en_tn/en_tn_47-1CO.tsv

206 KiB

1BookChapterVerseIDSupportReferenceOrigQuoteOccurrenceGLQuoteOccurrenceNote
21COfrontintroe8ey0
31CO1introud5y0
41CO11e8j3Παῦλος1Paul
51CO11qp1ntranslate-namesΣωσθένης, ὁ ἀδελφὸς1Sosthenes our brother
61CO12r9kgτῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ ... ἐν ... Κορίνθῳ1to the church of God at Corinth
71CO12e75pἡγιασμένοις ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ1those who have been sanctified in Christ Jesus
81CO12e8jwfigs-activepassiveτῇ ... οὔσῃ ... κλητοῖς ἁγίοις ... τοῖς ἐπικαλουμένοις1who are called to be holy people
91CO12l21mfigs-metonymyτοῖς ἐπικαλουμένοις τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ1who call on the name of our Lord Jesus Christ
101CO12l9rqfigs-inclusive0their Lord and ours
111CO13gc2b0General Information:

Paul and Sosthenes wrote this letter to the Christians who belonged to the church in Corinth.

121CO13gc2bfigs-you0General Information:
131CO14pt1r0Connecting Statement:

Paul describes the believer's position and fellowship in Christ as they wait for his coming.

141CO14t16dfigs-metaphor0because of the grace of God that Christ Jesus gave to you
151CO15js7f0He has made you rich
161CO15jw1sfigs-hyperboleἐν παντὶ ἐπλουτίσθητε1made you rich in every way
171CO15j48tἐν παντὶ ... λόγῳ1in all speech

God has enabled you to tell others about God's message in many ways.

181CO15qy8cπάσῃ γνώσει1all knowledge

God has enabled you to understand God's message in many ways.

191CO16h9zkτὸ μαρτύριον τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐβεβαιώθη ἐν ὑμῖν1the testimony about Christ has been confirmed as true among you
201CO17t2hdὥστε1Therefore

Because what I have just said is true

211CO17p5y6figs-litotes0you lack no spiritual gift
221CO17fe4qτὴν ἀποκάλυψιν τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ1the revelation of our Lord Jesus Christ
231CO18pif50you will be blameless

There will be no reason for God to condemn you.

241CO19u6w6πιστὸς ὁ Θεὸς1God is faithful

God will do everything he has said he will do

251CO19kx3zguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesτοῦ Υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ1his Son

This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

261CO110spu80Connecting Statement:

Paul reminds the Corinthian believers that they are to live in unity with each other and that the message of the cross of Christ, not baptism by people, is what saves.

271CO110k7gwἀδελφοί1brothers

Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women.

281CO110sw54figs-metonymyδιὰ τοῦ ὀνόματος τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ1through the name of our Lord Jesus Christ
291CO110u4y2ἵνα τὸ αὐτὸ λέγητε πάντες1that you all agree

that you live in harmony with one another

301CO110j75c0that there be no divisions among you

that you do not divide into separate groups among yourselves

311CO110emt2ἦτε ... κατηρτισμένοι ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ νοῒ καὶ ἐν τῇ αὐτῇ γνώμῃ1be joined together with the same mind and by the same purpose

live in unity

321CO111e8jb0Chloe's people

This refers to family members, servants, and others who are part of the household of which Chloe, a woman, is the head.

331CO111vbe6ἔριδες ἐν ὑμῖν εἰσιν1there are factions among you

you are in groups that quarrel one with another

341CO112a57rἕκαστος ὑμῶν λέγει1Each one of you says

Paul is expressing a general attitude of division.

351CO113wf6rfigs-rquestion0Is Christ divided?
361CO113g5qhfigs-rquestion0Was Paul crucified for you?
371CO113tb2ifigs-rquestionεἰς τὸ ὄνομα Παύλου ἐβαπτίσθητε1Were you baptized in the name of Paul?
381CO113zi1yfigs-metonymyεἰς τὸ ὄνομα Παύλου1in the name of Paul
391CO114hhh8οὐδένα ὑμῶν ... εἰ μὴ1none of you, except

only

401CO114vqq6translate-namesΚρίσπον1Crispus

He was a synagogue ruler who became a Christian. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

411CO114lv4ytranslate-namesΓάϊον1Gaius

He traveled with the Apostle Paul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

421CO115hv3mfigs-metonymy0This was so that no one would say that you were baptized into my name
431CO116ed59translate-namesτὸν Στεφανᾶ οἶκον1the household of Stephanas

This refers to the family members and slaves in the house where Stephanas, a man, was the head. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

441CO117tg7iοὐ ... ἀπέστειλέν με Χριστὸς βαπτίζειν1Christ did not send me to baptize

This means that baptism was not the primary goal of Paul's ministry.

451CO117zn1nfigs-activepassive0words of human wisdom ... the cross of Christ should not be emptied of its power
461CO118j7cw0Connecting Statement:

Paul emphasizes God's wisdom rather than man's wisdom.

471CO118fq4xὁ λόγος ... τοῦ σταυροῦ1the message about the cross
481CO118p4wbμωρία ἐστίν1is foolishness
491CO118lq5zτοῖς ... ἀπολλυμένοις1to those who are dying
501CO118ji74δύναμις Θεοῦ ἐστιν1it is the power of God

it is God working powerfully in us

511CO119tc6nτὴν ... σύνεσιν τῶν συνετῶν ἀθετήσω1I will frustrate the understanding of the intelligent
521CO120m6tffigs-rquestion0Where is the wise person? Where is the scholar? Where is the debater of this world?
531CO120rkf9γραμματεύς1the scholar

a person who is recognized as someone who has studied a great deal

541CO120u5j5συνζητητὴς1the debater

a person who argues about what he knows or who is skilled in such arguments

551CO120a7zlfigs-rquestionοὐχὶ ἐμώρανεν ὁ Θεὸς τὴν σοφίαν τοῦ κόσμου1Has not God turned the wisdom of the world into foolishness?
561CO121d7xwτοὺς πιστεύοντας1those who believe
571CO122v9fafigs-exclusive0General Information:
581CO123ntu3figs-activepassiveΧριστὸν ἐσταυρωμένον1Christ crucified
591CO123krw3figs-metaphorσκάνδαλον1a stumbling block
601CO124h7iw0to those whom God has called

to the people God calls

611CO124bgt10we preach Christ
621CO124hu1s0Christ as the power and the wisdom of God
631CO124w9vm0the power ... of God

Another possible meaning is that Christ is powerful and it is through Christ that God saves us.

641CO124p1huΘεοῦ ... σοφίαν1the wisdom of God

Another possible meaning is that God shows the content of his wisdom through Christ.

651CO125h9hhfigs-irony0the foolishness of God is wiser than people, and the weakness of God is stronger than people
661CO126ps3r0Connecting Statement:

Paul emphasizes the believer's position before God.

671CO126w6l10Not many of you
681CO126pws2σοφοὶ κατὰ σάρκα1wise by human standards

what most people would call wise

691CO126w8rvεὐγενεῖς1of noble birth

special because your family is important

701CO127qv5lfigs-parallelism0God chose ... wise. God chose ... strong

Paul repeats many of the same words in two sentences that mean almost the same thing to emphasize the difference between God's way of doing things and how people think God should do them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

711CO127b5n6τὰ μωρὰ τοῦ κόσμου ἐξελέξατο ὁ Θεός, ἵνα καταισχύνῃ τοὺς σοφούς1God chose the foolish things of the world to shame the wise

God chose to use those whom the world thinks are foolish to shame those whom the world thinks are wise

721CO127tsv50God chose what is weak in the world to shame what is strong

God chose to use those whom the world thinks are weak to shame those whom the world thinks are strong

731CO128k3kd0what is low and despised
741CO128ald1figs-activepassive0things that are regarded as nothing
751CO128gj190nothing, to bring to nothing things that are held as valuable

nothing. He did this so he could show that the things that are held as valuable are really worthless

761CO128f11pfigs-activepassive0things that are held as valuable
771CO129q8kq0He did this

God did this

781CO130fmr30Because of what God did

This refers to the work of Christ on the cross.

791CO130a7bsfigs-inclusive0us ... our

These words refer to Paul, those with him, and the Corinthians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])

801CO130f1atfigs-metonymyΧριστῷ Ἰησοῦ, ὃς ἐγενήθη σοφία ἡμῖν ἀπὸ Θεοῦ1Christ Jesus, who became for us wisdom from God
811CO131fym9ὁ καυχώμενος, ἐν Κυρίῳ καυχάσθω1Let the one who boasts, boast in the Lord

If a person boasts, he should boast about how great the Lord is

821CO2introk86p0
831CO21kjc70Connecting Statement:

Paul contrasts human wisdom and God's wisdom. He emphasizes that spiritual wisdom comes from God.

841CO21qvj7ἀδελφοί1brothers

Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women.

851CO22a2g9figs-hyperbole0I decided to know nothing ... except Jesus Christ
861CO23s9lpκἀγὼ ... ἐγενόμην πρὸς ὑμᾶς1I was with you

I was visiting with you

871CO23e8liἐν ἀσθενείᾳ1in weakness
881CO24z81aπειθοῖς σοφίας λόγοις1persuasive words of wisdom

words that sound wise and with which the speaker hopes to cause people to do or believe something

891CO26sg760General Information:
901CO26azm7δὲ λαλοῦμεν1Now we do speak
911CO26uka3figs-abstractnounsσοφίαν ... λαλοῦμεν1speak wisdom
921CO26eq1qτοῖς τελείοις1the mature

mature believers

931CO27k2ctπρὸ τῶν αἰώνων1before the ages

before God created anything

941CO27q2z9εἰς δόξαν ἡμῶν1for our glory

in order to ensure our future glory

951CO28zc89τὸν Κύριον τῆς δόξης1the Lord of glory

Jesus, the glorious Lord

961CO29fu1y0Things that no eye ... imagined, the things ... who love him
971CO29j9ibfigs-metonymy0Things that no eye has seen, no ear has heard, no mind has imagined

This is a triplet referring to all parts of a person to emphasize that no man has ever been aware of the things that God has prepared. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

981CO29t61v0the things that God has prepared for those who love him

The Lord has created in heaven wonderful surprises for those who love him.

991CO210ul140These are the things
1001CO211h4p8figs-rquestionτίς γὰρ οἶδεν ... τὰ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, εἰ μὴ τὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ... ἐν αὐτῷ1For who knows a person's thoughts except the spirit of the person in him?
1011CO211i47dτὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ ἀνθρώπου1spirit of the person

This refers to a person's inner being, his own spiritual nature.

1021CO211gw3ufigs-doublenegatives0no one knows the deep things of God except the Spirit of God
1031CO212zbv8figs-inclusive0General Information:
1041CO212n1c7figs-activepassiveὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ χαρισθέντα ἡμῖν1freely given to us by God
1051CO213u7970The Spirit interprets spiritual words with spiritual wisdom

The Holy Spirit communicates God's truth to believers in the Spirit's own words and gives them his own wisdom.

1061CO213yg450The Spirit interprets spiritual words with spiritual wisdom

The Spirit explains uses his own spiritual wisdom to explain spiritual words

1071CO214cve2figs-inclusive0General Information:
1081CO214hq3uψυχικὸς ... ἄνθρωπος1unspiritual person

the non-Christian person, who has not received the Holy Spirit

1091CO214gwe3ὅτι πνευματικῶς ἀνακρίνεται1because they are spiritually discerned

because understanding these things requires the aid of the Spirit

1101CO215w4q7ὁ ... πνευματικὸς1The one who is spiritual

The believer who has received the Spirit

1111CO216m4pufigs-rquestion0For who can know the mind of the Lord, that he can instruct him?
1121CO3introg6ku0
1131CO31a43d0Connecting Statement:

Paul now reminds the Corinthian believers of how they are actually living instead of behaving as their position before God is. He then reminds them that the person who teaches them is not as important as God who gives their growth.

1141CO31r4iwἀδελφοί1brothers

Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women.

1151CO31jx17πνευματικοῖς1spiritual people

people who obey the Spirit

1161CO31r5w5σαρκίνοις1fleshly people

people who follow their own desires

1171CO31ja6tfigs-metaphorὡς ... σαρκίνοις, ὡς νηπίοις ἐν Χριστῷ1as to little children in Christ
1181CO32vg2vfigs-metaphor0I fed you milk, not solid food

The Corinthians can understand only easy truths like babies who can drink only milk. They are not mature enough to understand greater truths like older children who now can eat solid food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1191CO32vt3efigs-explicit0you are not yet ready
1201CO33m712ἔτι ... σαρκικοί1still fleshly

still behaving according to sinful or worldly desires

1211CO33k5llfigs-rquestion0are you not living according to the flesh, and are you not walking by human standards?
1221CO34s96gfigs-rquestion0are you not living as human beings?
1231CO35m463figs-rquestionτί οὖν ἐστιν Ἀπολλῶς? τί ... ἐστιν Παῦλος1Who then is Apollos? Who is Paul?
1241CO35lq6nfigs-rquestionτί ... ἐστιν ... Παῦλος1Who is Paul?
1251CO35qmy2figs-ellipsisδιάκονοι δι’ ὧν ἐπιστεύσατε1Servants through whom you believed
1261CO35f6wmfigs-ellipsis0Servants through whom you believed, to each of whom the Lord gave tasks
1271CO36iah7figs-metaphorἐγὼ ἐφύτευσα1I planted
1281CO36gyi5figs-metaphorἈπολλῶς ἐπότισεν1Apollos watered
1291CO36iq9nfigs-metaphorἀλλὰ ὁ Θεὸς ηὔξανεν1but God gave the growth
1301CO37dl3z0neither he who plants ... is anything. But it is God who gives the growth

Paul stresses that neither he nor Apollos is responsible for the believers' spiritual growth, but it is God's doing.

1311CO37c68gfigs-abstractnouns0it is God who gives the growth
1321CO38s16bfigs-metaphorὁ φυτεύων ... καὶ ὁ ποτίζων, ἕν εἰσιν1he who plants and he who waters are one

Paul speaks of telling people the good news and teaching those who have accepted it as if they were planting and watering plants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1331CO38za43ἕν εἰσιν1are one
1341CO38zd36μισθὸν1wages

an amount of money that a worker receives for his work

1351CO39gj26figs-exclusiveἐσμεν1we

This refers to Paul and Apollos but not the Corinthian church. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])

1361CO39r9snΘεοῦ ... συνεργοί1God's fellow workers

Paul considers himself and Apollos as working together.

1371CO39lqg1figs-metaphorΘεοῦ ... γεώργιον ... ἐστε1You are God's garden
1381CO39l2fqfigs-metaphorΘεοῦ ... οἰκοδομή1God's building
1391CO310iln9figs-activepassiveκατὰ τὴν χάριν τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν δοθεῖσάν μοι1According to the grace of God that was given to me
1401CO310a69qfigs-metaphorθεμέλιον ἔθηκα1I laid a foundation

Paul equates his teaching of faith and salvation in Jesus Christ to laying a foundation for a building. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1411CO310pwi7figs-metaphor0another is building on it

Paul is referring to the person or people who are teaching the Corinthians at that time as if they are carpenters who are constructing the building above the foundation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1421CO310px9cἕκαστος ... βλεπέτω1let each man
1431CO311jt2bfigs-activepassive0no one can lay a foundation other than the one that has been laid
1441CO312np7c0General Information:

Paul speaks of what builders usually do when constructing a building to describe what the teachers in Corinth are actually doing. Builders usually only use gold, silver, or precious stones as decorations on buildings.

1451CO312nbu2figs-metaphor0Now if anyone builds on the foundation with gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, or straw
1461CO312i14yλίθους τιμίους1precious stones

expensive stones

1471CO313t2mkfigs-activepassiveτὸ ἔργον φανερὸν γενήσεται1his work will be revealed
1481CO313mv14figs-metaphorἡ ... ἡμέρα δηλώσει, ὅτι ... ἀποκαλύπτεται1for the daylight will reveal it
1491CO313ndu3figs-metaphor0For it will be revealed in fire. The fire will test the quality of what each one had done
1501CO314t8yv0General Information:
1511CO314s4u3τὸ ἔργον μενεῖ1work remains
1521CO315c2xjfigs-activepassiveεἴ τινος τὸ ἔργον κατακαήσεται1if anyone's work is burned up
1531CO315ups4figs-abstractnounsζημιωθήσεται1he will suffer loss
1541CO315w1zvfigs-activepassiveαὐτὸς ... σωθήσεται ... δὲ1but he himself will be saved
1551CO316uq2gfigs-rquestion0Do you not know that you are God's temple and that the Spirit of God lives in you?
1561CO318glg8μηδεὶς ἑαυτὸν ἐξαπατάτω1Let no one deceive himself

Nobody should believe the lie that he himself is wise in this world.

1571CO318p3wiἐν ... αἰῶνι τούτῳ1in this age

according to the way people who do not believe decide what is wise

1581CO318s7xifigs-ironyμωρὸς γενέσθω1
1591CO319zws3ὁ δρασσόμενος τοὺς σοφοὺς ἐν τῇ πανουργίᾳ αὐτῶν1He catches the wise in their craftiness

God traps the people who think they are clever and uses their own schemes to trap them.

1601CO320la6xΚύριος γινώσκει τοὺς διαλογισμοὺς τῶν σοφῶν, ὅτι εἰσὶν μάταιοι1The Lord knows that the reasoning of the wise is futile

The Lord knows that what people who think they are wise plan to do is futile

1611CO320kz2uμάταιοι1futile

useless

1621CO323nj480you are Christ's, and Christ is God's

you belong to Christ, and Christ belongs to God

1631CO4introvg5z0
1641CO41k1v50Connecting Statement:

Having just reminded the people not to be proud concerning who taught them about the Lord and who had baptized them, Paul reminds the Corinthian believers that all believers are to be humble servants.

1651CO42th8efigs-123person0what is required of stewards
1661CO43k6nc0it is a very small thing that I should be judged by you

Paul is comparing the difference between human judgment and God's judgment. Man's judgment is not important compared to God's true judgment upon man.

1671CO44u9jd0I am not aware of any charge being made against me

I have not heard anyone accuse me of doing wrong

1681CO44h3wl0that does not mean I am innocent. It is the Lord who judges me

that lack of accusation does not prove I am innocent. The Lord knows if I am innocent or guilty

1691CO45qi3gὥστε1Therefore

Because what I have just said is true

1701CO45wl3ifigs-metaphorὃς ... φωτίσει τὰ κρυπτὰ τοῦ σκότους, καὶ φανερώσει τὰς βουλὰς τῶν καρδιῶν1He will bring to light the hidden things of darkness and reveal the purposes of the heart
1711CO46ijn5ἀδελφοί1brothers

Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women.

1721CO46ziz9δι’ ὑμᾶς1for your sakes

for your welfare

1731CO47fnu3figs-you0between you ... do you have that you did not ... you have freely ... do you boast ... you had not
1741CO47gtb5figs-rquestion0For who sees any difference between you and others?
1751CO47r6ywfigs-rquestion0What do you have that you did not freely receive?
1761CO47e8l2figs-rquestion0why do you boast as if you had not done so?
1771CO47rqd70as if you had not done so
1781CO48yp8sfigs-irony0General Information:

Paul uses irony here to shame the Corinthians and make them realize that they are sinning when they are proud of themselves and their teachers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])

1791CO49bb41figs-parallelismὁ Θεὸς ἡμᾶς τοὺς ἀποστόλους ... ἀπέδειξεν1God has put us apostles on display

Paul expresses two ways how God has put his apostles on display for the world to see. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

1801CO49vfq3figs-metaphorἡμᾶς τοὺς ἀποστόλους ... ἀπέδειξεν1has put us apostles on display

God has displayed the apostles just like prisoners at the end of a Roman military parade, who are humiliated before their execution. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1811CO49cs4rfigs-metaphor0like men sentenced to death

God put the apostles on display like men who are about to be executed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1821CO49cqh4figs-merismἀνθρώποις1to the world—to angels, and to human beings
1831CO410fkw2figs-irony0We are fools ... in dishonor

Paul uses irony to shame the Corinthians so they will think about what he is saying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])

1841CO410wqh70You are held in honor

People treat you Corinthians as though you are important people

1851CO410z22c0we are held in dishonor

people shame us apostles

1861CO411i298ἄχρι τῆς ἄρτι ὥρας1Up to this present hour
1871CO411jj2yfigs-activepassiveγυμνιτεύομεν ... κολαφιζόμεθα1we are brutally beaten
1881CO411yhf4ἀστατοῦμεν1we are homeless

Paul means that they had places to stay, but they had to move around from place to place. They had no fixed home.

1891CO412n389figs-activepassiveλοιδορούμενοι, εὐλογοῦμεν1When we are reviled, we bless
1901CO412kue7figs-activepassiveδιωκόμενοι1When we are persecuted
1911CO413a6hpfigs-activepassiveδυσφημούμενοι1When we are slandered
1921CO413xz660We have become, and are still considered to be, the refuse of the world

People began to consider us—and they still consider us—to be the garbage of the world

1931CO414k1at0I do not write these things to shame you, but to correct you
1941CO414t8jcνουθετῶ1correct

tell someone that what they are doing is wrong and will cause bad things to happen

1951CO414ruu5figs-metaphorτέκνα μου ἀγαπητὰ1my beloved children

Because Paul had led the Corinthians to Christ, they are like his spiritual children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1961CO415n8c1figs-hyperboleμυρίους παιδαγωγοὺς1ten thousand guardians
1971CO415m9ek0I became your father in Christ Jesus through the gospel
1981CO415n9hpfigs-metaphor0I became your father

Because Paul had led the Corinthians to Christ, he is like a father to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1991CO417hi7wμου τέκνον, ἀγαπητὸν καὶ πιστὸν ἐν Κυρίῳ1my beloved and faithful child in the Lord

whom I love and whom I teach about the Lord as if he were my own child

2001CO418v4fnδέ1Now

This word indicates that Paul is shifting his topic to rebuking the arrogant behavior of the Corinthian believers.

2011CO419jdk5ἐλεύσομαι ... πρὸς ὑμᾶς1I will come to you

I will visit you

2021CO421ix5gfigs-rquestionτί θέλετε1What do you want?
2031CO421wv61figs-rquestion0Shall I come to you with a rod or with love and in a spirit of gentleness
2041CO421ix7lπραΰτητος1of gentleness
2051CO5introvb3l0

1 Corinthians 05 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page to make them easier to read. The ULT does this with the quoted words of verse 13.

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Euphemisms

Paul uses euphemisms to describe sensitive topics. This chapter deals with sexual immorality of one church member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fornication]])

Metaphor

Paul uses an extended comparison using many metaphors. Yeast represents evil. The loaf probably represents the whole congregation. The unleavened bread represents living purely. So the whole passage means: Don't you know that a little evil will affect the whole congregation? So get rid of the evil so you can live purely. Christ has been sacrificed for us. So let us be sincere and truthful and not wicked and behaving badly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/unleavenedbread]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/purify]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]])

Rhetorical questions

Paul uses rhetorical questions in this chapter. He uses them to emphasize important points as he teaches the Corinthians. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion)

2061CO51e66c0Connecting Statement:

Paul now specifically states about what sin of theirs he has heard, and how the Corinthian believers are proud of their acceptance of that man and his sin.

2071CO51dlj2figs-activepassive0that is not even permitted among the Gentiles
2081CO51b9xn0A man has his father's wife

A man among you is commiting adultery with his father's wife

2091CO51lxp1γυναῖκά ... πατρὸς1father's wife

the wife of his father, but probably not his own mother

2101CO52zk7gfigs-rquestion0Should you not mourn instead?
2111CO52rr93figs-activepassiveἀρθῇ ἐκ μέσου ὑμῶν ὁ ... τοῦτο ποιήσας1The one who did this must be removed from among you
2121CO53xm4eπαρὼν ... τῷ πνεύματι1I am present in spirit
2131CO53ax3uἤδη κέκρικα ... τὸν ... τοῦτο κατεργασάμενον1I have already passed judgment on the one who did this
2141CO54m9yz0When you are assembled
2151CO54t83dfigs-metonymyἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ1in the name of our Lord Jesus
2161CO55xcf6figs-metaphorπαραδοῦναι τὸν τοιοῦτον τῷ Σατανᾷ1hand this man over to Satan
2171CO55nq4yfigs-metaphorεἰς ὄλεθρον τῆς σαρκός1for the destruction of the flesh
2181CO55z2clfigs-activepassiveἵνα τὸ πνεῦμα σωθῇ ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου1so that his spirit may be saved on the day of the Lord
2191CO56h2hk0Your boasting is not good

Your boasting is bad

2201CO56ng4mfigs-metaphorοὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι μικρὰ ζύμη, ὅλον τὸ φύραμα ζυμοῖ1Do you not know that a little yeast leavens the whole loaf?

Just as a little yeast spreads throughout a whole loaf of bread, so can a little sin impact the entire fellowship of believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2211CO57ret3figs-metaphorτὸ Πάσχα ἡμῶν ἐτύθη, Χριστός1Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed
2221CO59nrb4πόρνοις1sexually immoral people

This refers to people who claim to believe in Christ but behave in this manner.

2231CO510xp48τοῖς πόρνοις τοῦ κόσμου τούτου1the immoral people of this world

people who have chosen to live an immoral lifestyle, who are not believers

2241CO510taf5τοῖς ... πλεονέκταις1the greedy
2251CO510hu63ἅρπαξιν1swindlers

This means people who cheat to get others' property.

2261CO510m59jὠφείλετε ... ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου ἐξελθεῖν1you would need to go out of the world

you would need to avoid all people

2271CO511wcm20Connecting Statement:

Paul tells them how to treat believers in the church who refuse to be corrected for their involvement in sexual immorality and other obvious sins before others.

2281CO511w9w8τις ... ὀνομαζόμενος1anyone who is called

anyone who calls himself

2291CO511b4usἀδελφὸς1brother

Here this means a fellow Christian, either a man or a woman.

2301CO512xeu7figs-rquestion0how am I involved with judging those who are outside the church?
2311CO512m4s6figs-rquestion0are you not to judge those who are inside the church?
2321CO6intros6hb0

1 Corinthians 06 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Lawsuits

Paul teaches that a Christian should not take another Christian to court before a non-Christian judge. It is better to be cheated. Christians will judge the angels. So they should be able to solve problems among themselves. It is especially bad to use a court to cheat another believer. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Metaphor

The temple of the Holy Spirit is an important metaphor. It refers to the place where the Holy Spirit stays and is worshiped. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

Rhetorical questions

Paul uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. He uses them to emphasize important points as he teaches the Corinthians. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion)

2331CO61hv790Connecting Statement:

Paul then explains how believers are to settle disagreements with other believers.

2341CO61q5d3πρᾶγμα1dispute

disagreement or argument

2351CO61gmy5figs-rquestion0does he dare to go ... saints?
2361CO61f7s80civil court

where a local government judge considers cases and decides who is right

2371CO62i1m5figs-rquestionοὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι οἱ ἅγιοι τὸν κόσμον κρινοῦσιν1Do you not know that the believers will judge the world?

Paul is shaming the Corinthians for acting like they do not know. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

2381CO62i67ffigs-rquestion0If then, you will judge the world, are you not able to settle matters of little importance?
2391CO63h3740judge matters of this life

stop arguments about things that have to do with this life

2401CO63us55figs-rquestionοὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι ἀγγέλους κρινοῦμεν1Do you not know that we will judge the angels?
2411CO63v5r5figs-inclusiveκρινοῦμεν1we

Paul includes himself and the Corinthians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])

2421CO63x6h3figs-rquestion0How much more, then, can we judge matters of this life?
2431CO64vw5tfigs-rquestion0If then you have to make judgments that pertain to daily life, why do you lay such cases as these before those who have no standing in the church?
2441CO64xn320If then you have to make judgments that pertain to daily life
2451CO64e791figs-rquestion0why do you lay such cases as these before those who have no standing in the church?
2461CO65b2vyπρὸς ἐντροπὴν ὑμῖν1to your shame
2471CO65fue4figs-rquestion0Is there no one among you wise enough to settle a dispute between brothers?
2481CO65l1hdτοῦ ἀδελφοῦ1brothers

Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women.

2491CO65h8svδιακρῖναι1dispute

argument or disagreement

2501CO66g8j60But as it stands
2511CO66m7ls0one believer goes to court against another believer, and that case is placed before a judge who is an unbeliever

believers who have disputes with each other ask unbelieving judges to make decisions for them

2521CO66v4rdfigs-activepassive0that case is placed
2531CO67sv9jἤδη ... ἥττημα ... ἐστιν1is already a defeat

is already a failure

2541CO67tn9mfigs-rquestion0Why not rather suffer the wrong? Why not rather allow yourselves to be cheated?
2551CO68kk7b0your own brothers
2561CO69h17lfigs-rquestionοὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι1Do you not know that
2571CO69t1rtfigs-metaphorκληρονομήσουσιν1inherit

Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2581CO69vqx4Θεοῦ Βασιλείαν ... κληρονομήσουσιν1inherit the kingdom of God

God will not judge them as righteous at the judgment, and they will not enter eternal life.

2591CO69h2nafigs-merism0male prostitutes, those who practice homosexuality

Possible meanings are 1) this is a merism for all homosexual activity or 2) Paul is naming two different activities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

2601CO69blc70male prostitutes

Possible meanings are 1) men who allow other men to sleep with them or 2) men who allow men who pay them to sleep with them or 3) men who allow other men to sleep with them as part of a religious activity.

2611CO69qja80those who practice homosexuality

men who sleep with other men

2621CO610f7gpκλέπται1thieves

people who steal from others

2631CO610bgj90the greedy

people who are willing to use evil means to take others' property

2641CO611v5yqfigs-activepassive0you have been cleansed
2651CO611u8klfigs-activepassiveἡγιάσθητε1you have been sanctified
2661CO611gnr6figs-activepassive0you have been made right with God
2671CO611s55xfigs-metonymyἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ1in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ
2681CO612sw2e0Connecting Statement:

Paul reminds the Corinthian believers that God wants them pure because Christ has bought them with his death. Their bodies are now God's temple. He does so by saying what the Corinthians might say and then correcting them.

2691CO612r4mxπάντα μοι ἔξεστιν1Everything is lawful for me
2701CO612q7dcἀλλ’ οὐ πάντα συμφέρει1but not everything is beneficial
2711CO612c8vzfigs-activepassive0I will not be mastered by any of them
2721CO613jz550
2731CO613jta40Food is for the stomach, and the stomach is for food
2741CO613uc1vκαταργήσει1do away with

destroy

2751CO614ev9lτὸν Κύριον ἤγειρεν1raised the Lord

caused the Lord to live again

2761CO615gt2xfigs-metaphorοὐκ οἴδατε, ὅτι τὰ σώματα ὑμῶν μέλη Χριστοῦ ἐστιν1Do you not know that your bodies are members of Christ?
2771CO615f4vdfigs-rquestion0Shall I then take away the members of Christ and join them to a prostitute? May it not be!
2781CO615kmt2μὴ γένοιτο1May it not be!
2791CO616seg6figs-rquestion0Do you not know that ... her?
2801CO616z54kfigs-activepassive0he who is joined to a prostitute becomes one flesh with her
2811CO617c2tbfigs-activepassive0he who is joined to the Lord becomes one spirit with him
2821CO618ex92figs-metaphorφεύγετε1Run away from
2831CO618sc9dfigs-explicit0immorality! Every other sin that a person commits is outside the body, but
2841CO618jr46ἁμάρτημα ὃ ... ποιήσῃ ἄνθρωπος1sin that a person commits

evil deed that a person does

2851CO619qy5jfigs-rquestion0Do you not know ... God? ... that you are not your own?
2861CO619bb35τὸ σῶμα ὑμῶν1your body

the body of each individual Christian is a temple of the Holy Spirit

2871CO619d2mcfigs-metaphorναὸς τοῦ ... Ἁγίου Πνεύματός1temple of the Holy Spirit

A temple is dedicated to divine beings, and it is also where they dwell. In the same way, each Corinthian believer's body is like a temple because the Holy Spirit is present within them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2881CO620qv47figs-activepassive0For you were bought with a price
2891CO620y7feδὴ1Therefore

Because what I have just said is true

2901CO7introa25m0

1 Corinthians 07 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Paul begins to answer a series of questions that the Corinthians may have asked him. The first question is about marriage. The second question is about a slave trying to become free, a Gentile becoming a Jew, or a Jew becoming a Gentile.

Special concepts in this chapter

Divorce

Paul says married Christians should not divorce. A Christian married to an unbeliever should not leave their husband or wife. If the unbelieving husband or wife leaves, this is not a sin. Paul advises that, because of the difficult times and being near to time that Jesus will return, it is acceptable to remain unmarried. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Euphemisms

Paul uses many euphemisms to discreetly refer to sexual relations. This is often a sensitive topic. Many cultures do not wish to speak openly about these matters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

2911CO71iue70Connecting Statement:

Paul gives the believers some specific instructions on marriage.

2921CO71y4lxδὲ1Now

Paul is introducing a new topic in his teaching.

2931CO71jq21ὧν ἐγράψατε1the issues you wrote about

The Corinthians had written a letter to Paul to ask for answers to certain questions.

2941CO71erl5καλὸν ἀνθρώπῳ, γυναικὸς μὴ ἅπτεσθαι1It is good for a man not to touch a woman.
2951CO71ui5cκαλὸν1It is good

It is most helpful

2961CO71cm7yἀνθρώπῳ1for a man
2971CO71mx7wfigs-euphemismγυναικὸς μὴ ἅπτεσθαι1not to touch a woman
2981CO72c3uqδιὰ δὲ1But because
2991CO72fys40But because of temptations for many immoral acts, each
3001CO73mj8lfigs-euphemismὀφειλὴν1sexual rights

Both husbands and wives are obligated to regularly sleep with their spouses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

3011CO73vhv1figs-ellipsisὁμοίως ... ἡ γυνὴ τῷ ἀνδρί1likewise the wife to her husband
3021CO75qq7ufigs-euphemismμὴ ἀποστερεῖτε ἀλλήλους1Do not deprive each other
3031CO75uq6x0so that you may devote yourselves to prayer

in order to have a period of especially deep prayer

3041CO75d3erσχολάσητε1devote yourselves

commit yourselves

3051CO75s1ya0come together again

sleep together again

3061CO75ii8nδιὰ τὴν ἀκρασίαν ὑμῶν1because of your lack of self-control

because after some days, your sexual desires will be harder to keep under control

3071CO76xe7r0I say these things to you as a concession and not as a command

Possible meanings are Paul is telling the Corinthians that he is allowing them, but not commanding them, 1) to marry and sleep together or 2) to stop sleeping together for a time.

3081CO77rbe70were as I am

Either Paul had never married or his wife had died. It is unlikely that he had been through a divorce.

3091CO77w9ld0But each one has his own gift from God. One has this kind of gift, and another that kind

God enables people to do different things. He enables one person to do one thing and another person to do something different

3101CO78a58lτοῖς ἀγάμοις1the unmarried

this those who are not married

3111CO78fq46ταῖς χήραις1to widows

to women whose husband has died

3121CO78r27x0it is good

See how you translated this in 1 Corinthians 7:1.

3131CO79ty79πυροῦσθαι1to burn with passion

to live with the constant desire to sleep with someone

3141CO710hc5pἀπὸ ... μὴ χωρισθῆναι1should not separate from
3151CO711lxf7figs-activepassiveτῷ ἀνδρὶ καταλλαγήτω1be reconciled to her husband
3161CO711jd5wμὴ ἀφιέναι1should not divorce
3171CO712k9yd0content

willing or satisfied

3181CO713mw6kἄνδρα1husband
3191CO714l84pfigs-activepassive0For the unbelieving husband is set apart because of his wife
3201CO714s3gw0husband ... wife
3211CO714w5y9figs-activepassive0the unbelieving wife is set apart because of the brother
3221CO714i1x4τῷ ἀδελφῷ1the brother

the believing man or husband

3231CO714fmu5figs-activepassiveἅγιά ἐστιν1they are set apart
3241CO715jef4figs-metaphor0In such cases, the brother or sister is not bound to their vows
3251CO716l559figs-you0do you know, woman ... you will save your husband ... do you know, man ... you will save your wife
3261CO716h5tdfigs-rquestionτί ... οἶδας, γύναι, εἰ τὸν ἄνδρα σώσεις1how do you know, woman, whether you will save your husband?
3271CO716dbz6figs-rquestionτί ... οἶδας ... ἄνερ, εἰ τὴν γυναῖκα σώσεις1how do you know, man, whether you will save your wife?
3281CO717ya76ἑκάστῳ1each one

each believer

3291CO717iid20This is my rule in all the churches

Paul was teaching believers in all the churches to act in this manner.

3301CO718unc4figs-rquestion0Was anyone circumcised when he was called to believe
3311CO718fqv6figs-rquestion0Was anyone uncircumcised when he was called to faith
3321CO720yy8lfigs-inclusive0General Information:
3331CO720hsz1ἐν τῇ κλήσει ... μενέτω1remain in the calling
3341CO721ag5afigs-you0Were you ... called you? Do not be ... you can become
3351CO721nli9figs-rquestion0Were you a slave when God called you? Do not be concerned
3361CO722l6vqἀπελεύθερος Κυρίου1the Lord's freeman

This freeman is forgiven by God and therefore free from Satan and sin.

3371CO723m53pfigs-activepassiveτιμῆς ἠγοράσθητε1You have been bought with a price
3381CO724qu1lἀδελφοί1Brothers

Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women.

3391CO724c83efigs-activepassive0when we were called to believe
3401CO725f71a0Now concerning those who never married, I have no commandment from the Lord
3411CO725vaa40I give my opinion

I tell you what I think

3421CO725qqz70as one who, by the Lord's mercy, is trustworthy

because, by the Lord's mercy, I am trustworthy

3431CO727a77xfigs-you0General Information:
3441CO727k9tdfigs-rquestionδέδεσαι γυναικί? μὴ ζήτει1Are you married to a wife? Do not ...
3451CO727x2lkμὴ ζήτει λύσιν1Do not seek a divorce
3461CO727d79cμὴ ζήτει ... γυναῖκα1do not seek a wife

do not try to get married

3471CO728whf5figs-explicit0I want to spare you from this
3481CO729r594ὁ καιρὸς συνεσταλμένος ἐστίν1The time is short
3491CO730vm8kοἱ κλαίοντες1weep

cry or grieve with tears

3501CO731t41vοἱ χρώμενοι τὸν κόσμον1those who use the world

those who deal every day with unbelievers

3511CO731jl2r0should not act as though they are using it to the full

should show by their actions that they have their hope in God

3521CO732t4abfigs-idiomἀμερίμνους1free from worries
3531CO732d4zdμεριμνᾷ1concerned about

focused on

3541CO734ug6nμεριμνᾷ1he is divided

he is trying to please God and please his wife at the same time

3551CO735rp3wβρόχον1constraint

restriction

3561CO735ffx40may be devoted to

can concentrate on

3571CO736jn8j0not treating ... with respect
3581CO736crb80his fiancée
3591CO736wdj5γαμείτωσαν1They should marry
3601CO737nm99figs-metaphor0But if he is standing firm in his heart
3611CO739d413figs-metaphor0A woman is bound to her husband
3621CO739ms7z0for as long as he lives

until he dies

3631CO739y6rzᾧ θέλει1whomever she wishes

anyone she wants

3641CO739rr2dἐν Κυρίῳ1in the Lord

if the new husband is a believer

3651CO740hwz4τὴν ἐμὴν γνώμην1my judgment

my understanding of God's word

3661CO740hd7fμακαριωτέρα1happier

more contented, more joyful

3671CO740pse40lives as she is

remains unmarried

3681CO8introc8l60
3691CO81jf6hfigs-inclusive0General Information:
3701CO81nzt40Connecting Statement:

Paul reminds the believers that though idols have no power, believers must be careful not to affect the weaker believers who might think they care about the idols. He tells believers to be careful with the liberty believers have in Christ.

3711CO81cep1περὶ δὲ1Now about

Paul uses this phrase to move on to the next question the Corinthians had asked him.

3721CO81g5t30food sacrificed to idols

Gentile worshipers would offer grain, fish, fowl, or meat, to their gods. The priest would burn a portion of it on the altar. Paul is speaking of the portion the priest would give back for the worshiper to eat or sell in the market.

3731CO81ri3sfigs-metaphorἡ γνῶσις φυσιοῖ1Knowledge puffs up
3741CO81yw8sfigs-abstractnounsἡ ... δὲ ἀγάπη οἰκοδομεῖ1but love builds up
3751CO81an8sfigs-metaphorἀγάπη οἰκοδομεῖ1love builds up
3761CO82qbh9δοκεῖ ἐγνωκέναι τι1thinks he knows something

believes he knows everything about something

3771CO83etd6figs-activepassiveοὗτος ἔγνωσται ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ1that person is known by him
3781CO84v4gxfigs-inclusive0General Information:
3791CO84y3eefigs-explicit0We know that an idol in this world is nothing and that there is no God but one
3801CO85sl8jλεγόμενοι θεοὶ1so-called gods

things that people call gods

3811CO85l7ibθεοὶ ... πολλοὶ καὶ κύριοι πολλοί1
3821CO86y6hq0Yet for us there is only one God

Yet we know that there is only one God

3831CO87th5p0General Information:
3841CO87v7lt0everyone ... some

all people ... some people who are now Christians

3851CO87ba7eμολύνεται1corrupted

ruined or harmed

3861CO88ii4mfigs-personification0food will not present us to God
3871CO88x91vfigs-doublenegatives0We are not worse if we do not eat, nor better if we do eat it
3881CO89f3dsτοῖς ἀσθενέσιν1someone who is weak

believers not strong in their faith

3891CO810usg7figs-you0sees you, who have

Paul is speaking to the Corinthians as if they were one person, so these words are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

3901CO810i6ej0his ... conscience

what he understands to be right and wrong

3911CO810x5paοἰκοδομηθήσεται, εἰς ... ἐσθίειν1emboldened to eat

encouraged to eat

3921CO811ez6tfigs-youτῇ σῇ γνώσει1your understanding
3931CO811g5tn0the weaker one ... is destroyed

The brother or sister who is not strong in his or her faith will sin or lose his or her faith.

3941CO813i8tbδιόπερ1Therefore

Because what I have just said is true

3951CO813vf92figs-metonymyεἰ βρῶμα σκανδαλίζει1if food causes
3961CO9introz8d40
3971CO91fu7x0Connecting Statement:

Paul explains how he uses the liberty he has in Christ.

3981CO91mdm4figs-rquestionοὐκ εἰμὶ ἐλεύθερος1Am I not free?
3991CO91dbp9figs-rquestionοὐκ εἰμὶ ... ἀπόστολος1Am I not an apostle?
4001CO91re1tfigs-rquestionοὐχὶ Ἰησοῦν τὸν Κύριον ἡμῶν ἑόρακα1Have I not seen Jesus our Lord?
4011CO91zd7efigs-rquestionοὐ τὸ ἔργον μου ὑμεῖς ἐστε ἐν Κυρίῳ1Are you not my workmanship in the Lord?
4021CO92j6qzfigs-metonymyἡ ... σφραγίς μου τῆς ἀποστολῆς, ὑμεῖς ἐστε ἐν Κυρίῳ1you are the proof of my apostleship in the Lord
4031CO93b17x0This is my defense ... me:
4041CO94mr4gfigs-rquestionμὴ οὐκ ἔχομεν ἐξουσίαν φαγεῖν καὶ πεῖν1Do we not have the right to eat and drink?
4051CO94p4vqfigs-exclusiveἔχομεν1we
4061CO95s9k8figs-rquestion0Do we not have the right to take along with us a wife who is a believer, as do the rest of the apostles, and the brothers of the Lord, and Cephas?
4071CO96wx1pfigs-rquestion0Or is it only Barnabas and I who must work?
4081CO97f3qffigs-rquestionτίς στρατεύεται ἰδίοις ὀψωνίοις1Who serves as a soldier at his own expense?
4091CO97zh5mfigs-rquestionτίς ... φυτεύει ἀμπελῶνα, καὶ τὸν καρπὸν αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἐσθίει1Who plants a vineyard and does not eat its fruit?
4101CO97r1ihfigs-rquestion0Or who tends a flock and does not drink milk from it?
4111CO98jld4figs-rquestionκατὰ ἄνθρωπον, ταῦτα λαλῶ1Do I say these things based on human authority?
4121CO98vy1nfigs-rquestion0Does not the law also say this?
4131CO99h2d3figs-youοὐ φιμώσεις1Do not put

Moses was speaking to the Israelites as if they were one person, so this command is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

4141CO99sxk2figs-rquestion0Is it really the oxen that God cares about?
4151CO910x84tfigs-rquestion0Is he not speaking about us?
4161CO910f8f4figs-exclusive0about us
4171CO911g1whfigs-rquestion0is it too much for us to reap material things from you?
4181CO912lld4figs-exclusive0If others exercised ... you, do we not have even more?
4191CO912v333εἰ ἄλλοι τῆς ... ἐξουσίας μετέχουσιν1If others exercised this right
4201CO912nr6uἄλλοι1others

other workers of the gospel

4211CO912q7vjτῆς ... ἐξουσίας1this right

the right to have the believers at Corinth provide for the living expenses of those who told them the good news

4221CO912vt6tἐνκοπὴν δῶμεν τῷ1be a hindrance to
4231CO913slf9figs-rquestionοὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι οἱ τὰ ἱερὰ ἐργαζόμενοι ... ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ ἐσθίουσιν1Do you not know that those who serve in the temple get their food from the temple?
4241CO913wwj4figs-rquestion0Do you not know that those who serve at the altar share in what is offered on the altar?
4251CO914rj38figs-metonymyἐκ τοῦ εὐαγγελίου ζῆν1get their living from the gospel
4261CO915fs7a0these rights

these things that I deserve

4271CO915sy42figs-activepassive0so something might be done for me
4281CO915fd690deprive me of this boast

take away this opportunity I have to boast

4291CO916ecw20I must do this

I must preach the gospel

4301CO916l7asοὐαὶ ... μοί ἐστιν, ἐὰν1woe be to me if

may I suffer misfortune if

4311CO917x6s9εἰ ... ἑκὼν τοῦτο πράσσω1if I do this willingly
4321CO917t8pmfigs-ellipsisεἰ ... δὲ ἄκων1But if not willingly
4331CO917xa5pfigs-activepassive0I still have a responsibility that was entrusted to me
4341CO918lg51figs-rquestionτίς οὖν μού ἐστιν ὁ μισθός1What then is my reward?
4351CO918ia5x0That when I preach, I may offer the gospel without charge

My reward for preaching is that I can preach without receiving payment

4361CO918dln7θήσω τὸ εὐαγγέλιον1offer the gospel

preach the gospel

4371CO918fn7iεἰς τὸ μὴ καταχρήσασθαι τῇ ἐξουσίᾳ μου ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ1so not take full use of my right in the gospel

so not ask people to support me as I travel and preach

4381CO919s48lfigs-metaphorἐλεύθερος ... ὢν ἐκ πάντων1I am free from all
4391CO919mms9τοὺς πλείονας κερδήσω1win more
4401CO920hh8tἐγενόμην ... ὡς Ἰουδαῖος1I became like a Jew
4411CO920s9tu0I became like one under the law

I became like one committed to following the demands of the Jewish leadership, accepting their understanding of the Jewish scriptures

4421CO921qtu7ἀνόμοις1outside the law

who do not obey the laws of Moses

4431CO924vn1d0Connecting Statement:

Paul explains that he uses the liberty he has in Christ to discipline himself.

4441CO924urh5figs-rquestion0Do you not know that in a race all the runners run the race, but that only one receives the prize?
4451CO924mq1dfigs-metaphor0run the race

Paul compares living the Christian life and working for God to running a race and being an athlete. As in a race, the Christian life and work require strict discipline on the part of the runner, and, as in a race, the Christian has a specific goal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

4461CO924mh8zfigs-metaphor0run to win the prize

Paul is speaking of the reward God will give his faithful people as if it were a prize given for an athletic contest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

4471CO925bfe4figs-metaphor0a wreath that is perishable ... one that is imperishable

A wreath is a bunch of leaves twisted together. Wreaths were given as prizes to athletes who won games and races. Paul speaks of eternal life as if it were a wreath that would never dry up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

4481CO926k64nfigs-metaphor0I do not run without purpose or box by beating the air
4491CO927blb7figs-activepassiveμή ... αὐτὸς ἀδόκιμος γένωμαι1I myself may not be disqualified
4501CO10introabcd0
4511CO101r66h0Connecting Statement:

Paul reminds them of the example of their ancient Jewish fathers' experiences with immorality and idolatry.

4521CO101g34ffigs-inclusiveοἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν1our fathers
4531CO101v4c6διὰ τῆς θαλάσσης διῆλθον1passed through the sea

This sea is known by two names, the Red Sea and the Sea of Reeds.

4541CO101z5s9διὰ ... διῆλθον1passed through
4551CO102f7cqπάντες εἰς τὸν Μωϋσῆν ἐβαπτίσαντο1All were baptized into Moses

All followed and were committed to Moses

4561CO102y72iἐν τῇ νεφέλῃ1in the cloud

by the cloud that represented the presence of God and led the Israelites during the day

4571CO104xut20drank the same spiritual drink ... spiritual rock

drank the same water that God supernaturally brought out of the rock ... supernatural rock

4581CO104whj4figs-metonymyἡ ... πέτρα ἦν ὁ Χριστός1that rock was Christ
4591CO105lh93figs-litotesοὐκ ... ηὐδόκησεν1not well pleased
4601CO105tnu4πλείοσιν αὐτῶν1most of them

the Israelite fathers

4611CO105w673κατεστρώθησαν1their corpses were scattered about
4621CO105b96gἐν ... τῇ ἐρήμῳ1in the wilderness

the desert land between Egypt and Israel through which the Israelites wandered for 40 years

4631CO107nzt9εἰδωλολάτραι1idolaters

people who worship idols

4641CO107n175ἐκάθισεν ... φαγεῖν καὶ πεῖν1sat down to eat and drink

sat down to eat a meal

4651CO107ukp4figs-euphemismπαίζειν1play

Paul is quoting the Jewish scriptures. His readers would have understood from this one word that the people were worshiping an idol by singing and dancing and engaging in sexual activities, not simply enjoying innocent fun. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

4661CO108vw5g0In one day, twenty-three thousand people died

God killed 23,000 people in one day

4671CO108et970because of it

because they committed those unlawful sexual acts

4681CO109l5h4figs-activepassive0did and were destroyed by snakes
4691CO1010nye70grumble

complaining

4701CO1010i3q3figs-activepassive0did and were destroyed by an angel of death
4711CO1011u1mpταῦτα ... συνέβαινεν ἐκείνοις1these things happened to them

God punished our ancestors

4721CO1011wmp1figs-inclusive0examples for us
4731CO1011j3z1τὰ τέλη τῶν αἰώνων1the end of the ages

the last days

4741CO1012df2p0does not fall

does not sin or reject God

4751CO1013a8vjfigs-doublenegatives0No temptation has overtaken you that is not common to all humanity
4761CO1013hc7qὃς οὐκ ἐάσει ὑμᾶς πειρασθῆναι ὑπὲρ ὃ δύνασθε1He will not let you be tempted beyond your ability

He will only allow you to be tempted in ways that you are strong enough to resist

4771CO1013a72tfigs-activepassiveοὐκ ... ἐάσει ὑμᾶς πειρασθῆναι1will not let you be tempted
4781CO1014dab40Connecting Statement:

Paul continues to remind them to be pure and to stay away from idolatry and immorality as he talks about communion, which represents the blood and body of Christ.

4791CO1014n5tbfigs-metaphorφεύγετε ἀπὸ τῆς εἰδωλολατρίας1run away from idolatry
4801CO1016gi4sfigs-metaphorτὸ ποτήριον τῆς εὐλογίας1The cup of blessing

Paul is speaking of God's blessing as though it were the wine in the cup used in the ritual of the Lord's Supper. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

4811CO1016tv8eὃ εὐλογοῦμεν1that we bless

for which we thank God

4821CO1016y5uvfigs-rquestion0is it not a sharing in the blood of Christ?
4831CO1016ngf6figs-rquestion0The bread that we break, is it not a sharing in the body of Christ?
4841CO1016n77uκοινωνία ... τοῦ1a sharing in
4851CO1017g954ἄρτος1loaf of bread

a single unit of baked bread that is sliced or broken into pieces before it is eaten

4861CO1018q9ngfigs-rquestionοὐχὶ οἱ ἐσθίοντες τὰς θυσίας, κοινωνοὶ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου εἰσίν1Are not those who eat the sacrifices participants in the altar?
4871CO1019ix5qfigs-rquestionτί οὖν φημι1What am I saying then?
4881CO1019hy95figs-rquestion0That an idol is anything?
4891CO1019j8djfigs-rquestion0Or that food sacrificed to an idol is anything?
4901CO1021dy2gfigs-metonymyοὐ δύνασθε ποτήριον Κυρίου πίνειν, καὶ ποτήριον δαιμονίων1You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons
4911CO1021qwk7οὐ δύνασθε ... τραπέζης Κυρίου μετέχειν, καὶ τραπέζης δαιμονίων1You cannot have fellowship at the table of the Lord and the table of demons

It is impossible for you to be truly one with the Lord's people and also with demons

4921CO1022l8ikἢ παραζηλοῦμεν τὸν Κύριον1Or do we provoke the Lord to jealousy?
4931CO1022h9fhπαραζηλοῦμεν1provoke

to anger or irritate

4941CO1022zv17figs-rquestion0Are we stronger than he is?
4951CO1023ped10Connecting Statement:

Paul again reminds them of the law of liberty and doing everything for the benefit of others.

4961CO1023tu2mπάντα ἔξεστιν1Everything is lawful
4971CO1023jm4kοὐ πάντα συμφέρει1not everything is beneficial

some things are not beneficial

4981CO1023ex6zfigs-metaphor0not everything builds people up
4991CO1027g31y0you without asking questions of conscience

you. God wants you to eat the food with a clear conscience

5001CO1028q3ztfigs-you0But if someone says to you ... do not eat ... who informed you
5011CO1028qi77figs-you0says to you ... do not eat ... informed you
5021CO1029v1d9figs-you0the conscience of the other man, I mean, and not yours
5031CO1029s1wkfigs-you0and not yours
5041CO1029k8xr0For why ... conscience?
5051CO1029d4q1figs-rquestion0why should my freedom be judged by another's conscience?
5061CO1030dv5ffigs-rquestion0If I partake of the meal with gratitude, why am I being insulted for that for which I gave thanks?
5071CO1030x2v5εἰ ἐγὼ ... μετέχω1If I partake
5081CO1030n89tχάριτι1with gratitude
5091CO1032ag47ἀπρόσκοποι καὶ Ἰουδαίοις γίνεσθε, καὶ Ἕλλησιν1Give no offense to Jews or to Greeks
5101CO1033kj140please all people

make all people glad

5111CO1033b4jv0I do not seek my benefit

I do not do things I desire for myself

5121CO1033hd2zτῶν πολλῶν1the many

as many people as possible

5131CO11introabce0
5141CO111h5fg0Connecting Statement:

After reminding them to follow him the way he follows Christ, Paul gives some specific instructs in how women and men are to live as believers.

5151CO112qsk9πάντα μου μέμνησθε1you remember me in everything
5161CO113k5umθέλω δὲ1Now I want
5171CO113hbt7παντὸς ... ἡ κεφαλὴ ... ἐστιν1is the head of

has authority over

5181CO113en950a man is the head of a woman
5191CO114uuv20with his head covered

and does so after placing a cloth or veil over his head

5201CO114lit3καταισχύνει τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ1dishonors his head
5211CO115b7ku0woman who prays ... dishonors her head
5221CO115k5ylἀκατακαλύπτῳ τῇ κεφαλῇ1with her head uncovered

That is, without the cloth that was worn on the top of the head and that covered the hair and shoulders.

5231CO115e1pz0as if her head were shaved

as if she had removed all the hair on her head with a razor

5241CO116s4r50If it is disgraceful for a woman

It was a mark of disgrace or humiliation for a woman to have her hair shaved off or cut short.

5251CO116i624κατακαλύπτεται1cover her head

place on her head the cloth that was worn on the top of the head and that covered the hair and shoulders

5261CO117aa4rfigs-activepassiveοὐκ ὀφείλει κατακαλύπτεσθαι τὴν κεφαλήν1should not have his head covered
5271CO117t5jnδόξα ... ἀνδρός1glory of the man

Just as man reflects God's greatness, the woman reflects the man's character.

5281CO118s5nsfigs-activepassive0For man was not made from woman. Instead, woman was made from man
5291CO119w8jm0For neither ... for man
5301CO1110wh4c0have a symbol of authority on her head
5311CO1111pir4πλὴν ... ἐν Κυρίῳ1Nevertheless, in the Lord

While what I have just said is all true, the most important thing is this: in the Lord

5321CO1111h9t4ἐν Κυρίῳ1in the Lord
5331CO1111hqy4figs-doublenegativesγυναικὸς1the woman is not independent from the man, nor is the man independent from the woman
5341CO1112i8qu0all things come from God

God created everything

5351CO1113eex3αὐτοῖς κρίνατε ... γυναῖκα1Judge for yourselves

Judge this issue according to the local customs and church practices you know

5361CO1113hp13figs-activepassive0Is it proper for a woman to pray to God with her head uncovered?
5371CO1114v5b5figs-rquestion0Does not even nature itself teach you ... for him?
5381CO1114gyw9figs-personification0Does not even nature itself teach you ... for him?
5391CO1115s7ysfigs-activepassive0For her hair has been given to her
5401CO1117id4f0Connecting Statement:

As Paul talks about communion, the Lord's supper, he reminds them to have right attitudes as well as unity. He reminds them that if they fail in those things when taking communion, they will become sick and die, as has already happened to some of them.

5411CO1117vt5a0in the following instructions, I do not praise you. For when
5421CO1117t2sm0the following instructions

the instructions I am about to talk about

5431CO1117ry4kσυνέρχεσθε1come together
5441CO1117du1a0it is not for the better but for the worse

you do not help each other; instead, you harm each other

5451CO1118iu3qἐν ἐκκλησίᾳ1in the church
5461CO1118l9vxσχίσματα ἐν ὑμῖν ὑπάρχειν1there are divisions among you

you divide yourselves into opposing groups

5471CO1119s9syfigs-ironyδεῖ γὰρ καὶ αἱρέσεις ἐν ὑμῖν εἶναι1For there must also be factions among you
5481CO1119kcr7αἱρέσεις1factions

opposing groups of people

5491CO1119vfv4figs-ironyἵνα ... οἱ δόκιμοι φανεροὶ γένωνται ἐν ὑμῖν1so that those who are approved may be recognized among you
5501CO1119j7dbδόκιμοι1who are approved
5511CO1120x9h5συνερχομένων1come together

gather together

5521CO1120dse70it is not the Lord's Supper that you eat

you may believe you are eating the Lord's Supper, but you do not treat it with respect

5531CO1122zl1hεἰς ... ἐσθίειν καὶ πίνειν1to eat and to drink in

in which to gather for a meal

5541CO1122d2cmκαταφρονεῖτε1despise

hate or treat with dishonor and disrespect

5551CO1122w476καταισχύνετε1humiliate

embarrass or cause to feel shame

5561CO1122nz88figs-rquestionτί εἴπω ὑμῖν? ἐπαινέσω ... ἐπαινῶ1What should I say to you? Should I praise you?
5571CO1123av31ἐγὼ γὰρ παρέλαβον ἀπὸ τοῦ Κυρίου, ὃ καὶ παρέδωκα ὑμῖν, ὅτι ὁ Κύριος1For I received from the Lord what I also passed on to you, that the Lord

For it was from the Lord that I heard what I told you, and it was this: the Lord

5581CO1123c197figs-activepassiveἐν τῇ νυκτὶ ᾗ παρεδίδετο1on the night when he was betrayed
5591CO1124e19d0he broke it

he pulled pieces from it

5601CO1124f6hnτοῦτό μού ἐστιν τὸ σῶμα1This is my body

The bread I am holding is my body

5611CO1125gr2kτὸ ποτήριον1the cup
5621CO1125z54eτοῦτο ... ποιεῖτε, ὁσάκις ... πίνητε1Do this as often as you drink it

Drink from this cup, and as often as you drink from it

5631CO1126sj1lτὸν ... θάνατον τοῦ Κυρίου καταγγέλλετε1proclaim the Lord's death

teach about the crucifixion and resurrection

5641CO1126m89ffigs-explicitἄχρι οὗ ἔλθῃ1until he comes
5651CO1127as6yἂν ἐσθίῃ τὸν ἄρτον ἢ πίνῃ τὸ ποτήριον τοῦ Κυρίου1eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord

eats the bread of the Lord or drinks the cup of the Lord

5661CO1128nhx7figs-metaphorδοκιμαζέτω1examine
5671CO1129gqd20without discerning the body
5681CO1130kbi6ἀσθενεῖς καὶ ἄρρωστοι1weak and ill

These words mean almost the same thing and can be combined, as in UST.

5691CO1130vx5tfigs-euphemism0and some of you have fallen asleep
5701CO1130bh6jfigs-explicit0some of you
5711CO1131j6mlfigs-metaphorδιεκρίνομεν1examine

Paul speaks of a person looking at his relationship to God and how he has been living his life as if that person is looking over something he wants to buy. See how this is translated in 1 Corinthians 11:28. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

5721CO1131egl8figs-activepassiveοὐκ ἂν ἐκρινόμεθα1we will not be judged
5731CO1132ruq5figs-activepassiveκρινόμενοι ... ὑπὸ Κυρίου, παιδευόμεθα, ἵνα μὴ ... κατακριθῶμεν1we are judged by the Lord, we are disciplined, so that we may not be condemned
5741CO1133maa7συνερχόμενοι ... φαγεῖν1come together to eat

gather to eat a meal together before celebrating the Lord's Supper

5751CO1133nky5ἀλλήλους ἐκδέχεσθε1wait for one another

allow the others to arrive before beginning the meal

5761CO1134v2uhἐν οἴκῳ ἐσθιέτω1let him eat at home

let him eat before attending this gathering

5771CO1134x1l8figs-metonymy0it will not be for judgment
5781CO12introabcf0
5791CO121da2e0Connecting Statement:

Paul lets them know that God has given special gifts to believers. These gifts are to help the body of believers.

5801CO121i3k7figs-doublenegativesοὐ θέλω ὑμᾶς ἀγνοεῖν1I do not want you to be uninformed
5811CO122hbt8figs-metaphor0you were led astray to idols who could not speak, in whatever ways you were led by them
5821CO123zg4j0no one who speaks by the Spirit of God can say
5831CO123jak60Jesus is accursed
5841CO126eth30makes them possible in everyone

causes everyone to have them

5851CO127x7mvfigs-activepassive0to each one is given
5861CO128c9akfigs-activepassive0to one is given by the Spirit the word
5871CO128us1k0the word

the message

5881CO128gi53διὰ τοῦ Πνεύματος1by the Spirit

God gives the gifts through the work of the Spirit.

5891CO128a8720wisdom ... knowledge

The difference between these two words is not as important here as the fact that God gives them both by the same Spirit.

5901CO128p2pmfigs-hendiadys0the word of wisdom
5911CO128a9prfigs-hendiadys0the word of knowledge
5921CO129pe8sfigs-activepassive0is given
5931CO129d7qgfigs-ellipsisἄλλῳ ... χαρίσματα ἰαμάτων ἐν τῷ ἑνὶ Πνεύματι1to another gifts of healing by the one Spirit
5941CO1210x572figs-ellipsisἄλλῳ ... προφητεία1to another prophecy
5951CO1210v7xyfigs-ellipsisἑτέρῳ γένη γλωσσῶν1to another various kinds of tongues
5961CO1210skl8figs-metonymyγένη γλωσσῶν1various kinds of tongues
5971CO1210j8qkfigs-ellipsisἄλλῳ ... ἑρμηνία γλωσσῶν1to another the interpretation of tongues
5981CO1210c14yἑρμηνία γλωσσῶν1the interpretation of tongues
5991CO1211z383τὸ ἓν καὶ τὸ αὐτὸ Πνεῦμα1one and the same Spirit

God gives the gifts through the work of the one and only Holy Spirit. See how this is translated in 1 Corinthians 12:8.

6001CO1212j3xl0Connecting Statement:

Paul continues to talk of the variety of gifts God gives believers, God gives different gifts to different believers, but Paul wants them to know that all believers are made into one body, which is called the body of Christ. For this reason believers should have unity.

6011CO1213g8ukfigs-activepassiveγὰρ ἐν ἑνὶ Πνεύματι ἡμεῖς πάντες ... ἐβαπτίσθημεν1For by one Spirit we were all baptized
6021CO1213r9hmfigs-metonymyεἴτε ... δοῦλοι, εἴτε ἐλεύθεροι1whether bound or free
6031CO1213r5kwfigs-activepassiveπάντες ... ἓν ... Πνεῦμα ἐποτίσθημεν1all were made to drink of one Spirit
6041CO1217rsl6figs-rquestion0where would the sense of hearing be? ... where would the sense of smell be?
6051CO1219zw6kἓν μέλος1the same member
6061CO1219y4vgfigs-rquestion0where would the body be?
6071CO1221u9r90I have no need of you

I do not need you

6081CO1223rrs6ἀτιμότερα1less honorable

less important

6091CO1223id5zfigs-euphemismτὰ ἀσχήμονα ἡμῶν1our unpresentable members

This probably refers to the private parts of the body, which people keep covered. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

6101CO1225z4kkμὴ ᾖ σχίσμα ἐν τῷ σώματι, ἀλλὰ1there may be no division within the body, but

the body may be unified, and

6111CO1226da97figs-activepassive0one member is honored
6121CO1227z2ctὑμεῖς δέ ἐστε1Now you are
6131CO1228ll3sπρῶτον ἀποστόλους1first apostles
6141CO1228unh10those who provide helps

those who provide help to other believers

6151CO1228l6p10those who do the work of administration

those who govern the church

6161CO1228w7260those who have various kinds of tongues

an individual who can speak in one or more foreign languages without having studied that language

6171CO1229aq64figs-rquestion0Are all of them apostles? Are all prophets? Are all teachers? Do all do powerful deeds?
6181CO1230p919figs-rquestionπάντες χαρίσματα ἔχουσιν ἰαμάτων1Do all of them have gifts of healing?
6191CO1230q8htfigs-rquestionπάντες ... γλώσσαις λαλοῦσιν1Do all of them speak with tongues?
6201CO1230d3k8figs-rquestionπάντες ... διερμηνεύουσιν1Do all of them interpret tongues?
6211CO1230ab9eδιερμηνεύουσιν1interpret

This means to tell what someone has said in a language to others who do not understand that language. See how this is translated in 1 Corinthians 2:13.

6221CO1231vb1mζηλοῦτε ... τὰ χαρίσματα τὰ μείζονα1Zealously seek the greater gifts.
6231CO13introabcg0

1 Corinthians 13 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Paul seems to interrupt his teaching about spiritual gifts. However, this chapter probably serves a larger function in his teaching.

Special concepts in this chapter

Love

Love is the most important characteristic of the believer. This chapter fully describes love. Paul tells why love is more important than the gifts of the Spirit. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/love]])

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Metaphor

Paul uses many different metaphors in this chapter. He uses these metaphors to instruct the Corinthians, especially on difficult topics. Readers often need spiritual discernment to understand these teachings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

6241CO131n8lm0Connecting Statement:

Having just talked about the gifts that God gave to believers, Paul emphasizes what is more important.

6251CO131cm2nfigs-hyperbole0the tongues of ... angels

Possible meanings are 1) Paul is exaggerating for the sake of effect and does not believe that people speak the language that angels use or 2) Paul thinks that some who speak in tongues actually speak the language that angels use. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

6261CO131k2gkfigs-metaphorγέγονα χαλκὸς ἠχῶν ἢ κύμβαλον ἀλαλάζον1I have become a noisy gong or a clanging cymbal

I have become like instruments that make loud, annoying sounds (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

6271CO131krt1translate-unknownχαλκὸς1gong

a large, thin, round metal plate that is hit with a padded stick to make a loud sound (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

6281CO131qbx6translate-unknownκύμβαλον ἀλαλάζον1a clanging cymbal

two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

6291CO133ar2qfigs-activepassiveπαραδῶ τὸ σῶμά μου ... καυχήσωμαι1I give my body to be burned
6301CO134m671figs-personification0Love is patient and kind ... It is not arrogant

Here Paul speaks about love as if it were a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])

6311CO135cp6xfigs-personification0

Paul continues speaking about love as if it were a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])

6321CO135xt3vfigs-activepassive0It is not easily angered
6331CO136wl5yfigs-personification0

Paul continues speaking about love as if it were a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])

6341CO136tpz6figs-doublenegatives0It does not rejoice in unrighteousness. Instead, it rejoices in the truth
6351CO137vf6xfigs-personification0

Paul continues speaking about love as if it were a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])

6361CO1312bn3h0For now we see indirectly in a mirror

Mirrors in Paul's day were made of polished metal rather than glass and provided a dim, vague reflection.

6371CO1312w2euβλέπομεν ... ἄρτι1now we see
6381CO1312xx1gfigs-ellipsisτότε δὲ πρόσωπον πρὸς πρόσωπον1but then face to face
6391CO1312qp7gfigs-ellipsisἐπιγνώσομαι1I will know fully
6401CO1312i28wfigs-activepassiveκαθὼς ... ἐπεγνώσθην1just as I have been fully known
6411CO1313nt1yfigs-abstractnouns0faith, future confidence, and love
6421CO14introabch0

1 Corinthians 14 General Notes

Structure and formatting

In this chapter, Paul returns to discussing spiritual gifts.

Some translations set what is quoted from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this with the words of verse 21.

Special concepts in this chapter

Tongues

Scholars disagree on the exact meaning of the gift of tongues. Paul describes the gift of tongues as a sign for unbelievers. It does not serve the whole church, unless someone interprets what is spoken. It is very important that the church uses this gift properly.

Prophecy

Scholars disagree on the exact meaning of prophecy as a spiritual gift. Paul says prophets can build up the entire church. He describes prophecy as a gift for believers. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])

6431CO141vl570Connecting Statement:

Paul wants them to know that though teaching is more important because it instructs people, it must be done with love.

6441CO141x938figs-123personδιώκετε τὴν ἀγάπην1Pursue love
6451CO141ki3lμᾶλλον ... ἵνα προφητεύητε1especially that you may prophesy

and work especially hard to be able to prophesy

6461CO143r1nxfigs-metaphor0to build them up
6471CO144b2mgfigs-metaphorοἰκοδομεῖ1builds up
6481CO145z5myfigs-synecdoche0The one who prophesies is greater
6491CO145g9k1διερμηνεύῃ1interprets

This means to tell what someone has said in a language to others who do not understand that language. See how this is translated in 1 Corinthians 2:13.

6501CO146l71kfigs-rquestionτί ὑμᾶς ὠφελήσω1how will I benefit you?
6511CO147t3rbδιαστολὴν τοῖς φθόγγοις μὴ δῷ1they do not produce different tones

This refers to sounds of different pitch that make up the melody, not to the difference between a flute sound and a harp sound.

6521CO147hq2ufigs-rquestion0how will anyone know what tune the flute or harp is playing?
6531CO147yea40tune

melody or song

6541CO148z6jgfigs-rquestion0how will anyone know when it is time to prepare for battle?
6551CO1410im7afigs-doublenegatives0none is without meaning
6561CO1412x4v60the manifestations of the Spirit

being able to do things that show that the Spirit controls you

6571CO1412j1h7figs-metaphor0try to excel in the gifts that build up the church
6581CO1413j87gδιερμηνεύῃ1interpret

This means to tell what someone has said in a language to others who do not understand that language. See how this is translated in 1 Corinthians 2:13.

6591CO1414kjh6figs-metaphorὁ δὲ νοῦς μου ἄκαρπός ἐστιν1my mind is unfruitful
6601CO1415vm6pfigs-rquestionτί ... ἐστιν1What am I to do?
6611CO1415r11f0pray with my spirit ... pray with my mind ... sing with my spirit ... sing with my mind

Prayers and songs must be in a language that the people present can understand.

6621CO1415fi2fτῷ ... νοΐ1with my mind

with words that I understand

6631CO1416niu5figs-youλέγεις1you praise God ... you are giving thanks ... you are saying
6641CO1416r4w5figs-rquestion0
6651CO1416j3e3τοῦ ἰδιώτου1the outsider
6661CO1416ev63figs-synecdocheἐρεῖ, τὸ “ ἀμήν”1
6671CO1417a7wrfigs-youσὺ μὲν ... εὐχαριστεῖς1you certainly give
6681CO1417w25kfigs-metaphorὁ ἕτερος οὐκ οἰκοδομεῖται1the other person is not built up
6691CO1419cbw8translate-numbersἢ μυρίους λόγους ἐν γλώσσῃ1than ten thousand words in a tongue
6701CO1420luu40General Information:

Paul tells them that speaking in different languages was told ahead of time by the prophet Isaiah many years before this speaking in other languages happened at the start of Christ's church.

6711CO1420mh5tfigs-metaphorμὴ παιδία γίνεσθε ταῖς φρεσίν1do not be children in your thinking
6721CO1421jx6lfigs-activepassiveἐν τῷ νόμῳ γέγραπται1In the law it is written,
6731CO1421l9xzfigs-parallelism0By men of strange tongues and by the lips of strangers

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are used together for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

6741CO1422bp4j0Connecting Statement:

Paul gives specific instructions on an orderly way to use gifts in the church.

6751CO1422qj5ffigs-doublenegativesοὐ τοῖς ... ἀπίστοις ... ἀλλὰ τοῖς πιστεύουσιν1not for unbelievers, but for believers
6761CO1423hj3dfigs-rquestionοὐκ ἐροῦσιν ὅτι μαίνεσθε1would they not say that you are insane?
6771CO1424xxy5figs-parallelism0he would be convicted by all he hears. He would be judged by all that is said
6781CO1425ma47figs-metonymyτὰ κρυπτὰ τῆς καρδίας αὐτοῦ φανερὰ γίνεται1The secrets of his heart would be revealed
6791CO1425w31wfigs-idiom0he would fall on his face and worship God
6801CO1426bv9kfigs-rquestion0What is next then, brothers?
6811CO1426xzz2ἑρμηνίαν1interpretation
6821CO1427wc1z0and each one in turn
6831CO1427zh9zfigs-activepassive0interpret what is said
6841CO1427ari2διερμηνευέτω1interpret
6851CO1429a9izπροφῆται ... δύο ἢ τρεῖς λαλείτωσαν1Let two or three prophets speak

Possible meanings are 1) only two or three prophets speak at any one meeting or 2) only two or three prophets take turns speaking at any one time.

6861CO1429m5l8figs-activepassive0to what is said
6871CO1430sl1qfigs-activepassive0if an insight is given to one
6881CO1431xr69καθ’ ἕνα ... προφητεύειν1prophesy one by one

Only one person should prophesy at a time.

6891CO1431nrq1figs-activepassiveπάντες ... παρακαλῶνται1all may be encouraged
6901CO1433my650God is not a God of confusion

God does not create confusing situations by making people all speak at the same time.

6911CO1434gjv2σιγάτωσαν1keep silent

Possible meanings are 1) stop speaking, 2) stop speaking when someone is prophesying, or 3) be absolutely silent during the church service.

6921CO1436h8lpfigs-rquestion0Did the word of God come from you? Are you the only ones it has reached?
6931CO1436mj6bfigs-metonymyὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ1the word of God
6941CO1437ab6uἐπιγινωσκέτω1he should acknowledge

A true prophet or truly spiritual person will accept Paul's writings as coming from the Lord.

6951CO1438l68afigs-activepassive0let him not be recognized
6961CO1439jvr70do not forbid anyone from speaking in tongues

Paul makes it clear that speaking in tongues at a church gathering is permissible and acceptable.

6971CO1440d7iaπάντα δὲ εὐσχημόνως καὶ κατὰ τάξιν γινέσθω1But let all things be done properly and in order
6981CO15introabci0

1 Corinthians 15 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Resurrection

This chapter includes a very important teaching about the resurrection of Jesus. The Greek people did not believe that a person could live after they died. Paul defends the resurrection of Jesus. He teaches why it is important to all believers. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/resurrection]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]])

Special concepts in this chapter

Resurrection

Paul presents the resurrection as the ultimate proof that Jesus is God. Christ is the first of many who God will raise to life. The resurrection is central to the gospel. Few doctrines are as important as this one. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/goodnews]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/raise]])

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Paul uses many different figures of speech in this chapter. He uses them to express difficult theological teachings in a way that people can understand.

6991CO151gc6n0Connecting Statement:

Paul reminds them that it is the gospel that saves them and he tells them again what the gospel is. Then he gives them a short history lesson, which ends with what will yet happen.

7001CO151la9v0remind you

help you remember

7011CO151xv53figs-metaphorἐν ᾧ ... ἑστήκατε1on which you stand

Paul is speaking of the Corinthians as if they were a house and the gospel as if it were the foundation on which the house was standing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

7021CO152xh29figs-activepassiveσῴζεσθε1you are being saved
7031CO152le2kτίνι λόγῳ εὐηγγελισάμην ὑμῖν1the word I preached to you

the message I preached to you

7041CO153sp4pἐν πρώτοις1as of first importance

Possible meanings are 1) as the most important of many things or 2) as the first in time .

7051CO153azw6ὑπὲρ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν1for our sins
7061CO153inj2κατὰ τὰς Γραφάς1according to the scriptures

Paul is referring to the writings of the Old Testament.

7071CO154wa7mfigs-activepassiveἐτάφη1he was buried
7081CO154n7c7figs-activepassiveἐγήγερται1he was raised
7091CO154d6ewἐγήγερται1was raised

was caused to live again

7101CO155rhd30Connecting Statement:

If you need for verse 5 to be a complete sentence, end 1 Corinthians 15:4 with a comma so that verse 5 completes the sentence begun in 1 Corinthians 15:3.

7111CO155q3nbὅτι ὤφθη1appeared to

showed himself to

7121CO156l7vctranslate-numbersπεντακοσίοις1five hundred

500 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

7131CO156q8blfigs-euphemismτινὲς ... ἐκοιμήθησαν1some have fallen asleep
7141CO158n9c6ἔσχατον ... πάντων1Last of all

Finally, after he had appeared to the others

7151CO158vg7tfigs-idiomτῷ ἐκτρώματι1a child born at the wrong time
7161CO1510xiq6χάριτι ... Θεοῦ, εἰμι ὅ εἰμι1the grace of God I am what I am

God's grace or kindness has made Paul as he is now.

7171CO1510n45hfigs-litotes0his grace in me was not in vain
7181CO1510xh95figs-metaphor0the grace of God that is with me

Paul speaks of the work he was able to do because God was kind to him as if that grace were actually doing the work. Alternate translation: Possible meanings are 1) this is literally true, and God actually did the work and kindly used Paul as a tool or 2) Paul is using a metaphor and saying that God was kind to let Paul do the work and to make Paul's work have good results. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

7191CO1512ub2pfigs-rquestion0how can some of you say there is no resurrection of the dead?
7201CO1512jbi80raised

made alive again

7211CO1513cn2mfigs-hypo0if there is no resurrection of the dead, then not even Christ has been raised

Paul is using a hypothetical case to argue that there is a resurrection of the dead. He knows that Christ has been raised and so infers that there is a resurrection. To say that there is no resurrection is to say that Christ has not been raised, but this is false because Paul has seen the resurrected Christ (1 Corinthians 15:8). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])

7221CO1513mi12figs-activepassive0not even Christ has been raised
7231CO1515gi990Connecting Statement:

Paul wants them assured that Christ rose from the dead.

7241CO1515ctn50we are found to be false witnesses about God

Paul is arguing that if Christ did not rise from the dead, then they are bearing false witness or lying about Christ's coming alive again.

7251CO1515aq5sfigs-activepassive0we are found to be
7261CO1517v6vz0your faith is in vain and you are still in your sins

Their faith is based on Christ having risen from the dead, so if that did not happen, their faith will do them no good.

7271CO1519d9nqπάντων ἀνθρώπων1of all people

of everyone, including believers and non-believers

7281CO1519ts7uἐλεεινότεροι πάντων ἀνθρώπων ἐσμέν1of all people we are most to be pitied

people should feel sorry for us more than they do for anyone else

7291CO1520cxp9νυνὶ ... Χριστὸς1now Christ
7301CO1520zw31figs-metaphor0who is the firstfruits
7311CO1520n6clfigs-activepassive0Christ, who is the firstfruits of those who died, has been raised
7321CO1521uca8figs-abstractnouns0death came by a man
7331CO1521gf8pfigs-abstractnouns0by a man also came the resurrection of the dead
7341CO1523p4g9figs-metaphor0who is the firstfruits
7351CO1524u2980General Information:
7361CO1524uwh3καταργήσῃ πᾶσαν ἀρχὴν, καὶ πᾶσαν ἐξουσίαν, καὶ δύναμιν1he will abolish all rule and all authority and power

he will stop those people who rule, who have authority, and who have power from doing what they are doing

7371CO1525t8mkfigs-idiomἄχρι ... θῇ πάντας τοὺς ἐχθροὺς ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ1until he has put all his enemies under his feet
7381CO1526x49hfigs-activepassive0The last enemy to be destroyed is death
7391CO1527df59figs-idiomπάντα ... ὑπέταξεν ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ1he has put everything under his feet
7401CO1528xm8ufigs-activepassiveὑποταγῇ αὐτῷ τὰ πάντα1all things are subjected to him
7411CO1528a1cdfigs-activepassiveαὐτὸς ὁ Υἱὸς, ὑποταγήσεται1the Son himself will be subjected
7421CO1528ksj4αὐτὸς ὁ Υἱὸς1the Son himself
7431CO1528im2jguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΥἱὸς1Son

This is an important title that describes the relationship between Jesus and God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

7441CO1529a4d4figs-rquestionἐπεὶ τί ποιήσουσιν, οἱ βαπτιζόμενοι ὑπὲρ τῶν νεκρῶν1Or else what will those do who are baptized for the dead?
7451CO1529lw86figs-hypoεἰ ὅλως νεκροὶ οὐκ ἐγείρονται, τί ... βαπτίζονται ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν1If the dead are not raised at all, why are they baptized for them?

Paul uses a hypothetical situation to argue that the dead are raised. To say that the dead are not raised is to say that people should not be baptized for the dead. But some people, probably some members of the church in Corinth, are baptized for the dead, so he infers those people are baptized for the dead because they believe that the dead are raised. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])

7461CO1529jdc9figs-activepassiveνεκροὶ οὐκ ἐγείρονται1the dead are not raised
7471CO1529t3ycοὐκ ἐγείρονται1are not raised

are not caused to live again

7481CO1529s7kxfigs-rquestionτί ... βαπτίζονται ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν1why are they baptized for them?
7491CO1530h4rafigs-rquestionτί καὶ ἡμεῖς κινδυνεύομεν πᾶσαν ὥραν1Why then, are we in danger every hour?
7501CO1531i7d7figs-hyperboleκαθ’ ἡμέραν ἀποθνῄσκω1I die every day!
7511CO1531d51t0This is as sure as my boasting in you
7521CO1531znl3figs-explicit0my boasting in you, which I have in Christ Jesus our Lord
7531CO1531p3ym0my boasting in you

the way I tell other people how good you are

7541CO1532q6mbfigs-rquestion0What do I gain ... if I fought with beasts at Ephesus ... not raised?
7551CO1532lm3vfigs-metaphor0I fought with beasts at Ephesus

Paul is referring to something that he actually did. Possible meanings are 1) Paul was speaking figuratively about his arguments with learned pagans or other conflicts with people who wanted to kill him or 2) he was actually put into the arena to fight against dangerous animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

7561CO1532c36aφάγωμεν καὶ πίωμεν, αὔριον γὰρ ἀποθνῄσκομεν1Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die

Paul concludes that if there is no further life after death, it is better for us to enjoy this life as we can, for tomorrow our life will end without any further hope.

7571CO1533q7ucφθείρουσιν ἤθη χρηστὰ ὁμιλίαι κακαί1Bad company corrupts good morals

If you live with bad people, you will act like them. Paul is quoting a common saying.

7581CO1534gr3vἐκνήψατε1Sober up

You must think seriously about this

7591CO1535w4hk0Connecting Statement:

Paul gives some specifics about how the resurrection of the believers' bodies will take place. He gives a picture of natural and spiritual bodies and compares the first man Adam with the last Adam, Christ.

7601CO1535hw4afigs-rquestion0
7611CO1535ty4tἐρεῖ τις1someone will say

someone will ask

7621CO1535e5lv0with what kind of body will they come

That is, will it be a physical body or a spiritual body? What shape will the body have? What will the body be made of? Translate using the most general question that someone who wants to know the answers to these questions would ask.

7631CO1536ha84figs-youἄφρων! σὺ ὃ σπείρεις1You are so ignorant! What you sow
7641CO1536jnf9ἄφρων! σὺ1You are so ignorant

You do not know about this at all

7651CO1536q2zdfigs-metaphorὃ σπείρεις, οὐ ζῳοποιεῖται, ἐὰν μὴ ἀποθάνῃ1What you sow will not start to grow unless it dies

A seed will not grow unless it is first buried underground. In the same way, a person has to die before God can resurrect him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

7661CO1537pw6vfigs-metaphor0What you sow is not the body that will be

Paul uses the metaphor of the seed again to say that God will resurrect the dead body of the believer, but that body will not appear as it was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

7671CO1537h6zifigs-youὃ σπείρεις1What you sow
7681CO1538dmx1Θεὸς δίδωσιν αὐτῷ σῶμα, καθὼς ἠθέλησεν1God will give it a body as he chooses

God will decide what kind of body it will have

7691CO1539qi8yσὰρξ1flesh
7701CO1540d9k2σώματα ἐπουράνια1heavenly bodies

Possible meanings are 1) the sun, moon, stars, and other visible lights in the sky or 2) heavenly beings, such as angels and other supernatural beings.

7711CO1540k9pgσώματα ... ἐπίγεια1earthly bodies

This refers to humans.

7721CO1540qg3p0the glory of the heavenly body is one kind and the glory of the earthly is another

the glory that heavenly bodies have is different from the glory of human bodies

7731CO1540j1kbδόξα1glory
7741CO1542s12tfigs-idiom0What is sown ... what is raised
7751CO1542ay76ἐγείρεται1is raised

is caused to live again

7761CO1542rw3k0is perishable ... is imperishable

can rot ... cannot rot

7771CO1543h4u5figs-idiom0It is sown ... it is raised
7781CO1544u856figs-idiom0It is sown ... it is raised
7791CO1546fc510But the spiritual did not come first but the natural, and then the spiritual

The natural being came first. The spiritual being is from God and came later.

7801CO1546nd64ψυχικόν1natural

created by earthly processes, not yet connected to God

7811CO1547m2pjfigs-activepassive0The first man is of the earth, made of dust

God made the first man, Adam, from the dust of the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

7821CO1547zmx6χοϊκός1dust

dirt

7831CO1548r9be0the man of heaven

Jesus Christ

7841CO1548s9pnοἱ ... ἐπουράνιοι1those who are of heaven

those who belong to God

7851CO1549mq8z0have borne the image ... will also bear the image

have been just like ... will also be just like

7861CO1550jub20Connecting Statement:

Paul wants them to realize that some believers will not die physically but will still get a resurrected body through Christ's victory.

7871CO1550mwy3figs-parallelism0flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God. Neither does what is perishable inherit what is imperishable
7881CO1550nz7sfigs-metaphorσὰρξ καὶ αἷμα1flesh and blood

Those who inhabit a body that is doomed to die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

7891CO1550e4gdfigs-metaphorκληρονομῆσαι1inherit

Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

7901CO1550b9hc0is perishable ... is imperishable
7911CO1551k5dwfigs-activepassiveπάντες ... ἀλλαγησόμεθα1we will all be changed
7921CO1552p8f8figs-activepassive0We will be changed
7931CO1552r4ixἐν ... ῥιπῇ ὀφθαλμοῦ1in the twinkling of an eye

It will happen as fast as it takes for a person to blink his or her eye.

7941CO1552h668ἐν ... τῇ ἐσχάτῃ σάλπιγγι1at the last trumpet

when the last trumpet sounds

7951CO1552l66qfigs-activepassiveοἱ νεκροὶ ἐγερθήσονται1the dead will be raised
7961CO1552ymk9ἐγερθήσονται1raised

caused to live again

7971CO1552bmx2ἄφθαρτοι1imperishable
7981CO1553nua20this perishable body ... is imperishable
7991CO1553iyd2figs-metaphorδεῖ ... ἐνδύσασθαι1must put on

Paul is speaking of God making our bodies so they will never die again as if God were putting new clothes on us. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

8001CO1554qq5mfigs-personification0when this perishable body has put on what is imperishable
8011CO1554j9zsfigs-personification0when this mortal body has put on immortality
8021CO1555c9zwfigs-apostrophe0Death, where is your victory? Death, where is your sting?
8031CO1555gg3dfigs-you0your ... your

These are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

8041CO1556iyd30The sting of death is sin

It is through sin that we are destined to face death, that is to die.

8051CO1556pf4e0the power of sin is the law

God's law that was passed down by Moses defines sin and shows us how we sin before God.

8061CO1557ztj6τῷ ... διδόντι ἡμῖν τὸ νῖκος1gives us the victory

has defeated death for us

8071CO1558k4c40Connecting Statement:

Paul wants believers, while they work for the Lord, to remember the changed, resurrected bodies that God is going to give them.

8081CO1558j1plfigs-metaphor0be steadfast and immovable
8091CO1558zn8ffigs-metaphorπερισσεύοντες ἐν τῷ ἔργῳ τοῦ Κυρίου πάντοτε1Always abound in the work of the Lord
8101CO16introabcj0

1 Corinthians 16 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Paul briefly covers many topics in this chapter. It was common in the ancient Near East for the last part of letters to have personal greetings.

Special concepts in this chapter

Preparation for his coming

Paul gave practical instructions to help prepare the Corinthian church for his visit. He told them to start collecting money every Sunday for the believers in Jerusalem. He hoped to come and spend the winter with them. He told them to help Timothy when he came. He had hoped Apollos would go to them, but Apollos did not think it was the right time. Paul also told them to obey Stephanus. Finally, he sent his greetings to everyone.

8111CO161zh6u0Connecting Statement:

In his closing notes, Paul reminds the Corinthian believers to collect money for the needy believers in Jerusalem. He reminds them that Timothy will come to them before he goes to Paul.

8121CO161yer50for the believers

Paul was collecting money from his churches for the poor Jewish Christians in Jerusalem and Judea.

8131CO161kh6hὥσπερ διέταξα1as I directed

as I gave specific instructions

8141CO162h8n90store it up
8151CO162wc3w0so that there will be no collections when I come

so that you will not have to collect more money while I am with you

8161CO163yj6cοὓς ἐὰν δοκιμάσητε1whomever you approve
8171CO163j612δι’ ἐπιστολῶν ... πέμψω1I will send with letters
8181CO166w94k0you may help me on my journey

This means they might give Paul money or other things he needs so that he and his ministry team could continue to travel.

8191CO167xr88οὐ θέλω ... ὑμᾶς ἄρτι ... ἰδεῖν1I do not wish to see you now

Paul is stating that he wants to visit for a long time later, not just for a short time soon.

8201CO168qkw9τῆς Πεντηκοστῆς1Pentecost

Paul would stay in Ephesus until this festival, which came in May or June, 50 days after Passover. He would then travel through Macedonia, and later try to arrive in Corinth before winter started in November.

8211CO169fyj3figs-metaphorθύρα ... ἀνέῳγεν μεγάλη1a wide door has opened

Paul speaks of the opportunity God has given him to win people to the gospel as if it were a door that God had opened so he could walk through it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

8221CO1610p6vbβλέπετε ἵνα ἀφόβως γένηται πρὸς ὑμᾶς1see that he is with you unafraid

see that he has no cause to fear being with you

8231CO1611f4mw0Let no one despise him

Because Timothy was much younger than Paul, sometimes he was not shown the respect he deserved as a minister of the gospel.

8241CO1612is6jfigs-inclusiveἈπολλῶ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ1our brother Apollos
8251CO1613p2lafigs-parallelism0Be watchful, stand fast in the faith, act like men, be strong

Paul is describing what he wants the Corinthians to do as if he was giving four commands to soldiers in war. These four commands mean almost the same thing and are used for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

8261CO1613ng8nfigs-metaphorγρηγορεῖτε1Be watchful
8271CO1613uys8figs-metaphor0stand fast in the faith
8281CO1613a3fsfigs-metaphorἀνδρίζεσθε1act like men
8291CO1614rij50Let all that you do be done in love

Everything you do should show people that you love them

8301CO1615fy4e0Connecting Statement:

Paul begins to close his letter and sends greetings from other churches, as well as from Prisca, Aquila, and Paul himself.

8311CO1615asp2translate-namesοἰκίαν Στεφανᾶ1household of Stephanas

Stephanas was one of the first believers in the church at Corinth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

8321CO1615na2ptranslate-namesἈχαΐας1Achaia

This is the name of a province in Greece. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

8331CO1617iju8Στεφανᾶ ... Φορτουνάτου, καὶ Ἀχαϊκοῦ1Stephanas, Fortunatus, and Achaicus

These men were either some of the first Corinthian believers or church elders who were co-workers with Paul.

8341CO1617e79ztranslate-namesΣτεφανᾶ ... Φορτουνάτου, καὶ Ἀχαϊκοῦ1Stephanas, Fortunatus, and Achaicus

These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

8351CO1617an3e0They have made up for your absence

They made up for the fact that you were not here.

8361CO1618f3kgἀνέπαυσαν γὰρ τὸ ἐμὸν πνεῦμα1For they have refreshed my spirit

Paul is saying he was encouraged by their visit.

8371CO1621izu60I, Paul, write this with my own hand

Paul was making it clear that the instructions in this letter are from him, even though one of his co-laborers wrote what Paul was saying in the rest of the letter. Paul wrote this last part with his own hand.

8381CO1622c1kxἤτω ἀνάθεμα1may he be accursed