	3:16	fm5l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance	If it is necessary to use a modern measurement of length, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: “46 centimeters” or “about one half meter” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
194	3:16	i3y7		“he tied it to his right thigh under his clothing”
195	3:16	s4wh		the part of the leg between the knee and the hip
196	3:17	k42d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	Here “Now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells background information about Eglon. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
197	3:19	q56y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when he arrived at the place near Gilgal where people made carved images” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
198	3:20	f67g		This is a room above the lower level that was used for rest and to remain cool during the hot part of the day.
199	3:20	p7ft	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	Standing up was a sign of honoring God will listening to his message. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
200	3:22	k49p		“The sharp end of the sword came out of his back”
201	3:23	djg4		an outside room with low walls and a roof covering
202	3:24	z2qt	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	This is a polite way to speak about a person having a bowel movement (defecating) or urinating. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
203	3:25	d7zv		They waited until they became worried that something was wrong and it was their duty to open the doors to their king’s private room.
204	3:25	e1jf		“took the key and opened the doors”
205	3:26	r2ig	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-events	This tells what happened before the servants opened the doors to the upper room and found the king dead. Alternate translation: “Meanwhile, as the servants were still waiting outside of the upper room … Ehud escaped” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-events]])
206	3:26	x36q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
207	3:27	zet1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	This could be made clearer. Alternate translation: “When he arrived in Seirah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
208	3:28	s9y4		Ehud speaks to the people of Israel in Ephraim.
209	3:28	ax6h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Yahweh helping the Israelites to defeat their enemies is spoken of as if Yahweh were a warrior who would fight and defeat their enemies. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
210	3:28	i3vy		“gained control of the fords”
211	3:28	k9q1		the areas of a river where it is shallow and easy to walk across to the other side
212	3:28	uf81		“did not let anyone cross”
213	3:29	jjy8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“10,000 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
214	3:29	e6ge		“able men” or “men able to fight well”
215	3:30	ch1z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Israelite army defeated the Moabites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
216	3:30	par9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “strength” represents the Israelite army. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
217	3:30	w1xr	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “land” represents the people. Alternate translation: “the Israelites lived peacefully” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
218	3:30	dln1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“80 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
219	3:31	psq1		God appointed judges to lead the people of Israel in times of trouble after they entered the Promised Land and before they had kings. Often judges rescued the Israelites from their enemies.
220	3:31	xdh8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	The name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
221	3:31	uz68	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	The name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
222	3:31	f6s9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“six hundred men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
223	3:31	z3lr		Cattle farmers would poke their cattle with a sharp stick to make them move. AT “a stick used to urge cattle to move” or “a stick used to direct cattle”
224	3:31	n8z3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The word “danger” refers to enemies that tried to harm the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “He also delivered the people of Israel from their enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
225	4:intro	pjw5		Judges 04 General Notes Structure and formatting Chapters 4 and 5 form one section about Barak and Deborah. Special concepts in this chapter Barak’s leadership At this time, it was very unusual for a woman to be a leader, especially a military leader. Barak lacked the strength to go into battle without Deborah. This indicates that Barak was a poor leader. If a woman won the battle for him, it would have brought Barak shame. It also indicates that Deborah was very well respected. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
226	4:1	h4q7		See how you translated this man’s name in Judges 3:15.
227	4:1	aq65	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in Judges 2:11. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
228	4:2	yj14	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” refers to Jabin’s power over Israel. Yahweh’s decision to give Jabin power over them is spoken of as if Yahweh had sold them to Jabin. Alternate translation: “Yahweh allowed them to be defeated by the power of Jabin king of Canaan” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
229	4:2	i943	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are the names of men (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
230	4:2	fk1t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are the names of cities or places (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
231	4:3	ftq8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“900 iron chariots” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
232	4:3	k27q		“20 years”
233	4:4	e7xn	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells background information about Deborah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
234	4:4	nnu6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a woman (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
235	4:4	gru6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a man (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
236	4:4	lj93		God appointed judges to lead the Israelites in times of trouble. Often the judges rescued them from their enemies.
237	4:5	uy3x		This tree was named after Deborah.
238	4:6	b5l8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	The writer of Judges refers to men, a city, a mountain, and a river by their names. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
239	4:6	ehp5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
240	4:6	yn83	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
241	4:6	vi2x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“10,000 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
242	4:7	rm5r		Here “I” refers to God.
243	4:7	mmc1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “Sisera” represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “draw out Sisera and his army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
244	4:7	hl3v		to cause people to come away from a safe location
245	4:7	k3na		See how you translated these men’s names in Judges 4:2.
246	4:7	sue6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a river. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
247	4:8	qr6v		Barak has a discussion with Deborah.
248	4:8	b27v		See how you translated this man’s name in Judges 4:6.
249	4:9	y6ww	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The choice Barak makes is spoken of as if Barak were choosing a road on which to travel. And, “honor” is spoken of as if it were a destination to which one travels. Alternate translation: “no one will honor you for what you do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
250	4:9	v8ri	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” refers to her power to kill him. Alternate translation: “for Yahweh will cause a woman to defeat Sisera” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
251	4:9	msw7		See how you translated this man’s name in Judges 4:2.
252	4:9	bi9q		See how you translated this woman’s name in Judges 4:4.
253	4:10	g69f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“10,000 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
254	4:11	wq16	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells background information about Heber the Kenite. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
255	4:11	fty7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
256	4:11	aup8		See how you translated this in Judges 1:16
257	4:11	jez1		“the father of Moses’ wife”
258	4:11	y5mf	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
259	4:12	rkt1		Here “they” does not identify anyone specifically. Alternate translation: “When someone told Sisera”
260	4:12	dcw1		See how you translated this man’s name in Judges 4:2.
261	4:12	i2cf		See how you translated these names in Judges 4:6.
262	4:13	r3xw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “chariots” represents the soldiers who drove the chariots. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
263	4:13	avt4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“900 iron chariots” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
264	4:13	x4xy		See how you translated the name of this city in Judges 4:2.
265	4:13	a7q6		See how you translated this in Judges 4:7.
266	4:14	pb3b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture	Because Deborah is certain of victory, she speaks as if Barak had already won the battle. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will give you victory” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
267	4:14	r1ph	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Deborah asks this question to remind Barak that they fight on the side of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “Remember, Yahweh is leading you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
268	4:14	fv1q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“with 10,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
269	4:15	t5qj		“Yahweh made Sisera and all his chariots and all his army unable to think clearly” or “Yahweh made Sisera and all his chariots and all his army panic”
270	4:15	u8qh	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the word “chariots” is a metonym for the soldiers driving the chariots. Alternate translation: “all the men driving chariots” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
271	4:16	qj43	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “Barak” represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “Barak and his soldiers chased” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
272	4:16	ce5l		Translate this the same way you did in Judges 4:2.
273	4:16	x3gk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “sword” represents the swords and other weapons that the soldiers used in battle. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Barak and his soldiers killed Sisera’s whole army with their swords” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
274	4:17	ayi3		See how you translated these names in Judges 4:2.
275	4:17	h17w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom that means he was walking rather than riding a horse or in a chariot. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
276	4:17	mp3u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
277	4:17	s2ne		See how you translated this man’s name in Judges 4:11.
278	4:17	kwu8		See how you translated this in Judges 1:16.
279	4:18	k8b1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means to change course during a journey in order to rest. Alternate translation: “Come here” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
280	4:18	u5k9		a large covering for the body to sleep under for warmth, made of wool or animal skins
281	4:19	cn6j		“Sisera said to Jael”
282	4:21	ctd6		a pointed piece of wood or metal, like a large nail, that is hammered into the ground to hold down a corner of a tent
283	4:21	i8q2		a heavy tool made of wood used to hit a tent peg into the ground
284	4:21	lvc4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Like a person in a deep hole cannot easily climb out, a person in a deep sleep cannot easily wake up. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
285	4:22	n7wq		“Barak was chasing” or “Barak was following after”
286	4:23	xzh1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	God causing the Israelites to defeat Jabin and his army is spoken of as is God himself defeated Jabin as the people of Israel watched. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
287	4:24	y25t		“The military power”
288	4:24	zcb9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “him” refers to Jabin who represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “they destroyed Jabin and his army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
289	5:intro	jgd9		Judges 05 General Notes Structure and formatting The account of Deborah and Barak continues in this chapter. Some translations prefer to set apart quotations, prayers, and songs. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of Chapter 5, which is a song, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter The flood God caused rain and flooding to bog down Jaban’s chariots making them vulnerable to soldiers on foot, even though it is not said. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
290	5:1	w7ex	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “On the day the Israelites defeated the army of King Jabin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
291	5:1	pfq9		See how you translated this name in Judges 4:4.
292	5:1	l3sj		See how you translated these names in Judges 4:6.
293	5:2	s181		“when the men agree to fight in battle”
294	5:3	awd4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry	Deborah and Barak’s song continues using poetry. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
295	5:3	hs8j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe	Deborah and Barak speak to the kings and leaders as if they were there listening to the song. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
296	5:3	cbt1		This refers to kings and leaders in general, not to specific kings or leaders.
297	5:4	f5pu	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This refers to the time when the Israelites left Edom to start conquering the people in Canaan. Yahweh empowering his people to defeat the people of Canaan is spoken of as if he were a warrior leading the Israelite army. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
298	5:4	vj7e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Seir is a mountain on the border of the land of Israel and Edom. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
299	5:4	hw54	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Possible meanings are (1) this is poetic language that emphasizes Yahweh’s power by describing it as causing earthquakes and storms or (2) the people of Canaan being terrified as the Israelites were about to attack them is spoken of as if the earth and sky were shaking. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
300	5:5	db6h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry	Deborah and Barak’s song continues using poetry. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
301	5:5	p4qp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	This probably refers to earthquakes and gives the impression that the mountains quaked because they were very afraid of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “The mountains trembled in fear” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
302	5:5	d62l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “face” refers Yahweh’s presence. Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
303	5:5	wuf5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	When Moses and Israel were at Mount Sinai, it quaked. Alternate translation: “long ago, even Mount Sinai quaked” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
304	5:6	he9e		“During the lifetime of”
305	5:6	asi7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are the names of people. See how you translated Shamgar and Anath in Judges 3:31 and Jael in Judges 4:18. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
306	5:6	rw34	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	Shamgar’s father is mentioned to help identify Shamgar and when he lived. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
307	5:6	ki5e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form and you can make explicit why the roads were abandoned Alternate translation: “people stopped using the main roads; because they were afraid of Israel’s enemies” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
308	5:6	i6j5		This refers to smaller roads that fewer people traveled on.
309	5:7	n27x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Deborah speaks of becoming a leader in Israel as if she were a mother taking care of young children. Alternate translation: “I, Deborah, began to lead—I took care of the Israelites as a mother takes care of her children” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
310	5:8	mxk4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel worshiped new gods” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
311	5:8	duj5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “gates” represents the entire city. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “enemies attacked the people within the Israelite cities” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
312	5:8	v83h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	This statement is probably an exaggeration about how few weapons the Israelites had. Alternate translation: “few weapons for battle remained in Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
313	5:8	dl2n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“40,000 in Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
314	5:9	u5zy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The word “heart” represents a person’s emotions. The phrase “My heart goes out to” is a way of saying that Deborah feels gratitude or appreciation. Alternate translation: “I appreciate the commanders of Israel” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
315	5:10	dt2p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism	This contrast probably refers to rich people and poor people. Alternate translation: “you rich people who ride on white donkeys … you poor people who walk along the road” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
316	5:10	vf24		These rugs were probably used as saddles on the donkey’s back to make the rider more comfortable.
317	5:11	v16w		The song of Deborah and Barak continues.
318	5:11	v4bj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “voices” represents the people singing. Alternate translation: “Listen to those” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
319	5:11	f6il	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “gates” represents the whole city. Alternate translation: “returned to their cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
320	5:12	q8vl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry	Deborah and Barak’s song continues using poetry. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
321	5:12	de7e		Possible speakers are (1) the people of Israel or (2) Deborah who is speaking to herself or (3) the poet who wrote the song.
322	5:12	jc43		See how you translated this name in Judges 4:4.
323	5:12	qc51		See how you translated these names in Judges 4:6.
324	5:13	tl3e		The word “me” refers to Deborah.
325	5:14	e478	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The people of Ephraim living in the land where the descendants of Amalek originally lived is spoken of as if the people of Ephraim were planted and their roots grew into the land. Alternate translation: “from Ephraim, that land where the descendants of Amalek once lived” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
326	5:14	k3ph	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	Here “you” refers to the people of Ephraim. It can be stated in third person. Alternate translation: “followed them” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
327	5:14	yna1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the place where the descendants of Machir live. Machir was the son of Manasseh and the grandson of Joseph. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
328	5:14	rl91	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Military leaders are described by the staff, a symbol of their authority. Alternate translation: “military leaders from Zebulun” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
329	5:15	ruv4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person	Here “My” refers to Deborah. This whole statement can be translated in first person. Alternate translation: “My princes in Issachar were with me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
330	5:15	w1en		See how you translated this name in Judges 4:4.
331	5:15	sn4n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Issachar” refers to the tribe of Issachar. Alternate translation: “the tribe of Issachar was with Barak” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
332	5:15	yt1t		See how you translated this name in Judges 4:6.
333	5:15	z2wa		“obeying his command and rushing after him into the valley”
334	5:15	u31z		“following after” or “hurrying after”
335	5:15	sdi1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “heart” represents thoughts. The people discussing with each other but being unable to decide what they should do is spoken of as if they were searching their heart. Alternate translation: “there was a lot of discussing about what they should do” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
336	5:16	wc6c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question is asked to criticize the people of Reuben because they did not decide to come fight in the battle. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should have helped us fight, instead of staying at home and listening to the shepherds playing their pipes for their flocks” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
337	5:16	xdd2		Some versions of the Bible have the translation “the sheepfolds” or “the sheep pens.”
338	5:16	jg14	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “heart” represents thoughts. The people discussing with each other but being unable to decide what they should do is spoken of as if they were searching their heart. See how you translated this in Judges 5:15. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
339	5:17	pg1n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Gilead” the men from Gilead who should have gone to fight in battle. Alternate translation: “The men of Gilead stayed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
340	5:17	zwj6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This refers to the east side of the Jordan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
341	5:17	l6vz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question is asked to express anger because the people of the tribe of Dan would not fight for Israel. Alternate translation: “the men of Dan should not have remained on their ships!” or “the people of the tribe of Dan did not help us in the battle. Instead they were wandering around on the sea in ships!” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
342	5:17	wn8k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Dan” represents the men from Dan who should have gone to fight in battle. Alternate translation: “the men of Dan, why did they” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
343	5:17	wy1c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The tribe of Dan was located near the Mediterranean sea. They sailed on the sea to make money through trade and fishing. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
344	5:17	q466	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “The people of the tribe of Asher also failed to help us, they just remained on the coast near their harbors” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
345	5:17	hk9v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Asher” represents the men who should have gone to fight in battle. Alternate translation: “The men of Asher remained” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
346	5:17	s37f		places at the seacoast with deeper water where ships were kept
347	5:18	iq38	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “Naphtali was a tribe who would also risk their lives to the point of death” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
348	5:19	klr4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The king of a people group is used to refer to himself and the army he commands. Alternate translation: “The kings and their armies came and fought … the kings of Canaan and their armies fought” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
349	5:19	qh9s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	The word “us” is understood. Alternate translation: “they fought us … fought us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
350	5:19	bwx4		Translate the names of these places as you did in Judges 1:27.
351	5:19	jn5l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “silver” represents any treasure in general. Alternate translation: “no silver or other treasures as plunder” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
352	5:19	lin6		things taken by force, usually in battle or by thieves
353	5:20	uwf8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Yahweh helping the Israelite to defeat Sisera and his army is spoken of as if the stars themselves fought against Sisera and his army. This may refer to Yahweh using natural elements, specifically rain storms, to defeat Sisera. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
354	5:20	r9rm	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “Sisera” represents himself and his whole army. Alternate translation: “Sisera and his army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
355	5:20	ac6p		See how you translated this name in Judges 4:2.
356	5:21	yn1b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Because of the heavy rain the river flooded quickly causing the chariots to be stuck in the mud and drowning many soldiers. Alternate translation: “The Kishon River flooded and swept away Sisera’s soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
357	5:21	h8ac		See how you translated this in Judges 4:6.
358	5:21	je12	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “soul” refers to the whole person. The word “my” refers to Deborah. Alternate translation: “I tell myself to march on and to be strong” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
359	5:22	wx9v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This describes the sound of many horses running away from the battle. Alternate translation: “Then I heard the sound of horses running away. Sisera’s mighty horses were running away” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
360	5:22	n754		runninb quickly
361	5:23	gg5n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Meroz” represents the people who lived there. Alternate translation: “Curse the people of Meroz” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
362	5:23	cdl6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
363	5:24	n5q6		See how you translated this name in Judges 4:18.
364	5:24	r37w		See how you translated this name in Judges 4:11.
365	5:24	jve5		Translate the name of this people group as you did in Judges 1:16.
366	5:25	a4wl		Here “butter” refers to curdled milk. This was the best milk and a favorite drink among Jael’s people. Alternate translation: “brought him yogurt” or “brought him curds”
367	5:25	viu5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This phrase means the dish was of the best quality because princes were given the best things. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
368	5:26	k8d2		“Jael grabbed the tent peg with her left hand”
369	5:26	iyf8		This is a pointed piece of wood or metal, like a large nail, that is hammered into the ground to hold down a corner of a tent. See how you translated this in Judges 4:21.
370	5:26	c1yp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	This can be stated as a complete sentence. Alternate translation: “she grabbed a hammer with her right hand” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
371	5:26	va7c		This is a heavy tool made of wood used to hit a tent peg into the ground. See how you translated this in Judges 4:21.
372	5:26	hkm3		See how you translated this man’s name in Judges 4:2.
373	5:27	e9gf		without strength or movement
374	5:27	ezv3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “she killed him” or “he died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
375	5:28	duq1		This is a frame in the window made of crossed wood.
376	5:28	mw4d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Both of these questions mean the same thing. These two statements can be combined. Alternate translation: “Why is it taking Sisera so long to arrive home” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
377	5:28	k2dy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Both of these represent Sisera. Alternate translation: “taken Sisera … Why has he” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
378	5:29	xa2n		A “princess” is the daughter of a king, but a “princess” can also mean female advisers to the king’s family. Alternate translation: “wisest ladies”
379	5:29	mw32		“she said to herself the same thing”
380	5:30	l98i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The women use a question to emphasize that they believe this is what certainly happened. Alternate translation: “They must have so much plunder that it is taking a long time to divide it. They have … plunder.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
381	5:30	cw6v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The women use a question to emphasize that they believe this is what certainly happened. Alternate translation: “There must be a womb, two wombs for every man … of those who plunder.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
382	5:30	xgr7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “womb” represents a woman. Sisera’s mother believes Sisera’s men have captured many women. Alternate translation: “Each soldier will receive a woman or two” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
383	5:30	p9nz		“colored cloth” or “colored clothes”
384	5:30	zp9h		having designs made of colored threads
385	5:30	yg2c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “necks” represents Sisera’s soldiers. Alternate translation: “for the soldiers who plunder to wear” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
386	5:31	bi4x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	The people of Israel wish to be like the sun that rises because no nation’s army is powerful enough to stop the sunrise. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
387	5:31	q1yt	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “the land” represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “and the people of Israel lived peacefully” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
388	5:31	mw3u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“for 40 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
389	6:intro	p5sj		Judges 06 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter begins a section about Gideon. (Chapters 6-8) Special concepts in this chapter Israel’s punishment In Judges, Israel’s actions are connected to their obedience to Yahweh. When Israel does evil, they are oppressed. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]])
390	6:1	ht3z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in Judges 2:11. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
391	6:1	l9nl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. Also, “hand” represents control. Alternate translation: “the control of the people of Midian” or “the control of the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
392	6:2	bs4z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “the power of Midian” refers to the people of Midian. Alternate translation: “The people of Midian were more powerful than the people of Israel and they oppressed them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
393	6:2	pl5z		places in the rocky cliffs that would provide shelter
394	6:4	zcp1		“The army would encamp” or “The army would set up their tents”
395	6:5	i2ld		The land of Midian was south of the land of Israel, near the Red Sea. It was common to use the phrase “came up” when speaking of traveling from Midian to Israel. Alternate translation: “Whenever the Midianites brought their livestock and tents to the land of Israel”
396	6:5	e5sl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	The Midianites are compared to a swarm of locusts because they came in with a great number of people and their livestock ate everything that grew. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
397	6:5	ra2i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	This is an exaggeration, a hyperbole, showing the number is very great. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
398	6:6	eg3l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
399	6:6	lcc3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “prayed to Yahweh for help” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
400	6:7	z7sa	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “prayed to Yahweh for help” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
401	6:7	r2ej	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. Alternate translation: “because of the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
402	6:8	q22q		“I led you out of Egypt”
403	6:8	h336	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Moses speaks of Egypt as if it were a house where people keep slaves. Alternate translation: “the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
404	6:9	ue1t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	In this phrase “hand” represents power or control. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
405	6:10	ne4s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “my voice” represents what Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: “obeyed my command” or “obeyed me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
406	6:11	sex8		This word is used here to mark a break in the story line. Here the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story.
407	6:11	r6sg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
408	6:11	iz4d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is a people group named after their ancestor Abiezer. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
409	6:11	y3ww		This is a process called “threshing.” Gideon was beating the wheat against the floor to separate the wheat grain from the rest of the wheat plant.
410	6:12	fe5w		“went to him”
411	6:13	as35		Gideon uses the word “master” as a polite way to greet a stranger. He does not realize he is speaking to Yahweh in the form of an angel or a man.
412	6:13	in9x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Gideon uses a question to challenge the stranger’s statement that Yahweh was with him. Also, the direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “We have not seen any wonderful deeds like the ones our fathers told us about when Yahweh brought them up from Egypt.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
413	6:13	e2k9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “gave us into” means Yahweh allowed the Israelites to be defeated. Alternate translation: “allowed the Midianites to defeat us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
414	6:13	vi7e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” represents power or control. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
415	6:13	buc4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. Alternate translation: “of the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
416	6:14	n2w1		“Yahweh looked at Gideon”
417	6:14	kx2t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” represents power or control. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
418	6:14	wuu9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. Alternate translation: “of the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
419	6:14	zs9h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Yahweh uses a question to ensure Gideon that he is sending him. Here “sent” means Yahweh has appointed Gideon with a specific task. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, am sending you!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
420	6:15	w5e8		Gideon now calls the person “Lord” instead of “my master” as in Judges 6:13. Here it seems Gideon either knows or suspects that he is speaking with Yahweh.
421	6:15	wn75	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Gideon uses a question to emphasize that he does not think he can rescue the Israelites. Alternate translation: “I cannot possibly rescue the Israelites!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
422	6:15	gpv8		“Look at my family and me and you will see that it”
423	6:15	gp6c		“in the tribe of Manasseh”
424	6:15	tw55	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “house” represents a family. Alternate translation: “in my father’s family” or “in my family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
425	6:16	p1xa	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here “be with you” is an idiom that means Yahweh will help and bless Gideon. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
426	6:16	fhe8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	You can state the full meaning explicitly. Alternate translation: “as easily as if you were fighting only one man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
427	6:18	ngy5		“place it in front of you”
428	6:19	kmz6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume	If it is necessary to use a modern measurement; here is one way of doing it. Alternate translation: “with 22 liters of flour” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
429	6:19	c4pf		water that has had food, such as meat, cooked in it
430	6:19	r55k		“them to the angel of God”
431	6:20	u9cs		This is the same as the angel of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “God, who was in the form of an angel” or “God”
432	6:21	ggc2		In 6:11-24 Yahweh appears to Gideon in the form of an angel. See how you translated this in Judges 6:11.
433	6:21	x8t9		“disappeared”
434	6:22	x6iw		In 6:11-24 Yahweh appears to Gideon in the form of an angel. See how you translated this in Judges 6:11.
435	6:22	l2pp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations	The word “Ah” here shows that Gideon was very frightened. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
436	6:22	c1kt	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This phrase refers to two people being close to each other. Alternate translation: “really seen the angel of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
437	6:23	b3ha	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Apparently Yahweh spoke to Gideon from heaven. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
438	6:24	s81y		This means to the time when the book of Judges was written.
439	6:24	y4ya		Translate the name of this town as you did in Judges 6:11.
440	6:24	w4kn		Translate the name of this people group as you did in Judges 6:11.
441	6:25	h71y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal	The word “second” is the ordinal number for “two.” Alternate translation: “another bull” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
442	6:25	n1rh		“that is beside the altar of Baal”
443	6:26	tj4p		The city of Ophrah was on top of a hill. Israelites fled there for refuge from the Midianites.
444	6:26	gvr9		“place the stones in an orderly manner” or “and build it properly”
445	6:27	xp8k		This refers to Yahweh’s command in Judges 6:25-26.
446	6:28	mii1		“got up out of bed” or “woke up”
447	6:28	i5zb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they noticed that someone had broken down the altar of Baal, cut down the Asherah that was beside it, and built an altar and sacrificed the second bull on it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
448	6:30	r7h5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we may kill him as punishment” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
449	6:31	jw4v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Joash uses a question to emphasize that a human should not have to defend a god. Alternate translation: “You should not have to defend Baal.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
450	6:31	xk3a		“make a defense” or “give an excuse”
451	6:31	n471	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Joash uses a question to emphasize that a human should not have to rescue a god. Alternate translation: “You should not have to save Baal.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
452	6:32	j4wk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is another name for Gideon. It means “let Baal defend himself.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
453	6:32	q44c		“because Joash said”
454	6:33	ual5		This word is used here to mark a break in the story line. Here the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story.
455	6:33	eu5d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “gathered together as an army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
456	6:34	d9eb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “took control of Gideon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
457	6:34	sz1y		Translate the name of this people group as you did in Judges 6:11.
458	6:34	zxl8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	The words “to battle” are understood. Alternate translation: “so they might follow him to battle” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
459	6:35	sy9t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “calling them out to follow him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
460	6:35	qb25	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	These all represent the people of each tribe. Alternate translation: “to the tribes of Asher, Zebulun, and Naphtali” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
461	6:37	uf1b		the woolly coat of a sheep
462	6:37	qz5z		water that forms on plants during the night
463	6:37	s8ri	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “this will be a sign from you, and then I will know that you will” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
464	6:38	cs87		“Gideon got out of bed”
465	6:38	ub6l		twist and squeeze something to remove water
466	7:intro	q545		Judges 07 General Notes Structure and formatting The account of Gideon continues in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter God gets all of the credit God said, “There are too many soldiers for me to give you victory over the Midianites. Make sure that Israel will not boast against me, saying, ‘Our own power has saved us.’” By lowering the number of fighting soldiers, it emphasizes that the victory is achieved through God’s power. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]])
467	7:1	u963		This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated his name in Judges 6:32.
468	7:1	se4n		“they set up their camp”
469	7:1	q9lu	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
470	7:1	w8xb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Midian” represents the Midianite army. Alternate translation: “The Midianite army set up their camp to the north of the Israelite army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
471	7:2	ja78	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The word “victory” is an abstract noun that can be translated as a verb or an adjective. Alternate translation: “for me to allow you to defeat the Midianites” or “for me to cause you to be victorious over the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
472	7:2	ww36	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “power” represents the people themselves. Alternate translation: “We have saved ourselves without God’s help” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
473	7:3	i31q		This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.
474	7:3	ahw6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “the ears” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “proclaim to the people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
475	7:3	gt6x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Both of these phrases have the same meaning. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
476	7:3	h7mv		This word describes fear that causes a person to uncontrollably shake. Alternate translation: “shakes with fear”
477	7:3	m53a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	You can make explicit where he will go. Alternate translation: “let him return to his home” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
478	7:3	iup9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a mountain in the region of Gilead. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
479	7:3	s1sd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“22,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
480	7:3	wn6f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	The word “people” or “men” is understood. Alternate translation: “10,000 people remained” or “10,000 men remained” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
481	7:3	z1zr	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“10,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
482	7:4	t9yd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “number” represents the army. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “there, I will show you who to send home so the army will have less men” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
483	7:5	iem1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go	The word “brought” can be translated as “took” or “led.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
484	7:5	w69s		to drink by licking with the tongue
485	7:6	ae7k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“300 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
486	7:7	e8uv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“300 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
487	7:7	gk97	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	Here “you” is plural and refers to Gideon and the Israelites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
488	7:8	j7gy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So those whom Yahweh chose” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
489	7:8	u2nh		Here “their” refers to the Israelite soldiers who were leaving the army.
490	7:8	cx8b		This word is used here to mark a break in the story line. Here the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story.
491	7:9	u84q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “camp” refers to the whole Midianite army. The word “victory” is an abstract noun that can be translated as a verb or an adjective. Alternate translation: “Attack the Midianites at their camp, for I am going to help you defeat them” or “Attack the Midianites at their camp, for I am going to cause you to be victorious over them” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
492	7:10	xqh7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “afraid to go down to attack” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
493	7:10	u4w3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
494	7:11	j99j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “what you hear will be encourage you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
495	7:11	wv5r		places around the edge of an area where soldiers stand to watch for an enemy army
496	7:12	r5ww	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Here “cloud” means a swarm. The author speaks of the army as if it were a swarm of locusts to emphasize how many soldiers there were. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
497	7:12	zt6s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	The author uses a hyperbole, an exaggeration, to emphasize that there were very many camels. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
498	7:12	d37k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Their camels were more than anyone could count” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
499	7:14	yg52	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “the sword of Gideon” refers to Gideon’s army attacking. Alternate translation: “The loaf of barley bread in your dream must be the army of Gideon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
500	7:14	v4e2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture	This future event is spoken of as if it were a past event. This emphasizes that it will certainly happen. Alternate translation: “God will certainly help the Israelites defeat the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
501	7:16	xjf2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“300 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
502	7:18	rj9w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The words “we fight” are implied. Alternate translation: “We fight for Yahweh and for Gideon!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
503	7:19	cxa7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“100 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
504	7:19	wba7		The beginning of the middle watch would be around 10 o’clock at night.
505	7:20	zfw1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “sword” refers to their fighting. Alternate translation: “We fight for Yahweh and for Gideon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
506	7:22	nw1r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“300 trumpets” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
507	7:22	nk36	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “sword” refers to their attack with the use of the sword. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused every Midianite man to fight against his fellow soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
508	7:22	rv5b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are the names of towns and cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
509	7:23	u5e9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Gideon called out the Israelites from the tribes of Naphtali, Asher, and all Mannasseh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
510	7:24	js9y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
511	7:24	u7ze		“took control of the area of the Jordan River as far south as Beth Barah”
512	7:25	hn84	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The places were given these names after the Israelites killed Oreb and Zeeb there. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
513	7:25	rvj8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
514	8:intro	zh95		Judges 08 General Notes Structure and formatting The account of Gideon concludes in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Succoth’s refusal to help Gideon The men of Succoth feared the Midianites more than Gideon. This is why they refused to help Gideon. By allying themselves with the Midianites, they aligned themselves against Yahweh. Because of this, Gideon treated them like he treated the Midianites. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Gideon refuses to be king Gideon said to them, “I will not rule over you, neither will my son rule over you. Yahweh will rule over you.” Although the book of Deuteronomy anticipates a king in Israel, it was sinful for Israel to desire to have a king. He did though take a share of everyone’s plunder as a king would have done through taxes. This may serve as a warning to Israel about their desire to have a king. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
515	8:1	sea3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The people of the tribe of Ephraim were rebuking Gideon with this rhetorical question for not including them in his army. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have not treated us fairly.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
516	8:1	f8fy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Midian” represents the Midianite army. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
517	8:1	whc1		they argued angrily with him” or “they rebuked him severely”
518	8:2	xg1a		Gideon replies to the men from Ephraim.
519	8:2	wpi2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Gideon uses this question to honor the people of Ephraim. Alternate translation: “I have done very little compared with what you have done!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
520	8:2	xg8b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Gideon was calming the people of Ephraim with this rhetorical question. Alternate translation: “Certainly the grapes you people of Ephraim gleaned are better than what we the descendants of Abiezer gathered from the whole harvest!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
521	8:2	i6yr	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Gideon and his army defeating the Medianites is spoken of as if it were a grape harvest. The people of Ephraim killing Oreb and Zeeb at the end of the battle is spoken of as if they were gleaning grapes at the end of the harvest. Alternate translation: “What you people of Ephraim did at the end of the battle is more important than what we descendants of Abiezer did at the beginning.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
522	8:2	rr59	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	This is the name of one of Gideon’s ancestors. Gideon used his name to refer to Abiezer’s descendants and their land. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
523	8:3	x1xa		See how you translated these names in Judges 7:25.
524	8:3	bi55	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Gideon uses this question to honor the people of Ephraim. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “What you have done is more important than what I have done.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
525	8:3	riv2		“became less”
526	8:4	f6yp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“the 300 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
527	8:4	s9yv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The word “pursuit,” an abstract noun, can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “continued to chase their enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
528	8:5	zt2q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
529	8:6	l71p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The leaders use a question to emphasize that the Israelites have not yet captured Zebah and Zalumnna. Alternate translation: “You have not captured Zebah and Zalmunna yet.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
530	8:6	aw3g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “hands” refer to the whole body. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
531	8:6	bn4x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” represents power or control. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
532	8:6	k3em	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The leaders use a question to emphasize that they have no reason to give bread to the Israelites. Alternate translation: “We see no reason to give bread to your army.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
533	8:7	gwp6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “I will make whips out of desert thorns and briers and use them to beat you and cut you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
534	8:7	j77m		sharp, pointed pieces on vines or tree limbs that stick out and can cut people and animals
535	8:8	bi3x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “He” refers to Gideon. Gideon represents himself and the soldiers following him. Alternate translation: “They left there” or “Gideon and his 300 men left there” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
536	8:8	ikw7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	The name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
537	8:8	ak91	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “asked for food there in the same way” or “he also asked them for food” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
538	8:9	y4qf	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	This is a polite way of referring to the defeat of his enemies. Alternate translation: “After I have completely defeated the Midian army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
539	8:9	nth4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “I” refers to Gideon and represents himself and his men. Alternate translation: “My men and I will pull down this tower” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
540	8:10	nfu6		This word is used here to mark a break in the story line. Here the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story.
541	8:10	tli8		See how you translated these names in Judges 8:5.
542	8:10	vw38	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
543	8:10	bh2j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“15,000 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
544	8:10	p2iw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	This is a polite way of referring to people who died in battle. Alternate translation: “had been killed” or “had died in battle” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
545	8:10	j3dk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“one hundred thousand men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
546	8:10	mz6t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here drawing the sword represents using the sword in battle. Possible meanings are (1) this phrase refers to soldiers who use swords in battle. Alternate translation: “swordsmen” or “men who fought with swords” or (2) this phrase refers to any soldiers. Alternate translation: “soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
547	8:11	t81p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “Gideon” represents himself and all of his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Gideon and his soldiers went up” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
548	8:11	y551	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “He” refers to Gideon and represents himself and all of his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Gideon and his soldiers defeated” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
549	8:11	jbu9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
550	8:12	dmu9		See how you translated these names in Judges 8:5.
551	8:12	if5y		extreme fear or worry that makes someone unable to think or act normally
552	8:13	w2l7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a road that passes between two mountains. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
553	8:14	a6z2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It can be stated explicitly what Gideon asked the young man. Alternate translation: “he asked him to identify all the names of the leaders in the town” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
554	8:14	l2rr	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“77 officials” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
555	8:15	buj3		See how you translated these names in Judges 8:5.
556	8:15	bnf8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Gideon quotes the people of Succoth as using a question to mock him. Alternate translation: “You have not yet conquered Zebah and Zalmunna.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
557	8:16	ct8g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “Gideon” represents himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Gideon and his soldiers took … they punished” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
558	8:16	vr3e		These are sharp, pointed pieces on vines or tree limbs that stick out and can cut people and animals. See how you translated this in Judges 8:7.
559	8:17	dbh6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Gideon and his soldiers pulled. Alternate translation: “Gideon and his soldiers pulled” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
560	8:17	jg81		Translate the name of this city as you did in Judges 8:8.
561	8:18	lav2		See how you translated these names in Judges 8:5.
562	8:18	gw8k		Translate the name of this city as you did in Judges 4:6.
563	8:18	q1pd		“They were just like you”
564	8:19	jb1y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This idiom is a religious oath used for emphasis that what he is about to say is true. Alternate translation: “I promise you that” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
565	8:20	xg9f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of Gideon’s son. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
566	8:21	p21p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “It is a job for a man to do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
567	8:21	lzn1		This is a curved shape with two points. This shape occurs when the moon is mostly covered in shadow.
568	8:21	eu98		decorations
569	8:22	n3hy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” represents the power of Midian over Israel. Alternate translation: “from the power of Midian” or “from Midian” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
570	8:22	zz2f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. Alternate translation: “of the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
571	8:24	va81		“Gideon said to the men of Israel”
572	8:24	qb9s		jewelry worn on the ear
573	8:24	e5zj		things stolen by force or taken off of people killed in war
574	8:24	c2b3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	Here the narrator tells background information about the Midianites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
575	8:25	ark2		clothing made from a large piece of fabric and worn over the shoulders as a coat
576	8:26	z8qb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“one thousand seven hundred shekels of gold.” If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: “18.7 kilograms of gold” or “about 20 kilograms of gold” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
577	8:26	w5mz		See how you translated this in Judges 8:21.
578	8:26	rc47		pieces of jewelry that hang at the end of the chains or cords of necklaces
579	8:26	z7ld	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the kings of Midian wore” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
580	8:27	awh9		“Gideon used the gold from the earrings to make an ephod”
581	8:27	tir6		Translate the name of this city as you did in Judges 6:11.
582	8:27	tyw2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of worshiping a false god as if it were prostitution. Alternate translation: “the Israelites sinned against Yahweh by worshiping the ephod there” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
583	8:27	j6ye	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	Here “all” is an exaggeration to emphasize that very many worshiped the garment. Alternate translation: “very many people in Israel worshiped the garment” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
584	8:27	bbx3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of Gideon and his family being tempted to worship the ephod as if the ephod were a hunter’s snare that would trap them. Alternate translation: “It became a temptation for Gideon and his family” or “Gideon and his family sinned by worshiping it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
585	8:27	i29y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “his house” represents Gideon’s family. Alternate translation: “for his family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
586	8:28	wui8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So Yahweh subdued the Midianites before the people of Israel” or “So Yahweh helped the Israelites defeat the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
587	8:28	u2ar	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “they did not attack Israel again” (See:[[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
588	8:28	un4l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “land” represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “So the Israelites lived peacefully” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
589	8:28	mw8q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“40 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
590	8:28	z3zj		“during the life of Gideon”
591	8:29	z3sb		This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated his name in Judges 6:32.
592	8:30	m14n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“70 sons” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
593	8:32	i3jl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “when he was very old” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
594	8:32	w8yg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they buried him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
595	8:32	aen4		Translate the name of this city as you did in Judges 6:11.
596	8:32	pc1f		Translate the name of this people group as you did in Judges 6:11.
597	8:33	be44		This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
598	8:33	l1r2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The people rejecting Yahweh is spoken of as if they physically turned away from him. Alternate translation: “they stopped worshiping Yahwheh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
599	8:33	gh13	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of worshiping false gods as if it were prostitution. Alternate translation: “they sinned against Yahweh by worshiping the Baals” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
600	8:33	ce8s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a false god. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
601	8:34	k1h5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” represents power or control. Alternate translation: “from the power of all their enemies” or “from all their enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
602	8:34	lqk5		“who surrounded them”
603	8:35	svf8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “the house of” represents a person’s family. Alternate translation: “the family of Jerub Baal” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
604	8:35	w3k3		This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in Judges 6:32.
605	9:intro	zl19		Judges 09 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Jotham’s curse Gideon’s son, Abimelech, killed all of his brothers except Jotham in order to become king of Shechem. Jotham cursed Abimelech for having murdered Gideon’s other sons. “Let fire come out from Abimelech and burn up the men of Shechem and the house of Millo. Let fire come out from the men of Shechem and Beth Millo, to burn up Abimelech.” (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]) =##### Important figures of speech in this chapter Tree metaphor This chapter contains an extended metaphor about trees. This metaphor functions as a parable instructing Israel about their sinful desire to have a king. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
606	9:1	cb58		This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in Judges 6:32.
607	9:2	gfl5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes	This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Please ask the leaders of Shechem if they would rather have all seventy sons of Jerub Baal rule over them, or if they would rather have just one of his sons rule over them.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
608	9:2	lpf2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“70” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
609	9:2	e38y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “your bone and your flesh” represents being someone’s relative. Alternate translation: “I am a member of your family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
610	9:3	ie29		This means that the relatives of the mother of Abimelech spoke to the leaders, suggesting that they make Abimelech their king.
611	9:3	ubh9		“they agreed to let Abimelech be their leader”
612	9:4	yf44	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “house” represents a temple. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
613	9:4	yf3w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney	This means seventy shekels of silver. A shekel weighs 11 grams. If it is necessary to translate this with modern measurements, you can translate it like this. Alternate translation: “almost one kilo of silver” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
614	9:4	v8x5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“70” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
615	9:4	g7i4		This is the name of a false god. See how you translated it in Judges 8:33.
616	9:4	mi77		“violent and foolish”
617	9:5	c56j		Translate the name of this city as you did in Judges 6:11.
618	9:5	jer7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“1 stone” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
619	9:5	gnp3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“70” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
620	9:5	ilv2		This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in Judges 6:32.
621	9:6	up6d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
622	9:7	d3ws	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables	Jotham begins telling a parable in which the trees try to find someone to rule them. The trees represent the Israelites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
623	9:7	ksz5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When Jotham heard that Abimelech had murdered his brothers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
624	9:7	z9vx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is a mountain. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
625	9:8	p19p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables	In this parable Jotham describes the trees doing things that humans do. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
626	9:8	x1ky	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	Here, to anoint with oil is a symbolic action that represents appointing a person to be king. Alternate translation: “to appoint a king to rule over all of them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
627	9:8	ai6t		“Be our king”
628	9:9	ns1k		Jotham continues telling the parable he begins in Judges 9:7, where the trees represent the Israelites.
629	9:9	q6h3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The olive tree is asking this question to refuse to be king. This question can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “I will not give up my abundance … over the other trees.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
630	9:9	v5cc	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	This word for “wealth” is a metonym for the olives that come from the tree. People ate olives as food and crushed them to make oil for lamps. Alternate translation: “oil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
631	9:9	b42t		This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “by which people honor both gods and other men”
632	9:9	ctc8		It is possible to translate the same Hebrew word as “god,” “God,” or “gods,” so possible meanings here are (1) “gods” or (2) “God.”
633	9:9	a9cy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	To sway is to move back and forth. Trees sway when the wind blows them. Here this is a metaphor for ruling over people. Jotham is also using irony, saying that the work of any ruler will be useless because the “trees,” the people, will not obey anyone who rules them. Alternate translation: “rule over” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
634	9:11	df3r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables	Jotham continues describing the trees as doing things that humans do. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
635	9:11	bi3f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The fig tree is asking this question to refuse to be king. This question can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “I will not give up my sweetness … over the other trees.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
636	9:11	jkz5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The word “sweetness” is an abstract noun. It can be stated as an adjective that describes the fruit that grows on the tree. Alternate translation: “my good sweet fruit” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
637	9:12	akj6		Jotham continues telling the parable he begins in Judges 9:7, where the trees represent the Israelites.
638	9:12	m2h3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables	In this parable, Jotham describes the trees and the vine as doing things that humans do. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
639	9:13	i2y3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The vine is asking this question to refuse to be king. This question can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “I will not give up my new wine … over the other trees.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
640	9:14	mp3a		Thorns are sharp spikes or spurs that hurt. This bush has many sharp spikes along its branches.
641	9:15	ne2j		Jotham continues telling his parable, where trees represent various people groups, and makes the application.
642	9:15	g1p2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables	In this parable, Jotham describes the thornbush and the trees as doing things that humans do. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
643	9:15	zea8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	To anoint someone with oil is a symbolic action that appoints a person to be king. Alternate translation: “to appoint me as your king” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
644	9:15	cm8a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The word “safety” is an abstract noun that can be expressed as an adjective. Alternate translation: “be safe” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
645	9:15	hvs5		This means to let the thornbush burn so that it will burn the cedars.
646	9:15	xn44	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person	The thornbush refers to itself as “the thornbush.” Alternate translation: “then may fire come out from me, the thornbush” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
647	9:16	ayq2		This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.
648	9:16	y7g3		This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in Judges 6:32.
649	9:16	nu7n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “house” represents Gideon’s family. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
650	9:17	x8ae		Jotham makes the application to the situation at that time and place.
651	9:17	fpm7		Here Jotham is expressing that he cannot believe how badly the people of Shechem have treated Gideon and his family even after Gideon fought to save the people of Shechem.
652	9:17	kqc3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” represents power or control. Alternate translation: “from the power of the Midianites” or “from the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
653	9:18	cr5w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you have opposed” or “you have rebelled against” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
654	9:18	i5zw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “house” represents family. Alternate translation: “my father’s family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
655	9:18	yy47	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“70” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
656	9:18	ym97	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“1 stone” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
657	9:18	c154		Here “his” refers to Gideon.
658	9:19	cwl5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Jotham offered the possibility that what they did was good, but Jotham does not actually believe what they did was good. Alternate translation: “If you treated Jerub Baal and his family as they deserved to be treated” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
659	9:19	re1x		This is another name for Gideon. It means “let Baal defend himself.” See how you translated this in Judges 6:32.
660	9:19	r5ce	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “house” refers to family. Alternate translation: “his family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
661	9:20	rv9v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	Jotham offered the opposite possibility that what they did was evil and applied a curse. Jotham does believe what they did was evil. Alternate translation: “But if you treated Jerub Baal and his family as they did not deserve to be treated” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
662	9:20	g8i6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Jotham is speaking a curse. He speaks of Abimelech destroying the people of Shechem as if he would burn them with fire. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
663	9:20	ibq3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Jotham is speaking a curse. He speaks of the people of Shechem and Beth Millo destroying Abimelech as if they would burn him with fire. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
664	9:20	iey1		This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in Judges 9:6.
665	9:21	pan4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
666	9:23	bv9r		This means that God applied the curse Jotham made by sending an evil spirit to cause trouble and animosity between Abimelech and the leaders of Shechem.
667	9:24	xf1e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	The passive phrases can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God did this to avenge the seventy sons whom Abimelech their brother murdered and the men of Shechem helped murder” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
668	9:24	cb41	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“70” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
669	9:24	b1g1		This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in Judges 6:32.
670	9:25	b7tx		“sent men to hide on the hilltops and wait to attack Abimelech”
671	9:25	pd3x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone told Abimelech about the men waiting to attack him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
672	9:26	r2ue	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
673	9:26	mv9b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The word “confidence” is an abstract noun that can be stated with the verb “trust.” Alternate translation: “trusted him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
674	9:27	i6sf		Here “They” refers to Gaal and his relatives and the men of Shechem.
675	9:27	r8w9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	They did this to squeeze out the grape juice to make wine with it. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
676	9:27	c3x3		“crushed” or “stomped”
677	9:27	d9l2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “house” represents a temple. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
678	9:28	yyy5		See how you translated these names in Judges 9:26.
679	9:28	w9hj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Gaal uses a question to emphasize that the people of Shechem should not serve Abimelech. Alternate translation: “We should not serve Abimelech!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
680	9:28	dfp7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Both of these questions means the same thing. Gaal refers to Abimelech as “Shechem” because Abimelech’s mother was from Shechem. Alternate translation: “We should not serve Abimelech, that is, Shechem!” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
681	9:28	a6ws	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Gaal uses a question to emphasize that the people of Shechem should not serve Abimelech. Alternate translation: “He is just the son of Jerub Baal, and Zebul is just his officer.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
682	9:28	p2s8		This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in Judges 6:32.
683	9:28	b36z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
684	9:28	rq5n		Gaal means the people of Shechem should serve those who descended from Hamor, that is, those who are truly Canaanites, and not serve someone whose father was an Israelite.
685	9:28	ju72	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Gaal uses a question to emphasize that the people of Shechem should not serve Abimelech. Alternate translation: “We should not serve Abimelech!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
686	9:29	v1e2		“I wish that I ruled the people of Shechem”
687	9:30	qj5l		See how you translated this name in Judges 9:28.
688	9:30	a53k		“heard what Gaal son of Ebed said”
689	9:30	p2rs		See how you translated these names in Judges 9:26.
690	9:30	u13b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Becoming angry is spoken of as if a fire were starting. Alternate translation: “he became very angry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
691	9:30	lx8u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “city” represents the people of the city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
692	9:31	u898		Zebul is deceiving Gaal and the people of Shechem. Alternate translation: “secretly”
693	9:31	gvg1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of the people of the city becoming upset as if they were liquid in a pot moving around. Alternate translation: “they are persuading the people of the city to rebel against you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
694	9:32	yn4z		Zebul’s messengers continue talking to Abimelech.
695	9:32	j18v		This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.
696	9:32	mrh8		“to hide and attack them suddenly”
697	9:33	k1f3		This means that they can do what they want to destroy the followers of Gaal.
698	9:34	be8t		“all the men accompanying Abimelech” or “all the men fighting for Abimelech”
699	9:34	b14p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“separating into 4 groups” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
700	9:35	q22c		See how you translated these names in Judges 9:26.
701	9:36	v8bb		This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Judges 9:26.
702	9:36	vu4i		This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Judges 9:28.
703	9:36	gz9v		Zebul is trying to confuse Gaal and keep him from preparing for battle. Alternate translation: “That is not people, it is only shadows on the hills”
704	9:37	kmf8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“1 group” or “1 troop” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
705	9:38	tqh1		See how you translated this name in Judges 9:28.
706	9:38	qap7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Zebul is scolding Gaal with this rhetorical question. Alternate translation: “You are not speaking proudly now, you” or “You are not proud now, you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
707	9:38	fub2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Zebul is quoting Gaal’s boast back to Gaal. This can be translated as a statement and as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “you who said that we should not serve Abimelech.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
708	9:38	qdj1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Zebul is challenging Gaal with this rhetorical question. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Here are the men that you despised.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
709	9:38	u392		strongly disliked or hated
710	9:39	h55i		See how you translated this name in Judges 9:26.
711	9:40	p7lv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “And many men died of wounds” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
712	9:41	y21z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
713	9:41	q5ep		This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Judges 9:28.
714	9:41	f6ud		This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Judges 9:26.
715	9:42	em2h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone reported this to Abimelech” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
716	9:43	rm73	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“separated them into 3 groups” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
717	9:43	e8ph		“they hid in the fields to attack the people by surprise”
718	9:43	l12e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “he” refers to Abimelech who represents himself and all of his soldiers. Alternate translation: “they attacked” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
719	9:44	h6g9		“the groups of soldiers”
720	9:44	a246	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“other 2” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
721	9:45	e7uy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “Abimelech” represents himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Abimelech and his soldiers fought … They tore down” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
722	9:45	ch7p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “city” represents the people. Alternate translation: “against the people of Shechem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
723	9:45	zi77		“demolished”
724	9:45	t928	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	“spread salt over the land.” Spreading salt over land keeps anything from growing there. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
725	9:46	lty1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here this represents a temple. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
726	9:46	kw6q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	The word “El” means “god.” This is the same false god as “Baal-Berith” in Judges 8:33. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
727	9:47	hnv1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone told Abimelech” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
728	9:48	h1s8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
729	9:49	thc7		This means to stack the branches into a large heap.
730	9:49	f9xs	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“about 1,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
731	9:50	jh8f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
732	9:50	nyj8		“camped outside the city of Thebez”
733	9:52	jgq2		“attacked it”
734	9:53	z9j6		Two large, flat, round stones were used to grind grain in a mill. An upper millstone was the top one that was rolled on the lower one to crush the grain in between them.
735	9:54	vm49		This is the man who carried the weapons of Abimelech.
736	9:54	is1h		This means the young man put the sword right through the body of Abimelech.
737	9:56	h9fb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“70” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
738	9:57	fx65	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	“Evil turn back on their heads” here is an idiom. Alternate translation: “punished the men of Shechem for all the evil they had done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
739	9:57	hua1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “the curse of Jotham son of Jerub Baal happened to them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
740	9:57	q7dp		This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this name in Judges 6:32.
741	10:intro	zqn2		Judges 10 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter begins the account of Jephthah (Judges 10-12). Special concepts in this chapter Israel’s punishment In Judges, Israel’s actions are connected to their obedience to Yahweh. When Israel does evil, they are oppressed. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]])
742	10:1	g7ww	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
743	10:1	ti4g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
744	10:1	lxh7		“came to deliver Israel” or “became the leader to deliver Israel”
745	10:1	i5f3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Israel” represents the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
746	10:2	m2fd		Here “judged” means he led the people of Israel.
747	10:2	m93u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“23 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
748	10:2	unp5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they buried him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
749	10:3	f3wi	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Jair the Gileadite was leader after Tola” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
750	10:3	m9uk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
751	10:3	j6fm		Jair was from the tribe of Gilead.
752	10:3	fmn8		Here “judged” means he led the people of Israel.
753	10:3	d5gs	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Israel” represents the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
754	10:3	ezp7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“22 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
755	10:4	i1hv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“30 sons” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
756	10:4	vb1y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a region, which is named after a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
757	10:4	h644		This means to the time when the book of Judges was being written.
758	10:5	t8ka	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they buried him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
759	10:5	s19j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
760	10:6	lj2d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of evil as if it were an object that a person could add to and make bigger. Alternate translation: “continued doing what Yahweh said was evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
761	10:6	ki1z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “according to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
762	10:6	p7j4		This is the plural of Ashtoroth, who was worshiped as a goddess in many different forms. See how you translated this in Judges 2:13.
763	10:6	r515	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The author basically said the same thing twice for emphasis. These can be combined. Alternate translation: “They completely stopped worshiping Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
764	10:6	p6q5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	No longer obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if the people left Yahweh and went somewhere else. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
765	10:7	zf61	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Yahweh becoming angry is spoken of as if anger were a burning fire. Alternate translation: “Yahweh was very angry at Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
766	10:7	f4v2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Yahweh allowing the Philistines and the Ammonites to defeat the Israelites is spoken of as if he sold the Israelites to them. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
767	10:7	aj5n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” represents power or control. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
768	10:8	psa9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	These two words basically mean the same and emphasize how much the Israelites suffered. Alternate translation: “terribly oppressed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
769	10:8	q2ml	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“18 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
770	10:8	msz6		This means on the east side of the Jordan River.
771	10:8	b5w4		“this region is also called Gilead”
772	10:9	wq6g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	“Judah” and “Benjamin” refer to the people belonging to those tribes. Alternate translation: “the people of the tribe of Judah … the people of the tribe of Benjamin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
773	10:9	nt9c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The “house” refers to the people of the tribe of Ephraim. Alternate translation: “the people of the tribe of Ephraim” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
774	10:9	gl3b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	“Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “so that the people of Israel suffered much” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
775	10:10	lda9		This means the people of Israel desperately asked Yahweh for help.
776	10:10	b8t5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The people no longer obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if they left Yahweh and went somewhere else. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
777	10:10	t38a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person	The people are speaking to Yahweh and refer to him as “our God.” This can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “abandoned you, our God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
778	10:12	lf73	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	God is rebuking the people of Israel for their worship of other gods. The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Did I not deliver you” in verse 11 ends here. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am the one who delivered you … and also from the Sidonians.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
779	10:12	w39a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are the people from the clan or family of Maon. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
780	10:12	e4ml	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “power” represents the Amalekites and the Maonites. Alternate translation: “from them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
781	10:13	p759	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The people no longer obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if they left Yahweh and went somewhere else. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
782	10:13	zdy2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “keep adding to the times” is an idiom that means to continue to do something. You can make explicit the implicit meaning of Yahweh’s saying. Alternate translation: “I will not keep on delivering you again and again” or “You can be sure that I will stop delivering you” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
783	10:16	i2l8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	You can make explicit the implicit meaning of this statement. Alternate translation: “foreign gods whose images they possessed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
784	10:16	m6hd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here Israel refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh did not want the people of Israel to suffer any longer” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
785	10:18	j3k2		“Who will lead our army to fight against the Ammonites?”
786	11:intro	q7si		Judges 11 General Notes Structure and formatting The account of Jephthah continues in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Jephthah the leader Jephthah was half Israelite and half Canaanite by birth. While all of the judges were called by Yahweh, it is the leaders who called Jephthah to help them, but Yahweh still used Jephthah to help them.
787	11:1	yk6s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is someone who is from the region of Gilead. It is a coincidence that his father’s name is also Gilead. See how you translated this in Judges 10:3. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
788	11:2	r35b		“When the sons of Gilead’s wife became adults”
789	11:3	aw1r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Tob is the name of a region. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
790	11:3	f5ze		“they followed him” or “they went everywhere together”
791	11:4	cn67		“Some time later”
792	11:4	s6ku	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “made war” is an idiom which means that they attacked Israel and were at war with them. Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “attacked the people of Israel” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
793	11:6	b37n		“so that we can fight against”
794	11:7	f7vj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “house” refers to people living in the house. Alternate translation: “my family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
795	11:8	ph3x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The word “that” refers to what Jephthah said about them being in trouble. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “We are turning to you now because we are in trouble” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
796	11:8	uem9		“fight against the people of Ammon”
797	11:11	hf4c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	These two words basically have the same meaning repeated to emphasize how important Jephthah had became. You can combine the two words. Alternate translation: “commander” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
798	11:11	v6uq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Here the phrase “before Yahwheh” means that he repeated his promises as a vow before Yahweh. Alternate translation: “When Jephthah was in Mizpah he repeated all of these promises as a vow before Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
799	11:11	w6mk		This refers to the promises he made to the leaders of Gilead about becoming their leader.
800	11:12	ybt9		“Why is there conflict between us?” Jephthah is asking the king why they are angry with Israel.
801	11:12	su7k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The word “you” refers to the King of Ammon and represents himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Why have your soldiers come to seize our land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
802	11:12	hwk4		“come to forcefully take”
803	11:13	qdz6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are the names of two rivers. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
804	11:13	ps71		“on the other side of the Jordan River”
805	11:13	tsw4		“peacefully” or “and do not try to defend them”
806	11:15	i4ns	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Here the word “he” refers to the messenger who was speaking to the king. This may be written with the word “they” as in the UST, referring to the group of messengers. Alternate translation: “Jephthah told the messengers to say” or “they said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
807	11:16	e7sj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Whenever people traveled to the promised land it is referred to as going “up” to the promised land. When the Israelites left Egypt they were on their way to the promised land. Alternate translation: “they left Egypt” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
808	11:17	je4p		Jephthah’s messengers continue to speak.
809	11:17	tn6f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The messengers were sent by the leaders of Israel. Alternate translation: “When the leaders of Israel sent messengers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
810	11:17	kl4c		“go through” or “cross”
811	11:17	v8aa	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This phrase is an idiom that means to “refuse.” Alternate translation: “refused” or “denied their request” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
812	11:17	q2mz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The reason that Israel sent messengers to the king of Moab can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “They also send messengers to the king of Moab with the same request” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
813	11:17	x2ue	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The king of Moab refused Israel’s request to pass through Moab. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “but he also refused and would not let them pass through the land of Moab” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
814	11:18	el82		This is the name of a river. See how you translated this in Judges 11:13.
815	11:19	msq6		Jephthah’s messengers continue to speak.
816	11:19	ur8x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The messengers were sent by the leaders of Israel. Alternate translation: “When the leaders of Israel sent messengers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
817	11:19	j2t5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
818	11:19	pyu6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
819	11:20	mn9x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
820	11:20	ew16	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Sihon did not trust the people of Israel to pass through his land peacefully. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “But Sihon did not trust the people of Israel to pass through his territory peacefully” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
821	11:20	d9ga	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The word “he” refers to Sihon and represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “there they fought” or “there his army fought” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
822	11:21	sf5x		Jephthah’s messengers continue to speak.
823	11:21	fsk6		See how you translated this man’s name in Judges 11:19.
824	11:21	vp7w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” refers to power to defeat in battle. Alternate translation: “gave Israel power over Sihon and all his people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
825	11:22	ce2e		See how you translated the names of these rivers in Judges 11:13.
826	11:23	v22e		Jephthah’s messengers continue to speak.
827	11:23	ru3n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with this rhetorical question. The word “their” refers to the Israel. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “therefore, you should not take possession of their land.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
828	11:24	nr59	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should only take over the land that Chemosh, your god, gives you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
829	11:24	bcm5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom which means to take control of something. Alternate translation: “take control of” or “take possession of” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
830	11:24	z3zh	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a false god. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
831	11:25	wln3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are not better than Balak son of Zippor, who was king of Moab.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
832	11:25	fk7m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
833	11:25	giw3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. This question can be translated with a statement. Alternate translation: “Yet he did not dare to have an argument with Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
834	11:25	k8y5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. This question can be translated with a statement. Alternate translation: “Nor did he ever wage war against them.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
835	11:26	pty2		Jephthah’s messengers continue to speak.
836	11:26	t5g4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“300 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
837	11:26	pu9w		Translate the name of this city the same way that you did in Judges 11:19.
838	11:26	c2xi	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
839	11:26	h61t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “you should have taken them back during that time.” or “now it is too late; you should have taken them back long ago.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
840	11:27	aei3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Jephthah is speaking to the Sihon. Here Jephthah speaks about the Israelites as though they were himself and of the Ammonites as if they were Sihon their king. Alternate translation: “The Israelites have not done wrong to your people, but your people are doing us wrong by attacking us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
841	11:27	n4fk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. To do someone wrong means to do something wrong to them. Alternate translation: “treated you wrongly … treating me wrongly” or “treated you unfairly … treating me unfairly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
842	11:29	p2lw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom which means that the Spirit influenced Jephthah’s decisions. Alternate translation: “the Spirit of Yahweh took control of Jephthah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
843	11:29	dq1c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Jephthah passed through these places enlisting men for his army to go to war with the people of Ammon. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “he gathered men for his army as he passed through Gilead and Manasseh … from Mizpah of Gilead” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
844	11:31	kh4e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom which means to give something as an offering. Alternate translation: “I will offer it to you” or “I will sacrifice it to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
845	11:32	wr1n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Since Jephthah was the leader of his army, he and his army are often spoken of as Jephthah himself. Alternate translation: “So Jephthah and his army passed through … Yahweh gave them victory” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
846	11:33	rt2j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Since Jephthah was the leader of his army, he and his army are often spoken of as Jephthah himself (verse 32). Alternate translation: “they attacked” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
847	11:33	dl1t		Translate the name of this city the same way you did in Judges 11:26.
848	11:33	pfq6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
849	11:33	i18j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“including 20 cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
850	11:34	ng9v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	musical instruments with heads like drums that can be hit and with pieces of metal around their sides that sound when the instruments are shaken (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
851	11:35	md3n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	This is an act that shows mourning or great sadness. Alternate translation: “he tore his clothes from grief” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
852	11:35	puu2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Jephthah said basically the same thing twice to emphasize that he was very sad” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
853	11:35	qi6c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here Jephthah speaks of his great sorrow as something that crushes him. Alternate translation: “You have caused me great sorrow” or “You have filled me with sorrow” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
854	11:35	dvs5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here Jephthah talks about his great distress and trouble as if it were pain. Alternate translation: “you have become someone who troubles me” or “you cause me great distress” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
855	11:35	gvy5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. To turn back on a promise means to not do what you have promised to do. Alternate translation: “I must do what I have promised” or “I cannot break my promise” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
856	11:36	e6gu	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Yahweh has taken vengence for him by defeating his enemies. The meaning of this can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “has taken vengeance for you against your enemies, the Ammonites, by defeating them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
857	11:37	hj6q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: “Keep this promise for me” or “Keep this promise concerning me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
858	11:37	dh7s		“weep because I am a virgin” or “cry because I will never be married”
859	11:39	n4my	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “had never had sexual relations with a man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
860	11:40	s739		This refers to someone from Gilead. See how you translated this in Judges 10:3.
861	12:intro	p8zn		Judges 12 General Notes Structure and formatting The account of Jephthah concludes in this chapter. Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Shibboleth This is a word in Hebrew. Its importance in this chapter is because of its sounds, not its meaning. The translator should not translate the meaning of this word, but should transliterate or transfer it into the target language by substituting letters that have the same sounds. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])
862	12:1	mp3k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	Here the abstract noun “call” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “The men of Ephraim were called together” or “The men … of Ephraim called together their soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
863	12:1	ubq3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
864	12:1	hh1l		or “traveled through … travel” or “journeyed through … journey”
865	12:1	lt7l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This idiom means to burn down a house with people inside it. Alternate translation: “We will burn your house down with you still in it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
866	12:2	fsb1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	Here the word “you” is plural and refers to the people of Ephraim. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
867	12:2	nxf4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Jephthah uses the word “me” to refer to himself and all the people of Gilead. Alternate translation: “do not rescue us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
868	12:3	s3v2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	The word “you” is plural and refers to the men of Ephraim. Jephthah is referring to the people of Gilead, including himself, when he says “me.” Alternate translation: “you did not rescue us” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
869	12:3	zev7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom which means to risk one’s life and to rely only on one’s own strength. Jephthah continues to refer to the people of Gilead as himself. Alternate translation: “We risked our lives, relying on our own strength” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
870	12:3	u5y7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Jephthah is referring to Yahweh giving the men of Gilead victory over the Ammonites. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave us victory over them” or “Yahweh allowed us to defeat them in battle” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
871	12:3	uje8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	The word “you” is plural and refers to the men of Ephraim. Jephthah is referring to the people of Gilead, including himself, when he says “me.” Alternate translation: “Why have you come to fight against us” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
872	12:3	nt4r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that they fought against the Ammonites as they passed through Ammon. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “fought against the people of Ammon as we passed through their region” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
873	12:4	by47	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	The word “he” refers to Jephthah and all the fighting men of Gilead. Alternate translation: “they fought against Ephraim” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
874	12:4	y6zx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	You can make the meaning of this insult explicit. Alternate translation: “You Gileadites do not really belong here. You are just people who came here to live” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
875	12:4	p9f2		people from Gilead
876	12:4	h3vl		“in the regions of Ephraim and Manasseh” or “in the land of Ephraim and Manasseh.” Here “Ephraim” and “Manasseh” refer to regions and are named after the tribes which live there.
877	12:5	dcy5		“to the land of Ephraim”
878	12:5	f8sh		“The Gileadites controlled” or “The Gileadites occupied”
879	12:5	yc1p		These are places where you can cross the river on foot because the water is shallow.
880	12:5	w1cc		person from the tribe of Ephraim
881	12:6	cee8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate	These words have no meaning. Copy these words into your language, and make sure that the beginning of the words, that is the letters “Sh” and “S” are translated differently. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])
882	12:6	uc7k		“make the sound of the word”
883	12:6	d82p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“42,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
884	12:6	c2bb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They killed forty-two thousand Ephraimites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
885	12:7	v8rv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Jephthah the Gileadite died and they buried him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
886	12:8	ha85	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a man from Bethlehem. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
887	12:9	d515	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here “give away … in marriage” is an idiom which means that he allowed his daughters to get married. Alternate translation: “He had thirty daughters and arranged a marriage for each of them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
888	12:9	r2m9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The idiom “bring them in from the outside” means that he had women from other clans marry his sons. Alternate translation: “he arranged for thirty daughters of other men from outside of his clan to marry his sons” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
889	12:10	jbg6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they buried him in Bethlehem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
890	12:11	k8nx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
891	12:11	jl6e		someone from the tribe of Zebulun
892	12:12	dn79		Translate the name of this place the same way you did in Judges 1:35.
893	12:12	dzh4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they buried him in Aijalon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
894	12:13	x9gz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
895	12:13	z3n6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
896	12:14	n7k2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	These men owned seventy donkeys, which they did ride. Here the word “rode” is used instead of “owned.” Alternate translation: “They owned seventy donkeys” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
897	12:14	ua8s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“40 sons … 30 grandsons … 70 donkeys (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
898	12:15	wqm2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Pirathon is the name of a place, someone who is from that place is called a Pirathonite. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
899	13:intro	eu67		Judges 13 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter begins the account of Samson (Judges 13-16). Special concepts in this chapter Warning not to cut his hair The angel of the Lord prophesied about Samson and gave instructions to Samson’s mother. Samson’s mother was to offer up her son under a Nazarite vow. This was a special type of vow, dedicating Samson to Yahweh. Part of this vow prohibited the cutting of the person’s hair. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]])
900	13:1	acr5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in Judges 2:11. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
901	13:1	g29r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hand” refers to power to gain victory in battle. Alternate translation: “he allowed the Philistines to defeat them” or “he allowed them to be oppressed by the Philistines” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
902	13:1	jxd2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“40 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
903	13:2	y3dj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This was the name of a town in Israel. It was in the region of Judah near the border of Dan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
904	13:2	l3wl		people from the tribe of Dan
905	13:2	v9vw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
906	13:3	a36u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This refers to childbirth. Alternate translation: “bear a son” or “have a baby boy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
907	13:4	nfl8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Something that Yahweh has stated is unfit to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
908	13:5	q3p1		“Pay attention” or “Listen”
909	13:5	wb3h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the word “head” refers to his hair. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “No one should ever cut his hair” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
910	13:5	lb1d		a sharp knife used to cut hair close to the skin
911	13:5	vq8h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that he will be devoted to God as a Nazirite. Alternate translation: “a Nazirite devoted to God” or “devoted to God as a Nazirite” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
912	13:5	zui7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the word “womb” refers to the time before the child is born. Alternate translation: “from before he is born” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
913	13:5	am6s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the word “hand” means control. Alternate translation: “the control of the Philistines” or “being under the Philistine’s control” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
914	13:6	djg9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that the man was sent by God. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “A man that God sent” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
915	13:6	w3z3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Here “terrible” means “frightening.” Alternate translation: “I was very afraid of him because he looked like an angel of God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
916	13:7	n53c		“Pay attention” or “Listen”
917	13:7	p1sr	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This refers to childbirth. Alternate translation: “bear a son” or “have a baby boy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
918	13:7	s1qy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Something that Yahweh has stated is unfit to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
919	13:7	pd9a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that he will be devoted to God as a Nazirite. See how you translated this in Judges 3:5. Alternate translation: “a Nazirite devoted to God” or “devoted to God as a Nazirite” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
920	13:7	xct1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism	This emphasizes that it would be for his entire life. Alternate translation: “all his life” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
921	13:8	nb4i		See how you translated this man’s name in Judges 13:2.
922	13:9	m96n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	You can make explicit the implicit meaning of the author’s words. Alternate translation: “came to Manoah’s wife” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
923	13:10	me6y		“Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
924	13:10	snn4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This refers to the angel of God in Judges 13:3. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the man of God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
925	13:12	gti5		“what you have said”
926	13:14	u67r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the angel refers to any food that grow on a vine as “coming” from the vine. Alternate translation: “anything that grows on a vine” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
927	13:14	f8vu	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Something that Yahweh has stated is unfit to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. See how you translated this phrase in Judges 13:7. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
928	13:15	aw65	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	You can make explicit the implicit meaning of Manoah’s statement. Alternate translation: “cook a young goat for you to eat” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
929	13:17	ut4y		“what you have said comes true”
930	13:18	dsd7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The angel asks this question as a rebuke. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not ask me what my name is.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
931	13:18	rr96	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It may be helpful to explain more explicitly why they should not ask his name. Alternate translation: “It is too wonderful for you to understand” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
932	13:19	lw91	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This law requires a grain offering to be offered when a burnt offering is made. Alternate translation: “with the grain offering required with it” or “with the grain offering to accompany it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
933	13:19	d2km		“on the altar.” The altar Manoah sacrificed the offering on was a rock.
934	13:19	pqv4		“The angel did something”
935	13:20	s8h8		“the angel of Yahweh went back up into heaven through the flames on the altar”
936	13:20	g2fz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	“lay with their faces to the ground.” This is a sign of respect and honor, but it also shows their fear of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
937	13:21	yi5q		The word “he” refers to the man who Manoah and his wife had seen.
938	13:22	f9uz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It is implied that they think God will cause them to die. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: “God will cause us to die because we have seen him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
939	13:23	u22x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Manoah’s wife said basically the same thing twice for emphasis. These two statements can be combined. Alternate translation: “He would not have told us what he wanted us to do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
940	13:24	n565		“Manoah’s wife”
941	13:24	lz2q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This refers to childbirth. Alternate translation: “bore a son” or “had a baby boy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
942	13:24	ht9i		“became an adult” or “matured”
943	13:25	hmc1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here the way Yahweh’s Spirit influences Samson is compared to the way a spoon stirs food in a pot. Alternate translation: “Yahweh’s Spirit began to influence Samson” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
944	13:25	wnc2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Mahaneh Dan is the name of a temporary camp that the tribe of Dan lived in while they looked for a permanent home. Eshtaol is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
945	13:25	x4d3		Translate the name of this town the same way you did in Judges 13:2.
946	14:intro	cl2d		Judges 14 General Notes Structure and formatting The account of Samson continues in this chapter. Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 14:14, 18. Special concepts in this chapter Intermarriage It was considered sinful for an Israel to marry a Canaanite or anyone from a different people group. This is why Samson’s parents did not want him to marry a Philistine woman. They use rhetorical questions to convince him that he is sinning. This woman caused Samson many problems. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
947	14:1	bwa3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	The phrase “went down” is used here because Timnah is lower in elevation than where his father’s house was. Timah is the name of a city in the Sorek Valley. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
948	14:1	u7xb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	The word “daughter” is a polite way to refer to a young, unmarried woman. Alternate translation: “one of the unmarried women among the Philistine people” or “a Philistine girl” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
949	14:2	b9h1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Samson was demanding his parents to speak to the Philistine woman’s parents about marriage. Alternate translation: “Now arrange for her to become my wife” or “Make the arrangements for me to marry her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
950	14:3	lcb9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	They ask this question to suggest that they could find Samson a wife among their own people. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Surely there are women among your people whom you could marry.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
951	14:3	x278	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	The word “daughter” is a polite way to refer to a young, unmarried woman. Alternate translation: “one of the unmarried women among your relatives” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
952	14:3	wj22	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question is asked to rebuke Samson. This question can be written as a statement. You can make explicit the reason his parents do not want him to marry a Philistine. Alternate translation: “You really should not marry a Philistine woman because the Philistine people do not worship Yahweh.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
953	14:3	srv6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Samson was demanding his parents to speak to the Philistine woman’s parents about marriage. Alternate translation: “Now arrange for her to be my wife” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
954	14:3	r62c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that Samson thinks she is beautiful. “I am pleased by how beautiful she is” or “she is beautiful” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
955	14:4	ubq9		This refers to Samson’s request to marry the Philistine woman.
956	14:4	k7hy		The word “he” refers to Yahweh.
957	14:5	d4lt	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	The phrase “went down” is used here because Timnah is lower in elevation than where his father’s house was. Timnah was a city in the Sorek Valley. Translate the name of this city the same way you did in Judges 14:1. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
958	14:5	ty9r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here the word “look” is used to draw the readers attention to a surprising event that happens in the story. The phrase “came up” means that the lion came near him. Alternate translation: “Suddenly, a young lion came near him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
959	14:5	szi7		“threatened him.” This is the kind of noise that a lion makes when it threatens to attack something.
960	14:6	m9m5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “came on” means that Yahweh’s Spirit influenced Samson. In this case, he made him very strong. Alternate translation: “Yahweh’s Spirit made him very strong” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
961	14:6	ryx9		tore into two pieces
962	14:6	t92d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	Here it states that he had nothing in his hand to emphasize that he was not holding a weapon. Alternate translation: “did not have a weapon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
963	14:7	s2mj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that he thought she was very beautiful. Alternate translation: “he was pleased by how beautiful she was” or “he thought she was very beautiful” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
964	14:8	d5v9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means that he left his path to do something. Alternate translation: “he left the path” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
965	14:8	ude7		dead body
966	14:8	um8z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here the word “look” is used to draw the reader’s attention to something surprising that happens in the story. Alternate translation: “He found a swarm of bees” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
967	14:8	y8ha		large group of insects
968	14:9	u3ie		“gathered up”
969	14:10	cm3z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “went down” is used to describe Timnah which is lower in elevation than where Samson’s father lives. Alternate translation: “Samson’s father went to where the woman lived” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
970	14:10	ugh2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It may be helpful to state that this was a marriage custom. Alternate translation: “the custom of young men who were getting married” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
971	14:11	ff89	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“30 of their friends” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
972	14:12	kh6c		a game in which the players must discover the answer to a difficult question
973	14:12	a8er	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means to figure out the meaning of the riddle. Alternate translation: “can figure out its meaning” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
974	14:12	fk4t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“30 linen robes and 30 sets of clothes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
975	14:12	ze1u		a type of cloth
976	14:13	yu1y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	Here the word “you” is plural and refers to the guests at the feast. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
977	14:14	z49r		Samson tells his riddle. Since it is supposed to be hard to understand, do not translate it in a way that people will immediately know what it means.
978	14:14	j8sv		“Out of the eater came something to eat” or “Something to eat came out of something that eats”
979	14:14	mcm3		The noun “eater” can be expressed as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “the thing that eats”
980	14:14	hsz9		“out of the strong came something sweet” or “Something that is sweet came out of something that is strong”
981	14:14	ck4e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	This refers to something that is strong. Alternate translation: “the strong thing” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
982	14:14	bdu6		“the men at his feast”
983	14:14	mf31	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here figuring out the answer to the riddle is spoke of as if it were something hidden that the guest had to search for and find. Alternate translation: “could not figure out the answer” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
984	14:15	wrs2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal	“day 4” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
985	14:15	w5dc		mislead or fool someone into doing something they would not want to do
986	14:15	jx5r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Possible meanings are (1) this refers to the actual house. Alternate translation: “the house your father and his family live in” or (2) “house” refers to the people who live in it. Alternate translation: “your family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
987	14:15	t8sh	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “burn up” means to burn something completely. If a person is “burnt up,” it means that person is burned to death. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
988	14:15	si25	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	They ask her this question to accuse her of doing evil. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have brought us here to make us poor!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
989	14:15	sg4i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	They would become poor if they had to buy him new clothes if they could not solve the riddle. Alternate translation: “to make us poor by forcing us to buy him new clothes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
990	14:16	hr3k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Samson’s wife basically said the same thing twice for emphasis. Alternate translation: “You do not really love me at all” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
991	14:16	d72a		a game in which the players must discover the answer to a difficult question
992	14:16	j4gp		This is used to get someones attention. Here “look” means to “listen.” Alternate translation: “Listen to me” or “Pay attention to what I am about to say”
993	14:16	zq8z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Samson was rebuking her for demanding that he tell her the answer. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have not even told my father or mother. I will not tell you.” or “you should not demand that I tell you, since I have not even told my parents, and they are closer to me than you are.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
994	14:17	ejm7		Possible meanings are (1) “during the seven days of their feast” or (2) “during the rest of the seven days of their feast.”
995	14:17	rfq6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal	“day 7” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
996	14:17	xid1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here the word “pressured” means “urged.” Alternate translation: “she kept urging him to tell her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
997	14:18	ui6t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This refers to Samson’s wife’s relatives. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the young men” or “her relatives” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
998	14:18	mq6y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal	“day 7” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
999	14:18	vi1z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This is the answer to the riddle. It may be written as a statement instead of as questions. If necessary it could be made clear how this relates to the riddle by adding more information. Alternate translation: “Honey is sweet and a lion is strong.” or “Honey is sweet and it came out of a lion.” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1000	14:18	scv6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Samson compares their using his wife to get the answer to someone using another person’s heifer to plow his field. Alternate translation: “If you had not used my wife” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1001	14:18	cl8w		To plow is to use an animal to pull a blade through soil to prepare the soil for seeds.
1002	14:19	m2gz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “came on” means that Yahweh’s Spirit influenced Samson. In this case, he made him very strong. Alternate translation: “made Samson very strong” or “made Samson very powerful” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1003	14:19	ht3c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“killed 30 of their men” - (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1004	14:19	kc4e		“the men who lived there”
1005	14:19	u2u5		things taken by force, usually after a fight or battle
1006	14:19	axx7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	These were from the plunder he had taken from Ashkelon. Alternate translation: “the sets of clothing that he had taken” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1007	14:19	ym43		“Very angry”
1008	14:19	d5ji		The phrase “went up” is used here because Samson was at Timnah which is lower in elevation than where his father’s house is located.
1009	14:20	hb14	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “his wife’s father gave her to his best friend” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1010	14:20	ibt7		“closest friend”
1011	15:intro	dn16		Judges 15 General Notes Structure and formatting The account of Samson continues in this chapter. Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 15:16. Special concepts in this chapter Samson’s strength The Spirit of Yahweh rushed upon Samson. This meant God gave Samson extraordinary strength. Samson’s power is the power of Yahweh himself and he enacted the judgment of God on the Philistines. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])
1012	15:1	gn7w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This refers to thinking. Alternate translation: “He thought to himself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1013	15:1	n6ml	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Samson intended to sleep with his wife. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “I will go to my wife’s room, so we may sleep together” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1014	15:1	hmg4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	The phrase “her room” is understood from what Samson said to himself. It can be repeated here. Alternate translation: “would not permit him to go into her room” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1015	15:2	f2qk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that he gave her to be his friend’s wife. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “so I gave her to be married to your friend” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1016	15:2	pn1a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	He asks this question to imply that Samson should agree with him. This question may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I hope you agree.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1017	15:2	ruf2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	He is suggesting that Samson take her as his wife. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Take her to be your wife instead” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1018	15:3	b19a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Samson thinks that he will be innocent if he attacks the Philistines because they wronged him. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “I will be innocent if I hurt the Philistines because they have wronged me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1019	15:4	vl3y	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“300 foxes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1020	15:4	bxn9		Foxes are animals like dogs that have long tails and that eat nesting birds and other small animals.
1021	15:4	g4ms		a pair is two of anything, such as two foxes, or two tails
1022	15:4	l3z7		“by their tails”
1023	15:4	b6p3		A torch is a stick of wood with something flammable attached to one end; a torch is often used to light other things or to be carried for light.
1024	15:5	p7mc		grain that is still growing on its stalk in the field
1025	15:5	i6qn		the stalks of grain collected in piles after it has been harvested
1026	15:5	a7kw		An orchard is a place where fruit trees are grown.
1027	15:6	mns7		The husband of a man’s daughter is a “son-in-law.”
1028	15:6	r78s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is a person from Timnah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1029	15:6	uk9a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Samson’s wife’s father gave her in marriage to Samson’s friend. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “took Samson’s wife and allowed her to marry Samson’s friend” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1030	15:6	hz8u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “burned up” means to burn something completely. If a person is “burned up,” it means that person is burned to death. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1031	15:7	sj8e		“said to the Philistines”
1032	15:7	k4eu		“Because you have done this.”
1033	15:8	x42b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “hip and thigh” refers to the whole body. This is a graphic description of how Samson killed the Philistines. Alternate translation: “He cut their bodies to pieces” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1034	15:8	m2qa	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here the phrase “went down” does not likely mean that he changed elevation, but rather, it is a way to describe someone going to another place. Alternate translation: “he went” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1035	15:8	xk3p		an opening in a hill or mountainside
1036	15:8	yl63		a high, rocky hill or mountainside
1037	15:8	b6rw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of the rocky hill country near Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1038	15:9	g7cb		The phrase “came up” is used here because the Philistines went to Judah which is higher in elevation than where they traveled from.
1039	15:9	fkh2		“organized themselves for battle”
1040	15:9	v6jw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a town in Judah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1041	15:10	ut2q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The Philistines are comparing how they want to kill Samson to how he killed many of the Philistines. Alternate translation: “kill him like he killed many of our people” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1042	15:11	y64p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“3,000 men of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1043	15:11	ji18		See how you translated this phrase in Judges 15:8.
1044	15:11	k7fw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The men of Judah ask Samson these questions to rebuke him. This questions may be written as a statements. Alternate translation: “You know that the Philistines are rulers over us but you act like they are not. What you have done has caused us great harm.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1045	15:11	td2d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Samson is referring to how they killed his wife and how he killed them in revenge. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “They killed my wife, so I killed them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1046	15:12	a6ty	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “hands” refers to power. Alternate translation: “the Philistine’s control” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1047	15:13	nz1k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means to cause someone to be under someone else’s control. Alternate translation: “give you to the Philistines” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1048	15:13	m8g6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This refers to the cave in the cliff of Etam where Samson had gone in Judges 15:8. Here the words “up from” mean that they had brought him away from the cave. Alternate translation: “away from the cave in the large rock” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1049	15:14	dr4z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Samson was not travelling alone, he was being led by the men who had tied him with ropes. Alternate translation: “When they came” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1050	15:14	xp7l		This is the name of a town in Judah. See how you translated this in Judges 15:9.
1051	15:14	w48h	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “came on” means that Yahweh’s Spirit influenced Samson. In this case, he made him very strong. Alternate translation: “made Samson very strong” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1052	15:14	nue5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Samson easily broken the ropes that bound his hands. The author describes how easily he broke the ropes by saying it was as if they had become burnt flax. Alternate translation: “He snapped the ropes on his arms as easily as if they had been stalks of burned flax” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1053	15:14	d1fe		fibers from the flax plant used for making threads and cloth
1054	15:15	w6nt		This means that the donkey had died very recently and its bones had not yet begun to decay. A jawbone is the bone in which the lower rows of teeth are set.
1055	15:15	nb59	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“1,000 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1056	15:16	dzp6		“a donkey’s jawbone”
1057	15:16	dm4v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This phrase describes how many people Samson killed. There were enough bodies to make large piles of bodies. Alternate translation: “I have made heaps of dead bodies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1058	15:17	ra2d	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a place. It’s name means “Jawbone Hill” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1059	15:18	ta26		“needed water to drink”
1060	15:18	t3wx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	Possible meanings are (1) Samson is so thirsty he could literally die. Alternate translation: “But now I will die of thirst and my body will fall into … uncircumcised.” or (2) Samson exaggerates how thirsty he is by asking if he will die of thirst. Alternate translation: “But now will you allow me to become so weak from my thirst that I fall into … uncircumcised?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1061	15:18	h9yr	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means to die because you have not drank enough and therefore, you do not have enough water in your body. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1062	15:18	u4x9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “fall into the hands” means to be captured. “Those who are uncircumcised” refers to the Philistines and with the word “uncircumcised” emphasizing that they do not worship Yahweh. Alternate translation: “be captured by those godless Philistines” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1063	15:19	c7pf		“opened a hole in the ground” or “opened the low place.” This refers to a low area of ground where Yahweh caused a spring of water to appear.
1064	15:19	c776		See how you translated this in Judges 15:9
1065	15:19	rty1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two phrase mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Samson became strong again. These two statements can be combined. Alternate translation: “he became strong again” or “he was revived” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1066	15:19	r7ji	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a spring of water. The name means “spring of him who prayed.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1067	15:19	k47v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means that the spring did not dry up but that it remained. The phrase “to this day” refers to the “present” time. Alternate translation: “the spring can still be found at Lehi, even today” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1068	15:20	ru29	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This refers to the time period that the Philistines controlled the land of Israel. Alternate translation: “during the time the Philistines controlled Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1069	15:20	l52v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“for 20 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1070	16:intro	u81n		Judges 16 General Notes Structure and formatting The account of Samson concludes in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Samson’s mistake Samson mistakenly thought that he was the source of his strength. He did not realize that Yahweh had left him and without Yahweh, he had no strength. This was not Samson’s only mistake. His foreign wife created most of his problems.
1071	16:1	l289	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	The phrase “went to bed with” is a polite way of referring to having sex. Alternate translation: “he had sex with her” or “he slept with her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1072	16:2	j859	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	The word “Gazites” refers to people from Gaza. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone told the people of Gaza” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1073	16:2	fyj2		This implies that some Gazites surrounded the place where Samson was staying and others waited at the city gate so that he could not leave.
1074	16:2	lsy6		Possible meanings are (1) “They did not make any noise all night” or (2) “They made no attempt to attack him all night.”
1075	16:3	iye2		“until the middle of the night”
1076	16:3	fv5x		These are supports for the city gate. These posts were probably made from tree trunks and were buried deep into the ground. The doors of the city gate were attached to these posts.
1077	16:3	c2m4		The bar was probably a heavy rod of iron that connected the gate to the posts. The doors of the city gate were probably made of heavy wooden beams or iron bars.
1078	16:3	m4dx		the part of the human body where the arms and the neck attach to the body
1079	16:3	yq6t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1080	16:4	itb4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a valley near Samson’s home. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1081	16:5	c6wz		to mislead or fool someone into doing something they would not want to do
1082	16:5	x4w2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom that means to learn something. Alternate translation: “to understand” or “to learn” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1083	16:5	vq28	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom that refers to where his strength comes from. Alternate translation: “what causes him to be very strong” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1084	16:5	y38x		“how we might overpower him”””
1085	16:5	g3bg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“one thousand one hundred pieces of silver.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1086	16:6	r4hy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “bind you to control you” or “bind you to restrain you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1087	16:7	ae1p		Bowstrings were often made from parts of an animal, often from the tendons. The words “fresh bowstrings” refer to those that come from a freshly slaughtered animal that have not yet dried.
1088	16:7	z8ml	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that have not yet dried” or “that are not dry yet” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1089	16:8	xv64	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that had not yet dried” or “that were not dry yet” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1090	16:8	xt1g		“Delilah tied Samson up with the fresh bowstrings”
1091	16:9	n6px	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author tells background information about Philistine men that Delilah had waiting to capture Samson. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
1092	16:9	by3q	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “upon you” means that they are ready to capture him. Alternate translation: “The Philistines are here to capture you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1093	16:9	sy3a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	The author describes how easily he broke the bowstrings by comparing them to how yarn breaks when it is burned. Alternate translation: “he broke the bowstrings as easily as if he were breaking burned yarn” or “he broke the bowstrings as easily as if they were made of thin yarn” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1094	16:10	x2km	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Deceiving and lying mean the same thing and are stated to emphasize how angry Delilah felt. Alternate translation: “You have greatly deceived me!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1095	16:10	e5iw		This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people can overpower you”
1096	16:12	vpr3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “upon you” means that they are there to capture him. Alternate translation: “The Philistines are here to capture you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1097	16:12	rnx9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means that they were hiding and waiting for the right moment to attack. Alternate translation: “waiting to attack him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1098	16:12	j7zp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	The author describes how easily Samson broke the ropes by comparing it to him breaking a piece of thread. Alternate translation: “as easily as if they were only a piece of thread” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1099	16:13	hg41	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Deceiving and lying mean the same thing and are stated to emphasize how angry Delilah felt. Alternate translation: “you have greatly deceived me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1100	16:13	t97z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people can overpower you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1101	16:13	s6f3		crossing pieces of material together so they hold each other in place
1102	16:13	h8x3		small bunches of hair
1103	16:13	c2e8		cloth made from weaving material together
1104	16:13	wv5v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	a machine used for combining many threads of material into a cloth (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1105	16:13	gkr7		“then nail the fabric to the loom”
1106	16:13	pn2m		to hammer a nail in order to hold something in one place
1107	16:13	w58a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “I will be as weak as any other man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1108	16:14	h61l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “upon you” means that they are there to capture him. Alternate translation: “The Philistines are here to capture you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1109	16:14	k9fi	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Samson pulled out the fabric from the loom when he pulled his hair away from the loom. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “pulled away his hair, taking with it the pin of the loom and the fabric in the loom” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1110	16:14	lc6p		This is the wooden nail or peg used to fasten the fabric to the loom.
1111	16:15	zzt1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Delilah asks this question to say that if Samson really loved her he would tell her his secrets. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “When you say ‘I love you,’ you are lying because you do not share your secrets with me.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1112	16:16	s5ui	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here the author speaks of how Delilah tries to persuade Samson as if she were putting pressure on him to convince him to tell her what she wants to know. Alternate translation: “tried hard to persuade him … kept trying to persuade him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1113	16:16	imn2		“by what she said to him”
1114	16:16	iqa6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	The author used a hyperbole, an exaggeration, to emphasize how miserable Sampson felt. Alternate translation: “that he was completely miserable” or “that he was very unhappy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1115	16:17	c8q9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	everything about the source of his strength. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “told her the source of his strength” or “told her the truth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1116	16:17	y8xz		a sharp blade used to cut hair close to a person’s skin
1117	16:17	z2nf	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that he is devoted to God as a Nazirite. See how you translated a similar phrase in Judges 13:5. Alternate translation: “a Nazirite devoted to God” or “devoted to God as a Nazirite” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1118	16:17	fhm4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “from my mother’s womb” refers to when he was born. This means that he has been a Nazirite since he was born. Alternate translation: “my entire life” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1119	16:17	t2us	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If someone shaves my head” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1120	16:17	seg5		to have had the hair cut close to the skin with a razor
1121	16:17	iq1l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Samson speaks about his strength as if it were a person who could leave him. Alternate translation: “I will not be strong any more” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1122	16:18	m9zg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here the word “saw” is a idiom that means to realize something. Alternate translation: “Delilah realized” or “Delilah learned” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1123	16:18	z2eu	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Here the word “everything” refers to everything about why Samson was strong. Alternate translation: “the truth about why he is strong” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1124	16:18	x4mm		Delilah is telling the rulers to come again to where she lives. Her home is likely at a higher elevation than where the rulers would be travelling from.
1125	16:18	ipi8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that they brought to her the silver that they had promised to give her if she helped them capture Samson. Alternate translation: “bringing the silver that they had promised to give her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1126	16:19	h2jg		“She caused him to fall asleep”
1127	16:19	x4y8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that he slept with his head on her lap. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “with his head on her lap” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1128	16:19	gjg3		The lap is the level area of the upper legs when a person is sitting down.
1129	16:19	vai4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession	Samson had seven locks of hair on his head. Locks are small bunches of hair. Here his locks of hair are described as “belonging” to his head. Alternate translation: “the seven locks of hair on his head” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
1130	16:19	w8dj		“control him”
1131	16:19	qt31	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	Here Samson’s strength is described as if it were a person who could leave him. Alternate translation: “his strength was gone” or “he was no longer strong” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1132	16:20	e9dj	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “upon you” means that they are ready to capture him. Alternate translation: “The Philistines are here to capture you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1133	16:20	jt7e		“awakened”
1134	16:20	n31e		“escape”
1135	16:20	n47x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It is implied that if Yahweh left Samson, he would no longer be strong. Alternate translation: “But he did not know that Yahweh had left him and that he would not be strong enough to defeat the Philistines” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1136	16:21	ve9n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means that they removed his eyes from his head. Alternate translation: “removed his eyes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1137	16:21	z2vv		The phrase “down to” is used here because they brought Samson to Gaza which is lower in elevation than his home where they captured him.
1138	16:21	t7gr		“chained him with bronze shackles” or “tied him up using bronze shackles”
1139	16:21	t1sq		locks on the end of chains that hold a prisoner at his feet or hands, or both
1140	16:21	mn74		“pulled the millstone around in a circle”
1141	16:21	ujq1		This is a very large, heavy, circular stone. Normally, a large animal pulls the millstone around in a circle to crush grain. Here the Philistines humiliate Samson by making him pull it.
1142	16:22	ru6p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “after the Philistines had shaved it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1143	16:23	b13v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	a major false god of the Philistines (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1144	16:23	p125		“has defeated”
1145	16:23	ekg1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here the author speak of Samson being under the rulers’ control as if he were something grasped tightly by their hands. Alternate translation: “put him under our control” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1146	16:24	ums1		This refers to Samson. The word “destroyer” can be expressed with the verb “destroy.” Alternate translation: “the man who has destroyed our country”
1147	16:24	y4qk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here the word “us” refers to the Philistine people. Those who are talking are not counting themselves among the people whom Samson killed. Alternate translation: “who killed many of our people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1148	16:25	hiy5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Since Samson was a prisoner, he would not be called directly, but rather the people were asking for the men in charge of the prison to bring him to them. Alternate translation: “Call for them to bring out Samson … They brought Samson” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1149	16:26	b8yg		“the young man” This was not a young child, but rather a youth.
1150	16:26	d2gs		“Allow me to touch the pillars which hold up the building”
1151	16:27	fx8p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	This word is used here to mark a break in the main story while the writer tells background information. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
1152	16:27	cp19	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“3,000 men and women” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1153	16:27	l6hc		“watching”
1154	16:27	ulj6		It is unclear what Samson did to entertain them. It seems the Philistines were making him do things that would humiliate him so that they could make fun of him.
1155	16:28	n4yh		“prayed to Yahweh”
1156	16:28	ypq4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means to remember him and his situation. Alternate translation: “remember me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1157	16:28	ld69		“one more time”
1158	16:28	f2en	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This idiom means that he wants to have one more powerful act against the Philistines to get full revenge for what they did to him. Alternate translation: “with one strike against the Philistine” or “in one powerful act against the Philistines” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1159	16:29	dmd3		“which held up the building”
1160	16:30	mt5g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	When Samson stretched out his arms he pushed down the pillars of the building. Alternate translation: “He used his strength to push down the pillars” or “He used his strength to push over the pillars” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1161	16:30	i5lw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	This refers to people who are dead. Alternate translation: “the dead people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1162	16:30	u7yd		“were a greater amount”
1163	16:31	rl5r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here the word “house” refers to his family. Alternate translation: “all of his father’s family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1164	16:31	jg6m		The phrase “came down” is used here because the place that Samson’s family traveled form was higher in elevation than Gaza.
1165	16:31	na1k		See how you translated the names of these places in Judges 13:2 and Judges 13:25.
1166	16:31	de6c		“where his father, Manoah, is buried”
1167	16:31	i2d4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	See how you translated this man’s name in Judges 13:2. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1168	16:31	wv8z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This same sentence is also in Judges 15:20. It is repeated here to remind readers of how long he judged Israel. Alternate translation: “Samson had judged Israel for twenty years before he died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1169	16:31	vmv2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“20 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1170	17:intro	c454		Judges 17 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter begins a section explaining how Israel came to have a king. Special concepts in this chapter Idols and figures According to the law of Moses, the Israelites were prohibited from making wooden figures or cast metal idols. This was a form of idolatry. This practice was common in Canaan and it shows the influence the Israelites allowed these people to have on them. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
1171	17:1	rrp1	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-participants	This is a way to introduce a new person to the story line. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
1172	17:1	ke46	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a man. It is not the same man who wrote the book of Micah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1173	17:2	c1x6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“one thousand one hundred pieces” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1174	17:2	k7it	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which someone stole from you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1175	17:2	m56x		“I was the one who took it”
1176	17:3	z9j9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“one thousand one hundred” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1177	17:3	p6yd	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means to dedicate something to a specific purpose. Alternate translation: “dedicate” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1178	17:3	sc6v		metal that has been melted and poured into a mold to form a special shape
1179	17:3	ss9u		“I give it back to you”
1180	17:4	xsr8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“200 pieces of silver” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1181	17:4	r9hl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	The word “they” refers to the metal figures. This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Micah placed them in his house” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1182	17:5	f5zy	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This refers to a house used specifically for worshiping idols. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “a house for worshiping idols” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1183	17:6	mxx3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “each person did what he decided was right” or “each person did what he judged to be right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1184	17:7	z9bc		“from Bethlehem”
1185	17:7	u5wv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that he was living among the family of Judah, that is, the tribe of Judah. Alternate translation: “who was living among the tribe of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1186	17:7	ktm7		“He lived and worked there”
1187	17:8	pd1z		“find a different place to live”
1188	17:9	u9x8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It is implied that he is looking for a place to live and work. Alternate translation: “where I might live and have a job” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1189	17:10	s5tz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The word “father” is here used in the sense of an advisor, and not to a literal father. Alternate translation: “an advisor and a priest” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1190	17:10	mw13		“I will give you ten pieces of silver each year”
1191	17:10	j73e		“a set of clothes”
1192	17:10	tm7m	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It is implied that the Levite accepted Micah’s offer, and therefore, entered Micah’s house. Alternate translation: “So the Levite accepted his offer and went into his house” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1193	17:11	mvs9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	The relationship between the Levite and Micah became like the close relationship between a father and son. Alternate translation: “the young man became close to Micah and was like one of his sons” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1194	17:12	t9an	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here “set apart” means that Micah “dedicated” or “ordained” him. Alternate translation: “Micah dedicated the Levite” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1195	17:12	s6d6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here living in Micah’s house is spoken of as “being” in his house. Alternate translation: “lived in Micah’s house” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1196	18:intro	y2ru		Judges 18 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter The tribe of Dan The tribe of Dan lacked faith in Yahweh and had yet to conquer its inheritance. In this chapter, they begin to conquer their land, but they also started to worship an idol. Their conquering of the land is much different than the other tribes’ victories. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]])
1197	18:1	d1r4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	This phrase introduces the beginning of another event in the story line. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
1198	18:1	w9qn	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	This is background information about Israel and the people of the tribe of Dan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
1199	18:1	g4f2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This refers specifically to land inherited where they would live. Alternate translation: “not received a land inheritance from” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1200	18:2	f83t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The phrase “the whole number” refers to all of the men in the tribe. Alternate translation: “from among all of the men in their tribe” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1201	18:2	j6xd		“experienced fighters”
1202	18:2	jv96		See how you translated the name of this town in Judges 13:2.
1203	18:2	cgy7		See how you translated the name of this town in Judges 13:25.
1204	18:2	wg6e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “on foot” means to walk. Alternate translation: “to scout the land by walking through it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1205	18:2	bt98		See how you translated this man’s name in Judges 17:1.
1206	18:3	c2tl	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	They recognized the man by the sound of his voice. Here “speech” refers to his “voice.” Alternate translation: “they heard the young Levite talking, and they recognized his voice” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1207	18:7	i57p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1208	18:7	a8c9		“There were no enemies living in their land who had conquered them”
1209	18:7	ch81		“had no contact with any outsiders.” This means they lived far enough away from any other city that they lived secluded from other people.
1210	18:8	f5il		Translate the name of this city the same as you did in Judges 13:2.
1211	18:8	lih2		Translate the name of this city the same as you did in Judges 13:25.
1212	18:9	zpe9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This rhetorical question is asked sarcastically and means that they should be doing the opposite. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should be acting now!” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1213	18:9	n8um	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives	These two negative words “not” and “slow” together emphasize the positive idea to attack quickly. Alternate translation: “Hurry! Attack” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1214	18:10	r61z		“the land is large.” This is a description of the size of the land.
1215	18:10	ab9j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	The men use a hyperbole, an exaggeration, to emphasize that it is a very desirable place to live. Alternate translation: “where we will have everything there that we need” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1216	18:10	aj2l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives	The two negative words together emphasize a positive idea. Alternate translation: “has everything” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1217	18:11	b97l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“600 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1218	18:12	z66i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1219	18:12	q4cf		Translate the name of this place the same as you did in Judges 13:25.
1220	18:12	f453	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means that something remains the same. It refers to the “present” time. Alternate translation: “and that is still its name” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1221	18:14	l46p		Translate the name of this town the same as you did in Judges 18:7.
1222	18:14	g3gr	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The five men asked this question to suggest and encourage the men that they should steal the idols. This can be written as a statement, and the implied information may be given in a parenthetical phrase. Alternate translation: “these houses contain an ephod, … metal figure. (They were suggesting that the men steal these things.) Decide … will do” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1223	18:14	g8xi		“in one of these house there is” or “among these houses is”
1224	18:15	cx88		“they turned”
1225	18:15	tf6m		The word “him” refers to the Levite.
1226	18:16	m84v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“600 Danites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1227	18:17	a6nq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“600 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1228	18:19	fje7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	They ask this as a rhetorical question to imply that it is true. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “It is better for you to be priest for a tribe and a clan in Israel than for just the house of one man.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1229	18:20	z2bp	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here the priest is referred to by his “heart” to emphasize his emotions. Alternate translation: “The priest was glad” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1230	18:21	v31e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	They traveled this way to protect the children. If Micah and his people attacked them the would reach the warriors first and not the children. Alternate translation: “They put the small children in front of themselves to protect them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1231	18:21	t33e		“the Danites turned around”
1232	18:22	p9e2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	“some distance.” This refers a short distance but one that is long enough to be considered as measurable progress. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1233	18:22	l34e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he called together the men who were in the houses near his house” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1234	18:22	vkf1		This implies that they ran after them. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “running after the Danites, they caught up with them”
1235	18:23	c2k3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	This question is a rebuke. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have called your men together to chase us.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1236	18:23	sbb8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “called these men together” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1237	18:24	dy7i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Micah did not make his gods, rather the craftsman made them. Alternate translation: “the gods which I had made for me” or “the gods which a craftsman made for me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1238	18:24	edz2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Micah asks this question to emphasize that he no longer has the things that are important to him. Alternate translation: “I have nothing left.” or “You have taken everything that is important to me.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1239	18:24	i1v2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Micah asks this question to emphasize that the Danites definitely know what is bothering him. Alternate translation: “You know that I am greatly distressed!’” or “You know how much I am bothered by what you have done to me!’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1240	18:25	yzy3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The phrase “us hear you say” refers to the Danites hearing Micah speaking about what had happened, but it also includes if they are told by others that Micah had spoken about what had happened. Alternate translation: “let us find out that you have said anything” or “say anything about this” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1241	18:25	pgt9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The word “anything” refers to any information about the Danites coming to Micah’s house and stealing his idols. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “hear you say anything about this matter” or “hear you say anything about what has happened” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1242	18:25	fqe4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “kill you and your family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1243	18:26	g59x	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means that they continued on their journey. Alternate translation: “continued on their journey” or “continued travelling” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1244	18:26	v6df	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This refers to the Danites being too strong for Micah and his men to fight against. Alternate translation: “they were too strong for him and his men to fight” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1245	18:27	k9py	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Micah did not make his gods, rather a craftsman made them for him. Also, this can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the things that had been made for Micah” or “Micah’s things” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1246	18:27	fw33		See how you translated this in Judges 18:7.
1247	18:27	r1pv	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	“with their swords.” Here “the sword” represents the swords and other weapons that the soldiers used in battle. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1248	18:28	p5rb		this means they lived far enough away from any other city, that they lived secluded from other people. See how you translated this phrase in Judges 18:7.
1249	18:28	vw28	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is a name of a town. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1250	18:30	z23n	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This is the name of the young Levite who used to serve as priest for Micah. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “The young Levite’s name was Jonathan the son of Gershom, son of Moses” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1251	18:30	myi7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This refers to a time later on when the people of Dan would be captured by their enemies. Here the land being conquered is spoken of as if it were a prisoner taken captive by an enemy. Alternate translation: “until the day that their enemies conquered their land” or “until the day that their enemies took them captive” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1252	18:31	m78z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Micah did not make his gods, rather the craftsman made them for him. Alternate translation: “that had been made for him” or “that his craftsman made for him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1253	19:intro	gj7f		Judges 19 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter The sin of Benjamin People from a village of the tribe of Benjamin raped a visitor’s wife to death. This was very evil, especially in the ancient Near East. The people of Israel considered mistreatment of a guest one of the worst crimes. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
1254	19:1	akh7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	This phrase introduces the beginning of another event in the story line. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
1255	19:1	u1qs		far from where most people live
1256	19:2	p37k	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that she was unfaithful in their relationship and that she began to sleep with other men. This can be stated explicitly if necessary. Alternate translation: “began to sleep with other men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1257	19:3	e9q8		“He took with him his servant and two donkeys”
1258	19:4	bhr2		“His father-in-law, that is, the girl’s father, persuaded” or “The girl’s father persuaded”
1259	19:4	v2kw		“spoke to him so he decided to stay”
1260	19:5	in6x		the Levite prepared
1261	19:5	kp5g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here “bread” refers to “food.” Alternate translation: “Eat some food so you will be strong enough to travel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1262	19:6	j88k		“Please stay another night”
1263	19:8	a9ur	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The father-in-law is suggesting that he strengthen himself by eating. He is also asking him to wait until the afternoon to leave. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Eat some food so you will be strong enough to travel, and wait until afternoon to leave” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1264	19:9	lvj4		“the day is almost over” or “it is almost evening”
1265	19:10	amf9		“which was later called Jerusalem”
1266	19:11	l8er	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom used to make a suggestion. Alternate translation: “I suggest that we” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1267	19:11	k4l3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means to take a break from their journey and stop somewhere along the route. Alternate translation: “stop at” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1268	19:12	yc4v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means to take a break from their journey and stop at a place along the route. See how you translated a similar phrase in Judges 19:11. Alternate translation: “stop at” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1269	19:13	mke2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom used to make a suggestion. Alternate translation: “I suggest that we” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1270	19:15	fgr6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means to take a break from their journey and stop at a place along the route. See how you translated a similar phrase in Judges 19:11. Alternate translation: “stopped” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1271	19:15	bqt5		the marketplace where people gathered during the day
1272	19:15	w9ny	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This phrase means for someone to invite them to spend the night in their home. Alternate translation: “invited them to stay in their house for that night” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1273	19:16	z1l2		A Benjamite was a descendant of Benjamin. See how you translated the name of this people group in Judges 3:15.
1274	19:17	lsd3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here the man looked up and paid attention to what was around him. Alternate translation: “He looked up” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1275	19:17	h3nh		the marketplace where people gathered during the day. See how you translated this in Judges 19:14.
1276	19:18	jzg4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This phrase refers to someone inviting other people into his house to spend the night there. Alternate translation: “who has invited me to stay in his house” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1277	19:18	c5ti	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here the Levite says “me,” but he is actually referring to himself along with his servant and his concubine. Alternate translation: “will take us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1278	19:19	he3w	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	Change to active voice. Alternate translation: “we have plenty of bread and wine” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1279	19:19	gw93	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person	The Levite speaks of himself and the others as servants and in the third person to show respect. Alternate translation: “me, my concubine, and my servant” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
1280	19:19	w8hb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	This can be written as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “We have everything we need” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
1281	19:20	ep3p		“Do not.” The word “only” is used here to emphasize what he did not want the Levite to do.
1282	19:20	jm1p		This refers to the city square. See how you translated this Judges 19:17.
1283	19:21	z5ah	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This means that he invited the Levite to spend the night in his house. Also, by inviting the Levite he was inviting the man’s concubine and servant as well. Alternate translation: “invited the Levite and his servants to stay in his house” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1284	19:22	dx6j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	The phrase “making their hearts glad” is an idiom that means to have a good time with someone else. Alternate translation: “they were have a good time together” or “they were enjoying themselves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1285	19:22	q1dh		Some men stood on all sides of the house.
1286	19:24	k4nm		This word is used to get the peoples’ attention. Alternate translation: “Listen”
1287	19:25	lk3t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here the author speaks of “agreeing” as if it were “listening.” Alternate translation: “the men would not accept his offer” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1288	19:25	ty8i		there could be confusion as to the identity of the man. Alternate translation: “the Levite seized his concubine”
1289	19:25	d28f		“when the sun was coming up” or “at first light” This refers to when the sun begins to rise.
1290	19:26	irp4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This refers to morning when it is bright outside. Alternate translation: “the sun was fully risen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1291	19:28	gk5s	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The woman did not answer because she was dead. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “But she did not answer because she was dead” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1292	19:29	r79a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	“section by section.” The author uses this graphic description of how the Levite cut up her body into specific pieces to emphasize what he did. “Limbs” refers to a person’s arms and legs. If there is not a similar phrase in your language, this description may be left out of the translation. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1293	19:29	fx7u	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“12 pieces” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1294	19:29	xd3i	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This means that he sent the different pieces to twelve different areas of Israel. Alternate translation: “sent each piece to a different place throughout Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1295	20:intro	lla1		Judges 20 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Benjamin destroyed The army of Israel destroys all the tribe of Benjamin except 600 men. After this point in time, the tribe of Benjamin becomes mostly insignificant.
1296	20:1	wg4p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	This simile speaks of the group as acting as a single person. It refers to a group of who people do everything together in the same way. Alternate translation: “as if they were a single man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1297	20:1	jp6a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism	This refers to the land as a whole. Alternate translation: “from all the eleven tribes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
1298	20:2	ze7s		“God and also 400,000 regular soldiers came”
1299	20:2	hzs8		“capable of going to war.” They were not going to fight each other.
1300	20:3	sl7g		This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author of the book tells background information about what the people of Benjamin knew.
1301	20:3	x8r4		Mizpah was located high in the mountains.
1302	20:4	sa27		“for the night” or “to stay for a night”
1303	20:6	gkc4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys	The word “outrage” describes the “wickedness.” Alternate translation: “outrageous wickedness” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
1304	20:7	h9h3		This word is used to introduce the conclusion of the speech of the Levite.
1305	20:7	wp5t	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	The words “advice” and “counsel” refer to the same thing and are repeated for emphasis. They can be combined. Alternate translation: “decide what we need to do about this” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1306	20:8	s9g2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	This simile speaks of the group as acting as a single person. They all acted together in exactly the same way. Alternate translation: “as if they were a single man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1307	20:8	s835	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	These two clauses say basically the same thing twice for emphasis. They can be combined. The words “none … go” and “none … return” emphasizes how the people will continue to stay there. They can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “We will all stay here” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
1308	20:9	xy7l		These words introduce the main portion of what the people say after the initial exclamation.
1309	20:9	l369		This involved tossing or rolling small marked stones to determine what God wants.
1310	20:10	wsa9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“10 men out of 100 … 100 out of 1,000 … 1,000 out of 10,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1311	20:10	mm9k		food and other things the people need
1312	20:11	wfs1		“came together to attack the city”
1313	20:13	m9f5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “kill them” or “execute them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1314	20:13	n1zx	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “voice” refers to the message that they spoke. Alternate translation: “what their brother said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1315	20:15	s9ku	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“26,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1316	20:15	g1vk	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“700” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1317	20:16	a8xm		A left-handed person is someone who is more skilled with their left hand than with their right hand.
1318	20:16	u1tj		This show how amazingly well they could aim and hit their target. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “could throw a stone at even a hair and hit it” or “could throw a stone at something as small as a hair and hit it”
1319	20:17	apy5		“not including”
1320	20:17	g8sz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“four hundred thousand men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1321	20:18	w2v7		“asked God what to do” or “asked God how to continue”
1322	20:19	k8jq		There is some question about the meaning of the Hebrew text. Instead of meaning that they set up their camp near Gibeah, it could mean that the army went out and stood across from Gibeah ready to fight.
1323	20:21	vj4c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“22,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1324	20:22	cr9j	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Here “strengthened” is an idiom that means they encouraged each other. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1325	20:22	wb6t		This probably means that the Israelites prepared their battle lines for the next day’s fighting. Alternate translation: “they got ready to fight the next day”
1326	20:23	cpc2		The method they used is not stated. The priest may have cast lots to determine God’s will.
1327	20:25	t59r	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“18,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1328	20:26	y97x		“in Yahweh’s presence” or “to Yahweh”
1329	20:27	usm6	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	This is background information that the author inserted to help the reader understand how the people asked Yahweh for an answer. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
1330	20:27	cs7a		“was at Bethel in those days”
1331	20:28	ly8e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	This is background information that the author inserted to help the reader understand how the people asked Yahweh for an answer. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
1332	20:28	d9ma	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “was serving as priest before the ark” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1333	20:28	w427	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Attack the army of Benjamin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1334	20:29	f7uq	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1335	20:29	k5i5		“in ambush”
1336	20:31	t9eh	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “fought against the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1337	20:31	d8me	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel drew them away from the city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1338	20:31	z77c	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “The people of Benjamin began to kill some of the men of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1339	20:32	e81w		“just as before” or “just like the first two times”
1340	20:33	a2ik	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1341	20:33	swx2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a place. Other translations may read “fields of Gibeah” or “west of Gibeah” or “Maareh Geba.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1342	20:34	de7z	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“10,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1343	20:34	wk8a	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom that means these were particularly good soldiers. Alternate translation: “well-trained soldier” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1344	20:34	p4k5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Here immanent disaster is spoken of as if it was standing very close by them. Alternate translation: “they would soon be completely defeated” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1345	20:35	bt91	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“twenty-five thousand one hundred men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1346	20:36	mrd4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	From this sentence until the end of verse 41 is background information that the writer inserted to explain to the readers how the ambush defeated the Benjamites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
1347	20:36	i3ru	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom that means they intentionally retreated. Alternate translation: “had allowed Benjamin to move forward” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1348	20:36	sq9e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This is an idiom that means they trusted their men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1349	20:39	btm9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	This verse continues to give background information that the writer inserted to explain to the readers how the ambush defeated the Benjamites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
1350	20:39	t29b		“would retreat from the fight”
1351	20:39	vbr9	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we have defeated them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1352	20:40	w5ns	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	This verse continues to give background information that the writer inserted to explain to the readers how the ambush defeated the Benjamites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
1353	20:41	ltm1		great harm, trouble, misery
1354	20:41	jg8p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This idiom means it happened to them. Alternate translation: “happened to them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1355	20:42	pdp2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	This speaks about fighting as if it were a person who could overtake someone. Alternate translation: “But the soldiers of Israel caught up to them” or “But they were not able to escape the fighting” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1356	20:43	xh56	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1357	20:43	cis4	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The completed destruction of the Benjamites is spoken of as if the Israelites stomped on their bodies. Alternate translation: “they completely destroyed them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1358	20:44	jd79	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“18,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1359	20:44	c8tw		“had fought bravely in the battle”
1360	20:45	akn8		“The remaining Benjamites turned and fled”
1361	20:45	e3cs	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“5,000 … 2,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1362	20:45	y3ry	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1363	20:46	d674	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“25,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1364	20:47	h1ci	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“600” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1365	20:48	h7m3		These people of Benjamin are not the soldiers who fled to the rock of Rimmon, but the ones who were still in the city.
1366	20:48	l4rw	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Here “the city” refers to the people in that city. Alternate translation: “everyone who was in the city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1367	20:48	ue39	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	This idiom refers to everything that they found as they went toward the city. Alternate translation: “they came to” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1368	21:intro	bf76		Judges 21 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter concludes the account of the previous chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Sin and immorality At the end of Judges, there is much sin and immorality. The people are doing wrong and fixing their wrongs by doing more evil things. This period of Judges is typified by this final account and summarized by the statement, “everyone did what was right in his own eyes.” (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
1369	21:1	w65e	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	This background information tells the reader about the promise that the Israelites made before the battle with the Benjamites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
1370	21:1	rw2t		This is the name of the descendants of Benjamin. See how you translated this in Judges 3:15.
1371	21:3	q8cb	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	The people of Israel used this rhetorical question to express their deep sadness. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Oh Yahweh, we are so sad that one of the tribes of Israel has been completely destroyed.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1372	21:5	xs35		The people are referring back to the assembly of the Israelites at Mizpah before they attacked the Benjamites.
1373	21:5	p72f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	This is background information to explain to the reader the promise that the Israelites had made at Mizpah before they attacked the Benjamites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
1374	21:5	flc8	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	Here “He” refers to anyone who did not go to Mizpah. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “We will certainly kill that person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1375	21:6	yb7g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	This speaks of the tribe of Benjamin as if it were Israel’s brother to show their closeness to the tribe. Alternate translation: “the surviving Benjamites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1376	21:6	j93p	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The destruction of the tribe of Benjamin is spoken of as if it had been cut off from Israel by a knife. This was an exaggeration because 600 men were still left. However, the women of Benjamin had been killed, so the future of the tribe was in question. Alternate translation: “one tribe has been removed” (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1377	21:7	dms9		The Israelites wanted to provide wives for the few surviving Benjamites, but their promise at Mizpah prevented them from doing that.
1378	21:8	vtf2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1379	21:9	jyg7		“people that were assembled at Mizpah were accounted for”
1380	21:9	qs2v	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	This refers back to the earlier assembly at Mizpah. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “none of the inhabitants of Jabesh Gilead had been present at Mizpah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1381	21:10	p52b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“12,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1382	21:10	qw5x		The next verse will add an exception to this general instruction.
1383	21:10	ajh8		“kill … with their swords”
1384	21:12	n2u2		This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in Judges 21:8.
1385	21:12	ani7	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	“400 young women” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1386	21:12	w47b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “who had not had sexual relations with a man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1387	21:13	c39b	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “peace” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “they wanted to stop fighting with them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1388	21:14	h1ad		This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in Judges 21:8.
1389	21:14	iu7g		There were six hundred Benjamite men, and only four hundred women from Jabesh Gilead.
1390	21:15	v114		“had caused the tribes of Israel not to be unified”
1391	21:16	sc2b		This refers to the descendants of Benjamin. See how you translated this in Judges 3:15.
1392	21:16	rgy2	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we killed all the Benjamite women” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1393	21:17	mk7l	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	The Israelites are exaggerating. They had already given wives to four hundred of the Benjamites, so the tribe would not be completely destroyed. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1394	21:18	qnk3	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Here Benjamin refers to the male descendants of Benjamin. Alternate translation: “a wife to the men of Benjamin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1395	21:19	u453	rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	This is background information to explain to the reader where the city of Shiloh is located. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
1396	21:19	m2hz	rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1397	21:21	am3f	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	It is understood that the Benjamites would take these women back to their own land with them. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “each one of you should seize one of the girls of Shiloh, and then take her back with you to the land of Benjamin to become your wife” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1398	21:22	z5gg	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	The abstract noun “favor” can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: “Act kindly toward us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1399	21:22	zsi5	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “because we did not get wives for each of them during the war with Jabesh Gilead” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1400	21:22	pcc6		This refers to the men of Shiloh. They did not voluntarily give their daughters to the Benjamites, and therefore did not break their promise not to do that.
1401	21:23	ng9r		This refers to one wife for each of the two hundred Benjamite men who did not receive wives from Jabesh Gilead (Judges 21:14).
1402	21:25	b8xe		“Israel did not yet have a king”
1403	21:25	d46g	rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what he judged to be right” or “what he considered to be right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

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Introduction to Judges

Part 1: General Introduction

Outline of Judges

What is the Book of Judges about?

How should the title of this book be translated?

Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts

What kind of leaders were the judges?

What kind of society was Israel during the time of the judges?

What spiritual struggles did Israel experience during the time of the judges?

Part 3: Important Translation Issues

What is the meaning of the phrase “in those days there was no king in Israel, and everyone did what was right in his own eyes”?

What is the meaning of the phrase “to this day”?

Judges 01 General Notes

Structure and formatting

“After the death of Joshua”

Special concepts in this chapter

Finishing the conquest of the Promised Land

Judges 02 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Yahweh tests Israel

Judges 03 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

The people worship false gods

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

“Blew a trumpet”

Judges 04 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Barak’s leadership

Judges 05 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

The flood

Judges 06 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Israel’s punishment

Judges 07 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

God gets all of the credit

Judges 08 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Succoth’s refusal to help Gideon

Gideon refuses to be king

Judges 09 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Jotham’s curse

Tree metaphor

Judges 10 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Israel’s punishment

Judges 11 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Jephthah the leader

Judges 12 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

Shibboleth

Judges 13 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Warning not to cut his hair

Judges 14 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Intermarriage

Judges 15 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Samson’s strength

Judges 16 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

Samson’s mistake

Judges 17 General Notes

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