Now it happened after the death of Moses the servant of Yahweh, that Yahweh spoke to Joshua, the son of Nun, the assistant of Moses, saying,
After Moses the servant of Yahweh died, Yahweh spoke to Joshua son of Nun. He had been Moses’ helper. Yahweh said,
“Moses, my servant, is dead. And now, arise, cross over this Jordan, you and all of this people, to the land that I {am} giving to them, to the sons of Israel.
“{You know that} my servant Moses has died. So now get ready to cross over the Jordan River, you and all these people. Enter the land that I will soon give to all of you Israelites.
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Every place that the sole of your foot will tread upon, I have given it to you, just as I spoke to Moses.
I will certainly give you every place where you walk in that land, just as I promised Moses.
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From the wilderness and this Lebanon and unto the Great River, the Euphrates River, all of the land of the Hittites, and unto the Great Sea, from the going of the sun, will be your territory.
That land will extend from the wilderness {in the south} to the Lebanon mountains {in the northwest}, to the Euphrates River {in the northeast}, and to the Great Sea {in the west} where the sun goes down. It will include all the land where the Hittites live.
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No man will {be able to} stand to your face all of the days of your life. I will be with you just as I was with Moses. I will not abandon you and I will not leave you.
No people group will be able to defeat you as long as you live. I will help you as I helped Moses. I promise that I will not abandon you and I will never leave you.
Be strong and be courageous, for you yourself will cause this people to inherit the land that I swore to their fathers to give to them.
Be strong and brave, because you are the one who will lead these people so that they can possess this land that I promised to give to their ancestors.
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Only be strong and be very courageous, to be careful to do according to all of the law that Moses, my servant, commanded you. Do not turn aside from it {to} the right or {to} the left, so that you may succeed in every {place} where you go.
Just be strong and very brave so that you can be sure to obey all the laws that my servant Moses gave to you. {Obey those laws} so that you may be successful wherever you go. Do not stop obeying any of them.
This Book of the Law shall not depart from your mouth but you shall meditate on it day and night, so that you will be careful to do according to everything written in it. For then you will make your ways prosperous and then you will succeed.
Make sure to read continually the laws that God gave Moses. Constantly think about those laws so that you will carefully obey each one. If you do that, then you will be successful in the things you do.
Have I not commanded you? Be strong and be courageous! Do not be terrified and do not be dismayed, for Yahweh your God {is} with you in every {place} where you go.”
Do not forget that I have commanded you to be strong and brave. Do not be afraid and do not be discouraged, because I, Yahweh your God, will be with you wherever you go.”
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Then Joshua commanded the officers of the people, saying,
So Joshua commanded the leaders of the people of Israel,
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“Pass through the midst of the camp and command the people, saying, ‘Prepare provisions for yourselves, because within three days you are crossing over this Jordan to enter to possess the land that Yahweh your God is giving to you to possess it.’”
“Go throughout the camp and give these orders to the people: ‘Prepare all the food that you will take with you, because the day after tomorrow we will cross the Jordan River. We are going across in order to conquer the land that Yahweh, our God, has promised to give us.’”
And to the Reubenite and to the Gadite and to the half of the tribe of Manasseh, Joshua spoke, saying,
Then Joshua spoke to the people of the tribes that were the descendants of Reuben and Gad. He also spoke to the people of half of the tribe of Manasseh. {All those people were going to settle on the east side of the Jordan River.} Joshua said,
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“Remember the word that Moses the servant of Yahweh commanded you, saying, ‘Yahweh your God {is} giving rest to you, and he will give to you this land.’
“Keep in mind the orders that Moses the servant of Yahweh gave you. Moses said, ‘Yahweh your God will give you this land so that you can live here peacefully.’
Your wives, your little ones, and your livestock may remain in the land that Moses gave to you on the other side of the Jordan. But you yourselves, being armed, shall cross over to the face of your brothers, all of the warriors of valor, and you shall help them
Your wives, your little children, and your cows, sheep, and goats may stay here in this land that Moses gave you on the east side of the Jordan River. But all the men of fighting age{, twenty years old or older,} must cross the Jordan River. They must go ahead of the people of the other tribes. Your soldiers must take all their weapons so that they can help their fellow Israelites.
until when Yahweh gives rest to your brothers, as {to} you, and they possess, they too, the land that Yahweh your God {is} giving to them. Then you shall return to the land of your possession and you shall possess it, which Moses the servant of Yahweh gave to you on the other side of the Jordan, {toward} the rising of the sun.”
You must help your fellow Israelites to fight against the inhabitants of the land until Yahweh has enabled them to defeat the inhabitants and settle in the land permanently and live peacefully there. That is what Yahweh has done for you in the land he has given you. Yahweh our God will do the same thing for them. After you help them, then your soldiers may return to live in this land that Yahweh’s servant Moses gave to you here on the east side of the Jordan River.”
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And they answered Joshua, saying, “All of what you have commanded us, we will do, and to everywhere you send us, we will go.
The people answered Joshua, “We will do everything you have told us to do, and we will go wherever you tell us to go.
As {with} all of what we listened to Moses, so we will listen to you. Only may Yahweh your God {be} with you, just as he {was} with Moses.
As we obeyed all that Moses told us to do, so we will obey all that you tell us to do. We pray that Yahweh your God will help you just as he helped Moses.
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Every man who disobeys your mouth and will not hear your words according to all of what you command him shall be put to death. Only be strong and be courageous.”
We will execute anyone who refuses to obey what you say and does not do everything that you command. But {we want you, Joshua}, to be strong and brave!”
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And Joshua, the son of Nun, secretly sent from Shittim two men, spies, saying, “Go, see the land and Jericho.” And they went and entered the house of a woman, a prostitute, and her name {was} Rahab, and they stayed there.
Then Joshua son of Nun chose two men from their camp at Shittim. He told them, “Go secretly and find out all that you can about the land, especially about the city of Jericho.” They left the camp and went to Jericho. A prostitute whose name was Rahab lived in that city. They stayed in her house that night.
And it was said to the king of Jericho, saying, “Behold, men have come here tonight from the sons of Israel to search out the land.”
Someone told the king of Jericho, “Be careful! Some Israelite men have come here tonight to spy on our land!”
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Then the king of Jericho sent to Rahab, saying, “Bring out the men, the ones coming to you, who came to your house, because they have come to search out all of the land.”
So the king of Jericho sent messengers to Rahab. They told her, “We know that some men are staying in your house. Surrender them to the king, because they have come here to spy on our land!”
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But the woman had taken the two men and had hidden them. And she said, “Indeed, the men came to me, but I did not know from where they {were}.
But Rahab had already hidden the two men {inside her house}. She told the messengers, “Yes, it is true that those men came to me. But I did not know that they were spies.
And the gate was to shut at darkness, and the men went out. I do not know where the men went. Pursue quickly after them, for you may overtake them.”
Those men left Jericho at dusk, before the guards closed the city gates. I do not know where they were going. But if you hurry, you might catch up with them.”
(Now she had brought them up to the roof and had hidden them in the stalks of flax arranged by her on the roof.)
{But she was lying.} She had actually taken the two men up to the {flat} roof of her house. There she had hidden them under bundles of flax that she had laid out {to dry} on her roof.
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So the men pursued after them {on} the road of the Jordan to the fords. And they shut the gate after when the pursuers had gone out after them.
Soldiers looked for the men all along the road that leads from Jericho to the place where people can walk across the Jordan River. {They thought the men would travel on that road back to the Israelite camp.} As soon as the soldiers left the city, guards shut the city gates {to keep the spies from escaping if they were actually still in the city}.
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Now before they lay down, she went up to them on the roof.
The two men expected to sleep on the roof, hiding under the flax stalks. But Rahab went up to the roof and spoke with them before they went to sleep.
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And she said to the men, “I know that Yahweh has given the land to you and that the dread of you has fallen on us and that all the dwellers of the land have melted from your faces.
She said to them, “We know that Yahweh is going to enable you Israelites to conquer this land. As a result, all the people living in this land are so afraid of you that we will not be able to fight with you.
For we have heard that Yahweh dried up the water of the Sea of Reeds from your faces in your going out from Egypt, and what you did to two of the kings of the Amorite who {were} on the other side of the Jordan, to Sihon and to Og, that you devoted them.
We have heard about how Yahweh dried up the water of the Sea of Reeds so that you could cross it when you left Egypt. We also heard how you killed Sihon and Og, the two kings of the Amorite people group who lived on the eastern side of the Jordan River. We heard how you totally destroyed them.
And we have heard, and our heart has melted, and the spirit in a man no longer stands from your faces. For Yahweh your God, he {is} God in the heavens above and on the earth below.
When we heard about those things, we were very dismayed. Because of the way your God has helped you, we no longer feel courageous enough to fight against you. {We know that} Yahweh, whom you worship, is the true God. He is the God who rules over everything. {And if he is helping you, then we cannot resist you.}
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And now, please swear to me by Yahweh, since I am doing kindness with you, that you yourselves will also do kindness with the house of my father, and give to me a sign of truth,
So now I want you to swear a solemn oath to me by Yahweh that you will act kindly to me and my family because I have acted kindly toward you. I also want you to give me some proof that you will do what you promise,
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that you will keep alive my father and my mother and my brothers and my sisters and all who {are} to them and you will deliver our lives from death.”
Spare the lives of my father and mother, my brothers and sisters, and all of their families. Promise me that you Israelites will not kill us {when you destroy this city}.”
And the men said to her, “Our lives in place of yours to die! If you do not tell this matter of ours, then it will happen, in Yahweh’s giving the land to us, that we will do kindness and faithfulness with you.”
The two men told her, “May Yahweh cause us to die if we let anyone kill you or your family! If you do not tell others what we are planning to do, then we will act kindly toward you and all your family. We will not kill you when Yahweh enables us to conquer this land.”
Then she lowered them down by a rope through the window (for her house {was} in the side of the wall, so she was dwelling in the wall).
{One of} the outside walls of the house where Rahab lived was part of the wall that was around the city of Jericho. She fastened a rope and hung it outside a window that was in that wall. That allowed the men to climb down the wall {and escape from the city, even though the king’s men had closed the gates}.
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And she said to them, “Go to the hill country, lest the pursuers meet you. And hide there three days, until the pursuers have returned. And afterwards you may go your way.”
Then she said to them, “When you leave the city, go up into the hills so that the men who are searching for you will not find you. Hide in caves in the hills for three days, until the men who are searching for you return to the city. Then you will be able to safely return to your camp.”
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And the men said to her, “We {will be} innocent from this oath of yours that you have made us swear:
The two men {gave her a red cord, and} said to her, “This is what you must do. If you do not do this, we will not have to do what you made us promise to do.
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Behold us, coming into the land! You shall tie this cord of thread of scarlet in the window through which you lower us down, and your father and your mother and your brothers and all of the house of your father, you shall gather to you at the house.
When we come into the land, you must tie this red cord in the window through which you let us down. You must gather together your father and mother, your brothers and sisters, and their families inside your house.
And it will be, anyone who goes out from the doors of your house to the outside, his blood {will be} on his head and we {will be} innocent. But anyone who is with you in the house, his blood {will be} on our head if a hand shall be on him.
If anyone in your family leaves the house and goes into the street, {our soldiers} will kill them, and we will not be guilty. But if they injure anyone who is in this house with you, we will be guilty.
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But if you tell this matter of ours, then we will be innocent from your oath that you have made us swear.”
But if you tell anyone what we are planning to do, we will not have to do what you made us promise to do.”
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And she said, “According to your words, so {be} it.” And she sent them away, and they went. And she tied the cord of scarlet in the window.
Rahab said, “I agree to do what you say.” Then she sent them away, and they left her house. And she tied the red cord so it would hang out of the window.
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And they went and came to the hill country, and they stayed there three days, until the pursuers had returned. And the pursuers searched along all of the road, but they did not find them.
When the two men left the city, they went up into the hills. They stayed there for three days while the men who had been sent by the king continued to search for them. They searched all along the road, but they did not find the two men. {So they gave up and returned to Jericho.}
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And the two men returned and descended from the hill country and crossed over and came to Joshua, the son of Nun, and they recounted to him all of the things having found them.
Then the two men started back toward their camp. They came down from the hills, crossed the Jordan River, and returned to the Israelite camp. They told Joshua everything that had happened to them.
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And they said to Joshua, “Truly Yahweh has given all of the land into our hand, for indeed, all of the dwellers of the land are melting from our faces.”
They said to Joshua, “We are certain that Yahweh is going to enable us to conquer that whole land. We know that because all the people there are very afraid of us.”
And Joshua rose early in the morning, and they set out from Shittim. And they came unto the Jordan, he and all of the sons of Israel, and they lodged there before they crossed over.
Joshua {and all the other Israelites} got up early the next morning. They left their camp at Shittim and went down to the Jordan River. They camped there before they crossed over the river.
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And it happened at the end of three days, that the officers passed through the midst of the camp.
They rested for one day, and the morning after that, the leaders of the people went throughout the camp.
And they commanded the people, saying, “As you see the Box of the Covenant of Yahweh your God and the priests, the Levites, carrying it, then you yourselves shall set out from your place and go after it—
They instructed the people, “When you see some of the priests, who are the descendants of Levi, carrying the sacred chest of Yahweh your God, then {you will know} it is time to leave this place and follow the sacred chest.
but a distance shall be between you and between it, about 2, 000 cubits in measurement; do not come near to it—so that you will know the way in which you should go, since you have not passed over by the way from yesterday {or} the third day.”
Since you have not gone this way before, you do not know where you should go. So you {must follow the priests so that you} will know the direction that you should travel, but stay at least 1, 000 yards away from the sacred chest. Do not come closer than that.”
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And Joshua said to the people, “Consecrate yourselves, for tomorrow Yahweh will do wonders in your midst.”
Then Joshua told the Israelites, “Perform the ceremonies that will make yourselves acceptable to Yahweh, because tomorrow he is going to do things for you that will amaze you!”
And Joshua spoke to the priests, saying, “Lift up the Box of the Covenant and cross over to the face of the people.” And they lifted up the Box of the Covenant and went to the face of the people.
Then Joshua said to the priests, “Carry the sacred chest and go in front of the people.” So they lifted up the sacred chest and went in front of the people.
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And Yahweh said to Joshua, “This day I will begin to make you great in the eyes of all of Israel, who will know that just as I was with Moses, I am with you.
Then Yahweh said to Joshua, “This is the day when I will begin to cause all the people of Israel to honor you greatly as their leader. They will understand that I am helping you just as I helped Moses.
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And you, you shall command the priests, the carriers of the Box of the Covenant, saying, ‘As you come unto the edge of the waters of the Jordan, in the Jordan you shall stand.’”
Tell the priests who are carrying the sacred chest, ‘When you come to the edge of the Jordan River, stand still in the water.’”
And Joshua said to the sons of Israel, “Approach here and hear the words of Yahweh your God.”
Then Joshua said to the people of Israel, “Come close to me and listen to what Yahweh, your God, will tell you.”
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And Joshua said, “By this you will know that the living God {is} in your midst and dispossessing, he will dispossess from your face the Canaanite and the Hittite and the Hivite and the Perizzite and the Girgashite and the Amorite and the Jebusite.
{When they came near}, Joshua said, “This is how you will know that God, who lives and can do anything, acts on your behalf. You will certainly see him expel from the land the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Hivites, the Perizzites, the Girgashites, the Amorites, and the Jebusites.
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Behold, the Box of the Covenant of the Lord of all of the earth crossing over to your faces in the Jordan.
Know with certainty that Yahweh is the one who rules over all the earth. The sacred chest belongs to him, and the priests will carry it into the Jordan River ahead of you.
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And now, take for yourselves 12 men from the tribes of Israel, one man, one man to a tribe.
So choose 12 men, one from each of the tribes of Israel.
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And it will happen as soon as the soles of the feet of the priests, the carriers of the Box of Yahweh, the Lord of all of the earth, rest in the waters of the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan will be cut off, the waters coming down from above. And they will stand, one heap.”
When the priests who are carrying the chest of Yahweh, who rules over all the earth, put their feet in the waters of the Jordan River, the water will stop flowing. The water coming from upstream will pile up {because Yahweh will cause them to be blocked}.”
And it happened, when the people set out from their tents to cross over the Jordan, that the priests, the carriers of the Box of the Covenant, were to the face of the people.
So the Israelites packed up their tents so that they could go across the Jordan River. The priests who were carrying the sacred chest went in front of the people.
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And as the carriers of the Box came unto the Jordan then the feet of the priests, the carriers of the Box, were dipped into the edge of the water. (Now the Jordan was full over all of its banks all of the days of the harvest.)
{It was springtime,} when people harvest their crops, and at that time the Jordan River floods over all its banks. But the moment the priests who carried the sacred chest reached the edge of the river and stepped into the water,
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Then the waters coming down from above stood {still}. They rose up, one heap, at a great distance away, at Adam, the city that {is} beside Zarethan, and those going down to the sea of Arabah, the Sea of Salt, were completely cut off. (Now the people crossed over opposite Jericho.)
the water stopped flowing. The water piled up far upstream, at a town named Adam, near the city named Zarethan. The water stopped flowing down to the Sea of Arabah, which people also call the Sea of Salt. {The water} completely stopped flowing, and the people were able to cross the river near Jericho.
So the priests, the carriers of the Box of the Covenant of Yahweh, stood firmly on dry ground in the midst of the Jordan. And all of Israel {was} crossing over on dry ground until when all of the nation had finished crossing over the Jordan.
The priests who were carrying the sacred chest of Yahweh stood on dry ground in the middle of the Jordan {riverbed}. They continued to stand there until all the people of Israel had crossed the river on dry ground.
And it happened, when all of the nation had finished crossing over the Jordan, that Yahweh spoke to Joshua, saying,
After all the people of Israel had finished crossing the Jordan River, Yahweh said to Joshua,
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“Take 12 men for yourselves from the people, one man, one man from a tribe,
“Choose 12 men, one from each tribe {of Israel}.
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and command them, saying: ‘Lift up for yourselves from here, from the midst of the Jordan, from the firm standing place of the feet of the priests, 12 stones. And you shall bring them over with you and you shall leave them in the lodging place in which you will lodge tonight.’”
Tell them to pick up 12 stones from the middle of the dry Jordan {riverbed} where the priests are standing. Tell them to carry those stones and put them down at the place you will stay tonight.”
So Joshua called to the 12 men whom he had appointed from the sons of Israel, one man, one man from a tribe.
{So Joshua chose 12 men,} one from each tribe of Israel. Then Joshua called them together
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And Joshua said to them, “Cross over to the face of the Box of Yahweh your God into the midst of the Jordan. And lift up for yourselves, a man one stone, upon his shoulder, according to the number of the tribes of the sons of Israel,
and said to them, “Go into the middle of the Jordan {riverbed}, in front of {the priests who are standing and holding} the sacred chest of Yahweh your God. Each of you must pick up a {large} stone, one for each tribe. Each of you is to carry a stone on his shoulder. That will be a total of 12 stones for the 12 tribes of the people of Israel.
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so that this will be a sign in your midst. When your sons ask tomorrow, saying, ‘What {are} these stones to you?’
These stones will be a monument for you to see. In the future, your children will ask, ‘What do these stones mean?’
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then you shall say to them, ‘Because the waters of the Jordan were cut off from the face of the Box of the Covenant of Yahweh. In its crossing over in the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan were cut off.’ And these stones will be for a memorial to the sons of Israel forever.”
Tell them that {these stones are here} because Yahweh blocked the water in the Jordan River {so that it stopped flowing} when the priests were carrying the sacred chest of Yahweh. When the chest was carried into the Jordan River, Yahweh blocked the water {so that we were able to cross the Jordan on dry ground}. These stones will cause our descendants to remember forever what Yahweh has done.”
And the sons of Israel did so, just as Joshua commanded. And they lifted up 12 stones from the midst of the Jordan, just as Yahweh had said to Joshua, according to the number of the tribes of the sons of Israel. And they brought them over with them to the lodging place and they left them there.
So those 12 men did exactly what Joshua had told them to do. They went and picked up 12 {large} stones from the middle of the Jordan {riverbed}, one stone for each of the tribes of Israel. That was what Yahweh had told Joshua. Then they carried the stones to their camp. They put the stones down there.
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And Joshua set up 12 stones in the midst of the Jordan, under the standing place of the feet of the priests, the carriers of the Box of the Covenant. And they are there to this day.
Then Joshua {took} 12 {other large} stones and stacked them in a pile in the middle of the Jordan {riverbed} where the priests who carried the sacred chest were standing. And those stones are still there.
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And the priests, the carriers of the Box, stood in the midst of the Jordan until the finishing of all of the thing that Yahweh had commanded Joshua to speak to the people, according to all of what Moses had commanded Joshua. And the people hurried and crossed over.
The priests who carried the chest remained standing in the middle of the Jordan {riverbed} until the Israelites had finished doing everything that Yahweh had commanded Joshua to tell them to do. These were the same instructions that Moses had given to Joshua. The Israelites crossed {the riverbed} quickly.
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And it happened, when all of the people had finished crossing over, that the Box of Yahweh and the priests crossed over to the face of the people.
As soon as all the people had crossed over, then the priests carried the sacred chest of Yahweh across the river. The people watched them do that.
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And the sons of Reuben, and the sons of Gad, and the half of the tribe of Manasseh crossed over armed to the face of the sons of Israel, just as Moses had spoken to them.
The soldiers from the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh, crossed over ahead of the rest of the Israelite people. They brought their weapons with them. That was what Moses had ordered them to do.
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About 40, 000 equipped {ones} of the army crossed over to the face of Yahweh to the plains of Jericho for battle.
As Yahweh was watching, about 40, 000 soldiers crossed the riverbed. These men were ready fight in the Israelite army. They were heading for the plains of Jericho, where they would fight a battle.
On that day Yahweh made Joshua great in the eyes of all of Israel, and they feared him just as they had feared Moses all of the days of his life.
On that day, Yahweh caused all the people of Israel to honor Joshua greatly as their leader. And they deeply respected Joshua his entire life, just as they had deeply respected Moses.
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And Yahweh spoke to Joshua, saying,
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“Command the priests, the carriers of the Box of the Testimony, and they shall come up from the Jordan.”
“Order the priests who are carrying the sacred chest of the testimony to come up from the Jordan {riverbed}.”
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And Joshua commanded the priests, saying, “Come up from the Jordan.”
So Joshua commanded the priests to come up from the Jordan {riverbed}.
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And it happened that when the priests, the carriers of the Box of the Covenant of Yahweh, came up from the midst of the Jordan, {when} the soles of the feet of the priests were lifted up to dry ground, then the waters of the Jordan returned to their place and went over all of its banks, as yesterday and the third day.
Then the priests, carrying the sacred chest of Yahweh, came up out of the Jordan {riverbed}. As soon as the priests walked up out of the riverbed onto the riverbank, the water of the Jordan River started flowing again, and the river overflowed its banks as it had been doing before.
Now the people came up from the Jordan on the tenth {day} of the first month. And they camped in Gilgal, on the east border of Jericho.
It was on the tenth day of the first month of their year that the Israelite people crossed over the Jordan {riverbed} and camped at a place called Gilgal. That is east of the land near the city of Jericho.
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And those 12 stones that they had taken from the Jordan, Joshua set up at Gilgal.
At Gilgal, Joshua set up the 12 {large} stones that the 12 men had carried from the Jordan {riverbed}.
And he spoke to the sons of Israel, saying, “When your sons ask their fathers tomorrow, saying, ‘What are these stones?’
Then Joshua said to the people of Israel, “In the future, when your descendants ask, ‘Why are these stones here?’
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then you shall cause your sons to know, saying, ‘Israel crossed over this Jordan on dry ground.’
tell them, ‘This is where we Israelites crossed the Jordan River on dry ground.’
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For Yahweh your God dried up the waters of the Jordan from your faces until you crossed over, just as Yahweh your God did to the Sea of Reeds, which he dried up before us until we had crossed over,
While you were watching, Yahweh, the God you worship, dried up the river for you, until we had all crossed it. Yahweh, the God we worship, did {to the Jordan River} exactly what he did to the Sea of Reeds. He caused that to become dry, as our parents were watching, until they all crossed it.
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so that all of the peoples of the earth may know the hand of Yahweh, that it is mighty, so that you will fear Yahweh your God all of the days.”
{Yahweh did that} in order that all the peoples of the earth would know that he is very powerful. And because you have seen this, as a result, you will always revere Yahweh your God.”
Now Jericho {was} shutting and {was} being shut up from the face of the sons of Israel. There was no going out and there was no coming in.
Because {the people of Jericho were afraid} of the army of Israel, {the guards of Jericho} tightly shut the city gates. No one was allowed to enter {the city} or leave {it}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Yahweh said to Joshua, “See, I have given Jericho into your hand, and its king, the warriors of valor.
Then Yahweh said to Joshua, “Pay attention {to what I am about to tell you}! I am going to enable your army to conquer the city of Jericho and its king and its soldiers.
And you shall circle the city, all of the men of war, circling the city one time. Thus you shall do six days.
You and your army must march around the city once a day for six days.
And seven priests shall carry seven shofars of rams to the face of the Box. And on the seventh day you shall circle the city seven times, and the priests shall blow on the shofars.
Tell seven priests to march around {with you and the army}. Each of the priests must carry a ram’s horn that they can blow as they march ahead of the sacred chest of Yahweh. On the seventh day, you and the army and the seven priests must march around the city seven times, and the priests must be blowing the horns while they march.
And it will happen, when they make a long blast with the horn of the ram, as soon as you hear the sound of the shofar, all of the people shall shout a great shout. And the wall of the city will fall under itself and the people shall go up, a man in front of him.”
{After they have all marched around the city seven times, then} the priests must blow their horns very loudly. When you and the Israelite soldiers hear that, you must all shout very loudly. Then the city wall will collapse onto itself, and all the Israelite soldiers will go straight into the city.”
So Joshua, the son of Nun, called to the priests and said to them, “Carry the Box of the Covenant, and seven priests shall carry seven shofars of rams to the face of the Box of Yahweh.”
So Joshua summoned the priests and said to them, “Tell {four} priests to carry Yahweh’s sacred chest, and tell seven {other} priests to carry horns and walk ahead of the sacred chest of Yahweh.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And he said to the people, “Pass over and circle the city, and the armed {ones} will pass over to the face of the Box of Yahweh.”
And he told the Israelite soldiers and priests, “Start marching. March around the city with some soldiers with weapons marching in front. Behind them will march the seven priests with horns, and behind them will march the {four} priests carrying Yahweh’s sacred chest.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And it happened, when Joshua had spoken to the people, that seven priests carrying seven shofars of rams to the face of Yahweh passed over and blew on the shofars. And the Box of the Covenant of Yahweh was going behind them.
After Joshua told them that, the seven priests, each one carrying a horn, began marching ahead of Yahweh’s sacred chest while blowing their horns. {The four priests who} were carrying Yahweh’s sacred chest followed them.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the armed {ones} {were} walking to the face of the priests blowing the shofars. And the rearguard {was} walking behind the Box, walking and blowing on the shofars.
The group of soldiers carrying their weapons marched in front of the priests who were blowing on their horns. The rest of the soldiers followed the sacred chest. While {they were all marching, the priests} kept blowing their horns.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Joshua commanded the people, saying, “You shall not shout, and you shall not make your voice heard, and a word shall not go out from your mouth until the day I say to you, ‘Shout!’ Then you shall shout.”
But {all the Israelites, except the priests who were blowing their horns, were silent, because} Joshua had commanded them to say nothing. He had told them, “Do not make a war cry. Do not yell or say even one word until the seventh day {when we have walked around the city and} I tell you to shout. On that day, you must shout!”
And he made the Box of Yahweh circle the city, circling one time. Then they entered the camp, and they lodged in the camp.
So the men carrying Yahweh’s sacred chest and all the others did what Joshua told them to do. They marched around the city one time. Then they all returned to their camp and stayed there that night.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Joshua got up early in the morning, and the priests carried the Box of Yahweh.
The next morning, Joshua and the soldiers and priests got up early and the {four} priests again carried Yahweh’s sacred chest.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the seven priests carrying the seven shofars of rams to the face of the Box of Yahweh walking, {were} walking, and they blew on the shofars. And the armed {ones} {were} walking to their faces, and the rearguard {was} walking behind the Box of Yahweh, walking and blowing on the shofars.
The seven priests who were carrying horns went in front of {the four priests who were carrying} Yahweh’s sacred chest. The seven priests were continually walking ahead of the sacred chest and making loud blasts with their horns as they marched. The armed soldiers walked in front of them and the rest of the soldiers followed the sacred chest of Yahweh. All this time, the seven priests kept blowing their horns.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And they circled the city one time on the second day, and they returned {to} the camp. Thus they did six days.
So on the second day, they {again} marched around the city one time and {then} returned to their camp. They did the same thing for six days.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And it happened on the seventh day that they got up early, as soon as the dawn had risen, and they circled the city according to this manner seven times. Only on that day they circled the city seven times.
On the seventh day, they got up as soon as the sun rose, and they all marched around the city as they had done the previous six days. But this time they marched around the city seven times.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And it happened that on the seventh time, the priests blew on the shofars. And Joshua said to the people, “Shout, for Yahweh has given the city to you!
As they were marching around the city the seventh time, when the priests were blowing the long blasts on their horns, Joshua commanded the Israelite soldiers, “Shout, because Yahweh is about to enable you to capture this city!
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the city is a devoted thing, it and all that {is} in it, for Yahweh. Only Rahab the prostitute will live, she and all who {are} with her in the house, because she hid the messengers whom we sent.
Yahweh has declared that you must destroy the city and everything in it {to show that} it belongs to him. You must only spare Rahab the prostitute and all the people who are in her house with her, because she hid the spies we sent {to Jericho}.
But only you, keep yourselves from a devoted thing, lest you are devoting and you take from the devoted thing and you make the camp of Israel into a devoted thing and trouble it.
But be very careful of this: Yahweh has declared that we must destroy the people, animals, and things in the city. So you certainly must not take any of the things in the city. If you take anything, you will cause Yahweh to destroy our people and cause terrible things to happen to us.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And all of the silver and gold and objects of bronze and iron, it is a holy thing for Yahweh. It shall enter the storehouse of Yahweh.”
All the silver and gold and all the iron and bronze articles{that you find}, you must set apart for Yahweh. You must put those things in his treasury.”
And the people shouted, and they blew on the shofars. And it happened, when the people heard the sound of the shofar and the people shouted a great shout, that the wall fell under itself, and the people went up to the city, a man in front of him, and they captured the city.
So they obeyed Joshua. When the Israelite army heard the priests begin blowing a long blast on their horns, then they shouted loudly, and the wall of the city collapsed! Then the Israelite army went up into the city. Each soldier went straight into the city from wherever he was standing when the wall fell. In that way, the Israelite army captured the city.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And they devoted all that {was} in the city, from man and to woman, from young and to old, and to ox and sheep and donkey, to the mouth of the sword.
They killed every living thing in Jericho. They killed all the men, women, boys, and girls. They also killed all the cattle and sheep and donkeys.
And Joshua said to the two men having spied out the land, “Enter the house of the woman, the prostitute, and bring out from there the woman and all who {are} to her, just as you swore to her.”
Then Joshua said to the two men who had spied on the land, “Go to the house of that prostitute woman {who helped you}. Bring her out, along with all her family, just as you promised her you would do.”
And the young men having spied entered and brought out Rahab and her father and her mother and her brothers and all who {were} to her. And they brought out all of her relatives and put them outside the camp of Israel.
So, the young men who had spied on the land went and brought Rahab out of her house. They brought out her father, mother, brothers, and all her relatives {who were with her}. They brought them to a place outside the camp of Israel’s army.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And they burned with fire the city and all that {was} in it. Only the silver and the gold and the objects of bronze and iron, they put {in} the storehouse of the house of Yahweh.
Then the Israelite soldiers burned the city, along with everything in it. But {they saved} the silver and gold and articles of bronze and iron and put them into the treasury of things for the tent of meeting.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Joshua kept alive Rahab the prostitute and the house of her father and all who {were} to her. And she has dwelt in the midst of Israel to this day, because she hid the messengers whom Joshua had sent to spy on Jericho.
But Joshua allowed Rahab the prostitute to live, along with her father’s household and everyone who was with her. He did that because she hid the spies that Joshua sent to spy on Jericho. She has lived among the people of Israel until this time.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Joshua made {them} swear at that time, saying, “Cursed {is} the man to the face of Yahweh who arises and builds this city, Jericho. With his firstborn he will found it, and with his youngest he will set up its gates.”
After Joshua and his soldiers had destroyed the city of Jericho, he made each of the Israelites swear that they would not rebuild the city. He said, “Yahweh will curse anyone who rebuilds this city, Jericho. When that person lays its foundation, Yahweh will cause his oldest son to die. When {he finishes building the city wall and} sets up its gates, Yahweh will cause his youngest son to die.” {All the people agreed that this should be the punishment for anyone who rebuilt the city.}
And Yahweh was with Joshua, and the report of him was in all of the land.
Yahweh helped Joshua, and as a result, he became famous throughout the whole land of Canaan.
(There are no questions for this verse)
But the sons of Israel treacherously committed a treacherous act regarding a devoted thing. For Achan, the son of Carmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, from the tribe of Judah, took from the devoted thing. And the nose of Yahweh burned against the sons of Israel.
{Yahweh had commanded the Israelites to show that all the things they found in Jericho belonged to him. To do that, the Israelites were to destroy them or put them in his treasury.} But there was a man from the tribe of Judah whose name was Achan. He was the son of Karmi, the grandson of Zabdi, and the great-grandson of Zerah. He disobeyed what Yahweh had commanded the Israelites. He took for himself some of the things Yahweh had said belonged only to him. Therefore, Yahweh became very angry with the Israelites.
Now Joshua sent men from Jericho to Ai, which {was} near Beth Aven, from the east of Bethel. And he spoke to them, saying, “Go up and spy on the land.” And the men went up and spied on Ai.
Now Joshua told some of his men to go from the city of Jericho to the town of Ai. That town was east of the city of Bethel and near the town of Beth Aven. Joshua said to them, “Go to Ai and see what we need to do to conquer it.” So the men went and did what Joshua had instructed them to do.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And they returned to Joshua and said to him, “Do not let all the people go up. About 2, 000 men or about 3, 000 men should go up and strike Ai. Do not make all the people weary there, because they are few.”
When they returned, they told him, “Only a small number of people live in Ai. So just send 2,000 or 3,000 men to attack them. There is no need to send all of our soldiers.”
And about 3, 000 men from the people went up there, and they fled to the face of the men of Ai.
So about 3, 000 Israelite men went to attack Ai. But the men of Ai defeated the men of Israel so badly that the men of Israel ran away.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the men of Ai struck down from them about 36 men. And they pursued them from the face of the gate unto the quarries, and they struck them on the slope. And the heart of the people melted and became water.
The soldiers of Ai killed about 36 Israelite soldiers. They chased the rest of them from the city gate to the stone quarries. They even killed Israelite soldiers on the slopes {that led back down to the Jordan River}. When the Israelite people saw this, they became very afraid. They no longer had the courage to fight.
And Joshua tore his garments and fell on his face to the earth to the face of the Box of Yahweh until the evening, he and the elders of Israel. And they made dust go up onto their heads.
Joshua and the leaders of Israel tore their clothes {to show that they were very sad that their enemies had defeated them}. They lay down on the ground in front of the sacred chest of Yahweh, and they stayed there until evening time. They also put dirt on their heads {to show that they were very sad about what had happened}.
And Joshua said, “Alas, my Lord Yahweh! Why, bringing across, did you bring this people across the Jordan to give us into the hand of the Amorite, to make us perish? And if only we had been content and had stayed on the other side of the Jordan!
Then Joshua prayed and said, “Lord Yahweh, you brought us Israelites safely across the Jordan River. So I do not understand why you are now allowing the Amorites to destroy us. I really wish that we had stayed on the other side of the Jordan River! Then we would not be in this situation.
(There are no questions for this verse)
Please, my Lord! What shall I say, now that Israel has turned the back of the neck to the face of its enemies?
O Lord, I do not know what to say, now that we Israelites have run away from our enemies.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the Canaanite and all the dwellers of the land will hear, and they will surround us and cut off our name from the earth. And what will you do for your great name?”
The Canaanites and all the other people who are living in this land will hear {that the army of the city of Ai defeated us}. Then they will surround us and kill us all! Then people will no longer think that you are a great and powerful God!”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Yahweh said to Joshua, “Get yourself up! Why is this, you {are} falling on your face?
But Yahweh said to Joshua, “Stand up! Stop lying there with your face in the dirt!
(There are no questions for this verse)
Israel has sinned and indeed transgressed my covenant, which I commanded them, and has indeed taken from the devoted thing and has indeed stolen and also deceived and also placed {it} among their things.
The people of Israel have sinned. They have disobeyed the commands that I instructed them to obey. They have taken from the things that I said they must devote to me. They have stolen and been deceptive and put what they have stolen in with their own possessions.
So the sons of Israel were not able to stand to the face of their enemies. They turned the back of the neck to the face of their enemies because they have become a devoted thing. I will not resume to be with you if you do not destroy the devoted thing from your midst.
That is why the Israelite soldiers could not defeat the soldiers of Ai. That is why they ran away from them. And now Israelites you have become something that someone should destroy. Unless you do as I commanded you and destroy the things you took from Jericho that you were supposed to devote to me, then I will not help you anymore!
(There are no questions for this verse)
Arise! Consecrate the people and say, ‘Consecrate yourselves for tomorrow, because thus says Yahweh, the God of Israel, “A devoted thing is in your midst, Israel. You will not be able to stand to the face of your enemies until you remove the devoted thing from your midst.”
Now go and tell the people of Israel that they must prepare themselves for what will happen tomorrow. They must perform the rituals that will cause them to become acceptable to me {again}. Tell them that I said that one of you has kept some of the things that I told you to devote to me. Tell them that I said you will not be able to defeat your enemies until you get rid of those things.
And you shall be brought near in the morning by your tribes. And it will happen, the tribe that Yahweh takes shall come near by clans, and the clan that Yahweh takes shall come near by houses, and the house that Yahweh takes shall come near by men.
Tomorrow morning you must present yourselves before me, tribe by tribe. Then I will indicate to you which tribe {the guilty person belongs to}. Then I will indicate to you which clan {from that tribe the guilty person belongs to}. Then I will indicate to you which family he belongs to, and then I will indicate which man {in that family took the things I said you must devote to me}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And it will happen, the one taken with the devoted thing shall be burned with fire, he and all that {is} to him, because he has transgressed the covenant of Yahweh, and because he has done a disgraceful thing in Israel.’”
Then you must {kill and} burn {the body of} the person who has taken some of the things that you should have given to me. You must burn him and his family and everything he owns, because he has disobeyed the agreement that I, Yahweh made with you Israelites, and because he has done a disgraceful act among the people of Israel.”
And Joshua got up early in the morning and brought Israel near by its tribes, and the tribe of Judah was taken.
Early the next morning, Joshua instructed all the Israelite people to come near {to the sacred tent}, tribe by tribe. {When they did that,} Yahweh indicated that a person from the tribe of Judah {was the one who had taken the things that the Israelites should have given him}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And he brought near the clans of Judah, and the clan of the Zerahite was taken. And he brought near the clan of the Zerahite by men, and Zabdi was taken.
Then the clans of Judah presented themselves, and Yahweh indicated that someone from the clan of Zerah {was the guilty person}. Then the families of Zerah’s clan presented themselves, and Yahweh indicated that someone from the family of Zabdi {was the guilty person}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And he brought near his house by men, and Achan, the son of Carmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, from the tribe of Judah, was taken.
Then Joshua told the men from the family of Zabdi to present themselves. {When they did that,} Yahweh indicated that Achan was the guilty man. He was the son of Carmi, the grandson of Zabdi, the great-grandson of Zerah, and the great-great-grandson of Judah.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Joshua said to Achan, “My son, please give glory to Yahweh, the God of Israel, and make confession to him. And declare to me please what you have done. Do not hide {it} from me.”
Then Joshua said to Achan, “Young man, honor Yahweh, the God we Israelites worship, by telling the truth and confessing it before him. Now tell me what you did, and do not try to conceal it from me.”
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Achan answered Joshua and said, “Truly, I have sinned against Yahweh, the God of Israel. And like this and like this I did:
Achan replied, “It is true. I have sinned against Yahweh, the God we Israelites worship. This is what I did:
(There are no questions for this verse)
Now I saw among the spoil one good coat of Shinar and 200 shekels of silver and one wedge of gold, 50 shekels {was} its weight. And I desired them and took them. And behold, they are hidden in the earth in the midst of my tent, and the silver {is} under it.”
I saw among the plunder {from Jericho} a beautiful coat from Babylon. I also saw 200 pieces of silver and a piece of gold that weighed the equivalent of 50 pieces of silver. I wanted those things very much, so I took them. I buried them in the ground under my tent. You will find them there. The silver pieces are buried under the other things.”
And Joshua sent messengers, and they ran to the tent. And behold, {it} was hidden in his tent, and the silver {was} under it.
So Joshua sent some men {to find the things that Achan had stolen from Yahweh}. They ran to Achan’s tent and found all the things he had hidden there.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And they took them from the midst of the tent and brought them to Joshua and to all of the sons of Israel. And they poured them out to the face of Yahweh.
The men took the things Achan had stolen out of his tent and brought them to Joshua and to the Israelites. Then they spread them out on the ground in front of the sacred tent {as evidence that Achan was guilty of stealing from the plunder, as Yahweh had said an Israelite had done}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Joshua took Achan, the son of Zerah, and the silver and the coat and the wedge of gold and his sons and his daughters and his ox and his donkey and his flock and his tent and all that {was} to him, and all Israel with him. And they brought them up to the Valley of Achor.
Then Joshua and the Israelites brought Achan son of Zerah up to a place that people later called the Valley of Achor. They brought the things he had stolen from Yahweh, and they also brought his sons and daughters and his wife and his cattle and donkeys and sheep and goats. They also brought his tent and everything else that belonged to him.
And Joshua said, “Why have you troubled us? Yahweh will trouble you on this day.” And all of Israel stoned him with stone. And they burned them with fire, and they stoned them with stones.
Joshua said, “You have troubled us Israelites greatly, so today Yahweh will trouble you.” Then all the people of Israel threw stones at Achan and his family until they died. Then they burned them {and all their possessions} with fire.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And they raised up over him a great pile of stones, to this day. And Yahweh turned from the burning of his nose. Therefore the name of that place is called the Valley of Achor to this day.
They piled rocks over the ashes of their corpses, and those rocks are still there now. After that, Yahweh was no longer angry {with the Israelites}. That is why the Israelites named that place the Valley of Achor. People still call it by that name now.
And Yahweh said to Joshua, “Do not fear and do not be dismayed. Take with you all of the people of war and arise, go up to Ai. See, I have given into your hand the king of Ai and his people and his city and his land.
Then Yahweh said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid or discouraged {because of what happened last time you fought against the men of Ai}. Take with you all the soldiers you have and go up to Ai {again}. I will certainly enable you to defeat the king of Ai and his people, and I will give you his city and his land.
And you shall do to Ai and its king just as you did to Jericho and its king, except you may plunder its spoil and its livestock for yourselves. Set for yourselves an ambush against the city from behind it.”
Your army must do to the city of Ai and its people and king the same thing that you did to the city of Jericho and its people and king. But {this time} I will allow you to take all their possessions and keep them for yourselves. Tell some of your soldiers to hide behind the city and prepare to attack it suddenly.”
And Joshua and all of the people of war arose to go up to Ai. And Joshua chose 30, 000 men, warriors of valor, and sent them at night.
So Joshua led all his army toward the city of Ai. He chose 30, 000 of his best soldiers and prepared them to go out during the night.
And he commanded them, saying, “See, you will be lying in ambush against the city from behind the city. You shall not be very far from the city. And all of you shall be prepared.
Joshua said to them, “Listen carefully! Some of you must hide on the other side of Ai. Do not go very far from the city. Each one of you must be ready {to attack it}.
(There are no questions for this verse)
As I and all of the people who {are} with me, we will go near to the city. And it will happen, when they come out to meet us just as at the first, that we will flee to their faces.
I and the soldiers who are with me will march toward the city {in the morning}. Then the soldiers who are in the city will come out to fight us, as they did before. We will turn around and start to run away from them.
And they will come out after us until we have drawn them from the city. For they will say, ‘They are fleeing to our faces, just as at the first.’ And we will flee to their faces.
Because they will think that we are running away from them as we did before, they will leave the city and chase after us. While we are running away from them,
(There are no questions for this verse)
And you shall rise from the ambush and possess the city. And Yahweh your God will give it into your hand.
those of you who are hiding must come out and enter the city and capture it. Yahweh, your God, will enable you to conquer the city.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And it will happen that when you capture the city, you shall burn the city with fire. You shall do according to the word of Yahweh. See, I have commanded you.”
After you capture the city, burn it. Do what Yahweh has commanded us to do. Those are the orders I am giving to you.”
And Joshua sent them, and they went to the ambush place, and they stayed between Bethel and between Ai, from the west of Ai. And Joshua lodged during that night in the midst of the people.
Then Joshua sent some of the Israelite soldiers to hide and wait at a place between Bethel and Ai. That place was on the west side of Ai. But Joshua slept that night among his other soldiers.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Joshua got up early in the morning and mustered the people. And he and the elders of Israel went up to the face of the people to Ai.
Early the next morning, Joshua gathered his soldiers together. Then he and the other Israelite leaders went in front of them to Ai.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And all of the people of war who {were} with him went up and approached and came before the city. And they camped from north of Ai, and the valley was between them and between Ai.
They all set up their tents close to Ai, just to the north of the city, where all the people of the city could see them. There was a valley between them and the city of Ai.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And he had taken about 5, 000 men, and he had set them {in} ambush between Bethel and between Ai, from the west of the city.
Joshua chose about 5, 000 of his soldiers and told them to go and hide just west of Ai, between Ai and Bethel.
(There are no questions for this verse)
So the people set all of the camp that {was} from the north of the city and its heel from the west of the city. And Joshua went during that night into the midst of the valley.
So that was how Joshua and the elders {prepared for the battle. They} stationed the main group of Israelite soldiers north of Ai and they stationed the other group on the west side of Ai. That night Joshua went down into the valley.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And it happened, as soon as the king of Ai saw, that the men of the city hurried and got up early and went out to meet Israel for battle, he and all his people, at an appointed place to the face of the Arabah. Now he did not know that an ambush {was} against him from behind the city.
When the king of Ai saw {the Israelite army}, he and all his soldiers got up early {the next morning} and quickly went out of the city to fight them at a place where they had agreed to meet. That place was near the Jordan River valley. But the king of Ai did not know that some of the Israelite soldiers were hiding behind the city, ready to attack it.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Joshua and all of Israel were struck to the face of them, and they fled {by} the way of the wilderness.
Joshua and all the Israelite soldiers {who were with him} allowed the army of Ai to push them back. They retreated toward the wilderness.
And all of the people who {were} in the city were summoned to pursue after them, and they pursued after Joshua, and they were drawn away from the city.
Then the king of Ai ordered all the men in the city to chase after Joshua and his men. So they left the city and pursued them.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And a man was not left in Ai or Bethel who had not gone out after Israel. And they left the city opened, and they pursued after Israel.
All the men of Ai and also the men from the city of Bethel pursued the Israelite army. They did not leave a guard behind to defend their cities. They even left the city {gates} wide open as they went to pursue the soldiers of Israel.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And Yahweh said to Joshua, “Stretch out with the curved sword that is in your hand toward Ai, because I will give it into your hand.” And Joshua stretched out with the curved sword that was in his hand toward the city.
Then Yahweh said to Joshua, “Lift up your curved sword and point it toward Ai, because I am going to enable your soldiers to capture it!” So Joshua pointed his curved sword toward Ai.
And the ambush rose quickly from its place, and they ran when he stretched out his hand. And they entered the city and captured it and hurried and burned the city with fire.
When the Israelite men who were hiding saw Joshua do that, they rushed out from the places where they were hiding and ran into the city. They captured it and quickly set it on fire.
(There are no questions for this verse)
And the men of Ai turned behind them and looked, and behold, the smoke of the city went up to the heavens! And it was not in their hands to flee here or there, for the people having fled {to} the wilderness turned themselves toward the pursuers.
When the men of Ai looked back, they saw smoke rising from their city up to the sky. They could not escape in any direction, because the Israelite soldiers stopped running away towards the wilderness and turned back toward them.
(There are no questions for this verse)
For Joshua and all of Israel saw that the ambush had captured the city and that the smoke of the city went up, and they turned and struck the men of Ai.
Joshua and all the Israelite soldiers knew that the men who had been hiding had captured the city and were burning it because they saw the smoke rising. So they turned around and began killing the men of Ai.
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And these came out from the city to meet them, so they were in the midst of Israel, these from here and these from there. And they struck them until he left to him no survivor or fugitive.
Meanwhile, the soldiers who had captured the city came out and attacked them {from the rear}. So the men of Ai were {caught} in the middle of the two groups of Israelite soldiers. The Israelites fought against the men of Ai until they killed them all. None of the men of Ai escaped.
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And they seized the king of Ai alive, and they brought him to Joshua.
But the king of Ai was still alive. They captured him and brought him to Joshua.
And it happened, when Israel had made an end of slaying all of the dwellers of Ai in the field, in the wilderness in which they pursued them, and all of them had fallen to the mouth of the sword unto their ceasing, that all of Israel returned to Ai and struck it to the mouth of the sword.
The Israelite soldiers killed all the men of Ai who had come out into the fields that were in the open country to pursue them. When they had killed every one of them, then all the Israelite soldiers went back to Ai and killed everyone who was there.
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And it happened that all of the ones falling on that day, from man and unto woman, were 12, 000, all of the men of Ai.
{The Israelites} killed 12, 000 men and women that day. They killed everyone who lived in Ai.
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And Joshua did not turn back his hand that he had stretched out with the curved sword, until when he had devoted all of the dwellers of Ai.
Joshua continued to point his curved sword toward Ai until the Israelites had killed all the people who lived in Ai.
However, Israel plundered for themselves the livestock and the spoil of that city, according to the word of Yahweh, which he had commanded Joshua.
The Israelite soldiers took for themselves the animals and the other things that had belonged to the people of Ai, just as Yahweh had told Joshua that they should do.
And Joshua burned Ai, and he made it a mound forever, a desolation to this day.
Joshua and his soldiers burned Ai and caused it to become a pile of ruins that no one ever rebuilt. It is still an abandoned place now.
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And he hanged the king of Ai on a tree until the time of the evening. And as the sun was going, Joshua commanded, and they brought down his corpse from the tree, and they threw it at the opening of the gate of the city, and they raised over it a great pile of stones, to this day.
Joshua hanged the king of Ai on a tree. He left his corpse hanging there until evening. At sunset, Joshua told his men to take the king’s body down from the tree and throw it on the ground at the entrance of the city gate. {After they did that,} they piled a great mound of rocks on top of the king’s corpse. That pile of rocks is still there now.
Then Joshua built an altar to Yahweh, the God of Israel, on Mount Ebal,
Then Joshua {instructed his men to} build on Ebal Mountain an altar for Yahweh, the God whom the Israelites worship.
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just as Moses, the servant of Yahweh, had commanded the sons of Israel, as written in the Book of the Law of Moses, “An altar of whole stones, over which one has not wielded an iron tool.” And they offered on it burnt offerings to Yahweh, and they sacrificed peace offerings.
They built it just as Moses, Yahweh’s servant, had written previously in the book of instructions that Yahweh had given to him. They made the altar from stones that no one had cut. No one had done any work on these stones using iron tools. The Israelites then offered on the altar sacrifices to Yahweh that were burned completely, and they also made fellowship sacrifices.
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And there on the stones he wrote a copy of the law of Moses, which he wrote to the face of the sons of Israel.
At that place, Joshua wrote on the stones {of the altar} a copy of the instructions that Yahweh had previously given to Moses. The Israelites watched Joshua do this.
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And all of Israel and its elders and officers and its judges {were} standing from here and from there at the Box, in front of the priests, the Levites, the carriers of the Box of the Covenant of Yahweh, as the sojourner, so the native, half of him toward the front of Mount Gerizim and half of him toward the front of Mount Ebal, just as Moses, the servant of Yahweh, had commanded to bless the people of Israel at the first.
The leaders, officials, and judges of Israel and all the other Israelites were standing on both sides of the sacred chest. They were all standing facing the Levitical priests who carried the sacred chest of Yahweh. Both native-born Israelites and foreigners who were living among the Israelites were there. Half of the people stood {on one side of the valley} below Gerizim Mountain, and the other half of the people stood {on the other side of the valley} below Ebal Mountain. The sacred chest was {in the valley} between the two groups. This is what Moses, Yahweh’s servant, had previously instructed them to do when he had given instructions for blessing the people of Israel.
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And afterward, he read all of the words of the law, the blessings and the curses, according to everything written in the book of the law.
Then Joshua read {to the people} everything that Moses had written. That included the things Yahweh had instructed them to do and not to do. That also included Yahweh’s teachings and the ways that he said he would bless them {if they obeyed his commands} or curse them {if they disobeyed his commands}.
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There was not a word from all that Moses had commanded that Joshua did not read in front of all of the assembly of Israel, and the women, and the children, and the sojourners going in the midst of them.
Joshua made sure to read every word that Moses had commanded them. He read every word in front of the entire assembly of Israelites. All the women and children were there as well, and also the foreigners who were living among the people of Israel.
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And it happened, when all of the kings heard who {were} on the other side of the Jordan, in the hill country and in the lowlands and in all of the coast of the Great Sea toward the front of Lebanon, the Hittite and the Amorite, the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite,
All the kings on the west side of the Jordan River heard about what the Israelites had done at Ai. These kings lived in the hilly region, in the western foothills, and along all the coast of the Great Sea as far as Lebanon. They were the kings of the Hittites, the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites. Once these kings heard about what Israel had done to Ai,
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that they gathered themselves together as one mouth to fight against Joshua and against Israel.
they all agreed to gather {their armies} together to fight against Joshua and the Israelite army.
But the dwellers of Gibeon heard what Joshua had done to Jericho and to Ai.
However, when the people who lived in the city of Gibeon heard that Joshua’s army had killed all the people of Jericho and Ai,
And they acted, they also, with cunning. And they went and acted as envoys and took worn-out sacks for their donkeys and worn-out and torn and mended skins of wine,
they {decided to act differently toward the Israelites than the other kings had. The Gibeonites} decided to trick {the Israelites}. They sent some of their men to be ambassadors {for their people}. These men gathered old packs and old leather wine bags that people had mended after they had cracked. Then they put these on the backs of their donkeys.
and worn-out and patched sandals {were} on their feet, and worn-out garments {were} on them, and all of the bread of their provisions was dry, it had become crumbs.
They put on old sandals that people had patched, and they wore old, ragged clothes. They took along bread that was hard and had become crumbled.
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And they went to Joshua in the camp at Gilgal and they said to him and to a man of Israel, “We have come from a distant land, and now, cut a covenant with us.”
They went to where Joshua and the other Israelites had set up their tents at Gilgal. They said to Joshua and the Israelite leaders, “We have traveled from a land that is far away. We want you to make a treaty with us.”
And a man of Israel said to the Hivite, “Perhaps you {are} dwelling among us. Then how can I cut a covenant with you?”
The Israelite leaders said to these Hivite men, “You might actually live close by us. If you do, we certainly cannot make a treaty with you{, because if we did, then we would be disobeying Yahweh’s command to dispossess all the people-groups who live near us}!”
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And they said to Joshua, “We {are} your servants.” And Joshua said to them, “Who are you, and where have you come from?”
But they replied to Joshua, “We are willing to become your subjects.” But Joshua answered, “What people-group do you belong to, and from what place did you come from?”
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And they said to him, “Your servants have come from a very distant land because of the name of Yahweh your God. For we have heard a report of him and all that he did in Egypt
The men from Gibeon answered him, “We have come here from a faraway country because Yahweh your God has become famous. People have told us about all the {miraculous} things he did {for you} in Egypt.
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and all that he did to the two kings of the Amorite who were on the other side of the Jordan, to Sihon the king of Heshbon and to Og the king of Bashan who {was} in Ashtaroth.
We have also heard that he helped you defeat the two Amorite kings who were on the east side of the Jordan River. These kings were Sihon, who ruled in the city of Heshbon, and Og, who ruled in the city of Ashtaroth in the region of Bashan.
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And our elders and all the dwellers of our land spoke to us, saying, ‘Take provisions in your hand for the road and go to meet them. And you shall say to them, “We are your servants. And now, cut a covenant for us.”’
So our leaders and the rest of our people said to us, ‘Take some food with you and go to talk with the Israelites. Tell them, “We are willing to become your subjects. So make a peace agreement with us.”’
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This bread of ours, we took it as provision hot from our houses on the day of our going out to come to you. And now, behold, it is dry and has become crumbs.
When we left our homes to come to you, we packed this bread fresh from the oven. But see how it is now dry and has become hard and crumbled.
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And these skins of wine that we filled {were} new, and behold, they have broken open. And these garments of ours and sandals of ours are worn-out from the very great length of the road.”
And {when we left our homes to come to you}, these leather wine bags were new. But look at them now! They are old and cracked. Our clothes have become ragged and our sandals have become worn because of our long journey here.”
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And the men took from their provisions, but they did not ask the mouth of Yahweh.
The Israelite leaders looked at the food that the men from Gibeon had brought with them {to see if it was old as they claimed}. But the Israelite leaders did not ask Yahweh what they should do.
And Joshua made peace with them, and he cut a covenant with them to let them live. And the leaders of the congregation swore to them.
Then Joshua agreed to make a treaty with the men from Gibeon. He promised that the Israelites would not kill the Gibeonites. The Israelite leaders made the same promise to the men from Gibeon.
And it happened at the end of three days, after when they had cut a covenant with them, that they heard that they {were} near to them and they {were} dwelling among them.
A whole day went by after Joshua and the Israelite leaders made this treaty with the men from Gibeon. On the day after that, the Israelites learned that they actually lived close by them.
And the sons of Israel set out and came to their cities on the third day. And their cities {were} Gibeon and Kephirah and Beeroth and Kiriath Jearim.
So they travelled to see where the Gibeonites lived. They left Gilgal on one day, traveled for another whole day, and on the day after that arrived at the city of Gibeon and the surrounding towns of Kephirah, Beeroth, and Kiriath Jearim.
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And the sons of Israel did not strike them, because the leaders of the congregation had sworn to them by Yahweh, the God of Israel. And all of the congregation murmured against the leaders.
But the Israelites still did not kill the Gibeonites {even after seeing that they lived nearby}. That was because their leaders had made a solemn vow by Yahweh their God promising them that they would not kill them. All the people of Israel grumbled against their leaders {for making this treaty}.
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But all of the leaders said to all of the congregation, “We, we have sworn to them by Yahweh the God of Israel, so now we are not able to touch them.
But all the leaders replied, “We made a solemn vow by Yahweh our God promising them {that we would not kill them}. So now we may not kill them.
We will do this to them and let them live so wrath will not be on us because of the oath that we swore to them.”
What we must do to the Gibeonites is let them live. If we kill them, God will be angry with us {and punish us} because we did not keep our promise to them.”
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Then the leaders said to them, “Let them live.” So they became hewers of wood and drawers of water for all of the congregation, just as the leaders had spoken to them.
Then the leaders announced this decision to all of the Israelites: “We must allow them to live.” But they also told the Israelites that they could make the Gibeonites slaves who would cut wood and get water for all of them. So the Israelites obeyed the instructions of their leaders.
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And Joshua called for them and spoke to them, saying, “Why have you deceived us, saying, ‘We {are} very far from you,’ but you {are} dwelling among us?
Joshua summoned the men from Gibeon and said to them, “Tell me why you lied to us by saying that you live very far from here, when in fact you actually live nearby!
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And now you are cursed, and none of you shall be cut off a slave and hewers of wood and drawers of water for the house of my God.”
Because you did that, Yahweh has cursed you. You will always be our slaves. We will make you cut wood and carry water for the place where we worship our God.”
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And they answered Joshua and said, “Because declaring, it was declared to your servants that Yahweh your God commanded Moses his servant to give all of the land to you and to destroy all of the dwellers of the land from your faces. And we were very afraid for our lives from your faces, so we did this thing.
The Gibeonites answered, “We lied to you because we were very afraid that you would kill us. We had heard that your God Yahweh instructed his servant Moses to give you all this land and kill everyone who lives in it.
And now, behold us, in your hand. Do to us as {is} good and as {is} right in your eyes to do.”
So now, you have control over us. Do to us what you think is the right thing to do.”
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And he did thus to them. And he delivered them from the hand of the sons of Israel, and they did not slay them.
So Joshua saved the lives of the Gibeonites and did not permit the army of Israel to kill them.
But on that day Joshua made them hewers of wood and drawers of water for the congregation and for the altar of Yahweh, to this day, in the place that he would choose.
But from that day on, Joshua forced the Gibeonites to become the Israelites’ slaves. They cut wood and carried water for the Israelites. They also cut wood and carried water for Yahweh’s altar, at whatever place he was going to choose {for them to build it}. They still cut wood and carry water at this present time.
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And it happened, when Adoni Zedek, the king of Jerusalem, heard that Joshua had captured Ai and had devoted it, just as he had done to Jericho and to its king, thus he had done to Ai and to its king, and that the dwellers of Gibeon had made peace with Israel and {were} in their midst,
This is what happened next. Adoni Zedek was the king who ruled the city of Jerusalem. He heard that Joshua’s army had captured the city of Ai and completely destroyed it, just as they had done to the city of Jericho and its king. He also heard that the people of the city of Gibeon had made a peace agreement with the Israelites and were living among them.
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that they feared greatly, because Gibeon {was} a great city, like one of the cities of the kingdom, and because it {was} greater than Ai, and all of its men {were} warriors.
The people of Jerusalem and their king became very afraid, because the city of Gibeon was as large as the cities that had kings ruling them. It was larger than the city of Ai, and all its men were strong warriors.
And Adoni Zedek, the king of Jerusalem, sent to Hoham, the king of Hebron, and to Piram, the king of Jarmuth, and to Japhia, the king of Lachish, and to Debir, the king of Eglon, saying,
So Adoni Zedek, the king of Jerusalem, sent messages to several other kings. He sent them to Hoham, who ruled the city of Hebron, to Piram, who ruled the city of Jarmuth, to Japhia, who ruled the city of Lachish, and to Debir, who ruled the city of Eglon.
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“Come up to me and help me, and let us strike Gibeon, because it has made peace with Joshua and with the sons of Israel.”
Adoni Zedek told them, “Come and help me attack the city of Gibeon because its people have made a peace agreement with Joshua and the Israelites.”
And the five of the kings of the Amorite gathered and went up, the king of Jerusalem, the king of Hebron, the king of Jarmuth, the king of Lachish, the king of Eglon, they and all of their camps. And they camped against Gibeon and fought against it.
So these five kings of the Amorites joined their armies together. These were the kings of the cities of Jerusalem, Hebron, Jarmuth, Lachish, and Eglon. These kings and their armies went up with all their soldiers and surrounded the city of Gibeon and started to attack it.
And the men of Gibeon sent to Joshua at the camp at Gilgal, saying, “Do not let your hands drop from your servants. Come up to us quickly and save us and help us, because all of the kings of the Amorite dwelling {in} the hill country have gathered against us.”
The men of Gibeon sent this message to Joshua at the camp at Gilgal: “Protect us, because we are your subjects. Come quickly and save us! Help us, because all the Amorite kings who live in the hill country have joined their armies together to attack us!”
And Joshua went up from Gilgal, he and all of the people of war with him, and all of the warriors of valor.
So Joshua marched up from Gilgal with his entire army, including his best fighting men.
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And Yahweh said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid of them, because I have given them into your hand. Not a man from them will stand at your face.”
Yahweh told Joshua, “Do not be afraid of those armies. I will enable you to defeat them. None of them will be able to resist you.”
And Joshua came to them suddenly, all of the night he went up from Gilgal.
Joshua and his army marched all night from Gilgal and surprised the enemy armies.
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And Yahweh panicked them to the face of Israel, and he struck them {with} a great striking at Gibeon, and he pursued them {by} the way of the ascent of Beth Horon, and he struck them unto Azekah and unto Makkedah.
Yahweh caused the enemy armies to become confused when they saw the Israelites. The Israelites won a great victory at Gibeon. They chased their enemies along the road that goes up to Beth Horon. They continued to kill enemy soldiers all the way to the cities of Azekah and Makkedah.
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And it happened, in their fleeing from the face of Israel, they {were} on the descent of Beth Horon, that Yahweh threw on them great stones from the heavens unto Azekah, and they died. {There were} more who died by the stones of the hail than those whom the sons of Israel killed with the sword.
As the enemies were running away from the Israelites down the road from Beth Horon, Yahweh threw large hailstones on them from the sky. These hailstones continued to fall on them all the way to the city of Azekah. The hailstones killed more of the enemy soldiers than the Israelites killed with their swords.
Then Joshua spoke to Yahweh in the day of Yahweh giving the Amorite to the face of the sons of Israel, and he said to the eyes of Israel, “Sun, be still over Gibeon, and moon, over the Valley of Aijalon.”
On that same day, when Yahweh was helping the Israelites defeat the Amorites, Joshua spoke to Yahweh. While the Israelites were watching, Joshua prayed, asking Yahweh to make the sun stay in place over the city of Gibeon and to make the moon stay in place over the Valley of Aijalon.
And the sun was still, and the moon stood, until the nation avenged its enemies. Is it not written in the Book of Jashar? And the sun stood in the middle of the heavens, and it did not hurry to go {down}, about a whole day.
And the sun stayed in place, and the moon did not move, until the Israelites had defeated their enemies. There is an account of this in the Book of Jashar. The sun stopped moving, and it stayed in the middle of the sky and did not go down for about a whole day.
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And none has been like that day to the face of it or after it, for Yahweh listening to the voice of a man, because Yahweh fought for Israel.
There has never been another day like that one, either before or after it, when Yahweh answered someone’s prayer in such an amazing way. Yahweh was truly fighting for the Israelites.
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And Joshua and all of Israel with him returned to the camp at Gilgal.
Then Joshua and all of the Israelite soldiers returned to their camp at Gilgal.
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And these five kings had fled and hidden themselves in the cave at Makkedah.
During the battle, the five kings ran away and hid in a cave near the city of Makkedah.
And it was told to Joshua, saying, “The five kings have been found hiding themselves in the cave at Makkedah.”
But Joshua’s soldiers discovered their hiding place and they told him that the five kings were hiding in a cave near Makkedah.
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And Joshua said, “Roll great stones to the mouth of the cave and appoint men by it to guard them.”
Joshua told his men, “Roll some large stones to block the entrance of the cave. Put some guards there to watch it.”
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But you, do not stand! Pursue after your enemies and attack their rear. Do not let them enter into their cities, because Yahweh your God has given them into your hand.
Then Joshua said to all the other soldiers, “Do not stay here in the camp. Chase after your enemies and attack those who have been the slowest to escape. Do not let them reach their cities. Yahweh your God will enable you to defeat them.”
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And it happened, when Joshua and the sons of Israel had finished striking them {with} a very great striking until their finishing, that the survivors from them survived and entered into the cities of fortification.
So Joshua and his soldiers chased and killed the Amorite soldiers until they had destroyed them almost completely. Only a few of them escaped to the safety of their cities, which had defensive walls.
And all of the people returned to the camp, to Joshua at Makkedah, in peace. No one sharpened his tongue against the sons of Israel, against a man.
Then the whole Israelite army returned to Joshua at the camp at Makkedah with no enemy soldiers pursuing them. No one in that region dared to say anything bad about any of the Israelites.
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And Joshua said, “Open the mouth of the cave and bring out to me these five kings from the cave.”
Then Joshua said, “Remove the stones from the entrance of the cave and bring those five kings to me.”
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And they did so and brought out to him these five kings from the cave: the king of Jerusalem, the king of Hebron, the king of Jarmuth, the king of Lachish, the king of Eglon.
So his soldiers brought out the five kings from the cave. They were the kings of the cities of Jerusalem, Hebron, Jarmuth, Lachish, and Eglon.
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And it happened, when they brought out these kings to Joshua, that Joshua called to every man of Israel and said to the commanders of the men of war, the ones going with him, “Come near, put your feet on the necks of these kings.” So they came near and put their feet on their necks.
When they brought these kings to Joshua, he called together the whole Israelite army. He said to the commanders who fought the battle with him, “Come here and put your feet on the necks of these kings.” So they came and put their feet on the kings’ necks {to show that they had completely defeated them and their armies}.
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And Joshua said to them, “Do not be afraid and do not be dismayed. Be strong and be courageous, because Yahweh will do thus to all of your enemies with whom you {are} fighting.”
Then Joshua said to his commanders, “Yahweh will do the same thing to all the enemies whom you will fight. So you have no reason to be afraid of them. Fight very bravely!”
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And after this Joshua struck them and killed them and hanged them on five trees. And they were hanging on the trees until the evening.
Then Joshua killed the five kings and hanged their bodies on five trees. He left their bodies hanging on the trees until evening.
And it happened at the time of the going {down} of the sun that Joshua commanded, and they took them down from upon the trees and threw them into the cave where they had hidden themselves. And they put great stones over the mouth of the cave, to this same day.
At sunset, Joshua ordered his men to take the bodies down from the trees and throw them into the cave where the kings had hidden. They put large stones at the entrance of the cave. Those stones are still there today.
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And Joshua captured Makkedah on that day and struck it and its king to the mouth of the sword. He devoted them and every soul that {was} in it. He did not leave a survivor. So he did to the king of Makkedah just as he had done to the king of Jericho.
That same day, Joshua’s army captured the city of Makkedah. They completely destroyed that city and its king. They also completely destroyed all of the people and animals in the city. They made sure no one survived. This is just what they had done to the city of Jericho.
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And Joshua and all of Israel with him passed over from Makkedah to Libnah, and he fought with Libnah.
Then Joshua led the whole Israelite army from Makkedah to the city of Libnah and they attacked it.
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And Yahweh also gave it and its king into the hand of Israel. And he struck it and every soul that {was} in it to the mouth of the sword. He did not leave a survivor in it. So he did to its king just as he had done to the king of Jericho.
Yahweh also helped the Israelites conquer this city and its king. The Israelite soldiers killed everyone in the city. They made sure no one survived. They treated the king of Libnah the same way they had treated the king of Jericho.
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And Joshua and all of Israel with him passed over from Libnah to Lachish, and he camped against it and fought with it.
Next, Joshua led the whole Israelite army from Libnah to the city of Lachish. They set up their camp near the city and began their attack.
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And Yahweh gave Lachish into the hand of Israel, and he captured it on the second day and struck it and every soul that {was} in it to the mouth of the sword, according to all that he had done to Libnah.
After one day of fighting, Yahweh helped the Israelites conquer Lachish. They killed everyone in the city, just as they had done to Libnah.
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Then Horam, the king of Gezer, went up to help Lachish, and Joshua struck him and his people until he did not leave to him a survivor.
During this time, King Horam of the city of Gezer brought his army to help Lachish. But Joshua’s army defeated them and killed them all.
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And Joshua and all of Israel with him passed over from Lachish to Eglon, and they camped against it and fought with it.
Then Joshua led the whole Israelite army from Lachish to the city of Eglon. They set up their camp near the city and began their attack.
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And they captured it on that day and struck it to the mouth of the sword, and every soul that {was} in it on that day he devoted, according to all that he had done to Lachish.
They captured Eglon that same day. They killed everyone in the city. They destroyed all the people, just as they had done in Lachish.
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And Joshua and all of Israel with him went up from Eglon to Hebron, and they fought with it.
After this, Joshua led the whole Israelite army up from Eglon to the city of Hebron, and they attacked it.
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And they captured it and struck it and its king and all of its cities and every soul that {was} in it to the mouth of the sword. He did not leave a survivor, according to all that he had done to Eglon. And he devoted it and every soul that {was} in it.
They captured the city and all the nearby towns. They killed everyone, including the king. They made sure no one survived, just as they had done in Eglon.
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And Joshua and all of Israel with him returned to Debir, and he fought with it.
Then Joshua and the whole Israelite army turned back and went to the city of Debir and attacked it.
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And he captured it and its king and all of its cities, and they struck them to the mouth of the sword and devoted every soul that {was} in it. He did not leave a survivor. Just as he had done to Hebron, thus he did to Debir and to its king, and just as he had done to Libnah and to its king.
They captured the city, its king, and all the nearby towns. They killed everyone. They made sure that. No person who lived in that area survived. They did the same things to Debir and its king that they had done to the cities of Hebron and Libnah and their kings.
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And Joshua struck all of the land, the hill country and the Negev and the lowland and the slopes, and all of their kings. He did not leave a survivor. And he devoted every breathing thing, just as Yahweh, the God of Israel, had commanded.
This is how Joshua conquered the whole region. He defeated all the kings and their people in the hill country, the southern desert, the western foothills, and the eastern slopes. He killed everyone in these places, as Yahweh, the God of Israel, had commanded.
And Joshua struck them from Kadesh Barnea and unto Gaza, and all of the land of Goshen and unto Gibeon.
Joshua’s army defeated all the people living in the area from Kadesh Barnea to the city of Gaza, including the region of Goshen all the way to the city of Gibeon.
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And Joshua captured all of these kings and their land at one time, because Yahweh, the God of Israel, fought for Israel.
Joshua defeated all these kings and took control of their territories in a single campaign. He was able to do that because Yahweh, the God of Israel, was fighting for his people.
And Joshua and all of Israel with him returned to the camp at Gilgal.
After this, Joshua and the whole Israelite army returned to their camp at Gilgal.
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And it happened, when Jabin, the king of Hazor, heard, that he sent to Jobab, the king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron and to the king of Achshaph
When King Jabin of the city of Hazor learned what had happened, he sent messages to several other kings. He sent them to King Jobab of the city of Madon, to the king of the city of Shimron, and to the king of the city of Achshaph.
and to the kings who {were} from the north in the hill country and in the Arabah south of Chinnereth and in the lowland and in the heights of Dor from the west,
He also sent messages to the kings who ruled in the northern hill country and to the kings in the Jordan River Valley, south of the lake of Chinnereth; the kings in the low country, and the kings in the western foothills near the city of Dor.
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the Canaanite from the sunrise and from the sea, and the Amorite and the Hittite and the Perizzite and the Jebusite in the hill country, and the Hivite below Hermon in the land of Mizpah.
He sent messages to the Canaanite peoples who lived on both the eastern and western sides of the Jordan River. He also sent them to the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, and Jebusites who lived in the hill country, and to the Hivites who lived near Mount Hermon in the region of Mizpah.
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And they went out, they and all of their camps with them, many people, like the sand that {is} on the shore of the sea for multitude, and a horse and a chariot, very many.
All these kings gathered their armies together to fight. Their soldiers were as numerous as the grains of sand on the seashore. They also brought a great number of horses and chariots with them.
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And all of these kings met together and came and camped together at the waters of Merom to fight with Israel.
All these kings joined their forces and set up their camp together near the lake of Merom, preparing to fight against the Israelites.
And Yahweh said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid from their faces, because tomorrow about this time I will give all of them slain to the face of Israel. You will hamstring their horses and burn their chariots with fire.”
Then Yahweh said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid of these armies, because at about this time tomorrow, I will help you defeat all of them. When you attack them, you must cripple their horses and burn their chariots.”
And Joshua and all of the people of war with him came upon them suddenly at the waters of Merom, and they fell upon them.
So Joshua and his whole army traveled to the lake of Merom and made a surprise attack against their enemies.
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And Yahweh gave them into the hand of Israel, and they struck them and pursued them unto Great Sidon and unto Misrephoth Maim and unto the Valley of Mizpeh from the sunrise. And they struck them until he did not leave to them a survivor.
Yahweh helped the Israelites defeat them. The Israelite army pursued them all the way to the great city of Sidon in the north, to Misrephoth Maim, and to the Valley of Mizpah in the east. The Israelites kept fighting until they had killed all their enemies.
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And Joshua did to them just as Yahweh had said to him. He hamstrung their horses and burned their chariots with fire.
Then Joshua did exactly what Yahweh had told him to do. He crippled their horses and burned their chariots.
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And Joshua returned at that time and captured Hazor and struck its king with the sword, because Hazor, it {was} formerly the head of all of these kingdoms.
After that, Joshua went back and captured the city of Hazor. He killed its king. Hazor was the main city that ruled all the kingdoms that had fought against Israel.
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And they struck every soul that {was} in it to the mouth of the sword, devoting {them}. Not any breathing thing remained. And he burned Hazor with fire.
The Israelite army killed everyone in the city. They made sure that no person survived. Then they burned the city.
And Joshua captured all of the cities of these kings and all of their kings, and he struck them to the mouth of the sword. He devoted them just as Moses, the servant of Yahweh, had commanded.
Joshua’s army captured all these cities and killed all their kings. They destroyed everything that was in the cities. They did exactly what Moses, Yahweh’s servant, had commanded them to do.
Only all of the cities standing on their mound, Israel did not burn, except Hazor alone Joshua burned.
The Israelites did not burn any of the cities that people had built on hills{, because they wanted to live in them}. But Joshua did burn the city of Hazor, even though it was on a hill.
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And all of the plunder of these cities and the livestock, the sons of Israel plundered for themselves. Only every human they struck to the mouth of the sword until they had destroyed them. They did not leave any breathing thing.
The Israelites took for themselves all the valuable things and all the livestock from these cities. But they killed all the people. They did not let any of the people live.
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Just as Yahweh had commanded Moses his servant, thus Moses had commanded Joshua, and thus Joshua did. He did not turn aside a thing from all that Yahweh had commanded Moses.
Moses had passed on to Joshua everything that Yahweh had told him to do. And Joshua carried out all of these commands completely. He did exactly what Yahweh had ordered Moses to do.
And Joshua captured all of this land: the hill country and all of the Negev and all of the land of Goshen and the lowland and the Arabah and the hill country of Israel and its lowland,
Joshua and his army took control of all these regions: the hill country, the southern desert, the whole region around Goshen, the western foothills, the Jordan River Valley, and the mountains of Israel with their foothills.
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from Mount Halak, the one ascending to Seir, and unto Baal Gad in the Valley of Lebanon below Mount Hermon. And he captured all of their kings and struck them and killed them.
They conquered all the land from Mount Halak which rises toward Seir and even as far as the town of Baal Gad in the Valley of Lebanon below Mount Hermon. Joshua captured and killed all the kings of these areas.
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Many days Joshua made war with all of these kings.
Joshua and his army spent many years fighting against all these kings.
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There was not a city that made peace with the sons of Israel except the Hivites, the dwellers of Gibeon. The all, they captured in battle.
Only the people of the city of Gibeon, who were Hivites, agreed to become subjects of the Israelites. The Israelite army had to capture all the other cities by fighting.
For it was from Yahweh to harden their hearts to meet Israel {in} battle in order to devote them, so that there would not be favor for them, but in order to destroy them, just as Yahweh had commanded Moses.
Yahweh led the people in all these cities to want to fight against Israel so that the Israelites would destroy them completely without showing any mercy. This is what Yahweh had commanded Moses to do.
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And Joshua came at that time and cut off the Anakites from the hill country, from Hebron, from Debir, from Anab, and from all of the hill country of Judah, and from all of the hill country of Israel. Joshua devoted them with their cities.
During that time, Joshua’s army went through all the hill country and killed all the descendants of Anak who lived there. They killed them in the cities of Hebron, Debir, and Anab and in every other place in the hills where the tribes of Judah and Israel lived. Joshua’s army destroyed all these people and their cities.
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No Anakites remained in the land of the sons of Israel. They remained only in Gaza, in Gath, and in Ashdod.
No descendants of Anak remained alive in the land of Israel. The only ones who survived lived in the cities of Gaza, Gath, and Ashdod.
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And Joshua captured all of the land according to all that Yahweh had spoken to Moses. And Joshua gave it for an inheritance to Israel according to their divisions, by their tribes. And the land rested from war.
Joshua took control of all the land, just as Yahweh had told Moses to do. Then Joshua gave the land to the Israelites. He assigned each tribe a part of the land that would belong to them. After this, none of the people groups who had been living in the land fought against the Israelites again.
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Now these {are} the kings of the land whom the sons of Israel struck and possessed their land on the other side of the Jordan, from the rising of the sun, from the wadi of Arnon unto Mount Hermon, and all of the Arabah from the sunrise:
While the Israelites were still on the east side of the Jordan River, they defeated the kings who ruled there, and they took their land. This land extended from the Arnon River gorge in the south to Mount Hermon in the north. It included all of the plain on the eastern side of the Jordan.
Sihon, the king of the Amorite, the one dwelling in Heshbon, ruling from Aroer, which {is} on the lip of the wadi of Arnon, and the middle of the wadi and half of Gilead and unto the Jabbok wadi, the border of the sons of Ammon,
{One king they defeated was} Sihon, the king of the Amorites. He lived in the city of Heshbon. He ruled the area {south of Heshbon} as far as the middle of the Arnon River gorge. So his land included the city of Aroer on the edge of that gorge. Sihon ruled the area {north of Heshbon} to the Jabbok River. That river was the boundary between his land and the land of the Ammonites. Sihon also ruled over half of the region of Gilead.
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and the Arabah unto the Sea of Chinnereth from the sunrise and unto the Sea of the Arabah, the Sea of Salt, toward the sunrise, the way of Beth Jeshimoth and from the south below the slopes of Pisgah.
Sihon also ruled over the land on the eastern plain along the Jordan, from the Sea of Chinnereth south to the Sea of Salt. He also ruled over the land east of the Sea of Salt from Beth Jeshimoth south to Mount Pisgah.
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And the border of Og, the king of Bashan, from the remnant of the Raphaites, the one dwelling in Ashtaroth and in Edrei
The other king whom the Israelite army defeated was Og, the king of the region of Bashan. He was the last of the descendants of the giant Raphaites. He lived in the cities of Ashtaroth and Edrei.
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and ruling in Mount Hermon, and in Salekah, and in all of Bashan unto the border of the Geshurite and the Maacathite, and half of Gilead, the border of Sihon, the king of Heshbon.
He ruled over the area from Mount Hermon and Salekah in the north, and over all Bashan in the east, and to the borders of the Geshurites and Maacathites to the west. Og ruled over half of the region of Gilead, as far as the border of the land ruled by Sihon, king of Heshbon.
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Moses, the servant of Yahweh, and the sons of Israel had struck them, and Moses the servant of Yahweh had given it {as} a possession to the Reubenite and to the Gadite and to half of the tribe of Manasseh.
Moses, Yahweh’s servant, and the whole Israelite army had defeated the armies of those kings. Then Moses gave their land to the tribes of Reuben and Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh.
Now these {are} the kings of the land whom Joshua and the sons of Israel struck on the other side of the Jordan, toward the sea, from Baal Gad in the valley of the Lebanon and unto Mount Halak, the one ascending to Seir. And Joshua gave it to the tribes of Israel {as} a possession according to their divisions,
Joshua and the Israelite army also defeated kings who ruled over the land on the west side of the Jordan River. That land was between Baal Gad in the valley near Lebanon to Mount Halak, which goes up to Seir. Joshua gave land to the tribes of Israel for them to possess,
in the hill country, and in the lowland, and in the Arabah, and on the slopes, and in the wilderness, and in the Negev—the Hittite, the Amorite, and the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:
This land included the hill country, the lowlands, the plain along the Jordan, the mountainsides, in the desert, and in the southern Judean wilderness. It had belonged to the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and the Jebusites.
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the king of Jericho, one; the king of Ai, which {is} from the side of Bethel, one;
The kings that the Israelites conquered were those of the following cities: Jericho, Ai (which was near Bethel),
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the king of Jerusalem, one; the king of Hebron, one;
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the king of Jarmuth, one; the king of Lachish, one;
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the king of Eglon, one; the king of Gezer, one;
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the king of Debir, one; the king of Geder, one;
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the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;
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the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;
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the king of Makkedah, one; the king of Bethel, one;
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the king of Tappuah, one; the king of Hepher, one;
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the king of Aphek, one; the king of Lasharon, one;
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the king of Madon, one; the king of Hazor, one;
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the king of Shimron Meron, one; the king of Akshaph, one;
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the king of Taanach, one; the king of Megiddo, one;
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the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one;
Kedesh, Jokneam in the Carmel area,
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the king of Dor in Naphoth Dor, one; the king of Goiim in Gilgal, one;
Dor in the Naphoth Dor area, Goiim in the region of Gilgal,
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the king of Tirzah, one. All of the kings {were} 31.
and Tirzah.
There was a total of thirty-one kings that the Israelite army defeated.
Now Joshua had aged, he had come into days. And Yahweh said to him, “You have aged, you have come into days, and very much land remains to possess it.
When Joshua was very old, Yahweh said to him, “Joshua, you are now an old man, but there is still a lot of land for your army to capture.
This {is} the remaining land: all of the territories of the Philistines, and all of the Geshurite,
Here is a list of the lands you must still capture: The Geshur region and all the area where the Philistines live.
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from Shihor, which {is} at the face of Egypt, and unto the border of Ekron northward (it shall be reckoned to the Canaanite); the five lords of the Philistines: the Gazite and the Ashdodite, the Ashkelonite, the Gathite, and the Ekronite; and the Avvites
Those go as far south as Shihor, the brook that forms a boundary with Egypt. They go as far north as the city of Ekron. Conquer this land as you have conquered the Canaanite lands. Capture the cities that the five rulers of the Philistines govern: Gaza, Ashdod, Ashkelon, Gath, and Ekron. Next, also conquer the land of the Avvites,
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from the south; all of the land of the Canaanite, and Mearah, which {is} to the Sidonians, unto Aphek, unto the border of the Amorite;
who live south of the Philistines and Geshurites. Next, you must also capture the rest of the regions where the Canaanites live. They extend from Arah, which belongs to the Sidonians, to Aphek, near the boundary with the Amorites.
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and the land of the Gebalite; and all of Lebanon from the rising of the sun, from Baal Gad below Mount Hermon unto Lebo Hamath.
Also conquer the land where the Gebalites live and all of Lebanon east of there, from the city of Baal Gad near Mount Hermon to Lebo Hamath.
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All of the dwellers of the hill country, from Lebanon unto Misrephoth Maim, all of the Sidonians, I myself will dispossess them from the face of the sons of Israel. You shall only cause it to fall to Israel as an inheritance, just as I have commanded you.
I will force the people to leave who live in the hill country from Lebanon to Misrephoth Maim, including all the people of the city of Sidon. That way you will be able to live there instead. Your job will be to give that area to the Israelite people when you divide the land among them. That is what I have ordered you to do.
And now divide this land as an inheritance to the nine tribes and half of the tribe of Manasseh.”
Divide all that land among the nine tribes and the half tribe of Manasseh so that it will always belong to them.”
With him the Reubenite and the Gadite had taken their inheritance that Moses had given to them on the other side of the Jordan, toward the sunrise, just as Moses, the servant of Yahweh, had given to them:
Moses had already assigned the rest of the tribe of Manasseh land where it could live. Moses, Yahweh’s servant, had also already assigned land to the tribes of Reuben and Gad on the east side of the Jordan River.
from Aroer, which is on the lip of the wadi of Arnon, and the city that {is} in the middle of the wadi, and all of the plateau of Medeba unto Dibon;
Their lands went as far south as Aroer, which is on the edge of the Arnon River valley. They included the city that is located in the middle of the valley. They also included the whole plateau of Medeba, all the way to the city of Dibon.
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and all of the cities of Sihon, the king of the Amorite, who reigned in Heshbon, unto the border of the sons of Ammon;
These lands also included the cities that Sihon king of the Amorites had ruled. He had reigned in Heshbon. These lands went all the way to the border of the Ammonites.
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and Gilead, and the border of the Geshurite and the Maacathite, and all of Mount Hermon, and all of Bashan unto Salekah,
They included Gilead and the region of the Geshurites and Maacathites, including all of Mount Hermon. They also included all of the region of Bashan as far as the city of Salekah.
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all of the kingdom of Og in Bashan, who reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei. (He remained from the remnant of the Raphaites.) And Moses struck them and dispossessed them.
They also included the whole kingdom of Og within the region of Bashan. He had reigned in the cities of Ashtaroth and Edrei. (Og was the last living descendant of the Rapahites.) Moses had attacked the people who had lived in all of these places, and he forced them to leave.
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But the sons of Israel did not dispossess the Geshurite and the Maacathite. And Geshur and Maacath dwell in the midst of Israel to this day.
However, the Israelites did not force the Geshurites and Maacathites to leave. Instead, these people live with the Israelites even at the present time.
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Only he did not give an inheritance to the tribe of Levi. The burnt offerings of Yahweh, the God of Israel, they are his inheritance, just as he spoke to him.
But Moses did not give the Levites any assignment of land. They were the only tribe that received no land. Yahweh, the God of Israel, told them that the burnt offerings he received{, which provided their food,} would be their possession.
And Moses gave to the tribe of the sons of Reuben according to their clans.
This is the land that Moses assigned to all of the clans of the tribe of Reuben:
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And the border for them was from Aroer, which {is} on the lip of the wadi of Arnon, and the city that {is} in the middle of the wadi, and all of the plateau beside Medeba,
It went as far south as the city of Aroer on the edge of the Arnon River valley. It included the city that is in the middle of the valley. It also included the region of the plateau near Medeba.
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Heshbon and all of its cities that {are} in the plateau, Dibon and Bamoth Baal and Beth Baal Meon
It also included Heshbon and all the cities that were in the plateau. These cities were Dibon, Bamoth Baal, Beth Baal Meon,
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and Jahaz and Kedemoth and Mephaath
Jahaz, Kedemoth, Mephaath,
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and Kiriathai and Sibmah and Zereth Shahar on the hill of the valley
Kiriathaim, Sibmah, and Zereth Shahar, which stands on a hill within the valley.
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and Beth Peor and the slopes of Pisgah and Beth Jeshimoth
Their territory also included Beth Peor, the slopes of Mount Pisgah, Beth Jeshimoth,
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and all of the cities of the plateau, and all of the kingdom of Sihon, the king of the Amorite, who had reigned in Heshbon, whom Moses struck, him and the leaders of Midian: Evi and Rekem and Zur and Hur and Reba, the princes of Sihon, the dwellers of the land.
and all the cities situated along the plateau, and the whole kingdom of Sihon, king of the Amorites. He formerly reigned in the city of Heshbon. Moses defeated Sihon, and he also defeated the leaders of Midian. Their names were Evi, Rekem, Zur, Hur and Reba. The Midianites lived within Sihon’s kingdom, and these leaders served him as vassals.
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And the sons of Israel slew with the sword Balaam, the son of Beor, the diviner, with the slain.
When the Israelites used their swords to kill many of their enemies, they also killed Balaam son of Beor. He was a man who tried to use magic to tell the future.
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And the border of the sons of Reuben was the Jordan and its border. This {is} the inheritance of the sons of Reuben according to their clans, the cities, and their villages.
The border of the people of the tribe of Reuben was the Jordan River. This was the land that Moses gave to the clans of the tribe of Reuben. They lived in the cities and villages there.
And Moses gave to the tribe of Gad, to the sons of Gad according to their clans.
Moses also gave land to the tribe of Gad. He gave each of the clans of the Gadites the land they would need to live on.
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And the border for them was Jazer and all of the cities of Gilead and half of the land of the sons of Ammon, unto Aroer, which {is} at the face of Rabbah,
They lived near Jazer and in all the cities of Gilead. Their land included half of the land where the Ammonites had once lived {before King Sihon took it from them.} Their land went all the way to Aroer, which is a city east of Rabbah.
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and from Heshbon unto Ramath Mizpah and Betonim, and from Mahanaim unto the border of Debir,
Their land extended from Heshbon to Ramath Mizpah and Betonim, all the way to Mahanaim and to the region of Debir.
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and in the valley, Beth Haram and Beth Nimrah and Succoth and Zaphon, the rest of the kingdom of Sihon, the king of Heshbon, the Jordan and the border, unto the end of the Sea of Chinnereth, beyond the Jordan from the sunrise.
Their land was also in the valley. It included the cities of Beth Haram, Beth Nimrah, Succoth, and Zaphon. This was the rest of the kingdom of Sihon, who had ruled from the city of Heshbon. His kingdom had bordered on the Jordan River and extended to the lower end of the Sea of Chinnereth, eastward beyond the Jordan River.
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This is the inheritance of the sons of Gad according to their clans, the cities and their villages.
This is the land that Moses assigned to the clans of the tribe of Gad. They lived in the cities and villages there.
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And Moses gave to half of the tribe of Manasseh, and it was to half of the tribe of the sons of Manasseh according to their clans.
Moses also gave land {on the east side of the Jordan River} to half of the tribe of Manasseh. Moses gave each clan of this half-tribe the land it would need to live on.
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And their border was from Mahanaim, all of Bashan, all of the kingdom of Og, the king of Bashan, and all of the towns of Jair, which {are} in Bashan, 60 cities.
Their territory went as far as Mahanaim. It included the whole region of Bashan, the whole former kingdom of Og king of Bashan, and all the towns of Jair, which are in Bashan. There are sixty cities in that region.
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And half of Gilead, and Ashtaroth and Edrei (the cities of the kingdom of Og in the Bashan), were to the sons of Machir the son of Manasseh, for half of the sons of Machir according to their clans.
Their land also included half of the region of Gilead, as well as the cities of Ashtaroth and Edrei. (People sometimes call those the royal cities of Og in Bashan). Moses gave these lands to the descendants of Machir son of Manasseh. The clans of about half of Machir’s descendants lived there.
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These {are} what Moses caused to inherit in the plains of Moab, from the other side of the Jordan, Jericho from the sunrise.
These were the lands that Moses distributed to those Israelites on the plains of Moab, on the other side of the Jordan River, just east of Jericho.
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But to the tribe of Levi Moses gave no inheritance. Yahweh, the God of Israel, he {is} their inheritance, just as he spoke to them.
But Moses gave no land to the tribe of Levi. Yahweh, the God of Israel, promised them that he would be their inheritance.
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Now these {are} what the sons of Israel inherited in the land of Canaan, which Eleazar the priest and Joshua, the son of Nun, and the heads of the fathers of the tribes of the sons of Israel caused them to inherit.
Here is a description of the areas where the Israelites settled in the land of Canaan. Eleazar the high priest, Joshua, and the family leaders of the Israelite tribes divided the land among them.
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Their inheritance {was} by lot, just as Yahweh had commanded by the hand of Moses, for the nine tribes and the half of a tribe.
They decided what land to give to each of the remaining nine and one-half tribes by casting lots. Yahweh had told Moses to tell them to do it that way, and so they did.
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For Moses had given the inheritance of two tribes and half of a tribe from the other side of the Jordan. But to the Levites he did not give an inheritance in the midst of them.
Moses had given land as a permanent possession to two and a half tribes before Israel crossed over the Jordan River. Moses did not give any land to the tribe of Levi. (Rather than give them part of the land, Moses gave them cities to live in. He also gave them pastureland around those cities for their livestock so they could sustain their families.) Even so, there were nine and a half of the twelve Israelite tribes that still needed land, because the descendants of Joseph had become two tribes, Manasseh and Ephraim. (vv3-4)
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For the sons of Joseph were two tribes, Manasseh and Ephraim. And they gave no portion to the Levites in the land if not cities for dwelling and their pasturelands for their livestock and for their property.
Moses had given land as a permanent possession to two and a half tribes before Israel crossed over the Jordan River. Moses did not give any land to the tribe of Levi. (Rather than give them part of the land, Moses gave them cities to live in. He also gave them pastureland around those cities for their livestock so they could sustain their families.) Even so, there were nine and a half of the twelve Israelite tribes that still needed land, because the descendants of Joseph had become two tribes, Manasseh and Ephraim. (vv3-4)
Just as Yahweh had commanded Moses, so the sons of Israel did. And they divided the land.
The people of Israel did just what Yahweh commanded Moses. They gave out portions of the land as permanent possessions.
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And the sons of Judah came near to Joshua at Gilgal, and Caleb, the son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite, said to him, “You yourself know the word that Yahweh spoke to Moses, the man of God, concerning me and concerning you at Kadesh Barnea.
Some men from the tribe of Judah went to Joshua while he and all the Israelites were at Gilgal. Among those men was Jephunneh’s son Caleb. He said to Joshua, “I am sure that you remember what Yahweh said to the prophet Moses concerning you and me when we were at Kadesh Barnea.
I {was} a son of 40 years when Moses, the servant of Yahweh, sent me from Kadesh Barnea to spy on the land. And I brought back word to him just as {was} in my heart.
I was 40 years old at that time. Moses sent me from Kadesh Barnea with you and some other men to explore this land. When we returned, I gave to Moses an accurate report about what we had seen.
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But my brothers who went up with me made the heart of the people melt. But I myself was full after Yahweh my God.
The other Israelites who went with us gave a report that caused the people to be afraid. But I did everything that Yahweh my God wanted me to do. {I encouraged the people to conquer the land.}
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And Moses swore on that day, saying, ‘If the land on which your foot has trodden will not be for an inheritance for you and for your sons unto forever, for you were full after Yahweh my God.’
That day Moses promised me, ‘The land that you walked on will become yours as your permanent possession. It will always belong to you and your descendants. I promise that it will be yours because you did everything that Yahweh, my God, wanted you to do.’
And now, behold, Yahweh has kept me alive these 45 years, just as he spoke, from when Yahweh spoke this word to Moses when Israel walked in the wilderness. And now, behold, today I am a son of 85 years.
Now Yahweh has done for me what he promised he would do. It has been 45 years since Moses made that promise to me during the time when we Israelites were still in the wilderness. But just as Yahweh promised, he has kept me alive and well all during that time. Look at me! I am now 85 years old.
Still I {am} strong today just as on the day Moses sent me. As {was} my strength then, so {is} my strength now, for war, and for going out and for coming in.
But I am still as strong today as I was on the day that Moses sent me to explore this land. I have the same strength now that I had as a young man. I can still fight wars as a soldier or as a commander.
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And now, give to me this hill country that Yahweh spoke {of} on that day. For you yourself heard on that day that the Anakites {were} there and great fortified cities. Perhaps Yahweh {will be} with me and I will dispossess them, just as Yahweh has spoken.”
So please give me the hill country that Yahweh promised to give to me on that day long ago. At that time, you heard me say that the Anakim lived there. You heard me say that their cities were large and that they had walls around them to protect them. {And that is still true today.} But I hope that Yahweh will help me to force the people there to leave, just as Yahweh promised.”
And Joshua blessed him, and he gave Hebron to Caleb, the son of Jephunneh, for an inheritance.
Then Joshua asked God to bless Caleb the son of Jephunneh. Joshua gave Caleb the city of Hebron as his possession.
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Therefore Hebron is to Caleb, the son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite, for an inheritance to this day, because he was full after Yahweh, the God of Israel.
In this way, Hebron became the permanent possession and the home of Caleb son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite. To this day his descendants live there because Caleb did everything that Yahweh, the God of Israel, wanted him to do.
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(Now the name of Hebron formerly {was} Kiriath Arba. He {was} a great man among the Anakites.) And the land rested from war.
(Now people used to call Hebron Kiriath Arba. Arba had been a very famous Anakite.) No enemies were attacking the Israelites at this time{, so they were able to divide up the land peacefully}.
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Now the lot for the tribe of the sons of Judah according to their clans was to the border of Edom, from the wilderness of Zin southward from the end of the south.
The Israelite leaders assigned land by lot to the clans of the tribe of Judah. In the south, their land extended to the wilderness of Zin at the border of Edom.
And the border of the south for them was from the end of the Sea of Salt, from the tongue turning southward.
Their southern border started at the bay of the Sea of Salt that turns toward the south.
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And it went out to the south to the Ascent of Akrabbim, then it passed over to Zin, then it went up from the south to Kadesh Barnea, then it passed over to Hezron, then it went up to Addar, then it curved around to Karka.
From there, the border of the territory of Judah went southward and up the hill of Akrabbim. It continued along to Zin, and then it went up once more south of Kadesh Barnea, beside Hezron. It went up to Addar and then bent around to Karka.
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And it passed over to Azmon, then it went out {to} the wadi of Egypt, and the goings out of the border {were} seaward. This will be for you the border of the south.
From there it continued past Azmon, and from there it ran beside the brook of Egypt. From there, it turned west to the Great Sea. That was the southern border of the territory of the tribe of Judah.
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And the border eastward {was} the Sea of Salt unto the end of the Jordan. And the border to the side of northward {was} from the tongue of the sea at the end of the Jordan.
Its eastern border was the Sea of Salt, up to where the Jordan River flows into it. Its northern border began at the bay of the Sea of Salt near where the Jordan River flows in.
And the border went up to Beth Hoglah and passed over from the north to Beth Arabah. Then the border went up to the stone of Bohan, the son of Reuben.
The northern border continued from that point and went to Beth Hoglah. From there it went to the north of Beth Arabah until it reached the great stone that Bohan son of Reuben set up.
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Then the border went up to Debir from the Valley of Achor and, turning northward, to Gilgal, which {is} in front of the ascent of Adummim, which {is} from the south of the wadi. Then the border passed over to the waters of En Shemesh, and its goings out were at En Rogel.
From that point, the border went through the Valley of Achor to Debir. From there it turned north again to go to Gilgal. Gilgal is north of the road that goes over the hill of Adummim, on the south side of the river valley. From Gilgal, the border extended west to the springs at En Shemesh until it reached En Rogel.
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And the border went up the valley of Ben Hinnom to the shoulder of the Jebusite from the south (it is Jerusalem). And the border went up to the head of the hill that {is} on the face of the valley of Hinnom, seaward, which {is} at the end of the valley of the Raphaites northward.
From that point, the border went along the south slope of the hill of the city of Jerusalem, where the Jebusites live. The boundary went to the top of the hill on the west side of the Valley of Hinnom, at the northern end of the Valley of Rephaim.
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And the border turned from the head of the hill to the spring of the waters of Nephtoah, and it went out to the cities of Mount Ephron. Then the border turned to Baalah (it is Kiriath Jearim).
From there, the border extended northwest to the top of the hills leading to the spring of Nephtoah. From there, it went to the cities near Mount Ephron. From there, the border extended west toward Baalah. (People now call that city Kiriath Jearim.)
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And the border curved around from Baalah seaward to Mount Seir and passed over to the shoulder of Mount Jearim from the north (it is Chesalon). Then it went down to Beth Shemesh and passed over to Timnah.
Then the border continued west past Baalah to Mount Seir. Then it went southwest along the north side of Mount Jearim. (People also call that Mount Chesalon.) The border then went down to Beth Shemesh, and from there it passed by Timnah.
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And the border went out to the shoulder of Ekron northward. Then the border extended to Shikkeron and passed over {to} Mount Baalah and went out {to} Jabneel. And the goings out of the border were seaward.
The border continued northwest to the hill north of Ekron. From there, it extended west to Shikkeron and past Mount Baalah. It went on to Jabneel and then northwest to the Great Sea.
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And the border of the west {was} the Great Sea and the border. This {is} the border of the sons of Judah all around, according to their clans.
The western border of the territory of the tribe of Judah was the Great Sea. All the clans of Judah lived inside those borders.
And to Caleb, the son of Jephunneh, he gave a portion in the midst of the sons of Judah according to the mouth of Yahweh to Joshua: Kiriath Arba (the father of the Anak, it {is} Hebron).
Yahweh commanded Joshua to give part of the land of the tribe of Judah to Caleb. So Joshua gave Caleb a city that people called Kiriath Arba. They named it after Arba, the ancestor of the Anakites. But people now call that city Hebron.
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And Caleb dispossessed from there the three sons of Anak, Sheshai and Ahiman and Talmai, the children of Anak.
Caleb forced the three clans of the Anak people group to leave Hebron. Those were the Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai clans.
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And he went up from there against the dwellers of Debir. (Now the name of Debir {was} formerly Kiriath Sepher.)
Then Caleb left there and went to fight against the people who were living in Debir. (People used to call that city Kiriath Sepher).
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And Caleb said, “Whoever strikes Kiriath Sepher and captures it, I will give my daughter Aksah to him for a wife.”
Caleb said, “I need someone to lead the attack against Kiriath Sepher and conquer that city. I will allow the man who does that to marry my daughter Aksah.”
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And Othniel, the son of Kenaz, the brother of Caleb, captured it. So he gave his daughter Achsah to him for a wife.
Caleb had a younger brother whose name was Kenaz. Kenaz had a son whose name was Othniel. Othniel commanded the soldiers who captured the city of Kiriath Sepher. So Caleb allowed Othniel to marry his daughter Achsah.
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Now it happened, in the coming of her, that she persuaded him to request the field from her father. And she descended from upon the donkey, and Caleb said to her, “What for you?”
Aksah came {to Kiriath Sepher} to marry Othniel. When she got there, she convinced Othniel to let her ask her father for some land they could farm. She {went to see her father and respectfully} got off the donkey she was riding. Caleb asked her, “What would you like me to do for you?”
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And she said, “Give to me a blessing. Since you have given me land of the Negev, you shall also give to me springs of waters.” So he gave to her the upper springs and the lower springs.
She replied, “Please do a favor for me. You have given {my husband and} me some land in an area where it is very dry. So please also give us some land that has springs on it.” So Caleb gave her some land on higher ground that had a spring and some land on lower ground that had a spring.
This {is} the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Judah according to their clans:
Here is a list of the towns in the land that belonged to the clans of the tribe of Judah.
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Now the cities at the end of the tribe of the sons of Judah, toward the border of Edom in the Negev, were: Kabzeel and Eder and Jagur
The following cities that belonged to the tribe of Judah were in the southern wilderness, near the border of the region of Edom: Kabzeel, Eder, Jagur,
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and Kinah and Dimonah and Adadah
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and Kedesh and Hazor and Ithnan,
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Ziph and Telem and Bealoth
Ziph, Telem, and Bealoth,
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and Hazor Hadattah and Kerioth Hezron (it is Hazor),
Hazor Hadattah, Kerioth Hezron (people also call that city Hazor),
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Amam and Shema and Moladah
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and Hazar Gaddah and Heshmon and Beth Pelet
Hazar Gaddah, Heshmon, Beth Pelet,
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and Hazar Shual and Beersheba and Biziothiah,
Hazar Shual, Beersheba, Biziothiah,
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and Eltolad and Kesil and Hormah
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and Ziklag and Madmannah and Sansannah
Ziklag, Madmannah, Sansannah,
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and Lebaoth and Shilhim and Ain and Rimmon. All of the cities {were} 29 and their villages.
Lebaoth, Shilhim, Ain, and Rimmon. There were these 29 cities in the southern part of the territory of Judah. The people of Judah lived in them and in their surrounding villages,
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In the lowlands: Eshtaol and Zorah and Ashnah
The following cities were in the northern part of the western foothills within the territory of Judah: Eshtaol, Zorah, Ashnah,
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and Zanoah and En Gannim, Tappuah and Enam,
Zanoah, En Gannim, Tappuah, Enam,
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Jarmuth and Adullam, Sokoh and Azekah
Jarmuth, Adullam, Sokoh, Azekah,
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and Shaaraim and Adithaim and Gederah and Gederothaim: 14 cities and their villages;
Shaaraim, Adithaim, and Gederah. (People also call that city Gederothaim). These were the 14 cities in that area. The people of Judah lived in them and in their surrounding villages.
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Zenan and Hadashah and Migdal Gad
The following cities were in the southern part of the western foothills within the territory of Judah: Zenan, Hadashah, Migdal Gad,
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and Dilean and Mizpah and Joktheel,
Dilean, Mizpah, Joktheel,
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Lachish and Bozkath and Eglon
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and Kabbon and Lahmas and Kitlish
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and Gederoth, Beth Dagon and Naamah and Makkedah: 16 cities and their villages;
Gederoth, Bethdagon, Naamah, and Makkedah. These were the 16 cities in that area. The people of Judah lived in them and in their surrounding villages.
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Libnah and Ether and Ashan
The following cities were in the central part of the western foothills within the territory of Judah: Libnah, Ether, Ashan,
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and Iphtah and Ashnah and Nezib
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and Keilah and Akzib and Maresha: nine cities and their villages;
Keilah, Aczib, and Mareshah. These were the nine cities in that area. The people of Judah lived in them and in their surrounding villages.
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Ekron and its daughters and its villages;
Judah’s territory also included the city of Ekron and its surrounding towns and villages.
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from Ekron and to the sea, all that {were} on the hand of Ashdod and their villages;
From Ekron to the Great Sea, Judah’s territory also included all the settlements near the city of Ashdod, including their villages.
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Ashdod, its daughters, and its villages; Gaza, its daughters, and its villages, unto the wadi of Egypt and the Great Sea and the border.
Judah’s territory also included the city of Ashdod itself. And its surrounding towns and villages. It also included the city of Gaza and its surrounding towns and villages. It included all of the land down to the brook of Egypt and to the Great Sea. The border followed the coastline.
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And in the hill country: Shamir and Jattir and Sokoh
The following cities were in the southwestern part of the hill country within the territory of Judah: Shamir, Jattir, Sokoh,
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and Dannah and Kiriath Sannah (it is Debir)
Dannah, Kiriath Sannah (people also call that city Debir),
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and Anab and Eshtemoh and Anim
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and Goshen and Holon and Giloh: 11 cities and their villages;
Goshen, Holon, and Giloh. These were the 11 cities in that area. The people of Judah lived in them and in their surrounding villages.
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The following cities were in the south central part of the hill country within the territory of Judah: Arab, Dumah, Eshan,
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and Janim and Beth Tappuah and Aphekah
Janim, Beth Tappuah, Aphekah,
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and Humtah and Kiriath Arba (it is Hebron) and Zior: nine cities and their villages;
Humtah, Kiriath Arba (now called Hebron), and Zior. These were the nine cities in that area. The people of Judah lived in them and in their surrounding villages.
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Maon, Carmel and Ziph and Juttah
The following cities were in the southeastern part of the hill country within the territory of Judah: Maon, Carmel, Ziph, Juttah,
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and Jezreel and Jokdeam and Zanoah,
Jezreel, Jokdeam, Zanoah,
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Kain, Gibeah, and Timnah: ten cities and their villages;
Kain, Gibeah, and Timnah. These were the ten cities in that area. The people of Judah lived in them and in their surrounding villages.
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Halhul, Beth Zur and Gedor
The following cities were in the central part of the hill country within the territory of Judah: Halhul, Beth Zur, Gedor,
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and Maarath and Beth Anoth and Eltekon: six cities and their villages;
Maarath, Beth Anoth, and Eltekon. These were the six cities in that area. The people of Judah lived in them and in their surrounding villages.
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Kiriath Baal (it is Kiriath Jearim) and Rabbah: two cities and their villages.
The following two cities and their villages were in the northern part of the hill country within the territory of Judah: Rabbah and Kiriath Baal. (People also call that city Kiriath Jearim).
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In the wilderness: Beth Arabah, Middin and Secacah
The following cities were in the desert near the Sea of Salt within the territory of Judah: Beth Arabah, Middin, Secacah,
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and Nibshan and the City of Salt and En Gedi; six cities and their villages.
Nibshan, the City of Salt, and En Gedi. These were the six cities in that area. The people of Judah lived in them and in their surrounding villages.
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But the Jebusite, the dwellers of Jerusalem, the sons of Judah were not able to dispossess them, so the Jebusite has dwelled with the sons of Judah in Jerusalem to this day.
However, the army of the tribe of Judah was not able to force the Jebusites who were living Jerusalem to leave. So the Jebusites are still living among the people of Judah in Jerusalem today.
And a lot was for the tribe of Manasseh. (Now he was the firstborn of Joseph.) For Machir, the firstborn of Manasseh, the father of Gilead, because he was a man of war, so to him were Gilead and Bashan.
This is a description of the land that the Israelite leaders gave to the tribe of Manasseh, the descendants of the oldest son of Joseph. Manasseh’s oldest son was Machir, and his grandson was Gilead. Their descendants were great soldiers, so Moses gave them land that they conquered in the regions of Gilead and Bashan.
And it was for the remaining sons of Manasseh, according to their clans, for the sons of Abiezer and for the sons of Helek and for the sons of Asriel and for the sons of Shechem and for the sons of Hepher and for the sons of Shemida. These {were} the sons of Manasseh, the son of Joseph, the males according to their clans.
The Israelite leaders gave land on the west side of the Jordan River to the other clans that were descendants of Manasseh. The were the clans of Abiezer, Helek, Asriel, Shechem, Hepher, and Shemida. Manasseh was a son of Joseph, and those were the names of his male descendants.
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Now regarding Zelophehad, the son of Hepher, the son of Gilead, the son of Machir, the son of Manasseh, no sons were to him, if not daughters. And these {were} the names of his daughters: Mahlah and Noah, Hoglah, Milkah and Tirzah.
There was a man whose name was Zelophehad. His father was Hepher, his grandfather was Gilead, his great-grandfather was Machir, and his great-great-grandfather was Manasseh. Zelphehad had no sons. He only had daughters. Their names were Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milkah, and Tirzah.
And they came near to the face of Eleazar the priest, and to the face of Joshua the son of Nun, and to the face of the leaders, saying, “Yahweh commanded Moses to give to us an inheritance in the midst of our brothers.” And he gave to them according to the mouth of Yahweh an inheritance in the midst of the brothers of their father.
These women went to speak with Eleazar the high priest, to Joshua, and to the other Israelite leaders. They told them, “We want you to give us some land just as you have given to the men in our tribe. Yahweh told Moses that he should give to us some land.” So Eleazar did what Yahweh had commanded. He gave some land to the daughters of Zelophehad, just as he had done for their uncles.
So ten portions of Manasseh fell, apart from the land of Gilead and Bashan, which {were} from the other side of the Jordan.
So the tribe of Manasseh eventually had ten sections of land west of the Jordan River and two sections on the east side of the Jordan River in Gilead and Bashan.
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For the daughters of Manasseh inherited an inheritance in the midst of his sons. And the land of the Gilead was for the remaining sons of Manasseh.
That was because the Israelite leaders gave land on the west side of the Jordan River to these female descendants of Manasseh, just as they had given to his male descendants The leaders had also given land in the region of Gilead to other descendants of Manasseh.
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And the border of Manasseh was from Asher to Mikmethath, which {is} on the face of Shechem. And the border went to the right to the dwellers of En Tappuah.
The land that the leaders gave to the tribe of Manasseh was between the land where the tribe of Asher lives and the town of Mikmethath, which is near the city of Shechem. The border of this land extended south to the spring of Tappuah.
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(The land of Tappuah was to Manasseh, but Tappuah at the border of Manasseh {was} to the sons of Ephraim.)
The land near the city of Tappuah belonged to the tribe of Manasseh. But Tappuah itself was on the border with the tribe of Ephraim, and in fact it belonged to the Ephraimites.
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And the border went down {to} the wadi of Kanah. Southward of the wadi, these cities {were} to Ephraim, in the midst of the cities of Manasseh. And the border of Manasseh {was} from the north of the wadi, and its goings out were seaward.
The border extended south to the brook of Kanah. All the cities south of that stream belonged to the tribe of Ephraim. The border of Manasseh was on the north side of the brook of Kanah. It extended to the Great Sea.
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Southward {was} to Ephraim, and northward {was} to Manasseh, and the sea was its border. And it met with Asher from the north and with Issachar from the sunrise.
The land to the south belonged to the tribe of Ephraim, and the land to the north belonged to the tribe of Manasseh. The Great Sea was Manasseh’s border. The tribe of Asher was on the north side of the boundary, while the tribe of Issachar was to the east.
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And to Manasseh in Issachar and in Asher {were} Beth Shan and its daughters and Ibleam and its daughters and the dwellers of Dor and its daughters and the dwellers of En Dor and its daughters and the dwellers of Taanach and its daughters and the dwellers of Megiddo and its daughters, the three of a height.
But there were cities inside the territory of the tribes of Issachar and Asher that belonged to people from the tribe of Manasseh. So did the towns around these cities. These cities were Beth Shan, Ibleam, Dor, Endor, Taanach, and Megiddo. Those last three cities are in the hilly area around the city of Dor.
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But the sons of Manasseh were not able to possess these cities, for the Canaanite was determined to dwell in this land.
The men of the tribe of Manasseh were not able to force the people who lived in those cities to leave. The Canaanite people resisted them and continued to live in their land.
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Now it happened, when the sons of Israel became strong, that they put the Canaanite to forced labor. But dispossessing, they did not dispossess him.
When the people of Israel became strong enough, they forced those Canaanites to work for them as slaves. But they were not able to take their land away from them.
And the sons of Joseph spoke with Joshua, saying, “Why have you given to me {as} an inheritance one lot and one portion, when I {am} a numerous people, since Yahweh has blessed me unto now?”
Some representatives of the descendants of Joseph (that is, of the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh) came to speak with Joshua. They told him, “Yahweh has blessed us by giving us many children. So you should have given us more than one small portion of land to live on.”
And Joshua said to them, “If you {are} a numerous people, go up for yourself to the forest, and you shall clear for yourself there in the land of the Perizzite and the Raphaites, for the hill country of Ephraim is narrow to you.”
Joshua replied to them, “As you say, there is probably not enough room for you in the hill country we have assigned you. But since you do have a lot of people, you can also occupy the land where the Perizzites and the Raphaites now live. You can go up to that forest area and cut down trees to clear fields where you can plant your crops.”
But the sons of Joseph said, “The hill country is not enough for us, and a chariot of iron {is} with every Canaanite, the dweller in the land of the valley, to {those} who {are} in Beth Shan and its daughters and to {those} who {are} in the valley of Jezreel.”
The representatives of the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh answered, “The hill country is not big enough for us. But we cannot spread out into the plain because of the Canaanites who live there. The Canaanites in Beth Shan and the surrounding towns have chariots that have iron parts.”
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And Joshua spoke to the house of Joseph, to Ephraim and to Manasseh, saying, “You {are} a numerous people and great power {is} to you. There will not be one lot to you.
Joshua replied further to these representatives of the descendants of Joseph, that is, of the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh. He told them, “Your people are indeed very numerous and very powerful. So I will give you some more land.
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For the hill country will be to you, though it {is} a forest, and you shall clear it, and its goings out will be to you. For you will dispossess the Canaanite, though a chariot of iron is to him, though he {is} strong.”
The hill country will also belong to you. You will have to cut down the trees in order to clear fields where you can plant crops. But all of that land will belong to you. I also believe that you will be able to force the Canaanites to leave the plain so you can live there. You will be able to do that even though they are strong and have chariots that have iron parts.”
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Then all of the congregation of the sons of Israel assembled at Shiloh, and they placed the Tent of Meeting there. And the land was subdued to their face.
Since no people groups were fighting against the Israelites any longer, they were able to meet together. They gathered at the city of Shiloh, and there they set up the tent where they worshiped Yahweh.
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And seven tribes remained among the sons of Israel {to} which they had not divided their inheritance.
Now seven of the Israelite tribes had not yet occupied any land.
And Joshua said to the sons of Israel, “Unto when will you slacken yourselves to enter to possess the land that Yahweh, the God of your fathers, has given to you?
Joshua said to the people of those seven tribes, “Yahweh, the God whom your ancestors worshiped, has promised to give to you land. So you should not delay going into that land and occupying it.
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Provide for yourselves three men to a tribe. And I will send them, and they shall arise and walk about in the land and write it down according to the mouth of their inheritance, and they shall come to me.
Choose three men from each of your seven tribes. I will send them out to explore the parts of the land that no tribe has occupied yet. They are to write a description of seven different regions that will become the territories of your seven tribes. Then they are to bring the description back to me.
And they shall divide it among themselves into seven divisions. Judah will stand on its border from the south, and the house of Joseph will stand on their border from the north.
They will divide the remaining land into seven parts. The tribe of Judah will keep its land in the south, and the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh will keep their land in the north.
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And you shall write down the land {in} seven divisions and bring them to me here. And I will throw a lot for you here to the face of Yahweh our God.
But in their report, the men from the seven tribes should describe how we can divide the remaining land into seven parts. They will bring the report to me. Then, while Yahweh our God is watching, I will cast lots to decide which part should be assigned to each tribe.
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But no division {will be} within you for the Levites, because the priesthood of Yahweh {is} their inheritance. And Gad and Reuben and half of the tribe of Manasseh have received their inheritance from the other side of the Jordan toward the sunrise, which Moses, the servant of Yahweh, gave to them.”
But I will not assign any land to the tribe of Levi. Instead, their reward is to be Yahweh’s priests. And the tribes of Gad and Reuben and half of the tribe of Manasseh have already received land on the east side of the Jordan River. Moses, Yahweh’s servant, gave it to them.”
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And the men arose and went. And Joshua commanded the going ones to write down the land, saying, “Go and walk about in the land and write it down and return to me. And here I will throw a lot for you to the face of Yahweh in Shiloh.”
When the men the tribes had chosen got ready to leave, Joshua told them, “Go and explore the land. Then write a report of what you have seen and bring it back to me. Then, while Yahweh is watching, I will cast lots here at Shiloh to determine what area each tribe will receive.”
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And the men went and passed over in the land, and they wrote it down upon a scroll according to the cities in seven divisions. And they came to Joshua, to the camp {at} Shiloh.
So the men left and walked through the land that no tribe had yet occupied. Then they described in a scroll each of the seven parts into which they would divide the land. They listed the cities in each part of the land. Then they returned to Joshua, who was still at Shiloh.
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And Joshua threw a lot for them in Shiloh to the face of Yahweh. And there Joshua divided the land to the sons of Israel according to their divisions.
{Joshua read their report. Then,} while Yahweh was watching, he cast lots at Shiloh to decide which parts of the land would belong to each of the seven Israelite tribes.
And the lot of the tribe of the sons of Benjamin according to their clans came up. And the border of their lot went out between the sons of Judah and between the sons of Joseph.
The lot selected the clans of the tribe of Benjamin to receive the first part of the land. This part was between the territory of the tribe of Judah and the territory of the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh.
And the border for them to the mouth northward was from the Jordan. And the border went up to the shoulder of Jericho from the north, then it went up in the hill country seaward. And its goings out were from the wilderness {at} Beth Aven.
Its northern border started at the Jordan River and extended west, along the northern side of Jericho, into the hill country. From there the border extended farther west to the wilderness near Beth Aven.
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And the border passed over from there toward Luz, to the shoulder of Luz southward (it {is} Bethel). And the border went down {to} Ataroth Addar, beside the mountain that {is} from the south to Lower Beth Horon.
From there it extended to Luz and went south of that city. (People now call that city Bethel). From there it went down to Ataroth Addar, which is on the hill south of Lower Beth Horon.
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And the border turned and curved to the mouth of the sea southward from the mountain that {is} on the face of Beth Horon southward. And its goings out were at Kiriath Baal (it {is} Kiriath Jearim, a city of the sons of Judah). This {was} the mouth of the sea.
Then, from the hill opposite the south side of the city of Beth Horon, the western side of the border turned and extended south to Kiriath Baal. (People now call that town Kiriath Jearim. People from the tribe of Judah live there.) That was the western border.
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And the mouth southward was from the end of Kiriath Jearim. And the border went out seaward and went out to the spring of the waters of Nephtoah.
The southern border of their land started near Kiriath Jearim and extended west to the springs of Nephtoah.
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And the border went down to the end of the mountain that {is} on the face of the Valley of Ben Hinnom, which {is} in the valley of the Raphaites northward. And it went down the Valley of Hinnom to the shoulder of the Jebusite southward, then it went down {to} En Rogel.
From there, it extended down to the bottom of the hill near the Valley of Ben Hinnom, on the north side of the Valley of the Raphaites. The border then extended down along the Hinnom Valley, south of the city where the Jebusites lived, to En Rogel.
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Then it turned from the north and went out {to} En Shemesh. Then it went out to Geliloth, which {is} opposite the ascent of Adummim. Then it went down to the stone of Bohan, the son of Reuben.
From there the border went north to En Shemesh and continued to Geliloth near the hill of Adummim. Then it extended to the big stone that Reuben’s son Bohan set up.
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And it passed over to the shoulder of the front of the Arabah northward and went down to the Arabah.
From there the border extended to the northern edge of Beth Arabah and down into the plain along the Jordan.
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And the border passed over to the shoulder of Beth Hoglah northward. And the goings out of the border {were} at the tongue of the Sea of Salt northward, at the end of the Jordan southward. This was the border of the south.
From there, it extended east to the northern edge of Beth Hoglah and ended at the north end of the Sea of Salt, where the Jordan River flows into that sea. That was the boundary on the south.
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And the Jordan borders it to the mouth eastward. This {was} the inheritance of the sons of Benjamin according to their clans, according to its borders all around.
The Jordan River was the eastern boundary. These were the borders all round the territory of the clans of the tribe of Benjamin.
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And the cities of the tribe of the sons of Benjamin according to their clans were Jericho and Beth Hoglah and Emek Keziz
In the eastern part of their territory, the clans of the tribe of Benjamin lived in these cities: Jericho, Beth Hoglah, Emek Keziz,
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and Beth Arabah and Zemaraim and Bethel
Beth Arabah, Zemaraim, Bethel,
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and Avvim and Parah and Ophrah
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and Kephar Ammoni and Ophni and Geba: 12 cities and their villages;
Kephar Ammoni, Ophni, and Geba. The people of Benjamin lived in these 12 cities and their villages.
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Gibeon and Ramah and Beeroth
In the western part of their territory, the people of Benjamin lived in these cities: Gibeon, Ramah, Beeroth,
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and Mizpah and Kephirah and Mozah
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and Rekem and Irpeel and Taralah
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and Zelah, Haeleph, and the Jebusite (it {is} Jerusalem), Gibeah, Kiriath: 14 cities and their villages. This {was} the inheritance of the sons of Benjamin according to their clans.
Zelah, Haeleph, Jebus (the city where the Jebusites lived, which people now call Jerusalem), Gibeah, and Kiriath. The people of Benjamin lived in these 14 cities and their villages. The clans of the tribe of Benjamin received this land and these cities as a permanent possession.
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And the second lot came out for Simeon, for the tribe of the sons of Simeon according to their clans. And their inheritance was in the midst of the inheritance of the sons of Judah.
Then Joshua threw the lot again, and this time it selected the clans of the tribe of Simeon to receive the second part of the land. The land Joshua gave them was in the middle of Judah’s territory.
And in their inheritance was to them Beersheba and Sheba and Moladah
Simeon’s territory included the following cities: Beer Sheba, Sheba, Moladah,
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and Hazar Shual and Balah and Ezem
Hazar Shual, Balah, Ezem,
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and Eltolad and Bethul and Hormah
Eltolad, Bethul, and Hormah.
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and Ziklag and Beth Markaboth and Hazar Susah
Simeon’s land also included the cities of Ziklag, Beth Markaboth. Hazarsusah,
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and Beth Lebaoth and Sharuhen: 13 cities and their villages;
Beth Lebaoth, and Sharuhen. There were 13 cities, together with their surrounding villages.
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Ain, Rimmon and Ether and Ashan: four cities and their villages;
The land that Joshua assigned to the tribe of Simeon also included the four cities of Ain, Rimmon, Ether, and Ashan and their surrounding villages.
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and all of the villages that {were} around these cities unto Baalath Beer (Ramah of the Negev). This {was} the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Simeon according to their clans.
It also included some villages in an area that extended south to Baalath Beer. (People also call that city Ramah of the Negev.) This was the land that Joshua assigned to the clans of the tribe of Simeon.
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From the portion of the sons of Judah {was} the inheritance of the sons of Simeon. For the division of the sons of Judah was {too} great for them, so the sons of Simeon inherited in the midst of their inheritance.
The leaders of Israel had assigned more land to the tribe of Judah than it needed, so they gave part of that land to the tribe of Simeon.
And the third lot came up for the sons of Zebulun according to their clans. And the border of their inheritance was unto Sarid.
Then Joshua threw the lot again, and this time it selected the clans of the tribe of Zebulun to receive the third part of the land. Its southern border started at Sarid.
And their border went up toward the sea and Maralah, and it met with Dabbesheth and met with the wadi that {is} on the face of Jokneam.
It extended west to Maralah and on to Dabbesheth, and then it extended to the brook in front of the city of Jokneam.
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And it turned eastward from Sarid, {toward} the rising of the sun, upon the border of Kisloth Tabor. And it went out to Daberath and went up {to} Japhia.
The border turned to the east from Sarid and went to the area near Chisloth Tabor. Then it went on to Daberath and farther on to Japhia.
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And from there it passed over eastward, toward the sunrise, {to} Gath Hepher, {to} Eth Kazin. And it went out {to} Rimmon, being turned {toward} Neah.
From there, it extended east to Gath Hepher and Eth Kazin and north to Rimmon. From there, the border turned toward Neah.
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And the border went around it from the north of Hannathon, and its goings out were {at} the Valley of Iphtah El.
From Neah, the border extended south to Hannathon, and from there it went to the Valley of Iphtah El.
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And Kattath and Nahalal and Shimron and Idalah and Bethlehem: 12 cities and their villages.
Zebulun’s territory included the cities of Kattath, Nahalal, Shimron, Idalah, and Bethlehem. Altogether there were 12 cities, together with their surrounding villages.
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This {was} the inheritance of the sons of Zebulun according to their clans, these cities, and their villages.
That was the land that Joshua allotted to the clans of the tribe of Zebulun, including the cities and their surrounding villages.
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The fourth lot came out for Issachar, for the sons of Issachar according to their clans.
Then Joshua threw the lot again, and this time it selected the clans of the tribe of Issachar to receive the fourth part of the land.
And their border {was} Jezreel and Chesulloth and Shunem
Their land included the cities of Jezreel, Kesulloth, Shunem,
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and Hapharaim and Shion and Anaharath
Hapharaim, Shion, and Anaharath.
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and Rabbith and Kishion and Ebez
Issachar’s land also included the cities of Rabbith, Kishion, Ebez,
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and Remeth and En Gannim and En Haddah and Beth Pazzez.
Remeth, En Gannim, En Haddah, and Beth Pazzez.
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And the border met with Tabor and Shahazumah and Beth Shemesh. And the goings out of their border were {at} the Jordan: 16 cities and their villages.
The border of Issachar’s territory was close to the cities of Tabor, Shahazumah, and Beth Shemesh. It ended in the east at the Jordan River. Altogether there were 16 cities, together with their surrounding villages.
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This {was} the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Issachar according to their clans, their cities, and their villages.
Those were the cities and surrounding villages in the land that Joshua assigned to the clans of the tribe of Issachar.
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And the fifth lot came out for the tribe of the sons of Asher according to their clans.
Then Joshua threw the lot again, and this time it selected the clans of the tribe of Asher to receive the fifth part of the land.
And their border {was} Helkath and Hali and Beten and Akshaph
Their land included the cities of Helkath, Hali, Beten, Akshaph,
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and Allammelek and Amad and Mishall. And it met with Carmel seaward and with Shihor Libnath.
Allammelek, Amad, and Mishal. The western border started at Mount Carmel and Shihor Libnath.
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And it turned {toward} the rising of the sun {to} Beth Dagon, and it met with Zebulun and with the Valley of Iphtah El northward, {to} Beth Emek and Neiel. And it went out to Cabul from the left,
From there it extended southeast to the city of Beth Dagon until it reached the territory of tribe of Zebulun at the Valley of Iphtah El. From there, the border extended north to Beth Emek and Neiel and Cabul.
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and Abdon and Rehob and Hammon and Kanah, unto Great Sidon.
From there, it extended west to the cities of Abdon, Rehob, Hammon, and Kanah and then continued to Great Sidon.
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And the border turned {toward} Ramah and unto the city of fortification of Tyre. Then the border turned {to} Hosah, and its goings out were seaward, from the portion of Akzib
From Sidon, the border extended south toward Ramah and to the city of Tyre, which had strong walls around it. From there, the border extended west to Hosah. It ended at the Great Sea, in the region of Aczib.
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and Ummah and Aphek and Rehob: 22 cities and their villages.
The territory of Asher included the cities of Ummah, Aphek, and Rehob. Altogether there were 22 cities, together with their surrounding villages.
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This was the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Asher according to their clans, these cities, and their villages.
Those cities and their villages were within the land that Joshua assigned to the clans of the tribe of Asher.
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The sixth lot came out for the sons of Naphtali, for the sons of Napthali according to their clans.
Then Joshua threw the lot again, and this time it selected the clans of the tribe of Naphtali to receive the sixth part of the land.
And their border was from Heleph, from the oak in Zaanannim, and Adami Nekeb and Jabneel, unto Lakkum. And its goings out were {at} the Jordan.
The border of Naphtali’s land started in the west at the huge oak tree at Zaanannim, near the city of Heleph. It extended east through Adami Nekeb and Jabneel. It then went to Lakkum, and it ended at the Jordan River.
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And the border turned seaward {to} Aznoth Tabor and went out from there {to} Hukkoh. And it met with Zebulun from the south, and it met with Asher from the sea and with Judah {at} the Jordan {toward} the rising of the sun.
The western boundary extended through Aznoth Tabor as far as Hukkok. It extended to the borders of the tribe of Zebulun at the south, to the border of the tribe of Asher on the west, and to the border of the tribe of Judah at the Jordan River to the east.
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And the cities of fortification {were} Ziddim, Zer and Hammath, Rakkath and Chinnereth
Within Naphtali’s territory, there were many cities that had strong walls around them. These cities were Ziddim, Zer, Hammath, Rakkath, Chinnereth,
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and Adamah and Ramah and Hazor
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and Kedesh and Edrei and En Hazor
Kedesh, Edrei, and En Hazor.
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and Yiron and Migdal El, Horem and Beth Anath and Beth Shemesh: 19 cities and their villages.
Naphtali’s cities with strong walls also included Yiron, Migdal El, Horem, Beth Anath, and Beth Shemesh. Altogether there were 19 cities, together with their surrounding villages.
This was the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Naphtali according to their clans, the cities, and their villages.
Those cities and surrounding villages were in the land that Joshua assigned to the clans of the tribe of Naphtali.
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The seventh lot came out for the tribe of the sons of Dan according to their clans.
Then Joshua threw the lot again, and this time it selected the clans of the tribe of Dan to receive the seventh part of the land.
And the border of their inheritance was Zorah and Eshtaol and Ir Shemesh
Their land included the cities of Zorah, Eshtaol, Ir Shemesh,
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and Shaalabbin and Aijalon and Ithlah
Shaalabbin, Aijalon, and Ithlah.
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and Elon and Timnah and Ekron
Dan’s land also included the cities of Elon, Timnah, Ekron,
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and Eltekeh and Gibbethon and Baalath
Eltekeh, Gibbethon, Baalath,
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and Jehud and Bene Berak and Gath Rimmon
Jehud, Beneberak, Gath Rimmon,
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and Me Jarkon and Rakkon with the border in front of Joppa.
Me Jarkon, Rakkon, and the area near Joppa.
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But the border of the sons of Dan went out from them. So the sons of Dan went up and fought with Leshem and captured it, and they struck it to the mouth of the sword. And they possessed it and settled in it and called {it} Leshem Dan, like the name of their father Dan.
But the people of the tribe of Dan were not able to take control of the whole land that Joshua assigned to them. So they went northeast and fought against the people who lived in the city of Leshem. They defeated and killed all those people. Then they settled in that city. They changed its name to Leshem Dan. Dan was the name of the ancestor of their tribe.
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This {was} the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Dan according to their clans, these cities and their villages.
All of those cities and surrounding villages were in the land that Joshua assigned to the clans in the tribe of Dan.
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And they finished inheriting the land according to its borders. And the sons of Israel gave an inheritance to Joshua the son of Nun in the midst of them.
After the Israelite leaders had divided the land among the tribes, they also assigned some land to Joshua.
Upon the mouth of Yahweh, they gave to him the city that he requested, Timnath Serah in the hill country of Ephraim. And he built the city and dwelled in it.
They gave him the city of Timnath Serah to live in. Yahweh had said that he could have whatever city he wanted, and that was the city he chose. It was in the hill country in the territory of the tribe of Ephraim. Joshua repaired the city and lived there.
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These {are} the inheritances that Eleazar the priest and Joshua, the son of Nun, and the heads of the fathers of the tribes of the sons of Israel gave as an inheritance by lot in Shiloh to the face of Yahweh at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting. And they finished from dividing the land.
Those were the areas that the Israelite leaders assigned to the various tribes. The high priest Eleazar, Joshua son of Nun, and the leaders of each tribe divided up the land while they were all at Shiloh. They cast lots to decide which area each tribe would receive. They did that at the entrance of the sacred tent while Yahweh was watching. In that way they completed dividing up the land.
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And the heads of the fathers of the Levites came near to Eleazar the priest and to Joshua, the son of Nun, and to the heads of the fathers of the tribes of the sons of Israel.
The family leaders of the Levite clans came to Shiloh to speak with Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun, and the family leaders of the Israelite tribes.
And they spoke to them in Shiloh in the land of Canaan, saying, “Yahweh commanded by the hand of Moses to give to us cities to dwell in, with their pasturelands for our livestock.”
There in Shiloh, west of the Jordan River, they said to them, “Yahweh told Moses that you should give us cities where we can live and where our animals can graze.”
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And the sons of Israel gave to the Levites from their inheritance these cities and their pasturelands, upon the mouth of Yahweh.
So the Israelites obeyed this command from Yahweh. They gave some cities and the surrounding fields to the tribe of Levi out of their own lands that their leaders had assigned to them.
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And the lot came out for the clans of the Kohathite. And for the sons of Aaron the priest, from the Levites, there were 13 cities by the lot from the tribe of Judah and from the tribe of the Simeonite and from the tribe of Benjamin.
First, the Israelite leaders cast lots to assign some cities to the Levites from the clan of Kohath who were priests because they were descendants of Aaron. The leaders assigned 13 cities to them within the territories of the tribes of Judah, Simeon, and Benjamin.
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And for the remaining sons of Kohath, ten cities by the lot from the clans of the tribe of Ephraim and from the tribe of Dan and from half of the tribe of Manasseh.
To the other Levites from the clan of Kohath, the Israelite leaders assigned ten cities within the territories of the tribes of Ephraim, Dan, and the part of the tribe of Manasseh that lived on the west side of the Jordan River.
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And for the sons of Gershon, 13 cities by the lot from the clans of the tribe of Issachar and from the tribe of Asher and from the tribe of Naphtali and from the half of the tribe of Manasseh in Bashan.
To the Levites from the clan of Gershon, the Israelite leaders assigned 13 cities within the territories of the tribes of Issachar, Asher, Naphtali, and the half tribe of Manasseh in the region of Bashan.
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For the sons of Merari according to their clans, 12 cities from the tribe of Reuben and from the tribe of Gad and from the tribe of Zebulun.
To the Levites from the clan of Merari, the Israelite leaders assigned 12 cities within the territories of the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and Zebulun.
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And the sons of Israel gave these cities and their pasturelands to the Levites by the lot, just as Yahweh had commanded by the hand of Moses.
In this way, the Israelite leaders assigned these cities and the surrounding fields to the people of the tribe of Levi. That was just what Yahweh had told Moses they should do.
And from the tribe of the sons of Judah and from the tribe of the sons of Simeon they gave these cities, which one calls them by name.
These are the names of the cities that the Israelite leaders assigned to the tribe of Levi within the territory of the tribes of Judah and Simeon.
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And they were for the sons of Aaron from the clans of the Kohathite from the sons of Levi, because the first lot was for them.
First, the Israelite leaders assigned cities by lot to the descendants of Aaron. They belonged to the Kohathite clan of the tribe of Levi.
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And they gave to them Kiriath Arba (the father of the Anak, it is Hebron) in the hill country of Judah and its pasturelands around it.
The Israelite leaders assigned Kiriath Arba to them in the hill country of Judah. They also gave the pasturelands around the city. (That city got its name from Arba, the ancestor of the Anak people group. But people now call that city Hebron.)
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But the field of the city and its villages they had given to Caleb, the son of Jephunneh, as his possession.
However, the Israelite leaders had already assigned the cultivated fields and villages surrounding Kiriath Arba to Caleb son of Jephunneh.
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And to the sons of Aaron the priest they gave a city of refuge of one having killed, Hebron and its pasturelands, and Libnah and its pasturelands
In this way, the Israelite leaders assigned Hebron and its surrounding fields to the descendants of Aaron the priest. Hebron was one of the cities to which people could flee if they accidentally killed a person. The leaders also gave Aaron’s descendants the city of Libnah with its surrounding fields,
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and Jattir and its pasturelands and Eshtemoa and its pasturelands
Jattir with its surrounding fields, and Eshtemoa with its surrounding fields,
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and Holon and its pasturelands and Debir and its pasturelands
They also gave Holon with its surrounding fields, and Debir with its surrounding fields,
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and Ain and its pasturelands and Juttah and its pasturelands and Beth Shemesh and its pasturelands: nine cities from the two of these tribes.
and Ain, Juttah, and Beth Shemesh. In total, the leaders gave them nine cities with their surrounding fields. These cities were within the territory of the tribes of Judah and Simeon.
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And from the tribe of Benjamin, Gibeon and its pasturelands, Geba and its pasturelands,
The Israelite leaders also gave the descendants of Aaron some cities, with the surrounding fields, in the area that the tribe of Benjamin possessed: Gibeon, Geba,
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Anathoth and its pasturelands, and Almon and its pasturelands: four cities.
Anathoth, and Almon, four cities with their surrounding fields.
All of the cities of the sons of Aaron, the priests, {were} 13 cities and their pasturelands.
Altogether, the Israelite leaders assigned 13 cities with their surrounding fields to the Levites who were priests because they were descendants of Aaron.
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And for the clans of the sons of Kohath, the Levites, the remaining ones from the sons of Kohath, the cities of their lot {were} from the tribe of Ephraim.
The other Levite clans who were descendants of Kohath received four cities within the territory of the tribe of Ephraim.
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And they gave to them a city of refuge of one having killed, Shechem and its pasturelands in the hill country of Ephraim, and Gezer and its pasturelands
The leaders gave them Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim along with its surrounding fields. It was a city to which someone could flee for safety who killed a person unintentionally. The leaders also gave them Gezer with its surrounding fields,
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and Kibzaim and its pasturelands and Beth Horon and its pasturelands: four cities.
Kibzaim, and Beth Horon, four cities. All with their surrounding fields.
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And from the tribe of Dan, Eltekeh and its pasturelands, Gibbethon and its pasturelands,
These clans that were descendants of Kohath also received four cities with their surrounding fields within the territory of the tribe of Dan. These cities were Eltekeh, Gibbethon,
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Aijalon and its pasturelands, Gath Rimmon and its pasturelands: four cities.
Aijalon, and Gath Rimmon, four cities, all with their surrounding fields.
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And from half of the tribe of Manasseh, Taanach and its pasturelands and Gath Rimmon and its pasturelands: two cities.
These clans that were descendants of Kohath also received cities within the territory of the half of the tribe of Manasseh that had settled on the west side of the Jordan River. These cities were Taanach and Gath Rimmon, two cities with their surrounding fields.
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All of the ten cities and their pasturelands {were} for the remaining clans of the sons of Kohath.
There were ten cities in all, together with their surrounding fields, that these other clans that were descendants of Kohath received.
And for the sons of Gershon from the clans of the Levites, from half of the tribe of Manasseh, a city of refuge of one having killed, Golan in Bashan and its pasturelands, and Be Eshterah and its pasturelands: two cities.
The Israelite leaders also cast lots in order to assign cities and their surrounding fields to the Levite clans of the descendants of Gershon. These clans received two cities within the territory of the half of the tribe of Manasseh that had settled on the east side of the Jordan River. One of those cities was Golan in the region of Bashan. It was one of the cities to which someone could flee for safety who killed a person unintentionally. The other city was Beeshtarah. That made two cities, with their surrounding fields.
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And from the tribe of Issachar, Kishion and its pasturelands, Daberath and its pasturelands,
These clans also received some cities and the surrounding fields within the territory of the tribe of Issachar. Those cities were Kishion, Daberath,
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Jarmuth and its pasturelands, En Gannim and its pasturelands: four cities.
Jarmuth, and En Gannim, four cities, all with their surrounding fields.
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And from the tribe of Asher, Mishal and its pasturelands, Abdon and its pasturelands,
These clans also received some cities and the surrounding fields within the territory of the tribe of Asher. These cities were Mishal, Abdon,
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Helkath and its pasturelands, and Rehob and its pasturelands: four cities.
Helkath, and Rehob, four cities, all with their surrounding fields.
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And from the tribe of Naphtali, a city of refuge of one having killed, Kedesh in Galilee and its pasturelands, and Hammoth Dor and its pasturelands and Kartan and its pasturelands: three cities.
These clans also received some cities within the territory of the tribe of Naphtali. One of these cities was Kedesh in the region of Galilee. It was one of the cities to which people could flee for safety if they killed a person unintentionally. The other cities were Hammoth Dor and Kartan. That made three cities, all with their surrounding fields.
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All of the cities of the Gershonite according to their clans {were} 13 cities and their pasturelands.
Altogether, therefore, the Gershonite clans received 13 cities, together with their surrounding fields.
And for the clans of the sons of Merari, the remaining Levites, from the tribe of Zebulun, Jokneam and its pasturelands, Kartah and its pasturelands,
The Israelite leaders also assigned cities to the last group of Levites, those who belonged to the clans that were descendants of Merari. These clans received some cities, with the surrounding fields, within the territory of the tribe of Zebulun. These cities were Jokneam, Kartah,
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Dimnah and its pasturelands, Nahalal and its pasturelands: four cities.
Dimnah, and Nahalal, four cities, all with their surrounding fields.
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And from the tribe of Reuben, Bezer and its pasturelands and Jahaz and its pasturelands,
These clans also received cities, with their surrounding fields, within the territory of the tribe of Reuben. These cities were Bezer, Jahaz,
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Kedemoth and its pasturelands and Mephaath and its pasturelands: four cities.
Kedemoth, and Mephaath, four cities, all with their surrounding fields.
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And from the tribe of Gad, a city of refuge of one having killed, Ramoth in Gilead and its pasturelands, and Mahanaim and its pasturelands,
These clans also received cities, with their surrounding fields, within the territory of the tribe of Gad. One of these cities was Ramoth, which was one of the cities in Gilead to which people could flee for safety if they killed a person unintentionally. Another city was Mahanaim.
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Heshbon and its pasturelands, Jazer and its pasturelands: all of the cities {were} four.
There were also the cities of Heshbon, and Jazer. That made four cities in all, together with their surrounding fields.
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All of the cities for the sons of Merari according to their clans, the remaining ones from the clans of the Levites, were 12 cities {by} their lot.
In all, this last group of Levite clans, the ones that were descendants of Merari, received 12 cities when the Israelite leaders cast lots for them.
All of the cities of the Levites in the midst of the possession of the sons of Israel {were} 48 cities and their pasturelands.
So altogether, the Levites received 48 cities within the territories of the other tribes of Israel. They also received the fields around those cities.
These cities were city, city, and its pasturelands around it, thus for all of these cities.
Yes, for each one of these cities, the Levites also received the surrounding fields. That was true for all of them.
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And Yahweh gave to Israel all of the land that he had sworn to give to their fathers. And they possessed it and dwelled in it.
Yahweh had promised the ancestors of the Israelites that he would give them all this land, and this was how he did that. The Israelite people took control of these areas and settled down in them.
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And Yahweh gave rest to them from all around, according to all that he had sworn to their fathers. And a man did not stand against their faces from all of their enemies. Yahweh gave all of their enemies into their hand.
Yahweh had also told the ancestors of the Israelites that they would be able to live peacefully in the land, and he made that happen too. None of their enemies were able to fight against them and defeat them. Instead, Yahweh helped Israel defeat all their enemies.
A word did not fall from every good word that Yahweh had spoken to the house of Israel. The whole came.
Yahweh kept every promise he made to the Israelites. Every promise came true.
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Then Joshua called to the Reubenite and to the Gadite and to half of the tribe of Manasseh.
Joshua then summoned the leaders of the Reubenites, Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh.
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And he said to them, “You yourselves have kept all that Moses, the servant of Yahweh, commanded you. And you have listened to my voice according to all that I have commanded you.
He told them, “You have done everything that Moses the servant of Yahweh, commanded you to do. You have also done what I commanded you to do.
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You have not forsaken your brothers these many days, to this day. But you have kept the keeping of the commandments of Yahweh your God.
For a long time you have helped the other tribes to defeat their enemies. You have obeyed everything that Yahweh your God taught you and commanded you to do.
And now Yahweh your God has given rest to your brothers, just as he spoke to them. And now, turn and go for yourselves to your tents, to the land of your possession, which Moses, the servant of Yahweh, gave to you on the other side of the Jordan.
He promised to settle your fellow Israelites peacefully in this land, and he has done what he promised. So now you may go back to your homes in the land that Moses gave to you on the east side of the Jordan River.
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Only watch greatly to do the commandment and the instruction that Moses, the servant of Yahweh, commanded you, to love Yahweh your God and to walk in all of his ways and to keep his commandments and to cling to him, and to serve him with all of your heart and with all of your soul.”
But now you must be careful to do what Moses commanded and taught you to do. You must love Yahweh your God and live your life as he wants you to live. You must obey his commands and be loyal only to him. Do this as you worship him and serve him by everything that you think and everything that you do.”
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And Joshua blessed them. And he sent them away and they went to their tents.
Then Joshua wished for Yahweh to do good things for them, and he sent them back to their homes.
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Now to the half of the tribe of Manasseh, Moses had given in Bashan, and to half of him, Joshua gave with their brothers on the other side of the Jordan, seaward. And when Joshua sent them away to their tents, then he also blessed them,
The people Joshua sent back to the east side of the Jordan River included half of the tribe of Manasseh. Moses had given them the region of Bashan there. Joshua had given the other half of that tribe land on the west side of the Jordan River with the other Israelites. When Joshua sent them away to their homes, he wished for Yahweh to do good things for them too.
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and he spoke to them, saying, “Return to your tents with many riches and with very much livestock, with silver and with gold and with bronze and with iron and with very many garments. Divide the spoil of your enemies with your brothers.”
He said to them, “You may take back to your homes much money, many animals, and silver, gold, bronze, iron, and very many beautiful clothes. You got these things from your enemies when you defeated them. Share them with the people of your tribes back home.”
And the sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad and half of the tribe of Manasseh turned back and went from with the sons of Israel, from Shiloh, which {is} in the land of Canaan, to go to the land of Gilead, to the land of their possession, on which they had seized for themselves, upon the mouth of Yahweh by the hand of Moses.
So the people of Reuben, Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh left the other people of Israel at Shiloh in the region of Canaan. They returned home to the region of Gilead, which belonged to them because they had conquered it when Moses told them that Yahweh had said they could do that.
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And they entered into the regions of the Jordan that are in the land of Canaan. And the sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad and half of the tribe of Manasseh built an altar there beside the Jordan, an altar large in appearance.
They arrived at the western bank of the Jordan River, still in the land of Canaan. There the people of Reuben, Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh built an altar. It was a very large and impressive altar.
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And the sons of Israel heard, saying, “Behold, the sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad and half of the tribe of Manasseh have built the altar at the front of the land of Canaan, in the regions of the Jordan, on the side of the sons of Israel.”
People from that area began to report to the other Israelites, “The people of Reuben, Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh have built an altar at the entrance to the land of Canaan. It is on the banks of the Jordan River, on the western side where most of the Israelites live.”
When the sons of Israel heard, then all of the congregation of the sons of Israel gathered themselves at Shiloh to go up against them to war.
When the other Israelites heard this, they all met together at the city of Shiloh. They decided they would fight against those tribes {to make them tear down that altar}.
And the sons of Israel sent Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the priest, into the land of the Gilead to the sons of Reuben and to the sons of Gad and to half of the tribe of Manasseh.
But first, the Israelites sent Phinehas son of Eleazar, who was the leader of all the priests, across the river to talk with the people of Reuben, Gad, and eastern Manasseh.
And ten leaders {were} with him, one leader, one leader, to the house of the father to all of the tribes of Israel. And they {were} a man, the head of the house of their fathers to the thousands of Israel.
They also sent one leader from each of the ten tribes of Israel {that had settled west of the Jordan River}. Each of those men was an important person within his own clan.
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And they came into the land of Gilead to the sons of Reuben and to the sons of Gad and to half of the tribe of Manasseh, and they spoke with them, saying,
Those leaders went to the region of Gilead to talk with the people of Reuben, Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh. They said,
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“Thus says all of the congregation of Yahweh: ‘What is this unfaithfulness that you have done unfaithfully against the God of Israel, to turn today from after Yahweh in your building for yourselves an altar today for your rebelling against Yahweh?
“All the other Israelites want to know why you have been so disloyal to the God whom we Israelites worship! {He commanded that there should only be one altar, at his sacred tent.} But you have now disobeyed Yahweh by building your own altar here in this place. You have rebelled against Yahweh!
{Was} the iniquity of Peor little for us, from which we have not purified ourselves to this day? And a plague was among the congregation of Yahweh.
You are acting as if we did not disobey Yahweh badly enough at Mount Peor{, where we worshiped a false god}. We still feel very ashamed for doing that. As a punishment, Yahweh sent a deadly sickness among the Israelites, and many of them died from it.
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And will you yourselves turn today from after Yahweh? And it will happen, {if} you yourselves rebel against Yahweh today, then tomorrow he will be furious toward all of the congregation of Israel.
So you should not disobey Yahweh like this! If you rebel against Yahweh like this now, soon he will severely punish all of the Israelites.
And indeed, if the land of your possession {is} unclean, cross over for yourselves into the land of the possession of Yahweh, where the dwelling of Yahweh dwells there, and possess in the midst of us. But against Yahweh do not rebel, and against us do not rebel, by your building an altar for yourselves apart from the altar of Yahweh our God.
{You seem to think you need your own altar, but you have built it on our side of the Jordan River.} If {you built it there because you think} your land is ritually impure, move back to the land that belongs to Yahweh, where Yahweh’s sacred tent is. We will share our land with you. But do not rebel against Yahweh or against us by building yourselves an altar other than the one at the sacred tent.
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{Did} not Achan, the son of Zerah, act unfaithfully in unfaithfulness with the devoted thing, and wrath was on all of the congregation of Israel? And he did not perish, one man, in his iniquity!’”
Recall how Achan son of Zerah was so disloyal to Yahweh and kept some things from Jericho even though we were supposed to destroy everything there. This made Yahweh angry with all of us Israelites. Because of what that one man did wrong, many other Israelites died.”
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And the sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad and half of the tribe of Manasseh answered and spoke with the heads of the thousands of Israel:
The leaders of the tribes of Reuben and Gad and of the half tribe of Manasseh replied to the Israelite clan leaders,
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“Yahweh {is} God of gods! Yahweh {is} God of gods! He knows, and Israel, let it know! If in rebellion or if in unfaithfulness against Yahweh, do not save us this day!
“We affirm that Yahweh is the only true God! He knows why we built this altar, and we want all the Israelites to know why as well. If we have broken our promise to obey Yahweh, punish us by killing us right now!
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To build an altar for ourselves to turn from after Yahweh, or if to offer on it burnt offerings or grain offerings, or if to make on it sacrifices of peace offerings, Yahweh himself will seek.
If we have disobeyed Yahweh’s command by building ourselves an altar other than the one at the sacred tent, or if we have built this altar so we can offer sacrifices, grain offerings, or sacrifices to promise friendship with him, in violation of the law, Yahweh will find out what we have done and punish us.
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But if not from anxiety from a matter we did this, saying, ‘Tomorrow your sons might speak to our sons, saying, “What to you and to Yahweh, the God of Israel?
But that is not why we built this altar. We built it because we were afraid that your descendants might speak to our descendants at some future time and tell them that they had no right to worship Yahweh, the God whom Israelites worship.
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For Yahweh has given a border between us and between you sons of Reuben and sons of Gad, the Jordan. No portion {is} for you in Yahweh.”’ And your sons might make our sons desist, to not fearing Yahweh.
We were afraid that they would tell our descendants that Yahweh had made the Jordan River a boundary between themselves and the people of the tribes of Reuben and Gad {and half of Manasseh}. We were afraid that your descendants would tell our descendants that they had nothing to do with Yahweh. And then they might try to stop our descendants from worshiping Yahweh.
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So we said, ‘Let us now do to build for ourselves an altar, not for a burnt offering and not for a sacrifice,
So we decided that we should build an altar, but not for burning sacrifices or making offerings.
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but it {will be} a witness between us and between you and between our generations after us, to serve the service of Yahweh to his face with our burnt offerings and with our sacrifices and with our peace offerings. And your sons will not say to our sons tomorrow, “No portion {is} for you in Yahweh.”’
Instead, we wanted it to be a monument to prove to you, to ourselves, and to all of our descendants after us that we will truly worship Yahweh. We will indeed worship him by bringing to his sacred tent our sacrifices to burn and our other sacrifices and the other offerings we make to promise friendship with him. We built this altar so your descendants would never say to our descendants in the future that they had nothing to do with Yahweh.
And we said, ‘And it will happen, if they speak to us, or to our generations tomorrow, that we will say, “See, a copy of the altar of Yahweh that our fathers made, not for a burnt offering and not for a sacrifice, but it {is} a witness between us and between you.”
In the future, if your descendants said that, then our descendants could tell them to look at the altar that we, their ancestors, had made. They would see that it was exactly like the altar at Yahweh’s sacred tent. Our descendants would tell them that they do not burn sacrifices on it, but it is a monument that proves that Israelites on both sides of the Jordan River worship Yahweh.
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Profane to us from him, to rebel against Yahweh and turn today from after Yahweh to build an altar for a burnt offering, for a grain offering, or for a sacrifice, apart from the altar of Yahweh our God that is to the face of his dwelling!’”
We certainly do not want to rebel against Yahweh or disobey him. We never intended to use this altar for burning sacrifices, making flour offerings, or making any other sacrifices. We know that there is only one true altar for Yahweh our God, and that is the one in front of the sacred tent.”
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And Phinehas the priest and the leaders of the congregation and the heads of the thousands of Israel who {were} with him heard the words that the sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad and the sons of Manasseh spoke. And it was good in their eyes.
When Phinehas the priest and the clan leaders whom the Israelites had chosen when they met together heard what the people of Reuben, Gad, and Manasseh had said, they were pleased.
And Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the priest, said to the sons of Reuben and to the sons of Gad and to the sons of Manasseh, “Today we know that Yahweh {is} in the midst of us, that you have not acted unfaithfully in this unfaithfulness against Yahweh. Therefore, you have delivered the sons of Israel from the hand of Yahweh.”
And Phinehas said to them, “Now we recognize that Yahweh is helping all of us Israelites. We understand that you were not being disloyal to him when you built that altar. Because you have not disobeyed Yahweh, we are sure that he will not punish us.”
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And Phinehas, the son of Eleazar the priest, and the leaders returned from with the sons of Reuben and from with the sons of Gad, from the land of Gilead to the land of Canaan, to the sons of Israel. And they brought them a word.
Then Phinehas son of Eliazar, the high priest, and the Israelite leaders who had accompanied him left the people of the tribes of Reuben and Gad. They returned from the region of Gilead to Canaan, where the other Israelites were. There they told them what had happened.
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And the word was good in the eyes of the sons of Israel. And the sons of Israel blessed God, and they did not speak of going up against them to war to destroy the land in which the sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad {were} dwelling.
They were all pleased, and they thanked God. They did not talk anymore about fighting against the people of the tribes of Reuben and Gad {and half of Manasseh} to destroy them in the land where they lived.
For the sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad had called the altar, “For it {is} a witness between us that Yahweh {is} God.”
The other Israelites no longer planned to attack the people of the tribes of Reuben and Gad {and Manasseh} because they had explained that the altar was a monument that proved to the eastern tribes that the western tribes also worshiped Yahweh as their God.
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And it happened from many days afterward, when Yahweh had given rest to Israel from all of their enemies from all around, that Joshua had aged, he had come into days.
A long time later, once Yahweh had enabled the Israelites to live peacefully, with none of the surrounding nations threatening them, Joshua had become very old.
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And Joshua called to all of Israel, to its elders and to its heads and to its judges and to its officers, and he said to them, “I have aged, I have come into days.
Joshua then called for all of Israel’s elders, leaders, judges, and officials to come and listen to him. When they arrived, he told them, “I am now very old.
But you yourselves have seen all that Yahweh your God has done to all of these nations from your faces. For Yahweh your God, he {is} the one having fought for you.
You have seen how, for your sake, Yahweh defeated all of these enemy people groups. Yahweh our God has fought for us.
See, I have caused to fall for you these remaining nations as an inheritance for your tribes, from the Jordan, and all of the nations that I cut off, and the Great Sea from the going of the sun.
I am telling you now that you will be able to defeat the nations that still remain. Their lands will also become the permanent possession of your tribes. You will have all of the land from the Jordan River {in the east} to the Great Sea in the west, including the land of the nations I defeated when I was commanding the Israelite army.
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And Yahweh your God, he will push them from your face, and he will dispossess them from to your face. And you will possess their land, just as Yahweh your God has spoken to you.
Yahweh your God will enable you to defeat them, and he will force those people to leave their lands. Then you will be able to live there, just as he promised you would.
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And you shall be very strong to keep and to do everything written in the book of the instruction of Moses, not to turn aside from it right or left,
But you must be very careful to obey everything that Moses wrote in the Book of the Law. Do not disobey anything that he wrote.
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not to come among these nations, these ones remaining with you. And by the name of their gods you shall not invoke and you shall not swear, and you shall not serve them and you shall not bow down to them.
Do not make friends with any of the people groups that are still in this land. Do not pray to their gods, and do not make oaths using the names of their gods. Do not worship those gods, and do not bow down to them.
If not to Yahweh your God you shall cling, just as you have done to this day.
Instead, remain loyal to Yahweh your God, as you have been doing.
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And Yahweh has dispossessed great and powerful nations from your faces. And you, a man has not stood against your faces to this day.
Yahweh has forced many very strong nations to leave so that you could live here. From the time you entered this land until now, no one has been able to resist you.
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One man from you pursues a thousand, for Yahweh your God, he is the one fighting for you, just as he has spoken to you.
It is as if one of your soldiers can make a thousand enemy soldiers run away. That is because Yahweh your God is fighting for you as he promised to do.
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And you shall keep yourselves exceedingly to yourselves, to love Yahweh your God.
But you must be very careful to keep loving Yahweh your God.
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For if turning, you turn and cling to the remnant of these nations, these ones remaining with you, and you intermarry with them and you go among them and they among you,
Suppose you become disloyal to Yahweh and make friends with the people groups that are still living in this land. Suppose you let your daughters marry their sons and your sons marry their daughters. Suppose you regularly do things together.
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knowing, may you know that Yahweh your God will not continue to dispossess these nations from to your face. And they will be to you for a snare and for a trap and for a whip on your sides and for thorns in your eyes, until you perish from upon this good ground that Yahweh your God has given to you.
I can assure you that if you do that, Yahweh your God will no longer force them to leave so that you can live here. They will become like different kinds of traps that will catch you. They will become like whips that hurt your skin. They will become like thorns that stick you in the eye. Your people group will become weaker and weaker until none of you live any longer in this good land that Yahweh your God has given to you.
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And behold, today I myself am going in the way of all of the earth. And you know with all of your heart and with all of your soul that not one word has fallen from all of the good words that Yahweh your God spoke concerning you. The whole has come to you. Not one word has fallen from it.
It is almost time for me to die, as everyone else does. You know deep within you that Yahweh he has done every single thing he promised to do for you.
And it will happen, just as all of the good word that Yahweh your God spoke to you has come upon you, thus Yahweh will bring upon you all of the evil word until he has destroyed you from upon this good ground that Yahweh your God has given to you.
He has given to you all the good things that he promised to give you. However, if you do these wrong things that I have described, he will just as surely make the bad things happen to you that he also described. None of you will still be living in this good land that Yahweh your God has given to you.
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In your transgressing the covenant of Yahweh your God that he commanded you and you go and serve other gods and bow down to them, then the nose of Yahweh will burn against you, and you will quickly perish from upon the good land that he has given to you.”
Suppose you do not obey the covenant that Yahweh made with you. Suppose you go and worship other gods and bow down to them. Then Yahweh will become very angry with you. Very soon none of you will be living any longer in this good land that he has given to you.”
And Joshua gathered all of the tribes of Israel to Shechem. And he called to the elders of Israel and to its heads and to its judges and to its officers. And they presented themselves to the face of God.
Joshua brought all of the Israelites together in the city of Shechem. Their elders, leaders, judges, and officials all reported there in the presence of God.
And Joshua said to all of the people, “Thus says Yahweh, the God of Israel: ‘Your fathers dwelled from long ago beyond the river, Terah, the father of Abraham and the father of Nahor. And they served other gods.
Joshua told all the Israelites, “This is what Yahweh, the God we Israelite people worship, wants me to tell you: ‘Long ago, your ancestors, including Abraham’s father Terah and Abraham’s younger brother Nahor, lived far beyond the Euphrates River. There they worshiped other gods.
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And I took your father Abraham from beyond the river and brought him into all of the land of Canaan. And I multiplied his seed and gave to him Isaac.
But I took your ancestor Abraham from beyond the Euphrates River, and I led him into the land of Canaan. I gave him many descendants through his son Isaac.
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And I gave Jacob and Esau to Isaac, and I gave to Esau the hill country of Seir to possess it, but Jacob and his sons went down to Egypt.
I gave Isaac his own sons, Jacob and Esau. I gave Esau the hill country of Seir to live in. But I sent Jacob and his children down to Egypt, and they lived there for many years.
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And I sent Moses and Aaron, and I struck Egypt according to what I did in the midst of it. And afterward I brought you out.
{When the Egyptians made your ancestors slaves,} I sent Moses and his brother Aaron to Egypt {to rescue them}. I caused many terrible plagues that made the people of Egypt suffer. After that, I brought your people out of Egypt.
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And I brought your fathers out from Egypt, and you came to the sea. And Egypt chased after your fathers with chariot and horsemen to the Sea of Reeds.
When I brought your ancestors out of Egypt, they came to the sea. The Egyptian army pursued them with chariots and on horseback as far as the Sea of Reeds.
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And they cried out to Yahweh, and he put darkness between you and the Egyptians, and he brought the sea over him and covered him. And your eyes saw what I did against Egypt. And you dwelled in the wilderness many days.
Then you pleaded with me to help you, and I caused darkness to come between you Israelites and the Egyptian army. {I made a dry path through the sea so that the Israelites could go through it, but when the Egyptians tried to follow them,} I made the water come back and it covered the Egyptian army {so all the soldiers drowned}. You Israelites saw what I did to the Egyptians. After that you lived in the desert for many years.
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And I brought you to the land of the Amorite, the ones dwelling on the other side of the Jordan, and they fought with you. And I gave them into your hand, and you possessed their land, and I destroyed them from your faces.
Then I brought you to the land where the Amorites lived, on the east side of the Jordan River. They attacked you, but I enabled you to defeat them and capture their land. You saw everything that I did for you.
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And Balak, the son of Zippor, the king of Moab, arose and fought with Israel. And he sent and called for Balaam, the son of Beor, to curse you.
Then Balak son of Zippor, king of Moab, prepared his army and attacked Israel. He sent for Balaam son of Beor and told him to get me to curse your people.
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But I was not willing to listen to Balaam. And blessing, he blessed you, and I delivered you from his hand.
But I would not do what Balaam asked. Instead, I made him bless you, so that he was not able to harm you.
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And you crossed the Jordan and came to Jericho. And the men of Jericho fought with you, the Amorite and the Perizzite and the Canaanite and the Hittite and the Girgashite and the Hivite and the Jebusite. And I gave them into your hand.
Then you all crossed the Jordan River and came to Jericho. The army of Jericho fought against you, as did the armies of the Amorites, the Perizzites, the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Girgashites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites. But I enabled you to conquer them all.
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And I sent the hornet to your faces, and it dispossessed them out from your faces, the two kings of the Amorite, not by your sword and not by your bow.
I sent swarms of hornets ahead of you, and this helped you two Amorite kings. You did not do this with your own weapons. {I, Yahweh, was the one who actually defeated them.}
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And I gave to you a land for which you had not labored and cities that you had not built, and you dwelled in them. You {are} eating vineyards and olive groves that you did not plant.’
So I gave you a land that you had not cleared or plowed, and I gave you cities that you did not build. Now you live in those cities, and you eat the grapes from grapevines that you did not plant and olives from trees that you did not plant.’
And now, you shall fear Yahweh and serve him with sincerity and with faithfulness. And you shall remove the gods that your fathers served beyond the river and in Egypt, and you shall serve Yahweh.
{That was what Yahweh wanted me, Joshua, to tell all of you.} Now you must worship Yahweh and obey him genuinely and consistently. Throw away the idols that your ancestors worshiped when they lived on the far side of the Euphrates River and when they lived in Egypt. Worship Yahweh alone.
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But if {it is} evil in your eyes to serve Yahweh, choose for yourselves today whom you will serve, whether the gods that your fathers served that were beyond the river or the gods of the Amorite in whose land you {are} dwelling. But I and my house, we will serve Yahweh.”
Now if you do not want to worship Yahweh, then you must decide today what gods you will worship. You may decide that you want to worship the gods that your ancestors worshiped when they lived on the other side of the Euphrates River. You may decide that you want to worship the gods that the Amorites worshiped who used to live in this land. But as for me and my family, we will worship Yahweh.”
And the people answered and said, “Profane to us from leaving Yahweh to serve other gods!
The Israelites responded, “We would never abandon Yahweh and worship other gods!
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For Yahweh, he {is} our God, the one having brought us and our fathers up from the land of Egypt, from the house of slaves, and who did these great signs before our eyes. And he kept us in all of the way in which we went and among all the peoples in whose midst we passed.
Yahweh is our God! After all, he was the one who brought our ancestors here from Egypt. He rescued them from that land where they were slaves. We saw him perform great miracles, and he protected us when we were traveling, even though we had to pass through the territory of many other nations.
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And Yahweh dispossessed from our faces all of the peoples and the Amorite, the dweller {in} the land. We ourselves will serve Yahweh, for he {is} our God.”
Yahweh forced all the people who were here to leave so that we could live here. He defeated the Amorites who lived in this land. So we will worship only Yahweh. He is our God.”
And Joshua said to the people, “You will not be able to serve Yahweh, for he {is} a holy God, he {is} a jealous God. He will not lift your transgressions and your sins.
But Joshua replied to the people, “You do not seem to realize what is involved in worshiping Yahweh! He is a holy God, and he will not allow you to worship any other gods. He will not overlook it if you break his laws or sin against him.
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If you forsake Yahweh and serve the gods of the foreigner, then he will turn and do harm to you and finish you, after when he has done good to you.”
If you abandon Yahweh and worship other gods, then he will stop helping you and instead he will harm you until he has destroyed you. He will do that even after he has done such good things for you.”
And the people said to Joshua, “No, but we will serve Yahweh.”
But the people answered Joshua, “Even so, we want to worship Yahweh.”
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And Joshua said to the people, “You {are} witnesses against yourselves that you yourselves have chosen Yahweh for yourselves, to serve him.” And they said, “Witnesses.”
Then Joshua said, “You are making a promise to what you have said. You have chosen Yahweh, and you are promising to worship him alone.” They replied, “Yes, that is what we promise to do.”
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“And now, remove the gods of the foreigner that are in your midst, and stretch out your heart to Yahweh, the God of Israel.”
So Joshua told them, “Then you must throw away any other idols you have, and devote yourselves entirely to Yahweh, the God who has done so much for us Israelites.”
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And the people said to Joshua, “We will serve Yahweh our God, and we will listen to his voice.”
The people replied, “We will worship Yahweh as our God, and we will obey what he tells us to do.”
And Joshua cut a covenant for the people on that day. And he set for them a statute and a judgment in Shechem.
On that same day, Joshua made a covenant with the people. There at Shechem, he wrote down for them all the decrees and laws that Yahweh commanded them to obey.
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And Joshua wrote these words in the book of the instruction of God. And he took a great stone and set it up there beneath the oak tree that {was} at the Holy Place of Yahweh.
He wrote all those things down in the book of the law of God. Then he got a large stone and set it up there at Shechem, under the large oak tree that grew beside the place where Yahweh’s sacred tent was.
And Joshua said to all of the people, “Behold, this stone will be for a witness against us, for it has heard all of the words of Yahweh that he spoke to us. And it will be for a witness against you, lest you deal falsely with your God.”
Joshua told all the people, “Look! This stone will always be a reminder to us. This is the place where I told you what Yahweh wanted to say to you {and you promised that you would serve him}. This stone will remind you of your promise so that you are not disloyal to God.”
And Joshua sent the people away, a man to his inheritance.
Then Joshua sent the people back to their homes in the places that the leaders had assigned to them.
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And it happened after these things that Joshua, the son of Nun, the servant of Yahweh, died, a son of 110 years.
After this, Joshua son of Nun, the servant of Yahweh, died. He was 110 years old when he died.
And they buried him in the border of his inheritance, in Timnath Serah, which {is} in the hill country of Ephraim, from the north to Mount Gaash.
The Israelites buried his body on his own property in Timnath Serah. That is in the hill country of Ephraim, north of Mount Gaash.
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And Israel served Yahweh all of the days of Joshua and all of the days of the elders who lengthened days after Joshua and who knew every deed of Yahweh that he had done for Israel.
The people of Israel continued to worship Yahweh during Joshua’s lifetime and during the lifetimes of the elders who outlived Joshua. Those elders had seen everything that Yahweh had done for Israel.
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And the bones of Joseph, which the sons of Israel had brought up from Egypt, they buried in Shechem, in the portion of the field that Jacob had bought from the sons of Hamor, the father of Shechem, for 100 qesitah. And it was to the sons of Joseph for an inheritance.
The people of Israel had brought Joseph’s bones with them when they left Egypt. Now they buried his bones at Shechem, in the piece of land that Jacob had bought long ago for the price of 100 pieces of silver. He had bought it from Hamor, the father of Shechem. That piece of land became a permanent possession for Joseph’s descendants.
And Eleazar, the son of Aaron, died. And they buried him in Gibeah of Phinehas his son, which had been given to him in the hill country of Ephraim.
Eleazar son of Aaron also died. The Israelites buried his body at Gibeah, the city that belonged to his son Phinehas, in the hill country of Ephraim.
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