en_tn/en_tn_32-JON.tsv

33 KiB

1BookChapterVerseIDSupportReferenceOrigQuoteOccurrenceGLQuoteOccurrenceNote
2JONfrontintrohk4p0
3JON1introxvp20
4JON11ll6cfigs-idiom0the word of Yahweh came
5JON11qa3z0the word of Yahweh

the message of Yahweh

6JON11s6av0Yahweh

This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.

7JON11jv8ctranslate-names0Amittai

This is the name of Jonah's father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

8JON12x5ua0Get up and go to Nineveh, that great city

Go to the important city of Nineveh

9JON12v2xtfigs-idiom0Get up and go

This is a common expression for traveling to distant places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

10JON12jqz9figs-metonymy0speak out against it
11JON12rki20their wickedness has risen up before me

I know they have been continually sinning

12JON13f5srfigs-idiom0got up to run away from the presence of Yahweh
13JON13n96tfigs-metonymy0the presence of Yahweh

Here Yahweh is represented by his presence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

14JON13g66vfigs-explicit0go to Tarshish
15JON13djv10He went down to Joppa

Jonah went to Joppa

16JON13w3uc0ship
17JON13pz670So he paid the fare

There Jonah paid for the trip

18JON13g5xp0boarded the ship

got on the ship

19JON13i6bi0with them
20JON13sw66figs-metonymy0away from the presence of Yahweh
21JON14uj2zfigs-explicit0Soon it appeared
22JON14jl77figs-activepassive0to be broken up
23JON15d13r0the sailors

the men who worked on the ship

24JON15u2bj0his own god
25JON15sh1b0They threw the ship's cargo
26JON15tg270to lighten it
27JON15uzt40But Jonah had gone down into the innermost parts of the ship

Jonah did this before the storm started.

28JON15f63r0down into the innermost parts of the ship

inside the ship

29JON15g4y40was lying there deeply asleep
30JON16laa30So the captain came to him and said to him

The man in charge of the ship went to Jonah and said

31JON16yx7efigs-rquestion0What are you doing sleeping?
32JON16bd4ffigs-idiom0Get up!

This refers to doing some activity. For Jonah, the Captain is telling him to wake up and pray to his god for safe passage. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

33JON16k7a5figs-idiom0Call upon your god!
34JON16sk7ifigs-explicit0Maybe your god will notice us and we will not perish
35JON17sc570They all said to each other

The sailors all said to each other

36JON17l5xq0Come, let us cast lots, so that we may know who is the cause of this evil that is happening to us
37JON17d7260this evil

This refers to the terrible storm.

38JON17at670the lot fell to Jonah

the lot showed that Jonah was the guilty person

39JON18wkh60Then they said to Jonah

Then the men who were working on the ship said to Jonah

40JON18e7wb0Please tell us who is the cause of this evil that is happening to us.

Who caused this bad thing that is happening to us?

41JON19wav50fear Yahweh
42JON110peg3figs-rquestion0What is this that you have done?
43JON110us1rfigs-metonymy0he was running away from the presence of Yahweh
44JON110hw1pfigs-explicit0because he had told them.
45JON111kb4c0they said to Jonah
46JON111ik6d0do to you so that the sea will calm down

do with you in order to make the sea become calm

47JON111wxr70the sea became more and more violent

This was the reason that the men asked Jonah what they should do. This reason can also be put at the beginning of verse 11 as in the UST.

48JON112h9820for I know that it is because of me that this great storm is happening to you

because I know this huge storm is my fault

49JON113lcd3figs-explicit0Nevertheless, the men rowed hard to get them back to the land

The men did not want to throw Jonah into the sea, so they rowed hard as if they were digging into the water to get back to land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

50JON113m3iq0the sea was becoming more and more violent

the storm became worse, and the waves became bigger

51JON114ap770Therefore
52JON114q2xq0they cried out to Yahweh

the men prayed to Yahweh

53JON114wz6z0do not let us perish on account of this man's life
54JON114vv5tfigs-metaphor0do not lay upon us the guilt of his death
55JON115l9cf0the sea stopped raging
56JON116r3gs0feared Yahweh very much

became greatly awed at Yahweh's power

57JON117q87y0General Information:

Some versions number this verse as the first verse of chapter 2. You may want to number the verses according to the main version that your language group uses.

58JON117fle40Now

This word is used in English to introduce a new part of the story.

59JON117cjb60three days and three nights

three days and nights

60JON2introae4k0
61JON21alr20Yahweh his God
62JON22al5b0He said

Jonah said

63JON22s7fi0I called out to Yahweh about my distress
64JON22wdr40he answered me
65JON22w8wnfigs-metaphor0from the belly of Sheol
66JON23n5wa0General Information:

This is a continuation of Jonah's prayer that started in Jonah 2:2. In verse 4 Jonah spoke of something he had prayed before this prayer.

67JON23bz4yfigs-parallelism0into the depths, into the heart of the seas

This speaks of the vastness of the ocean Jonah was in. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

68JON23glp20into the heart of the seas

to the bottom of the sea

69JON23p8fd0the currents surrounded me

the sea water closed in around me

70JON23c6jxfigs-doublet0waves and billows

These are disturbances on the surface of the ocean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

71JON24x1w9figs-activepassive0I am driven out
72JON24z1yxfigs-synecdoche0from before your eyes
73JON24b8vkfigs-rquestion0yet I will again look toward your holy temple

Jonah has hope that, in spite of all he is going through, he will see the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

74JON25pu5q0General Information:

This is a continuation of Jonah's prayer that started in Jonah 2:2.

75JON25rf4b0The waters
76JON25ca310my neck
77JON25nr3v0the deep was all around me

the deep water was all around me

78JON25p1fw0seaweed

grass that grows in the sea

79JON26z36ifigs-metaphor0the earth with its bars closed upon me forever
80JON26dc3rfigs-metaphor0Yet you brought up my life from the pit
81JON26i3mx0Yahweh, my God!
82JON27gm7v0General Information:

This is a continuation of Jonah's prayer that started in Jonah 2:2.

83JON27l2b60I called Yahweh to mind
84JON27ue9gfigs-metaphor0then my prayer came to you, to your holy temple
85JON28u1l90They give attention to useless gods

People pay attention to useless gods

86JON28fac90forsake loving faithfulness

are rejecting you, who would be faithful to them

87JON29z2y40General Information:

This is a continuation of Jonah's prayer that started in Jonah 2:2.

88JON29q3yb0But as for me, I
89JON29nfd20I will sacrifice to you with a voice of thanksgiving

This means that Jonah would thank God while he offered a sacrifice to him. It is not clear whether Jonah planned to thank God by singing or shouting joyfully.

90JON29r4j4figs-abstractnouns0Salvation comes from Yahweh
91JON210dz3j0upon the dry land
92JON3introz3ut0
93JON31xj6nfigs-idiom0The word of Yahweh came
94JON32ve4i0Get up, go to Nineveh, that great city

Go to the important city of Nineveh

95JON32cl3bfigs-idiom0Get up

This refers to leaving the place one is at. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

96JON32ir790proclaim to it the message that I command you to give

tell the people what I tell you to tell them

97JON33g4nkfigs-metonymy0the word of Yahweh
98JON33k7k90So Jonah got up and went to Nineveh, according to the word of Yahweh

This time Jonah obeyed Yahweh and went to Nineveh

99JON33j8x1figs-idiom0Jonah got up
100JON33dt1b0Now

This word is used here to mark a change from the story to information about Nineveh.

101JON33ye82figs-idiom0one of three days' journey
102JON34r2al0after a day's journey he called out
103JON34e1b90after a day's journey
104JON34r94k0he called out and said
105JON34q2nctranslate-numbers0forty days
106JON35e5lmfigs-explicit0They all put on sackcloth
107JON35isk50from the greatest of them down to the least of them
108JON36pna30the news

Jonah's message

109JON36h9wz0He rose up from his throne
110JON36pvp70throne

A throne is a chair that the king sits on. It shows that he is the king.

111JON37v29b0He sent out a proclamation that said
112JON37n5fn0nobles

important men who helped the king rule the city

113JON37xw6c0herd nor flock
114JON37fw18figs-explicit0Let them not eat, nor drink water
115JON38ld2n0General Information:

This is a continuation of what the king told the people of Nineveh.

116JON38x6ct0But let both

Let both

117JON38bmf5figs-activepassive0let both man and animal be covered with sackcloth
118JON38mzx60animal
119JON38jh7efigs-explicit0cry out loudly to God
120JON38n3ls0the violence that is in his hands
121JON39wbt6figs-rquestion0Who knows?
122JON39z3jj0God may relent and change his mind
123JON39uvp90we do not perish
124JON310w3uu0God saw what they did

God understood that they stopped doing evil actions

125JON310k8amfigs-metaphor0they turned from their evil ways

The author speaks of the people stop sinning as if they turned their back to an object. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

126JON310i1gpfigs-metaphor0God changed his mind about the punishment that he had said he would do to them
127JON310it1afigs-explicit0he did not do it
128JON4introys570

Jonah 04 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Jonah continues the narrative while bringing the book to what seems like an unusual end. This emphasizes that the book is not really about Jonah. It is about God's desire to be merciful on anyone, whether Jew or pagan. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]])

Special concepts in this chapter

Jonah's anger

It is important to see the relationship between a prophet and Yahweh. Aprophet was to prophesy for Yahweh, and his words must come true. According to the law of Moses, if that did not happen, the penalty was death. When Jonah told the city of Nineveh that it was going to be destroyed in forty days, he was certain it was going to happen. When it did not happen, Jonah was angry with God because he hated the people of Nineveh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Rhetorical questions

As in other places, Jonah asks rhetorical questions to show how angry he was at Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

Parallel to Mount Sinai

In verse 2, Jonah attributes a series of characteristics to God. A Jewish reader of this book would recognize this as a formula Moses used in speaking about God when he was meeting God on Mount Sinai. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

God's grace

When Jonah went outside the city, he got very hot and God graciously provided some relief through the plant. God was trying to teach Jonah through an object lesson. It is important for the reader to see this clearly. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]])

129JON42q6bb0Ah, Yahweh
130JON42k24bfigs-rquestion0is this not just what I said when I was back in my own country?
131JON42jv5c0abounding in covenant faithfulness
132JON42wl7j0you hold back from sending disaster
133JON43dm5tfigs-explicit0take my life from me
134JON43yk5v0for it is better for me to die than to live
135JON44eb4afigs-rquestion0Is it good that you are so angry?
136JON45q1f70went out of the city

left the city of Nineveh

137JON45af460what might become of the city
138JON46i4r40over Jonah so that it might be a shade over his head

over Jonah's head for shade

139JON46t21k0to relieve his distress

to protect Jonah from the heat of the sun

140JON47t7il0But God prepared a worm

God sent a worm

141JON47rw7z0It attacked the plant

The worm chewed the plant

142JON47d16m0the plant withered
143JON48hmi4figs-explicit0God prepared a hot east wind
144JON48mnu90the sun beat down

the sun was very hot

145JON48u2plfigs-synecdoche0on Jonah's head
146JON48z95v0he became faint
147JON48eln60It is better for me to die than to live
148JON49a5f5figs-rquestion0Is it good that you are so angry about the plant?
149JON49w24zfigs-explicit0Is it good that you are so angry about the plant?
150JON49h43a0It is good that I am angry, even to death.

It is good that I am angry. Now I am angry enough to die!

151JON410gkz7figs-explicit0Yahweh said
152JON411ecl1figs-rquestion0should I not have compassion for Nineveh, that great city ... cattle?
153JON411dqi10in which there are more
154JON411c3b7translate-numbers0one hundred and twenty thousand people

120,000 people (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])

155JON411j35h0who do not know the difference between their right hand and their left hand
156JON411q55iwriting-background0also many cattle

The author is pointing out the depth of Nineveh's repentance to the extent that Yahweh takes note of the beasts' participation in the act of repentance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])