ar_tn/tn_NUM.tsv

523 KiB
Raw Permalink Blame History

1ReferenceIDTagsSupportReferenceQuoteOccurrenceNote
2front:introp55k0

Introduction to Numbers

Part 1: General Introduction

Outline of Numbers

  1. Preparing to leave Sinai (1:110:10)4:3
    • Counting and assembling the tribes (1:14:49)
    • Regulations (5:16:27)
    • Dedicating the altar (7:189)
    • Setting up the lampstand (8:14)
    • Setting apart the Levites (8:529)
    • Second Passover; the cloud to lead them; trumpets (9:110:10)
  2. Sinai to Moab, through the wilderness (10:1117:13)
    • Complaining and murmuring (10:1111:15)
    • The quails (11:1635)
    • Miriams leprosy (12:116)
    • The spies selected and sent (13:114:45)
    • Commands (15:141)
    • Korahs rebellion (16:117:13)
  3. The Priests and purifying (18:119:22)
    • Priests and Levites (18:132)
    • The law about purifying (19:122)
  4. Conflicts (20:121:35)
    • Miriams death (20:113)
    • Edoms refusal and Aarons death (20:1429)
    • Journey to Moab (21:135)
  5. The Plains of Moab (22:136:13)
    • Balaam (22:124:25)
    • Baal Peor (25:118)
    • The second counting (26:165)
    • Inheritance rights for daughters (27:111)
    • Joshua succeeds Moses (27:1223)
    • Offerings and womens vows (28:130:16)
    • Midianite war (31:154)
    • Across the Jordan (32:142)
    • The people set up camp (33:156)
    • Land west of the Jordan; cities for Levites and cities of refuge (34:135:34)
    • Female heirs marry (36:113)

What is the Book of Numbers about?

The Book of Numbers tells about the people of Israel as they traveled from Mount Sinai in the wilderness to the Jordan River. While traveling, the Israelites became discouraged. So they rebelled against the leaders whom God had given them. At the Jordan River, the people of Israel refused to enter the Promised Land. Because the Israelites were afraid and did not trust God, he delayed their entry into the Promised Land for forty years (13:114:45). (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])

How should the title of this book be translated?

The title of this book, “Numbers,” refers to when the number of the Israelites was counted. The people of the project language may already be familiar with the name “Numbers” from other Bible versions. If not, the translator could consider a clearer name for the book, such as “The Counting of the People of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/census]])

Who wrote the Book of Numbers?

The writers of both the Old and New Testament present Moses as being very involved with writing the Book of Numbers. Since ancient times, both Jews and Christians have thought that Moses wrote Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.

Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts

How does Numbers present the idea of the whole community being responsible when only a few people sinned?

The people understood and assumed that God would punish the whole community of Israel if some of the people rebelled against him. God did often punish the entire nation when some of them sinned. All of the people in the ancient Near East would have understood and expected this. However, Moses and Aaron prayed for God to punish only those who were guilty.

Part 3: Important Translation Issues

Why does Moses speak using third person pronouns about himself?

When an author wrote about something he was involved in, it was common for him to use the pronoun “he” instead of “I,” or “they” instead of “we.” The translator may decide to use the projects normal pronouns instead. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

“Shall” and “Shall not”

In this book, “shall” is used to give a command and “shall not” is used to give a prohibition. While the form itself is not a command or prohibition, it can be interpreted and translated as such. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate these words using a command or instruction form. (See [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative]])

Sons of Israel and Israel

Throughout this book, “sons of Israel” and “Israel” usually refer to the Israelite nation or people group as if all of them were the sons of their ancestor Israel, who is also called Jacob. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” or “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/israel]])

31:introav140

Numbers 1 General Notes

Structure and Formatting

  1. Preparing to leave Sinai (1:110:10)
    • Counting and assembling the tribes (1:14:49)

This chapter is intended to form a smooth transition from the last chapter of the book of Leviticus. It describes the counting of Israelite men who are able to fight in the army.

Special Concepts in this Chapter

Census

In this chapter, Yahweh commands Moses and Aaron to count how many men of military age were in each tribe of Israel. Some of these men were also called to lead their family groups.

Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter

“A son of 20 years and upward”

This phrase refers to a man who is at least 20 years old. It might be helpful in your language to state this more plainly. Alternate translation: “a man who is at least 20 years old” or “a man who is 20 years or older” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

“One who goes out to war”

This phrase refers to a soldier by describing the action that characterizes a soldier. If your readers would not understand what this concept means in this context, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “one who can be a soldier” or “one who can fight in a war”

41:1norerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitבְּ⁠אֶחָד֩1

Moses uses one to imply day one of the second month. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “on day one”

51:1xg17rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownבְּ⁠מִדְבַּ֥ר סִינַ֖י1

Here, wilderness refers to the dry, barren desert plain that is common in the Sinai peninsula region of the modern Middle East. If your language has a word for this kind of landscape, consider using it here. If not, consider using a general expression. Alternate translation: “in the dry, desert plain of Sinai”

61:1qchvrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalבְּ⁠אֶחָד֩1

Here Moses is using a cardinal number, one, to mean “first.” If your language does not use cardinal numbers, you can also use a ordinal number here in your translation. Alternate translation: “on the first”

71:1u2p1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonthsלַ⁠חֹ֨דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֜י1

The second month of the Hebrew calendar includes the last half of April and the first half of May on Western calendars. You could convert the Hebrew day and month into an approximate date on the calendar that your culture uses. However, the Jews used a lunar calendar, so if you use a solar calendar, the date will be different every year and the translation will not be entirely accurate. So you may just want to give the number of the day and the name of the month on the Hebrew calendar, which is “Iyar” here, then say in a footnote approximately what time of year that is on your calendar.

81:1owqrrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalלַ⁠חֹ֨דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֜י בַּ⁠שָּׁנָ֣ה הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֗ית1

If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you can use cardinal numbers here. Alternate translation: “of month two in year two”

91:1nydzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsלְ⁠צֵאתָ֛⁠ם1

Here the pronoun their refers to the Israelites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “of the Israelites going out”

101:1ppu9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarksלֵ⁠אמֹֽר1

Here the word saying introduces direct speech that continues until 1:15. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.

111:2m9tqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomשְׂא֗וּ אֶת־רֹאשׁ֙1

Lift up the heads is an idiom that means to take a census by counting people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Take a census of”

121:2hmx9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitכָּל1

Here, all refers to all men, as indicated by the phrase every male that occurs later in the verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “all men of”

131:2r6abrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionעֲדַ֣ת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל1

Here Moses is using the possessive form to describe a the congregation that is the sons of Israel. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the congregation, that is, the sons of Israel”

141:2uprlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל1

This is the first of many times in this book that sons of Israel refers to the Israelite nation or people group who descended from Israel. See the discussion of how to translate this phrase in the book introduction.

151:2jnhsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלְ⁠בֵ֣ית1

Here, house refers to family members who live together in the same house. In ancient Israel three or four generations of a family lived in the same house and a clan consisted of several of these families. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “according to the families of”

161:2j6ykrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorאֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם1

Here, fathers means “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “their ancestors”

171:2dl47rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitבְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמ֔וֹת1

Here, names refers to the names of the men whom Moses would count. The phrase means that Yahweh wants Moses to record the names of each male that he counts. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “recording the names of those counted”

181:2po5zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheלְ⁠גֻלְגְּלֹתָֽ⁠ם1

Here, skulls refers to the whole person. This phrase means that Yahweh wants Moses to count every individual male without leaving any out of the census. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “individually” or “head by head”

191:3wtklrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomמִ⁠בֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה1

Here, a son of 20 years and upward refers to a man who is at least 20 years old. See the discussion of this phrase in the General Notes for this chapter.

201:3pqtqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyיֹצֵ֥א צָבָ֖א1

This phrase refers to a soldier by describing what soldiers usually do. See the discussion of this phrase in the General Notes for this chapter.

211:3eeg3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּ⁠יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל1

Here, Israel refers to the Israelite nation or people group. See the discussion of how to translate Israel in the book introduction.

221:3s1xkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingularאַתָּ֥ה1

You here is singular and refers to Moses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “You, Moses,”

231:3bee2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarativeתִּפְקְד֥וּ1

Here, shall indicates a command. See the discussion of shall in the book introduction.

241:3tg9nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלְ⁠צִבְאֹתָ֖⁠ם1

Here, armies refers to groups of soldiers from each of the Israelite tribes. This phrase indicates that Yahweh wanted Moses and Aaron to count the number of men in each of these groups. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “by their military divisions”

251:4qnserc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomוְ⁠אִתְּ⁠כֶ֣ם1

Here, with you refers to these men helping Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And to assist you” or “And to help you”

261:4cx5drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youdualוְ⁠אִתְּ⁠כֶ֣ם1

Here Yahweh uses you to refer to two men, Moses and Aaron, so you would be dual, if your language uses that form. Otherwise, the word would be plural.

271:4lmuxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomאִ֥ישׁ אִ֖ישׁ1

Here the phrase a man, a man is a Hebrew idiom that means “one man each.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternative translation: “one man each”

281:4j29vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלַ⁠מַּטֶּ֑ה1

Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe a a man from each tribe. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “from each tribe”

291:4ku8vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorאִ֛ישׁ רֹ֥אשׁ1

Here, the head man refers to the leader of a group of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternative translation: “will be the leader”

301:4m26brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלְ⁠בֵית־אֲבֹתָ֖י⁠ו1

See how you translated the similar phrase “the house of their fathers” in 1:2.

311:5u632rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorיַֽעַמְד֖וּ אִתְּ⁠כֶ֑ם1

Here, stand with you refers to helping Moses and Aaron lead the Israelite community. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “assist you in leading the Israelite community”

321:5jh5grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youdualאִתְּ⁠כֶ֑ם1

Here Yahweh uses you to refer to two men, Moses and Aaron. See how you translated the same use of you in the previous verse.

331:5cbvwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלִ⁠רְאוּבֵ֕ן1

Here, of indicates that Elizur is a member of the tribe that descended from Jacobs son Reuben. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “from the tribe of Reuben”

341:5gs4arc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאֱלִיצ֖וּר & שְׁדֵיאֽוּר1

Elizur and Shedeur are names of men.

351:6y5mcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠שִׁמְע֕וֹן1

See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in the previous verse.

361:6m6h9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesשְׁלֻמִיאֵ֖ל & צוּרִֽישַׁדָּֽי1

Shelumiel and Zurishaddai are names of men.

371:7gs8frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלִֽ⁠יהוּדָ֕ה1

See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.

381:7yvozrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesנַחְשׁ֖וֹן & עַמִּינָדָֽב1

Nahshon and Amminadab are names of men.

391:8j95mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠יִ֨שָּׂשכָ֔ר1

See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.

401:8j730rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesנְתַנְאֵ֖ל & צוּעָֽר1

Nethanel and Zuar are names of men.

411:9ls1mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלִ⁠זְבוּלֻ֕ן1

See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.

421:9gldprc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאֱלִיאָ֖ב & חֵלֹֽן1

Elliab and Helon are names of men.

431:10q776rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י יוֹסֵ֔ף לְ⁠אֶפְרַ֕יִם1

See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.

441:10jrdzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י יוֹסֵ֔ף1

Here, sons refers to the biological sons of Joseph, Ephraim and Manasseh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “from Josephs two sons”

451:10iksbrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאֱלִישָׁמָ֖ע & עַמִּיה֑וּד & גַּמְלִיאֵ֖ל & פְּדָהצֽוּר1

Elishama, Ammihud, Gamaliel, and Pedahzur are names of men.

461:11ibhjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠בִ֨נְיָמִ֔ן1

See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.

471:11zocjrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאֲבִידָ֖ן & גִּדְעֹנִֽי1

Abidan and Gideoni are names of men.

481:12fxterc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠דָ֕ן1

See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.

491:12nzknrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאֲחִיעֶ֖זֶר & עַמִּֽישַׁדָּֽי1

Ahiezer and Ammishaddai are names of men.

501:13ghrdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠אָשֵׁ֕ר1

See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.

511:13i3uirc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesפַּגְעִיאֵ֖ל & עָכְרָֽן1

Pagiel and Okran are names of men.

521:14ie7urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠גָ֕ד1

See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.

531:14fir2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאֶלְיָסָ֖ף & דְּעוּאֵֽל1

Eliasaph and Deuel are names of men.

541:15p6jkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠נַ֨פְתָּלִ֔י1

See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.

551:15f3wkrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאֲחִירַ֖ע & עֵינָֽן1

Ahira and Enon are names of men.

561:15rp8wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarksעֵינָֽן1

The direct speech that began in 1:2 ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.

571:16r5lfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveקריאי הָ⁠עֵדָ֔ה1

The text does not specify who called the called ones of the congregation. Most likely, the Israelite community appointed these men in some way. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the ones whom the community appointed”

581:16xpdbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveקריאי1

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, the previous verses indicate that Yahweh called these men. Alternate translation: “were those whom Yahweh called of”

591:16elbprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitקריאי1

Here, called refers to being chosen to do something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “were the chosen ones of”

601:16g9m9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorאֲבוֹתָ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated the same use of this phrase in 1:2.

611:16s9hvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorרָאשֵׁ֛י1

See how you translated the same use of “head” in 1:4.

621:16rsairc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorאַלְפֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל1

Here, the thousands of Israel refers to the divisions of people within Israels tribes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the divisions within Israel”

631:17g4kgrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorוַ⁠יִּקַּ֥ח מֹשֶׁ֖ה וְ⁠אַהֲרֹ֑ן אֵ֚ת הָ⁠אֲנָשִׁ֣ים הָ⁠אֵ֔לֶּה1

Here, took means that Moses and Aaron summoned these men to come to them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And Moses and Aaron called these men to come to them”

641:17tgy4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveאֲשֶׁ֥ר נִקְּב֖וּ בְּ⁠שֵׁמֽוֹת1

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, the previous verses indicate that Yahweh called these men. Alternate translation: “whom Yahweh had designated by names”

651:17xvilrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisבְּ⁠שֵׁמֽוֹת1

Moses is leaving out a word that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “by their names”

661:18cl8orc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsהִקְהִ֗ילוּ1

Here, they refers to Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST.

671:18o6ilrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalבְּ⁠אֶחָד֙ לַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֔י1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:1.

681:18xgecrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsוַ⁠יִּתְיַֽלְד֥וּ עַל־מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם & לְ⁠גֻלְגְּלֹתָֽ⁠ם1

Here, they and their refer to all the Israelite men who were 20 years old or older. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And the men declared their ancestry in accordance with their clans, according to the house of these mens fathers … according to these mens skulls”

691:18nt8vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorעַל־מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם בְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמ֗וֹת1

See how you translated the similar phrases in 1:2.

701:18ku8zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomמִ⁠בֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָ֛ה וָ⁠מַ֖עְלָ⁠ה1

See how you translated the phrase in 1:3.

711:18avncrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheלְ⁠גֻלְגְּלֹתָֽ⁠ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

721:19bpgorc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsוַֽ⁠יִּפְקְדֵ֖⁠ם1

Here, he refers to Moses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And Moses counted them”

731:19a7ssrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownבְּ⁠מִדְבַּ֥ר סִינָֽי1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:1.

741:20-21ew65rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge1

If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:20 and 1:21 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Reuben together.

751:20n9s3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְנֵֽי1

Here, sons refers to descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 1:2.

761:20tp1prc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל1

Here, Israel refers to the Isaacs son, who was also called Jacob. It does not refer to the entire nation named after Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “Isaacs son Israel”

771:20jqs9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitתּוֹלְדֹתָ֥⁠ם1

Here, generations refers to the descendants of the sons of Reuben who were counted in this census. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “those descendants”

781:20bsfsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם בְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֤ר שֵׁמוֹת֙ לְ⁠גֻלְגְּלֹתָ֔⁠ם1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:2.

791:20imh0rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomמִ⁠בֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:3.

801:21lpkurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֖ם1

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, 1:3 indicates that Moses and Aaron counted these men. Alternate translation: “those whom Moses and Aaron counted”

811:21yeufrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠מַטֵּ֣ה1

Here Moses is using the possessive form to describe a tribe that descended from Reuben. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “of the tribe that descended from”

821:21v8dyrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשִׁשָּׁ֧ה וְ⁠אַרְבָּעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וַ⁠חֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת1

Alternate translation: “forty-six thousand five hundred men”

831:22-23oyq7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge1

If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:22 and 1:23 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Simeon together.

841:22yd37rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י1

See how you translated the same use of Of in 1:5 and the same use of sons in 1:2.

851:22pv2lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorתּוֹלְדֹתָ֥⁠ם לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם & בְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֤ר שֵׁמוֹת֙ לְ⁠גֻלְגְּלֹתָ֔⁠ם כָּל־זָכָ֗ר מִ⁠בֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.

861:22n4c5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfoפְּקֻדָ֗י⁠ו1

Here, his refers to the descendants of Simeon as if they were Simeon himself. Since the same idea is repeated as “their counted ones” in the next verse, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here, as in the UST.

871:22f3borc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקֻדָ֗י⁠ו1

If you keep this phrase in your translation, see how you translated the same use of counted ones in 1:21.

881:23g5ixrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֖ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

891:23j90brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠מַטֵּ֣ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

901:23jkgbrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersתִּשְׁעָ֧ה וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּ⁠שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת1

Alternate translation: “fifty-nine thousand three hundred”

911:24-25rhkgrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge1

If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:24 and 1:25 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Gad together.

921:24thvtrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥⁠ם לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם בְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמ֗וֹת מִ⁠בֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.

931:25au8rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֖ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

941:25pd5hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠מַטֵּ֣ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

951:25xw6xrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersחֲמִשָּׁ֤ה וְ⁠אַרְבָּעִים֙ אֶ֔לֶף וְ⁠שֵׁ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וַ⁠חֲמִשִּֽׁים1

Alternate translation: “forty-five thousand six hundred fifty”

961:26-27bb7grc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge1

If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:26 and 1:27 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Judah together.

971:26dm5nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥⁠ם לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם בְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִ⁠בֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.

981:27wa5grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֖ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

991:27vt8arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠מַטֵּ֣ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1001:27vh5erc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersאַרְבָּעָ֧ה וְ⁠שִׁבְעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְ⁠שֵׁ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת1

Alternate translation: “seventy-four thousand six hundred”

1011:28-29r9b0rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge1

If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:28 and 1:29 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Issachar together.

1021:28mv7frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥⁠ם לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם בְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִ⁠בֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.

1031:29nv2yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֖ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1041:29sbfcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠מַטֵּ֣ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1051:29s35nrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersאַרְבָּעָ֧ה וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְ⁠אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת1

Alternate translation: “fifty-four thousand four hundred”

1061:30-31mb7xrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge1

If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:30 and 1:31 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Zebulun together.

1071:30d4cerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥⁠ם לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם בְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִ⁠בֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.

1081:31x4v2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֖ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1091:31bm0brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠מַטֵּ֣ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1101:31v7syrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשִׁבְעָ֧ה וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְ⁠אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת1

Alternate translation: “fifty-seven thousand four hundred”

1111:32-33ps6frc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge1

If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:32 and 1:33 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Ephraim together.

1121:32nazbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלִ⁠בְנֵ֤י יוֹסֵף֙1

This phrase refers to both Ephraim, who is mentioned in this verse and the next, and Manasseh, who is mentioned in 1:3435. If it would be helpful in your language, you could repeat this phrase in 1:3435. See how you translated this phrase in 1:10.

1131:32wc6urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥⁠ם לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם בְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִ⁠בֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.

1141:33vfi3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֖ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1151:33qpjurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠מַטֵּ֣ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1161:33rp9vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersאַרְבָּעִ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף וַ⁠חֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת1

Alternate translation: “forty thousand five hundred”

1171:34-35qiourc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge1

If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:34 and 1:35 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Manasseh together.

1181:34xem1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥⁠ם לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם בְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמ֗וֹת מִ⁠בֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.

1191:35tuiirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֖ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1201:35ojv7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠מַטֵּ֣ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1211:35tyjyrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשְׁנַ֧יִם וּ⁠שְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּ⁠מָאתָֽיִם1

Alternate translation: “thirty-two thousand two hundred”

1221:36-37j7hhrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge1

If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:36 and 1:37 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Benjamin together.

1231:36qk2src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥⁠ם לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם בְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִ⁠בֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.

1241:37z1k4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֖ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1251:37uoparc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠מַטֵּ֣ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1261:37nfvurc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersחֲמִשָּׁ֧ה וּ⁠שְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְ⁠אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת1

Alternate translation: “thirty-five thousand four hundred”

1271:38-39puiurc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge1

If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:38 and 1:39 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Dan together.

1281:38gkt3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥⁠ם לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם בְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִ⁠בֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.

1291:39iuf8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֖ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1301:39l8ufrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠מַטֵּ֣ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1311:39yqdbrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשְׁנַ֧יִם וְ⁠שִׁשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּ⁠שְׁבַ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת1

Alternate translation: “sixty-two thousand seven hundred”

1321:40-41qiborc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge1

If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:40 and 1:41 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Asher together.

1331:40ehj1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥⁠ם לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם בְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִ⁠בֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.

1341:41az93rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֖ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1351:41wx20rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠מַטֵּ֣ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1361:41vv5xrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersאֶחָ֧ד וְ⁠אַרְבָּעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וַ⁠חֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת1

Alternate translation: “forty-one thousand five hundred”

1371:42-43omi2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge1

If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:42 and 1:43 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Naphtali together.

1381:42mlr4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorבְּנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥⁠ם לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם בְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִ⁠בֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.

1391:43nv44rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֖ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1401:43vlo3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠מַטֵּ֣ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1411:43sskzrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשְׁלֹשָׁ֧ה וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְ⁠אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת1

Alternate translation: “fifty-three thousand four hundred”

1421:44m11wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfoהַ⁠פְּקֻדִ֡ים אֲשֶׁר֩ פָּקַ֨ד מֹשֶׁ֤ה וְ⁠אַהֲרֹן֙1

Since the same idea of “their counted ones” is repeated in the next phrase, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here. Alternate translation: “were the people whom Moses and Aaron had counted”

1431:44rjq9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוּ⁠נְשִׂיאֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ר אִ֑ישׁ1

Here Moses implies that these 12 men helped Moses and Aaron count the people, as stated in 1:5. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “with the 12 leaders of Israel helping them”

1441:44fcfyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomאִישׁ־אֶחָ֥ד לְ⁠בֵית־אֲבֹתָ֖י⁠ו הָיֽוּ1

Here the phrase one man indicates that each of the 12 men represented his own tribe. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “each one of them was from the house of his fathers”

1451:44kl6lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלְ⁠בֵית־אֲבֹתָ֖י⁠ו1

See how you translated the house of his fathers in 1:4.

1461:45zf3erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקוּדֵ֥י1

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The previous verse indicates that Moses, Aaron, and the 12 leaders did the action. Alternate translation: “the ones whom Moses, Aaron, and the 12 leaders counted of”

1471:45nvoqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

1481:45x876rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם מִ⁠בֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה כָּל־יֹצֵ֥א צָבָ֖א בְּ⁠יִשְׂרָאֵֽל1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:3.

1491:46v79vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveהַ⁠פְּקֻדִ֔ים1

See how you translated a similar phrase in 1:21.

1501:46ric5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשֵׁשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת אֶ֖לֶף וּ⁠שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֑ים וַ⁠חֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת1

Alternate translation: “six hundred and three thousand five hundred and fifty”

1511:47rv7arc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrastוְ⁠הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֖ם1

And introduces a contrast to what was expected. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “But”

1521:47eoybrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠מַטֵּ֣ה1

See how you translated the tribe of in 1:21.

1531:47f0v5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyאֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated the same use of fathers in 1:2.

1541:47nym2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveלֹ֥א הָתְפָּקְד֖וּ1

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, the previous verses indicate that Moses, Aaron, and the 12 leaders did not count these people. Alternate translation: “those whom Moses, Aaron, and the 12 leaders did not count”

1551:47sspbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorבְּ⁠תוֹכָֽ⁠ם1

Here Moses refers to the Levites not being included in the census as if they were not located in the midst of the other tribes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “together with them”

1561:48ly22rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultוַ⁠יְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה1

And here introduces the reason for what was stated in the previous clause. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate a reason. Alternate translation: “The reason for this is that Yahweh spoke”

1571:48gwjlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotationsלֵּ⁠אמֹֽר1

Here the word saying introduces direct speech that continues until 1:53. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.

1581:49ou10rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionמַטֵּ֤ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

1591:49k39src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomוְ⁠אֶת־רֹאשָׁ֖⁠ם לֹ֣א תִשָּׂ֑א1

See how you translated the similar phrase in 1:2.

1601:49jvdbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarativeלֹ֣א תִשָּׂ֑א1

Here, shall not indicates a negative command. See the discussion of this phrase in the book introduction.

1611:49lh1orc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorבְּ⁠ת֖וֹךְ1

See how you translated the same use of this phrase in 1:47.

1621:49y1o4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

1631:50auuwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingularוְ⁠אַתָּ֡ה1

Here, you is singular. It refers to Moses, so use the singular form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.

1641:50eihhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyמִשְׁכַּ֨ן הָ⁠עֵדֻ֜ת1

The phrase the Dwelling of the Testimony is a common description of the tent that held the Ark of the Covenant, which held the tablets on which were written the Ten Commandments. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the tent holding the ark containing the Ten Commandments”

1651:50dd55rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitעַל & וְ⁠עַ֣ל & וְ⁠עַ֣ל1

Here, over implies having authority and responsibility to take care of the Dwelling of the Testimony and everything in it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to be responsible for … and be responsible for … and be responsible for”

1661:50obm5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionל⁠וֹ֒1

Here Yahweh uses the possessive form to refer to the items that are used in the Dwelling. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “are used in it” or “are related to it”

1671:50c6kkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronounsהֵ֜מָּה יִשְׂא֤וּ & וְ⁠הֵ֖ם יְשָׁרְתֻ֑⁠הוּ1

Yahweh uses the word themselves here to emphasize who would be responsible for the Dwelling of the Testimony and all the items related to it. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this emphasis. Alternate translation: “They are the ones who must carry … and they are the ones who must serve it”

1681:50d0s5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationוְ⁠הֵ֖ם יְשָׁרְתֻ֑⁠הוּ1

Here Yahweh refers to the Levites taking care of the Dwelling of the Testimony as if it were a person whom they serve. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and they themselves must take care of it”

1691:51p4acrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationוּ⁠בִ⁠נְסֹ֣עַ הַ⁠מִּשְׁכָּ֗ן & וּ⁠בַ⁠חֲנֹת֙ הַ⁠מִּשְׁכָּ֔ן1

Here Yahweh refers to the Israelites changing locations along with the Dwelling as if the Dwelling were a person who sets out and camps. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And when the Israelites set out to a new location with the Dwelling … and when the Israelites camp with the Dwelling”

1701:51hpv8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitיוֹרִ֤ידוּ אֹת⁠וֹ֙ & יָקִ֥ימוּ אֹת֖⁠וֹ1

Here, take it down refers to disassembling the Dwelling and raise it up refers to re-assembling it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “must take it apart … must put it back together”

1711:51mhmsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוְ⁠הַ⁠זָּ֥ר1

Here, stranger refers to any person who is not one of the Levites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And anyone other than a Levite” or “And any non-Levite”

1721:51cju9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveיוּמָֽת1

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The context implies that the Levites will do the action. Alternate translation (with a comma preceding): “the Levites must put him to death”

1731:52ssdorc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

1741:52hdjjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomאִ֧ישׁ & וְ⁠אִ֥ישׁ1

In this verse, the phrase a man is a Hebrew idiom that means “each person.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the same use of a man in 1:4. Alternative translation: “each person … and each person”

1751:52gre3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownדִּגְל֖⁠וֹ1

A banner is a flag made out of a large piece of cloth that is attached to the top of a long wooden pole. Each of the tribes of Israel had its own unique banners that identified it. If your readers would not be familiar with this term, you could use the name of something used for a similar purpose in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “and his flag”

1761:52qn3wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלְ⁠צִבְאֹתָֽ⁠ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.

1771:53gctlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלְ⁠מִשְׁכַּ֣ן הָ⁠עֵדֻ֔ת & מִשְׁכַּ֥ן הָ⁠עֵדֽוּת1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:50.

1781:53j1izrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorוְ⁠לֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֣ה קֶ֔צֶף עַל־עֲדַ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל1

Here Yahweh speaks of wrath as if it were an object that could be on a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the congregation of the sons of Israel will not experience wrath”

1791:53qpwbrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultוְ⁠לֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֣ה קֶ֔צֶף1

Here, and introduces the result of obeying the instructions stated in the previous clause. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate results. You may need to start a new sentence. Alternate translation: “which will result in wrath not being” or “If you do this, then wrath will not be”

1801:53c2kvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsוְ⁠לֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֣ה קֶ֔צֶף1

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of wrath, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh will not be wrathful”

1811:53ms44rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyעֲדַ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

1821:53liu3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוְ⁠שָׁמְרוּ֙ הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֔ם אֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת1

In this verse, keep and keeping refer to performing duties to take care of the Dwelling of the Testimony. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And the Levites shall perform duties for”

1831:53skenrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetryוְ⁠שָׁמְרוּ֙ הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֔ם אֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת1

The phrase keep the keeping is a construction in which a verb and its object are related words. You may be able to use the same construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis.

1841:53jwd9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarksהָ⁠עֵדֽוּת1

The direct speech that began in 1:49 ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.

1851:54k71arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

1861:54d8yxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitצִוָּ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֖ה1

It is implied that Yahweh commanded Moses to command the sons of Israel to do those things. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh commanded Moses to command the people to do”

1871:54nt9irc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstoryכֵּ֥ן עָשֽׂוּ1

Here, so indicates that this verse signals the end of a story. The repeated use of did in this story also emphasizes what happened. Use the natural form in your language for expressing the conclusion of a story. Alternate translation: “and that is exactly what they did”

1882:intrown6c0

Numbers 2 General Notes

Structure and Formatting

  1. Preparing to leave Sinai (1:110:10)
    • Counting and assembling the tribes (1:14:49)

This chapter describes the counting of Israelite men who are able to fight in the army.

Special Concepts in this Chapter

Cardinal directions

Yahweh explains how the Israelites will camp in relative to the sacred tent and does so using cardinal directions: north, east, south, and west. These terms describe a persons orientation in relation to the sunrise. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. If one faces the direction of the sunrise and then turns to his right, he is facing south. If, when facing the sunrise, he turns left, he would face north.

1892:1n1k2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarksלֵ⁠אמֹֽר1

Here the word saying introduces direct speech that continues until 2:31. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.

1902:2mdj9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

1912:2q34trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomאִ֣ישׁ עַל־דִּגְל֤⁠וֹ1

See how you translated this clause in 1:52.

1922:2mudlrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownבְ⁠אֹתֹת֙1

Here, sign refers to a some visible object that represented each tribe. This sign is different from the banner because the banner represented a group of three tribes, as mentioned in the next verse. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of symbol, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “with the symbol”

1932:2oha3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֔⁠ם1

See how you translated the house of their fathers in 1:2.

1942:2p14grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitמִ⁠נֶּ֕גֶד סָבִ֥יב לְ⁠אֹֽהֶל־מוֹעֵ֖ד1

Away from the front refers to being at a distance from the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “at a distance away from and around the tent of meeting”

1952:3rps4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוְ⁠הַ⁠חֹנִים֙1

Here, the ones camping to the east refers to three tribes, Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun, as indicated in 2:39. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And the three tribes of Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun, who are camping”

1962:3s1brrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismקֵ֣דְמָ⁠ה מִזְרָ֔חָ⁠ה1

These two phrases mean basically the same thing. If saying the same thing twice might be confusing for your readers, you can combine the phrases into one and state them more plainly, as in the UST.

1972:3wlc3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitקֵ֣דְמָ⁠ה1

Here Yahweh implies that these people are camping to the east of the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to the east of the tent of meeting”

1982:3eqtyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorדֶּ֛גֶל מַחֲנֵ֥ה יְהוּדָ֖ה1

Here Yahweh speaks of the ones camping to the east locating themselves together near the banner of the camp of Judah as if those people were that banner. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will be located near the banner of the camp of Judah” or “will unite themselves under the banner of the camp of Judah”

1992:3abedrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownדֶּ֛גֶל1

See how you translated this word in 1:52.

2002:3po4irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyמַחֲנֵ֥ה יְהוּדָ֖ה1

Here, the camp of Judah refers to the combined people from the tribes of Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun whom Yahweh commanded to stay together as one camp represented by Judah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the camp of Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun represented by Judah”

2012:3hxgprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלְ⁠צִבְאֹתָ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.

2022:3fbomrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:20.

2032:3d4r5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesנַחְשׁ֖וֹן בֶּן־עַמִּינָדָֽב1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:7.

2042:4qqperc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsוּ⁠צְבָא֖⁠וֹ1

Here the pronoun his refers to Nahshon the son of Amminadab, who is called the leader of this army in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and Nahshons army”

2052:4ing6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguishוּ⁠צְבָא֖⁠וֹ וּ⁠פְקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֑ם1

Here, and indicates that this phrase gives further information about his army. It is not making a distinction between his army and their counted ones. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the relationship between these phrases clearer. Alternate translation: “and his army, that is, their counted ones”

2062:4kswarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוּ⁠פְקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֑ם1

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, 1:3 indicates that Moses and Aaron counted these men. Since Yahweh is speaking to Moses and Aaron directly here, you could use the dual or plural form of “you” here, as in the UST.

2072:4wg38rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersאַרְבָּעָ֧ה וְ⁠שִׁבְעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְ⁠שֵׁ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת1

See how you translated this number in 1:27.

2082:5yhgjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsעָלָ֖י⁠ו1

Here the pronoun him refers to the tribe of Judah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “beside the tribe of Judah”

2092:5w9mdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionמַטֵּ֣ה יִשָּׂשכָ֑ר1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:29.

2102:5su53rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י יִשָּׂשכָ֔ר1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:28.

2112:5b9v0rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesנְתַנְאֵ֖ל בֶּן־צוּעָֽר1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:8.

2122:6pvl6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguishוּ⁠צְבָא֖⁠וֹ וּ⁠פְקֻדָ֑י⁠ו1

Here, and indicates that this phrase gives further information about his army. It is not making a distinction between his army and his counted ones. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the relationship between these phrases clearer. Alternate translation: “and his army, that is, his counted ones”

2132:6gf47rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsוּ⁠צְבָא֖⁠וֹ וּ⁠פְקֻדָ֑י⁠ו1

In this verse, the pronoun his refers to Nethanel the son of Zuar, who is called the leader of this army in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and Nethanels army, who are his counted ones”

2142:6i7vprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוּ⁠פְקֻדָ֑י⁠ו1

See how you translated the same use of counted ones in 2:4.

2152:6s8hfrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersאַרְבָּעָ֧ה וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְ⁠אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת1

See how you translated this number in 1:29.

2162:7v5turc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitמַטֵּ֖ה זְבוּלֻ֑ן1

Here Yahweh implied that the tribe of Zebulun would also camp beside the tribe of Judah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “The tribe of Zebulun also camp beside Judah”

2172:7ohwqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionמַטֵּ֖ה זְבוּלֻ֑ן1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:31.

2182:7a457rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י זְבוּלֻ֔ן1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:30.

2192:7ci42rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאֱלִיאָ֖ב בֶּן־חֵלֹֽן1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:9.

2202:8exlxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוּ⁠צְבָא֖⁠וֹ וּ⁠פְקֻדָ֑י⁠ו1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:6.

2212:8fgs1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשִׁבְעָ֧ה וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְ⁠אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת1

See how you translated this number in 1:31.

2222:9thxqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveהַ⁠פְּקֻדִ֞ים1

See how you translated the same use of counted ones in 2:4.

2232:9e32jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלְ⁠מַחֲנֵ֣ה יְהוּדָ֗ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:3.

2242:9p866rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersמְאַ֨ת אֶ֜לֶף וּ⁠שְׁמֹנִ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף וְ⁠שֵֽׁשֶׁת־ אֲלָפִ֥ים וְ⁠אַרְבַּע־ מֵא֖וֹת1

Alternate translation: “one hundred and eighty-six thousand four hundred men”

2252:9cinlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלְ⁠צִבְאֹתָ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.

2262:9za2yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitרִאשֹׁנָ֖ה יִסָּֽעוּ1

The phrase they will set out first refers to the Israelites journeying from one location to another. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “When traveling to a new location, the camp of Judah will start walking first”

2272:9qx0irc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalרִאשֹׁנָ֖ה1

If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “before the other tribes”

2282:10jojxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitדֶּ֣גֶל מַחֲנֵ֧ה רְאוּבֵ֛ן1

Here Yahweh implies that these instructions refer to three tribes, Reuben, Simeon, and Gad, camping together under the banner of Reuben, as indicated in 2:1016. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. See how you translated the similar expression in 2:3. Alternate translation: “The three tribes of Reuben, Simeon, and Gad will unite themselves under the banner of the camp of Reuben and”

2292:10vu2arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitתֵּימָ֖נָ⁠ה1

Here Yahweh implies that these people are camping to the south of the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to the south of the tent of meeting”

2302:10j14jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלְ⁠צִבְאֹתָ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.

2312:10drdnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י רְאוּבֵ֔ן1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:20.

2322:10pe8qrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאֱלִיצ֖וּר בֶּן־שְׁדֵיאֽוּר1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:5.

2332:11r0p4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוּ⁠צְבָא֖⁠וֹ וּ⁠פְקֻדָ֑י⁠ו1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:6.

2342:11nq5xrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשִׁשָּׁ֧ה וְ⁠אַרְבָּעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וַ⁠חֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת1

See how you translated this number in 1:21.

2352:12iv74rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsעָלָ֖י⁠ו1

Here the pronoun him refers to the tribe of Reuben. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “beside the tribe of Reuben”

2362:12oj7irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionמַטֵּ֣ה שִׁמְע֑וֹן1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:23.

2372:12vi3mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י שִׁמְע֔וֹן1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:22.

2382:12xc17rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesשְׁלֻמִיאֵ֖ל בֶּן־צוּרִֽי־שַׁדָּֽי1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:6.

2392:13d1eorc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוּ⁠צְבָא֖⁠וֹ וּ⁠פְקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֑ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:4.

2402:13qb5qrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersתִּשְׁעָ֧ה וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּ⁠שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת1

See how you translated this number in 1:23.

2412:14f089rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוְ⁠מַטֵּ֖ה גָּ֑ד1

Here Yahweh implied that the tribe of Gad would also camp beside the tribe of Reuben. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And the tribe of Gad must also camp beside Reuben”

2422:14dqp1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionוְ⁠מַטֵּ֖ה גָּ֑ד1

See how you translated the tribe of Gad in 1:14.

2432:14cyterc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י גָ֔ד1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:24.

2442:14uxf8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאֶלְיָסָ֖ף בֶּן־רְעוּאֵֽל1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:14.

2452:15j539rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוּ⁠צְבָא֖⁠וֹ וּ⁠פְקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֑ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:4.

2462:15cd9vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersחֲמִשָּׁ֤ה וְ⁠אַרְבָּעִים֙ אֶ֔לֶף וְ⁠שֵׁ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וַ⁠חֲמִשִּֽׁים1

See how you translated this number in 1:25.

2472:16tqanrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveכָּֽל־הַ⁠פְּקֻדִ֞ים לְ⁠מַחֲנֵ֣ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:9.

2482:16sz9mrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersמְאַ֨ת אֶ֜לֶף וְ⁠אֶחָ֨ד וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף וְ⁠אַרְבַּע־ מֵא֥וֹת וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים1

Alternate translation: “are one hundred and fifty-one thousand four hundred and fifty”

2492:16q650rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלְ⁠צִבְאֹתָ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.

2502:16ti9zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוּ⁠שְׁנִיִּ֖ם יִסָּֽעוּ1

See how you translated set out in 2:9.

2512:16yg28rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalוּ⁠שְׁנִיִּ֖ם יִסָּֽעוּ1

If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “And they will set out after camp 1” or “And they will set out after Judahs camp”

2522:17a2emrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationוְ⁠נָסַ֧ע אֹֽהֶל־מוֹעֵ֛ד1

Here Yahweh refers to the Israelites changing locations along with the tent of meeting as if the tent of meeting were a person who will set out with them. See how you translated the same use of “sets out” in 1:51.

2532:17k353rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyמַחֲנֵ֥ה הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֖ם1

Here, the camp of the Levites refers to the people who descended from Levi and set up their tents together. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “with the camp of the people who descended from Levi”

2542:17b2zirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitבְּ⁠ת֣וֹךְ הַֽ⁠מַּחֲנֹ֑ת1

This phrase means that the tent of meeting and the camp of the Levites will travel between the camps described in 2:316 and the camps described in 2:1831. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “between one group of camps and the other group of camps”

2552:17hja8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsכַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֤ר יַחֲנוּ֙ כֵּ֣ן יִסָּ֔עוּ & לְ⁠דִגְלֵי⁠הֶֽם1

Here, they and their refer to all the Israelite tribes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “As all the Israelites came so will they set out … according to the banners of their tribes”

2562:17ztvrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitכַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֤ר יַחֲנוּ֙ כֵּ֣ן יִסָּ֔עוּ1

Here, came refers to arriving at a location and set out refers to leaving a location. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. See how you translated the same use of set out in 2:9. Alternate translation: “As they arrive in a location so will they depart from that location”

2572:17donyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomאִ֥ישׁ עַל־יָד֖⁠וֹ1

This phrase is an idiom that means “each person in his own position.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “each person in his own position”

2582:17oy1nrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownלְ⁠דִגְלֵי⁠הֶֽם1

See how you translated “banner” in 1:52.

2592:18y3jfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitדֶּ֣גֶל מַחֲנֵ֥ה אֶפְרַ֛יִם לְ⁠צִבְאֹתָ֖⁠ם1

Here Yahweh implies that these instructions refer to three tribes, Ephraim, Manasseh, and Benjamin, camping together under the banner of Ephraim, as indicated in 2:1824. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. See how you translated the similar expression in 2:10. Alternate translation: “The three tribes of Ephraim, Manasseh, and Benjamin will unite themselves under the banner of the camp of Ephraim according to their armies and”

2602:18j9f0rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלְ⁠צִבְאֹתָ֖⁠ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.

2612:18o2g1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitיָ֑מָּ⁠ה1

Here Yahweh implies that these people are camping to the west of the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “will be to the west of the tent of meeting”

2622:18cuxurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י אֶפְרַ֔יִם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:32.

2632:18yat8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאֱלִישָׁמָ֖ע בֶּן־עַמִּיהֽוּד1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:10.

2642:19r0curc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוּ⁠צְבָא֖⁠וֹ וּ⁠פְקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֑ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:4.

2652:19ai8drc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersאַרְבָּעִ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף וַ⁠חֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת1

See how you translated this number in 1:33.

2662:20hfuurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsוְ⁠עָלָ֖י⁠ו1

Here the pronoun him refers to the tribe of Ephraim. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And beside the tribe of Ephraim”

2672:20yw3brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionמַטֵּ֣ה מְנַשֶּׁ֑ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:35.

2682:20v8ydrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י מְנַשֶּׁ֔ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:34.

2692:20f7iorc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesגַּמְלִיאֵ֖ל בֶּן־פְּדָהצֽוּר1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:11.

2702:21k0svrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוּ⁠צְבָא֖⁠וֹ וּ⁠פְקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֑ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:4.

2712:21jw5grc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשְׁנַ֧יִם וּ⁠שְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּ⁠מָאתָֽיִם1

See how you translated this number in 1:35.

2722:22od4irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוּ⁠מַטֵּ֖ה בִּנְיָמִ֑ן1

Here Yahweh implied that the tribe of Benjamin would also camp beside the tribe of Ephraim. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “The tribe of Benjamin also must camp beside Ephraim”

2732:22mm2xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionוּ⁠מַטֵּ֖ה בִּנְיָמִ֑ן1

See how you translated the tribe of Benjamin in 1:37.

2742:22ec2mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י בִנְיָמִ֔ן1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:36.

2752:22v4w1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאֲבִידָ֖ן בֶּן־גִּדְעֹנִֽי1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:11.

2762:23ls5erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisוּ⁠צְבָא֖⁠וֹ וּ⁠פְקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֑ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:4.

2772:23w7surc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersחֲמִשָּׁ֧ה וּ⁠שְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְ⁠אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת1

See how you translated this number in 1:37.

2782:24sh4prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveכָּֽל־הַ⁠פְּקֻדִ֞ים לְ⁠מַחֲנֵ֣ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:9.

2792:24ft3hrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersמְאַ֥ת אֶ֛לֶף וּ⁠שְׁמֹֽנַת־ אֲלָפִ֥ים וּ⁠מֵאָ֖ה1

Alternate translation: “are one hundred and eight thousand one hundred”

2802:24vo4rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלְ⁠צִבְאֹתָ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.

2812:24bpqvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוּ⁠שְׁלִשִׁ֖ים יִסָּֽעוּ1

See how you translated set out in 2:9.

2822:24jd35rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalוּ⁠שְׁלִשִׁ֖ים יִסָּֽעוּ1

If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “And they will set out after camp 2” or “And they will set out after Reubens camp”

2832:25c897rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitדֶּ֣גֶל מַחֲנֵ֥ה דָ֛ן1

Here Yahweh implies that these instructions refer to three tribes, Dan, Asher, and Naphthali, camping together under the banner of Dan, as indicated in 2:2531. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. See how you translated the similar expression in 2:3. Alternate translation: “The three tribes of Dan, Asher, and Naphthali will unite themselves under the banner of the camp of Dan and”

2842:25p70mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitצָפֹ֖נָ⁠ה1

Here Yahweh implies that these people are camping to the north of the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to the north of the tent of meeting”

2852:25j9fsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלְ⁠צִבְאֹתָ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.

2862:25x5gyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י דָ֔ן1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:38.

2872:25v1i0rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאֲחִיעֶ֖זֶר בֶּן־עַמִּֽישַׁדָּֽי1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:12.

2882:26qyuirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוּ⁠צְבָא֖⁠וֹ וּ⁠פְקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֑ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:4.

2892:26bk5erc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשְׁנַ֧יִם וְ⁠שִׁשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּ⁠שְׁבַ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת1

See how you translated this number in 1:39.

2902:27aesmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsעָלָ֖י⁠ו1

Here the pronoun him refers to the tribe of Dan. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “beside the tribe of Dan”

2912:27puntrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionמַטֵּ֣ה אָשֵׁ֑ר1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:41.

2922:27lrtprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י אָשֵׁ֔ר1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:40.

2932:27f852rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesפַּגְעִיאֵ֖ל בֶּן־עָכְרָֽן1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:13.

2942:28wyu0rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוּ⁠צְבָא֖⁠וֹ וּ⁠פְקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֑ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:4.

2952:28ye8hrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersאֶחָ֧ד וְ⁠אַרְבָּעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וַ⁠חֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת1

See how you translated this number in 1:41.

2962:29in94rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוּ⁠מַטֵּ֖ה נַפְתָּלִ֑י1

Here Yahweh implied that the tribe of Naphtali would also camp beside the tribe of Dan. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “The tribe of Naphtali also must camp beside Dan”

2972:29ovjkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionוּ⁠מַטֵּ֖ה נַפְתָּלִ֑י1

See how you translated the tribe of Naphtali in 1:43.

2982:29vd0yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י נַפְתָּלִ֔י1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:42.

2992:29g9h9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאֲחִירַ֖ע בֶּן־עֵינָֽן1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:15.

3002:30n9nsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוּ⁠צְבָא֖⁠וֹ וּ⁠פְקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֑ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:4.

3012:30l1yorc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשְׁלֹשָׁ֧ה וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְ⁠אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת1

See how you translated this number in 1:43.

3022:31y0uerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveכָּל־הַ⁠פְּקֻדִים֙ לְ⁠מַ֣חֲנֵה1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:9.

3032:31m5mkrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersמְאַ֣ת אֶ֗לֶף וְ⁠שִׁבְעָ֧ה וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְ⁠שֵׁ֣שׁ מֵא֑וֹת1

Alternate translation: “are one hundred and fifty-seven thousand six hundred”

3042:31o8phrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitיִסְע֖וּ1

See how you translated set out in 2:9.

3052:31iupxrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownלְ⁠דִגְלֵי⁠הֶֽם1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:17.

3062:31gah9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarksלְ⁠דִגְלֵי⁠הֶֽם1

The direct speech that began in 2:2 ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.

3072:32ifg9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקוּדֵ֥י & פְּקוּדֵ֤י1

See how you translated the same use of counted ones in 1:46.

3082:32mdnzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

3092:32zjs1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

3102:32qn3hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלְ⁠צִבְאֹתָ֔⁠ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.

3112:32a1g3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשֵׁשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת אֶ֨לֶף֙ וּ⁠שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֔ים וַ⁠חֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וַ⁠חֲמִשִּֽׁים1

See how you translated this number in 1:46.

3122:33eju2rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrastוְ⁠הַ֨⁠לְוִיִּ֔ם לֹ֣א הָתְפָּקְד֔וּ1

And introduces a contrast to what was expected. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “But they did not count the Levites”

3132:33thndrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsלֹ֣א הָתְפָּקְד֔וּ1

Here, they refers to Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST.

3142:33te2mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitבְּ⁠ת֖וֹךְ1

See how you translated the same use of in the midst of in 1:47.

3152:33s0nwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

3162:34hmehrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstoryוַֽ⁠יַּעֲשׂ֖וּ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כְּ֠⁠כֹל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֨ה יְהוָ֜ה אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֗ה1

See how you translated this clause in 1:54.

3172:34l33zrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownלְ⁠דִגְלֵי⁠הֶם֙1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:17.

3182:34rc4wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitנָסָ֔עוּ1

See how you translated set out in 2:9.

3192:34yzgjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomאִ֥ישׁ1

See how you translated the same use of a man in 1:52.

3202:34b8x2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖י⁠ו עַל־בֵּ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽי⁠ו1

See how you translated the similar phrases in 1:2.

3213:introd7r10

Numbers 3 General Notes

Structure and Formatting

  1. Preparing to leave Sinai (1:110:10)
    • Counting and assembling the tribes (1:14:49)

This chapter describes the counting of Levite men and their assignments for taking care of the tent of meeting.

Special Concepts in this Chapter

The tribe of Levi

The Levites had a special role in Israel. They were specially dedicated to serve Yahweh by offering sacrifices in the tent of meeting and taking care of that tent and everything involved in the system of sacrifices. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])

Ransom

In 3:4551, Yahweh requires the Israelites to pay a ransom to him for the firstborn males that he did not kill during the tenth plague in Egypt, as described in Exodus 12:29 and 13:15. Because Yahweh did not kill the firstborn male people and animals among the Israelites, he considered them to owe him their lives. Instead of taking their lives, Yahweh chose the Levite men to be his special servants in their place. However, the number of Levites was 273 people less than the number of firstborn males, so Yahweh required the people to pay money to him to redeem those additional people. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/ransom]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/redeem]])

3223:1h3gerc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-neweventוְ⁠אֵ֛לֶּה1

And here introduces a new event that happened separately from the events described in the previous chapter. Use the natural form in your language for introducing a new event. Alternate translation: “Now these”

3233:1z6cjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomבְּ⁠י֗וֹם1

In this context, day does not refer to one specific day, but rather, to a more general time, as in the UST.

3243:2r7t6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesנָדָ֑ב וַ⁠אֲבִיה֕וּא אֶלְעָזָ֖ר וְ⁠אִיתָמָֽר1

Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar are names of men.

3253:3ta14rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfoאֵ֗לֶּה שְׁמוֹת֙ בְּנֵ֣י אַהֲרֹ֔ן1

Since this clause is repeated from the previous verse, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here. Alternate translation (with no comma following): “They are”

3263:3tbudrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguishהַ⁠מְּשֻׁחִ֑ים אֲשֶׁר־מִלֵּ֥א יָדָ֖⁠ם1

These clauses give further information about the priests. It is not making a distinction between the priests and the ones who were anointed or whose hand he filled. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the relationship between these phrases clearer. Alternate translation: “that is, the ones who were anointed and whose hand he filled”

3273:3n7wwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveהַ⁠מְּשֻׁחִ֑ים אֲשֶׁר־מִלֵּ֥א יָדָ֖⁠ם1

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. According to Leviticus 8:30, Moses anointed these men. Alternate translation: “the ones whom Moses anointed and whose hands he filled”

3283:3tvyfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnounאֲשֶׁר־מִלֵּ֥א יָדָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠כַהֵֽן1

Although he and priest are singular, here they refer to the priests in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “whose hands he filled to serve as priests”

3293:3ynh3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomאֲשֶׁר־מִלֵּ֥א יָדָ֖⁠ם1

The expression hand he filled is an idiom that means to induct someone into the ministry and responsibilities of the priesthood. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “whom he dedicated”

3303:4q61frc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrastוַ⁠יָּ֣מָת נָדָ֣ב וַ⁠אֲבִיה֣וּא1

And introduces a contrast to what was stated in the previous verses. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “But Nadab died and Abihu”

3313:4tb0orc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructureוַ⁠יָּ֣מָת נָדָ֣ב וַ⁠אֲבִיה֣וּא1

If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these words. Alternate translation: “And Nadab and Abihu died”

3323:4xts3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesנָדָ֣ב וַ⁠אֲבִיה֣וּא & וְ⁠אִ֣יתָמָ֔ר1

See how you translated these names in 3:2.

3333:4y1lmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלִ⁠פְנֵ֣י & לִ⁠פְנֵ֤י & פְּנֵ֖י1

Here the word face represents the presence of a person by association with the way people can see the face of someone who is present. Although Yahweh is present everywhere, he was uniquely present in a powerful way in the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before the presence of … before the presence of … the presence of”

3343:4w613rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyאֵ֨שׁ זָרָ֜ה1

Here, fire refers to burning coals that Nadab and Abihu used to smolder the incense and cause it to smoke, as indicated the the account of this event in Leviticus 10:1. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly, as in the UST.

3353:4z49nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitאֵ֨שׁ זָרָ֜ה1

The phrase unfamiliar fire indicates that something about the burning coals, the incense burned on them, or the manner in which Nadab and Abihu offered that incense was not according the Yahwehs instructions for offering incense. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “unauthorized fire” or “prohibited fire”

3363:4pgh3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownבְּ⁠מִדְבַּ֣ר סִינַ֔י1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:1.

3373:4yaatrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomוּ⁠בָנִ֖ים לֹא־הָי֣וּ לָ⁠הֶ֑ם1

This phrase indicates that Nadab and Abihu did not have any sons who could take over their work in the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and they had no sons”

3383:4hyg5rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultוַ⁠יְכַהֵ֤ן אֶלְעָזָר֙ וְ⁠אִ֣יתָמָ֔ר1

And here indicates that what follows is a result of what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a result of what came before. Alternate translation: “As a result, Eleazar served as priest and Ithamar”

3393:4ofcerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructureוַ⁠יְכַהֵ֤ן אֶלְעָזָר֙ וְ⁠אִ֣יתָמָ֔ר1

This phrase indicates that both Eleazar and Ithamar were priests. If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these words to make this clear. Alternate translation: “And Eleazar and Ithamar served as priests”

3403:5bncyrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-neweventוַ⁠יְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה1

And here introduces a new event that happened separately from the event described in the previous verse, but not after that event. Use the natural form in your language for introducing a new event. Alternate translation: “Now Yahweh spoke”

3413:5gjberc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarksלֵּ⁠אמֹֽר1

Here, the word saying introduces direct speech that begins in the next verse and continues until 3:10. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.

3423:6e8enrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionמַטֵּ֣ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

3433:6grnyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsאֹת֔⁠וֹ1

Here, it refers to all the men of the tribe of Levi. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “them”

3443:6do5grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלִ⁠פְנֵ֖י1

See how you translated the same use of this phrase in 3:4.

3453:7rwptrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetryוְ⁠שָׁמְר֣וּ אֶת־מִשְׁמַרְתּ֗⁠וֹ וְ⁠אֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֨רֶת֙1

In this verse, keep and keeping refer to performing duties for Aaron and all the congregation. The word keeping occurs twice as an emphatic construction in which a verb and its object are related words. See how you translated the similar phrase “keep the keeping” in 1:53.

3463:7vax8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionוְ⁠שָׁמְר֣וּ אֶת־מִשְׁמַרְתּ֗⁠וֹ וְ⁠אֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֨רֶת֙ כָּל־הָ֣⁠עֵדָ֔ה1

Here Yahweh uses the possessive forms his and of to indicate that the Levites were supposed to perform their duties for the benefit of Aaron and all the congregation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “And they shall perform duties for him and for all the congregation”

3473:7jgrnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationלִ⁠פְנֵ֖י1

Here Yahweh refers to working in the presence of the tent of meeting as if the tent were a person with a face. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in the presence of”

3483:7nfulrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetryלַ⁠עֲבֹ֖ד אֶת־עֲבֹדַ֥ת1

The phrase serve the service is a construction in which a verb and its object are related words. You may be able to use the same construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis.

3493:7g965rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלַ⁠עֲבֹ֖ד1

Here, to indicates that what follows is the means by which the Levites help Aaron and all the congregation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “by means of serving”

3503:7nplqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns1
3513:8zdb4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוְ⁠שָׁמְר֗וּ1

Here, keep refers to taking care of these vessels. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And they shall care for”

3523:8cj2zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionכְּלֵי֙ אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֔ד1

Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe vessels that were used in the tent of meeting. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the vessels that are used in the tent of meeting”

3533:8da22rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitמִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת1

See how you translated the same use of keeping in the phrase “the keeping of all the congregation” in the previous verse.

3543:8jlf7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

3553:8pkf3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלַ⁠עֲבֹ֖ד אֶת־עֲבֹדַ֥ת הַ⁠מִּשְׁכָּֽן1

See how you translated this phrase in the previous verse.

3563:9j739rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorוְ⁠נָתַתָּה֙ אֶת־הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֔ם & נְתוּנִ֨ם נְתוּנִ֥ם1

Here Yahweh speaks of Moses assigning the Levites to serve Aaron and his family as if the Levites were objects that could be given to Aaron and to his sons. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And you shall order the Levites to serve … are ordered to serve, ordered to serve”

3573:9krewrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingularוְ⁠נָתַתָּה֙1

Here, you is singular and refers to Moses. See how you translated the same use of you in 1:3.

3583:9p7wdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarativeוְ⁠נָתַתָּה֙1

Here, shall indicates a command. See how you translated the same use of shall in 1:3.

3593:9pi6src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyוּ⁠לְ⁠בָנָ֑י⁠ו1

Here, sons refers to male descendants. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and to his male descendants”

3603:9rdcmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveנְתוּנִ֨ם נְתוּנִ֥ם הֵ֨מָּה֙1

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I have given them, given them”

3613:9jtofrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplicationנְתוּנִ֨ם נְתוּנִ֥ם הֵ֨מָּה֙1

Yahweh is repeating the word given in order to intensify the idea that it expresses. If your language can repeat words for intensification, it would be appropriate to do that here in your translation. If not, your language may have another way of expressing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “They are wholly given”

3623:9hn5erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsל֔⁠וֹ1

Here, him refers to Aaron and his descendants. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to Aaron and his descendants”

3633:9oz3grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

3643:10nnstrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarativeתִּפְקֹ֔ד1

See how you translated the same use of you shall in the previous verse.

3653:10p0fmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyוְ⁠אֶת־בָּנָי⁠ו֙1

See how you translated the same use of his sons in the previous verse.

3663:10zr9nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוְ⁠שָׁמְר֖וּ1

See how you translated the same use of keep in 3:7.

3673:10td9prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyאֶת־כְּהֻנָּתָ֑⁠ם1

Here, their priesthood refers to all the duties that members of the priesthood must perform. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “their priestly duties”

3683:10ftw6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוְ⁠הַ⁠זָּ֥ר הַ⁠קָּרֵ֖ב יוּמָֽת1

See how you translated this sentence in 1:51.

3693:10t83urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarksיוּמָֽת1

The direct speech that began in 3:6 ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.

3703:11wos4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarksוַ⁠יְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּ⁠אמֹֽר1

See how you translated this clause in 3:5.

3713:12pcu8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletוַ⁠אֲנִ֞י הִנֵּ֧ה לָקַ֣חְתִּי1

Here Yahweh repeats I to emphasize that he is the one who has chosen the Levites instead of every firstborn. If your language can repeat words for intensification, it would be appropriate to do that here in your translation. If not, your language may have another way of expressing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “And behold, I myself have taken”

3723:12ns85rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorהִנֵּ֧ה1

Yahweh is using the term behold to focus Mosess attention on what he is about to say. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation. Alternate translation: “listen”

3733:12t07qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלָקַ֣חְתִּי אֶת־הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֗ם מִ⁠תּוֹךְ֙1

Here Yahweh speaks of choosing the Levites instead of every firstborn as if he took them from the midst of the sons of Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I have selected the Levites from”

3743:12hjxprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל & מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל1

See how you translated the sons of Israel in 1:2.

3753:12j9z2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלָקַ֣חְתִּי אֶת־הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֗ם1

Here Yahweh implies that he has taken the Levites to serve him at the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “I have taken the Levites to minister to me in the tent of meeting”

3763:12ths1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletבְּכ֛וֹר פֶּ֥טֶר רֶ֖חֶם1

The word firstborn and the the opening of the womb refer to the same thing. Yahweh is using these together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase, as in the UST.

3773:12nx8krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitבְּכ֛וֹר1

Here, firstborn refers to firstborn males. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “firstborn son”

3783:12zz28rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultוְ⁠הָ֥יוּ לִ֖⁠י הַ⁠לְוִיִּֽם1

Here, and indicates that what follows is the result of what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a result of what came before. You may want to start a new sentence. Alternate translation: “As a result, the Levites are for me”

3793:13slyzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitבְּכוֹר֒ & בְּכ֜וֹר & בְּכוֹר֙1

See how you translated the same use of firstborn in the previous verse.

3803:13n4ljrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomבְּ⁠יוֹם֩1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:1.

3813:13gdxzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyהַכֹּתִ֨⁠י1

The phrase striking down refers to killing someone, which often involved striking someone so that the person falls down when he dies. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “my slaying”

3823:13ex6yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּ⁠יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל1

Here, Israel refers to the people who descended from Israel. See the discussion of this in the book introduction.

3833:13es50rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenounsבְּהֵמָ֑ה1

The word livestock is singular in form, but it refers to all domesticated animals as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “domesticated animals”

3843:13eotorc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsלִ֥⁠י יִהְי֖וּ1

They here refers to every firstborn in Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “All the firstborn in Israel are for me”

3853:14mxhhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarksוַ⁠יְדַבֵּ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה בְּ⁠מִדְבַּ֥ר סִינַ֖י לֵ⁠אמֹֽר1

See how you translated the similar clause in 1:1.

3863:15e8ffrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵ֣י לֵוִ֔י1

Here, the sons of Levi refers specifically to the male descendants of Levi. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the male descendants of Levi”

3873:15n8dzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלְ⁠בֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated these clauses in 1:2.

3883:15shw0rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfoתִּפְקְדֵֽ⁠ם1

Since this clause is repeated from the previous sentence, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here and combine this sentence with the previous sentence.

3893:15hhvyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomכָּל־זָכָ֛ר מִ⁠בֶּן־חֹ֥דֶשׁ וָ⁠מַ֖עְלָ⁠ה1

See how you translated the similar clause in 1:20.

3903:16mn2arc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultוַ⁠יִּפְקֹ֥ד אֹתָ֛⁠ם מֹשֶׁ֖ה1

And here introduces the result of obeying the instructions stated in the previous clause. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate results. Alternate translation: “As a result, Moses counted them”

3913:16b96wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismעַל־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה כַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֖ר צֻוָּֽה1

These two clauses mean similar things. Moses is using repetition to emphasize the idea that the clauses express. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine the phrases and express the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “exactly in accordance with what Yahweh had commanded”

3923:16z0iirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyפִּ֣י1

Here, mouth refers to what Yahweh said, which a person would do by using his mouth. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the speech of”

3933:16rt9grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveצֻוָּֽה1

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh commanded him”

3943:18kcf7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

3953:19wuqvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

3963:20cow3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

3973:20aeonrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfoאֵ֥לֶּה הֵ֛ם מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת1

Since what they refers to is stated in the next phrase, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here. Alternate translation: “These are the clans of”

3983:20aufurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitמִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת הַ⁠לֵּוִ֖י1

Here, clans refers to the three clans that descended from Levis three sons. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the three clans founded by the sons of Levi”

3993:20g9jnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלְ⁠בֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽ⁠ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

4003:21cv91rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלְ⁠גֵ֣רְשׁ֔וֹן1

See how you translated the same use of Of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.

4013:21hr6src://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesהַ⁠לִּבְנִ֔י & הַ⁠שִּׁמְעִ֑י & הַ⁠גֵּרְשֻׁנִּֽי1

Libnite refers to the people who descended from Libni, Shimeite refers to the people who descended from Shimei, and Gershonite refers to the people who descended from Gershon. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST.

4023:21j3idrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfoאֵ֣לֶּה הֵ֔ם1

See how you translated this clause in the previous verse.

4033:22a8rlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקֻדֵי⁠הֶם֙ & פְּקֻ֣דֵי⁠הֶ֔ם1

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, 3:16 indicates that Moses counted these men. Alternate translation: “Those whom Moses counted … those whom Moses counted”

4043:22qjoirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfoפְּקֻדֵי⁠הֶם֙ בְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֣ר כָּל־זָכָ֔ר מִ⁠בֶּן־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וָ⁠מָ֑עְלָ⁠ה פְּקֻ֣דֵי⁠הֶ֔ם שִׁבְעַ֥ת אֲלָפִ֖ים וַ⁠חֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת1

Since the same idea of their counted ones is repeated later in the verse, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here. You may need to change the order of the clauses in the sentence. Alternate translation: “Their counted ones were 7,500 by the number of every male from a son of a month and upward”

4053:22jre1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomכָּל־זָכָ֔ר מִ⁠בֶּן־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וָ⁠מָ֑עְלָ⁠ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:15.

4063:22rd1erc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשִׁבְעַ֥ת אֲלָפִ֖ים וַ⁠חֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת1

Alternate translation: “were seventy-five hundred” or “were seven thousand five hundred”

4073:23v6y8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesמִשְׁפְּחֹ֖ת הַ⁠גֵּרְשֻׁנִּ֑י1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:21.

4083:23zdtarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitיָֽמָּ⁠ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:18.

4093:24lkexrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבֵֽית־אָ֖ב1

See how you translated the similar phrase in 1:2.

4103:24s06irc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesלַ⁠גֵּרְשֻׁנִּ֑י1

See how you translated this phrase is in the previous verse.

4113:24z5w4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאֶלְיָסָ֖ף & לָאֵֽל1

Eliasaph and Lael are names of men.

4123:25vmdzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוּ⁠מִשְׁמֶ֤רֶת1

Here, the keeping refers to the responsibility to take care of the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. See how you translated the similar use of keeping in 1:53. Alternate translation: “And the responsibility of”

4133:25l841rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵֽי־גֵרְשׁוֹן֙1

Here, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.

4143:25j3mirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitהַ⁠מִּשְׁכָּ֖ן וְ⁠הָ⁠אֹ֑הֶל1

Here, and indicates that what follows are different items included with the Dwelling. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the Dwelling, which includes the tent”

4153:26una5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוְ⁠קַלְעֵ֣י הֶֽ⁠חָצֵ֗ר1

The phrase hangings of the courtyard refers to the curtains that were used to form a fence around the courtyard, as described in Exodus 27:915. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and the curtains hanging around the courtyard”

4163:26xx8urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnounוְ⁠אֵת֙ מֵֽיתָרָ֔י⁠ו לְ⁠כֹ֖ל עֲבֹדָתֽ⁠וֹ1

In this clause, the word its represents the previously mentioned parts of the tent of meeting in general, not one particular part of it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “and their ropes for all their service”

4173:26zgv4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsלְ⁠כֹ֖ל עֲבֹדָתֽ⁠וֹ1

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of service, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “for all that serves it” or “for all maintaining of it”

4183:27v53arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionוְ⁠לִ⁠קְהָ֗ת מִשְׁפַּ֤חַת הַֽ⁠עַמְרָמִי֙ וּ⁠מִשְׁפַּ֣חַת הַ⁠יִּצְהָרִ֔י וּ⁠מִשְׁפַּ֨חַת֙ הַֽ⁠חֶבְרֹנִ֔י וּ⁠מִשְׁפַּ֖חַת הָֽ⁠עָזִּיאֵלִ֑י אֵ֥לֶּה הֵ֖ם מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת הַ⁠קְּהָתִֽי1

See how you translated the similar clauses in 3:21.

4193:27h7g7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesוְ⁠לִ⁠קְהָ֗ת1

See how you translated Kohath in 3:17.

4203:27w72brc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesהַֽ⁠עַמְרָמִי֙ & הַ⁠יִּצְהָרִ֔י & הַֽ⁠חֶבְרֹנִ֔י & הָֽ⁠עָזִּיאֵלִ֑י & הַ⁠קְּהָתִֽי1

Amramite refers to the people who descended from Amram, Izharite refers to the people who descended from Izhar, Hebronite refers to the people who descended from Hebron, Uzzielite refers to the people who descended from Uzziel, and Kohathite refers to the people who descended from Kohath. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST.

4213:28t7j7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomבְּ⁠מִסְפַּר֙ כָּל־זָכָ֔ר מִ⁠בֶּן־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וָ⁠מָ֑עְלָ⁠ה1

See how you translated this clause in 3:22.

4223:28isl5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשְׁמֹנַ֤ת אֲלָפִים֙ וְ⁠שֵׁ֣שׁ מֵא֔וֹת1

Alternate translation: “eight thousand six hundred males”

4233:28b3cgrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetryשֹׁמְרֵ֖י מִשְׁמֶ֥רֶת1

See how you translated the similar phrase in 1:53.

4243:29xjp1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyתֵּימָֽנָ⁠ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:10.

4253:30nwhwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבֵֽית־אָ֖ב1

See how you translated the similar phrase in 1:2.

4263:30e5m3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאֶלִיצָפָ֖ן בֶּן־עֻזִּיאֵֽל1

Elizaphan and Uzziel are names of men.

4273:31i5y8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוּ⁠מִשְׁמַרְתָּ֗⁠ם1

See how you translated the same use of keeping in 3:25.

4283:31n0mcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnounעֲבֹדָתֽ⁠וֹ1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:26.

4293:32t441rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisפְּקֻדַּ֕ת1

Moses is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “he had the oversight”

4303:32w6pirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsפְּקֻדַּ֕ת1

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of oversight, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “overseeing”

4313:32ow78rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetryשֹׁמְרֵ֖י מִשְׁמֶ֥רֶת הַ⁠קֹּֽדֶשׁ1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:28.

4323:33a11mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionלִ⁠מְרָרִ֕י מִשְׁפַּ֨חַת֙ הַ⁠מַּחְלִ֔י וּ⁠מִשְׁפַּ֖חַת הַ⁠מּוּשִׁ֑י אֵ֥לֶּה הֵ֖ם מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת מְרָרִֽי1

See how you translated the similar clauses in 3:21.

4333:33r9tzrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesלִ⁠מְרָרִ֕י & מְרָרִֽי1

See how you translated this name in 3:17.

4343:33gw6erc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesהַ⁠מַּחְלִ֔י & הַ⁠מּוּשִׁ֑י1

Mahlite refers to the people who descended from Mahli and Mushite refers to the people who descended from Mushi. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST.

4353:34sjg6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוּ⁠פְקֻדֵי⁠הֶם֙ בְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֣ר כָּל־זָכָ֔ר מִ⁠בֶּן־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וָ⁠מָ֑עְלָ⁠ה1

See how you translated this clause in 3:22.

4363:34ac3xrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשֵׁ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים וּ⁠מָאתָֽיִם1

Alternate translation: “were six thousand two hundred”

4373:35xag4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyוּ⁠נְשִׂ֤יא בֵֽית־אָב֙ לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹ֣ת1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:30.

4383:35wckrrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesצוּרִיאֵ֖ל & אֲבִיחָ֑יִל1

Zuriel and Abihail are names of men.

4393:35y9rfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitצָפֹֽנָ⁠ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 2:25.

4403:36vpdqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsוּ⁠פְקֻדַּ֣ת1

See how you translated the abstract noun oversight in 3:32.

4413:36y9hgrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitמִשְׁמֶרֶת֮1

See how you translated the same use of keeping in 3:25.

4423:36s58rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵ֣י מְרָרִי֒1

Here, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.

4433:36v1snrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownקַרְשֵׁי֙1

Here, frames refers to open wooden structures made to hold the curtains. If a translation is available in your language, see how it translates this term in Exodus 26:15.

4443:36d511rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownוּ⁠בְרִיחָ֖י⁠ו1

The crossbars are horizontal support beams that give stability to the structure. If a translation is available in your language, see how it translates this term in Exodus 26:26.

4453:36d6mzrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownוַ⁠אֲדָנָ֑י⁠ו1

These bases were silver blocks that had a slot in them to keep the board in place and off the ground. If a translation is available in your language, see how it translates this term in Exodus 26:19.

4463:36m5e9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsוְ⁠כֹ֖ל עֲבֹדָתֽ⁠וֹ1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:31.

4473:37rg94rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוְ⁠עַמֻּדֵ֧י הֶ⁠חָצֵ֛ר1

The phrase the pillars of the courtyard refers to the bronze posts that were used to form a fence around the courtyard, as described in Exodus 27:915. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and the posts around the courtyard”

4483:37x3i8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownוְ⁠אַדְנֵי⁠הֶ֑ם וִ⁠יתֵדֹתָ֖⁠ם וּ⁠מֵֽיתְרֵי⁠הֶֽם1

Here, bases, pegs, and ropes refer to the items used to secure the pillars and curtains of the courtyard fence into place. If a translation is available in your language, see how it translates this term in Exodus 27:919.

4493:38hj8grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationלִ⁠פְנֵ֣י & לִ⁠פְנֵי֩1

See how you translated the same use of this phrase in 3:7.

4503:38i8cnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismלִ⁠פְנֵ֣י הַ⁠מִּשְׁכָּ֡ן קֵ֣דְמָ⁠ה לִ⁠פְנֵי֩ אֹֽהֶל־מוֹעֵ֨ד ׀ מִזְרָ֜חָ⁠ה1

These two clauses mean basically the same thing. Moses is using the two clauses together for emphasize that the descendants of Moses and Aaron camped in an honored place nearest to the Dwelling. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine the phrases and express the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “nearest to the front of the eastern side of the tent of meeting”

4513:38t3vwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyוּ⁠בָנָ֗י⁠ו1

Here, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.

4523:38e1frrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetryשֹֽׁמְרִים֙ מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת הַ⁠מִּקְדָּ֔שׁ1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:28.

4533:38tda3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלְ⁠מִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל1

See how you translated the keeping of the sons of Israel in 3:8.

4543:38bd3src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוְ⁠הַ⁠זָּ֥ר הַ⁠קָּרֵ֖ב יוּמָֽת1

See how you translated this sentence in 1:51.

4553:39h8birc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveכָּל־פְּקוּדֵ֨י & אֲשֶׁר֩ פָּקַ֨ד מֹשֶׁ֧ה וְׄ⁠אַׄהֲׄרֹ֛ׄןׄ1

see how you translated these phrases in 1:44.

4563:39qlewrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyעַל־פִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה1

See how you translated this clause in 3:16.

4573:39zv61rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

4583:39urafrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomכָּל־זָכָר֙ מִ⁠בֶּן־חֹ֣דֶשׁ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:15.

4593:39mb36rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשְׁנַ֥יִם וְ⁠עֶשְׂרִ֖ים אָֽלֶף׃1

Alternate translation: “were twenty-two thousand”

4603:40q2f6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarksוַ⁠יֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה1

This clause introduces direct speech that begins in this verse and continues to the end of the next verse. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.

4613:40ov8qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלִ⁠בְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

4623:40m42brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomמִ⁠בֶּן־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וָ⁠מָ֑עְלָ⁠ה1

See how you translated this phrase in the previous verse.

4633:40jb87rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomוְ⁠שָׂ֕א אֵ֖ת מִסְפַּ֥ר שְׁמֹתָֽ⁠ם1

This sentence could mean: (1) to write down a list of names. Alternate translation: “And write down their names” (2) to write down the number of names that are counted. Alternate translation: “And write down the number of their names”

4643:40xl9prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitשְׁמֹתָֽ⁠ם1

Here, names refers to the names of the males whom Moses would count. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the names of those counted”

4653:41v0ywrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructureוְ⁠לָקַחְתָּ֨ אֶת־הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֥ם לִ⁠י֙ אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֔ה1

Yahweh interrupts the sentence with the statement I am Yahweh in order to emphasize that he wanted the Levites for himself. If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these clauses. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, want you to take the Levites for me”

4663:41u8ijrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבִּ⁠בְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל & בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

4673:41fvi6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitבְּכֹ֖ר & בְּכ֔וֹר1

In this verse, firstborn refers specifically to firstborn males. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the firstborn males of … the firstborn males”

4683:41cum8rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenounsבֶּהֱמַ֣ת & בְּ⁠בֶהֱמַ֖ת1

See how you translated livestock in 3:13.

4693:42z72rrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultוַ⁠יִּפְקֹ֣ד מֹשֶׁ֔ה1

And here introduces the result of obeying the instructions stated in the previous clause. See how you translated the same use of And in 3:16.

4703:42qer2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitבְּכֹ֖ר1

See how you translated the same use of firstborn in the previous verse.

4713:42xv5grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבִּ⁠בְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

4723:43bd9arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitבְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֥ר שֵׁמ֛וֹת1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

4733:43zrj1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomמִ⁠בֶּן־חֹ֥דֶשׁ וָ⁠מַ֖עְלָ⁠ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:15.

4743:43b0ylrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveלִ⁠פְקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֑ם1

See how you translated their counted ones in 3:22.

4753:43rk27rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשְׁנַ֤יִם וְ⁠עֶשְׂרִים֙ אֶ֔לֶף שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה וְ⁠שִׁבְעִ֖ים וּ⁠מָאתָֽיִם1

Alternate translation: “was twenty-two thousand two hundred and seventy-three men”

4763:44sc63rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotationsלֵּ⁠אמֹֽר1

Here, the word saying introduces direct speech that continues until 3:48. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.

4773:45t2fhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitתַּ֤חַת כָּל־בְּכוֹר֙ בִּ⁠בְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל1

See how you translated the nearly identical phrase in 3:41.

4783:45ixtyrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenounsבֶּהֱמַ֥ת & בְּהֶמְתָּ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated livestock in 3:13.

4793:45zywgrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitבְּהֶמְתָּ֑⁠ם1

Here Yahweh implies the firstborn male livestock, as stated in 3:41. If it would be helpful in your language you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “their firstborn male livestock”

4803:46o10src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitפְּדוּיֵ֣י1

Here, ransoms refers to money that must be paid to purchase the lives of the additional 273 firstborn mentioned in this verse. See the discussion of this in the General Notes for this chapter.

4813:46asd9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersהַ⁠שְּׁלֹשָׁ֔ה וְ⁠הַ⁠שִּׁבְעִ֖ים וְ⁠הַ⁠מָּאתָ֑יִם1

Alternate translation: “the two hundred seventy-three”

4823:46cyy4הַ⁠שְּׁלֹשָׁ֔ה וְ⁠הַ⁠שִּׁבְעִ֖ים וְ⁠הַ⁠מָּאתָ֑יִם הָ⁠עֹֽדְפִים֙ עַל־הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֔ם מִ⁠בְּכ֖וֹר בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל1

This means that there were 273 more firstborn males among the other tribes of the Israelites than there are total number of Levite males.

4833:46k7c3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguishהָ⁠עֹֽדְפִים֙ עַל־הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֔ם מִ⁠בְּכ֖וֹר בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל1

This clause gives further information about the 273. It is not making a distinction between the 273 and the ones in excess. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the relationship between these phrases clearer. Alternate translation: “that is, the ones in excess over the Levites from the firstborn of the sons of Israel”

4843:46g2tqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitמִ⁠בְּכ֖וֹר בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:41.

4853:47i4c5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarativeוְ⁠לָקַחְתָּ֗ & תִּקָּ֔ח1

In this verse, shall indicates a command. See how you translated the same use of shall in 1:3.

4863:47vgw3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoneyחֲמֵ֧שֶׁת חֲמֵ֛שֶׁת שְׁקָלִ֖ים & הַ⁠שָּֽׁקֶל1

A shekel was an amount of silver that weighed about 11 grams. You could try to express this amount in terms of current monetary values, but that might cause your Bible translation to become outdated and inaccurate, since those values can change over time. So instead you might state something more general or give the equivalent in wages. Alternate translation: “55 grams, 55 grams of silver … is 11 grams of silver”

4873:47zecsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplicationחֲמֵ֧שֶׁת חֲמֵ֛שֶׁת1

Yahweh repeats the same word five in order to emphasize the exact amount. If your language can repeat words for emphasis, it would be appropriate to do that here in your translation. If not, your language may have another way of expressing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “precisely five”

4883:47ooxerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheלַ⁠גֻּלְגֹּ֑לֶת1

See how you translated the same use of “skulls” in 1:2.

4893:47ijv4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoneyבְּ⁠שֶׁ֤קֶל הַ⁠קֹּ֨דֶשׁ֙1

The silver shekel that was used in the holy place was an ancient measurement of the weight of silver that functioned as a currency, equivalent to approximately 11 grams or two-fifths of an ounce of silver. You could try to express this amount in terms of the current monetary value of silver, but that might cause your translation to become outdated and inaccurate since those values can change over time. Instead, consider using a generic phrase. Alternate translation: “by the standard weight of silver that is used by the priests in the holy place”

4903:47djw5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightעֶשְׂרִ֥ים גֵּרָ֖ה1

A “gerah” is a unit of weight equal to about 0.57 kilograms. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express this in terms of modern measurements, either in the text or a footnote.

4913:48g4uwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarativeוְ⁠נָתַתָּ֣ה1

In this verse, shall indicates a command. See how you translated the same use of shall in 1:3.

4923:48oek5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitהָ⁠עֹדְפִ֖ים בָּ⁠הֶֽם1

This phrase refers to the 273 firstborn male Israelites mentioned in 3:46. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the 273 in excess among the firstborn Israelite males”

4933:48rgbprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarksבָּ⁠הֶֽם1

The direct speech that began in 3:45 ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.

4943:49qw8trc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultוַ⁠יִּקַּ֣ח מֹשֶׁ֔ה1

And here indicates that what follows is a result of what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a result of what came before. Alternate translation: “As a result, Moses took”

4953:49lvmtrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionכֶּ֣סֶף הַ⁠פִּדְי֑וֹם1

Here Moses uses the possessive form to describe the silver that was the ransom. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the silver, that is, the ransom”

4963:49lo8brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitהָ⁠עֹ֣דְפִ֔ים עַ֖ל1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:46.

4973:49abkirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּדוּיֵ֥י הַ⁠לְוִיִּֽם1

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the ones whom the Levites ransomed”

4983:49spkurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitפְּדוּיֵ֥י1

Here, ransomed refers to paying for lives by substituting them with other lives, whereas ransom earlier in the verse referred to paying for lives with money. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the ones substituted by” or “the ones who were replaced by”

4993:50udxwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitבְּכ֛וֹר בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:41.

5003:50h971rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersחֲמִשָּׁ֨ה וְ⁠שִׁשִּׁ֜ים וּ⁠שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵא֛וֹת וָ⁠אֶ֖לֶף1

Alternate translation: “one thousand three hundred and sixty-five”

5013:50gkvurc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightבְּ⁠שֶׁ֥קֶל הַ⁠קֹּֽדֶשׁ1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:47.

5023:51u72drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionכֶּ֧סֶף הַ⁠פְּדֻיִ֛ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:49.

5033:51gn66rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismעַל־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה כַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֛ר צִוָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־מֹשֶֽׁה1

These two clauses mean similar things. Moses is using repetition to emphasize the idea that the clauses express. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine the phrases and express the emphasis in another way. See how you translated this similar clauses in 3:16. Alternate translation: “exactly in accordance with what Yahweh had commanded”

5043:51pt1arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyעַל־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:16.

5054:introc4x50

Numbers 4 General Notes

Structure and Formatting

  1. Preparing to leave Sinai (1:110:10)
    • Counting and assembling the tribes (1:14:49)

This chapter describes the assignments Yahweh gave to each of the families who descended from Levi with regard for taking care of and transporting the tent of meeting. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])

Special Concepts in this Chapter

The tribe of Levi

The Levites had a special role in Israel. They were specially dedicated to serve Yahweh by offering sacrifices in the tent of meeting and taking care of that tent and everything involved in the system of sacrifices. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])

Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter

“A son of 30 years and upward and up to a son of 50 years”

The phrase “a son of … years” is an idiom that refers to the age of a man. The longer phrase here refers to a man who is at least 30 years old and at most 50 years old. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “a man who is at least 30 years old and at most 50 years old” or “a man who is between 30 years or and 50 years old” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

5064:1y26wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarksלֵ⁠אמֹֽר1

Here the word saying introduces direct speech that continues until 4:20. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.

5074:2png1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomנָשֹׂ֗א אֶת־רֹאשׁ֙1

See how you translated the nearly identical idiom in 1:2.

5084:2ebs2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵ֣י & בְּנֵ֣י1

In this verse, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.

5094:2vnqrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyקְהָ֔ת1

See how you translated this name in 3:17.

5104:2dslnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽ⁠ם1

See how you translated these clauses in 1:2.

5114:3j52nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomמִ⁠בֶּ֨ן שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה וְ⁠עַ֖ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה1

See the discussion of this phrase in the General Notes for this chapter.

5124:3xcf4rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenounsלַ⁠צָּבָ֔א1

The word company is singular in form, but it refers to several people who work together as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “to the team of workers”

5134:4y6jyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsעֲבֹדַ֥ת בְּנֵי־קְהָ֖ת1

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of service, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “is what the sons of Kohath will do to serve”

5144:4ym89rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵי־קְהָ֖ת1

See how you translated this phrase in 4:2.

5154:4uyb1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisקֹ֖דֶשׁ הַ⁠קֳּדָשִֽׁים1

Yahweh is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “concerning the holiest holy things”

5164:5r2l6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyוּ⁠בָנָי⁠ו֙1

See how you translated the same use of sons in the previous verse.

5174:5vu3src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyהַֽ⁠מַּחֲנֶ֔ה1

Here, camp refers to the people dwelling in the camp. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the people in the camp”

5184:5wvlsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitבִּ⁠נְסֹ֣עַ1

See how you translated the same use of “set out” in 2:9.

5194:5y9b2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionפָּרֹ֣כֶת הַ⁠מָּסָ֑ךְ1

Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the curtain that is characterized by covering. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the covering curtain”

5204:6q046rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsעָלָ֗י⁠ו1

Here, it refers to both “the box of the testimony” and “the curtain of the covering” that covers the box, as mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “upon the box and its covering”

5214:6amjxrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownע֣וֹר תַּ֔חַשׁ1

Although the meaning of this word is not certain, many scholars believe it refers to a porpoise, which is a water mammal that has skin that can be made into high-quality leather. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of sea animal, you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “durable animal skin”

5224:6td43rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionבֶֽגֶד־כְּלִ֛יל תְּכֵ֖לֶת1

Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe a cloth that is entirely blue in color. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “an entirely blue cloth”

5234:6moz7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitמִ⁠לְ⁠מָ֑עְלָ⁠ה1

Here Yahweh implies that this cloth should be spread above the “box of the testimony,” “the covering,” and the skin of the porpoise. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “above all these things”

5244:6xsjkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsבַּדָּֽי⁠ו1

Here, its refers to “the box of the testimony” mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the boxs poles”

5254:6ebg6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitבַּדָּֽי⁠ו1

These poles were inserted into rings on the sides of the ark so that the poles could be used to carry the ark, as explained in Exodus 25:14. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the poles into the rings on the sides of the box in order to carry it”

5264:7iaz3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyשֻׁלְחַ֣ן הַ⁠פָּנִ֗ים1

Here, faces represents the presence of Yahweh. This table was placed before the presence of Yahweh in the tent of meeting and the Levites were to place on it special bread for Yahweh, as described in Exodus 25:30. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar use of “face” in 3:4. Alternate translation: “the table in Yahwehs presence” or “the table of the presence”

5274:7xivjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionבֶּ֣גֶד תְּכֵלֶת֒1

See how you translated the similar phrase “a cloth entirely of blue” in the previous verse.

5284:7zvi8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsעָ֠לָי⁠ו & עָלָ֥י⁠ו1

In this verse, it refers to the cloth of blue that covers the table. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “on that cloth … on that cloth”

5294:7n7ohאֶת־הַ⁠קְּעָרֹ֤ת וְ⁠אֶת־הַ⁠כַּפֹּת֙ וְ⁠אֶת־הַ⁠מְּנַקִּיֹּ֔ת וְ⁠אֵ֖ת קְשׂ֣וֹת1

If a translation exists in your language, see how the words plates, palm-sized pans, bowls, and pitchers are translated in Exodus 25:29 and 37:16.

5304:7y4f7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionקְשׂ֣וֹת הַ⁠נָּ֑סֶךְ1

Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe pitchers that were used for pouring out the drink offering. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the pitchers for the drink offering”

5314:7lbp4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnounהַ⁠נָּ֑סֶךְ1

The phrase drink offering represents drink offerings in general, not one particular drink offering. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “drink offerings”

5324:7ve2zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionוְ⁠לֶ֥חֶם הַ⁠תָּמִ֖יד1

Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the bread that the Levites were to offer to Yahweh continually. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “and the bread that should be offered continually”

5334:8dai4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionבֶּ֚גֶד תּוֹלַ֣עַת שָׁנִ֔י1

Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe a cloth that was made scarlet in color by using a dye produced from worms. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “a cloth that has been dyed scarlet”

5344:8brmprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsאֹת֔⁠וֹ1

Here, it refers to a cloth of the worms of scarlet. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “that cloth”

5354:8yzq6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownבְּ⁠מִכְסֵ֖ה ע֣וֹר תָּ֑חַשׁ1

See how you translated the same phrase in 4:6.

5364:8p2abrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוְ⁠שָׂמ֖וּ אֶת־בַּדָּֽי⁠ו1

These poles were inserted into rings on the sides of the table so that the poles could be used to carry it, as explained in Exodus 25:2628. See how you translated the similar use of this clause in 4:6.

5374:8y76rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsבַּדָּֽי⁠ו1

Here, its refers to the table mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “that table”

5384:9zbm7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionבֶּ֣גֶד תְּכֵ֗לֶת1

See how you translated this phrase in 4:7.

5394:9h8fkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionאֶת־מְנֹרַ֤ת הַ⁠מָּאוֹר֙1

Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the lampstand that is used for the light source in the tent of meeting. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the lampstand that is used for light”

5404:9wwugאֶת־מְנֹרַ֤ת & וְ⁠אֶת־נֵ֣רֹתֶ֔י⁠הָ וְ⁠אֶת־מַלְקָחֶ֖י⁠הָ וְ⁠אֶת־מַחְתֹּתֶ֑י⁠הָ1

If a translation exists in your language, see how the words lampstand, lamps, snuffers, and trays are translated in Exodus 25:3138.

5414:9j2m6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionכְּלֵ֣י שַׁמְנָ֔⁠הּ1

Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the vessels that contained the oil that was burned in the lamps for producing light. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the vessels for its oil”

5424:9xka6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationיְשָׁרְתוּ1

Here Yahweh refers to the Levites supplying oil to keep the lamps on the lampstand burning as if the lampstand were a person whom they serve. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the provide oil to”

5434:10uv7gאֹתָ⁠הּ֙ וְ⁠אֶת־כָּל־כֵּלֶ֔י⁠הָ & וְ⁠נָתְנ֖וּ1

Here, its and the first occurrenceit refer to the lampstand mentioned in the previous verse, but the second occurrence of it refers to the covering that contains the lampstand and all its vessels. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the lampstand and its vessels … and they shall put the covering and everything in it”

5444:10qfi1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownמִכְסֵ֖ה ע֣וֹר תָּ֑חַשׁ1

See how you translated this phrase in 4:6.

5454:11wc59rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionמִזְבַּ֣ח הַ⁠זָּהָ֗ב1

Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the altar that was overlaid with gold, as described in Exodus 30:16. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the altar overlaid with gold”

5464:11iamarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionבֶּ֣גֶד תְּכֵ֔לֶת1

See how you translated this phrase in 4:7.

5474:11imgrrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownוְ⁠כִסּ֣וּ אֹת֔⁠וֹ בְּ⁠מִכְסֵ֖ה ע֣וֹר תָּ֑חַשׁ1

See how you translated this clause in 4:8.

5484:11tyb6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוְ⁠שָׂמ֖וּ אֶת־בַּדָּֽי⁠ו1

These poles were inserted into rings on the sides of the altar so that the poles could be used to carry it, as explained in Exodus 30:45. See how you translated the similar use of this clause in 4:6.

5494:12lk6lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfoכְּלֵ֨י הַ⁠שָּׁרֵ֜ת אֲשֶׁ֧ר יְשָֽׁרְתוּ־בָ֣⁠ם1

The expression service with which they serve contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “the implements with which they serve”

5504:12ek74בֶּ֣גֶד תְּכֵ֔לֶת1

See how you translated this phrase in 4:7.

5514:12tfharc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownוְ⁠כִסּ֣וּ אוֹתָ֔⁠ם בְּ⁠מִכְסֵ֖ה ע֣וֹר תָּ֑חַשׁ1

See how you translated the similar clause in 4:8.

5524:13ik1yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitהַ⁠מִּזְבֵּ֑חַ1

Here, the altar refers to the altar that was overlaid with bronze and was placed in front of the tent of meeting, as described in Exodus 27:18. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the altar overlaid with bronze”

5534:14x6cqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfoכֹּ֖ל כְּלֵ֣י הַ⁠מִּזְבֵּ֑חַ1

Since the phrase all its implements and all the implements of the altar mean the same thing, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here, as in the UST.

5544:14jz4erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsעָלָ֗י⁠ו1

Here, it refers to both the altar and all its implements. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “on all those items”

5554:14t5perc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownכְּס֛וּי ע֥וֹר תַּ֖חַשׁ1

See how you translated this phrase in 4:6.

5564:14e3cfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוְ⁠שָׂמ֥וּ בַדָּֽי⁠ו1

These poles were inserted into rings on the sides of the altar so that the poles could be used to carry the ark, as explained in Exodus 27:67. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the poles into the rings on the sides of the altar in order to carry it”

5574:15lah8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyוּ֠⁠בָנָי⁠ו & בְנֵי & בְנֵֽי1

In this verse, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.

5584:15g62yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבִּ⁠נְסֹ֣עַ הַֽ⁠מַּחֲנֶה֒1

See how you translated this clause in 4:5.

5594:15v6kcrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesקְהָת֙ & קְהָ֖ת1

See how you translated this name in 3:17.

5604:15qmf7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnounהַ⁠קֹּ֖דֶשׁ1

The phrase the holy thing represents the holy items used in the holy place and the parts of the holy place in general, not one particular holy thing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “the holy things”

5614:15mau2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitמַשָּׂ֥א1

The word load refers to all the items that the sons of Kohath must carry when the Israelites travel to another location. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “are the things that must be carried by”

5624:16f9nurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsוּ⁠פְקֻדַּ֞ת & פְּקֻדַּ֗ת1

See how you translated the abstract noun oversight in 3:32.

5634:16qtadrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionשֶׁ֤מֶן הַ⁠מָּאוֹר֙1

Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the oil that is burned to produce light in the tent of meeting. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the oil that is used for light”

5644:16pm4orc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionוּ⁠קְטֹ֣רֶת הַ⁠סַּמִּ֔ים1

Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the incense that is made of various spices that are described in Exodus 30:3438. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the incense that is made of spices”

5654:16ok4wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionוּ⁠מִנְחַ֥ת הַ⁠תָּמִ֖יד1

Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the grain offering that the Levites were to offer to Yahweh continually. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. See how you translated the same use of continuity in 4:7.

5664:16qxzbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionוְ⁠שֶׁ֣מֶן הַ⁠מִּשְׁחָ֑ה1

Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the oil that was poured on the priests, all the parts of the tent of meeting, and the items used in it (Exodus 30:2238). If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the oil that is used for anointing”

5674:16u8xnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfoפְּקֻדַּ֗ת1

Since the oversight is repeated from earlier in the verse, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here, as in the UST.

5684:16d6a9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarksוּ⁠בְ⁠כֵלָֽי⁠ו1

The direct speech that began in 4:2 ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.

5694:17u5dzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarksלֵ⁠אמֹֽר1

Here the word saying introduces direct speech that continues until 4:20. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.

5704:18aq3krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitאַל־תַּכְרִ֕יתוּ אֶת־שֵׁ֖בֶט מִשְׁפְּחֹ֣ת הַ⁠קְּהָתִ֑י1

Here, cut off refers to being killed. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Do not let the tribe of the clans of the Kohathite be killed”

5714:18nvndrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveאַל־ תַּכְרִ֕יתוּ אֶת־ שֵׁ֖בֶט מִשְׁפְּחֹ֣ת הַ⁠קְּהָתִ֑י מִ⁠תּ֖וֹךְ הַ⁠לְוִיִּֽם1

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Do not let the tribe of the clans of the Kohathite die”

5724:18cg6prc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesהַ⁠קְּהָתִ֑י1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:27.

5734:19ikfcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletוְ⁠חָיוּ֙ וְ⁠לֹ֣א יָמֻ֔תוּ1

The word live and the phrase not die mean the same thing. Yahweh is using these together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “and they will certainly live”

5744:19bfh5rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goalוְ⁠חָיוּ֙1

Here, and indicates that what follows is the goal or purpose for the command in this verse. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that this is the purpose. Alternate translation (with no comma preceding): “so that they will live”

5754:19wzyarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyוּ⁠בָנָי⁠ו֙1

Here, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.

5764:19kga6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitיָבֹ֔אוּ1

Here Yahweh implies that Aaron and his sons enter into the holy place. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST.

5774:19up37rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorוְ⁠שָׂמ֣וּ1

Here Yahweh refers to assigning work to the Kohathites as if one were placing them in locations. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and assign”

5784:19jhcwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomאוֹתָ֗⁠ם אִ֥ישׁ אִ֛ישׁ1

Here, man by man is a Hebrew idiom that means “each man.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternative translation: “each man”

5794:19bltmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsעֲבֹדָת֖⁠וֹ1

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of service, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “what he does to serve”

5804:19pr64rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitמַשָּׂאֽ⁠וֹ1

See how you translated the same use of load in 4:15.

5814:20lz4brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsוְ⁠לֹא־יָבֹ֧אוּ1

Here, they refers to the descendants of Kohath. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “But the sons of Kohath shall not enter”

5824:20jdd2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוְ⁠לֹא־יָבֹ֧אוּ1

Here, enter implies entering into the holy place. See how you translated the same use of enter in the previous verse.

5834:20mv2trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnounאֶת־הַ⁠קֹּ֖דֶשׁ1

The phrase the holy thing represents the holy items used in the holy place and the parts of the holy place in general, not one particular holy thing. See how you translated the same use of the holy thing in 4:15.

5844:20l3lrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomכְּ⁠בַלַּ֥ע1

This phrase is an idiom that means “for a moment,” which is the time it would take to gulp. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “for a bit” or “for a moment”

5854:20g6g1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarksוָ⁠מֵֽתוּ1

The direct speech that began in 4:18 ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.

5864:21fl8erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarksלֵּ⁠אמֹֽר1

Here the word saying introduces direct speech that continues until 4:33. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.

5874:22r33rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomנָשֹׂ֗א אֶת־רֹ֛אשׁ1

See how you translated this phrase in 4:2.

5884:22q6xvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵ֥י גֵרְשׁ֖וֹן1

Here, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.

5894:22wcx9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesגֵרְשׁ֖וֹן1

See how you translated this mans name in 3:17.

5904:22ro81rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלְ⁠בֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָֽ⁠ם1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:2.

5914:23cyt1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomמִ⁠בֶּן֩ שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים שָׁנָ֜ה וָ⁠מַ֗עְלָ⁠ה עַ֛ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה1

See the discussion of these phrases in the General Notes for this chapter.

5924:23scm3rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetryלִ⁠צְבֹ֣א צָבָ֔א לַ⁠עֲבֹ֥ד עֲבֹדָ֖ה1

The phrases work work and serve service are constructions in which a verb and its object are related words. You may be able to use the same constructions in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis.

5934:24qxm2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsזֹ֣את עֲבֹדַ֔ת1

See how you translated the similar phrase in 4:4.

5944:24ra33rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenounsמִשְׁפְּחֹ֖ת הַ⁠גֵּרְשֻׁנִּ֑י1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:21.

5954:24iccsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוּ⁠לְ⁠מַשָּֽׂא1

See how you translated load in 4:15.

5964:25y3p1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitהַ⁠מִּשְׁכָּן֙ וְ⁠אֶת־אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֔ד מִכְסֵ֕⁠הוּ1

Here, and indicates that what follows are different items included with the Dwelling. See how you translated the similar phrases in 3:25.

5974:25w4pxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוּ⁠מִכְסֵ֛ה הַ⁠תַּ֥חַשׁ אֲשֶׁר־עָלָ֖י⁠ו מִ⁠לְ⁠מָ֑עְלָ⁠ה1

This phrase refers to a leather outer covering that was placed on top of all the other coverings, as described in Exodus 26:14 and 36:19. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the outer covering of porpoise which is on top of all the coverings”

5984:25vqq3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownוּ⁠מִכְסֵ֛ה הַ⁠תַּ֥חַשׁ1

See how you translated the same phrase in 4:6.

5994:25ejolמָסַ֔ךְ פֶּ֖תַח אֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד1

See how you translated the nearly identical phrase in 3:25.

6004:26vflarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוְ⁠אֵת֩ קַלְעֵ֨י הֶֽ⁠חָצֵ֜ר1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:26.

6014:26t6eqוְ⁠אֶת־מָסַ֣ךְ ׀ פֶּ֣תַח ׀ שַׁ֣עַר הֶ⁠חָצֵ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֨ר עַל־הַ⁠מִּשְׁכָּ֤ן וְ⁠עַל־הַ⁠מִּזְבֵּ֨חַ֙ סָבִ֔יב1

See how you translated the similar phrases in 3:26.

6024:26nadjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionכָּל־כְּלֵ֖י עֲבֹדָתָ֑⁠ם1

Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe implements that are used for their work. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could could a different expression. Alternate translation: “all the implements for working in them”

6034:26f7kkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveכָּל־אֲשֶׁ֧ר יֵעָשֶׂ֛ה לָ⁠הֶ֖ם1

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all that they will do for them”

6044:26zm1drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsלָ⁠הֶ֖ם וְ⁠עָבָֽדוּ1

Here, them refers to the various items mentioned previously in the verse, but they refers to the descendants of Gershon. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this expicitly. Alternate translation: “for those implements; and the Gershonites shall work”

6054:27pcvirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyעַל־פִּי֩1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:16.

6064:27n1ytrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyוּ⁠בָנָ֜י⁠ו & בְּנֵ֣י1

In this verse, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.

6074:27k1i2rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenounsהַ⁠גֵּרְשֻׁנִּ֔י1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:21.

6084:27thlfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitמַשָּׂאָ֔⁠ם & מַשָּׂאָֽ⁠ם1

See how you translated the same use of load in 4:15.

6094:27q8lgrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youוּ⁠פְקַדְתֶּ֤ם1

Here, you is plural and refers to Aaron and his sons, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.

6104:27ivb2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsבְּ⁠מִשְׁמֶ֔רֶת1

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of responsibility, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “by what they are responsible for”

6114:28yk4vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyמִשְׁפְּחֹ֛ת בְּנֵ֥י1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:29.

6124:28mauqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnounהַ⁠גֵּרְשֻׁנִּ֖י1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:21.

6134:28e8qorc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsוּ⁠מִ֨שְׁמַרְתָּ֔⁠ם1

See how you translated the abstract noun responsibility in the previous verse.

6144:28jx5arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomבְּ⁠יַד֙1

In this context, to be in the hand of someone means to be under the power or control of that person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “under the control of”

6154:28s4zhrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאִֽיתָמָ֔ר1

See how you translated this mans name in 3:2.

6164:29iyjyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingularתִּפְקֹ֥ד1

You here is singular and refers to Moses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “You, Moses,”

6174:29zg2erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵ֖י מְרָרִ֑י1

See how you translated the same use of this phrase in 3:36.

6184:29f12hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֥⁠ם לְ⁠בֵית־אֲבֹתָ֖⁠ם1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:2.

6194:30pv9drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomמִ⁠בֶּן֩ שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים שָׁנָ֜ה וָ⁠מַ֗עְלָ⁠ה וְ⁠עַ֛ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה תִּפְקְדֵ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated this clause in 4:23.

6204:30kr6zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitלַ⁠צָּבָ֔א1

See how you translated the same use of company in 4:3.

6214:30cf5orc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetryלַ⁠עֲבֹ֕ד אֶת־עֲבֹדַ֖ת1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:7.

6224:31xm2urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsמִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת1

See how you translated the abstract noun responsibility in 4:27.

6234:31g3corc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitמַשָּׂאָ֔⁠ם1

See how you translated the same use of load in 4:15.

6244:31zb83קַרְשֵׁי֙ הַ⁠מִּשְׁכָּ֔ן וּ⁠בְרִיחָ֖י⁠ו וְ⁠עַמּוּדָ֥י⁠ו וַ⁠אֲדָנָֽי⁠ו1

See how you translated all of these things in 3:36.

6254:32zbw9וְ⁠עַמּוּדֵי֩ הֶ⁠חָצֵ֨ר סָבִ֜יב וְ⁠אַדְנֵי⁠הֶ֗ם וִֽ⁠יתֵדֹתָ⁠ם֙ וּ⁠מֵ֣יתְרֵי⁠הֶ֔ם1

See how you translated all of these things in 3:37.

6264:32ipn4לְ⁠כָל־כְּלֵי⁠הֶ֔ם וּ⁠לְ⁠כֹ֖ל עֲבֹדָתָ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated the similar phrases in 3:36.

6274:32gpe1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוּ⁠בְ⁠שֵׁמֹ֣ת1

Here, names refers to the names of the descendants of Merari who will carry these items. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and by each mans name”

6284:32fjznrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youתִּפְקְד֔וּ1

Here, you is plural and refers to Aaron and his sons, as in 4:27, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.

6294:32fboarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsמִשְׁמֶ֥רֶת מַשָּׂאָֽ⁠ם1

See how you translated this phrase in the previous verse.

6304:33mq8erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyזֹ֣את עֲבֹדַ֗ת מִשְׁפְּחֹת֙ בְּנֵ֣י1

See how you translated the same clause in 4:28.

6314:33w2cprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּ⁠יַד֙ אִֽיתָמָ֔ר בֶּֽן־אַהֲרֹ֖ן הַ⁠כֹּהֵֽן1

See how you translated the same clause in 4:28.

6324:33a955rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאִֽיתָמָ֔ר1

See how you translated this mans name in 1:2.

6334:33hliorc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarksהַ⁠כֹּהֵֽן1

The direct speech that began in 4:22 ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.

6344:34aoturc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵ֣י1

Here, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.

6354:34jm3irc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenounsהַ⁠קְּהָתִ֑י1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:27.

6364:34wzx3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם וּ⁠לְ⁠בֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽ⁠ם1

See how you translated these clauses in 1:2.

6374:35s6xkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomמִ⁠בֶּ֨ן שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה וְ⁠עַ֖ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה1

See the discussion of these phrases in the General Notes for this chapter.

6384:35pv9crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitכָּל־הַ⁠בָּא֙ לַ⁠צָּבָ֔א1

See how you translated this phrase in 4:30.

6394:36knzbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֖ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

6404:36w7pxrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersאַלְפַּ֕יִם שְׁבַ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת וַ⁠חֲמִשִּֽׁים1

Alternate translation: “two thousand seven hundred and fifty”

6414:37udgerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְקוּדֵי֙1

See how you translated counted ones in the previous verse.

6424:37b25zrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenounsמִשְׁפְּחֹ֣ת הַ⁠קְּהָתִ֔י1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:27.

6434:37szpirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfoאֲשֶׁ֨ר פָּקַ֤ד מֹשֶׁה֙ וְ⁠אַהֲרֹ֔ן1

Since the same idea of the counted ones is repeated in this phrase, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here, as in the UST.

6444:37axd1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyעַל־פִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 3:16.

6454:37g5glrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomבְּ⁠יַד1

Here, by the hand indicates that Moses was the means by which Yahweh gave these commands to the people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “by means of” or “that was communicated to the Israelites by Moses”

6464:38ipy6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוּ⁠פְקוּדֵ֖י1

See how you translated counted ones in the previous two verses.

6474:38ig1erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyבְּנֵ֣י1

Here, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.

6484:38gxthrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחוֹתָ֖⁠ם וּ⁠לְ⁠בֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽ⁠ם1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:2.

6494:39vg68rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomמִ⁠בֶּ֨ן שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה וְ⁠עַ֖ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה כָּל־הַ⁠בָּא֙ לַ⁠צָּבָ֔א לַ⁠עֲבֹדָ֖ה בְּ⁠אֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד1

See how you translated the identical clauses in 4:35.

6504:40sjj3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקֻ֣דֵי⁠הֶ֔ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

6514:40hqz7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyלְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:2.

6524:40uktqrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersאַלְפַּ֕יִם וְ⁠שֵׁ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וּ⁠שְׁלֹשִֽׁים1

Alternate translation: “two thousand six hundred and thirty”

6534:41h4xtrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveאֵ֣לֶּה פְקוּדֵ֗י מִשְׁפְּחֹת֙ בְּנֵ֣י & כָּל־הָ⁠עֹבֵ֖ד בְּ⁠אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֑ד אֲשֶׁ֨ר פָּקַ֥ד מֹשֶׁ֛ה וְ⁠אַהֲרֹ֖ן עַל־פִּ֥י יְהוָֽה1

See how you translated the same clauses in 4:37.

6544:42pq72rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוּ⁠פְקוּדֵ֕י מִשְׁפְּחֹ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י1

See how you translated this phrase in the previous verse.

6554:42r5rmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽ⁠ם1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:2.

6564:43s8f4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomמִ⁠בֶּ֨ן שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה וְ⁠עַ֖ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה כָּל־הַ⁠בָּא֙ לַ⁠צָּבָ֔א לַ⁠עֲבֹדָ֖ה בְּ⁠אֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד1

See how you translated the same clauses in 4:35.

6574:44x7fdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוַ⁠יִּהְי֥וּ פְקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֖ם לְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑⁠ם1

See how you translated this clause in 4:36.

6584:44a51wrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים וּ⁠מָאתָֽיִם1

Alternate translation: “three thousand two hundred”

6594:45bi4drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveאֵ֣לֶּה פְקוּדֵ֔י מִשְׁפְּחֹ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י & אֲשֶׁ֨ר פָּקַ֤ד מֹשֶׁה֙ וְ⁠אַהֲרֹ֔ן1

See how you translated these clauses in 4:41.

6604:45ywn1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyעַל־פִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה בְּ⁠יַד־מֹשֶֽׁה1

See how you translated this clause in 4:37.

6614:46er34rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfoכָּֽל־הַ⁠פְּקֻדִ֡ים אֲשֶׁר֩ פָּקַ֨ד מֹשֶׁ֧ה וְ⁠אַהֲרֹ֛ן וּ⁠נְשִׂיאֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל1

Since the same idea of the counted ones is repeated later in this verse, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here. Alternate translation: “All the ones whom Moses and Aaron and the leaders of Israel had counted”

6624:46oo83rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם וּ⁠לְ⁠בֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽ⁠ם1

See how you translated these phrases in 1:2.

6634:47vb65rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomמִ⁠בֶּ֨ן שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ⁠מַ֔עְלָ⁠ה וְ⁠עַ֖ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה1

See how you translated this clause in 4:35.

6644:47ji4lrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetryלַ⁠עֲבֹ֨ד עֲבֹדַ֧ת עֲבֹדָ֛ה וַ⁠עֲבֹדַ֥ת1

See how you translated serve the service in 3:7.

6654:47b9ngrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitמַשָּׂ֖א1

See how you translated the same use of load in 4:15.

6664:48nvt5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפְּקֻדֵי⁠הֶ֑ם1

See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.

6674:48gmh3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשְׁמֹנַ֣ת אֲלָפִ֔ים וַ⁠חֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וּ⁠שְׁמֹנִֽים1

Alternate translation: “eight thousand five hundred and eighty”

6684:49l3zkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyעַל־פִּ֨י יְהוָ֜ה1

Se how you translated this phrase in 3:16 and 4:37.

6694:49wznnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveפָּקַ֤ד אוֹתָ⁠ם֙1

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Moses, Aaron, and the leaders counted them”

6704:49tlvqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomבְּ⁠יַד־מֹשֶׁ֔ה1

See how you translated this phrase in 4:37.

6714:49v91xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomאִ֥ישׁ אִ֛ישׁ1

In this verse, the phrase man by man is a Hebrew idiom that means “each man.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar use of man in 1:4. Alternative translation: “each man”

6724:49vf9irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitעַל־עֲבֹדָת֖⁠וֹ וְ⁠עַל־מַשָּׂא֑⁠וֹ1

Moses implies that this service and load are related to the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “in accordance with his service in the tent of meeting and in accordance with his load associated with it”

6734:49kdw6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitמַשָּׂא֑⁠וֹ1

See how you translated the same use of load in 4:15.

6744:49hpb1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוּ⁠פְקֻדָ֕י⁠ו1

See how you translated the same use of counted ones in the previous verse.

6754:49q8p8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisאֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־מֹשֶֽׁה1

Moses is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh had commanded Moses to count”

6765:introq2wy0

Numbers 5 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Israels camp

Israels entire camp was to be a “clean” place. This meant that people who could not be made acceptable to God were not allowed inside the camp. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])

Vengeance

There are several laws in this chapter regarding restitution. These laws were meant to limit the ways in which people who had been wronged could seek to be compensated. These laws were intended to make it difficult for such people to avenge a wrong when they were angry. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/jealous]])

6775:2w9ttinfectious skin disease0

This refers to leprosy, which is a sickness that affects the skin and easily spreads to other people.

6785:2zu9xoozing sore0

This refers to an open cut that is leaking fluids.

6795:2mu8xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhoever is unclean through touching a dead body0

If a person touched a dead body they were considered unclean. A person who is not acceptable for Gods purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean.

6805:3zk2yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youyou must send0

Here “you” is plural and refers to the people of Israel.

6815:4p3ptrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitThe people of Israel did so0

This means that they sent the unclean people away. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “The people of Israel sent those who were unclean out of the camp”

6825:6qj29any sin such as people do to one another0

Alternate translation: “any sin that people usually commit against one another”

6835:6xq1wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitis unfaithful to me0

If someone sins against another person, it means that they have also sinned against Yahweh and Yahweh considers that person as unfaithful to him. Alternate translation: “they have also wronged me”

6845:7fdj5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe price of his guilt0

Here the persons “sin” is referred to as his “guilt.” Alternate translation: “what is considered a suitable amount of money for the wrong that he has done”

6855:7g9vqadd to the price one-fifth more0

This means the person must pay an extra one-fifth of the price that he owes.

6865:7uea6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionone-fifth0

This is one part out of five equal parts.

6875:8t3ewrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitBut if the wronged person has no close relative to receive the payment0

Usually the wronged person would receive the payment but if that person has died the payment goes to the closest relative. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “But if the wronged person has died and has no close relative to receive the payment”

6885:8v9pcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveif the wronged person0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if the person whom the guilty person has wronged”

6895:8g97khe must pay the price for his guilt to me through a priest0

If a person made a payment to a priest to pay for his guilt it was the same as if the person had made the payment to Yahweh.

6905:8wai4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyto atone for himself0

The atonement is made for the mans sin. Here Yahweh refers to the mans sin as the man who committed it. Alternate translation: “to atone for his sin”

6915:9e191rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe things that are set aside and brought to the priest by the people of Israel0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the things that the people of Israel set aside and bring to the priest”

6925:10lhj2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismThe offerings of every person will be for the priest; if anyone gives anything to the priest, it will belong to him0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and may be combined to state that the offerings that someone gives belong to the priest to whom they have been given.

6935:11abw4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo0

The words “Suppose that a mans wife turns away” begin a long description of a hypothetical situation, something that has not happened but might happen. Yahweh tells Moses what to do if it does happen.

6945:12k4g2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idioma mans wife turns away0

This means that she goes away from him and is unfaithful to him. Alternate translation: “a mans wife is unfaithful”

6955:12q94crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitsins against her husband0

This means that she is unfaithful to her husband and sins against him by sleeping with another man. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “sins against her husband by sleeping with another man”

6965:13g1e7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismIf a man lies with her0

This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “If a man has sexual relations with her”

6975:13zj57her0

the woman who turns away and sins against her husband (Numbers 5:12)

6985:13wj6drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitin the act0

This refers to the act of adultery. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “in the act of adultery” or “sleeping with him”

6995:14w516rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivehis wife is defiled … his wife is not defiled0

These phrases can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “his wife has defiled herself … his wife has not defiled herself”

7005:14tk8erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyוְ⁠עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֧י⁠ו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָ֛ה & עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֤י⁠ו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָה֙1

Here the word spirit refers to a persons attitude and emotions. Alternate translation: “the husband might feel jealous and become suspicious”

7015:14vittrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationוְ⁠עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֧י⁠ו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָ֛ה & עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֤י⁠ו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָה֙1

The man's jealously is spoken of as if it were a person who spoke to him.

7025:14b5q4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomוְ⁠עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֧י⁠ו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָ֛ה & עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֤י⁠ו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָה֙1

The idea of the spirit “coming on him” means that he began to have these jealous feelings. Alternate translation: “and a man might feel jealous … a man might feel jealous”

7035:15n2k7Connecting Statement:0

Connecting Statement:

Moses begins to describe what the people are to do if the hypothetical situation he began describing in Numbers 5:12 ever happens.

7045:15cpv6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractiona tenth0

This is one part out of ten equal parts.

7055:15h7qcrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumea tenth of an ephah0

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)” or “2 liters”

7065:15rqv9a grain offering of jealousy0

Alternate translation: “a grain offering for jealousy”

7075:15hlz4a reminder of the iniquity0

A “reminder” is something that shows evidence that something had occurred that required justice. In this case, he made the offering to determine whether his wife had committed adultery or not.

7085:16b35grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitnear and place her before Yahweh0

The priest would bring her near the altar. Alternate translation: “near the altar and place her in the presence of Yahweh”

7095:18nx25before Yahweh0

Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh”

7105:18pji2grain offering of suspicion0

See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 5:15.

7115:19hjz9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismno other man has lain with you0

This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “no other man has had sexual relations with you”

7125:19xw4yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomif you have not gone astray0

The words “gone astray” is an idiom that means “to be unfaithful.” Alternate translation: “if you have not been unfaithful to your husband”

7135:19t3qyand committed impurity0

This phrase refers to committing adultery. Alternate translation: “by committing impurity”

7145:19e97nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomyou will be free from this bitter water0

The phrase to “be free” from something means to not be harmed by it. Alternate translation: “this bitter water will not harm you, though it is able to”

7155:19tdr3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationthis bitter water that can bring a curse0

Here the bitter water is described as being able to bring a curse. This means that when the woman drinks the water it cause her to be unable to bear children, if she is guilty. Alternate translation: “this bitter water can be a curse to you”

7165:20ulh8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomhave gone astray0

The words “gone astray” is an idiom that means “to be unfaithful.” Alternate translation: “have been unfaithful to your husband”

7175:21p7jmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomthat can bring down a curse on her0

The phrase “bring down a curse” is an idiom meaning for a curse to come upon her. Alternate translation: “that can cause a curse to come upon her”

7185:21z7wfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorYahweh will make you into a curse … your people to be such0

Here the author speaks about the woman bearing the curse that Yahweh gives her, which causes other people to curse her. This is spoken of as if the woman herself becomes a curse. Alternate translation: “Because Yahweh curses you, other people will curse you as well, and Yahweh will show people that you are truly cursed”

7195:21d46krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethat will be shown to your people to be such0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that he will show to your people as a curse”

7205:21qcf7your thigh to waste away and your abdomen to swell0

This could mean: (1) that the woman will become unable to have children or (2) that the womans pregnancy will end too early and the baby will die.

7215:21b27irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismyour thigh to waste away0

Here the word “thigh” is a polite way of referring to the womans womb or her private parts. Alternate translation: “your womb to be useless”

7225:23rp5whe must wash away the written curses0

This means that he is to wash the ink off of the scroll.

7235:23k7qnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe written curses0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the curses he has written”

7245:24wm1q0

General Information:

Verse 24 explains in a general way what the priest must do and what is expected to happen when the woman drinks the water. Verse 25 and 26 explains in detail how the priest is to do this work. The priest gives the water to the woman and she drinks it only once.

7255:25kuh3grain offering of jealousy0

See how you translated this in Numbers 5:15. Alternate translation: “a grain offering for jealousy”

7265:26tvx7a representative offering0

The handful of the grain offering represents the whole grain offering. This means the whole offering belongs to Yahweh.

7275:27eld4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveif she is defiled because she has committed0

This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “if she has defined herself by committing”

7285:27dzq6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitcommitted a sin0

Here the “sin” refers specifically to committing adultery. The meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “committed adultery”

7295:27c4b4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismHer abdomen will swell and her thigh will waste away0

This could mean: (1) that the woman will become unable to have children or (2) that the womans pregnancy will end too early and the baby will die. Here the word “thigh” is a polite way of referring to the womans womb or her private parts. See how you translated these concepts in Numbers 5:21.

7305:27md3yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThe woman will be cursed among her people0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Her people will curse her”

7315:28y738rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveis not defiled0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “has not defiled herself”

7325:28g4sprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorif she is clean0

Here “being innocent” is spoken of as “being clean.”

7335:28qh3arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthen she must be free0

This could mean: (1) “then she will not be cursed” or (2) “then she is free from guilt.”

7345:28ud3tconceive children0

Alternate translation: “become pregnant”

7355:29l3rjthe law of jealousy0

Alternate translation: “the law for dealing with jealousy”

7365:29eb5lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwho strays away from her husband0

The words “strays away” is an idiom that means “to be unfaithful.” Alternate translation: “who is unfaithful to her husband”

7375:29a7s5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveis defiled0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “defiles herself”

7385:30qqc6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymya spirit of jealousy0

This phrase refers to the mans attitude and emotions of jealousy. See how you translated this in Numbers 5:14. Alternate translation: “who is jealous”

7395:30in48rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwhen he is jealous of his wife0

This is an idiom that means that he suspects that his wife has been unfaithful to him by sleeping with another man. Alternate translation: “and suspects that his wife has been unfaithful to him” or “and suspects that his wife has slept with another man”

7405:30lwf7before Yahweh0

Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh”

7415:31by7awill be free from guilt for bringing his wife to the priest0

Alternate translation: “will not be guilty of doing something wrong by bringing his wife to the priest”

7425:31jq87must bear0

Alternate translation: “must endure”

7436:introv9bp0

Numbers 6 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Nazirite vow

The Nazirite vow was a special type of vow between a person and Yahweh. This chapter gives the rules for people to be consecrated to God as Nazirites. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]])

7446:2fuw1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomseparates himself0

Alternate translation: “To separate yourself to someone” means to “dedicate yourself” to that person. Alternate translation: “dedicates himself”

7456:3vl9vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomhe must keep himself from0

This idiom means that he must not eat or drink them. Alternate translation: “he must not consume”

7466:3guv7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivevinegar made from wine0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “vinegar that people make from wine”

7476:3ibf8vinegar0

a drink produced when wine and other strong drinks ferment too long and become sour

7486:3ng8src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisor from strong drink0

You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “or vinegar that people make from strong drink”

7496:3us9jraisins0

dried grapes

7506:4ms7nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomhe is separate0

Alternate translation: “To separate yourself to someone” means to “dedicate yourself” to that person. Alternate translation: “he dedicates himself”

7516:4b2wcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivehe is separate to me0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he separates himself to me”

7526:4up7trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivenothing that is made from grapes0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “nothing that people make from grapes”

7536:4clz1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merismfrom the seeds to their skins0

These two extremes are given to emphasize the entire grape may not be eaten. Alternate translation: “from any part of a grape”

7546:5tyv2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomvow of separation0

This is an idiom. Here “separation” means “dedication” Alternate translation: “vow of dedication”

7556:5nb5arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveno razor is to be used on his head0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one is to use a razor on his head”

7566:5izs6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomיְמֵי֙ נֶ֣דֶר נִזְר֔⁠וֹ1

Here, separation is an idiom that means “dedication.” Alternate translation: “the days of the vow of his dedication”

7576:5zvr4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsיְמֵי֙ נֶ֣דֶר נִזְר֔⁠וֹ1

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word ** separation**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “the days that he has promised to dedicated himself to Yahweh” or “the days that he has promised to serve Yahweh”

7586:5qjl8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveto Yahweh are fulfilled0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “to Yahweh are complete”

7596:5mba5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveHe must be set apart to Yahweh0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He must set himself apart to Yahweh”

7606:6jjz3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomseparates0

This is an idiom for dedication. Alternate translation: “dedicates”

7616:7i1ukrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomseparated0

This is an idiom for dedication. Alternate translation: “dedicated”

7626:7t4h2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorunclean0

A person who is not acceptable for Gods purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean.

7636:7u8g3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivehe is separated0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he has separated himself”

7646:8n3enrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomseparation0

This is an idiom for dedication. Alternate translation: “dedication”

7656:8d127of his separation0

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word separation, you can express the same idea with a verb. Alternate translation: “that he has separated himself”

7666:8d9wbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivereserved for Yahweh0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he has reserved himself for Yahweh” or “set apart for Yahweh”

7676:9x63grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymydefiles his consecrated head0

Here “head” represents the Nazirite mans hair, which symbolizes his vow. Alternate translation: “defiles his long hair which shows everyone he is separated to God” or “he becomes defiled”

7686:9mt83rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe seventh day0

Alternate translation: “day 7”

7696:10i6i3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe eighth day0

Alternate translation: “day 8”

7706:12afu4for the days of his consecration0

Alternate translation: “during the time he is being set apart again”

7716:12mf7yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitHe must bring a male lamb … as a guilt offering0

The man is to bring the lamb to the priest so that it can be sacrificed. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “He must bring a male lamb one year old to the priest as a guilt offering”

7726:12kt7irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThe days before he defiled himself must not be counted0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He must not count the days before he defiled himself”

7736:12da8trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivehis consecration was defiled0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he defiled himself” or “he made himself unacceptable”

7746:13siwlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomיְמֵ֣י נִזְר֔⁠וֹ1

Here, separation is an idiom that means “dedication.” Alternate translation: “the days of his dedication”

7756:13q7ehrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsיְמֵ֣י נִזְר֔⁠וֹ1

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word ** separation**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “the days when he dedicates himself to Yahweh” or “the period when he has served Yahweh”

7766:13k6anrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveHe must be brought0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Someone must bring him” or “He must go”

7776:14p848rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitHe must present his offering to Yahweh0

He must bring his offering to the priest to be sacrificed to Yahweh. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “He must present his offering to Yahweh by bringing it to the priest to be sacrificed” or “He must present his offering to Yahweh by bringing it to the priest who will sacrifice it”

7786:15xq3rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivebread made without yeast0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “bread he made without yeast”

7796:15g8hgrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivefine flour mixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he mixed with oil”

7806:15cg4drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivewafers without yeast rubbed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “wafers without yeast which he rubbed with oil”

7816:15lyr9wafers without yeast0

small pieces of flat bread

7826:15msp8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicittogether with their grain offering and drink offerings0

The word “their” refers to the other offerings that the Nazirite man was told to bring. Often grain offerings and drink offerings were required to accompany other types of sacrifices. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “together with the grain offering and drink offering that Yahweh required to accompany the other offerings”

7836:16f2x5He must offer his sin offering0

Alternate translation: “He” refers to the priest and “his” refers to the man who took a vow.

7846:17ge1qthe fellowship offering0

Alternate translation: “as the fellowship offering”

7856:17d7zfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisThe priest must present also … drink offering0

You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “The priest must present also … the drink offering to Yahweh”

7866:18x9jbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomנִזְר֑⁠וֹ & נִזְר֔⁠וֹ1

Here, his separation is an idiom that means “his dedication.” Alternate translation: “indicating his dedication … indicating his dedication”

7876:18rrkqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsנִזְר֑⁠וֹ & נִזְר֔⁠וֹ1

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind both instances of the word separation, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “indicating how he has separated himself … indicating how he has separated himself”

7886:19h5f8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe boiled shoulder of the ram0

This means that he had boiled the rams shoulder. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the shoulder of the ram that he boiled”

7896:19ia1krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsאֶת־ נִזְרֽ⁠וֹ1

Here, the abstract noun separation can be expressed with the verb “dedicated.” Alternate translation: “indicating his dedication” or “indicating that he has dedicated himself to Yahweh”

7906:20izv4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitThe priest must wave them0

After handing the items to the Nazirite, the priest takes them back to offer them to Yahweh. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Then the priest must take them back and wave them”

7916:20vm26together with0

Alternate translation: “as well as”

7926:20nr52rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethat was waved0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the priest waved”

7936:20bvx2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethat was presented0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that he presented”

7946:21bzm4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomנִזְר֔⁠וֹ & נִזְרֽ⁠וֹ1

Here, separation is an idiom that means “dedication.” Alternate translation: “his dedication … his dedication”

7956:21cz8krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsנִזְר֔⁠וֹ & נִזְרֽ⁠וֹ1

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word separation, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “having dedicated himself to Yahweh … having dedicated himself to Yahweh”

7966:21emt3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitWhatever else he may give0

This refers to the Nazirite deciding to give other offering beyond what he has been commanded to give. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “If he decides to give any additional offerings”

7976:21ngu2he must keep the obligations of the vow he has taken0

Alternate translation: “he must still obey the requirements of the vow he has taken”

7986:21vb7mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismhe must keep the obligations … to keep the promise indicated by the law for the Nazirite0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize that he must obey the obligations of his vow.

7996:21w5llrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe promise indicated by the law for the Nazirite0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the promise that the law for the Nazirite indicates”

8006:23w1h4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youYou must bless the people of Israel0

Alternate translation: “You” is plural.

8016:24xk8drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youMay Yahweh bless you and keep you0

Here “you” is singular.

8026:24ef59rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomkeep you0

This is an idiom. Here “keep” means to “protect.”

8036:25c528rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiommake his face shine on you0

This is an idiom which means to have kind intentions towards someone. It can also be expressed by smiling. Alternate translation: “smile at you” or “look at you with kindness”

8046:25f8fhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youon you … to you0

Here “you” is singular.

8056:26x48trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomlook on you with favor0

Here the phrase “look on” means to show a certain attitude towards that person. Alternate translation: “show you favor”

8066:26jh4erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youon you … give you0

Here “you” is singular.

8076:27y2cbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorthey must give my name0

Here Yahweh speaks about claiming the Israelites as his own by saying that he is giving them “his name.” Alternate translation: “they must let the people of Israel know that they are mine”

8087:introtjd70

Numbers 7 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Consecrating the altar

When the tabernacle was completed, they consecrated the altar. Each tribe brought an offering to consecrate the altar. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]])

8097:1pvb3Moses completed the tabernacle0

Alternate translation: “Moses finished setting up the tabernacle”

8107:2uj4zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismthe leaders of Israel … the heads of their ancestors families0

These two phrases describe the same group of people two different ways. Alternate translation: “the leaders of Israel who are also the heads of their ancestors families”

8117:2p163rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe heads of their ancestors families0

Here the leaders of the families are referred to as “heads.” Alternate translation: “the leaders of their ancestors families”

8127:2p4mrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounshad overseen the counting of the men0

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word counting, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “had helped Aaron and Moses to count the men”

8137:3el48rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitThey brought their offerings before Yahweh … They presented these things in front of the tabernacle0

This means that they gave their offerings to Yahweh and brought them to the tabernacle. These phrases may be combined to add clarity. Alternate translation: “They brought their offerings to Yahweh and presented them to him in front of the tabernacle”

8147:3ch2vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberssix covered carts and twelve oxen0

Alternate translation: “6 covered carts and 12 oxen”

8157:5c3l4to each one as his work needs them0

Alternate translation: “to each man as he needs them for his work”

8167:7s3f5Gershon0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 3:17.

8177:7g4l6because of what their work needed0

Alternate translation: “because it was what they needed to do their work”

8187:8x2mgMerari0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 3:17.

8197:8y6l9in the care of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest0

Alternate translation: “under the supervision of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest” or “Ithamar son of Aaron the priest oversaw their work”

8207:8t536Ithamar0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:2.

8217:8q5vgHe did this because0

The word “he” refers to Moses.

8227:8u5cnbecause of what their work required0

Alternate translation: “because it was what they needed to do their work”

8237:9c7aynone of those things0

This refers to the carts and oxen.

8247:9v5eyKohath0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 3:17.

8257:9flt7theirs would be the work0

Alternate translation: “their work would be”

8267:9ip7drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe things that belong to Yahweh0

You can make explicit the implicit meaning of what belongs to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “the things that Yahweh reserved for the tabernacle”

8277:10rb3woffered their goods0

Alternate translation: “offered gifts”

8287:11lk14Each leader must offer on his own day his sacrifice0

Alternate translation: “Each day, one leader must offer his sacrifice”

8297:12wdb3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe first day0

Alternate translation: “day 1” or “day number 1”

8307:12jd7kNahshon son of Amminadab0

These are the names of men. See how you translated these names in Numbers 1:7

8317:13fr64rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּ⁠מֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָ⁠הּ֒1

If necessary, this weight can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “weighing nearly one and a half kilograms” or “weighing one kilogram and 430 grams”

8327:13j1grrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל1

If necessary, this weight can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams”

8337:13rk4yrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightby the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel0

There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. If you are converting the weights to modern measures, here is another way to translate this phrase. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”

8347:13ymy3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivefine flour mixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”

8357:14h5g8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightone gold dish that weighed ten shekels0

If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “one gold dish that weighed one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish that weighed 110 grams”

8367:17rsy2that were a year old0

Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”

8377:17qye7This was the sacrifice of Nahshon son of Amminadab0

Alternate translation: “This was what Nahshon son of Amminadab presented”

8387:17q99sNahshon son of Amminadab0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:7.

8397:18k818rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe second day0

Alternate translation: “day 2” or “day number 2”

8407:18s55kNethanel son of Zuar0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:8.

8417:19fv6arc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּ⁠מֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָ⁠הּ֒1

See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.

8427:19xungrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל1

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

8437:19hdb1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightמִזְרָ֤ק אֶחָד֙ כֶּ֔סֶף שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל1

If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams”

8447:19m81xrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightby the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel0

There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”

8457:19tdm6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivefine flour mixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”

8467:20e7yzrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightone gold dish weighing ten shekels0

If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”

8477:23j8m1that were a year old0

Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”

8487:23j6wyThis was the sacrifice of Nethanel son of Zuar0

Alternate translation: “This was what Nethanel son of Zuar presented”

8497:23vbr4Nethanel son of Zuar0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:8.

8507:24nuy5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe third day0

Alternate translation: “day 3” or “day number 3”

8517:24f2slEliab son of Helon0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:9.

8527:25p6jjrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּ⁠מֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָ⁠הּ֒1

See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.

8537:25dxz3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשִׁבְעִ֥ים1

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

8547:25jbg9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightby the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel0

There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”

8557:25c6eurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivefine flour mixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”

8567:26e1hprc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightone gold dish weighing ten shekels0

If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”

8577:29geb5that were a year old0

Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”

8587:29u9weThis was the sacrifice of Eliab son of Helon0

Alternate translation: “This was what Eliab son of Helon gave as a sacrifice”

8597:29m62dEliab son of Helon0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:9.

8607:30g7nprc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe fourth day0

Alternate translation: “day 4” or “day number 4”

8617:30i4g9Elizur son of Shedeur0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:5.

8627:31z13arc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּ⁠מֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָ⁠הּ֒1

See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.

8637:31x59nrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל1

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

8647:31ccm9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightby the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel0

There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”

8657:31xme1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivefine flour mixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”

8667:32ce94rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightone gold dish weighing ten shekels0

If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”

8677:35cv74that were a year old0

Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”

8687:35axj1This was the sacrifice of Elizur son of Shedeur0

Alternate translation: “This was what Elizur son of Shedeur gave as a sacrifice”

8697:35dp1xElizur son of Shedeur0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:5.

8707:36t1iwrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe fifth day0

Alternate translation: “day 5” or “day number 5”

8717:36vd7nShelumiel son of Zurishaddai0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:6.

8727:37l2gtrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightוּ⁠מֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָ⁠הּ֒1

See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.

8737:37ui86rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל1

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

8747:37kj44rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightby the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel0

There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”

8757:37ekt1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivefine flour mixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”

8767:38d1vhrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightone gold dish weighing ten shekels0

If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”

8777:41rc2kthat were a year old0

Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”

8787:41p15arc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesThis was the sacrifice of Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai0

“Shelumiel” and “Zurishaddai” are names of men.

8797:41xhm1Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:6.

8807:42uxi5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe sixth day0

Alternate translation: “day 6” or “day number 6”

8817:42h5ihEliasaph son of Deuel0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:14.

8827:43e7hjrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightוּ⁠מֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָ⁠הּ֒1

See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.

8837:43dv3mrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשִׁבְעִ֥ים1

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

8847:43ms6nrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightby the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel0

There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”

8857:43b9rgrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivefine flour mixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”

8867:44dg5urc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightone gold dish weighing ten shekels0

If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”

8877:47lw31that were a year old0

Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”

8887:47xa33This was the sacrifice of Eliasaph son of Deuel0

Alternate translation: “This was what Eliasaph son of Deuel gave as a sacrifice”

8897:47ypc1Eliasaph son of Deuel0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:14.

8907:48s1nrrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe seventh day0

Alternate translation: “day 7” or “day number 7”

8917:48v3m7Elishama son of Ammihud0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:10.

8927:49kx1krc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightוּ⁠מֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָ⁠הּ֒1

See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.

8937:49rk8erc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל1

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

8947:49jyg2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightby the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel0

There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”

8957:49is9vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivefine flour mixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”

8967:50jad5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightone gold dish weighing ten shekels0

If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”

8977:53xzg8that were a year old0

Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”

8987:53f8vpThis was the sacrifice of Elishama son of Ammihud0

Alternate translation: “This was what Elishama son of Ammihud presented”

8997:53e3cxElishama son of Ammihud0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:10.

9007:54n5zkrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe eighth day0

Alternate translation: “day 8” or “day number 8”

9017:54qnm9Gamaliel son of Pedahzur0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:10.

9027:55guv1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightוּ⁠מֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָ⁠הּ֒1

See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.

9037:55acb7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל1

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

9047:55qj3krc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightby the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel0

There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”

9057:55w1s9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivefine flour mixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”

9067:56m26nrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightone gold dish weighing ten shekels0

If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”

9077:59y4guthat were a year old0

Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”

9087:59z3edThis was the sacrifice of Gamaliel son of Pedahzur0

Alternate translation: “This was what Gamaliel son of Pedahzur gave as a sacrifice”

9097:59ixg3Gamaliel son of Pedahzur0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:10.

9107:60d8hirc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe ninth day0

Alternate translation: “day 9” or “day number 9”

9117:60h4glAbidan son of Gideoni0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:11.

9127:61wl2grc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּ⁠מֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָ⁠הּ֒1

See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.

9137:61gv7xrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל1

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

9147:61r94vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightby the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel0

There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”

9157:61aq7krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivefine flour mingled with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”

9167:62c8nrrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightone gold dish weighing ten shekels0

If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”

9177:65x65lthat were a year old0

Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”

9187:65c2xxThis was the sacrifice of Abidan son of Gideoni0

Alternate translation: “This was what Abidan son of Gideoni gave as a sacrifice”

9197:65m2n5Abidan son of Gideoni0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:11.

9207:66dcq5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe tenth day0

Alternate translation: “day 10” or “day number 10”

9217:66k329Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:12.

9227:67mjj5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightוּ⁠מֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָ⁠הּ֒1

See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.

9237:67xch4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל1

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

9247:67c418rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightby the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel0

There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”

9257:67z7whrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivefine flour mixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”

9267:68vq1yrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightone gold dish weighing ten shekels0

If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”

9277:71uk5wthat were a year old0

Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”

9287:71p2p9This was the sacrifice of Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai0

Alternate translation: “This was what Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai gave as a sacrifice”

9297:71k6u1Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:12.

9307:72k86crc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe eleventh day0

Alternate translation: “day 11” or “day number 11”

9317:72sk51Pagiel son of Okran0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:13.

9327:73tj2arc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightוּ⁠מֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָ⁠הּ֒1

See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.

9337:73jnf2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל1

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

9347:73bxh3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightby the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel0

There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”

9357:73vra2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivefine flour mingled with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”

9367:74s3qcrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightone gold dish weighing ten shekels0

If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”

9377:77h23uthat were a year old0

Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”

9387:77ql5zrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesThis was the sacrifice of Pagiel son of Okran0

“Pagiel” and “Okran” were names of men. See how you translated their names in Numbers 1:13.

9397:78ki2vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe twelfth day0

Alternate translation: “day 12” or “day number 12”

9407:78ge9iAhira son of Enan0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:15.

9417:79hn31rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightוּ⁠מֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָ⁠הּ֒1

See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.

9427:79k7zrrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל1

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

9437:79dle1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightby the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel0

There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”

9447:79bkj8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivefine flour mixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”

9457:80sw79rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightone gold dish weighing ten shekels0

If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”

9467:83ii74that were a year old0

Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”

9477:83aeg9This was the sacrifice of Ahira son of Enan0

Alternate translation: “This was what Ahira son of Enan gave as a sacrifice”

9487:83k2xrAhira son of Enan0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:15.

9497:84r8s7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomset all these apart0

The phrase “set apart” means to be dedicated to a specific purpose. In this case, the offerings were dedicated to Yahweh.

9507:84m93son the day that Moses anointed the altar0

Here the word “day” refers to a general period of time. The leaders of Israel dedicated these things over the course of 12 days. Alternate translation: “when Moses anointed the altar”

9517:85mxb7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightשְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּ⁠מֵאָ֗ה1

See how you translated was 130 in 7:13. Alternate translation: “was 130 shekels”

9527:85f75wrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightוְ⁠שִׁבְעִ֖ים הַ⁠מִּזְרָ֣ק הָ⁠אֶחָ֑ד1

See how you translated “70 shekels” in 7:13. Alternate translation: “was 70 shekels”

9537:85byk4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers2,400 shekels0

Alternate translation: “two thousand four hundred shekels” or “twenty-four hundred shekels”

9547:85wul3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightby the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel0

There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”

9557:85dg3sAll the silver vessels weighed0

Alternate translation: “All the silver vessels together weighed”

9567:85y3m8the silver vessels0

This refers to all of the offerings that were made of silver, both the platters and the bowls.

9577:86c3swAll the gold dishes weighed0

Alternate translation: “All the gold dishes together weighed”

9587:86ww9irc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightעֶשְׂרִ֥ים וּ⁠מֵאָֽה1

If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “was one tenth of a kilogram” or “weighed 110 grams”

9597:86pb2yrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers120 shekels0

Alternate translation: “one hundred and twenty shekels”

9607:88jy6xa year old0

Alternate translation: “that were one year old”

9617:88uul3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveafter it was anointed0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “after Moses had anointed it”

9627:89y6f1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochehe heard his voice speaking to him0

Here “his voice” refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “he heard Yahweh speaking to him”

9637:89jpx6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismfrom above the atonement lid … from between the two cherubim0

These two phrases describe the same location.

9647:89e4hsark of the testimony0

See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 4:5.

9657:89cu31He spoke to him0

Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke to Moses”

9668:introv1ax0

Numbers 8 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The consecration of the tabernacle continues in this chapter. The people obeyed Yahwehs exact instructions. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])

9678:2v3fvmust give light in front0

Alternate translation: “must shine towards the front”

9688:3u9fjto give light0

Alternate translation: “to shine”

9698:4vx9crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThe lampstand was made0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They had made the lampstand”

9708:4b9jfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-similewith hammered cups like blossoms0

They were commanded to form the hammered cups so that they resembled flower blossoms. Alternate translation: “with hammered cups that resemble flower blossoms”

9718:7wa1qto purify them0

Here “them” refers to the Levites.

9728:7ktl7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionSprinkle the water of atonement on them0

Moses sprinkling water on them was symbolic of their atonement. Alternate translation: “Sprinkle on their the water that symbolizes atonement”

9738:7f2sfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsiswash their clothes0

The Levites are supposed to wash their own clothes. You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “then make them wash their clothes”

9748:8i32fa young bull and its grain offering0

When offering a young bull, a grain offering was usually required to accompany it.

9758:8vp6grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveof fine flour mingled with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “of fine flour that they have mingled with oil”

9768:9t4tcassemble the whole community0

Alternate translation: “gather the whole community”

9778:10v37lbefore Yahweh0

Here Yahweh refers to himself by his own name.

9788:10w5rdrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionthe people of Israel must lay their hands on the Levites0

The action “laying on hands” on someone was often done to dedicate them to Yahwehs work or service. Alternate translation: “The people Israel must lay their hands on the Levites, dedicating them to me”

9798:11u7v5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileas a wave offering0

Aaron was to present the Levites to Yahweh with the same amount of dedication as if they were a sacrifice given to him. Alternate translation: “if they were a wave offering”

9808:12fq8nrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionThe Levites must place their hands on the heads of the bulls0

This is a symbolic action that identifies the Levites with the animals being offered. In this way the person is offering himself through the animal to Yahweh.

9818:13n5r9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-similelift them up as a wave offering to me0

Aaron was to present the Levites to Yahweh as if he were lifting up an offering to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “dedicate them to me, as if you were lifting them up a wave offering to me”

9828:15g1xtrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitYou must purify them. You must offer them as a wave offering0

Yahweh repeats these things to emphasize their importance. This must happen before the Levites go to serve at the tent of meeting. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “But first, you must purify them. You must offer them as a wave offering”

9838:15jl1mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileYou must offer them as a wave offering0

Aaron was to present the Levites to Yahweh as if they were a wave offering to him. Alternate translation: “You must dedicate them to me, as if you were presenting a wave offering to me”

9848:16fh6zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismeach male child who opens the womb, the firstborn0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasize the firstborn sons.

9858:16wn5hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiommale child who opens the womb0

This is an idiom. “To open the womb” means to give birth for the first time. Here this refers to the first male child to which a mother gives birth. Alternate translation: “child who is the firstborn son of his mother”

9868:17f6xgrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismI took the lives0

This is a polite way of referring to when a person kills someone. Alternate translation: “I killed”

9878:17a23tI set them apart0

Here “them” refers to “the firstborn from among the people of Israel.”

9888:18c4qlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisI have taken the Levites … instead of all the firstborn0

The idea of “taking” is understood from the first part of the sentence and can be repeated in the second. Alternate translation: “I have taken the Levites … instead taking all of the firstborn”

9898:19s2hrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorI have given the Levites as a gift to Aaron and his sons0

Yahweh appointing the Levites to help Aaron and his sons is spoken of as if they were a gift that Yahweh were giving to Aaron and his sons.

9908:19f88sI have taken them … I have given them0

Here “them” refers to the Levites.

9918:19av6bwhen they come near0

Here “they” refers to the people of Israel.

9928:20r3gbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismMoses, Aaron, and the whole community of the people of Israel … The people of Israel did this with them0

Here there are three parallel sentences that give the same information. It is repeated to emphasize that the people did to the Levites as Yahweh had commanded. Alternate translation: “Moses, Aaron, and the whole community of the people of Israel did with the Levites everything that Yahweh had commanded Moses concerning the Levites”

9938:22xtr2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsto do their service0

The word “service,” an abstract noun, can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “to serve”

9948:22f444before Aaron and before Aarons sons0

Alternate translation: “in the presence of Aaron and his sons”

9958:22x68hThis was0

Alternate translation: “What they did was”

9968:22lzx3They treated all the Levites in this way0

The word “They” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “They did to the Levites what Yahweh commanded”

9978:24ygl7All of this is for the Levites0

Alternate translation: “All of these commandments are for the Levites”

9988:24q65xrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberstwenty-five years old0

Alternate translation: “25 years old”

9998:24l8m6must join the company to serve in the tent of meeting0

The word “company” refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 4:3.

10008:25hw8krc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersat the age of fifty years0

Alternate translation: “at 50 years old” or “when they become 50 years old”

10019:introp8ra0

Numbers 9 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Passover

This chapter records the celebration of the Passover for the first time since it began. The people kept the Passover as directed by the Lord. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]])

10029:1zi29rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalin the first month of the second year after they came out from the land of Egypt0

This means that they had come out of Egypt a year earlier. They were beginning their second year in the wilderness.

10039:1w91frc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonthsבַּ⁠חֹ֥דֶשׁ הָ⁠רִאשׁ֖וֹן1

This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God brought the people of Israel out of Egypt.

10049:1ku29rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomafter they came out from the land of Egypt0

Here “they” refers to the people of Israel. The phrase “came out” means to leave. Alternate translation: “after they left the land of Egypt”

10059:2c6grrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitLet the people … at its fixed time of year0

The word “fixed” means “previously set.” This means that this is when the observe it every year. Alternate translation: “Let the people … at the time of year they currently observe it”

10069:3vk82rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitOn the fourteenth day … at its fixed time of year0

This is the set time of year that they celebrate the Passover. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “On the fourteenth day … and observe it, for this is the time you do celebrate it every year”

10079:3an5nrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe fourteenth day0

Alternate translation: “day 14”

10089:3bb9qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismfollow all the regulations, and obey all the decrees0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize that they needed to obey the commands.

10099:3p35mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomYou must keep it0

Here the phrase “keep it” is an idiom which means to observe it. Alternate translation: “You must observe it” or “You must celebrate it”

10109:4zr42rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomkeep the Festival of the Passover0

Here the word “keep” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Festival of the Passover” or “celebrate the Festival of the Passover”

10119:5q5mvrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonthsבָּ⁠רִאשׁ֡וֹן בְּ⁠אַרְבָּעָה֩ עָשָׂ֨ר י֥וֹם לַ⁠חֹ֛דֶשׁ1

This refers to time in the Jewish calendar.

10129:6n99krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitbecame unclean by the body of a dead man0

This implies that they touched the dead man, which made them unclean. You can make clear the full meaning of this statement. Alternate translation: “became unclean because they touched the body of a dead man”

10139:6fh1wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorunclean0

A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean.

10149:6uhc8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomkeep the Passover0

Here the word “keep” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Passover” or “celebrate the Passover”

10159:7g6utrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitbecause of the dead body of a man0

This means that they had touched a dead mans body. You can make the full meaning of this statement clear. Alternate translation: “because we have touched the body of a dead man”

10169:7uun2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhy do you keep us from offering the sacrifice … among the people of Israel?0

The men ask this question in order to complain that they are not allowed to participate in celebrating the Passover. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “It is not fair that you keep us away from offering the sacrifice … among the people of Israel.”

10179:7w1xefixed0

set or predetermined

10189:10t4tmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorunclean0

A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean.

10199:10z9zwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitbecause of a dead body0

This refers to someone touching a dead body. Alternate translation: “because you have touched a dead body”

10209:10r2ytrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomkeep the Passover0

Here the word “keep” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Passover” or “celebrate the Passover”

10219:11y3qarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomeat the Passover0

Here the word “eat” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Passover” or “celebrate the Passover”

10229:11s5xbrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonthsבַּ⁠חֹ֨דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֜י בְּ⁠אַרְבָּעָ֨ה עָשָׂ֥ר י֛וֹם1

This refers to time in the Jewish calendar. Alternate translation: “day 14 of month 2”

10239:11mks7at evening0

Alternate translation: “at sunset”

10249:11jjy6with bread that is made without yeast0

Alternate translation: “with bread that contains no yeast”

10259:11p8inbitter herbs0

These are small plants that have a strong and usually bad taste.

10269:12p3rhor break any of its bones0

Alternate translation: “and they must not break any of its bones”

10279:13w4fsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorany person who is clean0

A person who God considers spiritually acceptable is spoken of as if the person were physically clean.

10289:13we52rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomkeep the Passover0

Here the word “keep” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Passover” or “celebrate the Passover”

10299:13vx69rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorוְ⁠נִכְרְתָ֛ה הַ⁠נֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַ⁠הִ֖וא1

Here the phrase cut off means to be disowned and sent away. Alternate translation: “and that person must be sent away”

10309:13h37grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוְ⁠נִכְרְתָ֛ה הַ⁠נֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַ⁠הִ֖וא1

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and you must send that person away”

10319:13n841fixed0

set or predetermined

10329:13j8p3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorThat man must carry his sin0

Here the concept of the man having to bear the consequences of his sin is spoken of as if his sin were a heavy object that he had to carry. Alternate translation: “That man must bear the punishment for his sin”

10339:14ln14rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youlives among you0

Here “you” is plural and refers to the people of Israel.

10349:14t2rfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismhe must keep it according to the statute of the Passover and according to its rule0

The words “statute” and “rule” mean basically the same thing and are used together to emphasize that the stranger must obey all of the rules about the Passover. Alternate translation: “that stranger must keep it and do all that Yahweh has commanded concerning the Passover”

10359:14bz6xin the land0

Alternate translation: “in the land of Israel”

10369:15yg8grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe tabernacle was set up0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the Levites set up the tabernacle”

10379:15b1a2the tent of the covenant decrees0

This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated the phrase “the tabernacle of the covenant decrees” in Numbers 1:50.

10389:15z3jdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileIt appeared like fire until morning0

This refers to the clouds appearance during the night. Here the cloud is compared to looking like a fire. Alternate translation: “During the night the cloud looked like a huge fire until morning”

10399:16xiu9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIt continued that way0

It may be helpful to explain that this refers to the cloud being over the tabernacle. Alternate translation: “The cloud remained this way over the tabernacle”

10409:16e3lcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileappeared like fire at night0

The clouds appearance is compared to a huge fire. Alternate translation: “it looked like a huge fire at night”

10419:17s8akrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe cloud was taken up0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “moved” or “Yahweh took up the cloud”

10429:17tp1cthe cloud stopped0

Alternate translation: “the cloud stopped moving”

10439:18zmr7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsAt Yahwehs command0

The word “command” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “When Yahweh commanded”

10449:20ech9on the tabernacle0

Alternate translation: “over the tabernacle”

10459:20jqu8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiommake camp0

Here the word “make” means to “set up.” Alternate translation: “set up their camp”

10469:21a7ugrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitfrom evening until morning0

This means that the cloud only stayed over the tabernacle for one night. You make clear the full meaning of this statement. Alternate translation: “only from evening until morning” or “over the tabernacle for only one night”

10479:21ynz2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIf it continued0

The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. “If the cloud stayed over the tabernacle”

10489:21zn66only when the cloud lifted would they journey on0

Alternate translation: “then after the cloud moved they would travel”

10499:22y7i4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe cloud was taken up0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the cloud rose up” or “Yahweh took up the cloud”

10509:23acm7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsat Yahwehs command0

The word “command” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh commanded”

10519:23h49src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveYahwehs command given through Moses0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the command that Yahweh had given through Moses”

105210:introvix60

Numbers 10 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Trumpets

In the ancient Near East, trumpets were used for many purposes. They were used to call people together. They were also used to lead people into battle.

Israel starts to move

Each tribe had its place in line as did the tabernacle. Their movements through the desert were very deliberate and ordered. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])

105310:2a5wurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyMake two silver trumpets0

This means that Yahweh commanded Moses to have someone make the trumpet. He did not make them himself. Alternate translation: “Tell someone to make two silver trumpets”

105410:2a3nlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyYou must use the trumpets0

Moses will not blow the trumpets himself, but he will command the priests to blow them.

105510:3k8w4in front of you0

This means that Moses was to be there with the priest when he blew the trumpets. Alternate translation: “while you are present”

105610:4c73mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismthe leaders, the heads of the clans of Israel0

These two phrases refer to the same group of people. Here the second phrase is used to describe the first phrase. Alternate translation: “the leaders, who are the heads of the clans of Israel”

105710:5vt88rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youוּ⁠תְקַעְתֶּ֖ם תְּרוּעָ֑ה1

Here the word you is plural. Yahweh is speaking to Moses, but he his referring to the priests.

105810:5a48lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyוּ⁠תְקַעְתֶּ֖ם תְּרוּעָ֑ה1

The priests will blow the trumpets, Moses will not. Alternate translation: “And they shall blow a blast”

105910:6m9abrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youוּ⁠תְקַעְתֶּ֤ם תְּרוּעָה֙ שֵׁנִ֔ית1

Here the word you is plural. Yahweh is speaking to Moses, but he his referring to the priests.

106010:6huycrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyוּ⁠תְקַעְתֶּ֤ם תְּרוּעָה֙ שֵׁנִ֔ית1

The priests will blow the trumpets, Moses will not. Alternate translation: “And they shall blow a second blast”

106110:6hik8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe second time0

Alternate translation: “time number 2” or “again”

106210:6bv3wThey must blow a loud signal for their journeys0

Alternate translation: “They” refers to the priests and the word “their” refers to the people of Israel.

106310:7cga9When the community gathers together0

Alternate translation: “To gather the community together”

106410:8ias7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yoube a regulation for you0

Here “you” is plural and refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “be a rule for you”

106510:9em5lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheWhen you go to war … oppresses you0

Yahweh is speaking to Moses and uses the word “you,” but he is actually referring the people of Israel going to war. Alternate translation: “When the people of Israel to war … oppresses Israel”

106610:9mze9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythen you must sound an alarm with the trumpets0

Here Yahweh again speaks to Moses using the word “you” but actually wants Moses to have the priests blow the trumpets. Alternate translation: “then you must command the priests to sound an alarm with the trumpets”

106710:9unu5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomcall you to mind0

This phrase “call to mind” means to remember. Alternate translation: “remember you”

106810:10k3j1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsof celebration0

The noun “celebration” can be expressed with the verb “celebrate.” Alternate translation: “when you celebrate”

106910:10elw2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyyou must blow the trumpets0

Here Yahweh again speaks to Moses using the word “you,” but actually wants him to have the priests blow the trumpets. Alternate translation: “you must command the priests to blow the trumpets”

107010:10cu9lrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonthsat the beginnings of the months0

There are 12 months on the Hebrew calendar. The beginning phase of the moon with its sliver of light marked the beginning of each month in the lunar calendar.

107110:10d7ndrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youyour burnt offerings … your fellowship offerings … you to me0

In these phrases the words “your” and “you” are plural and refer to the people of Israel.

107210:10fs2wover the sacrifices0

Alternate translation: “in honor of the sacrifices”

107310:10ii25rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounswill act as a reminder of you to me0

The word “reminder” can be expressed with the verb “remind.” Alternate translation: “will always remind you of me”

107410:10da3qThese will act0

The word “these” refers to the trumpets and the sacrifices.

107510:11g9q8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalIn the second year0

This refers to the second year after Yahweh brought the Israelites out of Egypt. Alternate translation: “In year 2”

107610:11etr3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalבַּ⁠חֹ֥דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֖י בְּ⁠עֶשְׂרִ֣ים בַּ⁠חֹ֑דֶשׁ1
107710:11obourc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonthsבַּ⁠חֹ֥דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֖י בְּ⁠עֶשְׂרִ֣ים בַּ⁠חֹ֑דֶשׁ1

This is the second month of the Hebrew calendar. Alternate translation: “on day 20 of month 2”

107810:11be2grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe cloud was lifted0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the cloud rose up” or “Yahweh lifted the cloud”

107910:11gt38the tabernacle of the covenant decrees0

The tabernacle was also called by this longer name because the ark with the law of God was placed inside it. See how you translated this in Numbers 1:50.

108010:13qmj1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveYahwehs command given through Moses0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the commands that Yahweh had given through Moses”

108110:14x7lpThe camp under the banner of Judahs descendants0

This camp includes the three tribes under the division of Judah: Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun.

108210:14pjd4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalwent out first0

They packed up their camp and they left that place before all the others left.

108310:14dc5vNahshon son of Amminadab0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:7.

108410:15w1anNethanel son of Zuar0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:8.

108510:16d9kaEliab son of Helon0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:9.

108610:17drx6Gershon … Merari0

See how you translated these mens names in Numbers 3:17.

108710:18fj8ythe armies under the banner of Reubens camp0

This refers to the armies of the tribes under the division of Reuben: Reuben, Simeon, and Gad.

108810:18tn9fElizur son of Shedeur0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:5.

108910:19yx6mShelumiel son of Zurishaddai0

See how you translated this mans name Numbers 1:6.

109010:20r29yEliasaph son of Deuel0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:14.

109110:21n1ggKohathites0

This refers to the descendants of Kohath. See how you translated this in Numbers 3:27.

109210:22q3rxThe armies under the banner of Ephraims descendants0

This refers to the armies of the tribes under the division of Ephraim: Ephraim, Manasseh, and Benjamin.

109310:22rfy7Elishama son of Ammihud0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:10.

109410:23g3jnGamaliel son of Pedahzur0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:10.

109510:24f97kAbidan son of Gideoni0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:11.

109610:25m8a2The armies that camped under the banner of Dans descendants0

This refers to the armies of the tribes under the division of Dan: Dan, Asher, and Naphtali.

109710:25bi6dAhiezer son of Ammishaddai0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:12.

109810:26c4ypPagiel son of Okran0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:13.

109910:27g3gkAhira son of Enan0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 1:15.

110010:29eup1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHobab son of Reuel0

This is the name of a man.

110110:29ggx5that Yahweh described0

Alternate translation: “that Yahweh described to us”

110210:29w51lwe will do you good0

Alternate translation: “we will treat you well”

110310:31pn47rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomYou must watch out for us0

The phrase “watch out” means to guide and to take care of. Alternate translation: “You can guide us and show us how to live in the desert”

110410:33q53aThey journeyed0

Alternate translation: “They” refers to the people of Israel.

110510:33hp2qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe mountain of Yahweh0

This refers to Mount Sinai. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Mount Sinai, the mountain of Yahweh”

110610:33ilz3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationThe ark of the covenant of Yahweh went before them0

The group of Levites carrying the ark of the covenant went before the people of Israel as the traveled. Alternate translation: “Men carried the ark of the covenant of Yahweh before them as they traveled”

110710:34r4vxby daylight0

Alternate translation: “every day” or “during the day”

110810:35rz81rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationWhenever the ark set out0

Here the ark is spoken of as if were a person traveling. The ark was really being carried by men. Alternate translation: “Whenever the people carrying the ark set out”

110910:35hqm2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorRise up, Yahweh0

Here the phrase “rise up” is a request for Yahweh to act, in this case Moses is asking him to scatter their enemies.

111010:35n947rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorMake those who hate you run from you0

Here Moses speaks about Yahweh causing their enemies to flee from the people of Israel as if they were fleeing from Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “Make those who hate you run away from your ark and your people”

111110:36a1nprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationWhenever the ark stopped0

Here the ark is spoken of as if were a person traveling. The ark was really being carried by men. Alternate translation: “Whenever the people carrying the ark stopped”

111210:36s46drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitmany tens of thousands0

This refers to people. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “many tens of thousands of people”

111311:introt7jv0

Numbers 11 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Complaining

Moses complained about having too much responsibility. Therefore, God gave seventy men the spirit of prophecy to help Moses. The people complained about food, even though Yahweh was miraculously providing them with their food. The people complained because they did not have meat or fish to eat. God sent them quail. He punished some of the people, but it does not say why God did this. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])

111411:1y6b3Fire from Yahweh burned0

Alternate translation: “Yahweh sent fire that burned”

111511:3n5yerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThat place was named0

This can be stated in the active form. Alternate translation: “They named that place”

111611:4tfn7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWho will give us meat to eat?0

The Israelites ask this question in order to complain and to express their desire for something other than manna to eat. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We wish that we had meat to eat.”

111711:6s5bqour appetite is gone0

Alternate translation: “we do not want to eat” or “we cannot eat”

111811:7wpg9coriander seed0

Coriander is also known as cilantro. This seed serves as a spice when dried.

111911:7y9r3resin0

This is a sticky substance with a pale yellow color.

112011:10uu2rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorin Moses eyes0

he eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “in Moses opinion” or “in Moses judgement”

112111:11zm5krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion0

General Information:

Moses complains to Yahweh using several rhetorical questions.

112211:11qg3brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123personלָ⁠מָ֤ה הֲרֵעֹ֨תָ֙ לְ⁠עַבְדֶּ֔⁠ךָ1

Moses speaks of himself in the third person. Alternate translation: “Why do you do evil to me?”

112311:11eej5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionלָ⁠מָ֤ה הֲרֵעֹ֨תָ֙ לְ⁠עַבְדֶּ֔⁠ךָ וְ⁠לָ֛⁠מָּה לֹא־ מָצָ֥תִי חֵ֖ן בְּ⁠עֵינֶ֑י⁠ךָ לָ⁠שׂ֗וּם אֶת־ מַשָּׂ֛א כָּל־ הָ⁠עָ֥ם הַ⁠זֶּ֖ה עָלָֽ⁠י1

Moses used these questions to complain about the way God was treating him. They can be expressed as statements. Alternate translation: “You should not treat me, your servant, so badly. You should not be angry with me by making me responsible for what all these people have done!”

112411:11jll4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorYou make me carry the load of all these people0

Moses complains and speaks of leading the people and providing for them as if he were carrying a heavy load. Alternate translation: “You make me responsible for all these people, but its too hard for me”

112511:12hah2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionDid I conceive all these people?0

Moses used this question to remind God that Moses was not their father. Alternate translation: “I am not the father of all these people.”

112611:12iw91rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHave I given them birth so that you should say to me, Carry … baby?0

Moses wants God to remember that God told him to take care of the Israelites even though Moses was not their father. Alternate translation: “I have not given them birth, so you have no right to say to me, Carry … baby!”

112711:12p2qzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorCarry them closely to your chest0

To take care of the Israelites is spoken of as if it were to carry a helpless newborn baby.

112811:12b2i5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionShould I carry them … to give them?0

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not expect me to carry them … to give them!” or “I am not able to carry them … to give them!”

112911:13pr1grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhere can I find meat to give to all this people?0

Moses used this question to complain that it was impossible for him to give meat to all the people. Alternate translation: “I cannot possibly find enough meat to give to all these people.”

113011:14is35rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorI cannot bear all these people alone0

Moses speaks of leading and providing for the people as if he were carrying them. Alternate translation: “I cannot provide for all these people alone”

113111:14x4d7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomThey are too much for me0

This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “This responsibility is too difficult for me”

113211:17tp3hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymysome of the Spirit that is on you0

The “Spirit” here represents the power that Gods Spirit had given to Moses so that Moses could do what God told him to do. Alternate translation: “some of the power that the Spirit has given you”

113311:17dz3zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorThey will bear the burden of the people with you0

God speaks of the responsibility of leading and providing for the people as if it were a burden that Moses and the leaders would carry. Alternate translation: “They will help you care for the people”

113411:17qll3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorYou will not have to bear it alone0

God speaks of the responsibility of leading and providing for the people as if it were a burden that Moses and the leaders would carry. Alternate translation: “You will not care for them alone”

113511:18mc86rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWho will give us meat to eat?0

The Israelites had asked this question in order to complain and to express their desire for something other than manna to eat. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We wish that we had meat to eat.”

113611:20mhi2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoruntil it comes out of your nostrils0

This could mean: (1) God speaks of vomiting as if the food would come out through their nostrils. Alternate translation: “until you are sick and vomit” or (2) they would eat so much meat that it would be as if it would come out of their nostrils. Alternate translation: “until it feels like it would have to come out of your nostrils”

113711:20r2iyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhy did we leave Egypt?0

The people had used this question to express regret and to complain. Alternate translation: “We never should have left Egypt.”

113811:21sej6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers600,000 people0

Alternate translation: “six hundred thousand people”

113911:22tbn5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionShould we kill flocks and herds to satisfy them? Should we catch all the fish in the sea to satisfy them?0

Moses uses these questions to express his doubt that there could be enough meat to feed all of the people. Alternate translation: “We would have to kill entire flocks and herds and catch all the fish in the sea to satisfy them!”

114011:22xap3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletflocks and herds0

These two words mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize a great number of animals.

114111:22c3w9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperboleall the fish in the sea0

The word “all” is an exaggeration to show how impossible it was to provide food for all the people of Israel.

114211:22u4s6to satisfy them0

Alternate translation: “to satisfy their hunger”

114311:23ky75rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyהֲ⁠יַ֥ד יְהוָ֖ה תִּקְצָ֑ר1

Here the word hand represents Gods power. Alternate translation: “Do you think that I am not powerful enough to do this?”

114411:23wp9rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionהֲ⁠יַ֥ד יְהוָ֖ה תִּקְצָ֑ר1

God uses this question to rebuke Moses for thinking that God did not have the power to provide enough meat for the people. Alternate translation: “You should know I am more than strong enough to do this.”

114511:24qz74Yahwehs words0

Alternate translation: “what Yahweh had said”

114611:25c9s5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymysome of the Spirit that was on Moses0

The “Spirit” here represents the power that Gods Spirit had given to Moses. See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 11:17. Alternate translation: “some of the power that the Spirit had given to Moses”

114711:25g325rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorput it on the seventy elders0

Giving power to the elders is spoken of as putting the Spirit on them. See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 11:17. Alternate translation: “gave it to the seventy elders”

114811:25i7ynrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorWhen the Spirit rested on them0

Having power from the Spirit is spoken of as if the Spirit rested on them. Alternate translation: “When they had power from the Spirit”

114911:26dn97rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorThe Spirit also rested on them0

The Spirit giving them power is spoken of as if the Spirit rested on them. Alternate translation: “The Spirit also gave them power”

115011:26b766rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveTheir names were written on the list0

This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses had written their names on the list”

115111:28p5f7stop them0

Alternate translation: “tell them to stop prophesying”

115211:29x4narc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionAre you jealous for my sake?0

Moses uses this question to rebuke Joshua. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement, if necessary. Alternate translation: “You should not be jealous for my sake.”

115311:29sl5xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitAre you jealous for my sake?0

What Joshua might have been jealous about can be stated clearly if needed. Alternate translation: “Are you concerned that they might be taking away something that belongs to me?” or “Are you concerned that people will not respect my authority?”

115411:29nm1src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorthat he would put his Spirit on them all0

Moses speaks of Gods Spirit giving people power as if God were to put his Spirit on them. Alternate translation: “that Gods Spirit would give them all power”

115511:31esv9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownquail0

a small bird

115611:31k1e2about a days journey on one side and a days journey on the other side0

Alternate translation: “in each direction for as far as a person could walk in one day”

115711:31w6alrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistanceוּ⁠כְ⁠אַמָּתַ֖יִם1

A cubit is a unit of measurement equal to about 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “and about 92 centimeters” or “and about 1 meter”

115811:32t6d9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegativesNo one gathered less than ten homers of quail0

This is a double negative which can be expressed as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “Everyone gathered at least ten homers of quail”

115911:32r8bgrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeten homers0

A homer is a unit of volume equal to about 220 liters. Alternate translation: “2,200 liters”

116011:33zs3jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismWhile the meat was still between their teeth, while they were chewing it0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize that God punished them immediately, even while they were eating the meat. Alternate translation: “While they were still eating the meat”

116111:34xkj8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesוַ⁠יִּקְרָ֛א אֶת־ שֵֽׁם־ הַ⁠מָּק֥וֹם הַ⁠ה֖וּא קִבְר֣וֹת הַֽתַּאֲוָ֑ה1

This was the same place that was formerly called, “Taberah” in 11:3. Alternate translation: “They named that place Kibroth Hattaavah”

116211:35j14nrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHazeroth0

This is the name of a place in the desert.

116312:introqam40

Numbers 12 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 12:68.

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Idiom

God used the idiom “mouth to mouth” meaning “speaking directly with both people present.” This indicated that Moses was more than just a prophet and greater than other prophets. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])

116412:2h4pvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHas Yahweh spoken only with Moses? Has he not spoken also with us?0

Miriam and Aaron use these questions to complain that Moses had so much authority and they did not. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has not spoken only with Moses. He has also spoken with us.”

116512:2aac3Now Yahweh heard0

The word “Now” hear draws attention to the important point that follows.

116612:3v4cprc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-backgroundNow the man Moses0

Alternate translation: “Now” is used to mark a break in the main story line. The narrator tells background information about Moses character.

116712:5nrn9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphora pillar of cloud0

The shape of the cloud is spoken of as if it were a pillar. Alternate translation: “a cloud shaped like a pillar” or “a tall cloud”

116812:7q7syMy servant Moses is not like that0

Alternate translation: “I do not speak to Moses like that”

116912:7m3bfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyHe is faithful in all my house0

Here “my house” represents the nation of Israel. Being faithful in Gods house represents being faithful in leading Israel. Alternate translation: “Moses leads my people faithfully” or “Moses is the one whom I trust to lead my people Israel”

117012:8n7drrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionSo why are you unafraid to speak against my servant, against Moses?0

Yahweh asks this question to rebuke Miriam and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should be afraid to speak against my servant, against Moses.”

117112:8f9rhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismagainst my servant, against Moses0

The phrase “against Moses” clarifies that he is the “servant” of whom Yahweh speaks. Alternate translation: “against my servant, Moses”

117212:9b7b8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorYahwehs anger burned against them0

Yahwehs anger is spoken of as if it were a fire. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry with them”

117312:10e5f3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-similewas as white as snow0

Leprosy turned Miriams skin white. Alternate translation: “became very white”

117412:11e1ytrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymydo not hold this sin against us0

To hold peoples sin against them is to say that they are guilty for their sin. Here it represents punishing them for their sin.

117512:12ml35rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileאַל־ נָ֥א תְהִ֖י כַּ⁠מֵּ֑ת1

Aaron compares the deadly leprosy of Miriam to a stillborn baby who has begun to decompose.

117612:13tf8rPlease heal her, God, please0

Here “please” is repeated for emphasis.

117712:14f2gqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypoוְ⁠אָבִ֨י⁠הָ֙ יָרֹ֤ק יָרַק֙ בְּ⁠פָנֶ֔י⁠הָ1

This describes something that could have happened but did not.

117812:14iv3zrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionוְ⁠אָבִ֨י⁠הָ֙ יָרֹ֤ק יָרַק֙ בְּ⁠פָנֶ֔י⁠הָ1

Spitting in someones face was a terrible insult.

117912:15dk19rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorMiriam was shut outside the camp0

Being sent out of the camp and not being allowed to go back in is spoken of as if there were a door that was closed behind her. Alternate translation: “Miriam was sent outside the camp” or “Miriam was kept outside the camp”

118012:15ww7lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveMiriam was shut outside the camp0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Moses shut Miriam outside the camp” or “Moses sent Miriam outside the camp”

118112:16w7urHazeroth0

This is the name of a place in the desert. See how you translated it in Numbers 11:35.

118213:introa1bi0

Numbers 13 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Spies

Leaders from each of the tribes went to spy on the Promised Land in Canaan. Yahweh was not concerned with how many people were there, because he could defeat them. It appears that he is testing the faith of the people. The people were supposed to be excited to enter this wonderful land, instead they were afraid. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/test]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])

118313:2mg6wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuturewhich I have given0

God had decided that the land of Canaan would belong to the people of Israel, but they had not yet moved into it. Alternate translation: “which I have decided to give” or “which I will soon give”

118413:2t5e2Each man must be a leader among them0

Alternate translation: “Each man whom you send must be a leader among his tribe”

118513:4l3bhrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesShammua son of Zaccur0

These are mens names.

118613:5eby6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesShaphat … Hori0

These are mens names.

118713:6c885rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJephunneh0

A mans name.

118813:7tja2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesIgal0

A mans name.

118913:8yw3krc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesNun0

A mans name.

119013:9l162rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesPalti … Raphu0

These are mens names.

119113:10sbw9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGaddiel … Sodi0

These are mens names.

119213:11n7llrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGaddi … Susi0

These are mens names.

119313:11f5ifrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitfrom the tribe of Joseph (that is to say, from the tribe Manasseh)0

The relationship between Joseph and Manasseh can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “from the tribe of Josephs son Manasseh”

119413:12hpf5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAmmiel … Gemalli0

These are mens names.

119513:13x1fnrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesSethur … Michael0

These are mens names.

119613:14m5uerc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesNahbi … Vophsi0

These are mens names.

119713:15f4tzrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeuel … Maki0

These are mens names.

119813:16bb3lHoshea son of Nun0

See how you translated these mens names in Numbers 13:8.

119913:19kv19rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionIs it good or bad? What cities are there? Are they like camps, or are they fortified cities?0

Moses asks these questions to explain the kind of information that the men were to report back to him. These can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “See if the land is good or bad, what kind of cities are there, and whether those cities are only camps, or whether they have defensive walls around them.”

120013:19x34fAre they like camps, or are they fortified cities0

Fortified cities had strong walls around them to protect them from enemy armies. Camps did not have these walls.

120113:21t6carc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesZin … Rehob0

These are names of places.

120213:21ubr4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliteratethe wilderness of Zin0

The word “Zin” here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness.

120313:22f2jurc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesZoan0

This is the name of a place.

120413:22vki3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוְ⁠חֶבְר֗וֹן שֶׁ֤בַע שָׁנִים֙ נִבְנְתָ֔ה לִ⁠פְנֵ֖י צֹ֥עַן מִצְרָֽיִם1

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And the Canaanites had built Hebron seven years before the Egyptians built Zoan”

120513:22z3rnrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAhiman … Sheshai … Talmai0

These are names of clans that were named after their ancestors.

120613:22i3eirc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAnak0

This is the name of a man.

120713:23hg6erc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesEshkol0

This is the name of a place.

120813:23th6kbetween two of their group0

Alternate translation: “between two men of their group”

120913:24rxd9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThat place was named0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They named that place”

121013:25ky7rrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersAfter forty days0

Alternate translation: “After 40 days”

121113:26kr4lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyThey brought back word0

Here “word” refers to a report. Alternate translation: “They brought back their report” or “They reported what they had seen”

121213:27id7vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorוְ֠⁠גַם זָבַ֨ת חָלָ֥ב וּ⁠דְבַ֛שׁ הִ֖וא1

They spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. Alternate translation: “And it is certainly excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” or “And it is certainly a very fertile land”

121313:27q2asrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymymilk0

Since milk comes from cows and goats, it represents livestock and the food produced from the livestock. Alternate translation: “food from livestock”

121413:27qn6hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyhoney0

Since honey is produced from flowers, it represents crops and the food produced from the crops. Alternate translation: “food from crops”

121513:32du7cthey spread around … They said0

Here “they” refers to all of the men who examined the land except for Caleb and Joshua.

121613:32e74qthe land that they had examined0

Here “they” refers to all of the men who examined the land including Caleb and Joshua.

121713:32i1fsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphora land that eats up its inhabitants0

The men speak of the land, or the people of the land, being very dangerous as if the land ate up people. Alternate translation: “a very dangerous land” or “a land where the people will kill us”

121813:33zz8mrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAnak0

This is the name of a man.

121913:33ckl6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorIn our own sight … in their sight0

Here sight represents evaluation and judgement. Alternate translation: “In our own opinion … in their opinion” or “In our own judgement … in their judgement”

122013:33s8xmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-similewe were like grasshoppers in comparison with them0

The men speak of grasshoppers to show how very small they thought themselves to be compared to the people of the land. Alternate translation: “we are as small as grasshoppers in comparison with them”

122114:intropaw90

Numbers 14 General Notes

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Rhetorical Questions

The author uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. These questions indicate that people did not have faith in Yahweh. Yahweh also uses rhetorical questions to show the peoples lack of faith. (See: [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])

122214:3r8f9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhy did Yahweh bring us to this land to die by the sword?0

The people use this question in order to complain and accuse Yahweh of treating them unfairly. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Yahweh should not have brought us to this land only to die by the sword.”

122314:3c2aprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyto die by the sword0

Here “the sword” represents either being killed by the sword or being killed in battle. Alternate translation: “to die when people attack us with swords” or “to die in battle” or

122414:3y89nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionIs it not better for us to return to Egypt?0

The people use this question to encourage people to agree with them that it would be better to return to Egypt. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “It would be better for us to return to Egypt than to try to conquer Canaan.”

122514:4t6qpThey said to each another0

This refers to the people of Israel.

122614:5f4j7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionlay facedown0

Moses and Aaron did this to show that they were humbling themselves before God. They feared that God might punish the people for rebelling against him. Alternate translation: “lay facedown in humility to God” or “lay facedown to pray to God”

122714:6p2vsrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesNun … Jephunneh0

These are names of men.

122814:6d9igrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivewho were some of those sent0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “who were some of those whom Moses sent”

122914:6s58brc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactiontore their clothes0

Tearing ones clothes was a gesture indicating the person is very troubled and is mourning.

123014:8nc38rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorThe land flows with milk and honey0

They spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants flowed through it. See how you translated this in Numbers 13:27. Alternate translation: “It is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” or “It is very fertile land”

123114:9mdvxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarativeאַל־תִּמְרֹדוּ֒ וְ⁠אַתֶּ֗ם אַל־תִּֽירְאוּ֙ & אַל־תִּירָאֻֽ⁠ם1

In this verse, shall indicates a command. See the discussion of shall in the book introduction.

123214:9yk5grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorכִּ֥י לַחְמֵ֖⁠נוּ הֵ֑ם1

Joshua and Caleb speak of destroying their enemies as easily as if they were eating bread. Alternate translation: “for we will destroy them as easily as we can eat food”

123314:9en4qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveTheir protection will be removed from them0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will remove their protection from them”

123414:9z1a2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsTheir protection0

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word protection, you can express the same idea with “protect.” Alternate translation: “Anyone that might protect them”

123514:11g9t8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHow long must this people despise me? How long must they fail to trust me, despite all the signs … them?0

Yahweh uses these questions to show that he was angry and had lost patience with the people. They can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “This people has despised me for too long. They have failed to trust me for too long, despite all the signs … them.”

123614:12fg73disinherit them0

This may imply that he would destroy them, and some versions translate it that way. Alternate translation: “reject them from being my people”

123714:12i52qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youmake from your own clan0

Here “your” is singular and refers to Moses.

123814:14ugy1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoryou are seen face to face0

This could mean: (1) Moses speaks of God showing himself to his people as if God had allowed them to actually see his face. Alternate translation: “they have seen you” or (2) Moses speaks of the intimate relationship between him and God as if Moses could see Gods face when God spoke to him. Alternate translation: “you speak directly to me”

123914:15py5frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoras one man0

Killing them all at the same time is spoken of as killing them as one person. Alternate translation: “all at one time”

124014:18rp6drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsabundant in covenant faithfulness0

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word faithfulness, you can express the same idea with “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “always faithful to his covenant” or “always faithfully loves his people”

124114:18gp2rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorHe will by no means clear the guilty0

Clearing away peoples sin is a metaphor for refusing to punish them. God would not clear away the sin of guilty people. Alternate translation: “He will always punish the guilty”

124214:18z9darc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhen he brings the punishment of the ancestors sin on their descendants0

Punishing people is spoken of as if punishment were an object that could be brought and put on people. Alternate translation: “when he punishes the guilty peoples descendants for the guilty peoples sins”

124314:21ft8lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveall the earth will be filled with my glory0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “my glory will fill all the earth”

124414:22nu5rthey have still tempted me0

Alternate translation: “they have continued to test me”

124514:22ksb4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomthese ten times0

Here the number 10 represents too many times. Alternate translation: “too many times”

124614:22hz59rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyhave not listened to my voice0

Here “listened” represents obedience, and Gods voice represents what he said. Alternate translation: “have not obeyed what I have said”

124714:24n5djrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyעֵ֣קֶב הָֽיְתָ֞ה ר֤וּחַ אַחֶ֨רֶת֙ עִמּ֔⁠וֹ1

Here, spirit represents his attitude. Caleb was willing to obey God. What his attitude was can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “because he has a different attitude”

124814:27tw5brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHow long must I tolerate this evil community that criticizes me?0

Yahweh asks this question because he has lost patience with the people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have tolerated this evil community who has criticized me long enough.”

124914:27xx71rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsI have heard the complaining of the people of Israel0

The word “complaining,” an abstract noun, can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “I have heard the people of Israel complain”

125014:28l1fyas you have spoken in my hearing0

Alternate translation: “as I have heard you say”

125114:29w3warc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyYour dead bodies will fall0

Their dead bodies falling represents them dying. Alternate translation: “You will die”

125214:29eyl2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveyou who were counted in the census0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you whom Moses counted in the census”

125314:29me6zfrom twenty years old and upward0

Alternate translation: “twenty years old and older”

125414:32aj16rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyyour dead bodies will fall0

Their dead bodies falling represents them dying. Alternate translation: “you will die”

125514:33kz3xYour children will be shepherds in the wilderness0

Some modern versions choose to translate, “Your children will wander in the wilderness.” This is because in ancient times, shepherds usually wandered from place to place so their flocks and herds could find pasture.

125614:33qfw3They must bear the consequences of your acts0

Alternate translation: “They must suffer the consequences of your acts” or “They must suffer because of your acts”

125714:33np7arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyuntil the end of your corpses0

A corpse is a dead body. The end of their corpses represents the last of the them dying. Alternate translation: “until the last one of you dies” or “until all of you die”

125814:34b4f1bear the consequences of your sins0

Alternate translation: “suffer the consequences of your sins” or “suffer because of your sins”

125914:35ymw2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitThey will be completely cut off0

This probably means that they will no longer exist. Alternate translation: “they will come to an end” or “they will all be destroyed”

126014:37s3psrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthese men who had brought out a bad report about the land were struck down, and they died of a plague before Yahweh0

The phrase “plague before Yahweh” shows that Yahweh struck them down. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh struck down these men who had brought out a bad report about the land, and they died”

126114:40a9pcLook, we are here0

They use these words to emphasize that they have changed their minds and now want to do what they should have done the day before. Your language may have a different way of showing this.

126214:41ey92rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhy are you now violating Yahwehs command?0

Moses asks this question to rebuke the people of Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not be violating Yahwehs command again.”

126314:42lu7src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarativeאַֽל־תַּעֲל֔וּ1

Here, shall not indicates a negative command. See the discussion of shall not in the book introduction.

126414:42e9xwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorYahweh is not with you0

Helping them is spoken of as being with them. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will not help you”

126514:42h2klrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveto prevent you from being defeated by your enemies0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “to prevent your enemies from defeating you” or “to give you victory over your enemies”

126614:43vu71rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyyou will die by the sword0

Here “the sword” refers to battle. Alternate translation: “you will die in battle” or “they will kill you when you fight against them”

126714:43wp6trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoryou turned back from following Yahweh0

Obeying Yahweh is spoken of as following him, and stopping doing that is spoken of as turning away from him. Alternate translation: “you stopped obeying Yahweh” or “you have decided not to obey Yahweh”

126814:43qj3crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorhe will not be with you0

Helping them is spoken of as being with them. Alternate translation: “he will not help you”

126914:44dy4mthey presumed to go up into the hill country0

Alternate translation: “they dared to go up into the hill country even though God did not approve”

127014:44c73cinto the hill country0

Much of the land of Israel is elevated. When the Israelites crossed the Jordan River valley to attack the Canaanites, there were hills that they had to climb in order to go farther into the land of Canaan.

127115:intros9dr0

Numbers 15 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Purifying the people

As the people travel through the wilderness, Yahweh is purifying them. He is doing this so that they are able to enter into the Promised Land. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/purify]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

Prostitution

The imagery of prostitution is commonly used in Scripture to indicate that Yahweh alone is to be worshiped. The people are compared to the prostitute because a husband is to only have a sexual relationship with his wife. Both the prostitute and the worship of other gods are violations of this exclusive relationship. Many cultures will struggle with this imagery because of a desire to use euphemisms. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc:///ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

127215:1kit40

General Information:

Numbers 15:132 tells what God told Moses to tell the people of Israel.

127315:3w63brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorto produce a pleasing aroma for Yahweh from the herd or the flock0

The Lords pleasure with the aroma represents his pleasure with the person who burns the offering. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by burning a sacrifice from the herd or the flock”

127415:4x238a burnt offering0

This refers to the offerings spoken of in Numbers 15:3.

127515:4yb2vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumea tenth of an ephah0

An ephah is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: “about 2 liters” or “two liters”

127615:4tf7wrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeone-fourth of a hin0

A hin is a unit of volume equal to about 3.7 liters. Alternate translation: “about 1 liter” or “one liter”

127715:6c6bqrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumetwo-tenths of an ephah0

An ephah is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: “4 liters” or “four and a half liters”

127815:6n7vurc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumea third of a hin0

A hin is a unit of volume equal to about 3.7 liters. Alternate translation: “one liter”

127915:7pp6erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorIt will produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh0

The Lords pleasure with the aroma represents his pleasure with the person who burns the offering. Alternate translation: “You will please Yahweh by offering it”

128015:9tu6yrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumethree-tenths of an ephah0

You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “six and one half liters”

128115:9r51wrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumehalf a hin0

You may convert this to a modern measure Alternate translation: “two liters”

128215:10l51mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivemade by fire0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you burn on the altar”

128315:10h4r6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorto produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh0

The Lord being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offers the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by offering it”

128415:11f88grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveIt must be done0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must do it”

128515:12a9x6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivemust be done as described0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must do as I have described”

128615:13p4ptrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivemade by fire0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that they burn on the altar”

128715:13ziu6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorto produce an aroma that is pleasing to Yahweh0

Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offers the sacrifice is spoken of as if Yahweh were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by offering it”

128815:14l1dirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivehe must make an offering made by fire0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he must burn an offering on the altar”

128915:14b1iarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorto produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh0

The Lord being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offers the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by offering it”

129015:15wi5kAs you are, so also must be the traveler0

This could mean: (1) “You and the traveler staying with you are alike before Yahweh” or (2) “The same law applies to both you and the traveler”

129115:15l678rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitHe must act as you act before Yahweh0

Because it says that they must act as the Israelites in Yahwehs presence, it is implied that they must obey all of Yahwehs commands. Alternate translation: “he must act as you act and obey all of Yahwehs commands”

129215:19w5icrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe food produced in the land0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the food that the land produces” or “the food that you produce in the land”

129315:20yt5qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe first of your dough0

This could mean: (1) the first grain that they would gather during the harvest or (2) the dough that they would make from the first of their grain.

129415:20i3c9a loaf0

Calling it a loaf implies that they would cooked the dough first.

129515:20huf4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomto raise it up as a raised offering0

This idiom “raise it up” refers to offering it as a gift. Alternate translation: “to offer it as a gift”

129615:20hum8a raised offering from the threshing floor0

The offering is spoken of as being from the threshing floor because this is where they would separate the grain from the other parts of the plant.

129715:22pp7r0

General Information:

The word “you” here refers to Israelite people.

129815:24mua7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorto produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh0

The Lord being pleased with the sincere worshipers who offer the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by burning it”

129915:24l26trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivemust be made a grain offering and drink offering0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must make a grain offering and drink offering”

130015:24w7mxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveas commanded by the decree0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as the decree commands” or “as I commanded when I made the decree”

130115:25xii5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThey will be forgiven0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will forgive them”

130215:25gs8crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivemade by fire0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that they made by fire” or “that they burned on the altar”

130315:26scd4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveall the community of the people of Israel will be forgiven0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will forgive all the community of the people of Israel”

130415:27de37a female goat a year old0

Alternate translation: “a 1-year-old female goat”

130515:28xn5jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThat person will be forgiven when atonement has been made0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will forgive that person when the priest has made atonement”

130615:30i7a8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorוְ⁠נִכְרְתָ֛ה הַ⁠נֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַ⁠הִ֖וא מִ⁠קֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽ⁠הּ1

The metaphor cut off could mean: (1) he must be sent away from Israel. (2) he must not be considered a member of the people of Israel anymore. (3) he must be killed.

130715:30x0iarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוְ⁠נִכְרְתָ֛ה הַ⁠נֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַ⁠הִ֖וא מִ⁠קֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽ⁠הּ1

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And his people must send him away” or “And I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” or “And you must kill him”

130815:31jjv8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyמִצְוָת֖⁠וֹ הֵפַ֑ר1

Not obeying a commandment of Yahweh is spoken of as breaking it. Alternate translation: “has disobeyed my commandment” or “has not obeyed what I commanded”

130915:31d6w9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyעֲוֺנָ֥⁠ה בָֽ⁠הּ1

Here, iniquity could refer to: (1) the punishment for that sin or (2) the guilt of that sin.

131015:31dzlsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorעֲוֺנָ֥⁠ה בָֽ⁠הּ1

Here, iniquity being on him is a metaphor that could mean: (1) he is being punished. Alternate translation: “I will punish him because of his sin” (2) he is guilty. Alternate translation: “I will consider him guilty”

131115:34rs36rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveit had not been declared what should be done with him0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh had not declared what they should do with him”

131215:35hw5xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThe man must surely be put to death0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must surely put the man to death” or “The man must surely die”

131315:38k8rmthe descendants of Israel0

Alternate translation: “the people of Israel”

131415:39hl7ato carry them out0

Alternate translation: “to obey them”

131515:39gwl3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorוְ⁠לֹֽא־ תָתֻ֜רוּ אַחֲרֵ֤י לְבַבְ⁠כֶם֙ וְ⁠אַחֲרֵ֣י עֵֽינֵי⁠כֶ֔ם1

Here, explore after is a metaphor for thinking about something. Alternate translation: “so that you do not think about whatever your heart and eyes want”

131615:39iqf7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyוְ⁠לֹֽא־ תָתֻ֜רוּ אַחֲרֵ֤י לְבַבְ⁠כֶם֙ וְ⁠אַחֲרֵ֣י עֵֽינֵי⁠כֶ֔ם1

Here the heart represents what a person wants, and the eyes represent what a person sees and wants. Alternate translation: “And you must not think about whatever you want”

131715:39vhx4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorאֲשֶׁר־ אַתֶּ֥ם זֹנִ֖ים אַחֲרֵי⁠הֶֽם1

Being unfaithful to God by choosing to do whatever they want is spoken of as if they were women who were unfaithful to their husband by choosing to have sinful relationships with other men.

131815:39bbvkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitאֲשֶׁר־ אַתֶּ֥ם זֹנִ֖ים אַחֲרֵי⁠הֶֽם1

It can be stated clearly that this was a shameful thing to do. Alternate translation: “and be shamefully unfaithful to me” or “and do those things instead of obeying me”

131915:40x4hprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomcall to mind0

This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember”

132015:41zvn9I am Yahweh your God0

This clause is repeated for emphasis.

132116:introq8140

Numbers 16 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Rebellion and punishment

A certain Levite and a few men from the tribe of Reuben claimed that they were just as good as Moses and Aaron, and they also could do the work of sacrificing animals at the sacred tent. So Moses told them to come to the sacred tent and burn incense to Yahweh. God then made the earth open and swallow up these leaders and their families. He also sent fire to destroy 250 other men who had joined with those leaders. These actions showed that only the Levites, those whom Yahweh appointed, could be priests. Also, it taught the people that to rebel against Yahwehs anointed was to rebel against Yahweh. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]])

132216:1xx9nKohath0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 3:17.

132316:2t69qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorrose up against Moses0

Rebelling or criticizing someone in authority is spoken of as if they were standing up to fight. Alternate translation: “rebelled against Moses”

132416:2uge1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberstwo hundred and fifty0

Alternate translation: “250”

132516:2xrx5well-known members in the community0

Alternate translation: “famous members of the community” or “important men in the community”

132616:3d8r9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomYou have gone too far0

This represents doing more than one should. Alternate translation: “You have done more than you should” or “You assume to have more authority than you should”

132716:3d8nyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhy do you lift up yourselves above the rest of Yahwehs community?0

The men ask this question to rebuke Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are wrong to lift up yourselves above the rest of Yahwehs community.”

132816:3df9erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorlift up yourselves above the rest0

Considering someone to be important is spoken of as lifting it up. Alternate translation: “consider yourselves more important than the rest”

132916:4srs6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionhe lay facedown0

This indicates that Moses was humbling himself before God. He was afraid that God would punish the people for rebelling against God and his chosen leaders.

133016:5fhi5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivewho is set apart to him0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Yahweh has set apart for himself”

133116:6gjn6censers0

containers in which to burn incense

133216:7ch73rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiombefore Yahweh0

This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “in Yahwehs presence”

133316:7mzq8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethat man will be set apart to Yahweh0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will set apart that man for himself”

133416:7d9vhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomYou have gone too far0

This represents doing more than one should. Alternate translation: “You have done more than you should” or “You assume to have more authority than you should”

133516:9e9pfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionis it a small thing for you … to serve them?0

Moses uses this question to rebuke Korah and the men with him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You behave as though it is a small thing for you … to serve them!” or “You should not consider it a small thing … to serve them!”

133616:9b5rza small thing for you0

Alternate translation: “not enough for you” or “unimportant to you”

133716:10l58jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoryou are seeking the priesthood also0

Wanting to have the priesthood is spoken of as if they were looking for it. Alternate translation: “you want to have the priesthood too” or “you want to be priests also”

133816:11lf5drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWho is Aaron that you grumble against him?0

Moses uses this question to show them that when they complain about what Aaron does, they are really complaining against Yahweh, because Aaron was doing what Yahweh told him to do. Alternate translation: “You are not really complaining about Aaron, but about Yahweh, whom Aaron obeys!”

133916:13mx6irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionIs it a small thing that you have brought us … to kill us in the wilderness?0

Dathan and Abiram use this question to rebuke Moses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You behave as though it was a small thing for you to bring us … and kill us in the wilderness.”

134016:13pgv9a small thing0

Alternate translation: “not enough” or “unimportant”

134116:13gs63rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorמֵ⁠אֶ֨רֶץ זָבַ֤ת חָלָב֙ וּ⁠דְבַ֔שׁ1

They spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. See how you translated this in Numbers 14:8. Alternate translation: “from a land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” or “from a very fertile land”

134216:13v8lmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperboleto kill us0

The people exaggerate because they will hold Moses responsible if any of them die. Alternate translation: “to have us die”

134316:14bm99rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoras an inheritance0

They spoke of what God would give them to be theirs forever as if it were an inheritance.

134416:14vux9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionNow do you want to blind us with empty promises?0

The people used this question to accuse Moses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Now you want to blind us with empty promises.”

134516:14j7zcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorto blind us0

Deceiving people is spoken of as making them blind. Alternate translation: “to deceive us”

134616:14f558rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwith empty promises0

They speak of promises that are not kept as if they are empty containers. Alternate translation: “with promises that you do not keep” or “by promising to do things that you do not do”

134716:15ic4xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheI have not taken one donkey from them0

One donkey here represents anything that a person my take from someone else. Alternate translation: “I have not taken anything from them, not even one donkey”

134816:17u87ucenser0

a container in which to burn incense

134916:21f57brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorthat I may consume them0

Destroying them is spoken of as if God were to eat them. Alternate translation: “that I may destroy them” or “and I will destroy them”

135016:22zgg1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionlay facedown0

This shows that Moses and Aaron were humbling themselves before God.

135116:22npf6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe God of the spirits of all humanity0

Here “spirits” represents the ability to live. Alternate translation: “the God who gives life to all humanity”

135216:22xz17rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionif one man sins, must you be angry with all the community?0

Moses and Aaron use this question to plead with God for the people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “please do not be angry with all the community because one man sins”

135316:26adx7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoryou will be consumed0

Being destroyed is spoken of as if they would be eaten. Alternate translation: “you will be destroyed”

135416:26r6nzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoryou will be consumed by all their sins0

Being destroyed because of their sins is spoken of as if the sins would destroy them. Alternate translation: “you will be destroyed because of all their sins”

135516:26t6karc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveyou will be consumed by all their sins0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all their sins will destroy you” or “Yahweh will destroy you because of all their sins”

135616:28wbf7By this you will know0

Here “this” refers to what Moses will say next.

135716:30ntr5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-similethe earth opens its mouth and swallows them0

Moses speaks as if the earth were alive and the opening in the ground into which these people would fall were a large mouth that would eat them. Alternate translation: “and they fall into it and are buried underneath the ground”

135816:32f596rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorThe earth opened its mouth and swallowed them0

Moses speaks of the earth as if it were alive, and the hole that the people fell into as if it were the earths mouth. Alternate translation: “The earth opened up like a large mouth, and they fell into it and were buried in it” or “There was a giant hole in the ground, and they fell into it and were buried in it”

135916:33ruw6went down alive into Sheol0

A similar phrase occurs in Numbers 16:30. See how you translated it there.

136016:34ti29They exclaimed0

Alternate translation: “They” refers to “All Israel.”

136116:34ap66rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorThe earth may swallow us up also0

The people speak of the earth as if it were alive. Alternate translation: “The earth might open up and we too will fall into it” or “If the earth opens up again, we too will fall into it and be buried”

136216:35hv92rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorfire flashed out from Yahweh and devoured the 250 men0

Being destroyed by fire is spoken of as if they were eaten by the fire. Alternate translation: “fire flashed out from Yahweh and destroyed the 250 men”

136316:35m6g1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers250 men0

Alternate translation: “two hundred and fifty men”

136416:37g7hjout of the flames0

This refers to the flames that burned the 250 men.

136516:38i2t4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythose who lost their lives0

Losing their lives represents dying. Alternate translation: “those who died”

136616:38bm9vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveLet them be made0

Here “them” refers to the censers. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Let Eleazar make them”

136716:38li47they are set apart … They will be a sign0

Here “they” and “They” refer to the censers.

136816:39as46rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethat had been used by the men who were burned up0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the men whom the fire had burned up had used”

136916:42wnr1Then it happened0

This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

137016:42bu59had assembled against Moses and Aaron0

Alternate translation: “had assembled to complain against Moses and Aaron”

137116:42fm5nbehold, the cloud0

Here “behold” shows that the people were surprised by what they saw. Alternate translation: “suddenly, the cloud”

137216:45f8q6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorso that I may consume them0

God speaks of destroying them as if he would eat them. Alternate translation: “so that I may destroy them” or “and I will destroy them”

137316:45y1aerc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionlay down with their faces to the ground0

This indicates that Moses and Aaron are humbling themselves before God.

137416:46pv5irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyanger is coming from Yahweh0

Anger coming from God represents God showing his anger. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is showing us his anger” or “Yahweh is very angry and is acting according to his anger”

137516:47s2firc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyhe put in the incense0

Putting the incense in the censer here represents burning it. Alternate translation: “he burned the incense”

137616:48fgs5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe plague was stopped0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the plague stopped spreading”

137716:49e8gmrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers14,700 in number0

Alternate translation: “fourteen thousand seven hundred in number”

137817:introb38c0

Numbers 17 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Which tribe should be special workers for God?

God told Moses that each tribe should bring one wooden staff and leave it overnight at the temple. The next day Aarons staff representing the tribe of Levi bloomed and produced ripe almond nuts. This showed that the tribe of Levi was still the tribe chosen to be Yahwehs priests. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])

137917:2qi3jrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberstwelve0

Alternate translation: “12”

138017:3xg67Levis staff0

The name Levi here refers to the tribe of Levi.

138117:3w59tfor each leader from his ancestors tribe0

Here “his” refers to “each leader.”

138217:4hr73rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochethe covenant decrees0

The phrase “the covenant decrees” refers to the box that held the tablets that the covenant decrees were written on. Alternate translation: “the ark of the covenant” or “the box that holds the covenant decrees”

138317:5s9fjthe staff of the man whom I choose will bud0

Alternate translation: “buds will start to grow on the staff of the man whom I choose”

138417:5i4parc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounscause the complaints from the people of Israel to stop, which they are speaking against you0

Here “complaints” is an abstract noun that can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “make the people of Israel stop complaining against you”

138517:6b916rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveselected from each of the ancestral tribes0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Moses selected from each of the ancestors tribes”

138617:7md78rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochethe tent of the covenant decrees0

The phrase “the covenant decrees” refers to the box that held the tablets that the covenant decrees were written on. Alternate translation: “the tent of the covenant box” or “the tent that the covenant decrees are in”

138717:8sb52behold0

The word “behold” here shows that something especially important has happened. You might have a similar word in your language.

138817:10nwq2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochethe covenant decrees0

The phrase “the covenant decrees” refers to the box that held the tablets that the covenant decrees were written on. Alternate translation: “the ark of the covenant” or “the box that holds the covenant decrees”

138917:10n4iprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsso that you may end complaints against me0

The word “complaints” is an abstract noun that can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “so that you may stop them from complaining against me”

139017:10b4j8or they will die0

This is what would happen if the people were to continue complaining. God wanted to prevent this. Alternate translation: “so that they will not die”

139117:12m73brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismWe will die here. We will all perish!0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis.

139218:intros8q60

Numbers 18 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Tithes and offerings

The tribes of Israel were required to bring a tithe to the Levites in order to free them to serve Yahweh as priests. There is a detailed description of what belonged to Yahweh in this chapter. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])

139318:1u2mxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveall sins committed against the sanctuary0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all sins that anyone commits against the sanctuary”

139418:1g8xhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveall sins committed by anyone in the priesthood0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all sins that anyone in the priesthood commits”

139518:1ljg9anyone in the priesthood0

Alternate translation: “any priest”

139618:3gri8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youThey must serve you0

Alternate translation: “They” refers to members of the tribe of Levi; the word “you” is singular and refers to Aaron.

139718:3yig6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronounsor they and also you will die0

Here “they” refers to any member of the tribe of Levi who comes “near to anything in the sanctuary;” the word “you” is plural and refers to both Aaron and the rest of the Levites who are serving in approved roles.

139818:4b6pcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youThey must join you0

Alternate translation: “They” refers to members of the tribe of Levi; the word “you” is singular and refers to Aaron.

139918:4nn6erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-younot come near you0

Here “you” is plural and refers to both Aaron and the rest of the Levites.

140018:5zaj3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youYou must take responsibility0

Here “you” is plural and refers to both Aaron and the rest of the Levites.

140118:5lc1drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyso that my anger does not come on the people of Israel again0

This could mean: (1) this represents God being extremely angry with his people. Alternate translation: “so that I do not become very angry with the people of Israel again” or (2) this represents God punishing them because of his anger. Alternate translation: “so that I do not punish the people of Israel again”

140218:6y9nkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorThey are a gift to you0

Yahweh appointing the Levites to help Aaron is spoken of as if they were a gift that Yahweh were giving to Aaron. Alternate translation: “They are like a gift to you”

140318:6h66drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyנְתֻנִים֙ לַֽ⁠יהוָ֔ה1

Here, given to Yahweh represents being set apart to serve God. Alternate translation: “who have been set apart to serve me”

140418:6kxwarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveנְתֻנִים֙ לַֽ⁠יהוָ֔ה1

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which I have set apart for myself” or “and I have set them apart for myself”

140518:7eda8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youonly you and your sons0

Here “you” and “your” are singular and refer to Aaron. Other occurrences of “you” and “your” are plural and refer to Aaron and his sons.

140618:7vju4exercise the priesthood0

Alternate translation: “do the work of priests”

140718:7j8mnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyeverything inside the curtain0

Being inside the curtain represents being inside the room behind the curtain. Alternate translation: “everything in the room behind the curtain”

140818:7w3i9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveAny foreigner who approaches must be put to death0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Any foreigner who approaches must die” or “You must put to death any foreigner who approaches”

140918:7ctt4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitwho approaches0

What they should not approach can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “who approaches the sacred things”

141018:8jdj3I have given these offerings to you0

God speaks as if he had already done this because it is a decision that he had already made. Alternate translation: “I give these offerings to you”

141118:8x3sqas your ongoing share0

A share is a portion of something that someone receives. Alternate translation: “as the portion that you will continually receive”

141218:9c2ddrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivekept from the fire0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you do not completely burn on the altar”

141318:12d7gfthe firstfruits0

This refers to the first of the best oil, wine, and grain that they harvest.

141418:13urx1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorEveryone who is clean in your family0

Being acceptable to God is spoken of as if they were clean. Alternate translation: “Everyone in your family who is acceptable to me”

141518:15ym9krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismEverything that opens the womb, all the firstborn0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “Every firstborn male”

141618:15axb3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomEverything that opens the womb0

The idiom “opens the womb” means to be the first male that a mother gives birth to.

141718:15a5y8the people must certainly buy back every firstborn son0

Instead of sacrificing their firstborn sons, people had to pay the priests for their sons.

141818:16w52grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThose that are to be bought back by the people must be bought back after becoming one month old0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The people must buy them back when they become one month old”

141918:16vr57Those that are to be bought back0

Most likely this refers only to firstborn humans that must be bought back and not to firstborn unclean animals.

142018:16xet4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightfive shekels … which equals twenty gerahs0

If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: “five pieces of silver … each of which equals ten grams” or “fifty grams of silver, using the standard weights that are used in the sanctuary”

142118:16t62urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitfive shekels0

A shekel is a unit of weight. What was weighed can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “five shekels of silver”

142218:16r9circ://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweightsanctuary shekel0

There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. It weighed twenty gerahs, which was about 11 grams.

142318:17s5mfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitYou must sprinkle their blood0

That he must kill the animals first can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “You must kill them and sprinkle their blood”

142418:17rqa6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivemade by fire0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you make by fire” or “that you burn with fire on the altar”

142518:17dth7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoran aroma pleasing to Yahweh0

The Lords pleasure with the aroma represents his pleasure with the person who burns the offering. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh will be pleased with you”

142618:18maz6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe raised breast and the right thigh0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the breast and the right thigh that you lift up as a gift to me”

142718:19a4zbI have given to you0

God speaks as if he had already done this because it is a decision that he had already made. Alternate translation: “I give to you”

142818:19he1cas a continual share0

A share is a portion of something that someone receives. Alternate translation: “as the portion that you will continually receive”

142918:19a21erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelisman everlasting covenant of salt … a binding covenant forever0

The two phrases refer to the same thing. Together they emphasize that the covenant will endure forever. Alternate translation: “an agreement forever”

143018:19y9jerc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionan everlasting covenant of salt0

Salt represented permanence and was used in offerings and covenant meals. Alternate translation: “a permanent covenant” or “an everlasting covenant”

143118:20hmh1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorYou will have no inheritance in the peoples land0

God speaks of the land that the other people will possess as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: “You will not possess any of the peoples land” or “You will not receive any of the land that the Israelites will possess”

143218:20l9jbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorI am your share and inheritance0

God speaks of the great honor that Aaron and his descendants will have by serving him as priests as if God were something that they will inherit. Alternate translation: “Instead, I am what you will have” or “Instead, I will allow you to serve me and I will provide for you through that service”

143318:21b9iblook, I have given0

The word “look” here adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: “indeed, I have given”

143418:21c1zkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoras their inheritance0

God speaks of what Aaron and his descendants will receive as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: “as their portion of what I give to all Israel”

143518:23g23krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorAmong the people of Israel they must have no inheritance0

God speaks of the land that the other people of Israel will possess as if they will inherit it. The Levites would not receive any of the land. Alternate translation: “they must not have any of the land that the other people of Israel receive”

143618:24wik9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoras their inheritance0

God speaks of what Aaron and his descendants will receive as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: “as their portion of what I give to all Israel”

143718:26j6quWhen you receive from the people of Israel the tenth that I have given to you from them0

The people of Israel would offer Yahweh a tenth of their crops and animals, and Yahweh would give that to the Levites.

143818:26wkn9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorfor your inheritance0

God speaks of what Aaron and his descendants will receive as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: “as your portion of what I give to all Israel”

143918:27cx1brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveYour contribution must be considered by you0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must consider your contribution”

144018:28k8mwyou must give his contribution to Aaron the priest0

Here “his” refers to Yahweh. It was Yahwehs contribution in the sense that they had to give it to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “you must give Aaron the priest the contribution that you owe Yahweh”

144118:29g53lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethat have been given to you0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the people of Israel give to you”

144218:30l7akthe best of it0

Alternate translation: “the best of what you have received from the people of Israel”

144318:31g3lwthe rest of your gifts0

The “gifts” are the offerings that the Israelites give to God and that the Levites receive from them.

144418:32v4s3You will not incur any guilt by eating and drinking it0

Alternate translation: “You will not be guilty when you eat and drink it”

144519:intrornm70

Numbers 19 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Ritually clean

This chapter talks about being clean. Some of these rituals were required to make a priest clean in order to set them apart to serve Yahweh. Other rituals were required because they prevented people from getting sick. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])

144619:2vs5rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubleta statute, a law0

These two words share similar meanings. Alternate translation: “a statute of the law” or “a legal statute”

144719:2u2gxbring to you0

Here “you” is singular and refers to Moses.

144819:2x8cyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletflaw or blemish0

These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that this animal is to have no imperfections.

144919:5rtx6in his sight0

Alternate translation: “in his view” or “so he could see it”

145019:6vjb7priest must take cedarwood0

Alternate translation: “The priest” refers to Eleazar.

145119:6q8lhscarlet wool0

Alternate translation: “red wool”

145219:7zpt1Then he must wash his clothes0

Here “he” refers to Eleazar the priest.

145319:7kc6drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorhe will remain unclean0

Being unacceptable to God or unfit to do any sacred work is spoken of as not being clean.

145419:9a8bfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorSomeone who is clean0

Being acceptable to God and fit to do sacred work is spoken of as being clean.

145519:9nn8trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThese ashes must be kept0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must keep these ashes”

145619:9wn85rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorin a clean place0

Being acceptable to God is spoken of as being clean.

145719:10t9bqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorHe will remain unclean0

Being unacceptable to God or unfit to do any sacred work is spoken of as not being clean.

145819:11k7e9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

General Information:

The ideas of “clean” and “purify” represent being acceptable to God. The ideas of “unclean,” “defile,” “impurity,” and “uncleanness” represent not being acceptable to God.

145919:11n7evthe dead body of any man0

Alternate translation: “the dead body of any person”

146019:12d2fzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymypurify himself0

The person would ask someone who is clean to purify him by sprinkling on him some water mixed with the cows ashes. Asking someone to purify him is spoken of as if he were to purify himself. Alternate translation: “ask someone to purify him”

146119:12jjk6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegativesif he does not purify himself the third day, then he will not be clean on the seventh day0

This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “he will be clean on the seventh day only if he purifies himself the third day”

146219:13fvi7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorוְ⁠נִכְרְתָ֛ה הַ⁠נֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַ⁠הִ֖וא מִ⁠יִּשְׂרָאֵ֑ל1

Here the phrase be cut off means to be disowned and sent away. See how you translated this in Numbers 9:13. Alternate translation: “And that person must be sent away” or “And you must send that person away”

146319:13f6bqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe water for impurity was not sprinkled on him0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one sprinkled the water for impurity on him”

146419:13t2p6the water for impurity0

Alternate translation: “the water that is sprinkled on impure things to make them pure” or “the water for making things pure”

146519:13i3uyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismHe will remain unclean; his uncleanness will remain on him0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis.

146619:14n5mxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

General Information:

The idea of “unclean” represents not being acceptable to God or fit for use.

146719:15aj43rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegativesEvery open container with no cover becomes unclean0

This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “Open containers will remain clean only if they have covers”

146819:16kwe8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivesomeone who has been killed with a sword0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone whom someone else has killed with a sword”

146919:17j1j3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

General Information:

The idea of “unclean” represents not being acceptable to God or fit for use.

147019:17j1j4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

General Information:

The ideas of “clean” and “purify” here represent being acceptable to God.

147119:20d5l6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor0

General Information:

The ideas of “clean” and “purify” represent being acceptable to God and making something acceptable to God. The ideas of “unclean,” “defile,” and “impurity,” represent not being acceptable to God, making something unacceptable to God, and the state of being unacceptable to God.

147219:20mz5qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorוְ⁠נִכְרְתָ֛ה הַ⁠נֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַ⁠הִ֖וא1

Here the phrase be cut off means to be disowned and sent away. See how you translated this in Numbers 9:13. Alternate translation: “that person must be sent away” or “you must send that person away”

147319:20u7dzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThe water for impurity has not been sprinkled on him0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “No one has sprinkled the water for impurity on him”

147419:21bs1athe water for impurity0

See how you translated this in Numbers 19:13. Alternate translation: “the water that is sprinkled on impure things to make them pure” or “the water for making things pure”

147520:introuzx80

Numbers 20 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Moses sin

God told Moses to command water to come out of a rock for the people who were complaining that they had no water. Moses became angry with the people and hit the rock twice. God told him that he and Aaron would not be allowed to go into Canaan because he disobeyed by hitting the rock instead of just speaking to it. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])

Important figures of speech in this chapter

“It would have been better if we had died when our fellow Israelites died in front of Yahweh”

It is possible that this statement should be taken as hyperbole, but it does not have to be taken this way. The translator should probably avoid treating this as hyperbole. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

Wilderness of Sin

Sin is the name of a place in this chapter. It is not a place that is known for its sin. The name is not related to the meaning of the word “sin.” (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])

147620:1wu8mrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliteratethe wilderness of Zin0

The word “Zin” here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness.

147720:1ht9krc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonthsthe first month0

This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God rescued the Israelites from the Egyptians. The first month is during the last part of March and the first part of April on the Western calendar.

147820:1r66wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivewas buried0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they buried her”

147920:2k64bthey assembled0

Here “they” refers to the community.

148020:2vim2assembled together0

Alternate translation: “came as a mob”

148120:3h9bgrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyin front of Yahweh0

This represents being in front of Yahwehs tent.

148220:4g1xuConnecting Statement:0

Connecting Statement:

The people of Israel continue to complain to Moses and Aaron.

148320:4l38drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhy have you brought Yahwehs community into this wilderness to die here, we and our animals?0

The people use this question in order to complain against Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have brought Yahwehs community into this wilderness to die here, we and our animals.”

148420:5ax68rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhy did you make us come up out of Egypt to bring us to this horrible place?0

The people use this question in order to complain against Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have made us leave Egypt to bring us to this horrible place.”

148520:6lpk3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionlay facedown0

This indicates that Moses and Aaron are humbling themselves before God.

148620:8af3mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochebefore their eyes0

Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “while they watch you”

148720:9esu4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyfrom before Yahweh0

This represents Yahwehs tent. Alternate translation: “from Yahwehs tent”

148820:10gz5hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionMust we bring water out of this rock for you?0

Moses asks this question out of frustration to rebuke the people for complaining. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You complain that there is no water. Well, we will make water come out of this rock.” or “You would not be happy even if we caused water to come out of this rock. But I will do it anyway.”

148920:10qa1urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusiveMust we bring0

Here “we” refers to Moses and Aaron and may include Yahweh, but does not include the people.

149020:12m97grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitBecause you did not trust me or honor me as holy in the eyes of the people of Israel0

How Moses showed that he did not trust and honor God can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Because you did not trust me or honor me as holy in the eyes of the people of Israel, but struck the rock instead of speaking to it as I told you”

149120:12gt79rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochein the eyes of the people of Israel0

Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “while the people of Israel were watching you”

149220:13cxd4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThis place was called0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “People called this place”

149320:14tx1mYour brother Israel0

Moses uses this phrase to emphasize that the Israelites and the Edomites are related because their ancestors, Jacob and Esau, were brothers.

149420:16ib9hWhen we called out to Yahweh0

Alternate translation: “When we prayed to Yahweh begging him to help us”

149520:16t86prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyhe heard our voice0

Here “voice” represents their crying or what they said to him. Alternate translation: “he heard our cry” or “he heard what we asked for”

149620:16kh3uLook0

The word “look” here shows that they have stopped speaking about the past and are now speaking about their present situation.

149720:17p7raConnecting Statement:0

Connecting Statement:

The messengers continue speaking to the king of Edom.

149820:17udz8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyWe will not turn aside to the right hand or to the left0

Here “turn aside” represents leaving the road. Alternate translation: “We will not leave the road in any direction”

149920:17mcu3the kings highway0

This is the main road that connects Damascus in the north to the Gulf of Aqabah in the south.

150020:18dk9lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youלֹ֥א תַעֲבֹ֖ר בִּ֑⁠י פֶּן־ בַּ⁠חֶ֖רֶב אֵצֵ֥א לִ⁠קְרָאתֶֽ⁠ךָ1

Here, You and you are singular and refer to Moses.

150120:18g6q4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheלֹ֥א תַעֲבֹ֖ר בִּ֑⁠י פֶּן־ בַּ⁠חֶ֖רֶב אֵצֵ֥א לִ⁠קְרָאתֶֽ⁠ךָ1

Here Moses represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Your people may not pass through me, or i will go out to meet them with the sword”

150220:18cw7vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyI will come with the sword0

Here the sword represents the kings army. Alternate translation: “I will send my army”

150320:19y3fvthe people of Israel0

This phrase refers to the Israelite messengers.

150420:19fp34rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwalk through on foot0

This idiom means that they would simply travel through the area by walking. They would not come in chariots to attack the people of Edom.

150520:20mia5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe king of Edom came against Israel with a strong hand with many soldiers0

Here the hand represents the kings powerful army. Alternate translation: “the king of Edom sent a strong army of many soldiers to attack Israel”

150620:21l8p8cross over their border0

Here “their” refers to the Edomites.

150720:22l1w6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletThe people of Israel, the whole community0

The phrase “the whole community” emphasizes that every person who was a part of “the people of Israel” was present, without exception.

150820:24eh14rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismAaron must be gathered to his people0

This is a gentle way to say that Aaron must die. It means that it is time for Aaron to die and for his spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are. Alternate translation: “Aaron must die”

150920:24z598rebelled against my word0

Alternate translation: “refused to do what I said”

151020:26af1hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismיֵאָסֵ֖ף וּ⁠מֵ֥ת שָֽׁם1

These two phrases mean basically the same thing. They mean that it is time for Aaron to die and for his spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are.

151120:26yzobrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismיֵאָסֵ֖ף1

The phrase shall be gathered means that it is time for Aarons spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are. This is a polite way of speaking about his death.

151220:29lcr9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersthirty days0

Alternate translation: “30 days”

151321:introvi2c0

Numbers 21 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 21:1415, 1718, 2730.

Special concepts in this chapter

Ungrateful

The Israelites said, “Why have you brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? There is no bread, no water, and we hate this miserable food.” After all Yahweh had done, they were very ungrateful. This showed their lack of faith and trust in Yahweh. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])

151421:1nsa6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyhe fought against Israel0

Here “he fought” means that his army fought. Alternate translation: “his army fought against Israel”

151521:2x3nprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyIsrael vowed0

This refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “The people of Israel vowed” or “The Israelites made a vow”

151621:3j1ixrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymylistened to Israels voice0

Here “listen” means that Yahweh did as they asked. Alternate translation: “did what Israel asked”

151721:3y7v3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyIsraels voice0

Here “voice” is a metonym that refers to their request. Alternate translation: “what Israel asked”

151821:3chr3They completely destroyed them and their cities0

Alternate translation: “The people of Israel completely destroyed the Canaanite army and their cities”

151921:3gde5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThat place was called Hormah0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They called that place Hormah”

152021:5n6ktrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhy have you brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness?0

The people used this question in order to rebuke Moses. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not made us leave Egypt to die in the wilderness!”

152121:7k7kmwe have spoken against Yahweh and you0

Alternate translation: “we have said bad things about Yahweh and you”

152221:7chg1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusivewe have spoken … from us0

The words “we” and “us” here refer to the people but not to Moses.

152321:8s82prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitMake a snake0

Since it is impossible for Moses to make a real snake, it is implied that he was to make a model of a snake. This implied information can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Make a model of a snake”

152421:8sw8hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveeveryone who is bitten0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “everyone whom a snake bites”

152521:9um5ca bronze snake0

Alternate translation: “a snake out of bronze”

152621:9nu8pif he looked at the bronze snake, he survived0

Here “he” refers to “any person” who was bitten by a snake.

152721:11c38src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomthat faces Moab0

Here “faces” is an idiom that means “is across from” or “is next to.” Alternate translation: “that is next to Moab”

152821:13pc3lforms the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites0

This means that the two peoples lived on different sides of the river, which was a boundary between them. The Moabite people lived south of the river and the Amorites lived on the north.

152921:14r97mrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesWaheb in Suphah0

These are both names of places.

153021:15i244the slope of the valleys that lead toward the town of Ar and lie along the border of Moab0

Alternate translation: “the valleys that go downhill to the town of Ar and lie along the border of Moab”

153121:16s994to Beer, the well0

This can be stated as two sentences. Alternate translation: “to Beer. There was a well there”

153221:16hnm3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotationswhere Yahweh said to Moses, “Gather the people together for me to give them water.”0

This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “where Yahweh told Moses to gather the people together for him to give them water”

153321:17g2jmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyעֲלִ֥י בְאֵ֖ר1

Here, well represents the water in the well. Alternate translation: “Water, fill up the well”

153421:17lb1src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationעֲלִ֥י בְאֵ֖ר1

The Israelites are speaking to the water in the well as if it were a person who could hear them, and they are asking for it to fill the well.

153521:18ms4yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismthe well that our leaders dug, the well the nobles of the people dug0

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the role of the leaders in digging the well.

153621:18mvp6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitwith the scepter and their staffs0

A scepter was carried by those with authority, and the staff was carried by everyone. Neither of these are digging tools. These two items emphasize that they were not too proud to use any means available. Alternate translation: “using even their scepter and staffs”

153721:19lgf8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesNahaliel … Bamoth0

These are the names of places.

153821:20uv3qrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesMount Pisgah0

This is the name of a mountain.

153921:20s19qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomוְ⁠נִשְׁקָ֖פָה עַל־ פְּנֵ֥י הַ⁠יְשִׁימֹֽן1

Here, looking down is an idiom. It is a way of saying that the mountain is high. Alternate translation: “and rises above the wilderness”

154021:20exourc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationוְ⁠נִשְׁקָ֖פָה עַל־ פְּנֵ֥י הַ⁠יְשִׁימֹֽן1

This speaks of the mountain as if it were a person who looks down to see the wilderness below him.

154121:21mqq6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyThen Israel0

Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel, and especially to their leaders. Alternate translation: “Then the Israelites”

154221:22en73We will not turn into any field or vineyard0

Alternate translation: “We will not go into any of your fields or vineyards”

154321:22rgg6the kings highway0

This is the main road that connects Damascus in the north to the Gulf of Aqabah in the south. See how you translated this in Numbers 20:17.

154421:23k1p3to pass through their border0

Here “their” refers to the Amorites. Alternate translation: “to cross over their border”

154521:23hx3prc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJahaz0

This is the name of a place.

154621:23g1x8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochehe fought against Israel0

Here “he” refers to King Sihon who represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “they fought against the Israelites”

154721:24e3nmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyIsrael attacked0

Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “The Israelites attacked”

154821:24c7k2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymywith the edge of the sword0

The “edge of the sword” is associated with death and complete destruction. Alternate translation: “and completely defeated them”

154921:24ph3ktook their land0

Here the word “their” refers to the Amorites. Alternate translation: “conquered the land of the Amorites”

155021:24n2gswas fortified0

The Israelites did not attack the Ammonites. Alternate translation: “was strongly defended”

155121:25c7tzHeshbon and all of its villages0

Here “its” is possessive to show that a relationship existed between the city of Heshbon and these nearby villages. Alternate translation: “Heshbon and the nearby villages that it controlled”

155221:26v9rjSihon had taken all his land0

Here “his” refers to the king of Moab.

155321:27bf5src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismHeshbon … city of Sihon0

These are two names that refer to the same city.

155421:27pw7irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveLet the city of Sihon be rebuilt and established again0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Let someone rebuild and establish again the city of Sihon”

155521:27a4nirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletrebuilt and established0

These two terms are very similar and emphasize that the city will be fully rebuilt. Alternate translation: “completely rebuilt”

155621:28hxh1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismכִּי־ אֵשׁ֙ יָֽצְאָ֣ה מֵֽ⁠חֶשְׁבּ֔וֹן לֶהָבָ֖ה מִ⁠קִּרְיַ֣ת סִיחֹ֑ן1

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that destruction will begin at Heshbon.

155721:28qha8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorכִּי־ אֵשׁ֙ יָֽצְאָ֣ה מֵֽ⁠חֶשְׁבּ֔וֹן לֶהָבָ֖ה מִ⁠קִּרְיַ֣ת סִיחֹ֑ן1

Here the destroying army is spoken of as if it were a fire. Alternate translation: “King Sihon led a strong army from the city of Heshbon”

155821:28di4erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphordevoured Ar of Moab0

The army of Sihon is spoken of as if it was an animal that ate up the city of Ar. Alternate translation: “destroyed the town of Ar in the land of Moab”

155921:29cu3drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismMoab … people of Chemosh0

These two phrases refer to the same people.

156021:29r97rpeople of Chemosh0

Alternate translation: “Chemosh” was the name of the false god whom the Moabites worshiped. Alternate translation: “the people who worship Chemosh”

156121:29n57wHe has made his sons0

Alternate translation: “He” and “his” refer to Chemosh.

156221:30k6auwe have conquered0

Here “we” refers to the Israelites who defeated Sihon.

156321:30aiy9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveHeshbon is devastated0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “We have devastated Heshbon”

156421:30x525rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesאָבַ֥ד חֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן עַד־ דִּיב֑וֹן & עַד־ נֹ֔פַח אֲשֶׁ֖רׄ עַד־ מֵֽידְבָֽא1

Heshbon, Dibon, Nophah, and Medeba are all places in Sihons kingdom.

156521:30lwy9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merismאָבַ֥ד חֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן עַד־ דִּיב֑וֹן & עַד־ נֹ֔פַח אֲשֶׁ֖רׄ עַד־ מֵֽידְבָֽא1

These places connected by as far as means the Israelites destroyed these places and everywhere in between—Sihons entire nation.

156621:32f8n9drove out0

Alternate translation: “chased away”

156721:33jc4bwent out against them0

Alternate translation: “attacked them”

156821:34wk2tDo to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites0

The Israelites had completely destroyed Sihon. Alternate translation: “Destroy him like you destroyed Sihon king of the Amorites”

156921:35mdc5So they killed him0

Alternate translation: “So the army of Israel killed Og”

157021:35b31nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivenone of his people were left alive0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all of his people were dead”

157121:35w1f2they took over his land0

Alternate translation: “they took control of his land”

157222:introhxi60

Numbers 22 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The chapter begins a section on Balaam. The king of Moab wanted the prophet Balaam to come and curse Israel. God told him not to go but he wanted to go; so God told him to say only what God wanted him to say. Yahweh was able to use Balaam, even though he was not a prophet of Yahweh. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])

157322:1vt4uon the other side of the Jordan River from the city0

The Israelites were camped on the east side of the Jordan River. Jericho was on the west side of the river.

157422:2a4k1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesBalak son of Zippor0

Balak was king of Moab.

157522:2hqt3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesZippor0

Zippor is the father of Balak.

157622:3hl8mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismMoab was very afraid of the people … Moab was in terror of the people of Israel0

These two phrases mean the same thing, and emphasize how afraid Moab was.

157722:3ht2rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyMoab was very afraid0

Here “Moab” refers to the people of Moab. Alternate translation: “All of the Moabites were very afraid”

157822:3h36ebecause they were many0

Alternate translation: “because there were many of them”

157922:4vv9zThe king of Moab said to the elders of Midian0

The Moabites and the Midianites were two different groups of people, but the Midianites were living in the land of Moab at that time.

158022:4dg4trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileThis multitude will eat up all that is around us as an ox eats up the grass in a field0

The way the Israelites will destroy their enemies is spoken of as if they were an ox eating up the grass in a field.

158122:4t57urc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-backgroundNow Balak son of Zippor was king of Moab at that time0

This changes from the main story to background information about Balak.

158222:5gr45He sent messengers0

Alternate translation: “Balak sent messengers”

158322:5wr6vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesBeor0

This is the name of Balaams father.

158422:5z33vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesPethor0

This is the name of a city.

158522:5s4sbof his nation and his people0

Alternate translation: “of Balaams nation and people”

158622:5fr82He called him0

Balak did not speak to Balaam directly, but did so through the messengers he sent. Alternate translation: “Balak called Balaam”

158722:5vlg5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperboleThey cover the face of the earth0

This is an exaggeration to emphasize how many of them there were. Alternate translation: “They are extremely numerous”

158822:5h1t4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomthe face of the earth0

This refers to the surface of the earth.

158922:6fdd6drive them0

Alternate translation: “chase them”

159022:6cb7xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveI know that whomever you bless will be blessed, and whomever you curse will be cursed0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I know you have the power to bless or to curse people”

159122:7f3rerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounspayment for divination0

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word divination, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “money to pay Balaam to curse Israel”

159222:7gjm1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-goThey came to Balaam0

You may prefer to say “They went to Balaam”

159322:7ipu7spoke to him Balaks words0

Alternate translation: “told him the message from Balak”

159422:7xtx6Balak0

This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.

159522:8m7kqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorI will bring you0

Balaams report is spoken of as if it were something that he would carry to the messengers. Alternate translation: “I will tell you”

159622:9nfd7God came to Balaam0

Alternate translation: “God appeared to Balaam”

159722:9jt4trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWho are these men who came to you?0

Yahweh uses a question to introduce a new topic of conversation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Tell me about these men who came to you.”

159822:10lm86Balak … Zippor0

These are the names of men. See how you translated these in Numbers 22:2.

159922:11xa8qLook … drive them out0

Balaam restates the message that Balak sent to him. See how you translated these phrases in Numbers 22:56.

160022:11vu2rdrive them out0

Alternate translation: “chase them away”

160122:12wbu5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivebecause they have been blessed0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “because I have blessed them”

160222:13h8t7Balak0

This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.

160322:15xg9zBalak0

This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.

160422:16drr7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-goThey came to Balaam0

You may prefer to say “They went to Balaam”

160522:17bm1vthis people0

The singular noun refers to the Israelites as a group. Alternate translation: “this group of people”

160622:18q97pBalak0

This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.

160722:18x1c1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypoEven if Balak would give me his palace full of silver and gold0

Balaam is describing something that would never happen. He is emphasizing that there is nothing that could make him disobey Yahweh.

160822:18j6clI cannot go beyond the word of Yahweh … and do less or more than what he tells me0

This means Balaam cannot disobey Yahweh in any way.

160922:21z7ilsaddled his donkey0

A saddle is a seat put on the back of an animal in order to ride it.

161022:22sb7drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomוַ⁠יִּֽחַר־ אַ֣ף אֱלֹהִים֮1

This is an idiom that speaks of the increase in Gods anger as if his nose was starting to burn. Alternate translation: “And God became very angry”

161122:22n3m5as someone hostile to Balaam0

Alternate translation: “as an enemy to Balaam” or “in order to stop Balaam”

161222:23gu3vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitwith his drawn sword0

A sword is drawn from its sheath in order to be ready to use. Alternate translation: “with his sword ready to attack”

161322:23ben2The donkey turned off the road and went into a field0

The donkey did this to avoid the angel of Yahweh.

161422:23r3syto turn her back0

Sometimes animals are referred to as “her” or “she.” Alternate translation: “to turn it back”

161522:25wf2xShe went against the wall0

This was an attempt to escape from the angel of Yahweh in the road.

161622:25uhb9She went0

Sometimes animals are referred to as “her” or “she.” Alternate translation: “It went”

161722:25w91qpinned Balaams foot against it0

Alternate translation: “pushed Balaams foot against it” or “hurt Balaams foot against it”

161822:27jh49rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomוַ⁠יִּֽחַר־ אַ֣ף בִּלְעָ֔ם1

This is an idiom that speaks of the increase in Balaams anger as if his nose was starting to burn. See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 22:22. Alternate translation: “And Balaam became very angry”

161922:28imi3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyThen Yahweh opened the donkeys mouth so she could talk0

Opening the mouth is associated with the ability to speak. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh gave the donkey the ability to speak like a human would speak”

162022:28b84tShe said to Balaam0

Alternate translation: “The donkey said to Balaam”

162122:30hb6vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionAm not I your donkey on which you have ridden all your life long to this present day?0

This rhetorical question was used to convict Balaam that his judgment of the donkey was unfair. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am your donkey on which you have ridden all your life, right up to the present moment.”

162222:30f959rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHave I ever been in the habit of doing such things to you before?0

This rhetorical question was used to further convict Balaam that his judgment of the donkey was unfair. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have never been in the habit of doing such things to you!”

162322:31d2lhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyThen Yahweh opened Balaams eyes, and he saw the angel of Yahweh0

To “open ones eyes” is associated with being able to see. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh gave Balaam the ability to see the angel of Yahweh”

162422:31vwl7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitwith his drawn sword0

A sword is drawn from its sheath in order to be ready to use. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:23. Alternate translation: “with his sword ready to attack”

162522:31xi4rrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionBalaam lowered his head and lay facedown0

This indicates that Balaam is humbling himself before the angel.

162622:32mb9vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhy have you struck your donkey these three times?0

This rhetorical question is used to accuse Balaam of doing wrong. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have struck your donkey these three times.”

162722:32bfy4as someone hostile to you0

Alternate translation: “as an enemy to you” or “to oppose you”

162822:33nqy4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypoIf she had not turned … killed you and spared her life0

This hypothetical statement indicated what could have happened, but it did not because the donkeys actions saved Balaam.

162922:34hxf8So now, if it is displeasing to you0

Alternate translation: “So if you do not want me to continue going”

163022:35ihv5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarativeתְדַבֵּ֑ר1

Here, shall indicates a command. See the discussion of shall in the book introduction.

163122:35dyl3with the leaders of Balak0

See how you translated “Balak” in Numbers 22:2. Alternate translation: “with the leaders whom Balak had sent”

163222:36c4jiArnon0

This is the name of a river. See how you translated it in Numbers 21:13.

163322:37kjv9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionDid I not send men to you to summon you?0

This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Balaam for delaying to come. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Surely I sent men to summon you.”

163422:37f7wvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhy did you not come to me?0

This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Balaam for delaying to come. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should have come to me!”

163522:37pk2irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionAm I not able to honor you?0

This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Balaam for delaying to come. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Surely you know that I am able to pay you money for coming to me.”

163622:38y1j1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionDo I now have any power to say anything?0

Balaam uses this rhetorical question to tell Balak that he will not be able to do everything that Balak asks him to do. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “But I have no power to say anything I want”

163722:38re6irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorthe words that God puts into my mouth0

The message is spoken of as if it is something that God put into his mouth. Alternate translation: “the message that God wants me to say”

163822:39lt48rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesKiriath Huzoth0

This is the name of a town.

163922:40e9l3some meat0

Alternate translation: “some of the meat from the sacrifices”

164022:41sx5nthe high place of Baal0

This could mean: (1) this refers to the same place as Bamoth in Numbers 21:19. The word Bamoth means “the high place,” or (2) this is another high place where people sacrificed to Baal.

164123:introkt510

Numbers 23 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The story of Balaam continues in this chapter.

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 23:710, 1824.

Special concepts in this chapter

Cursing Gods people

God does not allow others to curse his people. Balaam blessed Israel twice when he was supposed to curse them. This may be taken as humor or an ironic situation. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]])

164223:1js8jBalak0

This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.

164323:1yr7zprepare seven bulls and seven rams0

Alternate translation: “kill seven bulls and seven rams as a sacrifice”

164423:3s7kvStand at your burnt offering and I will go0

Alternate translation: “Stay here with your burnt offering and I will go a distance away”

164523:4yji9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitI have offered up a bull and a ram0

It has already been stated that he killed these animals as a burnt offering. Alternate translation: “I have killed a bull and a ram and burnt them as an offering”

164623:5nny6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorYahweh put a message in Balaams mouth0

Here Yahweh giving Balaam a message to speak is spoken of as if Yahweh placed it in his mouth. Alternate translation: “Yahweh told Balaam what he wanted him to say to Balak”

164723:7wtg1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismBalak has brought me from Aram … the king of Moab from the eastern mountains0

These phrases mean the same thing.

164823:7nuw3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismCome, curse Jacob for me, & Come, defy Israel.0

Both of these statements mean the same thing. They emphasize that Balak wants Balaam to curse the people of Israel.

164923:8w1jkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHow can I curse those whom God has not cursed? How can I oppose those whom Yahweh does not oppose?0

These rhetorical questions emphasize Balaams refusal to disobey God. They can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “But I cannot curse those whom God has not cursed. I cannot fight against those whom Yahweh does not fight!”

165023:9hq42rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismfrom the top of the rocks I see him … from the hills I look at him0

These two phrases mean the same thing. Balaam viewed Israel from the top of a hill.

165123:9a551rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyI see him … I look at him0

Here “him” is a metonym that refers to the people of Israel.

165223:9mm7uthere is a people0

Alternate translation: “there is a group of people”

165323:9ni8frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotesdo not consider themselves as just an ordinary nation0

This negative statement is used to stress that the opposite is true. Alternate translation: “they consider themselves to be a special nation”

165423:10hr4vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorמִ֤י מָנָה֙ עֲפַ֣ר יַעֲקֹ֔ב וּ⁠מִסְפָּ֖ר אֶת־ רֹ֣בַע יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל1

Here dust of Jacob is a metaphor that speaks of the number of Israelites as if they were as numerous as the specks of dust.

165523:10x7syrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionמִ֤י מָנָה֙ עֲפַ֣ר יַעֲקֹ֔ב וּ⁠מִסְפָּ֖ר אֶת־ רֹ֣בַע יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל1

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “There are too many Israelites to count. No one could count even a fourth of them because there are so many.”

165623:10uxp9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe death of a righteous person0

It is understood that this will be a peaceful death. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “the peaceful death of a righteous person”

165723:10am5irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymya righteous person … like his0

These are metonymies that refer to the people of Israel as a single person.

165823:11x2xrBalak0

This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.

165923:11typ8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhat have you done to me?0

Balak uses this question to scold Balaam. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I cannot believe you did this to me!”

166023:11e1a2but look0

This emphasizes the shocking action that follows.

166123:12xe42rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionShould I not be careful to say only what Yahweh puts in my mouth?0

Balaam uses this rhetorical question to defend his actions. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I must be very careful to say only what Yahweh tells me to say.”

166223:12yvq8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorto say only what Yahweh puts in my mouth0

The message is spoken of as if it is something that God put into his mouth. See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 22:38. Alternate translation: “to say only what Yahweh wants me to say”

166323:13x381There you will curse them for me0

Alternate translation: “There you will curse the Israelites for me”

166423:14a29brc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesfield of Zophim0

Translators may add a footnote that says: “The word Zophim means to watch or to spy.’”

166523:14zz2brc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesMount Pisgah0

This is the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in Numbers 21:20.

166623:16fc1nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorput a message in his mouth0

The message is spoken of as if it is something that God put into his mouth. See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 22:38. Alternate translation: “told him what to say”

166723:16yn5xHe said0

Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh said”

166823:18kka5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismBalak, and hear … Listen to me, you son of Zippor0

These two phrases mean the same thing and are repeated to emphasize how important it was for Balak to pay attention.

166923:18d6y8Balak … son of Zippor0

See how you translated these names in Numbers 22:2.

167023:19q4wmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismהַ⁠ה֤וּא אָמַר֙ וְ⁠לֹ֣א יַעֲשֶׂ֔ה וְ⁠דִבֶּ֖ר וְ⁠לֹ֥א יְקִימֶֽ⁠נָּה1

Both of these clauses mean the same thing and emphasize that God does what he says he will.

167123:19cqsirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionהַ⁠ה֤וּא אָמַר֙ וְ⁠לֹ֣א יַעֲשֶׂ֔ה וְ⁠דִבֶּ֖ר וְ⁠לֹ֥א יְקִימֶֽ⁠נָּה1

These rhetorical questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “He has never promised a thing without fulfilling what he promised. He has always done exactly what he said he would do.”

167223:20tga7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveI have been commanded to bless0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God has commanded me to bless the Israelites”

167323:21w1xprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismhardship in Jacob … trouble in Israel0

These two phrases mean the same thing. This could mean: (1) God has given Israel only good things or (2) there is no sin in Israel that would cause him to judge them.

167423:21i4xzshouts for their king are among them0

Alternate translation: “they shout with joy because Yahweh is their king”

167523:22bnk6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-similewith strength like that of a wild ox0

This simile says that Yahwehs great strength is equal to an ox.

167623:23q3q1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismכִּ֤י לֹא־ נַ֨חַשׁ֙ בְּ⁠יַעֲקֹ֔ב וְ⁠לֹא־ קֶ֖סֶם בְּ⁠יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל1

These two lines mean the same thing, that no curse that anyone puts on the nation of Israel will be effective.

167723:23rriurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyכִּ֤י לֹא־ נַ֨חַשׁ֙ בְּ⁠יַעֲקֹ֔ב וְ⁠לֹא־ קֶ֖סֶם בְּ⁠יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל1

Here Jacob is a metonym that refers to Israel.

167823:23xhg8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveit must be said0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “people must say”

167923:23yvh5Look what God has done!0

It is implied that what God did for them was good. Alternate translation: “Look at the good things God has done for them!”

168023:24jm1jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorthe people rise like a lioness … he has killed0

This verse is a long metaphor that speaks of Israel defeating her enemies as if Israel was a lion devouring its prey.

168123:25yxn3Balak0

This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.

168223:26sl4crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionDid I not tell you that I must say all that Yahweh tells me to say?0

Balaam uses this rhetorical question to remind Balak that Balaam refused to disobey God even before he came to Balak. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I told you before that I must say all that Yahweh tells me to say.”

168323:28jd2zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitwhich looks down on the wilderness0

It is understood that this wilderness was where Israel was camped. Alternate translation: “which looks down on the wilderness where Israel was”

168424:introg6vw0

Numbers 24 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The story of Balaam continues in this chapter.

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 24:39, 1524.

Special concepts in this chapter

Cursing Gods people

God does not allow others to curse his people. Balaam blesses Israel again and the king is angry and sends him home. This may be taken as humor or an ironic situation. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]])

168524:1w9kxas at the other times0

Alternate translation: “like he did the previous times”

168624:2wa9krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomHe raised his eyes0

Here “raised his eyes” is an idiom that means to look up. Alternate translation: “He looked up”

168724:2vd4aSpirit of God came on him0

This means Gods Spirit took control of him to prophesy.

168824:3sec1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveHe received this prophecy0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God gave him this prophecy”

168924:3mke8Balaam son of Beor0

Beor was Balaams father. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:5.

169024:3rt1arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwhose eyes are wide open0

This idiom means he sees and understands clearly.

169124:4g4v6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123personHe speaks … He sees … he bows0

Here Balaam refers to himself as “He.”

169224:4ktc8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionhe bows down0

This is an act of humility.

169324:4ej3rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwith his eyes open0

Here “eyes open” is an idiom that means Balaam has received the ability to know what God wants to say.

169424:5ba5vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismHow beautiful are your tents, Jacob, the place where you live, Israel!0

Both of these statements mean the same thing. They emphasize the Israelite camp was beautiful to Balaam.

169524:6qar4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileLike valleys they spread out0

Balaam speaks of the Israelies as if they were numerous enough to cover entire valleys.

169624:6j8egrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-similelike gardens by the riverside0

Balaam speaks of the Israelies as if they were well-watered gardens that produce an abundant harvest.

169724:6l53yrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownכַּ⁠אֲהָלִים֙ נָטַ֣ע יְהוָ֔ה1

Aloes are plants with a pleasant smell that grow well even in dry conditions.

169824:6v5qbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileכַּ⁠אֲהָלִים֙ נָטַ֣ע יְהוָ֔ה1

Balaam speaks of the Israelites as if they would thrive and be pleasant like aloe plants.

169924:6aw4krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-similelike cedars beside the waters0

Cedar trees were the largest trees in Israel. Balaam speaks of the Israelies as if they grew as large as well-watered cedar trees.

170024:7fl12rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyWater flows … well-watered0

Abundant water is associated with Gods blessing on the crops of the land. Alternate translation: “God will bless Israel with plenty of water for their crops”

170124:7a4i7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymytheir seed is well-watered0

Well-watered seed refers to Gods blessing on his people so that they will have abundant crops. Alternate translation: “they will have plenty of water for their seed to grow healthy crops”

170224:7zlh1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismTheir king is to be higher … their kingdom will be honored0

These two phrases have similar meaning, emphasizing how much God will bless them compared to other nations.

170324:7h0mqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyוְ⁠יָרֹ֤ם מֵֽ⁠אֲגַג֙ מַלְכּ֔⁠וֹ1

Here higher refers to having greater honor and power. This means the future king of Israel will have more honor and will be more powerful than Agag.

170424:7ftd7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesוְ⁠יָרֹ֤ם מֵֽ⁠אֲגַג֙ מַלְכּ֔⁠וֹ1

Agag was king of the Amalekites.

170524:7b156rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivetheir kingdom will be honored0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “other people will give honor to their kingdom”

170624:8x28iGod brings him0

Alternate translation: “God brings the Israelites”

170724:8n9zerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-similewith strength like a wild ox0

This simile emphasizes that the Israelites have great strength.

170824:8y9vxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorHe will eat up the nations0

Balaam speaks of the Israelites as if they are wild animals that eat their enemies. This means they will destroy their enemies.

170924:9rx4y0

General Information:

Balaam finishes the prophecy under the control of the Spirit of God.

171024:9kq6qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileHe crouches down like a lion, like a lioness0

In this simile, Balaam compares the Israelites to both male and female lions. This means they are dangerous and always ready to attack.

171124:9l12krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWho dares disturb him?0

Balaam uses a question to warn all the people to not provoke the Israelites. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one dares to disturb him!”

171224:9iv8qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveMay everyone who blesses him be blessed; may everyone who curses him be cursed0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “May God bless those who bless the Israelites; may he curse those who curse the Israelites”

171324:10m1vprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomוַ⁠יִּֽחַר־ אַ֤ף בָּלָק֙1

This is an idiom that speaks of the increase in Balaks anger as if his nose was starting to burn. Alternate translation: “And Balak became very angry”

171424:10rgi1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionstruck his hands together in anger0

This was a sign of great frustration and anger.

171524:13gi9arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypoEven if Balak gave me his palace full of silver and gold0

Balaam is describing something that would never happen. This statement emphasizes that there is nothing that would make Balaam disobey God.

171624:13a4surc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionDid I not say this to them?0

Balaam uses a question to remind Balak about what he said earlier. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. “Alternate translation: I said this to them.”

171724:14m83ithis people0

Alternate translation: “the Israelites”

171824:15bp57Balaam son of Beor0

Beor was Balaams father. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:5.

171924:15bpl3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwhose eyes are wide open0

This idiom means he sees and understands clearly. See how you translated this in Numbers 24:3.

172024:16bfa4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounswho has knowledge from the Most High0

The abstract term “knowledge” can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: “who knows things that God Most High has revealed to him”

172124:16m31xrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionbows down0

This is a sign of submission to God.

172224:17xt9lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismI see him, but he is not here now. I look at him, but he is not near0

Both of these statements mean the same thing. Balaam is having a vision of a future event. The word “him” refers to a future leader of Israel.

172324:17zg5vrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguageA star will come out of Jacob0

Here “star” refers to an Israelite king that will rise in power.

172424:17dbs9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyout of Jacob0

Here “Jacob” refers to the descendants of Jacob. Alternate translation: “from among the descendants of Jacob”

172524:17ev9hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelisma scepter will rise out of Israel0

This means the same thing as the first part of the sentence. Here “scepter” refers to a powerful king.

172624:17m5w5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyout of Israel0

Here “Israel” refers to future Israelites. Alternate translation: “from among the Israelites in the future”

172724:17evy3shatter Moabs leaders0

This could mean: (1) he will break the heads of the leaders of Moab or (2) he will destroy the leaders of Moab.

172824:17r3pgall the descendants of Seth0

This also refers to the Moabites, who were descendants of Seth.

172924:18l7jt0

General Information:

Balaam finishes the first of his four prophecies.

173024:18nu8trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveEdom will become a possession of Israel0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The Israelites will occupy Edom”

173124:18w7ftrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyוְ⁠הָיָ֧ה יְרֵשָׁ֛ה שֵׂעִ֖יר1

Here Seir refers to the people who lived near Mount Seir.Alternate translation: “and the people of Seir will become a possession”

173224:18ysaarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוְ⁠הָיָ֧ה יְרֵשָׁ֛ה שֵׂעִ֖יר1

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Israel will also conquer the people of Seir”

173324:19u3rjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyOut of Jacob a king will come0

Jacob was the ancestor of the Israelites. “Jacob” is a metonym that refers to the whole people group.

173424:19d85vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitof their city0

This refers to the city of Ar where Balak met Balaam.

173524:20j37mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123personhis final end0

A singular pronoun is used because the Amalekites are spoken of as a single person.

173624:21n23brc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesthe Kenites0

This is the name of a people group who descended from Kain.

173724:21b7wkThe place where you live is strong0

Alternate translation: “The place were you live is well defended”

173824:21htj2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoryour nest is in the rocks0

This is a metaphor that means that they live in a secure place. Alternate translation: “your location is as secure as a nest high in the rocks”

173924:22ce4crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveNevertheless you Kenites will be consumed by fire when Assyria carries you away captive0

Here the destruction of the Kenites is spoken of as if they were burned up in a fire. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Nevertheless the Assyrians will destroy you Kenites like a fire, and take you away as captives”

174024:23bj5vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWho will survive when God does this?0

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one will survive when God does this!”

174124:24rl4trc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesKittim0

This is the name of a city on an island in the Mediterranean Sea.

174224:24zm8grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsthey, too, will end in destruction0

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word destruction, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “God will destroy them also”

174324:25wf69Balak0

This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.

174425:introvs5m0

Numbers 25 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The story of Balaam concludes in this chapter.

Special concepts in this chapter

Foreign women

Balaam told the young women from Moab to act friendly to the Israelite men and invite them to feasts in honor of their god Baal. The men went to the feasts and worshiped Baal. God was angry and killed 24,000 Israelite men. Foreign women are often the source of problems in Israel. They caused the men to worship their false gods. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])

174525:1bx2yrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesShittim0

This is the name of a place in Moab.

174625:2zud9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionbowed down0

This was an act of worship.

174725:3bum9Peor0

Peor was the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in Numbers 23:28.

174825:3idj8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomוַ⁠יִּֽחַר־ אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה1

This is an idiom that speaks of the increase in Yahwehs anger as if his nose was starting to burn. See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 21:20. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh became very angry”

174925:4ea9brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitall the leaders of the people0

It is implied that this refers to the leaders who were guilty of idolatry. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “all the leaders of the people who are guilty of idolatry”

175025:4yg38to expose them in the daylight0

This means that the leaders of Israel will kill these people and leave their dead bodies out where all the people can see them.

175125:5by2qto Israels leaders0

Alternate translation: “to Israels leaders who were not guilty of idolatry”

175225:5d7dsPeor0

Peor was the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in Numbers 23:28.

175325:6ze7nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitbrought among his family members a Midianite woman0

It is implied that he brought her among his camp to have sex with her. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “brought a Midianite woman to the Israelite camp to sleep with her”

175425:6h1berc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomin the sight of Moses and all the community of the people of Israel0

Here “in the sight of” is an idiom that means they heard about it, or found out about it.

175525:7b58qEleazar0

This is the name of Aarons son. See how you translated it in Numbers 3:2.

175625:8kww8He followed0

Alternate translation: “Phinehas followed”

175725:11z3sfConnecting Statement:0

Connecting Statement:

Yahweh begins to speak to Moses.

175825:11j3xurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorturned my rage away from the people of Israel0

Gods rage is spoken of as if it were something that could be physically pushed aside in order to stop it. Alternate translation: “caused me to no longer be angry with the people of Israel”

175925:11lt3frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorI have not consumed the people of Israel in my fierceness0

God is spoken of as if he were a fierce animal that could have eaten up the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “I have not destroyed the people of Israel in my terrible anger”

176025:13eu4wConnecting Statement:0

Connecting Statement:

This is the end of Yahwehs speech that begins in verse 11.

176125:14u1w2rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-backgroundNow0

This switches from the main story line to background information about Zimri and Kozbi.

176225:14xw6irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivewho was killed0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Phinehas killed”

176325:14r6verc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesZimri … Salu0

These are names of men.

176425:15e341rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesZur0

This is the name of a man.

176525:15pqc7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesKozbi0

This is the name of a woman.

176625:18uaj4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounswith their deceitfulness0

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word deceitfulness, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “by deceiving you”

176725:18kw2lThey led you into evil0

Alternate translation: “They persuaded you to do this evil thing”

176825:18dj72in the case of Peor … in the matter of Peor0

Both of these phrases mean that these things happened at Mount Peor.

176925:18h4fyPeor0

Peor was the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in Numbers 23:28.

177025:18vp48rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivewho was killed0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Phinehas killed”

177126:introh5mw0

Numbers 26 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The ULT sets the lines in 26:1217, 2026, 2932, 35, 3839, 4445, 4849, 5758 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are long lists.

The people are counted in preparation for entering into the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])

Special concepts in this chapter

A new generation

None of the adults who came out of Egypt with Moses were still alive except the two faithful spies, Joshua and Caleb. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])

177226:2i1cerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitCount all the community0

They were only to count the men, not the women. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Count all the men of the community”

177326:2vni2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberstwenty years old and up0

Alternate translation: “20 years old and older”

177426:3z8gqspoke to them0

Alternate translation: “spoke to the Israelite leaders”

177526:3i73qplains0

A plain is a large flat area of land.

177626:4sjq1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberstwenty years old and up0

Alternate translation: “20 years old and older”

177726:5l25rrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.

177826:5jv53was the firstborn of Israel0

Here “Israel” refers to the man also known as Jacob.

177926:5blb4From his son0

The word “his” refers to Rueben.

178026:7ukj3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers43,730 men0

Alternate translation: “forty-three thousand seven hundred and thirty men”

178126:8vzn3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.

178226:8q6k2Eliab0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 16:1.

178326:9i6m2Eliab … Dathan … Abiram0

See how you translated these mens names in Numbers 16:1.

178426:10d33wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationThe earth opened its mouth and swallowed them up0

Here the earth is spoken of as if it were a person opening its mouth and eating something. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused the earth to split open, and the men fell in the hole”

178526:10l16krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationfire devoured 250 men0

Here the fire is spoken of as if it were a large animal devouring something. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused a fire that killed 250 men”

178626:10y2z4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers250 men0

Alternate translation: “two hundred and fifty men”

178726:11nb3jKorahs line0

Alternate translation: “all of Korahs family”

178826:11y8qjdie out0

Alternate translation: “end”

178926:12utp6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.

179026:14y9j2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers22,200 men0

Alternate translation: “twenty-two thousand two hundred men”

179126:15rb4hrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.

179226:18nkh7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers40,500 men0

Alternate translation: “forty thousand five hundred men”

179326:19hbe7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.

179426:22ar7qrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers76,500 men0

Alternate translation: “seventy-six thousand five hundred men”

179526:23f73trc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.

179626:25da8lrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers64,300 men0

Alternate translation: “sixty-four thousand three hundred men”

179726:26w3fzrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.

179826:27j5hxrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers60,500 men0

Alternate translation: “sixty thousand five hundred men”

179926:28fqy4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.

180026:30b45qrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.

180126:33slu8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.

180226:34af6urc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers52,700 men0

Alternate translation: “fifty-two thousand seven hundred men”

180326:35jhj1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.

180426:37y5mirc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers32,500 men0

Alternate translation: “thirty-two thousand five hundred men”

180526:37np8krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitThese were Josephs descendants, counted0

The word “these” refers to all of the men descended from Josephs sons, Ephraim and Manasseh. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “These were Josephs descendants, descended from his sons Manasseh and Ephraim, counted”

180626:37fxl7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivecounted in each of their clans0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they counted them in each of their clans”

180726:38fb9irc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.

180826:41t1c5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers45,600 men0

Alternate translation: “forty-five thousand six hundred men”

180926:42x61crc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.

181026:43s5varc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers64,400 men0

Alternate translation: “sixty-four thousand four hundred men”

181126:44lci1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.

181226:47lw59rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers53,400 men0

Alternate translation: “fifty-three thousand four hundred men”

181326:48v1j8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.

181426:50pgj7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers45,400 men0

Alternate translation: “forty-five thousand four hundred men”

181526:51l55tthe complete count0

Alternate translation: “the total number”

181626:51tr8mrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers601,7300

Alternate translation: “six-hundred and one thousand, seven hundred and thirty”

181726:53k6p3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThe land must be divided0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must divide the land”

181826:53ut1athese men0

This refers to all of the men that were counted in their clans, beginning in Numbers 26:5.

181926:53d4z2according to the number of their names0

Alternate translation: “by the number of people in each clan”

182026:54y96prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitgive more inheritance0

In this passage, the word “inheritance” refers to land inherited. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “give more land as an inheritance”

182126:54zpe1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivewho were counted0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom the leaders of Israel counted”

182226:55a5birc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe land must be divided0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must divide the land”

182326:55gx96by random lots0

Alternate translation: “by casting lots”

182426:55zwx4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveit will be divided0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you will divide it”

182526:56gvl8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivedistributed to them0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and you must distribute the land to them”

182626:57l46rrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

This is a list of the Levite clans. Moses counts the Levites separately from the other tribes because they did not receive any land.

182726:57r6qarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivecounted clan by clan0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the leaders also counted clan by clan”

182826:57mt4uGershon … Kohath … Merari0

See how you translated these mens names in Numbers 3:17.

182926:58au4aAmrams0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 3:19.

183026:59pqk6Amram0

See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 3:19.

183126:59zb3xShe bore to Amram their children0

Alternate translation: “She and Amram had children”

183226:60wwe5Nadab … Abihu … Ithamar0

See how you translated these mens names in Numbers 3:2.

183326:61qsd1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythey offered before Yahweh unacceptable fire0

Here the word “fire” is used to refer to “burning incense.” See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 3:4. Alternate translation: “they burned an incense offering to Yahweh in a way that he did not approve of”

183426:62ane3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivewho were counted0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom the leaders counted”

183526:62ac2rrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersשְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה וְ⁠עֶשְׂרִים֙ אֶ֔לֶף1

Alternate translation: “twenty-three thousand”

183626:62kw5done month old and up0

Alternate translation: “one month old and older”

183726:62atk6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethey were not counted0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “but the leaders did not count them”

183826:62e3dtrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitכִּ֠י לֹא־ נִתַּ֤ן לָ⁠הֶם֙ נַחֲלָ֔ה בְּ⁠ת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל1

Here, inheritance refers to land they inherited. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “because land in the midst of the sons of Israel was not given to them”

183926:62snpxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveכִּ֠י לֹא־ נִתַּ֤ן לָ⁠הֶם֙ נַחֲלָ֔ה בְּ⁠ת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל1

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “because Yahweh said they would not receive any land as an inheritance”

184026:63l1g7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivewho were counted by Moses and Eleazar the priest0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Moses and Eleazar the priest counted”

184126:64fpg9there was no man0

Alternate translation: “there were no men”

184226:64bwj6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivewho had been counted by Moses and Aaron the priest0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Moses and Aaron the priest had counted”

184326:64xc7src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivewhen the descendants of Israel were counted0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “when they counted the descendants of Israel”

184426:65zm6jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegativesThere was not a man left among them, except0

The word “them” refers to all of the people who were counted in the wilderness of Sinai. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “The only ones who were still alive were”

184526:65sl65son of Jephunneh0

Jephunneh was Calebs father. See how you translated this in Numbers 13:6.

184626:65j2tlson of Nun0

Nun was Joshuas father. See how you translated this in Numbers 11:28.

184727:introg57e0

Numbers 27 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Daughters

The daughters of Korah received no land because their father was punished by Yahweh. Yahweh still graciously gave them their fathers portion of land. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]])

The new leader is Joshua

God told Moses to appoint Joshua as the new leader. Joshua became Yahwehs anointed leader. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]])

184827:1r2z7Then to Moses came the daughters of Zelophehad … son of Joseph0

This tells us the genealogy of Zelophehad. Alternate translation: “Then the daughters of Zelophehad son of Hepher son of Gilead son of Machir son of Manasseh, of the clans of Manasseh son of Joseph came to Moses”

184927:1xh5xZelophehad son of Hepher … Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milkah, and Tirzah0

See how you translated these mens names in Numbers 26:33.

185027:1f1ulGilead … Machir0

See how you translated these mens names in Numbers 26:29.

185127:2ma3gThey stood0

Alternate translation: “The daughters of Zelophehad stood”

185227:3a6nurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitwho conspired against Yahweh in the company of Korah0

The people in the company of Korah gathered together and rebelled against Yahweh. Yahweh caused them to die, because of their sin. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “who died because they were among Korahs followers who rebelled against Yahweh”

185327:3tn9zfor his own sin0

Alternate translation: “because of his own sin”

185427:4g3j5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhy should our fathers name be taken away from among his clan members because he had no son?0

At that time, only sons received land as an inheritance. The daughters use this question to suggest that they should receive the inheritance and continue the family clan. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not remove our fathers name from the clan members just because he did not have a son.”

185527:4xm1prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitGive us land among our fathers relatives0

This means that they are asking to inherit land near where their fathers relatives are inheriting land. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Give us land where our fathers relatives live”

185627:7nrv6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitamong their fathers relatives0

This means that they will be inherit land where their fathers relatives are inheriting land. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “where their fathers relatives live”

185727:11j9ydrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivebe a law established by decree for the people of Israel0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “be a law that all the people of Israel must obey”

185827:11l371has commanded me0

Here “me” refers to Moses.

185927:12qn5krc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesmountains of Abarim0

This is a range of mountains in Moab.

186027:12ak5mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorthat I have given to the people of Israel0

Here Yahweh speaks about the land that his is giving the Israel as if he has already given it to them. He speaks this way to emphasize that his committed to give it to them. Alternate translation: “that I will give to the people of Israel”

186127:13q4kvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismyou, too, must be gathered to your people0

This is a euphemism that means Moses will die and his spirit will go to the place where his ancestors are. Alternate translation: “you must die”

186227:13r7vjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsislike Aaron your brother0

You can make clear the understood information that Aaron died. Alternate translation: “like your older brother Aaron died”

186327:14le2iyou two rebelled0

This refers to Moses and Aaron.

186427:14wu26wilderness of Zin0

See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 13:21.

186527:14uty1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitwhen the water flowed from the rock, in your anger0

This refers to an event when Yahweh made water miraculously flow out of a rock. God told Moses to speak to the rock. Instead, Moses hit the rock because he was angry with the people.

186627:14xyy8you failed to honor me as holy0

Alternate translation: “you did not treat me as holy”

186727:14a4nyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochebefore the eyes of the whole community0

Here the people of the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they saw. Alternate translation: “in front of the whole community”

186827:14u1wvwaters of Meribah0

See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 20:13.

186927:16z8x6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochethe God of the spirits of all humanity0

This could mean: (1) here “spirits” refers to all people.” Alternate translation: “the God over all of humanity” or (2) the reference to “spirits” refers to God having given life and breath to all people. Alternate translation: “the God who gives breath to all people” or “the God who give life to all humanity”

187027:16zz8prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idioma man over the community0

To be “over” a group of people means to have authority to lead them. Alternate translation: “a man to lead the community”

187127:17s1merc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idioma man who may go out and come in before them and lead them out and bring them in0

This is an idiom that means a person who will lead all the people and also lead the army into battle.

187227:17t27brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileso that your community is not like sheep that have no shepherd0

This is a simile that means without a leader the people will wander and be helpless.

187327:18t7dnTake Joshua son of Nun, a man in whom my Spirit lives0

Yahwehs Spirit is in Joshua, meaning that Joshua obeys Yahweh and follows his commands.

187427:18p1rdrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionlay your hand on him0

This is a sign of dedicating someone to Gods service. Alternate translation: “lay your hand on him to appoint him”

187527:19naq8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochecommand him before their eyes to lead them0

Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “in front of all of them command Joshua to lead the people of Israel”

187627:20k5n4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorYou must put some of your authority on him0

Here Yahweh speaks of Moses giving some of his authority to Joshua as if it were an article of clothing that he could put on him. Alternate translation: “You should give him some of your authority” or “Let him decide what the people should do”

187727:21xn7prc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownUrim0

This was a sacred stone that the High Priest wore on his chest plate. He used it to determine Gods will.

187827:21p15trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merismIt will be at his command that the people will go out and come in0

This means that Joshua will have authority to command the movements of the community of Israel. “Going out” and “coming in” are two opposite commands used to emphasize that he will have full command over their movements. Alternate translation: “He will command the communitys movements”

187927:21h413rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismboth he and all the people of Israel with him, the whole community0

Both of these phrases mean the same thing, and they are used together for emphasis. Alternate translation: “both he and the entire nation of Israel”

188027:22bms6placed him before0

Alternate translation: “told him to stand in front of”

188127:23gcp5He laid his hands on him and commanded him to lead0

Alternate translation: “He” refers to Moses, and “him” refers to Joshua.

188227:23cb8nrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionHe laid his hands on him0

The laying on of hands was a way of setting a person apart to do a special task for God.

188327:23nk4arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisto lead0

You can make clear the understood information to lead the people. Alternate translation: “to lead the people” or “to be the leader of the Israelites”

188427:23cw8has Yahweh had commanded him to do0

Here “him” refers to Moses.

188528:introyh9y0

Numbers 28 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Offerings for special days

God commanded the Israelites to make special offerings for Sabbaths, new months, Passover and firstfruits. On each of these occasions, specific sacrifices were required. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/firstfruit]])

188628:2vl5nat the appointed times0

Alternate translation: “at the times that I haven chosen”

188728:2d2ncrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe food of my offerings made by fire to produce0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the food offerings that you will burn on the altar produce”

188828:2ii63a sweet aroma for me0

Alternate translation: “a smell I enjoy”

188928:3ng8vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe offering made by fire0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “the burnt offering” or “the offering you have burned by fire on the altar”

189028:5xae3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivemixed with0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “which you have mixed with”

189128:5n3fdrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionוַ⁠עֲשִׂירִ֧ית הָ⁠אֵיפָ֛ה1

A tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.

189228:5x6xhrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeוַ⁠עֲשִׂירִ֧ית הָ⁠אֵיפָ֛ה1

You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters of” or “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters) of”

189328:5y354rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionרְבִיעִ֥ת הַ⁠הִֽין1

One fourth means one part out of four equal parts.

189428:5r9dirc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeרְבִיעִ֥ת הַ⁠הִֽין1

You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a liter of” or “one-fourth of a hin (which is almost 1 liter) of”

189528:5gu2xbeaten oil0

This refers to oil that has been pressed out of olives. Alternate translation: “pressed oil” or “pure olive oil”

189628:6r7yzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethat was commanded at Mount Sinai0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh commanded at Mount Sinai”

189728:6i5mvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivemade by fire0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you burned on the altar”

189828:7j24arc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionרְבִיעִ֣ת הַ⁠הִ֔ין1

The fourth means one part out of four equal parts.

189928:7mkasrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeרְבִיעִ֣ת הַ⁠הִ֔ין1

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “shall be a liter” or “shall be one-fourth of a hin (which is almost 1 liter)”

190028:7uf3mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitYou must pour out in the holy place a drink offering of strong drink to Yahweh0

This sentence describes the drink offering that is to accompany the lamb. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “It must be a drink offering of strong drink and you must pour it out in the holy place to Yahweh”

190128:8sd8nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivelike the one offered0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “like the one you offered”

190228:9nv9krc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionוּ⁠שְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֧לֶת1

The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.

190328:9vgpxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisוּ⁠שְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֧לֶת1

The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “and two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour”

190428:9l25urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivemixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil”

190528:9rgb3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe drink offering with it0

Many offerings had a drink offering that was required to be offered with them. The full meaning of the can be made clear. Alternate translation: “the drink offering that accompanies it”

190628:12rs1irc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionוּ⁠שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת1

The three-tenths means three parts out of ten equal parts.

190728:12sid3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisוּ⁠שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת1

The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “and three-tenths of an ephah of fine flour”

190828:12sa2rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivemixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil”

190928:12vr13rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionוּ⁠שְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת1

The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.

191028:12pu5xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisוּ⁠שְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת1

The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “and two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour”

191128:12fcmorc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeוּ⁠שְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת1

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “and four and a half liters of fine flour” or “and two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters) of fine flour”

191228:13kh7wrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionוְ⁠עִשָּׂרֹ֣ן עִשָּׂר֗וֹן סֹ֤לֶת1

A tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.

191328:13lme4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisוְ⁠עִשָּׂרֹ֣ן עִשָּׂר֗וֹן סֹ֤לֶת1

The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “and a tenth of an ephah of fine flour”

191428:13wjymrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeוְ⁠עִשָּׂרֹ֣ן עִשָּׂר֗וֹן סֹ֤לֶת1

You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters of fine flour”

191528:13sbx3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivemade by fire0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you burned on the altar”

191628:14fi54rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionחֲצִ֣י הַ⁠הִין֩1

A half means one part out of two equal parts.

191728:14if3yrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeחֲצִ֣י הַ⁠הִין֩1

You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “two liters of” or “half a hin (which is two liters) of”

191828:14uy8xrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionוּ⁠שְׁלִישִׁ֧ת הַ⁠הִ֣ין1

A third means one part out of three equal parts.

191928:14wif2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeוּ⁠שְׁלִישִׁ֧ת הַ⁠הִ֣ין1

You can express in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “1.2 liters of” or “one and one-fifth liters of” or “half a hin (which is 1.2 liters) of”

192028:14t84urc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionוּ⁠רְבִיעִ֥ת הַ⁠הִ֛ין1

A fourth means one part out of four equal parts.

192128:14gekhrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeוּ⁠רְבִיעִ֥ת הַ⁠הִ֛ין1

You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a liter” or “one-fourth of a hin (which is almost 1 liter)”

192228:15pi9drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveOne male goat as a sin offering to Yahweh must be offered0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must offer one male goat to Yahweh as a sin offering”

192328:16vq3qrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonthsוּ⁠בַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הָ⁠רִאשׁ֗וֹן בְּ⁠אַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר י֖וֹם לַ⁠חֹ֑דֶשׁ1

This refers to the first month of the Hebrew calendar.

192428:16k2hccomes Yahwehs Passover0

Alternate translation: “you must celebrate Yahwehs Passover”

192528:17agz5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonthsוּ⁠בַ⁠חֲמִשָּׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֥ר י֛וֹם לַ⁠חֹ֥דֶשׁ הַ⁠זֶּ֖ה1

This refers to the first month of the Hebrew calendar.

192628:17l12wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivea feast is to be held0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “you must have a feast”

192728:17gw3frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivebread without yeast must be eaten0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “you must eat bread without yeast”

192828:18jgc4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitבַּ⁠יּ֥וֹם הָ⁠רִאשׁ֖וֹן1

This refers to the first day of the feast. You can state this clearly. Alternate translation: “On day 1 of the feast”

192928:18wcl9there must be a holy assembly to honor Yahweh0

The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “you must gather together to worship and honor Yahweh”

193028:19v698rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveyou must offer a sacrifice made by fire, a burnt offering0

The idea of “burnt” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must burn an offering on the altar”

193128:20ztc9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionשְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים1

The **three-tenths” means three parts out of ten equal parts.

193228:20fvxgrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisשְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים1

The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “three-tenths of an ephah”

193328:20giegrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeשְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים1

You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters”

193428:20nb8crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivemixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil”

193528:20lcc6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionוּ⁠שְׁנֵ֧י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֛ים1

The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.

193628:20iyr6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisוּ⁠שְׁנֵ֧י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֛ים1

The words “of an ephah of fine flour” are understood from the previous phrase. You can repeat them here. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour”

193728:20mz27rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeוּ⁠שְׁנֵ֧י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֛ים1

You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters”

193828:21u36trc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionעִשָּׂר֤וֹן עִשָּׂרוֹן֙1

A tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.

193928:21pxrjrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeעִשָּׂר֤וֹן עִשָּׂרוֹן֙1

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters”

194028:21q5zprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisעִשָּׂר֤וֹן עִשָּׂרוֹן֙1

The words “of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “One-tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil”

194128:22ma18rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsto make atonement0

The phrase “make atonement” can be expressed with the verb “atone.” Alternate translation: “to atone”

194228:23u3dtrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiverequired each morning0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which Yahweh requires each morning”

194328:24whx2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveAs described here0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “As I, Yahweh, have described here”

194428:24dh1trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe food of the offering made by fire0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must burn the food offering on the altar”

194528:24zv8na sweet aroma for Yahweh0

Alternate translation: “as a sweet aroma for Yahweh”

194628:24g7rdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveIt must be offered0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must offer it”

194728:25niw8have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh0

The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh”

194828:26m6k3the day of the firstfruits0

This refers to the day during the Festival of Weeks when they offer the grain offering to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “the day of the firstfruits, that is the day”

194928:26bm4ahave a holy assembly to honor Yahweh0

The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh”

195028:28hu83rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveבְּלוּלָ֣ה בַ⁠שָּׁ֑מֶן1

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil”

195128:28p6rrrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionשְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙1

The three-tenths means three parts out of ten equal parts.

195228:28w5qwrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeשְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙1

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters”

195328:28qfh5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionשְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים1

The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.

195428:28amlxrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeשְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים1

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters”

195528:28t0odrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisשְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים1

The words “of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” are understood from the previous phrase and can be repeated. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour (which is about 4.5 liters) mixed with oil”

195628:29tdh2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionעִשָּׂרוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן1

A tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.

195728:29bm0krc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeעִשָּׂרוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן1

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters”

195828:29t9h7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivefine flour mixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour which you mix with oil”

195928:30yj1erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsto make atonement0

The word “atonement” can be expressed with the verb “atone.” Alternate translation: “to atone”

196028:31k54hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessiontheir drink offerings0

This refers to the drink offerings that are required to accompany each of the animals when they are sacrificed. Alternate translation: “the drink offerings that are offered with them” or “the drink offerings that accompany them”

196129:introgs9v0

Numbers 29 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter continues the material from the previous chapter about offerings on specific days.

196229:1n5nd0

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.

196329:1wr36rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonthsוּ⁠בַ⁠חֹ֨דֶשׁ הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֜י בְּ⁠אֶחָ֣ד לַ⁠חֹ֗דֶשׁ1

This refers to the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. Alternate translation: “And on day 1 of month 7”

196429:1c4iyhave a holy assembly to honor Yahweh0

The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh”

196529:1d1mbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheIt will be a day when you blow trumpets0

The word “you” refers to the people of Israel who here represent the priests. The priests blew the trumpet to begin a worship service or to gather the community together. Alternate translation: “It will be a day when the priests blow trumpets”

196629:3k2nlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessiontheir grain offering0

This refers to the grain offerings that are required to accompany each of the animals when they are sacrificed. Alternate translation: “the grain offerings that are offered with them” or “the grain offerings that accompany them”

196729:3mh5zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivemixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil”

196829:3yys9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionשְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙1

The three-tenths means three parts out of ten equal parts.

196929:3cruvrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeשְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙1

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters”

197029:3wfp3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisשְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙1

The phrase “of fine flour mixed with oil” is understood from the previous phrase and can be repeated. Alternate translation: “three-tenths of an ephah (which is about six liters) of fine flour mixed with oil”

197129:3c9pgrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionשְׁנֵ֥י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֖ים1

The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.

197229:3l8mlrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeשְׁנֵ֥י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֖ים1

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters”

197329:3yylrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisשְׁנֵ֥י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֖ים1

The phrase “of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” is understood from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters) of fine flour mixed with oil”

197429:4chq7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionוְ⁠עִשָּׂר֣וֹן אֶחָ֔ד1

The one-tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.

197529:4uehgrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeוְ⁠עִשָּׂר֣וֹן אֶחָ֔ד1

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters”

197629:4fdndrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisוְ⁠עִשָּׂר֣וֹן אֶחָ֔ד1

The phrase “of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” is understood from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters) of fine flour mixed with oil”

197729:5b36krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsto make atonement0

The word “atonement” can be expressed with the verb “atone.” Alternate translation: “to atone”

197829:6frt3of each month: the special burnt offering … with it0

This is the offering that is made on the first day of each month. Alternate translation: “of each month—the special burnt offering … with it”

197929:6h1cfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionthe regular burnt offering, its grain offering, and its drink offerings0

This refers to the offerings the priests were to give every day. The grain offering and drink offering were to be offered with the regular burnt offering. Alternate translation: “the regular burnt offering, with the grain offering and drink offerings that accompany it”

198029:6nh25rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveyou will obey what has been decreed0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you will obey Yahwehs decree” or “you will obey what Yahweh had decreed”

198129:6kle9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivean offering made by fire to Yahweh0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “an offering you burnt on the altar to Yahweh”

198229:7v8xprc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalוּ⁠בֶ⁠עָשׂוֹר֩ לַ⁠חֹ֨דֶשׁ הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֜י הַ⁠זֶּ֗ה1

Alternate translation: “And on day 10 of month 7”

198329:7v4f3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonthsוּ⁠בֶ⁠עָשׂוֹר֩ לַ⁠חֹ֨דֶשׁ הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֜י הַ⁠זֶּ֗ה1

The word month refers to those in the Hebrew calendar.

198429:7dka4have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh0

The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh”

198529:9k4tvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivefine flour mixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour which you have mixed with oil”

198629:9ufz8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionשְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙1

The three-tenths means three parts out of ten equal parts.

198729:9qwhdrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeשְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙1

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters”

198829:9arggrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisשְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙1

The words “of an ephah” are understood from earlier in the verse. Alternate translation: “three-tenths of an ephah (which is about six liters) ”

198929:9bde9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionשְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים1

The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.

199029:9muukrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeשְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים1

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters”

199129:9k18zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisשְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים1

The words “of an ephah” are understood from earlier in the verse. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters)”

199229:10n1nxrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionעִשָּׂרוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן1

The tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.

199329:10isytrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeעִשָּׂרוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן1

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters”

199429:10y5ikrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisעִשָּׂרוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן1

The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)”

199529:11ray5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsof atonement0

The word “atonement” can be expressed with the verb “atone.” Alternate translation: “that atones for you”

199629:11cc81rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionits grain offering, and their drink offerings0

The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them”

199729:12kw4nrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalוּ⁠בַ⁠חֲמִשָּׁה֩ עָשָׂ֨ר י֜וֹם לַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֗י1

Alternate translation: “day 15 of month 7”

199829:12zkngrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonthsוּ⁠בַ⁠חֲמִשָּׁה֩ עָשָׂ֨ר י֜וֹם לַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֗י1

The word month refer to those in the Hebrew calendar.

199929:12e72qhave a holy assembly to honor Yahweh0

The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh”

200029:12e2ymrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomyou must keep the festival for him0

This is an idiom. Here the word “keep” means to observe or celebrate. The word “him” refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “you must observe the festival for Yahweh” or “you must celebrate the festival for Yahweh”

200129:13lh4lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivea sacrifice made by fire0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “you must burn it on the altar”

200229:13u88prc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersthirteen young bulls, two rams, and fourteen male lambs0

Alternate translation: “13 young bulls, 2 rams, and 14 male lambs”

200329:14ja5hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivefine flour mixed with oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour which you have mixed with oil”

200429:14idt9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionשְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים1

The three-tenths means three parts out of ten equal parts.

200529:14h524rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeשְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים1

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters”

200629:14lvmerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisשְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים1

The phrase “an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” is understood from earlier in the sentence and can be repeated. Alternate translation: “three-tenths of an ephah (which is about six liters) of fine flour mixed with oil”

200729:14hgf4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersthirteen bulls0

Alternate translation: “13 bulls”

200829:14qmq4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionשְׁנֵ֤י עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙1

The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.

200929:14r1ryrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeשְׁנֵ֤י עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙1

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters”

201029:14xcn4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisשְׁנֵ֤י עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙1

The phrase “of an ephah of fine flour” is understood from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters) of fine flour mixed with oil”

201129:15jj7trc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersfourteen lambs0

Alternate translation: “14 lambs”

201229:15qqa5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionוְ⁠עִשָּׂרׄוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן1

The tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.

201329:15z8vcrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumeוְ⁠עִשָּׂרׄוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן1

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “two liters”

201429:15i5nprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisוְ⁠עִשָּׂרׄוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן1

The phrase “of fine flour” is understood from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters) of fine flour mixed with oil”

201529:16vxx2its grain offering, and the drink offering with it0

The grain offering and drink offering accompany the regular burnt offering.

201629:17r62trc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalOn the second day of the assembly0

Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “On day 2 of the festival”

201729:17dus6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberstwelve young bulls, two rams, and fourteen male lambs0

Alternate translation: “12 young bulls, 2 rams, and 14 male lambs”

201829:18sk9urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveas were commanded0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”

201929:19f57mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionits grain offering, and their drink offerings0

The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. Drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them”

202029:20mi8prc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe third day of the assembly0

Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “day 3 of the festival”

202129:20r4i9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberseleven bulls, two rams, and fourteen male lambs0

Alternate translation: “11 bulls, 2 rams, and 14 male lambs”

202229:21q47trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveas were commanded0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”

202329:22fe9mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionits grain offering, and their drink offerings0

The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them”

202429:23kxu3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe fourth day of the assembly0

Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “day 4 of the festival”

202529:23v266rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersfourteen male lambs0

Alternate translation: “14 male lambs”

202629:24g8rlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveas were commanded0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”

202729:25y2d2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionits grain offering, and their drink offerings0

The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them”

202829:26jr4erc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe fifth day of the assembly0

Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “day 5 of the festival”

202929:26wa33rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersfourteen male lambs0

Alternate translation: “14 male lambs”

203029:27y83frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveas were commanded0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”

203129:28dde7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionits grain offering, and their drink offerings0

The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them”

203229:29l7vrrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe sixth day of the assembly0

Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “day 6 of the festival”

203329:29dix2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersfourteen male lambs0

Alternate translation: “14 male lambs”

203429:30x5lxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveas were commanded0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”

203529:31mq57rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionits grain offering, and their drink offerings0

The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them”

203629:32mwy5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe seventh day of the assembly0

Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “day 7 of the festival”

203729:32x55krc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersfourteen male lambs0

Alternate translation: “14 male lambs”

203829:33rxm4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveas were commanded0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”

203929:34vk22rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionits grain offering, and their drink offerings0

The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them”

204029:35a9cf0

General Information:

Yahweh tells Moses what the people must do after the seven-day festival in the seventh month.

204129:35hs6trc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinaleighth day0

This “eighth” is the ordinal number for eight.

204229:35x6n9have another solemn assembly0

This is another assembly similar to the one on the first day of the festival. Alternate translation: “gather together again to worship Yahweh”

204329:36h37krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivean offering made by fire0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must burn it on the altar”

204429:37hc7wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessiontheir grain offering and their drink offerings0

These offerings were to be offered with the bull, the ram, and the lambs. Alternate translation: “the grain offerings and the drink offerings”

204529:37m6ncrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveas were commanded0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”

204629:38nyr3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionits grain offering, and their drink offerings0

The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them”

204729:39zpq3These are what you must offer0

Alternate translation: “These offerings are what you must offer”

204829:39y3wffixed festivals0

These are festivals that occurred at regularly scheduled times. The word “fixed” means “set” or “predetermined.” Alternate translation: “planned festivals”

204930:introe9dr0

Numbers 30 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Vows

Because a vow is a type of promise, men must do what they have vowed to do. A father or a husband has one day in which to cancel a womans vow. Otherwise, she must do what she vowed she would do. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

205030:2n92aa man makes a vow0

The words “a man” refer to any man, not one particular man. It refers only to men and does not include women. Alternate translation: “any man”

205130:2yep5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorto bind himself with a binding promise0

Here Moses speaks of a person promising to do something as if his promise were a physical object that he ties to himself. Alternate translation: “committing to fulfill a promise” or “promising to do something”

205230:2d5ftrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismhe must not break his word. He must keep his promise to do everything that comes out of his mouth0

These two sentences have similar meanings and are combined to emphasize that he must fulfill his promises. Here “word” is a metonym that refers to what he said.

205330:2nf8mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorלֹ֥א יַחֵ֖ל דְּבָר֑⁠וֹ1

The phrase his word refers to a mans oaths and vows. Alternate translation: “he must fulfill his promises”

205430:2krx2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyeverything that comes out of his mouth0

Here the word “mouth” is a metonym for the things that the man says. Alternate translation: “to do everything that he says he will do”

205530:3rh7vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorbinds herself with a promise0

Here Moses speaks of a woman promising to do something as if her promise were a physical object that she ties to herself. Alternate translation: “commits herself to fulfilling a promise” or “promises to do something”

205630:4u957rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletthe vow and the promise0

These two phrases have very similar meanings. They emphasize what she has promised to do. Alternate translation: “the vow”

205730:4xw8rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorby which she has bound herself0

Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: “that she has committed herself to fulfill”

205830:4c1r2he says nothing to reverse her0

Alternate translation: “he does not cancel what she has said”

205930:4vp6brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwill stand0

This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and that she will be required to fulfill them. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill”

206030:5m6gkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublether vows or the pledges0

These two phrases have very similar meanings. They emphasize what she has promised to do. Alternate translation: “her vows”

206130:5u255rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwill stand0

This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and she will be required to fulfill them. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 30:4. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill”

206230:5r6kdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitYahweh will release her0

This refers to Yahweh forgiving her for not fulfilling her vows. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will forgive her for not fulfilling her vows”

206330:6qq7yrash0

something done without thinking

206430:6r4gcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorby which she has bound herself0

Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: “which she has committed herself to fulfill”

206530:7s8e5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsissays nothing to her0

You may need to specify that he says nothing to her about her vow. Alternate translation: “says nothing to her about her vow” or “does not tell her to have Yahweh release her from the vow”

206630:7nh9krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorby which she bound herself0

Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: “that she has committed herself to fulfill” See how this is translated in Numbers 30:4.

206730:7vj3jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwill stand0

This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and that she will be required to fulfill them. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill” See how this is translated in Numbers 30:4.

206830:8n9fwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismthe vow that she has made … the rash talk of her lips0

These two phrases refer to the same thing. The second phrase describes the vow that the woman made. Alternate translation: “the vow that she has made … that is, the rash talk of her lips”

206930:8j925rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochethe rash talk of her lips0

The phrase “the rash talk” refers to the rash promise that she made. Here “her lips” means the woman herself. She is referred to as “her lips” because lips are related to what she says. Alternate translation: “the rash things she has said” or “her rash promise”

207030:8pen9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwith which she has bound herself0

Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: “that she has committed herself to fulfill” See how this is translated in Numbers 30:4.

207130:9vr6drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivea divorced woman0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a woman whom a man has divorced”

207230:9aab4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwill stand against her0

This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and she will be required to fulfill them. See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 30:4. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill”

207330:10svt7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIf a woman made a vow in her husbands house0

This refers to a married woman. You can make the meaning of this statement clear. Alternate translation: “If a married woman makes a vow”

207430:11m4jfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomthen all her vows will stand0

This is an idiom. The phrase “will stand” means that her vows will remain in effect and she will be required to fulfill them. See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 30:4. Alternate translation: “then she must fulfill all her vows”

207530:12p61zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythen whatever came out of her lips0

Here what the woman said is referred to as something that came out of her lips. Alternate translation: “then whatever she said”

207630:12r31mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwill not stand0

This is an idiom. It means that her vows will not remain in effect and she will be not required to fulfill them. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 30:4. Alternate translation: “she will not be obligated to fulfill”

207730:13rng1binding oath to afflict her0

an oath by which the woman says that unless she fulfills the oath, God or other poeple have the right to afflict her

207830:14sq3zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorbinding promises0

Moses describes a womans promises as if they were something that she is physically bound by. Alternate translation: “obligations” or “promises”

207930:14ntv6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwill stand0

This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and that she will be required to fulfill them. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill” See how this is translated in Numbers 30:4.

208030:14w9nvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisbecause he has said nothing to her0

You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “because he has said nothing to her about them”

208130:15z7x5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthen he will be responsible for her guilt0

This means that he will be guilty of her sin instead of her if she does not fulfill her vow. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “if she does not fulfill her vow, she will not be guilty of her sin, and he will be guilty instead of her”

208231:introp1di0

Numbers 31 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Midianites

Israel killed the Midianites, including Balaam, for tempting them to worship Baal. This battle was at Yahwehs command. Yahweh would bring justice. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])

208331:2u6qqTake vengeance on the Midianites for what they did to the Israelites0

Yahweh was punishing the Midianites for convincing the Israelites to worship idols.

208431:2gcqbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismתֵּאָסֵ֥ף אֶל־ עַמֶּֽי⁠ךָ1

This is a polite way to emphasize that it is time for Moses to die and for his spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are.

208531:3z1v2Arm some of your men for war0

Alternate translation: “Give weapons to some of your men”

208631:3jkm1go against Midian and carry out Yahwehs vengeance on it0

Alternate translation: “go fight a war against the Midianites and punish them for what they did to us”

208731:4zf2prc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersa thousand0

Alternate translation: “1,000”

208831:5i7mhrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberstwelve thousand0

Alternate translation: “12,000”

208931:5i3cmIsraels thousands of men0

Alternate translation: “the thousands of Israels men”

209031:5bef8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveone thousand was provided from each tribe0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “every tribe sent 1,000 men to war”

209131:5qqa6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicittwelve thousand men armed for war0

All 12 tribes sent men, including the tribe of Levi. Each tribe sent 1,000 men into battle.

209231:8n3tarc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesEvi, Rekem, Zur, Hur, and Reba0

These are names of kings of Midian.

209331:8e2d3Balaam son of Beor0

Beor was Balaams father. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:5.

209431:9y5k2They took these as plunder0

Alternate translation: “They took the Midianites possessions as their own”

209531:10xji1They burned all their cities where they lived and all their camps0

Alternate translation: “Israels army burned all the Midianites cities where the Midianites lived and all the Midianites camps”

209631:11yll7They took0

Alternate translation: “The army of Israel took”

209731:11ghi1plunder0

This refers to the material goods they recovered from killing the Midianite men.

209831:12zi9fplains0

a large area of flat land

209931:14r7xxrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersthe commanders of thousands and the captains of hundreds0

This could mean: (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders and captains led. Alternate translation: “the commanders of 1,000 soldiers and the captains of 100 soldiers” or (2) the words translated as “thousands” and “hundreds” do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: “the commanders of large military divisions and the captains of smaller military divisions”

210031:15q7z6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHave you let all the women live?0

The law was explicit on who would be permitted to live. The army violated the law by allowing all the women and children to live. This was a rebuke to the army leaders.

210131:16zwr2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomLook0

This word is used here to draw the audiences attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”

210231:17x8nqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismhas known a man by lying with him0

Alternate translation: “has had sexual relations with a man”

210331:18f9zv0

General Information:

Moses speaks to the commanders of the Israelite army about becoming clean before God.

210431:18m1aerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismwho have not known a man by lying with him0

This refers to girls who were virgins. Alternate translation: “who have not had sexual relations with any man”

210531:19esz2All of you0

Moses is referring to anyone who fought in battle, not just the commanders.

210631:19u6bvyou must purify yourselves0

They must become spiritually clean again before entering the camp.

210731:20bml5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveeverything made of animal hide and goats hair, and everything made of wood0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “everything that someone has made of animal hide, goats hair, or wood”

210831:21se970

General Information:

Eleazar teaches the soldiers the customs of becoming ceremonially clean before Yahweh after going to war.

210931:22m16egold, silver, bronze, iron, tin, and lead0

metals that were used during that time period

211031:23t8y8that resists fire0

Alternate translation: “that will not burn”

211131:23an62put it through the fire0

Alternate translation: “put it into the fire”

211231:23lv3dwater of cleansing0

This refers to water that someone has mixed with ashes from a sin offering. See: Numbers 19:1719.

211331:24y8tfthen you will become clean0

These are the customs of becoming ceremonially clean before Yahweh.

211431:26gv9arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveCount all the plundered things that were taken0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Count all of the possessions that the soldiers took”

211531:26i5qvthe leaders of the communitys ancestors clans0

Alternate translation: “the leaders of each clan”

211631:28ar4hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThen levy a tax to be given to me from the soldiers who went out to battle0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Collect a tax from the soldiers plunder and give it to me”

211731:28hv3brc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersevery five hundred0

Alternate translation: “every 500”

211831:29w6nrfrom their half0

Alternate translation: “from the soldiers half”

211931:29eds7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveto be presented to me0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which he will present to me”

212031:30e7zeAlso from the people of Israels half0

Alternate translation: “Also from the people of Israels half of the plunder”

212131:30s2xhwho take care0

those who oversee and maintain the tabernacle and sacrifices to Yahweh

212231:32s6hwNow0

This word is used here to mark a break in the main teaching. Here Moses begins listing the amount of plunder and how much went to the soldiers, to the people, and to Yahweh.

212331:32jc9urc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers675,000 sheep0

Alternate translation: “six hundred and seventy-five thousand sheep”

212431:33en2lrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersseventy-two thousand oxen0

Alternate translation: “72,000 oxen”

212531:34m1frrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberssixty-one thousand donkeys0

Alternate translation: “61,000 donkeys”

212631:35mz61rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersthirty-two thousand women0

Alternate translation: “32,000 women”

212731:35h8xsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismwomen who had not known a man by lying with him0

This refers to women who are virgins. Alternate translation: “women who had no had sexual relations with a man”

212831:36k5usrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

General Information:

Moses is listing the plunder that goes to the soldiers and the tax that goes to Yahweh.

212931:36hx4brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThe half that was kept for the soldiers0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The soldiers part of the sheep”

213031:36xz5arc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers337,000 sheep0

Alternate translation: “three hundred and thirty-seven thousand sheep”

213131:37kxp6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberswas 6750

Alternate translation: “was six hundred and seventy-five”

213231:38tpd3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersthirty-six thousand0

36,000

213331:38yn5yrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersseventy-two0

72

213431:39id45rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

General Information:

Moses is listing the plunder that goes to the soldiers and the tax that goes to Yahweh.

213531:39vj4qrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberswere 30,5000

Alternate translation: “were thirty thousand five hundred”

213631:39ryh3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberssixty-one0

61

213731:40p6gvrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberssixteen thousand0

16,000

213831:40db8hrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersthirty-two0

32

213931:41t161rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveto be an offering presented to Yahweh0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “to be an offering to Yahweh”

214031:42uzx5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

General Information:

Moses is listing the plunder that goes to the people and the tax that goes to Yahweh.

214131:43tq4zrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers337,500 sheep0

Alternate translation: “three hundred and thirty-seven thousand five hundred sheep”

214231:44iiy9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersthirty-six thousand oxen0

36,000 oxen

214331:46htl1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersוְ⁠נֶ֣פֶשׁ אָדָ֔ם שִׁשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר אָֽלֶף1

You can state this number in words. Alternate translation: “and sixteen thousand human lives”

214431:46ad6brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitוְ⁠נֶ֣פֶשׁ אָדָ֔ם שִׁשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר אָֽלֶף1

It has been stated earlier that all the males and the married women captives were put to death. Alternate translation: “and 16,000 women”

214531:47kg6lrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers0

General Information:

Moses is listing the plunder that goes to the people and the tax that goes to Yahweh.

214631:47kg6m0

General Information:

The tax on the peoples portion was higher than the tax on the soldiers portion.

214731:48vf7urc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersthe commanders over thousands and the captains over hundreds0

This could mean: (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders and captains led. Alternate translation: “the commanders over 1,000 soldiers and the captains over 100 soldiers” or (2) the words translated as “thousands” and “hundreds” do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: “the commanders over large military divisions and the captains over smaller military divisions” See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 31:14.

214831:49f2pwYour servants have counted0

The commanders refer to themselves as “your servants.” This is a polite way to speak to someone with greater authority.

214931:49v7tdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotesnot one man is missing0

This can be stated in a positive statement. “we know for certain that every man is here”

215031:50xin30

General Information:

The officers of the army continue speaking to Moses.

215131:50a59farmlets and bracelets, signet rings, earrings, and necklaces0

These are all types of jewelry that people wore.

215231:50zw94to make atonement for ourselves before Yahweh0

Alternate translation: “to thank God for saving our lives”

215331:51q5djthe gold and all the articles of craftsmanship0

Alternate translation: “all the articles of gold” or “all the golden jewelry”

215431:52grf3All the gold of the offering that they gave to Yahweh—the offerings from the commanders of thousands and from the captains of hundreds—weighed0

Alternate translation: “All the gold of the offering that the commanders of thousands and the captains of hundreds gave to Yahweh weighed”

215531:52qri3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersfrom the commanders of thousands and from the captains of hundreds0

This could mean: (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders and captains led. Alternate translation: “from the commanders of 1,000 soldiers and from the captains of 100 soldiers” or (2) the words translated as “thousands” and “hundreds” do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: “from the commanders of large military divisions and from the captains of smaller military divisions” See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 31:14.

215631:52b57hrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers16,7500

Alternate translation: “sixteen thousand, seven hundred and fifty”

215731:52gj47rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoneyshekels0

A shekel is 11 grams.

215831:54r1uqas a reminder of the people of Israel for Yahweh0

The gold will remind the people that Yahweh gave them victory. It will also remind Yahweh that the people fulfilled his revenge on the Midianites.

215932:introyg1s0

Numbers 32 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Reuben and Gads inheritance

Reuben and Gad were given the land conquered east of the Jordan River. This land had good pastures, and suited these tribes because they had many sheep, goats and cattle. They had not yet entered into the Promised Land, and it would have been sinful to not fight with the rest of Israel. So they promised to enter the land to fight with the other tribes, and then return to their own land. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

216032:1t4btrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-backgroundNow0

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Moses tells background information about the tribes of Reuben and Gad.

216132:3dwl6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAtaroth, Dibon, Jazer, Nimrah, Heshbon, Elealeh, Sebam, Nebo, and Beon0

These are names of cities.

216232:4fd7v0

General Information:

The people from Reuben and Gad continue speaking to Moses, Eleazar, and the other leaders.

216332:4t4lwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorthe lands that Yahweh attacked before the community of Israel0

Yahweh enabling the Israelites to conquer the people who lived in the land is spoken of as if Yahweh went before the Israelites and attacked the people. Alternate translation: “the lands where Yahweh enabled us to defeat the people living there”

216432:4a77cWe, your servants0

The people of the tribes of Reuben and Gad refer to themselves in this way to show respect to a person of higher authority.

216532:5kbebrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyאִם־ מָצָ֤אנוּ חֵן֙ בְּ⁠עֵינֶ֔י⁠ךָ1

Here, eyes are a metonym for sight. Alternate translation: “If we have found favor in your sight”

216632:5pl1grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomאִם־ מָצָ֤אנוּ חֵן֙ בְּ⁠עֵינֶ֔י⁠ךָ1

Here, found favor is an idiom that means be approved of or that the leaders are pleased with them. Alternate translation: “If you are pleased with us”

216732:5ig4mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorאִם־ מָצָ֤אנוּ חֵן֙ בְּ⁠עֵינֶ֔י⁠ךָ1

Here, for Moses to see with his eyes is a metaphor representing his evaluation. Alternate translation: “If we have found favor with you”

216832:5q5ikrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivelet this land be given to us0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “give this land to us”

216932:5gd1trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitDo not make us cross over the Jordan0

They wanted the land on the east side of the Jordan River instead of crossing over to the west side and claiming land there. Alternate translation: “Do not make us cross over the Jordan to take possession of land on that side”

217032:6sua3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionShould your brothers go to war while you settle down here?0

Moses asks this question to rebuke the people from the tribes of Gad and Reuben. Alternate translation: “It is wrong for you to settle down in this land while your brothers go to war.”

217132:7c23xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhy discourage the hearts … the land that Yahweh has given them?0

Moses asks this question to correct the people from the tribes of Gad and Reuben. Alternate translation: “Do not discourage the hearts … the land that Yahweh has given them.” or “Your actions would discourage the hearts … the land that Yahweh has given them.”

217232:7yrl5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochediscourage the hearts of the people of Israel from going0

Here the word “hearts” represents the people themselves and refers to the seat of their emotions. Alternate translation: “discourage the people of Israel from going” or “cause the people of Israel to not want to go”

217332:9ge3erc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesValley of Eshkol0

This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in Numbers 13:23.

217432:9jta2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitThey saw the land0

This refers to seeing what was in the land. Alternate translation: “They saw the strong people and cities in the land”

217532:9z21frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochediscouraged the hearts of the people of Israel0

Here the word “hearts” represents the people themselves and refers to the seat of their emotions. See how you translated this in Numbers 32:7. Alternate translation: “discouraged the people of Israel”

217632:10hpu7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorוַ⁠יִּֽחַר־ אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה1

Yahweh becoming angry is spoken of as if his nose begins to burn. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry”

217732:11wb16none of the men0

This phrase refers to both men and women. Alternate translation: “none of the people”

217832:11m7bwrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberstwenty years old and up0

Alternate translation: “20 years old or older”

217932:11a6wnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorcompletely followed me0

Being devoted to Yahweh and obeying him are spoken of as if they were following Yahweh. Alternate translation: “completely obeyed me” or “been completely devoted to me”

218032:12m62irc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJephunneh … Nun0

These are names of men.

218132:12dt3yrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesKenizzite0

This is the name of a people group.

218232:13n7kkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorוַ⁠יִּֽחַר־ אַ֤ף יְהוָה֙ בְּ⁠יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל1

Yahweh becoming angry is spoken of as if his nose begins to burn. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry with Israel”

218332:13qr9trc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersforty years0

Alternate translation: “40 years”

218432:13mca3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveall the generation … sight was destroyed0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he destroyed all the generation … sight” or “all the generation … sight had died”

218532:13z1berc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwho had done evil in his sight0

Being in someones sight means to be in front of that person where he can see. Alternate translation: “who had done evil before Yahweh” or “who had done evil in Yahwehs presence”

218632:14j6ikrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoryou have risen up in your fathers place0

The people of Reuben and Gad acting like their ancestors did is spoken of as if they were standing in the place where their ancestors did. Alternate translation: “you have begun to act just like your ancestors”

218732:14t3rdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorto add to Yahwehs burning anger toward Israel0

The people causing Yahweh to become angrier is spoken of as if his anger was a fire and the people are adding more fuel to that fire. Alternate translation: “to cause Yahweh to be even more angry with Israel”

218832:15n14tall this people0

Alternate translation: “this entire people” or “all this generation of people”

218932:17ni8kwill be ready and armed0

Alternate translation: “will be ready with weapons” or “will be ready to fight a war”

219032:17c639in the fortified cities0

Alternate translation: “in the secured cities”

219132:18lu480

General Information:

The leaders of Gad and Reuben continue speaking.

219232:18k2zlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorhas obtained his inheritance0

The land that the people were to receive as a permanent possession is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they were to obtain. Alternate translation: “has taken possession of his portion of the land”

219332:20s681if you arm yourselves0

Alternate translation: “if you take your weapons”

219432:20sb1zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiombefore Yahweh0

This means Yahweh will go with them to battle and enable them to defeat their enemy and take their land. Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh”

219532:21w22arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoruntil he has driven out his enemies from before him0

The pronouns here all refer to Yahweh. Yahweh enabling the Israelites to defeat their enemies is spoken of as if Yahweh were fighting their battles. Alternate translation: “until Yahweh has enabled your soldiers to defeat the enemy and force them away from his presence”

219632:22he19rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyוְ⁠נִכְבְּשָׁ֨ה הָ⁠אָ֜רֶץ לִ⁠פְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙1

Here, land refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: “and the people of the land are subdued before the face of Yahweh”

219732:22chicrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveוְ⁠נִכְבְּשָׁ֨ה הָ⁠אָ֜רֶץ לִ⁠פְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙1

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and the Israelites have subdued the people who live in the land before Yahweh”

219832:22i7x4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicityou may return0

It is implied that they will return to the east side of the Jordan. Alternate translation: “you may return to this land on the east side of the Jordan”

219932:22rj5vYou will be guiltless toward Yahweh and toward Israel0

This could mean: (1) “You will have fulfilled your obligation to Yahweh and to Israel” or (2) “There will be nothing for which Yahweh or the people of Israel can blame you.”

220032:23g2nzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationBe sure that your sin will find you out0

Moses speaks of sin as if it were a person who will condemn the guilty person. This means that the people cannot escape the punishment that their sin deserves. Alternate translation: “Know for sure that Yahweh will punish you for your sin”

220132:25ygw2Your servants0

The people of Gad and Reuben refer to themselves as “your servants.” This is a polite way of speaking to someone with greater authority.

220232:27j571rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitwill cross over0

You can make it clear that they will cross over the Jordan. Alternate translation: “will cross over the Jordan River”

220332:27w8i3every man who is armed for war0

Alternate translation: “every man prepared for war”

220432:29ml25every man who is armed0

Alternate translation: “every man who is ready with his weapon”

220532:29x7ulrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveif the land is subdued before you0

Here the word “land” refers to the people who live there. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if Yahweh subdues before you the people living in the land” or “if they help you subdue the people living in the land”

220632:30c7xhthen they will acquire their possessions among you in the land of Canaan0

Alternate translation: “then the descendants of Gad and Reuben will receive land with you in Canaan”

220732:32v4jprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitWe will cross over armed0

You can make it clear that they will cross the Jordan. Alternate translation: “We will cross over the Jordan ready to fight”

220832:32zxx7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorour possessed inheritance0

The land that the people were to receive as a permanent possession is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they were to obtain. Alternate translation: “the portion of land that we will possess”

220932:32p5virc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwill remain with us0

This idiom refers to ownership. Alternate translation: “will be ours”

221032:33d9qrrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesסִיחֹן֙ & ע֖וֹג1

Sihon and Og are names of kings who ruled two separate kingdoms.

221132:34x51urc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesDibon, Ataroth, Aroer0

These are names of cities.

221232:35h5rsrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAtroth Shophan, Jazer, Jogbehah0

These are names of cities.

221332:36q92brc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesBeth Nimrah, and Beth Haran0

These are names of cities.

221432:37ln11rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHeshbon, Elealeh, Kiriathaim0

These are names of cities.

221532:38du4lrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesNebo, Baal Meon … Sibmah0

These are names of cities.

221632:38a8pprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivetheir names were later changed0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people later changed the names of these cities”

221732:39we8fMachir0

This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in Numbers 26:29.

221832:41h5lirc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJair0

This is the name of a man.

221932:41mn6crc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHavvoth Jair0

This is the name of a city.

222032:42rm3mrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesNobah0

This is the name of a man.

222132:42r3cxrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesKenath0

This is the name of a city.

222233:intros7u70

Numbers 33 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter is a summary of Israels exodus from Egypt to the Promised Land, including their wandering through the desert. The phrase “they set out” means “they left.”

222333:1va6tby their armed groups0

This means that each tribe had their own men, who were armed, to protect them. See how you translated “armed groups” in Numbers 1:3. Alternate translation: “by their military divisions”

222433:2gx4irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveas commanded by Yahweh0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”

222533:2y7p2departure after departure0

Alternate translation: “from one place to another place”

222633:3ak5src://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.

222733:3na6vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalבַּ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הָֽ⁠רִאשׁ֔וֹן בַּ⁠חֲמִשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר י֖וֹם לַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הָ⁠רִאשׁ֑וֹן1

Here, first is the ordinal number one.

222833:3gdmdrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonthsבַּ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הָֽ⁠רִאשׁ֔וֹן בַּ⁠חֲמִשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר י֖וֹם לַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הָ⁠רִאשׁ֑וֹן1

This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The fifteenth day is near the beginning of April on Western calendars.

222933:3gaw7the people of Israel left openly, in the sight of all the Egyptians0

Alternate translation: “the Israelites left in plain view of the Egyptians”

223033:4gt7nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicittheir firstborn0

This refers to the firstborn sons. Alternate translation: “their firstborn sons”

223133:4nq9prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorhe also inflicted punishment on their gods0

Yahweh proving that he is more powerful than all of the false gods that the Egyptians worshiped is spoken of as if Yahweh punished those false gods. Alternate translation: “he also proved that he is greater than their gods”

223233:5wdj9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.

223333:5tm1pset out from0

Alternate translation: “departed from”

223433:6y8buon the edge of the wilderness0

Alternate translation: “on the border of the wilderness”

223533:8bu1src://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.

223633:8j48dpassed through the middle of the sea0

This refers to when Yahweh divided the Red Sea so that the Israelites could escape from the Egyptian army.

223733:9ii9yrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberstwelve springs … seventy palm trees0

Alternate translation: “12 springs … 70 palm trees”

223833:11x491rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.

223933:14f1vprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivewhere no water was found for the people to drink0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “where the people could not find water to drink”

224033:15u8krrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.

224133:19mm4xrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.

224233:23q827rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.

224333:27ii4prc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.

224433:31gpz3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.

224533:35uzs2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.

224633:38sp6vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalin the fortieth year after0

Here “fortieth” is the ordinal number for forty. Alternate translation: “40 years after”

224733:38lpa5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalבַּ⁠חֹ֥דֶשׁ הַ⁠חֲמִישִׁ֖י בְּ⁠אֶחָ֥ד לַ⁠חֹֽדֶשׁ1

Here, fifth is the ordinal number for five.

224833:38o1rorc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonthsבַּ⁠חֹ֥דֶשׁ הַ⁠חֲמִישִׁ֖י בְּ⁠אֶחָ֥ד לַ⁠חֹֽדֶשׁ1

This is the fifth month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of July on Western calendars.

224933:39sx7zrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers123 years old0

Alternate translation: “one hundred and twenty-three years old”

225033:40b5x6The Canaanite, the king of Arad0

Alternate translation: “The Canaanite king of Arad”

225133:40fa11rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesArad0

This was the name of a Canaanite city.

225233:40tp5hheard of the coming of the people of Israel0

Alternate translation: “heard that the people of Israel were coming”

225333:41ug4wrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.

225433:44b2kjrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.

225533:47ilj5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.

225633:48hc7zplains0

a large area of flat land

225733:52ua9ddemolish all their high places0

Alternate translation: “destroy all of their high places”

225833:54q2gzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorinherit the land0

The Israelites claiming the land as their permanent possession is spoken of as if they were inheriting the land.

225933:54m66jWherever the lot falls to each clan, that land will belong to it0

Alternate translation: “Each clan will receive the land according to how the lot falls”

226033:55l4n8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-similelike objects in your eyes and thorns in your sides0

Just like a small object in a persons eye or a small thorn that sticks into a person skin can cause great irritation, so even a small portion of the Canaanites, if left in the land, would cause great trouble for the Israelites.

226134:introz1660

Numbers 34 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The ULT sets the lines in 34:1928 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are long lists.

Special concepts in this chapter

The boundaries

Moses told them all of the land they would inherit and live in and said that they should divide it up by casting lots. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]])

226234:3c7axwilderness of Zin0

See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 33:12.

226334:7ucc8Mount Hor0

See how you translated this name in Numbers 20:22.

226434:13v8m7to the nine tribes and to the half tribe0

This means the remaining tribes of Israel who will live on the west side of the Jordan River in the land of Canaan. The tribes of Reuben and Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh had already received their land on the east side of the Jordan River.

226534:14t2jxfollowing the assignment of property to their ancestors tribe0

Alternate translation: “according to how Yahweh assigned the property to their ancestors tribe”

226634:15e78vThe two tribes and the half tribe0

Alternate translation: “The tribes of Reuben and Gad, and half of the tribe of Manasseh”

226734:17dt2urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youdivide the land for your inheritance0

Here “your” is plural and refers to the people of Israel. These men will cast lots to divide the land. Then they will distribute it to the tribes.

226834:19d75wrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

This is the list of men who will help divide the land among the tribes.

226934:27hsm6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names0

General Information:

This concludes the list of men who will help divide the land among the tribes.

227035:introrg3i0

Numbers 35 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter continues the material from the previous chapter.

Special concepts in this chapter

Revenge

Yahweh told Moses to establish safe places for people who accidentally killed other people. This prevented revenge killings. Justice is an important concept in this chapter. (See: [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]] and [[rc:///tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])

227135:1z6scplains0

a large area of flat land

227235:2ww25give some of their own shares of land to the Levites0

Yahweh did not give the Levites their own land, so they had to live in cities that belonged to other tribes.

227335:2hlb8pastureland0

an area of land where animals feed on grass

227435:4fb2erc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersאֶ֥לֶף אַמָּ֖ה1

You can state this number in words. Alternate translation: “one thousand cubits”

227535:4fzltrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistanceאֶ֥לֶף אַמָּ֖ה1

If it is necessary to use modern distance units, here is a way of doing it. Alternate translation: “457 meters”

227635:5cr3zrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersאַלְפַּ֪יִם בָּֽ⁠אַמָּ֟ה & אַלְפַּ֨יִם בָּ⁠אַמָּ֜ה & אַלְפַּ֣יִם בָּֽ⁠אַמָּ֗ה1

You can state these numbers in words. Alternate translation: “two thousand cubits … two thousand cubits … two thousand cubits”

227735:5zzrsrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistanceאַלְפַּ֪יִם בָּֽ⁠אַמָּ֟ה & אַלְפַּ֨יִם בָּ⁠אַמָּ֜ה & אַלְפַּ֣יִם בָּֽ⁠אַמָּ֗ה1

You can state this in modern measurements. A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “920 meters … 920 meters … 920 meters”

227835:6g8wza person who has killed someone0

This refers to people who have killed someone, but it had not yet been determined whether they killed the person intentionally or accidentally.

227935:6q5lcrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersforty-two0

Alternate translation: “42”

228035:7jnp2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersforty-eight0

Alternate translation: “48”

228135:11fy84unintentionally0

accidentally or without wanting to or trying to

228235:12vp5mthe avenger0

This refers to a close relative that seeks vengeance by killing the accused man.

228335:12le4krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveso that the accused man will not be killed without first standing trial before the community0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “so that no one will kill the accused man before the community is able to judge him in court”

228435:16z14erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveמ֥וֹת יוּמַ֖ת הָ⁠רֹצֵֽחַ1

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must certainly execute the one who murders another person”

228535:19wx13rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyThe avenger of blood0

Here the word “blood” is a metonym for the murder. Alternate translation: “The one who avenges the murder” or “The relative seeking vengeance”

228635:22umg8without premeditated hate0

Alternate translation: “without planning it out of hate ahead of time”

228735:22p8t8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwithout lying in wait0

Someone intentionally seeking a way to harm another person is spoken of as if someone were hiding in order to ambush that other person. Alternate translation: “without intentionally having tried to harm the victim”

228835:24gs31rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe avenger of blood0

Here the word “blood” is a metonym for the murder. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 35:19. Alternate translation: “the one who avenges the murder” or “the relative seeking vengeance”

228935:25nz1wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitThe community must rescue the accused0

This means if the community judges that the death was accidental then they must save the accused man from the relative who wants to kill him. If the community judges that the death was not accidental, then the relative must execute the accused man.

229035:25f819rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe one who was anointed with the holy oil0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the one you anointed with holy oil”

229135:27db74rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe avenger of blood0

Here the word “blood” is a metonym for the murder. See how you translated these words in Numbers 35:19. Alternate translation: “the one who avenges the murder” or “the relative seeking vengeance”

229235:29b5jpthrough all your peoples generations0

Alternate translation: “and all of your descendants who will live after you”

229335:30l81wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe murderer must be killed0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone must execute the murderer”

229435:30e5vqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveas testified to by the words of witnesses0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “according to the testimony of witnesses” or “as witnesses testify to the murder”

229535:30y1ikrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveBut one witness word alone may not cause any person to be put to death0

The testimony of one witness is not enough to execute a person for murder. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But the word of only one witness is not enough for you to execute a person”

229635:31th5frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveמ֖וֹת יוּמָֽת1

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must execute him”

229735:32pv6jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitYou must not … allow him to reside on his own property0

This implied that the man would have left the city of refuge and returned home. Alternate translation: “You must not … allow him to leave the city of refuge and return home to live on his own property”

229835:32a9qain this way0

Alternate translation: “by accepting a ransom”

229935:33gzd5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorDo not pollute in this way the land where you live, because blood from murder pollutes the land0

Making the land unacceptable to Yahweh is spoken of as if it were physically polluting the land. Alternate translation: “Do not make the land where you live unacceptable to me in this way, because blood from murder makes the land unacceptable to me”

230035:33df8zin this way0

This means by disobeying the laws concerning a person who kills someone.

230135:33pl2frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveNo atonement can be made for the land when blood has been shed on it, except by the blood of the one who shed it0

This refers to when a person intentionally kills another person. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “When someone has shed blood in the land, only the execution of the murderer can make atonement for the land”

230236:introej9v0

Numbers 36 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Female heirs

Women who inherited land from their father must marry men from their tribe so the inheritance does not leave the tribe. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]])

230336:1if4mrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesMachir0

This is the name of a man. See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 26:29.

230436:2gt4rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveYou were commanded by Yahweh0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh commanded you”

230536:2wj3zrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesZelophehad0

This is the name of a man. See how you translated this mans name in Numbers 26:33.

230636:3lt8urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivewill be removed from our ancestors share0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “will no longer belong to our ancestors share”

230736:3x8b6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveIt will be added0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “It will belong to”

230836:3p8s2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveit will be removed from the assigned share of our inheritance0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “it will no longer be a part of our inheritance”

230936:4rfa6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe year of Jubilee of the people0

This refers to a celebration which happens once every fifty years. In this celebration, all land that someone sold or traded must return to the original owner.

231036:4mw2irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivetheir share will be joined0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “their share will belong”

231136:4zr9rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivetheir share will be taken away from the share of our ancestors tribe0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they will take our tribes share of the land”

231236:5z3fiat Yahwehs word0

Alternate translation: “according to what Yahweh said”

231336:6f822rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveLet them be married to whom they think best0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Let them marry whom they want”

231436:6lcf4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethey must marry only within the family of their fathers tribe0

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “but they may only marry someone from their fathers tribe”

231536:7ysn3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyNo share0

The word “share” represents the portion of land that each tribe received as an inheritance. Alternate translation: “No portion of the land”

231636:8aed4who owns a share in her tribe0

Alternate translation: “who owns a share of land in her tribe”

231736:8q4e7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphormay own an inheritance0

The land that each clan possesses is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received.

231836:9enm8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorNo share may change hands from one tribe to another0

Transferring ownership from one tribe to another is spoken of as if the property passed from one persons hands to another persons hands. Alternate translation: “No one may transfer the ownership of any share of land from one tribe to another”

231936:11y95hrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesMahlah, Tirzah, Hoglah, Milkah, and Noah0

See how you translated these womens names in Numbers 26:33.

232036:12i8zdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphortheir inheritances0

The land that each of Zelophehads daughters possessed is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received. Alternate translation: “the lands that they received as an inheritance”

232136:13z8keplains0

a large area of flat land

23221:26jsxtrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismלְ⁠מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠בֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑⁠ם1
23231:26bdn9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorבְּ⁠מִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת

See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.

23242:16etwkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitמְאַ֨ת אֶ֜לֶף וְ⁠אֶחָ֨ד וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף וְ⁠אַרְבַּע־ מֵא֥וֹת וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים

This refers to the men. Alternate translation: “ are 151,450 men”