75 lines
2.9 KiB
ReStructuredText
75 lines
2.9 KiB
ReStructuredText
:github_url: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/pronoun_personal.rst
|
|
|
|
.. _pronoun_personal:
|
|
|
|
Pronoun Personal
|
|
================
|
|
|
|
Summary
|
|
-------
|
|
|
|
In Biblical Aramaic, a personal pronoun is a word that indirectly refers to a particular person(s) or thing(s). In English, the
|
|
following words are personal pronouns: "I", "we", "you", "he", "she", "they", "them".
|
|
|
|
Article
|
|
-------
|
|
|
|
In Biblical Aramaic, personal pronouns change form according to gender (:ref:`masculine<gender_masculine>`, number
|
|
(:ref:`feminine<gender_feminine>`, and person (:ref:`first<person_first>`, :ref:`second<person_second>`, or
|
|
:ref:`third<person_third>`. Grammatically they are very similar to :ref:`pronominal suffixes<suffix_pronominal>`, but they
|
|
stand alone rather than attaching to other kinds of words; also, they are more limited in their function.
|
|
|
|
Form
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
Paradigm
|
|
~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
.. csv-table:: Personal Pronoun Paradigm
|
|
:header-rows: 1
|
|
|
|
Parsing,Aramaic,Transliteration,Gloss
|
|
common singular first person,אֲנָה,'enah,"I"
|
|
masculine singular second person,אַנְתְּ (or אַנְתָּה),'ante (or 'antah),"you"
|
|
feminine singular second person,אַנְתִּי,'antiy,"you"
|
|
masculine singular third person,הוּא,hu',"he" or "it"
|
|
feminine singular third person,הִיא,hiy,"she" or "it"
|
|
common plural first person,אֲנַחְנָה,'enachnah,"we"
|
|
masculine plural second person,אַנתּוּן (or אַנְתֹּם),'antun (or 'antom),"you"
|
|
feminine plural second person,אַנְתֵּן,'anten,"you"
|
|
masculine plural third person,הִמּוֹ (also הִמּוֹן or אִנּוּן),himmo (also himmon or 'innun),"they"
|
|
feminine plural third person,אִנִּין,'inniyn,"they"
|
|
|
|
Function
|
|
--------
|
|
|
|
As a general :ref:`noun<noun>`
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As subject of a finite verb
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
Sometimes an independent personal pronoun appears as the subject of a finite verb even though the pronominal subject is
|
|
already indicated by the verb form iteself. In these cases, the personal pronoun functions to emphasize the personal role of
|
|
the subject in performing the verbal action. When used in this way, the personal pronoun is often translated reflexively in
|
|
English: "myself", "yourself", etc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As subject of a :ref:`verbal participle<participle_active>`
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In apposition with a :ref:`noun<noun>` or :ref:`pronominal suffix<suffix_pronominal>`
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
Sometimes a personal pronoun simply repeats a noun or pronominal suffix that has appeared earlier in the sentence. The specific
|
|
function of the repeated pronoun must be discerned from the context in these cases, but often the repetition expresses some
|
|
kind of emphasis on the identified person(s) or thing(s) within the sentence.
|
|
|