86 lines
2.4 KiB
ReStructuredText
86 lines
2.4 KiB
ReStructuredText
:github_url: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/pronoun_demonstrative.rst
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.. _pronoun_demonstrative:
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Pronoun Demonstrative
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=====================
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Summary
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-------
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A demonstrative pronoun refers to a specific person(s) or thing(s) in particular. In English, the following words are
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demonstrative pronouns: "this", "that", "these", "those".
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Article
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-------
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In Biblical Aramaic, demonstrative :ref:`pronouns<pronoun>` can function either as :ref:`nouns<noun>` or
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:ref:`adjectives<adjective>`. Demonstrative pronouns can change form according to gender (:ref:`masculine<gender_masculine>`
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or :ref:`feminine<gender_feminine>`) and number (:ref:`singular<number_singular>` or :ref:`plural<number_plural>`) but NOT
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according to person (i.e. :ref:`first<person_first>`, :ref:`second<person_second>`, or :ref:`third<person_third>` person).
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Form
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----
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Paradigm
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~~~~~~~~
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.. csv-table:: Demonstrative Pronoun Paradigm
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:header-rows: 1
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Parsing,Aramaic,Transliteration,Gloss
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masculine singular near,דֶּנָה,denah,"this"
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feminine singular near,דָּה,da',"this"
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masculine singular far,דֵּךְ,dekh,"that"
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feminine singular far,דָּךְ,dakh,"that"
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both singular far,דִּכֵּן,dikken,"that"
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common plural far,אִלֵּין (also אֵל and אֵלֶּה),'illeyn (also 'el and 'elleh),"those"
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feminine plural far,אִלֵּךְ,'illekh,"those"
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Function
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--------
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As a :ref:`noun<noun>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Reciprocal
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^^^^^^^^^^
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Demonstrative pronouns can be used to distinguish individuals within a
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group interacting with each other.
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Apposition to a noun
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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As an :ref:`adjective<adjective>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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as an :ref:`attributive<adjective-attributive>` adjective
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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When used as an attributive adjective, a demonstrative pronoun often follows the noun, and both terms can take the
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:ref:`definite article<particle_definite_article>`. Sometimes neither the noun nor the demonstrative pronoun takes
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the definite article. In either case, the demonstrative pronoun makes the described noun :ref:`definite<definiteness>`.
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as a :ref:`Predicative<adjective-predicative>` adjective
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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.. _pronoun_demonstrative-relative:
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As a :ref:`relative particle<particle_relative>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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