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1BookChapterVerseIDSupportReferenceOrigQuoteOccurrenceGLQuoteOccurrenceNote
22COfrontintrour4j0
32CO1introtsh30
42CO11epd20General Information:
52CO11mel30Paul ... to the church of God that is in Corinth
62CO11f59uΤιμόθεος ὁ ἀδελφὸς1Timothy our brother

This indicates that both Paul and the Corinthians knew Timothy and considered him to be their spiritual brother.

72CO11mhg5translate-namesἈχαΐᾳ1Achaia

This is the name of a Roman province in the southern part of modern-day Greece. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

82CO12f6k10May grace be to you and peace

This is a common greeting that Paul uses in his letters.

92CO13px2qfigs-activepassive0May the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ be praised
102CO13k7dlὁ Θεὸς καὶ Πατὴρ1the God and Father

God, who is the Father

112CO13pg4afigs-parallelism0the Father of mercies and the God of all comfort

These two phrases express the same idea in two different ways. Both phrases refer to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

122CO13blv40the Father of mercies and the God of all comfort
132CO14n2lcfigs-inclusiveπαρακαλῶν ἡμᾶς ἐπὶ πάσῃ τῇ θλίψει ἡμῶν1comforts us in all our affliction
142CO15nn5afigs-metaphor0For just as the sufferings of Christ abound for our sake
152CO15i254τὰ παθήματα τοῦ Χριστοῦ1the sufferings of Christ

Possible meanings are 1) that this refers to the suffering that Paul and Timothy experience because they preach the message about Christ or 2) that this refers to the suffering that Christ experienced on their behalf.

162CO15tg9wfigs-metaphorπερισσεύει ἡ παράκλησις ἡμῶν1our comfort abounds

Paul speaks of comfort as if it were an object that could increase in size. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

172CO16y9bifigs-exclusiveεἴτε δὲ θλιβόμεθα1But if we are afflicted
182CO16wyj4figs-activepassiveεἴτε παρακαλούμεθα1if we are comforted
192CO16cfq70Your comfort is working effectively

You experience effective comfort

202CO18jqn8figs-litotesοὐ θέλομεν θέλομεν ὑμᾶς ἀγνοεῖν1we do not want you to be uninformed
212CO18pr8afigs-metaphor0We were so completely crushed beyond our strength

Paul and Timothy refer to their emotions of despair being like a heavy weight they have to carry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

222CO18gu5bfigs-activepassive0We were so completely crushed
232CO19lks3figs-metaphorαὐτοὶ ἐν ἑαυτοῖς τὸ ἀπόκριμα τοῦ θανάτου ἐσχήκαμεν1we had the sentence of death on us
242CO19i7upfigs-ellipsisἀλλ’ ἐπὶ τῷ Θεῷ1but instead in God
252CO19bu2yfigs-idiomτῷ ἐγείροντι τοὺς νεκρούς1who raises the dead
262CO110x4khfigs-metaphorθανάτου1a deadly peril
272CO110mwn90he will continue to deliver us

he will continue to rescue us

282CO111q17d0He will do this as you also help us

God will rescue us from danger as you, the people of the church of Corinth, also help us

292CO111k1flfigs-activepassive0the gracious favor given to us
302CO112kqv3figs-exclusive0General Information:
312CO112r9p80We are proud of this
322CO112c7mufigs-personification0Our conscience testifies
332CO112c1bdfigs-metonymy0not relying on fleshly wisdom but on the grace of God.
342CO113h21jfigs-doublenegatives0We write to you nothing that you cannot read and understand
352CO114ma5mκαύχημα ὑμῶν1your reason for boasting
362CO115nhq80General Information:

Paul wrote at least 3 letters to the Corinthians. Only 2 letters to Corinth are recorded in the Bible.

372CO115k1u90Connecting Statement:

Paul explains his sincere expectation with pure motives to come see the believers in Corinth after his first letter.

382CO115n5ex0Because I was confident about this
392CO115y4320you might receive the benefit of two visits

you might benefit from me visiting you twice

402CO116mp6u0send me on my way to Judea

assist me on my way to Judea

412CO117zms7figs-rquestion0was I hesitating?
422CO117chy9figs-rquestion0Do I plan things according to human standards ... at the same time?
432CO117y41zfigs-explicit0
442CO119z4hefigs-explicit0
452CO119hd2tguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Θεοῦ Υἱὸς1the Son of God

This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

462CO120h2xcfigs-explicit0
472CO120h4uv0
482CO121d3s3ὁ βεβαιῶν ἡμᾶς σὺν ὑμῖν Θεός1God who confirms us with you
492CO121tjc60he anointed us
502CO122z43lfigs-metaphor0he set his seal on us
512CO122xe98figs-metonymy0gave us the Spirit in our hearts
522CO122jcv7figs-metaphor0the Spirit ... as a guarantee

The Spirit is spoken of as if he was a partial downpayment toward eternal life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

532CO123j8lc0I call God to bear witness for me
542CO123j15t0so that I might spare you

so that I might not cause you more suffering

552CO124cyu40we are working with you for your joy

we are working with you so that you may have joy

562CO124cih8figs-idiom0stand in your faith
572CO2introhy3h0

2 Corinthians 02 General Notes

Special Concepts

Harsh writing

In this chapter, Paul refers to a letter he previously wrote to the Corinthians. That letter had a harsh and corrective tone. Paul probably wrote it after the letter known as First Corinthians and before this letter. He implies that the church had to rebuke an erring member. Paul is now encouraging them to be gracious to that person. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

Aroma

A sweet aroma is a pleasing smell. Scripture often describes things that are pleasing to God as having a pleasing aroma.

582CO21wh9c0Connecting Statement:

Because of his great love for them, Paul makes it clear that his rebuke in his first letter to them (the rebuke of their acceptance of the sin of immorality) caused him pain as well as pain to the church people in Corinth and the immoral man.

592CO21x9s50I decided for my own part

I made the decision

602CO21ij730in painful circumstances

in circumstances that would cause you pain

612CO22nb6xfigs-rquestion0If I caused you pain, who could cheer me up but the very one who was hurt by me?
622CO22x2vrfigs-activepassive0the very one who was hurt by me
632CO23kxu2figs-explicit0I wrote as I did
642CO23v87ifigs-activepassive0I might not be hurt by those who should have made me rejoice
652CO23i5r60my joy is the same joy you all have

what gives me joy is what gives you joy, too

662CO24uch7ἐκ πολλῆς θλίψεως1from great affliction
672CO24vs7mfigs-metonymy0with anguish of heart
682CO24d5vf0with many tears

with much crying

692CO26iy4rfigs-activepassive0This punishment of that person by the majority is enough
702CO26a7c40is enough

is sufficient

712CO27vpx1figs-activepassiveμή περισσοτέρᾳ λύπῃ καταποθῇ καταποθῇ1he is not overwhelmed by too much sorrow
722CO28r9160Connecting Statement:

Paul encourages the church in Corinth to show love and to forgive the person they have punished. He writes that he, also, has forgiven him.

732CO28yi2z0publicly affirm your love for him

This means that they are to confirm their love for this man in the presence of all of the believers.

742CO29xw5tfigs-explicitεἰς πάντα ὑπήκοοί ἐστε1you are obedient in everything
752CO210lzp6figs-activepassive0it is forgiven for your sake
762CO210cbm60forgiven for your sake
772CO211m46tfigs-litotesοὐ γὰρ αὐτοῦ τὰ νοήματα ἀγνοοῦμεν ἀγνοοῦμεν1For we are not ignorant of his plans
782CO212l6vd0Connecting Statement:

Paul encourages the believers in Corinth by telling them of the opportunities he has had to preach the gospel in Troas and Macedonia.

792CO212a1tifigs-metaphor0A door was opened to me by the Lord ... to preach the gospel
802CO213rjy90I had no relief in my spirit
812CO213xd5hΤίτον τὸν ἀδελφόν μου1my brother Titus

Paul speaks of Titus as his spiritual brother.

822CO213wq6j0So I left them

So I left the people of Troas

832CO214gpd2figs-metaphorΘεῷ, τῷ πάντοτε θριαμβεύοντι θριαμβεύοντι ἡμᾶς ἐν τῷ Χριστῷ1God, who in Christ always leads us in triumph
842CO214l1nrfigs-metaphor0Through us he spreads the sweet aroma of the knowledge of him everywhere
852CO214eq210he spreads ... everywhere

he spreads ... everywhere we go

862CO215x6nnfigs-metaphor0we are to God the sweet aroma of Christ

Paul speaks of his ministry as if it were a burnt offering that someone offers to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

872CO215b1k10the sweet aroma of Christ
882CO215itc8figs-activepassiveτοῖς σῳζομένοις1those who are saved
892CO216dwk6figs-metaphor0it is an aroma
902CO216ud2ufigs-doublet0an aroma from death to death
912CO216v2n3figs-activepassive0the ones being saved
922CO216cdr3figs-doubletὀσμὴ ἐκ ζωῆς εἰς ζωήν1aroma from life to life
932CO216be6xfigs-rquestion0Who is worthy of these things?
942CO217a5safigs-metonymy0who sell the word of God
952CO217x86yεἰλικρινείας1purity of motives

pure motives

962CO217u2zbἐν Χριστῷ λαλοῦμεν1we speak in Christ
972CO217yg3kfigs-activepassive0as we are sent from God
982CO217q4dcfigs-ellipsisκατέναντι Θεοῦ1in the sight of God
992CO3introf7rh0
1002CO31m1k80Connecting Statement:

Paul reminds them that he is not boasting as he tells them about what he has done through Christ.

1012CO31um8xfigs-rquestionἀρχόμεθα πάλιν ἑαυτοὺς συνιστάνειν?1Are we beginning to praise ourselves again?
1022CO31y8ycfigs-rquestion0We do not need letters of recommendation to you or from you, like some people, do we?
1032CO31ad1uσυστατικῶν ἐπιστολῶν1letters of recommendation

This is a letter that a person writes to introduce and give their approval of someone else.

1042CO32ty59figs-metaphor0You yourselves are our letter of recommendation
1052CO32v2e7figs-metonymyἐνγεγραμμένη ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν1written on our hearts
1062CO32bu1ufigs-activepassiveἐνγεγραμμένη ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν1written on our hearts
1072CO32dr5kfigs-activepassiveγινωσκομένη καὶ ἀναγινωσκομένη ὑπὸ πάντων ἀνθρώπων1known and read by all people
1082CO33s717figs-metaphorἐστὲ ἐπιστολὴ Χριστοῦ1you are a letter from Christ
1092CO33wrk40delivered by us

brought by us

1102CO33q96q0It was written not with ink ... on tablets of human hearts

Paul clarifies that the Corinthians are like a spiritual letter, not like a letter that humans write with physical objects.

1112CO33qt5gfigs-activepassive0It was written not with ink but by the Spirit of the living God
1122CO33t5ahfigs-activepassive0It was not written on tablets of stone, but on tablets of human hearts
1132CO33u959figs-metaphorπλαξὶν καρδίαις καρδίαις σαρκίναις1tablets of human hearts

Paul speaks of their hearts as if they are flat pieces of stone or clay upon which people engraved letters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1142CO34z7qx0this is the confidence

This refers to what Paul has just said. His confidence comes from knowing that the Corinthians are the validation of his ministry before God.

1152CO35qye9ἀφ’ ἑαυτῶν ἱκανοί1competent in ourselves
1162CO35e5e7figs-explicit0to claim anything as coming from us
1172CO35wi1t0our competence is from God

God gives us our sufficiency

1182CO36dp6ifigs-synecdoche0a covenant not of the letter
1192CO36tc4ufigs-ellipsis0but of the Spirit
1202CO36q4atfigs-personificationτὸ γράμμα ἀποκτέννει1the letter kills
1212CO37lyf70Connecting Statement:

Paul contrasts the fading glory of the old covenant with the superiority and freedom of the new covenant. He contrasts the veil of Moses with the clarity of present revelation. The time of Moses was a less clear picture of what is now revealed.

1222CO37ut6rfigs-irony0Now the service that produced death ... came in such glory

Paul emphasizes that although the law leads to death, it was still very glorious. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])

1232CO37du65figs-explicit0the service that produced
1242CO37j1hpfigs-activepassiveἐν γράμμασιν ἐντετυπωμένη λίθοις1engraved in letters on stones
1252CO37r5p50in such glory

in so much glory

1262CO37y11c0This is because

They could not look because

1272CO38xxn6figs-rquestion0How much more glorious will be the service that the Spirit does?
1282CO38wq1vfigs-explicit0the service that the Spirit does
1292CO39k779figs-explicitτῇ διακονίᾳ τῆς κατακρίσεως1the service of condemnation
1302CO39if33figs-exclamationsπολλῷ μᾶλλον περισσεύει περισσεύει ἡ διακονία τῆς δικαιοσύνης δόξῃ!1how much more does the service of righteousness abound in glory!
1312CO39e5zzfigs-metaphorπερισσεύει ἡ διακονία τῆς δικαιοσύνης δόξῃ1the service of righteousness abound in glory
1322CO39ufq6figs-explicitἡ διακονία τῆς δικαιοσύνης1the service of righteousness
1332CO310n4pe0that which was once made glorious is no longer glorious ... because of the glory that exceeds it

The Old Testament law no longer appears glorious when compared with the new covenant, which is much more glorious.

1342CO310t2dqfigs-activepassive0that which was once made glorious
1352CO310d7k5ἐν τούτῳ τῷ μέρει1in this respect

in this way

1362CO311zwb2figs-metaphorτὸ καταργούμενον1that which was passing away
1372CO312tnc10Since we have such a hope

This refers to what Paul has just said. His hope comes from knowing that the new covenant has an eternal glory.

1382CO312u5qaτοιαύτην ἐλπίδα1such a hope

such confidence

1392CO313p5u2figs-explicit0the ending of a glory that was passing away
1402CO314zvf5figs-metaphor0But their minds were closed
1412CO314zm7jγὰρ τῆς ἡμέρας1For to this day

to the time at which Paul was writing to the Corinthians

1422CO314w68pfigs-metaphor0when they read the old covenant, that same veil remains

Just as the Israelites could not see the glory on Moses' face because he covered his face with a veil, there is a spiritual veil that prevents people from understanding when they read the old covenant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1432CO314gg2d0when they read the old covenant

when they hear someone read the old covenant

1442CO314gl8lfigs-activepassive0It has not been removed, because only in Christ is it taken away
1452CO315rjh50But even today

This phrase refer to the time at which Paul was writing to the Corinthians.

1462CO315t3dlfigs-metonymyἡνίκα ἂν ἀναγινώσκηται Μωϋσῆς1whenever Moses is read
1472CO315gwp9figs-metonymy0a veil covers their hearts
1482CO316k2drfigs-metaphor0when a person turns to the Lord
1492CO316w1y2figs-activepassiveΚύριον περιαιρεῖται τὸ κάλυμμα1the veil is taken away
1502CO318r6rxfigs-inclusive0Now all of us
1512CO318l3xwfigs-metaphor0with unveiled faces, see the glory of the Lord

Unlike the Israelites who could not see God's glory reflected on Moses' face because he had covered it with a veil, there is nothing to prevent believers from seeing and understanding God's glory. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1522CO318rc9xfigs-activepassive0We are being transformed into the same glorious likeness
1532CO318bx5b0from one degree of glory into another
1542CO318mw3vκαθάπερ ἀπὸ Κυρίου1just as from the Lord

just as this comes from the Lord

1552CO4introrx1c0
1562CO41lyi40Connecting Statement:

Paul writes that he is honest in his ministry by preaching Christ, not praising himself. He shows the death and the life of Jesus in how he lives so that life can work in the Corinthian believers.

1572CO41ix7nfigs-exclusive0we have this ministry
1582CO41h1udfigs-explicit0and just as we have received mercy
1592CO42yp4g0we have rejected secret and shameful ways
1602CO42z4c2figs-hendiadys0secret and shameful ways
1612CO42ey75περιπατοῦντες ἐν πανουργίᾳ1live by craftiness

live by deception

1622CO42gp3gfigs-doublenegatives0we do not mishandle the word of God
1632CO42aj240we recommend ourselves to everyone's conscience

This means that they provide enough evidence for each person who hears them to decide whether they are right or wrong.

1642CO42f6n1figs-metaphorἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ1in the sight of God
1652CO43mti5figs-metaphor0But if our gospel is veiled, it is veiled only to those who are perishing

This refers back to what Paul said starting in 2 Corinthians 3:14. There Paul explained that there is a spiritual veil that prevents people from understanding when they read the old covenant. In the same way, people are not able to understand the gospel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1662CO43hz2ffigs-activepassiveεἰ ἔστιν κεκαλυμμένον τὸ εὐαγγέλιον ἡμῶν, ἐστὶν κεκαλυμμένον1if our gospel is veiled, it is veiled
1672CO43e5yuτὸ εὐαγγέλιον ἡμῶν1our gospel

the gospel that we preach

1682CO44r6pzfigs-metaphor0the god of this world has blinded their unbelieving minds
1692CO44tx9hὁ θεὸς τοῦ τοῦ αἰῶνος αἰῶνος τούτου1the god of this world
1702CO44z4ypfigs-metaphor0they are not able to see the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ
1712CO44j1vzτὸν φωτισμὸν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου1the light of the gospel

the light that comes from the gospel

1722CO44rdj3τοῦ εὐαγγελίου τῆς δόξης τοῦ Χριστοῦ1the gospel of the glory of Christ

the gospel about the Christ's glory

1732CO45ddw1figs-ellipsis0but Christ Jesus as Lord, and ourselves as your servants
1742CO45t8du0for Jesus' sake

because of Jesus

1752CO46rw5zἐκ σκότους φῶς λάμψει1Light will shine out of darkness

With this sentence, Paul refers to God creating light, as described in the book of Genesis.

1762CO46d5x7figs-metaphor0He has shone ... to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God
1772CO46bj1jfigs-metonymyἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν1in our hearts
1782CO46mpg90the light of the knowledge of the glory of God

the light, which is the knowledge of the glory of God

1792CO46p736figs-metaphor0the glory of God in the presence of Jesus Christ
1802CO47xe5ifigs-exclusiveἔχομεν δὲ1But we have
1812CO47xx2cfigs-metaphorἔχομεν τὸν θησαυρὸν τοῦτον ἐν ὀστρακίνοις σκεύεσιν1we have this treasure in jars of clay

Paul speaks of the gospel as if it were a treasure and their bodies as if they were breakable jars made out of clay. This emphasizes that they are of little value compared to the worth of the gospel that they preach. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1822CO47t2250so that it is clear
1832CO48ga9zfigs-activepassiveἐν παντὶ θλιβόμενοι1We are afflicted in every way
1842CO49bz8mfigs-activepassive0We are persecuted but not forsaken
1852CO49uvq1figs-activepassive0We are struck down but not destroyed
1862CO49z8np0We are struck down

We are hurt badly

1872CO410zt4bfigs-metaphor0We always carry in our body the death of Jesus
1882CO410l6f60the life of Jesus also may be shown in our bodies
1892CO410w3jcfigs-activepassive0the life of Jesus also may be shown in our bodies
1902CO411ht74figs-metaphor0We who are alive are always carrying around in our body the death of Jesus
1912CO411d1wmἵνα ἡ ζωὴ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ φανερωθῇ ἐν σαρκὶ ἡμῶν1so that the life of Jesus may be shown in our body
1922CO411ww5rfigs-activepassiveἵνα ἡ ζωὴ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ φανερωθῇ ἐν σαρκὶ ἡμῶν1so that the life of Jesus may be shown in our body
1932CO412q3ilfigs-personification0death is at work in us, but life is at work in you

Paul speaks of death and life as if they are persons who can work. This means that they are always in danger of physical death so that the Corinthians can have spiritual life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])

1942CO413ret6τὸ αὐτὸ πνεῦμα τῆς πίστεως1the same spirit of faith
1952CO413gzf4figs-activepassiveκατὰ τὸ γεγραμμένον1according to that which was written
1962CO413il5hἐπίστευσα, διὸ ἐλάλησα1I believed, and so I spoke

This is a quote from the Psalms.

1972CO414t2i8figs-idiom0that the one who raised the Lord Jesus will
1982CO415v7sj0Everything is for your sake
1992CO415l1mufigs-activepassive0as grace is spread to many people
2002CO415u8ppfigs-metaphor0thanksgiving may increase
2012CO416u6e50Connecting Statement:

Paul writes that the Corinthian difficulties are minor and do not last long when compared to the unseen eternal things.

2022CO416cb92figs-doublenegativesδιὸ οὐκ ἐνκακοῦμεν ἐνκακοῦμεν1So we do not become discouraged
2032CO416hhv6figs-explicit0outwardly we are wasting away
2042CO416s9b2figs-explicit0inwardly we are being renewed day by day
2052CO416zct5figs-activepassive0inwardly we are being renewed day by day
2062CO417pd63figs-metaphor0this momentary, light affliction is preparing us for an eternal weight of glory

Paul speaks of his sufferings and the glory that God will give him as if they were objects that can be weighed. The glory far outweighs the suffering. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2072CO417na9yfigs-metaphor0that exceeds all measurement
2082CO418t2fpfigs-activepassive0things that are seen ... things that are unseen
2092CO418f97xfigs-ellipsis0but for things that are unseen
2102CO5intros14p0
2112CO51p7b70Connecting Statement:

Paul continues by contrasting believers' earthly bodies to the heavenly ones God will give.

2122CO51z4vsfigs-metaphor0if the earthly dwelling that we live in is destroyed, we have a building from God
2132CO51zy2kfigs-activepassive0if the earthly dwelling that we live in is destroyed
2142CO51bqi5figs-activepassive0It is a house not made by human hands
2152CO52tc2j0in this tent we groan
2162CO52ss6gfigs-metaphor0longing to be clothed with our heavenly dwelling
2172CO53i4es0by putting it on

by putting on our heavenly dwelling

2182CO53ap7vfigs-activepassive0we will not be found to be naked
2192CO54bz6kfigs-metaphor0while we are in this tent
2202CO54e34b0in this tent, we groan
2212CO54cjt4figs-metaphorβαρούμενοι1being burdened

Paul refers to the difficulties that the physical body experiences as if they were heavy objects that are difficult to carry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2222CO54f8rbfigs-metaphor0We do not want to be unclothed ... we want to be clothed
2232CO54n78pἐκδύσασθαι1to be unclothed
2242CO54de2bfigs-metaphor0so that what is mortal may be swallowed up by life
2252CO54e5zifigs-activepassive0so that what is mortal may be swallowed up by life
2262CO55g7yjfigs-metaphor0who gave us the Spirit as a guarantee of what is to come

The Spirit is spoken of as if he were a partial down payment toward eternal life. See how you translated a similar phrase in 2 Corinthians 1:22. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2272CO56clh50Connecting Statement:

Because believers will have a new body and have the Holy Spirit as a pledge, Paul reminds them to live by faith that they may please the Lord. He continues by reminding them to persuade others because 1) believers will appear at the judgment seat of Christ and 2) because of love for Christ who died for believers.

2282CO56xv3mfigs-metaphor0while we are at home in the body
2292CO56ebl4ἐκδημοῦμεν ἀπὸ τοῦ Κυρίου1we are away from the Lord
2302CO57rfn4figs-metaphorδιὰ πίστεως περιπατοῦμεν, οὐ διὰ εἴδους1we walk by faith, not by sight
2312CO58a6au0We would rather be away from the body
2322CO58i3m30at home with the Lord

at home with the Lord in heaven

2332CO59ml5jfigs-ellipsis0whether we are at home or away
2342CO59j1sl0to please him

to please the Lord

2352CO510kdf2ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ βήματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ1before the judgment seat of Christ

before Christ to be judged

2362CO510c4990each one may receive what is due

each person may receive what he deserves

2372CO510v8slfigs-activepassive0the things done in the body
2382CO510lsh80whether for good or for bad

whether those things were good or bad

2392CO511dzh5εἰδότες τὸν φόβον τοῦ Κυρίου1knowing the fear of the Lord

knowing what it means to fear the Lord

2402CO511qm34figs-explicit0we persuade people
2412CO511v11vfigs-activepassive0What we are is clearly seen by God
2422CO511y5l10that it is also clear to your conscience

that you are also convinced of it

2432CO512mza10so you may have an answer

so you may have something to say to

2442CO512it2rfigs-metonymy0those who boast about appearances but not about what is in the heart
2452CO513cy57figs-idiom0if we are out of our minds ... if we are in our right minds
2462CO514azi9ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ Χριστοῦ1the love of Christ
2472CO514nd9gὑπὲρ πάντων ἀπέθανεν1died for all

died for all people

2482CO515h8310him who for their sake died and was raised
2492CO515ri6f0for their sake
2502CO516f2ww0Connecting Statement:

Because of Christ's love and death, we are not to judge by human standards. We are appointed to teach others how to be united with and have peace with God through Christ's death and receive God's righteousness through Christ.

2512CO516ic210For this reason

This refers to what Paul has just said about living for Christ instead of living for self.

2522CO517tl3hfigs-metaphor0he is a new creation
2532CO517ue8fτὰ ἀρχαῖα παρῆλθεν1The old things have passed away
2542CO517vpe3ἰδοὺ1See
2552CO518jyf70All these things
2562CO518lj2hfigs-abstractnounsτὴν διακονίαν τῆς καταλλαγῆς1the ministry of reconciliation
2572CO519gvl20That is

This means

2582CO519w1d1figs-metonymy0in Christ God is reconciling the world to himself
2592CO519b62q0He is entrusting to us the message of reconciliation

God has given Paul the responsibility to spread the message that God is reconciling people to himself.

2602CO519ix970the message of reconciliation

the message about reconciliation

2612CO520wg8ffigs-activepassive0we are appointed as representatives of Christ
2622CO520q9u9Χριστοῦ πρεσβεύομεν1representatives of Christ

those who speak for Christ

2632CO520a6fxfigs-activepassiveκαταλλάγητε τῷ Θεῷ1Be reconciled to God
2642CO521jp2a0He made Christ become the sacrifice for our sin

God made Christ become the sacrifice for our sin

2652CO521hz6zfigs-inclusive0our sin ... we might become
2662CO521ebz20He is the one who never sinned

Christ is the one who never sinned

2672CO521zm9e0He did this ... the righteousness of God in him

God did this ... the righteousness of God in Christ

2682CO521kmt9figs-explicit0so that we might become the righteousness of God in him
2692CO6introf5qu0
2702CO61in530General Information:

In verse 2, Paul quotes a portion from the prophet Isaiah.

2712CO61kf1d0Connecting Statement:

Paul summarizes how working together for God is supposed to be.

2722CO61tbr6figs-explicitσυνεργοῦντες1Working together
2732CO61s8dbfigs-doublenegativesκαὶ παρακαλοῦμεν παρακαλοῦμεν μὴ εἰς κενὸν τὴν χάριν τοῦ Θεοῦ δέξασθαι ὑμᾶς1we also urge you not to receive the grace of God in vain
2742CO62u9kcfigs-explicitλέγει γάρ1For he says
2752CO62sa940Look
2762CO63v3wcfigs-metaphor0We do not place a stumbling block in front of anyone
2772CO63he3cfigs-activepassive0we do not wish our ministry to be discredited
2782CO64xd9lfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2792CO64p9up0we prove ourselves by all our actions, that we are God's servants

We prove that we are God's servants by all that we do

2802CO64xyf90We are his servants in much endurance, affliction, distress, hardship

Paul mentions various difficult situations in which they proved that they are God's servants.

2812CO65it8g0beatings, imprisonments, riots, in hard work, in sleepless nights, in hunger

Paul continues to mention various difficult situations in which they proved that they are God's servants.

2822CO66w84c0in purity ... in genuine love

Paul lists several moral virtues that they maintained in difficult situations that proved that they are God's servants.

2832CO67b6am0We are his servants in the word of truth, in the power of God

Their dedication to preach the gospel in the power of God proves that they are God's servants.

2842CO67dui60in the word of truth
2852CO67p5l50in the power of God

by showing God's power to people

2862CO67ven8figs-metaphor0We have the armor of righteousness for the right hand and for the left

Paul speaks of their righteousness as if it is weapons that they use to fight spiritual battles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2872CO67ef5b0the armor of righteousness
2882CO67ijr20for the right hand and for the left

Possible meanings are 1) that there is a weapon in one hand and a shield in the other or 2) that they are completely equipped for battle, able to fend off attacks from any direction.

2892CO68zi7dfigs-merism0General Information:

Paul lists several extremes of how people think about him and his ministry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

2902CO68e4pffigs-activepassive0We are accused of being deceitful
2912CO69fcb5figs-activepassive0as if we were unknown and we are still well known
2922CO69r1d9figs-activepassive0We work as being punished for our actions but not as condemned to death
2932CO611vh9v0Connecting Statement:

Paul encourages the believers at Corinth to be separated from idols and live clean lives for God.

2942CO611v74j0spoken the whole truth to you

spoken honestly to you

2952CO611mv85figs-metaphor0our heart is wide open
2962CO612xv9tfigs-metaphor0You are not restrained by us, but you are restrained in your own hearts
2972CO612u4fzfigs-activepassiveοὐ στενοχωρεῖσθε στενοχωρεῖσθε ἐν ἡμῖν1You are not restrained by us
2982CO612ecn4figs-activepassive0you are restrained in your own hearts
2992CO613c6vpfigs-metaphor0open yourselves wide also
3002CO614wj410General Information:

In verse 16, Paul paraphrases portions from several Old Testament prophets: Moses, Zechariah, Amos, and possibly others.

3012CO614v7kkfigs-doublenegatives0Do not be tied together with unbelievers
3022CO614qd33figs-metaphor0be tied together with
3032CO614v7pwfigs-rquestion0For what association does righteousness have with lawlessness?
3042CO614xr52figs-rquestion0For what fellowship does light have with darkness?
3052CO615r1vqfigs-rquestion0What agreement can Christ have with Beliar?
3062CO615rm3rtranslate-namesΒελιάρ1Beliar

This is another name for the devil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

3072CO615z9ivfigs-rquestion0Or what share does a believer have together with an unbeliever?
3082CO616y99xfigs-rquestion0And what agreement is there between the temple of God and idols?
3092CO616s3l8figs-metaphor0we are the temple of the living God
3102CO616u5g3figs-parallelism0I will dwell among them and walk among them.
3112CO617fe1z0General Information:

Paul quotes portions from the Old Testament prophets, Isaiah and Ezekiel.

3122CO617z5ldfigs-activepassiveἀφορίσθητε1be set apart
3132CO617c8jqfigs-doublenegatives0Touch no unclean thing
3142CO7introhg360
3152CO71e7t90Connecting Statement:

Paul continues to remind them to be separated from sin and to seek holiness purposefully.

3162CO71h5xvἀγαπητοί1Loved ones
3172CO71fv490let us cleanse ourselves

Here Paul is saying to stay away from any form of sin that would affect one's relationship with God.

3182CO71c2xf0Let us pursue holiness

Let us strive to be holy

3192CO71pt410in the fear of God

out of deep respect for God

3202CO72v4nu0Connecting Statement:

Having already warned the people of Corinth about other leaders who were striving to get these Corinthian believers to follow them, Paul reminds the people of the way he feels about them.

3212CO72x3lgfigs-metaphor0Make room for us
3222CO73bhb70It is not to condemn you that I say this
3232CO73fay3figs-metaphorἐν καρδίαις ἡμῶν ἐστε1you are in our hearts
3242CO73xzg3figs-idiom0for us to die together and to live together
3252CO73jt6bfigs-inclusive0for us to die
3262CO74mh12figs-activepassiveπεπλήρωμαι τῇ παρακλήσει1I am filled with comfort
3272CO74mx9bfigs-metaphor0I overflow with joy
3282CO74mr750even in all our afflictions

despite all our hardships

3292CO75f3c5figs-exclusive0When we came to Macedonia
3302CO75c8jufigs-synecdoche0our bodies had no rest
3312CO75h3cvfigs-activepassive0we were troubled in every way
3322CO75i4wrfigs-explicit0by conflicts on the outside and fears on the inside
3332CO77w7tdfigs-explicit0by the comfort that Titus had received from you
3342CO78b2xj0General Information:

This refers to Paul's previous letter to these Corinthian believers where he rebuked them for their acceptance of a believer's sexual immorality with his father's wife.

3352CO78jic50Connecting Statement:

Paul praises them for their godly sorrow, their zeal to do right, and the joy that it brought him and Titus.

3362CO78vk7m0when I saw that my letter

when I learned that my letter

3372CO79kn5qfigs-activepassive0not because you were distressed
3382CO79l6d2figs-idiom0you suffered no loss because of us
3392CO710dtm3figs-ellipsis0For godly sorrow brings about repentance that accomplishes salvation
3402CO710lc4mἀμεταμέλητον1without regret

Possible meanings are 1) Paul has no regret that he caused them sorrow because that sorrow led to their repentance and salvation or 2) the Corinthians will not regret experiencing sorrow because it led to their repentance and salvation.

3412CO710lc1sfigs-explicit0Worldly sorrow, however, brings about death
3422CO711l24s0See what great determination

Look and see for yourselves what great determination

3432CO711gpp2figs-exclamations0How great was the determination in you to prove you were innocent.
3442CO711xt2r0your indignation

your anger

3452CO711h6jcfigs-activepassive0that justice should be done
3462CO712w6lsἕνεκεν τοῦ ἀδικήσαντος1the wrongdoer

the one who did wrong

3472CO712i6snfigs-activepassive0your good will toward us should be made known to you in the sight of God
3482CO712ycy7figs-metaphorἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ1in the sight of God
3492CO713kn2qfigs-activepassive0It is by this that we are encouraged
3502CO713v2g6figs-activepassiveἀναπέπαυται τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ πάντων ὑμῶν1his spirit was refreshed by all of you
3512CO714b4uqὅτι εἴ αὐτῷ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν κεκαύχημαι1For if I boasted to him about you

For although I boasted to him about you

3522CO714m22c0I was not embarrassed

you did not disappoint me

3532CO714q5hg0our boasting about you to Titus proved to be true

you proved that our boasting about you to Titus was true

3542CO715d87jfigs-abstractnouns0the obedience of all of you
3552CO715g9bzfigs-doubletμετὰ φόβου καὶ τρόμου ἐδέξασθε αὐτόν1you welcomed him with fear and trembling
3562CO715q47hμετὰ φόβου καὶ τρόμου1with fear and trembling
3572CO8introkl7m0
3582CO81mm8g0Connecting Statement:

Having explained his changed plans and his ministry direction, Paul talks about giving.

3592CO81d1mjfigs-activepassiveτὴν χάριν τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν δεδομένην ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις τῆς Μακεδονίας1the grace of God that has been given to the churches of Macedonia
3602CO82fsq8figs-personification0the abundance of their joy and the extremity of their poverty have produced great riches of generosity
3612CO82b7k5figs-metaphorἡ περισσεία τῆς τῆς χαρᾶς χαρᾶς αὐτῶν1the abundance of their joy

Paul speaks of joy as if it were a physical object that could increase in size or quantity. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

3622CO82pr8c0extremity of their poverty ... riches of generosity

Though the churches of Macedonia have suffered testings of affliction and poverty, by God's grace, they have been able to collect money for the believers in Jerusalem.

3632CO82z6mt0great riches of generosity
3642CO83uad60they gave

This refers to the churches in Macedonia.

3652CO83e6ub0of their own free will

voluntarily

3662CO84nmw8figs-explicit0this ministry to the believers
3672CO86z42yfigs-explicit0who had already begun this task
3682CO86vn4ufigs-explicit0to complete among you this act of grace
3692CO87fpe1figs-metaphor0make sure that you excel in this act of grace
3702CO88wn2kfigs-explicit0by comparing it to the eagerness of other people

Paul is encouraging the Corinthians to give generously by comparing them with the generosity of the Macedonian churches. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

3712CO89c1chτὴν χάριν τοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου Κυρίου ἡμῶν1the grace of our Lord
3722CO89iz6zfigs-metaphor0Even though he was rich, for your sakes he became poor

Paul speaks of Jesus before his incarnation as being rich, and of his becoming human as becoming poor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

3732CO89j5ymfigs-metaphor0through his poverty you might become rich

Paul speaks of the Corinthians becoming spiritually rich as a result of Jesus becoming human. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

3742CO810b7htfigs-explicit0In this matter
3752CO811fc27figs-abstractnouns0there was an eagerness and desire to do it
3762CO811d6ly0bring it to completion
3772CO812in3vfigs-doublet0a good and acceptable thing
3782CO812k9wh0It must be based on what a person has

Giving must be based on what a person has

3792CO813mp6kfigs-explicit0For this task
3802CO813smk2figs-activepassive0that others may be relieved and you may be burdened
3812CO813ktd10there should be fairness

there should be equality

3822CO814v7aj0This is also so that their abundance may supply your need
3832CO815ue8wfigs-activepassiveκαθὼς γέγραπται1as it is written
3842CO815u28yfigs-doublenegatives0did not have any lack
3852CO816cr18figs-synecdoche0who put into Titus' heart the same earnest care that I have for you
3862CO816vsm30same earnest care
3872CO817e4xnfigs-explicit0For he not only accepted our appeal
3882CO818rje2μετ’ αὐτοῦ1with him

with Titus

3892CO818jll9figs-activepassive0the brother who is praised among all of the churches
3902CO819j9rk0Not only this

Not only do believers among all of the churches praise him

3912CO819c667figs-activepassive0he also was selected by the churches
3922CO819k7dy0in our carrying out this act of grace
3932CO819v22x0for our eagerness to help

to demonstrate our eagerness to help

3942CO820a3psfigs-abstractnouns0concerning this generosity that we are carrying out
3952CO821n4x10We take care to do what is honorable

We are careful to handle this gift in an honorable way

3962CO821ey5n0before the Lord ... before people

in the Lord's opinion ... in people's opinion

3972CO822d3yjαὐτοῖς1with them
3982CO823mmi20he is my partner and fellow worker for you

he is my partner who works with me to help you

3992CO823lat30As for our brothers

This refers to the two other men who will accompany Titus.

4002CO823u8lxfigs-activepassive0they are sent by the churches
4012CO823a8v2figs-abstractnouns0They are an honor to Christ
4022CO9introlt8d0

2 Corinthians 09 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with verse 9, which is quoted from the Old Testament.

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Metaphors

Paul uses three agricultural metaphors. He uses them to teach about giving to needy believers. The metaphors help Paul explain that God will reward those who give generously. Paul does not say how or when God will reward them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/reward]])

4032CO91rd2gtranslate-names0General Information:

When Paul refers to Achaia, he is talking about a Roman province located in southern Greece where Corinth is located. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

4042CO91wc5l0Connecting Statement:

Paul continues on the subject of giving. He wants to make sure that the collection of their offering for the needy believers in Jerusalem takes place before he comes so that it does not seem as though he takes advantage of them. He talks about how giving blesses the giver and glorifies God.

4052CO91fxs3figs-explicitτῆς διακονίας εἰς τοὺς ἁγίους1the ministry for the believers
4062CO92i529figs-metonymy0Achaia has been getting ready
4072CO93r5ppτοὺς ἀδελφούς1the brothers

This refers to Titus and the two men who accompany him.

4082CO93k1er0our boasting about you may not be futile

Paul does not want others to think that the things that he had boasted about the Corinthians were false.

4092CO94j8ey0find you unprepared

find you unprepared to give

4102CO95q1upfigs-go0the brothers to come to you
4112CO95nm2nfigs-activepassive0not as something extorted
4122CO96mm9wfigs-metaphor0the one who sows ... reap a blessing

Paul uses the image of a farmer sowing seeds to describe the results of giving. As a farmer's harvest is based on how much he sows, so will God's blessings be little or much based on how generously the Corinthians give. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

4132CO97tzt4figs-metonymy0give as he has planned in his heart
4142CO97whg6figs-abstractnouns0not reluctantly or under compulsion
4152CO97t26dἱλαρὸν γὰρ δότην δότην ἀγαπᾷ ὁ Θεός1for God loves a cheerful giver

God wants people to give gladly to help provide for fellow believers.

4162CO98cz9bfigs-metaphor0God is able to make all grace overflow for you
4172CO98zxz9χάριν1grace

This refers here to the physical things a Christian needs, not to the need for God to save him from his sins.

4182CO98u8w60so that you may multiply every good deed

so that you may be able to do more and more good deeds

4192CO99mma1figs-activepassive0It is as it is written
4202CO910p3flἐπιχορηγῶν1He who supplies

God who supplies

4212CO910b1xefigs-metonymyἄρτον εἰς βρῶσιν1bread for food
4222CO910uts1figs-metaphor0will also supply and multiply your seed for sowing
4232CO910ci67figs-metaphor0He will increase the harvest of your righteousness
4242CO910yv670the harvest of your righteousness
4252CO911eey1figs-activepassive0You will be enriched
4262CO911b3e5figs-explicit0This will bring about thanksgiving to God through us
4272CO912l7kqfigs-explicit0For carrying out this service
4282CO912esk7figs-metaphor0but is also overflowing into many acts of thanksgiving to God
4292CO913plj4figs-activepassive0Because of your being tested and proved by this service
4302CO913ze140you will also glorify God by obedience ... by the generosity of your gift to them and to everyone

Paul says that the Corinthians will glorify God both by being faithful to Jesus and by giving generously to other believers who have need.

4312CO915es8cἐπὶ τῇ ἀνεκδιηγήτῳ αὐτοῦ δωρεᾷ1for his inexpressible gift
4322CO10introabcd0
4332CO101yc1g0Connecting Statement:

Paul shifts the subject from giving to affirming his authority to teach as he does.

4342CO101gq7jfigs-abstractnounsδιὰ τῆς πραΰτητος καὶ ἐπιεικείας τοῦ Χριστοῦ1by the humility and gentleness of Christ
4352CO102i6hh0who assume that

who think that

4362CO102ik1pfigs-metonymy0we are living according to the flesh
4372CO103cvd6figs-metonymy0we walk in the flesh
4382CO103k7h8figs-metaphor0we do not wage war

Paul speaks of his trying to persuade the Corinthians to believe him and not the false teachers as if he were fighting a physical war. These words should be translated literally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

4392CO103gpd3figs-metonymy0wage war according to the flesh
4402CO104uf5sfigs-metaphor0the weapons we fight with ... bring to nothing misleading arguments
4412CO104xv6qfigs-metaphor0we fight

Paul speaks of his trying to persuade the Corinthians to believe him and not the false teachers as if he were fighting a physical war. These words should be translated literally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

4422CO104d1gjfigs-metonymy0are not fleshly
4432CO105xuz90every high thing that rises up
4442CO105b74dπᾶν ὕψωμα1every high thing

everything that proud people do

4452CO105vm1afigs-metaphor0rises up against the knowledge of God
4462CO105r2yzfigs-metaphor0We take every thought captive into obedience to Christ
4472CO106m4dsfigs-metonymy0punish every act of disobedience
4482CO107y2ybfigs-rquestion0Look at what is clearly in front of you.
4492CO107z1t5λογιζέσθω ἑαυτοῦ1let him remind himself

he needs to remember

4502CO107f3i90that just as he is Christ's, so also are we

that we belong to Christ just as much as he does

4512CO108d4zufigs-metaphor0to build you up and not to destroy you
4522CO109nw6e0I am terrifying you

I am trying to frighten you

4532CO1010mt6h0serious and powerful

demanding and forceful

4542CO1011m6m60Let such people be aware

I want such people to be aware

4552CO1011g58z0what we are in the words of our letters when we are absent is what we will be in our actions when we are there

we will do the same things when we are there with you that we have written about in our letters while we have been away from you

4562CO1011kb55figs-exclusive0we ... our

All instances of these words refer to Paul's ministry team but not the Corinthians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])

4572CO1012k94z0to group ourselves or compare

to say we are as good as

4582CO1012i85yfigs-parallelism0they measure themselves by one another and compare themselves with each other

Paul is saying much the same thing twice. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

4592CO1012n8sxfigs-metaphor0they measure themselves by one another
4602CO1012zwl50have no insight

show everyone that they do not know anything

4612CO1013x79xfigs-metaphor0General Information:
4622CO1013a4udfigs-idiom0will not boast beyond limits
4632CO1013u84l0within the limits of what God

about things under the authority that God

4642CO1013fx2bfigs-metaphor0limits that reach as far as you
4652CO1014ay6hοὐ ὑπερεκτείνομεν ὑπερεκτείνομεν ἑαυτούς1did not overextend ourselves

did not go beyond our borders

4662CO1015hu9lfigs-idiom0have not boasted beyond limits
4672CO1016raq70another's area

an area God has assigned to someone else

4682CO1017q8cc0boast in the Lord

boast about what the Lord has done

4692CO1018h81tἑαυτὸν συνιστάνων1recommends himself
4702CO1018n5v6figs-activepassive0who is approved
4712CO1018sy2rfigs-ellipsis0it is the one whom the Lord recommends
4722CO11introabce0
4732CO111t7ks0Connecting Statement:

Paul continues to affirm his apostleship.

4742CO111r4q60put up with me in some foolishness

allow me to act like a fool

4752CO112m6vl0jealous ... jealousy

These words speak of a good, strong desire that the Corinthians be faithful to Christ, and that no one should persuade them to leave him.

4762CO112ee9ifigs-metaphor0I promised you in marriage to one husband. I promised to present you as a pure virgin to Christ
4772CO113l2hr0But I am afraid that somehow ... pure devotion to Christ

But I am afraid that somehow your thoughts might be led astray from a sincere and pure devotion to Christ just as the serpent deceived Eve by his craftiness

4782CO113m5znfigs-metaphor0your thoughts might be led astray away
4792CO114wq570For suppose that someone comes and

When anyone comes and

4802CO114l7m80a different spirit than what you received. Or suppose that you receive a different gospel than the one you received

a different spirit than the Holy Spirit, or a different gospel than you received from us

4812CO114fs5z0put up with these things
4822CO115eet1figs-irony0those so-called super-apostles
4832CO116f8d1figs-litotes0I am not untrained in knowledge
4842CO117un9vfigs-rquestion0Did I sin by humbling myself so you might be exalted?
4852CO117ax51δωρεὰν τὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ εὐαγγέλιον εὐηγγελισάμην ὑμῖν1freely preached the gospel of God to you

preached the gospel of God to you without expecting anything from you in return

4862CO118k6dsfigs-ironyἄλλας ἐκκλησίας ἐσύλησα1I robbed other churches
4872CO118a416figs-explicit0I could serve you
4882CO119fc6lfigs-explicit0In everything I have kept myself from being a burden to you
4892CO119a23kοἱ ἀδελφοὶ ἐλθόντες1the brothers who came
4902CO119b35r0I will continue to do that

I never will be a burden to you

4912CO1110si2r0As the truth of Christ is in me, this
4922CO1110nae3figs-activepassive0this boasting of mine will not be silenced
4932CO1110ua2i0this boasting of mine

This refers to what Paul spoke about starting in (2 Corinthians 11:7).

4942CO1110ry9c0parts of Achaia
4952CO1111zqu5figs-rquestionδιὰ τί? ὅτι οὐκ ἀγαπῶ ἀγαπῶ ὑμᾶς?1Why? Because I do not love you?
4962CO1111rj6ffigs-ellipsisὁ Θεὸς οἶδεν1God knows
4972CO1112si5d0Connecting Statement:

As Paul continues to affirm his apostleship, he talks about false apostles.

4982CO1112d9slfigs-metaphor0in order that I may take away the claim
4992CO1112t4jsfigs-activepassive0they are found to be doing the same work that we are doing
5002CO1113ml660For such people

I do what I do because people like them

5012CO1113nq3tἐργάται δόλιοι1deceitful workers

dishonest workers

5022CO1113y8960disguise themselves as apostles

are not apostles, but they try to make themselves look like apostles

5032CO1114v9z4figs-litotes0this is no surprise
5042CO1114ss7sὁ Σατανᾶς μετασχηματίζεται εἰς ἄγγελον φωτός1Satan disguises himself as an angel of light

Satan is not an angel of light, but he tries to make himself look like an angel of light

5052CO1114mld4figs-metaphorἄγγελον φωτός1an angel of light
5062CO1115fvx7figs-litotes0It is no great surprise if
5072CO1115sb58καὶ οἱ διάκονοι αὐτοῦ μετασχηματίζονται ὡς διάκονοι δικαιοσύνης1his servants also disguise themselves as servants of righteousness

his servants are not servants of righteousness, but they try to make themselves look like servants of righteousness

5082CO1116s9620receive me as a fool so I may boast a little

receive me as you would receive a fool: let me talk, and consider my boasting the words of a fool

5092CO1118t4icfigs-metonymy0according to the flesh
5102CO1119u8f30put up with fools
5112CO1119si6lfigs-irony0You are wise yourselves!
5122CO1120lu7dfigs-metaphorὑμᾶς καταδουλοῖ1enslaves you
5132CO1120sr4nfigs-metaphor0he consumes you
5142CO1120yn5t0takes advantage of you

A person takes advantage of another person by knowing things that the other person does not and using that knowledge to help himself and harm the other person.

5152CO1121n8s9figs-irony0I will say to our shame that we were too weak to do that
5162CO1121v8a30Yet if anyone boasts ... I too will boast

Whatever anyone boasts about ... I will dare to boast about it also

5172CO1122qi8w0Connecting Statement:

As Paul continues to confirm his apostleship, he states specific things that have happened to him since he became a believer.

5182CO1122jdq8figs-rquestion0Are they Hebrews? ... Are they Israelites? ... Are they descendants of Abraham?
5192CO1123a4tzfigs-rquestion0Are they servants of Christ? (I speak as though I were out of my mind.) I am more
5202CO1123bq230as though I were out of my mind

as though I were unable to think well

5212CO1123vy54figs-ellipsis0I am more
5222CO1123s8wqἐν κόποις περισσοτέρως1in even more hard work

I have worked harder

5232CO1123dr6x0in far more prisons

I have been in prisons more often

5242CO1123cs3ffigs-idiomἐν πληγαῖς ὑπερβαλλόντως1in beatings beyond measure
5252CO1123r6jv0in facing many dangers of death

and I have almost died many times

5262CO1124ttz20forty lashes minus one

This was a common expression for being whipped 39 times. In Jewish law the most they were allowed to whip a person at one time was forty lashes. So they commonly whipped a person thirty-nine times so that they would be guilty of whipping someone too many times if the accidentally counted wrong.

5272CO1125u9xcfigs-activepassiveἐραβδίσθην1I was beaten with rods
5282CO1125xk9wfigs-activepassiveἐλιθάσθην1I was stoned
5292CO1125b4kz0I have spent a night and a day on the open sea

Paul was referring to floating in the water after the ship he was on sank.

5302CO1126b3j9figs-explicit0in danger from false brothers
5312CO1127ds5hfigs-hyperboleγυμνότητι1nakedness
5322CO1128n1q5figs-metaphor0there is the daily pressure on me of my anxiety
5332CO1129fvz6figs-rquestionτίς ἀσθενεῖ, καὶ οὐκ ἀσθενῶ ἀσθενῶ?1Who is weak, and I am not weak?
5342CO1129hhb2figs-metaphorτίς ἀσθενεῖ, καὶ οὐκ ἀσθενῶ ἀσθενῶ?1Who is weak, and I am not weak?
5352CO1129g5amfigs-rquestion0Who has been caused to stumble, and I do not burn?
5362CO1129xu57figs-metaphorσκανδαλίζεται1has been caused to stumble
5372CO1129jb4vfigs-metaphor0I do not burn
5382CO1130gxe60what shows my weaknesses

what shows how weak I am

5392CO1131yx8zfigs-litotesοὐ ψεύδομαι ψεύδομαι1I am not lying
5402CO1132n383ὁ ἐθνάρχης Ἁρέτα τοῦ βασιλέως ἐφρούρει τὴν πόλιν1the governor under King Aretas was guarding the city

the governor whom King Aretas had appointed had told men to guard the city

5412CO1132j7deπιάσαι με1to arrest me

so that they might catch and arrest me

5422CO1133i8xafigs-activepassiveἐν σαργάνῃ ἐχαλάσθην1I was lowered in a basket
5432CO1133aw7dfigs-metonymyτὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ1from his hands
5442CO12introabcf0
5452CO121iwn30Connecting Statement:

In defending his apostleship from God, Paul continues to state specific things that have happened to him since he became a believer.

5462CO121iur30I will go on to

I will continue talking, but now about

5472CO121rb42figs-hendiadysὀπτασίας καὶ ἀποκαλύψεις Κυρίου1visions and revelations from the Lord
5482CO122cz7u0I know a man in Christ

Paul is actually speaking of himself as if he were speaking of someone else, but this should be translated literally if possible.

5492CO122fth20whether in the body or out of the body, I do not know
5502CO122k4aw0the third heaven

This refers to the dwelling place of God rather than the sky or outer space (the planets, stars, and the universe).

5512CO123cju30General Information:

Paul continues to speak of himself as though he were speaking of someone else.

5522CO124qv5hἡρπάγη εἰς τὸν Παράδεισον1was caught up into paradise
5532CO124wm7yἡρπάγη1caught up

suddenly and forcefully held and taken

5542CO124ic45τὸν Παράδεισον1paradise

Possible meanings are 1) heaven or 2) the third heaven or 3) a special place in heaven.

5552CO125hpq60of such a person

of that person

5562CO125i12f0I will not boast, except about my weaknesses
5572CO126vg130Connecting Statement:

As Paul defends his apostleship from God, he tells of the weakness that God gave him to keep him humble.

5582CO126p8fm0no one will think more of me than what he sees in me or hears from me

no one will give me more credit than what he sees in me or hears from me

5592CO127v5s70General Information:

This verse reveals that Paul was speaking about himself beginning in 2 Corinthians 12:2.

5602CO127xxi20because of the surpassing greatness of the revelations

because those revelations were so much greater than anything anyone else had ever seen

5612CO127hu8gfigs-activepassiveἐδόθη μοι σκόλοψ τῇ σαρκί1a thorn in the flesh was given to me
5622CO127q5e7figs-metaphorσκόλοψ τῇ σαρκί1a thorn in the flesh
5632CO127q7lzἄγγελος Σατανᾶ1a messenger from Satan

a servant of Satan

5642CO127ehp9ὑπεραίρωμαι2overly proud

too proud

5652CO128n76pτρὶς1Three times
5662CO128wc7rὑπὲρ τούτου Κύριον1Lord about this
5672CO129nr2jἀρκεῖ σοι ἡ χάρις μου1My grace is enough for you

I will be kind to you, and that is all you need

5682CO129cs63σοι γὰρ δύναμις ἐν ἀσθενείᾳ τελεῖται1for power is made perfect in weakness

for my power works best when you are weak

5692CO129g8mifigs-metaphorἐπισκηνώσῃ ἐπ’ ἐμὲ ἡ δύναμις τοῦ Χριστοῦ1the power of Christ might reside on me
5702CO1210pxf10I am content for Christ's sake in weaknesses, in insults, in troubles, in persecutions and distressing situations
5712CO1210s5sxἐν ἀσθενείαις1in weaknesses

when I am weak

5722CO1210xl8qἐν ὕβρεσιν1in insults

when people try to make me angry by saying that I am a bad person

5732CO1210hza1ἐν ἀνάγκαις1in troubles

when I am suffering

5742CO1210c4t20distressing situations

when there is trouble

5752CO1210t7qgὅταν γὰρ ἀσθενῶ, τότε δυνατός εἰμι1For whenever I am weak, then I am strong

Paul is saying that when he is no longer strong enough to do what needs to be done, Christ, who is more powerful than Paul could ever be, will work through Paul to do what needs to be done. However, it would be best to translate these words literally, if your language allows.

5762CO1211uph40Connecting Statement:

Paul reminds the believers in Corinth of the true signs of an apostle and of his humility before them to strengthen them.

5772CO1211a1ym0I have become a fool

I am acting like a fool

5782CO1211pzw10You forced me to this

You forced me to talk this way

5792CO1211v2lrfigs-activepassive0I should have been praised by you
5802CO1211f6440praised
5812CO1211h4d5figs-litotes0For I was not at all inferior to
5822CO1211s82xfigs-irony0super-apostles
5832CO1212kp5lfigs-activepassive0The true signs of an apostle were performed
5842CO1212mka50signs ... signs

Use the same word both times.

5852CO1212d4umσημείοις καὶ τέρασιν καὶ δυνάμεσιν1signs and wonders and mighty deeds
5862CO1213z35efigs-rquestion0how were you less important than the rest of the churches, except that ... you?
5872CO1213d426ἐγὼ οὐ κατενάρκησα κατενάρκησα ὑμῶν1I was not a burden to you

I did not ask you for money or other things I needed

5882CO1213sy7vfigs-irony0Forgive me for this wrong!

Paul is being ironic to shame the Corinthians. Both he and they know that he has done them no wrong, but they have been treating him as though he has wronged them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])

5892CO1213u1w9τὴν ἀδικίαν ταύτην1this wrong

not asking them for money and other things he needed

5902CO1214ugk1figs-explicit0I want you
5912CO1214wd97τέκνοις1children should not save up for the parents

Young children are not responsible for saving money or other goods to give to their healthy parents.

5922CO1215vj2mfigs-metaphor0I will most gladly spend and be spent
5932CO1215nk8vfigs-metonymyὑπὲρ ψυχῶν ὑμῶν1for your souls
5942CO1215t3nafigs-rquestion0If I love you more, am I to be loved less?
5952CO1215j887περισσοτέρως1more
5962CO1216ur5xfigs-irony0But, since I am so crafty, I am the one who caught you by deceit
5972CO1217vb7qfigs-rquestion0Did I take advantage of you by anyone I sent to you?
5982CO1218pjl2figs-rquestionἐπλεονέκτησεν ἐπλεονέκτησεν ὑμᾶς Τίτος?1Did Titus take advantage of you?
5992CO1218acg6figs-rquestion0Did we not walk in the same way?
6002CO1218k6b3figs-rquestionπεριεπατήσαμεν περιεπατήσαμεν οὐ τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἴχνεσιν?1Did we not walk in the same steps?
6012CO1219g1iwfigs-rquestion0Do you think all of this time we have been defending ourselves to you?
6022CO1219ih3efigs-metaphor0In the sight of God
6032CO1219vg3ufigs-metaphorὑπὲρ ὑμῶν οἰκοδομῆς1for your strengthening
6042CO1220cu6sοὐχ οἵους θέλω εὕρω εὕρω ὑμᾶς1I may not find you as I wish
6052CO1220zy6g0you might not find me as you wish

you might not like what you see in me

6062CO1220rh1hfigs-abstractnouns0there may be quarreling, jealousy, outbursts of anger, rivalries, slander, gossip, arrogance, and disorder
6072CO1221ddw30I might be grieved by many of those who have sinned before now

I will be grieved because many of them have not given up their old sins

6082CO1221hq1efigs-parallelism0did not repent of the impurity and sexual immorality and lustful indulgence
6092CO1221rh22figs-abstractnounsἐπὶ τῇ ἀκαθαρσίᾳ1of the impurity
6102CO1221rn6ufigs-abstractnouns0of the ... sexual immorality
6112CO1221yyr5figs-abstractnouns0of the ... lustful indulgence
6122CO13introabcg0
6132CO131y8fz0Connecting Statement:

Paul establishes that Christ is speaking through him and that Paul is wanting to restore them, encourage them, and unify them.

6142CO131slj1figs-activepassive0Every accusation must be established by the evidence of two or three witnesses
6152CO132fxl6τοῖς λοιποῖς πᾶσιν1all the rest

all you other people

6162CO134a1bffigs-activepassiveἐσταυρώθη1he was crucified
6172CO134zeh10but we will live with him by the power of God

God gives us the power and ability to live life in and with him.

6182CO135sbx4ἐν ὑμῖν1in you
6192CO137u75efigs-litotes0that you may not do any wrong
6202CO137gt2e0to have passed the test

to be great teachers and live the truth

6212CO138a3l7οὐ δυνάμεθά δυνάμεθά τι κατὰ τῆς ἀληθείας1we are not able to do anything against the truth

we are not able to keep people from learning the truth

6222CO138bt3cἀληθείας2truth, but only for the truth

truth; everything we do will enable people to learn the truth

6232CO139vt7b0may be made complete

may become spiritually mature

6242CO1310rlm8figs-metaphor0so that I may build you up, and not tear you down
6252CO1311uk1p0Connecting Statement:

Paul closes his letter to the Corinthian believers.

6262CO1311fm8m0Work for restoration

Work toward maturity

6272CO1311diw10agree with one another

live in harmony with one another

6282CO1312p1nhἐν ἁγίῳ φιλήματι1with a holy kiss

with Christian love

6292CO1313x2qd0the believers

those whom God has set apart for himself