101 lines
3.5 KiB
ReStructuredText
101 lines
3.5 KiB
ReStructuredText
:github_url: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/person_first.rst
|
|
|
|
.. _person_first:
|
|
|
|
Person First
|
|
============
|
|
|
|
Summary
|
|
-------
|
|
|
|
The first person form of a term refers to the person(s) writing or speaking.
|
|
|
|
Article
|
|
-------
|
|
|
|
In English, the first person pronouns include: "I", "me", or "my", for singular; and "we", "us",
|
|
or "our," for plural. In Biblical Aramaic, terms which are marked for first person do not change form according to gender
|
|
(:ref:`masculine<gender_masculine>` and :ref:`feminine<gender_feminine>`), but they do change form according to number
|
|
(:ref:`singular<number_singular>` or :ref:`plural<number_plural>`). In Biblical Aramaic,
|
|
:ref:`verbs<verb>`, :ref:`pronouns<pronoun_personal>`, and :ref:`pronominal suffixes<suffix_pronominal>`
|
|
can all be marked for first person.
|
|
|
|
Form
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
In Biblical Aramaic, a term marked for first person can be recognized by a variety of
|
|
changes to the form. These changes differ greatly from each other, so it is difficult to sum them up
|
|
in a simple, helpful way. The paradigm below shows a sample of the kinds of changes that signal a first person form.
|
|
|
|
Paradigm
|
|
~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
.. csv-table:: First Person Pe'al Stem Forms
|
|
|
|
Parsing,Aramaic,Transliteration,Gloss
|
|
first person common singular perfect,כִּתְבֵת,qatalti,I killed
|
|
first person common plural perfect,כְּתַבְנַא,qatalnu,we killed
|
|
first person common singular imperfect,אֶכְתֻּב,'eqtol,I will kill
|
|
first person common plural imperfect,נִכְתֻּב,niqtol,we will kill
|
|
|
|
.. csv-table:: First Person Independent Personal Pronoun Forms
|
|
|
|
Parsing,Aramaic,Transliteration,Gloss
|
|
first person common singular,אֲנָה,'enah,"I"
|
|
first person common plural,אֲנַחְנָה,'enachnah,"we"
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. csv-table:: First Person Pronominal Suffix Forms
|
|
|
|
Parsing,Aramaic,Transliteration,Gloss
|
|
first person common singular,־ִי,-iy,"my" or "me"
|
|
first person common plural,־נָא,-na',"our" or "us"
|
|
|
|
Neither English nor Biblical Aramaic distinguish between the inclusive and
|
|
the exclusive "we". The context will determine which one is
|
|
meant. See also `translationAcademy <http://ufw.io/academy/>`_ and
|
|
`translationNotes <http://ufw.io/academy/>`_ for help
|
|
if the context is not clear.
|
|
|
|
Examples
|
|
--------
|
|
|
|
:ref:`Finite verb<verb-finite>` marked for first person
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
A :ref:`finite verb<verb-finite>` (and/or :ref:`verbal participle<participle_active-verbal>`) in first person form
|
|
indicates that the subject of the verb is the writer/speaker of the verb.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:ref:`Personal pronoun<pronoun_personal>` marked for first person
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
A first person indpendent personal pronoun refers either to the writer/speaker (for singular) or to an entire group to which
|
|
the writer/speaker belongs (for plural).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:ref:`Pronominal suffix<suffix_pronominal>` marked for first person
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
A first person pronominal suffix usually functions either as a personal pronoun (for verbs and prepositions) or as a possessive
|
|
adjective (for nouns).
|
|
|
|
As :ref:`attached to a verb<suffix_pronominal-verbs>`
|
|
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As :ref:`attached to a noun<suffix_pronominal-nouns>`
|
|
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As :ref:`attached to a preposition<suffix_pronominal-prepositions>`
|
|
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
|
|
|