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:github_url: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/stem_polel.rst
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.. _stem_polel:
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Stem Polel
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==========
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Summary
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-------
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The Polel is a rare stem formation that is similar to the Piel and
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expresses the same range of meanings.
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Article
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-------
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The Polel :ref:`stem<stem>` is a variation of the :ref:`Piel<stem_piel>`
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and has potential to express the same range of verbal action. The Polel
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stem is formed from the Piel stem by dropping the 2nd radical and
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repeating the 3rd radical (with a vowel change). It is a :ref:`rare stem formation<stem-uncommon>`
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in Biblical Hebrew.
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.. include:: includes/consult_dictionary.txt
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.. warning:: The Polel stem appears exactly the same as the :ref:`Polal<stem_polal>` stem in all
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conjugations; only the 3rd-person masculine singular forms are
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different.
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Form
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----
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.. csv-table:: Polel Perfect Paradigm
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:header-rows: 1
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Parsing,Hebrew,Transliteration,Gloss
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masculine singular third person,כּוֹנֵן,konen,he established
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feminine singular third person,כּוֹנֲנָה,konanah,she established
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masculine singular second person,כּוֹנַנְתָּ,konanta,you established
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feminine singular second person,כּוֹנַנְתְּ,konant,you established
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common singular first person,כּוֹנַנְתִּי,konanti,I established
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common plural third person,כּוֹנֲנוּ,konanu,they established
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masculine plural second person,כּוֹנַנְתֶּם,konantem,you established
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feminine plural second person,כּוֹנַנְתֶּן,konanten,you established
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common plural first person,כּוֹנַנּוּ,konannu,we established
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.. csv-table:: Polel Imperfect Paradigm
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:header-rows: 1
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Parsing,Hebrew,Transliteration,Gloss
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masculine singular third person,יְכוֹנֵן,yekhonen,he will establish
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feminine singular third person,תְּכוֹנֵן,tekhonen,she will establish
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masculine singular second person,תְּכוֹנֵן,tekhonen,you will establish
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feminine singular second person,תְּכוֹנֲנִי,tekhonani,you will establish
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common singular first person,אֲכוֹנֵן,'akhonen,I will establish
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masculine plural third person,יְכוֹנֲנוּ,yekhonanu,they will establish
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feminine plural third person,תְּכוֹנֵנָּה,tekhonennah,they will establish
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masculine plural second person,תְּכוֹנֲנוּ,tekhonanu,you will establish
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feminine plural second person,תְּכוֹנֵנָּה,tekhonennah,you will establish
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common plural first person,נְכוֹנֵן,nekhonen,we will establish
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.. csv-table:: Polel Sequential Imperfect Paradigm
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:header-rows: 1
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Parsing,Hebrew,Transliteration,Gloss
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masculine singular third person,וַיְּכוֹנֵן,wayyekhonen,(and) he established
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feminine singular third person,וַתְּכוֹנֵן,wattekhonen,(and) she established
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masculine singular second person,וַתְּכוֹנֵן,wattekhonen,(and) you established
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feminine singular second person,וַתְּכוֹנֲנִי,wattekhonani,(and) you established
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common singular first person,וָאֲכוֹנֵן,wa'akhonen,(and) I established
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masculine plural third person,וַיְּכוֹנֲנוּ,wayyekhonanu,(and) they established
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feminine plural third person,וַתְּכוֹנֵנָּה,wattekhonennah,(and) they established
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masculine plural second person,וַתְּכוֹנֲנוּ,wattekhonanu,(and) you established
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feminine plural second person,וַתְּכוֹנֵנָּה,wattkhonennah,(and) you established
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common plural first person,וַנְּכוֹנֵן,wannekhonen,(and) we established
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.. csv-table:: Polel Imperative Paradigm
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:header-rows: 1
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Parsing,Hebrew,Transliteration,Gloss
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masculine singular,כּוֹנֵן,konen,you must establish
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feminine singular,כּוֹנֲנִי,konani,you must establish
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masculine plural,כּוֹנֲנוּ,konanu,you must establish
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feminine plural,כּוֹנֵנָּה,konennah,you must establish
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.. csv-table:: Polel Participle Paradigm
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:header-rows: 1
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Parsing,Hebrew,Transliteration,Gloss
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masculine singular absolute,מְכוֹנֵן,mekhonen,establishing / founder
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feminine singular absolute,מְכוֹנְנֶת / מְכוֹנְנָה,mekhoneneth / mekhonenah,establishing / founder
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masculine plural absolute,מְכוֹנְנִים,mekhonenim,establishing / founders
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feminine plural absolute,מְכוֹנְנוֹת,mekhonenoth,establishing / founders
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Examples
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--------
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.. csv-table:: Example: PRO 14:34
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צְדָקָ֥ה **תְרֹֽומֵֽם**\ ־גֹּ֑וי
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tsedaqah **therowmem**-gowy
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Righteousness **exalts**\ \_nation
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Doing what is right **exalts** a nation
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.. csv-table:: Example: JOB 35:14
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וּתְחֹ֥ולֵֽל לֹֽו׃
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**uthehowlel** low
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**and-you-will-wait** for-him.
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**and you are waiting** for him.
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