en_tn/en_tn_45-ACT.tsv

526 KiB

1BookChapterVerseIDSupportReferenceOrigQuoteOccurrenceGLQuoteOccurrenceNote
2ACTfrontintromw280
3ACT1introvyg90
4ACT11q9ep0The former book I wrote

The former book is the Gospel of Luke.

5ACT11ryj5translate-names0Theophilus
6ACT12n435figs-activepassive0until the day that he was taken up
7ACT12a3940commands through the Holy Spirit

The Holy Spirit led Jesus to instruct his apostles on certain things.

8ACT13dup30After his suffering

This refers to Jesus' suffering and death on the cross.

9ACT13yc160he presented himself alive to them

Jesus appeared to his apostles and to many other disciples.

10ACT14d3krfigs-you0General Information:
11ACT14lw3e0Connecting Statement:

This event happened during the 40 days that Jesus appeared to his followers after he had risen from the dead.

12ACT14vb7g0When he was meeting together with them

When Jesus was meeting together with his apostles

13ACT14sg4hfigs-metonymy0the promise of the Father
14ACT14tj6r0about which, he said
15ACT15uu4k0John indeed baptized with water ... baptized in the Holy Spirit

Jesus contrasts how John baptized people in water with how God would baptize believers in the Holy Spirit.

16ACT15fnq50John indeed baptized with water

John indeed baptized people with water

17ACT15dzj1figs-activepassive0you shall be baptized
18ACT16n9wt0General Information:
19ACT16f7uj0is this the time you will restore the kingdom to Israel

will you now make Israel a great kingdom again

20ACT17y1fufigs-doublet0the times or the seasons
21ACT18ld4k0you will receive power ... and you will be my witnesses
22ACT18vb4mfigs-idiom0to the ends of the earth
23ACT19e1q1figs-explicit0as they were looking up
24ACT19l1cqfigs-activepassive0he was raised up
25ACT19ug580a cloud hid him from their eyes

a cloud blocked their view so that they could no longer see him

26ACT110enu10looking intensely to heaven
27ACT111gpg30You men of Galilee

The angels address the apostles as men who are from Galilee.

28ACT111cue70will return in the same manner

Jesus will return in the sky, just as clouds covered him when he arose into heaven.

29ACT112x2nk0Then they returned

The apostles returned

30ACT112p19gfigs-explicit0a Sabbath day's journey
31ACT113vis20When they arrived
32ACT113zt120the upper chamber

the room on the upper level of the house

33ACT114z6cf0They were all united as one

This means that the apostles and believers there all shared a common commitment and purpose, and there was no strife among them.

34ACT114u4pr0as they diligently continued in prayer

This means that the disciples prayed together regularly and frequently.

35ACT115cup20Connecting Statement:

This event happened during the time that Peter and the other believers were staying together in the upper room.

36ACT115il8wwriting-newevent0In those days
37ACT115tl5mtranslate-numbers0120 people
38ACT115liz10in the midst of the brothers
39ACT116i8tlfigs-activepassive0it was necessary that the scripture should be fulfilled
40ACT116f3umfigs-metonymy0by the mouth of David
41ACT117tmv1writing-background0General Information:

In verses 18-19 the author tells the reader background information about how Judas died and what people called the field where he died. This is not part of Peter's speech. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

42ACT117tmv1figs-exclusive0General Information:
43ACT117q73y0Connecting Statement:

In verse 17 Peter continues his speech to the believers that he began in Acts 1:16.

44ACT118dd580Now this man
45ACT118w83jfigs-explicit0the earnings he received for his wickedness
46ACT118kg3qfigs-explicit0there he fell headfirst, and his body burst open, and all his intestines poured out

This suggests that Judas fell from a high place, rather than just falling down. The fall was severe enough to cause his body to burst open. Other passages of scripture mention that he hanged himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

47ACT119mxf30Field of Blood

When the people living in Jerusalem heard of the way in which Judas died, they renamed the field.

48ACT120d7pk0General Information:

Based on the situation with Judas that Peter just recounted, he recalls two Psalms of David that relate to the incident. The quote ends at the end of this verse.

49ACT120mz130Connecting Statement:

Peter continues his speech to the believers that he began in Acts 1:16.

50ACT120ip5wfigs-activepassive0For it is written in the Book of Psalms
51ACT120mc45figs-parallelism0Let his field be made desolate, and do not let even one person live there

These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

52ACT120chq4figs-metaphor0Let his field be made desolate
53ACT120lsm20be made desolate

become empty

54ACT121xz69figs-exclusive0General Information:
55ACT121t9160Connecting Statement:

Peter finishes his speech to the believers that he began in Acts 1:16.

56ACT121c5k20It is necessary, therefore

Based on the scriptures that he quoted and on what Judas had done, Peter tells the group what they must do.

57ACT121zuf7figs-idiom0the Lord Jesus went in and out among us
58ACT122mrx70beginning from the baptism of John ... become a witness with us of his resurrection
59ACT122qb8jfigs-abstractnouns0beginning from the baptism of John
60ACT122yi3afigs-activepassive0to the day that he was taken up from us
61ACT122g3n90become a witness with us of his resurrection

must begin to testify with us about his resurrection

62ACT123lz7yfigs-explicit0They put forward two men
63ACT123s1fffigs-activepassive0Joseph called Barsabbas, who was also named Justus
64ACT124zd1ffigs-explicit0They prayed and said
65ACT124se6mfigs-metonymy0You, Lord, know the hearts of all people
66ACT125mg47figs-doublet0to take the place in this ministry and apostleship
67ACT125ryv60from which Judas turned away
68ACT125tx6nfigs-euphemism0to go to his own place
69ACT126r84c0They cast lots for them

The apostles cast lots to decide between Joseph and Matthias.

70ACT126w4ph0the lot fell to Matthias

The lot indicated that Matthias was the one to replace Judas.

71ACT126fk4xfigs-activepassive0he was numbered with the eleven apostles
72ACT2introx8fr0
73ACT21i4sa0General Information:

This is a new event; it is now the Day of Pentecost, 50 days after Passover.

74ACT21i4sa0General Information:
75ACT22jc1w0Suddenly

This word refers to an event that happens unexpectedly.

76ACT22qjc30there came from heaven a sound
77ACT22jec50a sound like the rush of a violent wind

a noise that sounded like a very strong wind blowing

78ACT22t4y40the whole house

This may have been a house or a larger building.

79ACT23re3tfigs-simile0There appeared to them tongues like fire

These might not be actual tongues or fire, but something that looked like them. Possible meanings are 1) tongues that looked like they were made of fire or 2) small flames of fire that looked like tongues. When fire burns in a small space, such as on a lamp, the flame can be shaped like a tongue. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

80ACT23xtk40that were distributed, and they sat upon each one of them
81ACT24v7hifigs-activepassive0They were all filled with the Holy Spirit and
82ACT24nr9f0speak in other tongues

They were speaking in languages that they did not already know.

83ACT25dz1lwriting-background0General Information:
84ACT25yft20godly men
85ACT25stq9figs-hyperbole0every nation under heaven
86ACT26bpj7figs-activepassive0When this sound was heard
87ACT26u9hc0the multitude

the large crowd of people

88ACT27m8kdfigs-doublet0They were amazed and marveled
89ACT27wnk2figs-rquestion0Really, are not all these who are speaking Galileans?
90ACT28hzm8figs-rquestion0Why is it that we are hearing them, each in our own language in which we were born?

Possible meanings are 1) this is a rhetorical question that expresses how amazed they were or 2) this is a real question for which the people wanted an answer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

91ACT28wb5t0in our own language in which we were born

in our own languages that we have learned from birth

92ACT29f1vetranslate-names0Parthians ... Medes ... Elamites

These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

93ACT29dm23translate-names0Mesopotamia ... Judea ... Cappadocia ... Pontus ... Asia

These are names of large areas of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

94ACT210tmb4translate-names0Phrygia ... Pamphylia ... Egypt ... Libya ... Cyrene

These are names of large areas of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

95ACT211jnp7translate-names0Cretans ... Arabians

These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

96ACT211w8jy0proselytes

converts to the Jewish religion

97ACT212el2ffigs-doublet0amazed and perplexed
98ACT213fg59figs-idiom0They are full of new wine
99ACT213jj1n0new wine

This refers to wine that is in the process of fermentation.

100ACT214k5hr0Connecting Statement:

Peter begins his speech to the Jews who were there on the Day of Pentecost.

101ACT214c9190stood with the eleven

All the apostles stood up in support of Peter's statement.

102ACT214d9tb0raised his voice
103ACT214ei5jfigs-activepassive0let this be known to you
104ACT214qp16figs-metonymy0pay attention to my words
105ACT215h28qfigs-explicit0it is only the third hour of the day
106ACT216ktw90General Information:

Here Peter tells them a passage about which the prophet Joel wrote in the Old Testament that relates to what is happening with the languages in which the believers spoke. This is written in the form of poetry as well as being a quotation.

107ACT216f9hzfigs-activepassive0this is what was spoken through the prophet Joel
108ACT217ijl80It will be
109ACT217u2d1figs-idiom0I will pour out my Spirit on all people
110ACT218uwd70Connecting Statement:

Peter continues to quote the prophet Joel.

111ACT218nd340my servants and my female servants
112ACT218wz2ifigs-idiom0I will pour out my Spirit
113ACT219p5zi0vapor of smoke
114ACT220ylv70Connecting Statement:

Peter finishes quoting the prophet Joel.

115ACT220a6yhfigs-activepassive0The sun will be turned to darkness
116ACT220f34kfigs-metaphor0the moon to blood
117ACT220swb2figs-doublet0the great and remarkable day
118ACT220lc4g0remarkable

great and beautiful

119ACT221vql5figs-activepassive0everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved
120ACT222sa780Connecting Statement:

Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in Acts 1:16.

121ACT222g6vj0hear these words

listen to what I am about to say

122ACT222f2t10accredited to you by God with the mighty deeds, and wonders, and signs

This means that God proved that he had appointed Jesus for his mission, and proved who he was by his many miracles.

123ACT223s38bfigs-abstractnouns0by God's predetermined plan and foreknowledge
124ACT223i6unfigs-activepassive0This man was handed over
125ACT223f5kn0you, by the hand of lawless men, put him to death by nailing him to a cross
126ACT223e38afigs-metonymy0by the hand of lawless men
127ACT223f6kd0lawless men

Possible meanings are 1) the unbelieving Jews who accused Jesus of crimes or 2) the Roman soldiers who performed the execution of Jesus.

128ACT224ei37figs-idiom0But God raised him up
129ACT224s8j3figs-metaphor0freeing him from the pains of death
130ACT224ykq4figs-activepassive0for him to be held by it
131ACT224vuf4figs-personification0for him to be held by it
132ACT225dd5a0General Information:
133ACT225n2lsfigs-synecdoche0before my face
134ACT225l6xpfigs-synecdoche0beside my right hand
135ACT225s4ypfigs-activepassive0I should not be moved
136ACT226z8vwfigs-synecdoche0my heart was glad and my tongue rejoiced
137ACT226zz6kfigs-synecdoche0my flesh will live in certain hope
138ACT227whi30General Information:
139ACT227m3ij0Connecting Statement:

Peter finishes quoting David.

140ACT227rld3figs-123person0neither will you allow your Holy One to see decay
141ACT227l5cdfigs-explicit0to see decay
142ACT228gsk60the ways of life

the ways that lead to life

143ACT228y7gffigs-metonymy0full of gladness with your face
144ACT228ej5m0gladness

joy, happiness

145ACT229wh970General Information:
146ACT229pv1x0Connecting Statement:

Peter continues his speech that he began in Acts 1:16 to the Jews that surround him and the other believers in Jerusalem.

147ACT229ps7c0Brothers, I

My fellow Jews, I

148ACT229vtc6figs-activepassive0he both died and was buried
149ACT230hq71figs-metonymy0he would set one of the fruit of his body upon his throne
150ACT230x11qfigs-idiom0one of the fruit of his body
151ACT231tn4bfigs-activepassive0He was neither abandoned to Hades
152ACT231up5xfigs-explicit0nor did his flesh see decay
153ACT232kw6afigs-exclusive0General Information:
154ACT232udn1figs-idiom0God raised him up
155ACT233kij2figs-activepassive0having been exalted to the right hand of God
156ACT233c9mrfigs-idiom0having been exalted to the right hand of God
157ACT233c1drfigs-idiom0he has poured out what
158ACT233wsg9figs-idiom0poured out
159ACT234i8wu0General Information:
160ACT234m7fy0Connecting Statement:

Peter finishes his speech to the Jews that he began in Acts 1:16.

161ACT234kvn8translate-symaction0Sit at my right hand
162ACT235nf1xfigs-metaphor0until I make your enemies the stool for your feet
163ACT236pnp5figs-idiom0all the house of Israel
164ACT237xan10General Information:
165ACT237w1ma0Connecting Statement:

The Jews respond to Peter's speech and Peter answers them.

166ACT237zls60when they heard this

when the people heard what Peter had said

167ACT237s85qfigs-activepassive0they were pierced in their hearts
168ACT237l15xfigs-idiom0pierced in their hearts
169ACT238cmb7figs-activepassive0be baptized
170ACT238geb2figs-metonymy0in the name of Jesus Christ
171ACT239v8vi0all who are far off
172ACT240k1kjwriting-endofstory0

This is the end of the part of the story that happened on the Day of Pentecost. Verse 42 begins a section that explains how the believers continued to live after the Day of Pentecost. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])

173ACT240v6ipfigs-doublet0he testified and urged them
174ACT240wtd5figs-explicit0Save yourselves from this wicked generation
175ACT241r9qzfigs-idiom0they received his word
176ACT241kz64figs-activepassive0were baptized
177ACT241a47ffigs-activepassive0there were added in that day about three thousand souls
178ACT241sv5jfigs-synecdoche0about three thousand souls
179ACT242gc59figs-synecdoche0the breaking of bread
180ACT243gi9vfigs-synecdoche0Fear came upon every soul
181ACT243ys3yfigs-activepassive0many wonders and signs were done through the apostles
182ACT243q6dm0wonders and signs
183ACT244u8qk0All who believed were together
184ACT244jy2w0had all things in common

shared their belongings with one another

185ACT245h8tn0property and possessions

land and things they owned

186ACT245f74sfigs-metonymy0distributed them to all
187ACT245n9hi0according to the needs anyone had

They distributed the proceeds that they earned from selling their property and possessions to any believer who had a need.

188ACT246in430they continued with one purpose
189ACT246q1gefigs-synecdoche0they broke bread in homes
190ACT246i2ykfigs-metonymy0with glad and humble hearts
191ACT247z6ig0praising God and having favor with all the people

praising God. All the people approved of them

192ACT247kc42figs-activepassive0those who were being saved
193ACT3introhpd90
194ACT31u6nuwriting-background0General Information:

Verse 2 gives background information about the lame man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

195ACT31b5rm0Connecting Statement:

One day Peter and John go to the temple.

196ACT31br7i0into the temple
197ACT32f227figs-activepassive0a man lame from birth was being carried every day to the Beautiful Gate of the temple
198ACT32j68t0lame

unable to walk

199ACT34xq4u0Peter, fastening his eyes upon him, with John, said

Both Peter and John looked at the man, but only Peter spoke.

200ACT34t1q9figs-idiom0fastening his eyes upon him
201ACT35e3c60The lame man looked at them
202ACT36x6bmfigs-metonymy0Silver and gold

These words refer to money. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

203ACT36zi9tfigs-explicit0what I do have

It is understood that Peter has the ability to heal the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

204ACT36t2vffigs-metonymy0In the name of Jesus Christ
205ACT37ec6j0Peter raised him up

Peter caused him to stand

206ACT38zp7x0he entered ... into the temple
207ACT310zy7h0noticed that it was the man
208ACT310p2zh0the Beautiful Gate

This was the name of one of the entrances to the temple area. See how you translated a similar phrase in Acts 3:2.

209ACT310j6zffigs-doublet0they were filled with wonder and amazement
210ACT311g4y1figs-exclusive0General Information:
211ACT311eu1l0Connecting Statement:

After healing the man who could not walk, Peter talks to the people.

212ACT311rj430the porch that is called Solomon's
213ACT311rk1m0greatly marveling

extremely surprised

214ACT312x9m90When Peter saw this
215ACT312ndi30You men of Israel
216ACT312uyg1figs-rquestion0why do you marvel?
217ACT312j6ldfigs-rquestion0Why do you fix your eyes on us, as if we had made him to walk by our own power or godliness?
218ACT312mwd9figs-idiom0fix your eyes on us
219ACT313q8q20Connecting Statement:

Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in Acts 3:12.

220ACT313cp1jfigs-idiom0rejected before the face of Pilate
221ACT313yy960when he had decided to release him

when Pilate had decided to release Jesus

222ACT314s6qjfigs-activepassive0for a murderer to be released to you
223ACT315jwb1figs-exclusive0General Information:
224ACT315ljn8figs-metaphor0Founder of life
225ACT316xu920Now
226ACT316qt8w0made him strong

made him well

227ACT317v45t0Now

Here Peter shifts the audience's attention from the lame man and continues to talk to them directly.

228ACT317x62k0you acted in ignorance

Possible meanings are 1) that the people did not know that Jesus was the Messiah or 2) that the people did not understand the significance of what they were doing.

229ACT318gcc10God foretold by the mouth of all the prophets
230ACT318ms6d0God foretold
231ACT318z3l7figs-metonymy0the mouth of all the prophets
232ACT319cw18figs-metaphor0and turn
233ACT319zm6yfigs-activepassive0so that your sins may be blotted out
234ACT319x3ca0periods of refreshing from the presence of the Lord
235ACT319f2wmfigs-metonymy0from the presence of the Lord
236ACT320h3nk0that he may send the Christ
237ACT320yzr6figs-activepassive0who has been appointed for you
238ACT321sj210General Information:

In verses 22-23 Peter quotes something Moses told before the Messiah came.

239ACT321u33e0Connecting Statement:

Peter continues his speech that he began in Acts 3:12 to the Jews who stood in the temple area.

240ACT321vgn8figs-personification0He is the One heaven must receive
241ACT321y1ps0heaven must receive until

This means that it is necessary for Jesus to remain in heaven because that is what God has planned.

242ACT321x2f30until the time of the restoration of all things
243ACT321a2m80about which God spoke long ago by the mouth of his holy prophets
244ACT321a12ifigs-metonymy0the mouth of his holy prophets
245ACT322v5nf0will raise up a prophet like me from among your brothers

will cause a one of your brothers to become a true prophet, and everyone will know about him

246ACT322t8di0your brothers

your nation

247ACT323t8a5figs-activepassive0that prophet will be completely destroyed
248ACT324y1z70Connecting Statement:

Peter finishes his speech to the Jews that he began in Acts 3:12.

249ACT324u6x30Yes, and all the prophets
250ACT324xp9h0from Samuel and those who came after him

beginning with Samuel and continuing with the prophets who lived after he did

251ACT324m9pr0these days
252ACT325rh2nfigs-idiom0You are the sons of the prophets and of the covenant
253ACT325mad50In your seed

Because of your offspring

254ACT325g31mfigs-activepassive0shall all the families of the earth be blessed
255ACT326b7tz0After God raised up his servant

After God caused Jesus to become his servant and made him famous

256ACT326z5q60his servant

This refers to the Messiah, Jesus.

257ACT326x8ssfigs-metaphor0turning every one of you from your wickedness
258ACT4intropv3a0
259ACT41ew3l0Connecting Statement:

The religious leaders arrest Peter and John after Peter's having healed the man who was born lame.

260ACT41d3tv0came upon them
261ACT42m74sfigs-explicit0They were deeply troubled
262ACT42mg5l0proclaiming in Jesus the resurrection from the dead
263ACT42np5g0from the dead

From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To come back from among them speaks of becoming alive again.

264ACT43zla70They arrested them

The priests, the captain of the temple, and the Sadducees arrested Peter and John

265ACT43h5f90since it was now evening

It was common practice not to question people at night.

266ACT44bm1f0the number of the men who believed

This refers only to men and does not include how many women or children believed.

267ACT44qd8g0was about five thousand

grew to about five thousand

268ACT45j6p80General Information:
269ACT45i9tj0Connecting Statement:

The rulers question Peter and John who answer without fear.

270ACT45lw2d0It came about ... that

This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

271ACT45cdj1figs-synecdoche0their rulers, elders and scribes

This is a reference to the Sanhedrin, the Jewish ruling court, which consisted of these three groups of people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

272ACT46l44n0John, and Alexander

These two men were members of the high priest's family. This is not the same John as the apostle.

273ACT47t1eq0By what power

Who gave you power

274ACT47jc21figs-metonymy0in what name
275ACT48su5xfigs-activepassive0Then Peter, filled with the Holy Spirit
276ACT49pq85figs-rquestion0if we this day are being questioned ... by what means was this man made well?
277ACT49je6dfigs-activepassive0we this day are being questioned
278ACT49b92nfigs-activepassive0by what means was this man made well
279ACT410snd5figs-activepassive0May this be known to you all and to all the people of Israel
280ACT410j3px0to you all and to all the people of Israel

to you who are questioning us and to all the other people of Israel

281ACT410khn7figs-metonymy0in the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth
282ACT410jyj6figs-idiom0whom God raised from the dead,
283ACT411tdw8figs-inclusive0General Information:
284ACT411nwg60Connecting Statement:

Peter completes his speech to the Jewish religious rulers that he began in Acts 4:8.

285ACT411w195figs-metaphor0Jesus Christ is the stone ... which has been made the head cornerstone

Peter is quoting from the Psalms. This is a metaphor that means the religious leaders, like builders, rejected Jesus, but God will made him the most important in his kingdom, as a cornerstone in a building is important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

286ACT411f1nx0head
287ACT411c1bh0you as builders despised
288ACT412tq3zfigs-abstractnouns0There is no salvation in any other person
289ACT412l66wfigs-activepassive0no other name under heaven given among men
290ACT412iz7kfigs-metonymy0no other name ... given among men
291ACT412jm25figs-idiom0under heaven
292ACT412gg8hfigs-activepassive0by which we must be saved
293ACT413xn390General Information:
294ACT413t6kcfigs-explicit0the boldness of Peter and John
295ACT413p9pq0boldness

having no fear

296ACT413qaa5figs-explicit0realized that they were ordinary, uneducated men
297ACT413r6d60and realized

and understood

298ACT413erv7figs-doublet0ordinary, uneducated men
299ACT414h3cyfigs-activepassive0the man who was healed
300ACT414fq4w0nothing to say against this
301ACT415ql310the apostles

This refers to Peter and John.

302ACT416p4g6figs-rquestion0What shall we do to these men?
303ACT416nh5sfigs-activepassive0For the fact that a remarkable miracle has been done through them is known to everyone who lives in Jerusalem
304ACT416jn12figs-hyperbole0everyone who lives in Jerusalem
305ACT417f71lfigs-explicit0in order that it spreads no further
306ACT417w52jfigs-metonymy0not to speak anymore to anyone in this name
307ACT419hf3ufigs-exclusive0General Information:
308ACT419jf1dfigs-metonymy0Whether it is right in the sight of God
309ACT421gy8dwriting-background0General Information:

Verse 22 gives background information about the age of the lame man who was healed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

310ACT421y5y10After further warning

The Jewish leaders again threatened to punish Peter and John.

311ACT421z2bx0They were unable to find any excuse to punish them

Although the Jewish leaders threatened Peter and John, they could not find a reason to punish them without causing the people to riot.

312ACT421jbl6figs-activepassive0for what had been done
313ACT422ju4w0The man who had experienced this miracle of healing

The man whom Peter and John had miraculously healed

314ACT423j3ap0General Information:
315ACT423j2cxfigs-explicit0came to their own people
316ACT424zu280they raised their voices together to God
317ACT425vc5z0You spoke by the Holy Spirit through the mouth of your servant, our father David

This means that the Holy Spirit caused David to speak or write down what God said.

318ACT425ka83figs-metonymy0through the mouth of your servant, our father David
319ACT425kat60our father David
320ACT425f1x6figs-rquestion0Why did the Gentile nations rage, and the peoples imagine useless things?
321ACT425w622figs-explicit0the peoples imagine useless things
322ACT425h6rc0peoples

people groups

323ACT426fb5a0Connecting Statement:

The believers complete their quotation from King David in the Psalms that they began in Acts 4:25.

324ACT426w2byfigs-parallelism0The kings of the earth set themselves together, and the rulers gathered together against the Lord

These two lines mean basically the same thing. The two lines emphasize the combined effort of the earth's rulers to oppose God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

325ACT426w64bfigs-metonymy0set themselves together ... gathered together
326ACT426yv190against the Lord, and against his Christ
327ACT427b1g90Connecting Statement:

The believers continue praying.

328ACT427nuc10in this city
329ACT427ca330your holy servant Jesus

Jesus who serves you faithfully

330ACT428yz7mfigs-metonymy0to do all that your hand and your plan had decided
331ACT429b38z0Connecting Statement:

The believers complete their prayer that they began in Acts 4:24.

332ACT429t5qmfigs-idiom0look upon their warnings
333ACT429zh7jfigs-metonymy0speak your word with all boldness
334ACT430x9r1figs-metonymy0Stretch out your hand to heal
335ACT430t5uwfigs-metonymy0through the name of your holy servant Jesus
336ACT430txb50your holy servant Jesus
337ACT431x9b3figs-activepassive0the place ... was shaken
338ACT431ps3mfigs-activepassive0they were all filled with the Holy Spirit
339ACT432xu3jfigs-metonymy0were of one heart and soul
340ACT432zyp50they had everything in common
341ACT433d8dr0great grace was upon them all

Possible meanings are: 1) that God was greatly blessing the believers or 2) that the people in Jerusalem held the believers in very high esteem.

342ACT434gw3vfigs-hyperbole0all who owned title to lands or houses
343ACT434ti1h0owned title to lands or houses

owned land or houses

344ACT434l938figs-activepassive0the money of the things that were sold
345ACT435vv4zfigs-idiom0laid it at the apostles' feet
346ACT435ps4sfigs-activepassive0it was distributed to each one according to their need
347ACT436uc2awriting-participants0General Information:

Luke introduces Barnabas into the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

348ACT436nr4vfigs-idiom0Son of Encouragement
349ACT437gtv5figs-idiom0laid it at the apostles' feet
350ACT5introk2uh0
351ACT51v27awriting-background0

Continuing the story of how the new Christians shared their belongings with other believers, Luke tells about two believers, Ananias and Sapphria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

352ACT51ysl90Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line to tell a new part of the story.

353ACT52xm1t0his wife also knew it

his wife also knew that he kept back part of the sale money

354ACT52dy8bfigs-idiom0laid it at the apostles' feet
355ACT53y7j60General Information:

If your language does not use rhetorical questions, you may reword these as statements.

356ACT53grr9figs-rquestion0why has Satan filled your heart to lie ... land?
357ACT53pqd4figs-metonymy0Satan filled your heart
358ACT53zz5ufigs-explicit0to lie to the Holy Spirit and to keep back part of the price

This implies that Ananias had told the apostles that he was giving the entire amount that he had received from selling his land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

359ACT54vu7gfigs-rquestion0While it remained unsold, did it not remain your own ... control?
360ACT54vi8w0While it remained unsold

While you had not sold it

361ACT54wm2rfigs-rquestion0after it was sold, was it not in your control?
362ACT54k7ncfigs-activepassive0after it was sold
363ACT54i5dwfigs-rquestion0How is it that you thought of this thing in your heart?
364ACT55cc5yfigs-euphemism0fell down and breathed his last
365ACT57ry540his wife came in
366ACT57k3c90what had happened

that her husband had died

367ACT58bcf60for so much
368ACT59w1lbfigs-you0General Information:
369ACT59vym80Connecting Statement:

This is the end of the part of the story about Ananias and Sapphira.

370ACT59v7swfigs-rquestion0How is it that you have agreed together to test the Spirit of the Lord?
371ACT59hc220you have agreed together

the two of you have agreed together

372ACT59pg1e0to test the Spirit of the Lord
373ACT59xj1lfigs-synecdoche0the feet of the men who buried your husband
374ACT510nwb90fell down at his feet

This means that when she died, she fell on the floor in front of Peter. This expression should not be confused with falling down at a person's feet as a sign of humility.

375ACT510s7enfigs-euphemism0breathed her last
376ACT512aud20General Information:
377ACT512c2e70Connecting Statement:

Luke continues to tell what happens in the early days of the church.

378ACT512lde1figs-activepassive0Many signs and wonders were taking place among the people through the hands of the apostles
379ACT512ux3n0signs and wonders
380ACT512sri8figs-synecdoche0through the hands of the apostles
381ACT512k99k0Solomon's Porch
382ACT513qd8rfigs-activepassive0they were held in high esteem by the people
383ACT514l9bs0General Information:
384ACT514m9wxfigs-activepassive0more believers were being added to the Lord
385ACT515y2evfigs-explicit0his shadow might fall on some of them

It is implied that God would heal them if Peter's shadow touched them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

386ACT516fu1a0those afflicted with unclean spirits

those whom unclean spirits had afflicted

387ACT516lyc7figs-activepassive0they were all healed
388ACT517p4ta0Connecting Statement:

The religious leaders began to persecute the believers.

389ACT517x2ed0But

This begins a contrasting story. You may translate this in the way that your language introduces a contrasting narrative.

390ACT517f9yefigs-idiom0the high priest rose up
391ACT517pc45figs-activepassive0they were filled with jealousy
392ACT518j58pfigs-idiom0laid hands on the apostles
393ACT519wd370General Information:
394ACT520qm16figs-explicit0in the temple
395ACT520z1x3figs-metonymy0all the words of this life
396ACT521df1ufigs-explicit0into the temple
397ACT521l7uf0about daybreak
398ACT521li6afigs-ellipsis0sent to the jail to have the apostles brought
399ACT523ld7dfigs-explicit0we found no one inside
400ACT524a8dzfigs-you0General Information:
401ACT524k5g60they were much perplexed
402ACT524baw20concerning them
403ACT524p78m0what would come of it

and what would happen as a result

404ACT525c1amfigs-explicit0standing in the temple
405ACT526f7pzfigs-you0General Information:
406ACT526e24h0Connecting Statement:

The captain and the officers bring the apostles before the Jewish religious council.

407ACT526i2v50they feared

they were afraid

408ACT527iq7w0The high priest interrogated them
409ACT528g2hifigs-metonymy0in this name
410ACT528j4krfigs-metaphor0you have filled Jerusalem with your teaching
411ACT528ym1kfigs-metonymy0desire to bring this man's blood upon us
412ACT529y211figs-exclusive0General Information:
413ACT529di9u0Peter and the apostles answered

Peter spoke on behalf of all of the apostles when he said the following words.

414ACT530r7avfigs-idiom0The God of our fathers raised up Jesus
415ACT530pu5jfigs-metonymy0by hanging him on a tree
416ACT531uh2dtranslate-symaction0God exalted him to his right hand
417ACT531mr1dfigs-abstractnouns0give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins
418ACT531q1ilfigs-metonymy0Israel
419ACT532yml60those who obey him

those who submit to God's authority

420ACT533ekh20Connecting Statement:

Gamaliel addresses the council members.

421ACT534i2rrwriting-participants0Gamaliel, a teacher of the law, who was honored by all the people

Luke introduces Gamaliel and provides background information about him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

422ACT534fpr4figs-activepassive0who was honored by all the people
423ACT534xk6gfigs-activepassive0commanded the apostles to be taken outside
424ACT535ae1u0pay close attention to
425ACT536uaj60Theudas rose up
426ACT536b3nl0claiming to be somebody

claiming to be somebody important

427ACT536ie3xfigs-activepassive0He was killed
428ACT536juz1figs-activepassive0all who had been obeying him were scattered
429ACT536rzg50came to nothing

This means that they did not do what they had planned to do.

430ACT537f33y0After this man

After Theudas

431ACT537p56f0in the days of the census

during the time of the census

432ACT537kz4sfigs-idiom0drew away some people after him
433ACT538i4bw0Connecting Statement:

Gamaliel finishes addressing the council members. Though they beat the apostles, command them not to teach about Jesus, and let them go, the disciples continue to teach and preach.

434ACT538wz89figs-explicit0keep away from these men and let them alone

Gamaliel is telling the Jewish leaders no to punish the apostles any more or to put them back in jail. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

435ACT538zh1d0if this plan or work is of men

if men have devised this plan or are doing this work

436ACT538uql8figs-activepassive0it will be overthrown
437ACT539j819figs-ellipsis0if it is of God
438ACT539cyp1figs-activepassive0So they were persuaded
439ACT540z31c0General Information:
440ACT540p6lzfigs-metonymy0they called the apostles in and beat them

The council members would have ordered the temple guards to do these things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

441ACT540fca9figs-metonymy0to speak in the name of Jesus
442ACT541cv8yfigs-activepassive0they were counted worthy to suffer dishonor for the Name
443ACT541lk82figs-metonymy0for the Name
444ACT542jj940Thereafter every day
445ACT542kyp6figs-explicit0in the temple and from house to house
446ACT6introz5r50
447ACT61ky47writing-background0General Information:

This is the beginning of a new part of the story. Luke gives important background information to understand the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

448ACT61f8brwriting-newevent0Now in these days

Consider how new parts of a story are introduced in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

449ACT61t94s0was multiplying

was greatly increasing

450ACT61e7vb0Grecian Jews

These were Jews who had lived most of their lives somewhere in the Roman Empire outside of Israel, and had grown up speaking Greek. Their language and culture were somewhat different from those who had grown up in Israel.

451ACT61ftz80the Hebrews

These were Jews who had grown up in Israel speaking Hebrew or Aramaic. The church consisted of only Jews and converts to Judaism so far.

452ACT61e1z90widows

women whose husband has died

453ACT61s4qyfigs-activepassive0their widows were being overlooked
454ACT61k4jg0being overlooked
455ACT61rde80daily distribution of food

The money that was being given to the apostles was used in part to buy food for the early church widows.

456ACT62jr1yfigs-you0General Information:
457ACT62n5r40The twelve

This refers to the eleven apostles plus Matthias, who was selected in Acts 1:26.

458ACT62g56w0the multitude of the disciples
459ACT62jm17figs-hyperbole0give up the word of God
460ACT62fwk6figs-metonymy0serve tables

This is a phrase meaning to serve food to the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

461ACT63y3bm0men of good reputation, full of the Spirit and of wisdom

Possible meanings are 1) the men have three qualities—a good reputation, being full of the Spirit, and being full of wisdom or 2) the men have a reputation for two qualities—being full of the Spirit, and being full of wisdom .

462ACT63p1yz0men of good reputation
463ACT63i27a0over this business

to be responsible to do this task

464ACT64b3bjfigs-ellipsis0the ministry of the word
465ACT65wh9t0Their speech pleased the whole multitude

All the disciples liked their suggestion

466ACT65ajq1figs-explicit0Stephen ... and Nicolaus

These are Greek names, and suggest that all of the men elected were from the Grecian Jewish group of believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

467ACT65qas90proselyte

a Gentile who converted to the Jewish religion

468ACT66wu1ytranslate-symaction0placed their hands upon them

This represented giving a blessing and imparting responsibility and authority for the work to the seven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

469ACT67x48w0General Information:

This verse gives an update on the church's growth.

470ACT67wu4lfigs-metaphor0word of God continued to spread
471ACT67jg8y0became obedient to the faith

followed the teaching of the new belief

472ACT67qq3l0the faith

Possible meanings are 1) the gospel message of trust in Jesus or 2) the teaching of the church or 3) the Christian teaching.

473ACT68wn1twriting-background0General Information:

These verses give background information about Stephen and other people that is important to understanding the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

474ACT68n3re0Connecting Statement:

This is the beginning of a new part of the story.

475ACT68et2jwriting-participants0Now Stephen

This introduces Stephen as the main character in this part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

476ACT68h8sgfigs-explicit0Stephen, full of grace and power, was doing
477ACT69k88n0synagogue of the Freedmen
478ACT69j8pq0debating with Stephen

arguing with Stephen

479ACT610s2clfigs-exclusive0General Information:
480ACT610fp410Connecting Statement:

The background information that began in Acts 6:8 continues through verse 10.

481ACT610v5iafigs-idiom0not able to stand against
482ACT610fnb20Spirit

this refers to the Holy Spirit

483ACT611ren5figs-explicit0some men to say
484ACT611x7470blasphemous words against

bad things about

485ACT612tqk9figs-exclusive0General Information:
486ACT612l2510stirred up the people, the elders, and the scribes

caused the people, the elders, and the scribes to be very angry at Stephen

487ACT612j3wd0seized him

grabbed him and held him so he could not get away

488ACT613zv6s0does not stop speaking

continually speaks

489ACT614vak4figs-idiom0handed down to us
490ACT615gf7efigs-idiom0fixed their eyes on him
491ACT615k8rwfigs-simile0was like the face of an angel

This phrase compares his face to that of an angel but does not say specifically what they have in common. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])

492ACT7introp9h40
493ACT71pt4hfigs-you0General Information:
494ACT71hy9r0Connecting Statement:

The part of the story about Stephen, which began in Acts 6:8, continues. Stephen begins his response to the high priest and the council by talking about things that happened in Israel's history. Most of this history comes from Moses' writings.

495ACT72v5si0Brothers and fathers, listen to me

Stephen was being very respectful to the council in greeting them as extended family.

496ACT74pfg30General Information:
497ACT74pfg3figs-you0General Information:
498ACT75ax1j0He gave none of it

He did not give any of it

499ACT75qff6figs-idiom0enough to set a foot on
500ACT75u6iw0as a possession to him and to his descendants after him

for Abraham to own and to give to his descendants

501ACT76tn6b0God was speaking to him like this
502ACT76t1h9translate-numbers0four hundred years
503ACT77f7fwfigs-metonymy0I will judge the nation
504ACT77q7y60the nation that they serve

the nation that they will serve

505ACT78mwc9figs-explicit0gave Abraham the covenant of circumcision
506ACT78g4bb0so Abraham became the father of Isaac

The story transitions to Abraham's descendants.

507ACT78ams1figs-ellipsis0Jacob the father
508ACT79n9810the patriarchs
509ACT79tik7figs-explicit0sold him into Egypt
510ACT79w1isfigs-idiom0was with him
511ACT710yr7mfigs-metonymy0over Egypt
512ACT710pb4pfigs-metonymy0all his household
513ACT711p42j0there came a famine
514ACT711p37vfigs-explicit0our fathers

This refers Jacob and his sons, who were the ancestors of the Jewish people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

515ACT712pia80grain

Grain was the most common food at that time.

516ACT712mbg80our fathers

Here this phrase refers to Jabob's sons, Joseph's older brothers.

517ACT713ce2btranslate-ordinal0On their second trip
518ACT713m37e0made himself known

Joseph revealed to his brothers his identity as their brother.

519ACT713jxk8figs-activepassive0Joseph's family became known to Pharaoh
520ACT714aam50sent his brothers back
521ACT715w2sm0he died
522ACT715fe560he and our fathers

Jacob and his sons who became our ancestors

523ACT716slg3figs-activepassive0They were carried over ... and laid
524ACT716la8a0for a price in silver

with money

525ACT717np3ufigs-inclusive0General Information:
526ACT717tuq20As the time of the promise ... the people grew and multiplied

In some languages it may be helpful to say that the people increased in number before saying that the time of the promise arrived.

527ACT717tlh90time of the promise approached

It was close to the time that God would fulfill his promise to Abraham.

528ACT718whe70there arose another king

another king began to rule

529ACT718g2wqfigs-metonymy0over Egypt
530ACT718e2y6figs-metonymy0who did not know about Joseph
531ACT720q66swriting-participants0At that time Moses was born

This introduces Moses into the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

532ACT720cd5zfigs-idiom0very beautiful before God

This phrase is an idiom that means Moses was very beautiful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

533ACT720pnb1figs-activepassive0was nourished
534ACT721w3iufigs-activepassive0When he was placed outside
535ACT721url30Pharaoh's daughter ... raised him as her own son

She did for him every good thing a mother would do for her own son. Use your language's normal word for what a mother does to make sure her son becomes a healthy adult.

536ACT721mbp70as her own son

as if he were her own son

537ACT722c9nwfigs-activepassive0Moses was educated
538ACT722att9figs-hyperbole0all the wisdom of the Egyptians

This is an exaggeration to emphasize that he was trained in the best schools in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

539ACT722m3dm0mighty in his words and works
540ACT723fj9sfigs-metonymy0it came into his heart
541ACT723x493figs-explicit0visit his brothers, the children of Israel
542ACT724l4zvfigs-activepassive0Seeing an Israelite being mistreated ... the Egyptian
543ACT724r2e80striking the Egyptian

Moses hit the Egyptian so hard that he died.

544ACT725wm3j0he thought

he imagined

545ACT725nhb9figs-metonymy0by his hand was rescuing them
546ACT726t1hwfigs-exclusive0General Information:
547ACT726t2vcfigs-explicit0some Israelites

The audience would have known from the account in Exodus that these were two men, but Stephen does not specify that. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

548ACT726mpc70put them at peace with each other

make them stop fighting

549ACT726zzt40Men, you are brothers

Moses was addressing the Israelites who were fighting.

550ACT726k1kufigs-rquestion0why are you hurting one another?
551ACT727q2r4figs-rquestion0Who made you a ruler and a judge over us?
552ACT728hk1g0Would you like to kill me, as you killed the Egyptian yesterday?

The man used this question to warn Moses that he and probably others knew Moses had killed the Egyptian.

553ACT729l149figs-explicit0General Information:

Stephen's audience already knew that Moses had married a Midianite woman when he fled Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

554ACT729q8qvfigs-explicit0after hearing this

The implied information is that Moses understood that the Israelites knew that he had killed an Egyptian the day before (Acts 7:28). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

555ACT730zx1cfigs-explicit0When forty years were past
556ACT730f7yufigs-explicit0an angel appeared

Stephen's audience knew that God spoke through the angel. The UST makes this explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

557ACT731q6w6figs-explicit0he marveled at the sight
558ACT731uk7u0as he approached to look at it

This may mean Moses initially drew close to the bush to investigate.

559ACT732b4q60I am the God of your fathers

I am the God whom your ancestors worshiped

560ACT732tdr70Moses trembled and did not dare to look

This may mean Moses drew back in fear when he heard the voice.

561ACT732e19kfigs-explicit0Moses trembled
562ACT733x7cdtranslate-symaction0Take off the sandals

God told Moses this so he would honor God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

563ACT733clk4figs-explicit0for the place where you are standing is holy ground

The implied information is that where God is present, the immediate area around God is considered or made holy by God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

564ACT734yz7b0certainly seen
565ACT734x5bg0my people
566ACT734j32c0I have come down to rescue them

will personally cause their release

567ACT734sq8y0now come
568ACT735x4p20General Information:
569ACT735gn6e0This Moses whom they rejected

This refers back to the events recorded in Acts 7:27-28.

570ACT735vp7e0deliverer

rescuer

571ACT735yjz9figs-metonymy0by the hand of the angel ... bush
572ACT736gz9rfigs-explicit0during forty years
573ACT737b4sg0raise up a prophet

cause a man to be a prophet

574ACT737j2rx0from among your brothers

from among your own people

575ACT738l8u70General Information:

The quotation in verse 40 is from the writings of Moses.

576ACT738e8qu0This is the man who was in the assembly

This is the man Moses who was among the Israelites

577ACT738fd250This is the man
578ACT738y2zu0this is the man who received living words to give to us
579ACT738p3xkfigs-metonymy0living words
580ACT739mvz8figs-metaphor0pushed him away from themselves
581ACT739z3zefigs-metonymy0in their hearts they turned back
582ACT740tk8u0At that time

When they decided to return to Egypt

583ACT741w38i0General Information:

Stephen's quotation here is from the prophet Amos.

584ACT741ux1jfigs-explicit0they made a calf
585ACT741hh770a calf ... the idol ... the work of their hands

These phrases all refer to the same statue of the calf.

586ACT742d3ddtranslate-symaction0God turned
587ACT742rag50gave them up

abandoned them

588ACT742u7lx0the stars in the sky

Possible meanings for the original phrase are 1) the stars only or 2) the sun, moon, and stars.

589ACT742f3140the book of the prophets

This was apparently a collection of the writings of several of the Old Testament prophets into one scroll. It would also have included the writings of Amo.

590ACT742gd1bfigs-rquestion0Did you offer to me slain beasts and sacrifices ... Israel?
591ACT742j4q8figs-metonymy0house of Israel
592ACT743zek50General Information:

The quotation from the prophet Amos continues here.

593ACT743fs4q0Connecting Statement:

Stephen continues his response to the high priest and the council which he began in Acts 7:2.

594ACT743rk4zfigs-explicit0You accepted
595ACT743im7e0tabernacle of Molech

the tent that housed the false god Molech

596ACT743cq470the star of the god Rephan

the star that is identified with the false god Rephan

597ACT743gm4g0the images that you made

They made statues or images of the gods Molech and Rephan in order to worship them.

598ACT743zgq60I will carry you away beyond Babylon
599ACT744m9gw0the tabernacle of the testimony

The tent that housed the ark (a box) with the 10 commandments carved in stone inside it

600ACT745n2sc0our fathers, under Joshua, received the tabernacle and brought it with them
601ACT745n1pp0God took the land from the nations and drove them out before the face of our fathers
602ACT745spm5figs-metonymy0God took the land ... before the face of our fathers
603ACT745c2fbfigs-metonymy0the nations
604ACT745m9ib0drove them out

forced them to leave the land

605ACT746w3cu0a dwelling place for the God of Jacob
606ACT747a7bx0General Information:

In verses 49 and 50, Stephen quotes from the prophet Isaiah. In the quotation, God is speaking about himself.

607ACT748c822figs-synecdoche0made with hands
608ACT749k2vn0Heaven is my throne ... the earth is the footstool for my feet

The prophet is comparing the greatness of God's presence to how impossible it is for man to build a place for God to rest on earth since the whole earth is nothing but a place for God to rest his feet.

609ACT749wc9mfigs-rquestion0What kind of house can you build for me?
610ACT749u1ftfigs-rquestion0what is the place for my rest?
611ACT750rfk1figs-rquestion0Did my hand not make all these things?
612ACT751zei20Connecting Statement:

With a sharp rebuke, Stephen finishes his response to the high priest and the council which he began in Acts 7:2.

613ACT751umq60You people who are stiff-necked

Stephen shifted from identifying with the Jewish leaders to rebuking them.

614ACT751vn7hfigs-idiom0stiff-necked
615ACT751zp55figs-metonymy0uncircumcised in heart and ears
616ACT752x7kffigs-rquestion0Which of the prophets did your fathers not persecute?
617ACT752q8wb0Righteous One

This refers to the Christ, the Messiah.

618ACT752agd90you have now become the betrayers and murderers of him also

you have also betrayed and murdered him

619ACT752fcc60murderers of him
620ACT753euw50the law that angels had established

the laws that God caused angels to give to our ancestors

621ACT754t4u20Connecting Statement:

The council reacts to Stephen's words.

622ACT754ef2g0Now when the council members heard these things

This is the turning point; the sermon ends and the council members react.

623ACT754u4l7figs-idiom0were cut to the heart
624ACT754ae9stranslate-symaction0ground their teeth at Stephen
625ACT755ntp40looked up intently into heaven
626ACT755bl2jfigs-explicit0saw the glory of God
627ACT755vyz3translate-symaction0and he saw Jesus standing at the right hand of God
628ACT756aqp80Son of Man
629ACT757p4cgtranslate-symaction0covered their ears
630ACT758ks1u0They dragged him out of the city

They seized Stephen and forcefully took him out of the city

631ACT758wy7n0outer clothing

These are cloaks or robes they would wear outside to stay warm, similar in function to a jacket or coat.

632ACT758sx2p0at the feet
633ACT758e2vl0a young man

Saul was probably around 30 years old at the time.

634ACT759le7k0Connecting Statement:

This ends the story of Stephen.

635ACT759k2el0receive my spirit
636ACT760u86qtranslate-symaction0He knelt down

This is an act of submission to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

637ACT760tvf8figs-litotes0do not hold this sin against them
638ACT760r9vifigs-euphemism0fell asleep
639ACT8introq9d90
640ACT81tp9etranslate-versebridge0General Information:

It may be helpful to your audience to move these parts of the story about Stephen together by using a verse bridge as the UST does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge]])

641ACT81a7uc0Connecting Statement:

The story shifts from Stephen to Saul in these verses.

642ACT81ez88writing-background0So there began ... except the apostles

This part of verse 1 is background information about the persecution that began after Stephen's death. This explains why Saul was persecuting the believers in verse 3. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

643ACT81vc8x0that day

This refers to the day that Stephen died (Acts 7:59-60).

644ACT81u5pifigs-hyperbole0the believers were all scattered
645ACT81k5a2figs-explicit0except the apostles

This statement implies that the apostles remained in Jerusalem even though they also experienced this great persecution. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

646ACT82sjc80Devout men
647ACT82a38x0made great lamentation over him

greatly mourned his death

648ACT83nz280dragged out men and women

Saul forcefully took Jewish believers out of their home and put them into prison.

649ACT83yd2i0house after house

houses one by one

650ACT83ylr60dragged out men and women

took away men and women by force

651ACT83w6vkfigs-explicit0men and women

This refers to men and women who believed in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

652ACT84dh3x0Connecting Statement:

This begins the story of Philip, whom the people had chosen as a deacon (Acts 6:5).

653ACT84ymy5figs-activepassive0who had been scattered
654ACT84su6ifigs-metonymy0the word
655ACT85gz5m0went down to the city of Samaria
656ACT85f45b0the city of Samaria
657ACT85pk1lfigs-metonymy0proclaimed to them the Christ
658ACT86cnt90When multitudes of people
659ACT86wm830they paid attention

The reason people paid attention was because of all the healing Philip did.

660ACT87xb2n0who were possessed
661ACT88z5z3figs-metonymy0So there was much joy in that city
662ACT89jm7nwriting-background0General Information:

Simon is introduced to the story of Philip. This verse gives the beginning of the background information about Simon and who he was among the Samaritans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

663ACT89bed1writing-participants0But there was a certain man ... named Simon

This is a way of introducing a new person into the story. Your language may use different wording to introduce a new person into the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

664ACT89cx7a0the city
665ACT810kb9bwriting-background0General Information:

Simon is introduced to the story of Philip. This verse continues to give the beginning of the background information about Simon and who he was among the Samaritans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

666ACT810evt7figs-hyperbole0All the Samaritans
667ACT810ibl1figs-merism0from the least to the greatest
668ACT810j3d80This man is that power of God which is called Great
669ACT810yw5v0that power of God which is called Great
670ACT811pxj8writing-background0General Information:

Simon is introduced to the story of Philip. This verse ends the background information about Simon and who he was among the Samaritans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

671ACT812yiw30Connecting Statement:

These verses give more information about Simon and some of the Samaritans coming to believe in Jesus.

672ACT812vsy8figs-activepassive0they were baptized
673ACT813k2thfigs-rpronouns0Simon himself believed
674ACT813v91tfigs-activepassive0he was baptized
675ACT813aj930When he saw signs
676ACT814q8wx0Connecting Statement:

Luke continues the news of what was happening in Samaria.

677ACT814s7lrwriting-newevent0Now when the apostles in Jerusalem heard

This marks the beginning of a new part of the story of the Samaritan's becoming believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

678ACT814ju21figs-synecdoche0Samaria

This refers to the many people, who had become believers, throughout the district of Samaria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

679ACT814e6820had received
680ACT815af1n0When they had come down

when Peter and John had come down

681ACT815hk1m0come down

This phrase is used here because Samaria is lower in elevation than Jerusalem.

682ACT815bun90they prayed for them

Peter and John prayed for the Samaritan believers

683ACT815n7vc0that they might receive the Holy Spirit

that the Samaritan believers might receive the Holy Spirit

684ACT816m1nwfigs-activepassive0they had only been baptized
685ACT816rn3cfigs-metonymy0they had only been baptized into the name of the Lord Jesus
686ACT817fwh80Peter and John placed their hands on them
687ACT817q7gdtranslate-symaction0placed their hands on them

This symbolic action shows that Peter and John wanted God to give the Holy Spirit to the believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

688ACT818rh79figs-activepassive0the Holy Spirit was given through the laying on of the apostles' hands
689ACT819fbw90that whoever I place my hands on might receive the Holy Spirit

that I can give the Holy Spirit to anyone on whom I place my hands

690ACT820df1j0General Information:

Here the words him, your, you, and yours all refer to Simon.

691ACT820jju30May your silver perish along with you

May you and your money be destroyed

692ACT820gh120the gift of God

Here this refers to the ability to give the Holy Spirit by laying his hands on someone.

693ACT821p2evfigs-doublet0You have no part or share in this matter
694ACT821xbh2figs-metonymy0your heart is not right
695ACT822ppk5figs-metonymy0for the intention of your heart
696ACT822sa6s0this wickedness

these evil thoughts

697ACT822pe2u0he might perhaps forgive

he may be willing to forgive

698ACT823d3v7figs-metaphor0in the poison of bitterness
699ACT823j696figs-metaphor0in the bonds of sin
700ACT824n5cw0General Information:
701ACT824u1a40so that nothing you have said may happen to me
702ACT824sk5w0so that nothing you have said may happen to me

This refers to Peter's rebuke about Simon's silver perishing along with him.

703ACT825dl9f0Connecting Statement:

This is concludes the part of the story about Simon and the Samaritans.

704ACT825uz150testified

Peter and John told what they personally knew about Jesus to the Samaritans.

705ACT825ww9kfigs-metonymy0spoken the word of the Lord
706ACT825eu66figs-synecdoche0to many villages of the Samaritans
707ACT826zkc5writing-background0General Information:

Verse 27 gives background information about the man from Ethiopia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

708ACT826rnh40Connecting Statement:

This begins the part of the story about Philip and the man from Ethiopia.

709ACT826mbj9writing-newevent0Now

This marks a transition in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

710ACT826w1nk0Arise and go
711ACT826le2c0goes down from Jerusalem to Gaza
712ACT826a18ywriting-background0This road is in a desert

Most scholars believe Luke added this comment to describe the area through which Philip would travel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

713ACT827xy7xwriting-participants0Behold
714ACT827s1uf0eunuch
715ACT827t5t1translate-names0Candace

This was a title for the queens of Ethiopia. It is similar to the way the word Pharaoh was used for the kings of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

716ACT827v8q7figs-explicit0He had come to Jerusalem to worship
717ACT828d3kv0chariot
718ACT828bx2jfigs-metonymy0reading the prophet Isaiah
719ACT829llh1figs-metonymy0stay close to this chariot
720ACT830ffh7figs-metonymy0reading Isaiah the prophet
721ACT830x98i0Do you understand what you are reading?
722ACT831r5g2figs-rquestion0How can I, unless someone guides me?
723ACT831zx9hfigs-explicit0He begged Philip to ... sit with him

It is implied here that Philip agreed to travel down the road with him to explain the scriptures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

724ACT832nd930General Information:
725ACT832lu3j0like a lamb before his shearer is silent

A shearer is a person who cuts the wool off the sheep so that it may be used.

726ACT833y2a1figs-activepassive0In his humiliation justice was taken away from him
727ACT833k3uzfigs-rquestion0Who can fully describe his descendants?
728ACT833idk8figs-activepassive0his life was taken from the earth
729ACT834htb20I beg you

Please tell me

730ACT835uw21figs-metonymy0this scripture
731ACT836ip130they went on the road

they continued to travel along the road

732ACT836muz2figs-rquestion0What prevents me from being baptized?
733ACT838l8wl0commanded the chariot to stop

told the driver of the chariot to stop

734ACT839tz5u0Connecting Statement:

This is the end of the part of the story about Philip and the man from Ethiopia. The story of Philip ends at Caesarea.

735ACT839xp520the eunuch saw him no more

the eunuch did not see Philip again

736ACT840r1x70Philip appeared at Azotus

There was no indication of Philip's traveling between where he baptized the Ethiopian and Azotus. He just suddenly disappeared along the road to Gaza and reappeared at the town of Azotus.

737ACT840arh50that region

This refers to the area around the town of Azotus.

738ACT840zfn60to all the cities

to all the cities in that region

739ACT9introjm6x0
740ACT91r4n5writing-background0General Information:
741ACT91yt9e0Connecting Statement:

The story shifts back to Saul and his salvation.

742ACT91anb6figs-abstractnouns0still speaking threats even of murder against the disciples
743ACT92v9lwfigs-metonymy0for the synagogues
744ACT92y8f60if he found any
745ACT92pk190who belonged to the Way

who followed the teachings of Jesus Christ

746ACT92n94s0the Way

This term appears to have been a title for Christianity at that time.

747ACT92a6z4figs-explicit0he might bring them bound to Jerusalem
748ACT93lv9q0Connecting Statement:

After the high priest gave Saul the letters, Saul left for Damascus.

749ACT93jf4g0As he was traveling

Saul left Jerusalem and now travels to Damascus.

750ACT93by55writing-newevent0it happened that

This is an expression that marks a change in the story to show something different is about to happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

751ACT93dm6c0there shone all around him a light out of heaven

a light from heaven shone all around him

752ACT93gua80out of heaven

Possible meanings are 1) heaven, where God lives or 2) the sky. The first meaning is preferable. Use that meaning if your language has a separate word for it.

753ACT94y4u40he fell upon the ground
754ACT94c9l4figs-rquestion0why are you persecuting me?
755ACT95q8ge0General Information:
756ACT95jaq20Who are you, Lord?

Saul was not acknowledging that Jesus is the Lord. He uses that title because he understood that he spoke to someone of supernatural power.

757ACT96i1kj0but rise, enter into the city

get up and go into the city Damascus

758ACT96fbi6figs-activepassive0it will be told you
759ACT97xu7c0hearing the voice, but seeing no one

they heard the voice, but they did not see anyone

760ACT97f9fe0but seeing no one
761ACT98puw3figs-explicit0when he opened his eyes

This implies that he had closed his eyes because the light was too bright. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

762ACT98dgg80he could see nothing
763ACT99fhn60was without sight
764ACT99t8uc0he neither ate nor drank

It is not stated whether he chose not to eat or drink as a form of worship, or if he had no appetite because he was too distressed from his situation. It is preferable not to specify the reason.

765ACT910kgn9translate-names0General Information:

The story of Saul continues but Luke introduces another man named Ananias. This is not the same Ananias who died earlier in Acts Acts 5:3. You may translate this name the same way though as you did in Acts 5:1. Though there is more than one Judas mentioned in the New Testament, it is likely this is the only appearance of this Judas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

766ACT910j847writing-participants0Now there was

This introduces Ananias as a new character. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

767ACT910vl8k0He said

Ananias said

768ACT911mn240go to the street which is called Straight

go to Straight Street

769ACT911ie1l0house of Judas

This Judas is not the disciple who betrayed Jesus. This Judas was owner of a house in Damascus where Saul was staying.

770ACT911u5j80a man from Tarsus named Saul
771ACT912jk46translate-symaction0laying his hands on him

This was a symbol of giving a spiritual blessing to Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

772ACT912nx5q0he might see again

he might regain his ability to see

773ACT913la9t0your holy people
774ACT914ptd6figs-explicit0authority ... to arrest everyone here

It is implied that the extent of the power and authority granted Saul was limited to the Jewish people at this point in time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

775ACT914t3flfigs-metonymy0calls upon your name
776ACT915jmt7figs-metonymy0he is a chosen instrument of mine
777ACT915z5fjfigs-metonymy0to carry my name
778ACT916kty3figs-metonymy0for the cause of my name
779ACT917q61xfigs-you0General Information:
780ACT917j2pf0Connecting Statement:

Ananias goes to the house where Saul is staying. After Saul is healed, the story shifts from Ananias back to Saul.

781ACT917s8ms0So Ananias departed, and entered into the house
782ACT917my6mtranslate-symaction0Laying his hands on him

Ananias put his hands on Saul. This was a symbol of giving a blessing to Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

783ACT917a89qfigs-activepassive0so that you might receive your sight and be filled with the Holy Spirit
784ACT918m1hx0something like scales fell

something that appeared like fish scales fell

785ACT918g2ea0he received his sight

he was able to see again

786ACT918efs9figs-activepassive0he arose and was baptized
787ACT920rc490General Information:
788ACT920w65rguidelines-sonofgodprinciples0Son of God

This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

789ACT921xid8figs-hyperbole0All who heard him
790ACT921f4fdfigs-rquestion0Is not this the man who destroyed those in Jerusalem who called on this name?
791ACT921ctg3figs-metonymy0this name
792ACT922r1np0causing distress among the Jews

They were distressed in the sense that they could not find a way to refute Saul's arguments that Jesus was the Christ.

793ACT923g6gw0General Information:
794ACT923g74cfigs-synecdoche0the Jews
795ACT924lv62figs-activepassive0But their plan became known to Saul
796ACT924cy9n0They watched the gates

This city had a wall surrounding it. People could normally only enter and exit the city through the gates.

797ACT925lc8m0his disciples

people who believed Saul's message about Jesus and were following his teaching

798ACT925u8g80let him down through the wall, lowering him in a basket

used ropes to lower him in a large basket through an opening in the wall

799ACT926j1el0General Information:
800ACT926e38mfigs-hyperbole0but they were all afraid of him
801ACT927n9f1figs-metonymy0had spoken boldly in the name of Jesus
802ACT928m5rs0He met with them
803ACT928fbb7figs-metonymy0in the name of the Lord Jesus
804ACT929d7lm0debated with the Grecian Jews

Saul tried to reason with the Jews who spoke Greek.

805ACT930uz9a0the brothers
806ACT930j4mt0brought him down to Caesarea
807ACT930aqn6figs-explicit0sent him away to Tarsus

Caesarea was a seaport. They brothers probably sent Saul to Tarsus by ship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

808ACT931vk8y0General Information:

Verse 31 is a statement that gives an update on the church's growth.

809ACT931n7c50Connecting Statement:

In verse 32, the story shifts from Saul to a new part of the story about Peter.

810ACT931s4bn0the church throughout all Judea, Galilee, and Samaria
811ACT931fh2g0had peace
812ACT931elq7figs-activepassive0was built up
813ACT931j8c9figs-metaphor0walking in the fear of the Lord
814ACT931hl240in the comfort of the Holy Spirit

with the Holy Spirit strengthening and encouraging them

815ACT932w68gwriting-newevent0Now it came about

This phrase is used to mark a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

816ACT932m9sgfigs-hyperbole0throughout the whole region

This is an generalization for Peter's visiting the believers in many places in the region of Judea, Galilee, and Samaria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

817ACT932ad7g0he came down
818ACT932g5c40Lydda

Lydda is a city located about 18 kilometers southeast of Joppa. This city was called Lod in the Old Testament and in modern Israel.

819ACT933hzd70There he found a certain man
820ACT933jnc4writing-participants0a certain man named Aeneas

This introduces Aeneas as a new character in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

821ACT933uj5fwriting-background0who had been in his bed ... was paralyzed

This is background information about Aeneas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

822ACT933k7hw0paralyzed

unable to walk, probably unable to move below the waist

823ACT934ff2a0make your bed

roll up your mat

824ACT935z3fpfigs-hyperbole0everyone who lived in Lydda and in Sharon
825ACT935qkv40in Lydda and in Sharon

The city of Lydda was located in the Plain of Sharon.

826ACT935pf230saw the man
827ACT935x9ywfigs-metaphor0and they turned to the Lord
828ACT936gy8uwriting-background0General Information:

These verses give background information about the woman named Tabitha. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

829ACT936du3s0Connecting Statement:

Luke continues the story with a new event about Peter.

830ACT936zgq5writing-newevent0Now there was

This introduces a new part in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

831ACT936gwr4translate-names0
832ACT936q2rn0full of good works

doing many good things

833ACT937mg72figs-explicit0It came about in those days
834ACT937y8sx0washed her

This was washing to prepare for her burial.

835ACT937znj40they laid her in an upper room

This was a temporary display of the body during the funeral process.

836ACT938uhz50they sent two men to him

the disciples sent two men to Peter

837ACT939k1se0to the upper room

to the upstairs room where Dorcas' body was lying

838ACT939me790all the widows

It is possible that all the widows of the town were there since it was not a large town.

839ACT939piu70widows

women whose husbands had died and therefore needed help

840ACT939y6q50while she had been with them

while she was still alive with the disciples

841ACT940ek9cwriting-endofstory0

The story of Tabitha ends in verse 42. Verse 43 tells us what happens to Peter after the story ends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])

842ACT940yp2u0put them all out of the room
843ACT941r7n60gave her his hand and lifted her up

Peter took hold of her hand and helped her stand up.

844ACT941b73s0the believers and the widows

The widows were possibly also believers but are mentioned specifically because Tabitha was so important to them.

845ACT942nda9figs-activepassive0This matter became known throughout all Joppa
846ACT942fyz40believed on the Lord

believed in the gospel of the Lord Jesus

847ACT943k9ikwriting-newevent0It happened that
848ACT943qar20Simon, a tanner

a man named Simon who made leather from animal skins

849ACT10introym7z0
850ACT101m1vxwriting-background0General Information:

These verses give background information about Cornelius. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

851ACT101nfy50Connecting Statement:

This is the beginning of the part of the story about Cornelius.

852ACT101wtb9writing-participants0Now there was a certain man

This was a way of introducing a new person to this part of the historical account. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

853ACT101x4760Cornelius by name, a centurion of what was called the Italian Regiment
854ACT102n8i30worshiped God
855ACT102w2kxfigs-hyperbole0he constantly prayed to God
856ACT103up3j0the ninth hour
857ACT103g3lv0he clearly saw

Cornelius clearly saw

858ACT104p5mlfigs-explicit0Your prayers and your gifts ... a memorial offering into God's presence
859ACT106lt9n0a tanner

a person who makes leather from animal skins

860ACT107g6lq0When the angel who spoke to him had left

When Cornelius' vision of the angel had ended.

861ACT107i3x70a devout soldier from among those who served him
862ACT107yg7g0devout

An adjective to describe a person who worshiped God and served him.

863ACT108pcg20told them all that had happened

Cornelius explained his vision to his two servants and to one of his soldiers.

864ACT108d2p30sent them to Joppa

sent two of his two servants and the one soldier to Joppa.

865ACT109ey9n0General Information:
866ACT109w3g40Connecting Statement:

The story shifts away from Cornelius to tell us what God is doing with to Peter.

867ACT109tu7n0about the sixth hour

around noon

868ACT109r6l80up upon the housetop

The roofs of the houses were flat, and people often did many different activities on them.

869ACT1010slq70while the people were cooking some food

before the people finished cooking the food

870ACT1010im7xfigs-activepassive0he was given a vision
871ACT1011n4hi0he saw the sky open

This was the beginning of Peter's vision. It can be a new sentence.

872ACT1011u9u40something like a large sheet ... four corners

The container holding the animals had the appearance of a large square piece of cloth.

873ACT1011jh1m0let down by its four corners
874ACT1012ua3jfigs-explicit0all kinds of four-footed animals ... birds of the sky
875ACT1013a2z4figs-synecdoche0a voice spoke to him
876ACT1014z7r50Not so

I will not do that

877ACT1014a2jjfigs-explicit0I have never eaten anything that was defiled and unclean

It is implied that some the animals in the container were unclean as defined by the law of Moses and were not to be eaten by believers who lived before Christ died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

878ACT1015xs5sfigs-123person0What God has cleansed
879ACT1016rlr90This happened three times
880ACT1017d4zi0Peter was very confused

This means that Peter was having difficulty understanding what the vision meant.

881ACT1017n6da0behold
882ACT1017e62mfigs-explicit0stood before the gate
883ACT1017h72m0after they had asked their way to the house

This happened before they arrived at the house. This could be stated earlier in the verse, as the UST does.

884ACT1018qe9d0They called out

Cornelius' men remained outside the gate while asking about Peter.

885ACT1019e8ai0thinking about the vision

wondering about the meaning of the vision

886ACT1019d9q80the Spirit

the Holy Spirit

887ACT1019iqx50Behold, three

Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: three

888ACT1019va39translate-textvariants0three men are looking for you

Some ancient texts have a different number of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])

889ACT1020ym1x0go down

go down from the roof of the house

890ACT1020wx4n0Do not hesitate to go with them

It would be natural for Peter not to want to go with them, because they were strangers and they were Gentiles.

891ACT1021lj1f0I am he whom you are seeking

I am the man you are looking for

892ACT1022i4zh0General Information:
893ACT1022baa3figs-activepassive0A centurion named Cornelius ... listen to a message from you

This can be divided into several sentences and stated in active form as the UST does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

894ACT1022wvl10worships God
895ACT1022gv91figs-hyperbole0all the nation of the Jews
896ACT1023jlc70So Peter invited them to come in and stay with him

The journey to Caesarea was too long for them to begin that afternoon.

897ACT1023shs50stay with him

be his guests

898ACT1023t7cz0some of the brothers from Joppa

This refers to believers who lived in Joppa.

899ACT1024c3s60On the following day

This was the next day after they left Joppa. The journey to Caesarea took longer than one day.

900ACT1024g2up0Cornelius was waiting for them

Cornelius expected them

901ACT1025wxt80when Peter entered

when Peter entered the house

902ACT1025b4pntranslate-symaction0fell down at his feet to worship him
903ACT1025u2x50fell down

He purposely lies down facing the ground to show that he is worshiping.

904ACT1026s7n50Stand up! I too am a man
905ACT1027f9x6figs-you0General Information:
906ACT1027bg7b0Connecting Statement:

Peter addresses the people who are gathered in Cornelius' house.

907ACT1027twp9figs-explicit0many people gathered together
908ACT1028g7j70You yourselves know

Peter is addressing Cornelius and his invited guests.

909ACT1028iyx60it is not lawful for a Jewish man
910ACT1028k3we0someone from another nation

This refers to people who were not Jews and not specifically to where they lived.

911ACT1030krz8figs-you0General Information:
912ACT1030n5fs0Connecting Statement:

Cornelius responds to Peter's question.

913ACT1030na4u0Four days ago
914ACT1030mqv8translate-textvariants0praying
915ACT1030yy6e0at the ninth hour

The normal afternoon time that the Jews pray to God.

916ACT1031heh3figs-activepassive0your prayer has been heard by God
917ACT1031s6nz0reminded God about you
918ACT1032ci310call to you a man named Simon who is called Peter

tell Simon who is also called Peter to come to you

919ACT1033p5ee0at once

right away

920ACT1033ruf30You are kind to have come
921ACT1033ry210in the sight of God

This refers to the presence of God.

922ACT1033xt4xfigs-activepassive0that you have been instructed by the Lord to say
923ACT1034ku8u0Connecting Statement:

Peter begins speaking to everyone in the house of Cornelius.

924ACT1034cyn80Then Peter opened his mouth and said

Peter began to speak to them

925ACT1034ha310Truly

This means that what he is about to say is especially important to know.

926ACT1034iii70God does not take anyone's side

God does not favor certain people

927ACT1035j78e0anyone who worships and does righteous deeds is acceptable to him

he accepts anyone who worships him and does righteous deeds

928ACT1035b5cr0worships
929ACT1036bjk70General Information:
930ACT1036sv4s0Connecting Statement:

Peter continues to talk to Cornelius and his guests.

931ACT1036md1l0who is Lord of all
932ACT1037ch65figs-hyperbole0throughout all Judea
933ACT1037sq2i0after the baptism that John announced

after John preached to the people to repent and then baptized them

934ACT1038jtr30the events ... and with power
935ACT1038ku82figs-metaphor0God anointed him with the Holy Spirit and with power

The Holy Spirit and God's power are spoken of as if they are something that can be poured out onto a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

936ACT1038y5yafigs-hyperbole0all who were oppressed by the devil
937ACT1038tj3ufigs-idiom0God was with him
938ACT1039kal7figs-exclusive0General Information:
939ACT1039sx3a0in the country of the Jews

This refers mainly to Judea at that time.

940ACT1039z4dt0hanging him on a tree
941ACT1040cxj5figs-idiom0God raised him up
942ACT1040w8kv0the third day

the third day after he died

943ACT1040iz8l0caused him to be seen

permitted many people to see him after he was raised from the dead

944ACT1041q7d10from the dead

From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld.

945ACT1042ik96figs-exclusive0General Information:
946ACT1042zne50Connecting Statement:

Peter finishes his speech to everyone in the house of Cornelius, which he began in Acts 10:34.

947ACT1042c1akfigs-activepassive0that this is the one who has been chosen by God
948ACT1042ws4tfigs-nominaladj0the living and the dead
949ACT1043ub5d0It is to him that all the prophets bear witness

All the prophets bear witness to Jesus

950ACT1043vq6lfigs-activepassive0everyone who believes in him shall receive forgiveness of sins
951ACT1043y6d1figs-metonymy0through his name
952ACT1044cz7x0the Holy Spirit fell
953ACT1044wf7u0all of those who were listening
954ACT1045j6wt0the gift of the Holy Spirit

This refers to the Holy Spirit himself who was given to them.

955ACT1045g161figs-activepassive0the Holy Spirit was poured out
956ACT1045mqs8figs-metaphor0poured out
957ACT1045je220the gift

the free gift

958ACT1045f33n0also on the Gentiles
959ACT1046w58d0General Information:
960ACT1046mpg50Connecting Statement:

This is the end of the part of the story about Cornelius.

961ACT1046p6pa0Gentiles speak in other languages and praising God

These were known spoken languages that caused the Jews to acknowledge that the Gentiles were indeed praising God.

962ACT1047u5d5figs-rquestion0Can anyone keep water from these people so they should not be baptized, these people who have received ... we?
963ACT1048t2y9figs-explicit0he commanded them to be baptized
964ACT1048ax6xfigs-metonymy0be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ
965ACT11introhva50
966ACT111uw5m0General Information:

This is the beginning of a new event in the story.

967ACT111j7f70Connecting Statement:

Peter arrives in Jerusalem and begins talking to the Jews there.

968ACT111ab75writing-newevent0Now

This marks a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

969ACT111f1md0the brothers
970ACT111q8wl0who were in Judea

who were in the province of Judea

971ACT111w3rxfigs-metonymy0had received the word of God
972ACT112kb4m0had come up to Jerusalem

Jerusalem was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for Israelites to speak of coming up to Jerusalem and going down from it.

973ACT112yar6figs-metonymy0they who belonged to the circumcision group
974ACT113ah7vfigs-metonymy0uncircumcised men
975ACT113t9e10ate with them

It was against Jewish tradition for Jews to eat with Gentiles.

976ACT114lrh60Connecting Statement:

Peter responds to the Jews by telling them about his vision and about what had happened at Cornelius' house.

977ACT114bfp50Peter started to explain

Peter did not criticize the Jewish believers but reacted in a friendly explanatory manner.

978ACT114nuy60in detail

exactly what happened

979ACT115j37p0like a large sheet

The container holding the animals had the appearance of a large square piece of cloth. See how you translated this in Acts 10:11.

980ACT115axu60by its four corners
981ACT116lbh4figs-explicit0four-legged animals of earth
982ACT116ew640wild beasts

This probably refer to the animals people do not or can not tame or control.

983ACT116t36i0creeping animals

These are reptiles.

984ACT117i5icfigs-synecdoche0I heard a voice
985ACT118m4mu0Not so
986ACT118m5p5figs-metonymy0nothing unholy or unclean has ever entered into my mouth
987ACT118kj910unclean
988ACT119n2gnfigs-metonymy0What God has declared clean, do not call unclean

This refers to the animals in the sheet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

989ACT1110xrq60This happened three times
990ACT1111ias8figs-exclusive0General Information:
991ACT1111b2qv0Behold

This word alerts us to the new people in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this.

992ACT1111k44j0right away
993ACT1111qwn5figs-activepassive0they had been sent
994ACT1112lf6m0that I should make no distinction regarding them

that I should not be concerned that they were Gentiles

995ACT1112cf8x0These six brothers went with me

These six brothers went with me to Caesarea

996ACT1112xrc60These six brothers

These six Jewish believers

997ACT1112w6ia0into the man's house

This refers to the house of Cornelius.

998ACT1113few60Simon who is called Peter
999ACT1114hpr2figs-metonymy0all your household
1000ACT1115qy12figs-inclusive0General Information:
1001ACT1115a8jw0As I began to speak to them, the Holy Spirit came on them

This implies that Peter had not finished speaking but had intended to say more.

1002ACT1115ak2pfigs-ellipsis0the Holy Spirit came on them, just as on us in the beginning
1003ACT1115th4m0in the beginning

Peter is referring to the day of Pentecost.

1004ACT1116v116figs-activepassive0you shall be baptized in the Holy Spirit
1005ACT1117pe42figs-inclusive0General Information:
1006ACT1117e5760Connecting Statement:

Peter finishes his speech (which he began in Acts 11:4) to the Jews about his vision and about what had happened at the house of Cornelius.

1007ACT1117u3nufigs-rquestion0Then if God gave to them ... who was I, that I could oppose God?
1008ACT1117y7ag0the same gift

Peter refers to the gift of the Holy Spirit.

1009ACT1118nr7g0they said nothing in response

they did not argue with Peter

1010ACT1118z3fyfigs-abstractnouns0God has given repentance for life to the Gentiles also
1011ACT1119zck40Connecting Statement:

Luke tells about what happened to the believers who fled after the stoning of Stephen.

1012ACT1119bwb8writing-newevent0Now

This introduces the new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

1013ACT1119m3i70those who had been scattered by the persecution that arose over Stephen spread

The Jews began persecuting Jesus' followers because Stephen had said and done things that the Jews did not like. Because of this persecution, many of Jesus' followers left Jerusalem and went to many different places.

1014ACT1119w5jn0those ... spread

those went in many different directions

1015ACT1119whm6figs-activepassive0who had been scattered by the persecution
1016ACT1119vx4b0the persecution that arose over Stephen

the persecution that happened because of what Stephen had said and done

1017ACT1119c8ha0only to Jews

The believers thought God's message was for the Jewish people, and not for the Gentiles.

1018ACT1120mww9figs-explicit0spoke also to Greeks
1019ACT1121aj5gfigs-metonymy0The hand of the Lord was with them
1020ACT1121n9pqfigs-metaphor0turned to the Lord
1021ACT1122mrg90General Information:
1022ACT1122i7vsfigs-metonymy0ears of the church
1023ACT1123b7w70saw the grace of God

saw how God acted kindly toward the believers

1024ACT1123m1q90he encouraged them

he kept on encouraging them

1025ACT1123qlu40to remain with the Lord
1026ACT1123bz6wfigs-metonymy0with all their heart
1027ACT1124he5z0full of the Holy Spirit

The Holy Spirit controlled Barnabas as he obeyed the Holy Spirit.

1028ACT1124e57tfigs-metonymy0many people were added to the Lord
1029ACT1125yhl60General Information:
1030ACT1125dm920out to Tarsus

out to the city of Tarsus

1031ACT1126hu2g0When he found him

It progably took some time and effort for Barnabas to locate Saul.

1032ACT1126wf5lwriting-newevent0It came about

This begins a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

1033ACT1126w4dz0they gathered together with the church

Barnabas and Saul gathered together with the church

1034ACT1126x8gxfigs-activepassive0The disciples were called Christians
1035ACT1126r6sl0first in Antioch

for the first time in Antioch

1036ACT1127pz7ywriting-background0General Information:

Here Luke tells background information about a prophecy in Antioch. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1037ACT1127h6zw0Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story-line.

1038ACT1127d8bb0came down from Jerusalem to Antioch

Jerusalem was higher in elevation than Antioch, so it was normal for Israelites to speak of going up to Jerusalem or going down from it.

1039ACT1128wyk80Agabus by name

whose name was Agabus

1040ACT1128q3tl0indicated by the Spirit

the Holy Spirit enabled him to prophesy

1041ACT1128l3iz0a great famine would occur

a great shortage of food would happen

1042ACT1128pd2tfigs-hyperbole0over all the world
1043ACT1128jmc5figs-explicit0in the days of Claudius
1044ACT1129lhp80General Information:
1045ACT1129de920So

This word means marks an event that happened because of something else that happened first. In this case, they sent money because of Agabus' prophesy or the famine.

1046ACT1129rk9z0as each one was able

The richer people sent more; the poorer people sent less.

1047ACT1129up7a0the brothers in Judea

the believers in Judea

1048ACT1130l8i8figs-idiom0by the hand of Barnabas and Saul
1049ACT12introf66j0
1050ACT121u4w7writing-background0General Information:

This is background information about Herod's killing James. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1051ACT121ua9p0Connecting Statement:

This begins the new persecution, first of James' death and then of Peter's imprisonment and then release.

1052ACT121ti1ywriting-newevent0Now

This begins a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

1053ACT121f2gr0about that time

This refers to the time of the famine.

1054ACT121zy6yfigs-idiom0laid hands on
1055ACT121u1gvfigs-explicit0some who belonged to the church

Only James and Peter are specified, which implies that these were leaders of the church in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1056ACT121s7lc0so that he might mistreat them

in order to cause the believers to suffer

1057ACT122aw4t0He killed James ... with the sword

This tells the manner in which James was killed.

1058ACT122r1zvfigs-metonymy0He killed James
1059ACT123pms70General Information:
1060ACT123v4ag0After he saw that this pleased the Jews

When Herod realized that putting James to death pleased the Jewish leaders

1061ACT123wpm10pleased the Jews

made the Jewish leaders happy

1062ACT123cu7s0That was
1063ACT123ly660the days of unleavened bread
1064ACT124pps10four squads of soldiers
1065ACT124i23a0he was intending to bring him to the people
1066ACT125v2yzfigs-activepassive0So Peter was kept in the prison
1067ACT125f8qcfigs-activepassive0prayer was made earnestly to God for him by those in the church
1068ACT125g1890earnestly

continuously and with dedication

1069ACT126km83figs-explicit0On the night before Herod was going to bring him out for trial
1070ACT126g2bh0bound with two chains
1071ACT126aqv10were keeping watch over the prison

were guarding the prison doors

1072ACT127kk4i0General Information:
1073ACT127i7g30Behold

This word alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.

1074ACT127lu250by him
1075ACT127z2i10in the prison cell

in the prison room

1076ACT127dc5b0He struck Peter
1077ACT127dqn90his chains fell off his hands

The angel caused the chains to fall from Peter without touching them.

1078ACT128hxt90Peter did so
1079ACT129gx770General Information:
1080ACT129sh8k0He did not know

He did not understand

1081ACT129p9tyfigs-activepassive0what was done by the angel was real
1082ACT1210r7gyfigs-explicit0After they had passed by the first guard and the second
1083ACT1210c18q0had passed by

had walked by

1084ACT1210e36sfigs-ellipsis0and the second
1085ACT1210y86k0they came to the iron gate

Peter and the angel arrived at the iron gate

1086ACT1210if3c0that led into the city
1087ACT1210i3stfigs-rpronouns0it opened for them by itself
1088ACT1210j2680went down a street

walked along a street

1089ACT1210fl890left him right away
1090ACT1211wlb6figs-idiom0When Peter came to himself
1091ACT1211ue4kfigs-metonymy0delivered me out of the hand of Herod
1092ACT1211hw630delivered me

rescued me

1093ACT1211p739figs-synecdoche0everything the Jewish people were expecting
1094ACT1212tfh30realized this

He became aware that God had rescued him.

1095ACT1212ux4vfigs-activepassive0John, also called Mark
1096ACT1213x5fg0General Information:
1097ACT1213pfn70he knocked
1098ACT1213c6340at the door of the gate
1099ACT1213khq10came to answer

came to the gate to ask who was knocking

1100ACT1214y2ff0out of joy
1101ACT1214m3m70failed to open the door
1102ACT1214ky3p0came running into the room
1103ACT1214yq3r0she reported
1104ACT1214a19k0standing at the door
1105ACT1215ybz70You are insane
1106ACT1215xnm20she insisted that it was so

she insisted that what she said was true

1107ACT1215en8b0They said

They answered

1108ACT1215qa8m0It is his angel
1109ACT1216wwg10General Information:
1110ACT1216bi6l0But Peter continued knocking
1111ACT1217jx1a0Report these things

Tell these things

1112ACT1217jf160the brothers

the other believers

1113ACT1218blx50General Information:
1114ACT1218ail90Now

This word is used to mark a break in the story-line. Time has passed; it is now the next day.

1115ACT1218iqv40when it became day

in the morning

1116ACT1218zl7ifigs-litotes0there was no small disturbance among the soldiers over what had happened to Peter
1117ACT1218ilz4figs-abstractnouns0there was no small disturbance among the soldiers over what had happened to Peter
1118ACT1219twr10After Herod had searched for him and could not find him

After Herod searched for Peter and could not find him

1119ACT1219pz6v0After Herod had searched for him
1120ACT1219c69i0he questioned the guards and ordered them to be put to death

It was the normal punishment for the Roman government to kill the guards if their prisoner escaped.

1121ACT1219br160Then he went down
1122ACT1220n2lw0Connecting Statement:

Luke continues with another event in Herod's life.

1123ACT1220aip7writing-newevent0Now

This word is used here to mark the next event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])

1124ACT1220gxs4figs-hyperbole0They went to him together
1125ACT1220t6mi0They persuaded Blastus

These men persuaded Blastus

1126ACT1220qsg4translate-names0Blastus

Blastus was an assistant to or an officer of King Herod. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1127ACT1220l5r10they asked for peace

these men requested peace

1128ACT1220j253figs-explicit0their country received its food from the king's country
1129ACT1220dy51figs-explicit0received its food

It is implied that Herod restricted this supply of food because he was angry with the people of Tyre and Sidon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1130ACT1221e3w90On a set day
1131ACT1221kv7g0royal clothing

expensive clothing that would demonstrate he was the king

1132ACT1221g6ir0sat on a throne

This was where Herod formally addressed people who came to see him.

1133ACT1222ze1s0Connecting Statement:

This is the end of the part of the story about Herod.

1134ACT1223b4bc0Immediately an angel
1135ACT1223b5s90struck him
1136ACT1223iw570he did not give God the glory

Herod let those people worship him instead of telling them to worship God.

1137ACT1223d419figs-activepassive0he was eaten by worms and died
1138ACT1224j2unwriting-endofstory0

Verse 24 continues the history from verse 23. Verse 25 continues the history from 11:30. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])

1139ACT1224m1swfigs-metaphor0the word of God increased and multiplied
1140ACT1224wn8m0the word of God

the message God sent about Jesus

1141ACT1225pv6afigs-explicit0completed their mission
1142ACT1225t7d8figs-explicit0they returned from Jerusalem
1143ACT13introrlh60

Acts 13 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this with the three quotes from Psalms in 13:33-35.

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry that is quoted from the Old Testament in 13:41.

The chapter is where the second half of the Book of Acts begins. Luke writes more about Paul than about Peter, and it describes how it is the Gentiles and not the Jews to whom the believers tell the message about Jesus.

Special concepts in this chapter

A light for the Gentiles

The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases God, as if they were walking around in darkness. It speaks of light as if it were what enables those sinful people to become righteous, to understand what they are doing wrong and begin to obey God. The Jews considered all Gentiles as walking in darkness, but Paul and Barnabas spoke of telling the Gentiles about Jesus as if they were going to bring them physical light. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])

1144ACT131ce7swriting-background0General Information:
1145ACT131qa2i0Connecting Statement:

Luke begins to tell about the mission trips on which the church at Antioch send Barnabas and Saul.

1146ACT131rej80Now in the church in Antioch

At that time in the church at Antioch

1147ACT131srw6translate-names0Simeon ... Niger ... Lucius ... Manaen

These are men's names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1148ACT131u48c0foster brother of Herod the tetrarch

Manaen was probably Herod's playmate or close friend growing up.

1149ACT132ifb90Set apart for me

Appoint to serve me

1150ACT132j6ym0I have called them

The verb here means that God chose them to do this work.

1151ACT133ku45translate-symaction0laid their hands on these men
1152ACT133p1us0sent them off
1153ACT134br2m0General Information:
1154ACT134mt3h0So

This word marks an event that happened because of a previous event. In this case, the previous event is Barnabas and Saul being set apart by the Holy Spirit.

1155ACT134iyh80went down
1156ACT134d1q50Seleucia

a city by the sea

1157ACT135at850city of Salamis

The city of Salamis was on Cyprus Island.

1158ACT135ct8bfigs-synecdoche0proclaimed the word of God
1159ACT135p5t30synagogues of the Jews
1160ACT135sxw60They also had John Mark as their assistant

John Mark went with them and was helping them

1161ACT135ukx20assistant

helper

1162ACT136h9he0General Information:
1163ACT136ja1i0the whole island

They crossed from one side of the island to the other and shared the gospel message in each town they passed through.

1164ACT136cl2z0Paphos

a major city on Cyprus island where the proconsul lived

1165ACT136zf3b0they found
1166ACT136xe7h0a certain magician
1167ACT136ak38translate-names0whose name was Bar Jesus
1168ACT137bee20associated with
1169ACT137s1su0proconsul
1170ACT137h5xxwriting-background0who was an intelligent man

This is background information about Sergius Paulus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1171ACT138lp2utranslate-names0
1172ACT138qw4j0that is how his name is translated

that was what he was called in Greek

1173ACT138n23s0opposed them; he tried to turn
1174ACT138w2xtfigs-metaphor0tried to turn the proconsul away from the faith
1175ACT139gws20General Information:
1176ACT139nau10Connecting Statement:

While on the island of Paphos, Paul begins to talk to Elymas.

1177ACT139ey6dfigs-activepassive0Saul, who is also called Paul
1178ACT139xjy90stared at him intensely

looked at him intensely

1179ACT1310d2pkfigs-metonymy0You son of the devil
1180ACT1310r8x20you are full of all kinds of deceit and wickedness

you are always intent in causing others to believe what is not true using falsehood and always doing what is wrong

1181ACT1310pyu70wickedness

In this context it means to be lazy and not diligent in following God's law.

1182ACT1310hlq90You are an enemy of every kind of righteousness

Paul is grouping Elymas with the devil. Just as the devil is an enemy of God and is against righteousness, so also was Elymas.

1183ACT1310bc9pfigs-rquestion0You will never stop twisting the straight paths of the Lord, will you?
1184ACT1310p8safigs-idiom0the straight paths of the Lord
1185ACT1311k51g0General Information:
1186ACT1311pey70Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes speaking to Elymas.

1187ACT1311xul9figs-metonymy0the hand of the Lord is upon you
1188ACT1311rse8figs-activepassive0you will become blind
1189ACT1311w3gh0You will not see the sun
1190ACT1311b5b80for a while
1191ACT1311t7j10there fell on Elymas a mist and darkness
1192ACT1311a7es0he started going around
1193ACT1312x9fl0proconsul
1194ACT1312pyh70he believed

he believed in Jesus

1195ACT1312twa8figs-activepassive0he was astonished at the teaching about the Lord
1196ACT1313i65twriting-background0General Information:
1197ACT1313rk3k0Connecting Statement:

This is a new part of the story about Paul in Antioch in Pisidia.

1198ACT1313r9hi0Now

This marks the beginning of a new part of the story.

1199ACT1313k4s90set sail from Paphos

traveled by sailboat from Paphos

1200ACT1313h1cb0came to Perga in Pamphylia

arrived in Perga which is in Pamphylia

1201ACT1313g6l50But John left them

But John Mark left Paul and Barnabas

1202ACT1314vrp10Antioch of Pisidia

the city of Antioch in the district of Pisidia

1203ACT1315dnb4figs-synecdoche0After the reading of the law and the prophets
1204ACT1315z7bh0sent them a message, saying
1205ACT1315td4h0Brothers
1206ACT1315jru80if you have any message of encouragement

if you want to say anything to encourage us

1207ACT1315kj1h0say it
1208ACT1316tbc4figs-inclusive0General Information:
1209ACT1316p93q0Connecting Statement:

Paul begins his speech to those in the synagogue in Pisidian Antioch. He begins by talking about things that happened in Israel's history.

1210ACT1316i8pztranslate-symaction0motioned with his hand
1211ACT1316rh930you who honor God
1212ACT1316ah550God, listen
1213ACT1317se2b0The God of this people Israel

The God the people of Israel worship

1214ACT1317l9cn0our fathers

our ancestors

1215ACT1317aaj50made the people numerous

caused them to become very numerous

1216ACT1317vw4zfigs-metonymy0with an uplifted arm
1217ACT1317b74t0out of it

out from the land of Egypt

1218ACT1318zv9e0he put up with them
1219ACT1319nvp7figs-inclusive0General Information:
1220ACT1319h5qg0nations
1221ACT1320m4jd0took place over four hundred and fifty years

took more than 450 years to accomplish

1222ACT1320qmc80until Samuel the prophet

until the time of the prophet Samuel

1223ACT1321akg60General Information:

The quotation here is from the history of Samuel and from a Psalm of Ethan in the Old Testament.

1224ACT1321yxi80for forty years

to be their king for forty years

1225ACT1322z4x30removed him from the kingship
1226ACT1322bsp60he raised up David to be their king

God chose David to be their king

1227ACT1322iyd60their king
1228ACT1322sw2r0It was about David that God said

God said this about David

1229ACT1322dbu50I have found

I have observed that

1230ACT1322mp53figs-idiom0to be a man after my heart
1231ACT1323lby60General Information:

The quotation here is from the Gospels.

1232ACT1323xj5a0From this man's descendants
1233ACT1323kc76figs-metonymy0brought to Israel
1234ACT1323mk5g0as he promised to do

just as God promised he would do

1235ACT1324x892figs-abstractnouns0the baptism of repentance
1236ACT1325vww3figs-rquestion0Who do you think I am?
1237ACT1325rp32figs-explicit0I am not the one
1238ACT1325nnl50But listen

This emphasizes the importance of what he will say next.

1239ACT1325r1plfigs-explicit0one is coming after me
1240ACT1325gys20the shoes of whose feet I am not worthy to untie
1241ACT1326jdp6figs-inclusive0General Information:
1242ACT1326kci90Brothers, children of the line of Abraham ... who worship God

Paul addresses his audience of Jews and Gentile converts to Judaism to remind them of their special status as worshiping the true God.

1243ACT1326u6znfigs-activepassive0the message about this salvation has been sent
1244ACT1326v6r3figs-abstractnouns0about this salvation
1245ACT1327psk50did not recognize him

did not realize that this man Jesus was the one whom God had sent to save them

1246ACT1327ri1ffigs-metonymy0sayings of the prophets
1247ACT1327m4tzfigs-activepassive0that are read
1248ACT1327rle60they fulfilled sayings of the prophets

they actually did just what the prophets said they would do in the books of the prophets

1249ACT1328v3hw0General Information:
1250ACT1328y9j60they found no reason for death

they did not find any reason why anyone should kill Jesus

1251ACT1328d4xm0they asked Pilate
1252ACT1329sq1j0When they had completed all the things that were written about him

When thy did to Jesus all the things that the prophets said would happen to him

1253ACT1329m5f1figs-explicit0they took him down from the tree
1254ACT1329vwt4figs-explicit0from the tree
1255ACT1330h5jw0But God raised him
1256ACT1330mqx80raised him from the dead
1257ACT1330zsx4figs-idiom0raised him
1258ACT1330d14p0from the dead

From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To raise someone from among them speaks of making that person alive again.

1259ACT1331ig7wfigs-activepassive0He was seen ... Galilee to Jerusalem
1260ACT1331g4vl0many days
1261ACT1331vqj40are now his witnesses to the people
1262ACT1332ipb90General Information:

The second quotation here is from the prophet Isaiah.

1263ACT1332y2730So

This word marks an event that happened because of previous event. In this case, the previous event is God's raising Jesus from the dead.

1264ACT1332hr2g0our fathers
1265ACT1333b1uhtranslate:translate_versebridge0he has fulfilled for us, their children, by
1266ACT1333dy6w0for us, their children
1267ACT1333d95nfigs-idiom0by raising up Jesus
1268ACT1333y3tz0As it is written in the second Psalm

This is what was written in the second Psalm

1269ACT1333h9ir0the second Psalm

Psalm 2

1270ACT1333tla1guidelines-sonofgodprinciples0Son ... Father

These are important titles that describe the relationship between Jesus and God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

1271ACT1334iy5q0The fact that he raised him up from the dead so that his body would never decay, God has spoken in this way

God spoke these words about his making Jesus alive again so that he would never die again

1272ACT1334h3nj0from the dead

From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To come back from among them speaks of becoming alive again.

1273ACT1334q3kq0sure blessings

certain blessings

1274ACT1335r1evfigs-explicit0This is why he also says in another Psalm
1275ACT1335gl8s0he also says
1276ACT1335hvt8figs-metonymy0You will not allow your Holy One to see decay
1277ACT1335ry970You will not allow

David is speaking to God here.

1278ACT1336u8vh0in his own generation

during his lifetime

1279ACT1336m5wx0served the desires of God
1280ACT1336rpb4figs-euphemism0he fell asleep
1281ACT1336nwy90was laid with his fathers

was buried with his ancestors who had died

1282ACT1336la5sfigs-metonymy0experienced decay
1283ACT1337bmw30But he whom

but Jesus whom

1284ACT1337n9plfigs-idiom0God raised up
1285ACT1337j52xfigs-metonymy0experienced no decay
1286ACT1338ki8q0General Information:
1287ACT1338yg350let it be known to you
1288ACT1338qy180brothers
1289ACT1338t3i5figs-activepassive0that through this man is proclaimed to you forgiveness of sins
1290ACT1338w7y1figs-abstractnouns0forgiveness of sins
1291ACT1339j6rr0By him every one who believes
1292ACT1339g5h9figs-activepassive0By him every one who believes is justified
1293ACT1339gt8n0all the things

all the sins

1294ACT1340kk1j0General Information:
1295ACT1340zx6p0Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes his speech in the synagogue in Pisidian Antioch, which he began in Acts 13:16.

1296ACT1340y2kgfigs-explicit0be careful
1297ACT1340tt1x0that the thing the prophets spoke about

so that what the prophets spoke about

1298ACT1341tqk50Look, you despisers
1299ACT1341ky3s0be astonished
1300ACT1341ilh20then perish

then die

1301ACT1341dvn10am doing a work
1302ACT1341nm2q0in your days

during your lifetime

1303ACT1341w6tq0A work that

I am doing something which

1304ACT1341p4c20even if someone announces it to you

even if someone tells you about it

1305ACT1342ax8v0As Paul and Barnabas left

When Paul and Barnabas were leaving

1306ACT1342f3sw0begged them that they might

begged them to

1307ACT1342y4p9figs-metonymy0these same words
1308ACT1343a58z0When the synagogue meeting ended
1309ACT1343sws70proselytes

These were non-Jewish people who converted to Judaism.

1310ACT1343q2aj0who spoke to them and urged them

and Paul and Barnabas spoke to those people and urged them

1311ACT1343fv15figs-explicit0to continue in the grace of God
1312ACT1344m1290General Information:
1313ACT1344vq3yfigs-metonymy0almost the whole city
1314ACT1344yga7figs-explicit0to hear the word of the Lord
1315ACT1345j4zqfigs-synecdoche0the Jews
1316ACT1345qrh2figs-metaphor0filled with jealousy
1317ACT1345nc5l0spoke against
1318ACT1345m1anfigs-activepassive0the things that were said by Paul
1319ACT1346zvt5figs-exclusive0General Information:
1320ACT1346as6qfigs-explicit0It was necessary
1321ACT1346jn55figs-activepassive0that the word of God should first be spoken to you
1322ACT1346lly5figs-metaphor0Seeing you push it away from yourselves
1323ACT1346ms360consider yourselves unworthy of eternal life
1324ACT1346rf9kfigs-explicit0we will turn to the Gentiles
1325ACT1347v8aufigs-metaphor0as a light

Here the truth about Jesus that Paul was preaching is spoken of as if it were a light that allowed people to see. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1326ACT1347t5spfigs-abstractnouns0bring salvation to the uttermost parts of the earth
1327ACT1348e9agfigs-metonymy0praised the word of the Lord
1328ACT1348jct2figs-activepassive0As many as were appointed to eternal life
1329ACT1349qh9zfigs-metonymy0The word of the Lord was spread out through the whole region
1330ACT1350eqi50General Information:
1331ACT1350t4bv0Connecting Statement:

This ends Paul and Barnabas' time in Antioch of Pisidia and they go to Iconium.

1332ACT1350u8rmfigs-synecdoche0the Jews
1333ACT1350cf210urged on
1334ACT1350wmm50the leading men

the most important men

1335ACT1350n7qe0These stirred up a persecution against Paul and Barnabas

They convinced the important men and women to persecute Paul and Barnabas

1336ACT1350cq9h0threw them out beyond the border of their city

removed Paul and Barnabas from their city

1337ACT1351xi1zwriting-symlanguage0shook off the dust from their feet against them

This was a symbolic act to indicate to the unbelieving people that God had rejected them and would punish them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])

1338ACT1352dp5k0the disciples

This probably refers to the new believers in the Antioch of Pisidia that Paul and Silas just left.

1339ACT14introrsg20
1340ACT141vh8u0General Information:

The story of Paul and Barnabas in Iconium continues.

1341ACT141hk1z0It came about in Iconium that
1342ACT141f4sqfigs-explicit0spoke in such a way
1343ACT142wc4x0the Jews who were disobedient

This refers to a portion of the Jews who did not believe the message about Jesus.

1344ACT142n2ppfigs-metaphor0stirred up the minds of the Gentiles

Causing the Gentiles to become angry is spoken of as if calm waters were disturbed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1345ACT142k8mvfigs-synecdoche0the minds
1346ACT142fu130the brothers
1347ACT143lp4v0General Information:
1348ACT143a3gp0So they stayed there
1349ACT143f2xh0gave evidence about the message of his grace

demonstrated that the message about his grace was true

1350ACT143wcn50about the message of his grace

about the message of the Lord's grace

1351ACT143c2cvfigs-activepassive0by granting signs and wonders to be done by the hands of Paul and Barnabas
1352ACT143p9iqfigs-synecdoche0by the hands of Paul and Barnabas
1353ACT144btu3figs-metonymy0the majority of the city was divided
1354ACT144smz50sided with the Jews
1355ACT144q1xcfigs-ellipsis0with the apostles
1356ACT144mw9h0the apostles
1357ACT145s5h70General Information:
1358ACT145yiv90attempted to persuade their leaders
1359ACT145q6g20to mistreat and stone Paul and Barnabas

to beat Paul and Barnabas and to kill them by throwing stones at them

1360ACT146tpl1translate-names0Lycaonia

A district in Asia Minor (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1361ACT146m5gvtranslate-names0Lystra

A city in Asia Minor south of Iconium and north of Derbe (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1362ACT146tl4qtranslate-names0Derbe

A city in Asia Minor south of Iconium and Lystra (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1363ACT147z5nd0where they continued to proclaim the gospel

where Paul and Barnabas continued to proclaim the good news

1364ACT148ep460General Information:
1365ACT148l5pu0Connecting Statement:

Paul and Barnabas are now in Lystra.

1366ACT148wb5kwriting-participants0a certain man sat

This introduces a new person in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

1367ACT148kz7d0powerless in his feet
1368ACT148tca10a cripple from his mother's womb

having been born as a cripple

1369ACT148hw4l0cripple

person who cannot walk

1370ACT149di490Paul fixed his eyes on him

Paul looked straight at him

1371ACT149xak4figs-abstractnouns0had faith to be made well
1372ACT1410v1kz0jumped up
1373ACT1411axe60what Paul had done

This refers to Paul's healing the crippled man.

1374ACT1411lvs90they raised their voice
1375ACT1411d1gzfigs-explicit0The gods have come down to us
1376ACT1411x3bi0in the dialect of Lycaonia
1377ACT1411rm850in the form of men

These people believed that the gods needed to change their appearance in order to look like men.

1378ACT1412t7uutranslate-names0Zeus

Zeus was the king over all the other pagan gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1379ACT1412hh25translate-names0Hermes

Hermes was the pagan god who brought messages to people from Zeus and the other gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1380ACT1413iz6rfigs-explicit0The priest of Zeus, whose temple was just outside the city, brought
1381ACT1413v2a90oxen and wreaths

The oxen were to be sacrificed. The wreaths were either to crown Paul and Barnabas, or put on the oxen for sacrifice.

1382ACT1413iha10to the gates

The gates of the cities were often used as a meeting place for the people of the city.

1383ACT1413ud370wanted to offer sacrifice

wanted to offer sacrifice to Paul and Barnabas as the gods Zeus and Hermes

1384ACT1414kt1f0the apostles, Barnabas and Paul
1385ACT1414kx430they tore their clothing

This was a symbolic action to show that they were deeply distressed and upset that the crowd wanted to sacrifice to them.

1386ACT1415w4fdfigs-rquestion0Men, why are you doing these things?
1387ACT1415f8vc0doing these things

worshiping us

1388ACT1415u9pq0We also are human beings with the same feelings as you
1389ACT1415n9e40with the same feelings as you

like you in every way

1390ACT1415n98gfigs-metaphor0turn from these useless things to a living God
1391ACT1415qr5b0a living God
1392ACT1416s2rn0In the past ages
1393ACT1416vpt5figs-metaphor0to walk in their own ways
1394ACT1417fw2s0Connecting Statement:

Paul and Barnabas continue speaking to the crowd outside the city of Lystra (Acts 14:8).

1395ACT1417kig8figs-litotes0he did not leave himself without witness
1396ACT1417s3qn0in that

as shown by the fact that

1397ACT1417ps9zfigs-metonymy0filling your hearts with food and gladness
1398ACT1418ut730Paul and Barnabas barely kept the multitudes from sacrificing to them

Paul and Barnabas stopped the multitude from sacrificing to them, but it was difficult to do so.

1399ACT1418la430barely kept

had difficulty preventing

1400ACT1419bz7k0General Information:
1401ACT1419wmc2figs-explicit0persuaded the crowds
1402ACT1419xbv30the crowds
1403ACT1419t8mg0thinking that he was dead

because they thought that he was already dead

1404ACT1420pan30the disciples

These were new believers in the city of Lystra.

1405ACT1420aqx30entered the city

Paul re-entered Lystra with the believers

1406ACT1420e2y90he went to Derbe with Barnabas

Paul and Barnabas went to the city of Derbe

1407ACT1421wv7efigs-inclusive0General Information:
1408ACT1421ykt40that city
1409ACT1422ek9lfigs-synecdoche0They kept strengthening the souls of the disciples
1410ACT1422zkd20encouraging them to continue in the faith

encouraging the believers to keep trusting in Jesus

1411ACT1422d9icwriting-quotations0
1412ACT1422wu1cfigs-inclusive0We must enter
1413ACT1423pk5l0General Information:
1414ACT1423mqp90When they had appointed for them elders in every church

When Paul and Barnabas had appointed leaders in each new group of believers

1415ACT1423nd870they entrusted them
1416ACT1423ls620in whom they had believed
1417ACT1425t513figs-metonymy0When they had spoken the word in Perga
1418ACT1425h8sh0went down to Attalia
1419ACT1426f2cg0where they had been committed to the grace of God
1420ACT1427vcd30General Information:
1421ACT1427i9dv0gathered the church together

called the local believers to meet together

1422ACT1427b4idfigs-metaphor0he had opened a door of faith for the Gentiles
1423ACT15introh9170
1424ACT151qck60Connecting Statement:

Paul and Barnabas are still in Antioch when there is a dispute about the Gentiles and circumcision.

1425ACT151su66figs-explicit0Some men
1426ACT151p3k90came down from Judea
1427ACT151zi1nfigs-explicit0taught the brothers
1428ACT151pm8hfigs-activepassive0Unless you are circumcised according to the custom of Moses, you cannot be saved
1429ACT152f9ndfigs-abstractnouns0a sharp dispute and debate with them
1430ACT152ek6a0go up to Jerusalem

Jerusalem was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for Israelites to speak of going up to Jerusalem.

1431ACT152z9830this question

this issue

1432ACT153h2mw0General Information:
1433ACT153av5yfigs-activepassive0They therefore, being sent by the church
1434ACT153aia5figs-metonymy0being sent by the church
1435ACT153i5kd0passed through ... announced
1436ACT153rk37figs-abstractnouns0announced the conversion of the Gentiles
1437ACT153nje7figs-metaphor0They brought great joy to all the brothers
1438ACT153bbd40the brothers
1439ACT154ej1rfigs-activepassive0they were welcomed by the church and the apostles and the elders
1440ACT154a2x10with them

through them

1441ACT155efe50General Information:
1442ACT155f2b50Connecting Statement:

Paul and Barnabas are now in Jerusalem to meet with the apostles and elders there.

1443ACT155k6k70But certain men

Here Luke contrasts those who believe that salvation is only in Jesus to others who believe salvation is by Jesus yet also believe that circumcision is required for salvation.

1444ACT155b9nt0to keep the law of Moses

to obey the law of Moses

1445ACT156ugu60to consider this matter

The church leaders decided to discuss whether or not Gentiles needed to be circumcised and obey the law of Moses in order for God to save them from their sins.

1446ACT157wct8figs-you0General Information:
1447ACT157hxu90Connecting Statement:

Peter begins to speak to the apostles and elders who met to discuss whether Gentiles had to receive circumcision and keep the law (Acts 15:5-6).

1448ACT157a6q90Brothers

Peter is addressing all of the believers who were present.

1449ACT157s3wbfigs-synecdoche0by my mouth
1450ACT157yer10the Gentiles should hear

the Gentiles would hear

1451ACT157b5s8figs-metonymy0the word of the gospel
1452ACT158m1xcfigs-metonymy0who knows the heart
1453ACT158p6d20witnesses to them

witnesses to the Gentiles

1454ACT158i1gc0giving them the Holy Spirit

causing the Holy Spirit to come upon them

1455ACT159zs2g0made no distinction

God did not treat Jewish believers different from Gentile believers.

1456ACT159ase1figs-metaphor0making their hearts clean by faith
1457ACT1510ha45figs-inclusive0General Information:
1458ACT1510wjq70Connecting Statement:

Peter finishes speaking to the apostles and elders.

1459ACT1510rfr40Now
1460ACT1510zaz6figs-rquestion0why do you test God, that you should put a yoke upon the neck of the disciples which neither our fathers nor we were able to bear?
1461ACT1510bfd50our fathers

This refers to their Jewish ancestors.

1462ACT1511q28cfigs-activepassive0But we believe that we shall be saved through the grace of the Lord Jesus, just as they were
1463ACT1512um1p0General Information:
1464ACT1512d1uc0All the multitude
1465ACT1512uks60God had worked
1466ACT1513vb250General Information:
1467ACT1513l7mp0Connecting Statement:

James begins to speak to the apostles and elders (Acts 15:6).

1468ACT1513pl6m0Brothers, listen
1469ACT1514s9dn0in order to take from them a people

so that he might choose from among them a people

1470ACT1514pnr9figs-metonymy0for his name
1471ACT1515h9um0General Information:
1472ACT1515ibb20Connecting Statement:

James quotes the prophet Amos from the Old Testament.

1473ACT1515am6yfigs-metonymy0The words of the prophets agree
1474ACT1515nbi10agree with this

confirm this truth

1475ACT1515j4f5figs-activepassive0as it is written
1476ACT1516f5wffigs-metaphor0I will build again the tent of David, which has fallen down ... its ruins again

This speaks of God's again choosing one of David's descendants to rule over his people as though he were setting up a tent again after it fell down. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1477ACT1516ist8figs-metonymy0tent
1478ACT1517sm79figs-metaphor0the remnant of men may seek the Lord

This speaks about people wanting to obey God and learn more about him as if they were literally looking for him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1479ACT1517hkw1figs-gendernotations0remnant of men
1480ACT1517pe4lfigs-123person0may seek the Lord
1481ACT1517tu21figs-activepassive0including all the Gentiles called by my name
1482ACT1517c8gmfigs-metonymy0my name
1483ACT1518tr27figs-activepassive0that have been known
1484ACT1519g3zxfigs-inclusive0General Information:
1485ACT1519f6za0Connecting Statement:

James finishes speaking to the apostles and elders. (See: Acts 15:2 and Acts 15:13)

1486ACT1519pyb9figs-explicit0we should not trouble those of the Gentiles
1487ACT1519vr6ufigs-metaphor0who turn to God

A person who starts obeying God is spoken of as if the person is physically turning towards God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1488ACT1520wx8f0they must keep away from the pollution of idols ... sexual immorality ... strangled ... blood

Sexual immorality, strangling animals, and consuming blood were often part of ceremonies to worship idols and false gods.

1489ACT1520n6f2figs-explicit0pollution of idols

This possibly refers to eating the meat of an animal that someone has sacrificed to an idol or to anything to do with idol worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1490ACT1520j2rlfigs-explicit0from the meat of strangled animals, and from blood

God did not allow Jews to eat meat that still had the blood in it. Also, even earlier in Moses' writings in Genesis, God had forbidden the drinking of blood. Therefore, they could not eat an animal that someone strangled because the blood was not properly drained from the body of the animal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1491ACT1521si1hfigs-explicit0Moses has been proclaimed in every city ... and he is read in the synagogues every Sabbath

James is implying that Gentiles know how important these rules are because Jews preach them in every city where there is a synagogue. It also implies the Gentiles can go to the teachers from the synagogues to learn more about these rules. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1492ACT1521zd7tfigs-metonymy0Moses has been proclaimed
1493ACT1521xg5nfigs-hyperbole0in every city
1494ACT1521pbm5figs-metonymy0and he is read
1495ACT1522rhn30General Information:
1496ACT1522hp6jfigs-explicit0the whole church
1497ACT1522c711translate-names0Judas called Barsabbas
1498ACT1523e4g20From the apostles and elders, your brothers, to the Gentile brothers in Antioch, Syria, and Cilicia: Greetings!
1499ACT1523kp510your brothers ... the Gentile brothers
1500ACT1523php8translate-names0Cilicia

This is the name of a province on the coast in Asia Minor north of the Island of Cyprus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1501ACT1524g8m9figs-exclusive0General Information:
1502ACT1524p1tl0that certain men

that some men

1503ACT1524kh160with no orders from us

even though we gave no orders for them to go

1504ACT1524bxq8figs-synecdoche0disturbed you with teachings that upset your souls
1505ACT1525c3dl0to choose men

The men they sent were Judas called Barsabbas and Silas (Acts 15:22).

1506ACT1526t7vwfigs-metonymy0for the name of our Lord Jesus Christ
1507ACT1527j1jbfigs-exclusive0General Information:
1508ACT1527v2ee0Connecting Statement:

This concludes the letter from the Jerusalem church to the Gentile believers in Antioch.

1509ACT1527xw8lfigs-explicit0who will tell you the same thing themselves in their own words
1510ACT1528l9z6figs-metaphor0to lay upon you no greater burden than these necessary things

This speaks about laws that people need to obey as if they were objects that people carry on their shoulders. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1511ACT1529nt7s0from things sacrificed to idols

This means they are not allowed to eat the meat of an animal that someone sacrifices to an idol.

1512ACT1529vcc6figs-explicit0blood

This refers to drinking blood or eating meat from which the blood has not been drained. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1513ACT1529rt550things strangled

A strangled animal was killed but its blood was not drained.

1514ACT1529buy90Farewell
1515ACT1530khi80Connecting Statement:

Paul, Barnabas, Judas, and Silas leave for Antioch.

1516ACT1530c3uk0So they, when they were dismissed, came down to Antioch
1517ACT1530usz6figs-activepassive0when they were dismissed
1518ACT1530t55a0came down to Antioch
1519ACT1531k1mr0they rejoiced

the believers in Antioch rejoiced

1520ACT1531e4gffigs-abstractnouns0because of the encouragement
1521ACT1532r65l0also prophets
1522ACT1532e2en0the brothers

the fellow believers

1523ACT1532j99gfigs-metaphor0strengthened them

Helping someone to depend even more on Jesus is spoken of as if they were making them physically stronger. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1524ACT1533y2ls0Connecting Statement:

Judas and Silas return to Jerusalem while Paul and Barnabas remain in Antioch.

1525ACT1533v7pjfigs-metaphor0After they had spent some time there
1526ACT1533v6imfigs-activepassive0they were sent away in peace from the brothers
1527ACT1533wzw40the brothers

This refers to the believers in Antioch.

1528ACT1533xv3h0to those who had sent them
1529ACT1535e7s4figs-metonymy0the word of the Lord
1530ACT1536k6c60Connecting Statement:

Paul and Barnabas go on separate journeys.

1531ACT1536i1n50Let us return now

I suggest we now return

1532ACT1536ib2j0visit the brothers
1533ACT1536ua1ffigs-metonymy0the word of the Lord
1534ACT1536y9i90see how they are
1535ACT1537s6350to also take with them John who was called Mark

to take John, who was also called Mark

1536ACT1538a5nnfigs-litotes0Paul thought it was not good to take Mark
1537ACT1538ht3k0Pamphylia

This was a province in Asia Minor. See how you translated this in Acts 2:10.

1538ACT1538ln7w0did not go further with them in the work
1539ACT1539bb8w0General Information:
1540ACT1539u97afigs-abstractnouns0Then there arose a sharp disagreement
1541ACT1540l2uqfigs-activepassive0after he was entrusted by the brothers to the grace of the Lord
1542ACT1541e3ymfigs-explicit0he went
1543ACT1541t81z0went through Syria and Cilicia

These are provinces or areas in Asia Minor, near the island of Cyprus.

1544ACT1541tbv3figs-metaphor0strengthening the churches
1545ACT16introe7z20

Acts 16 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Timothy's circumcision

Paul circumcised Timothy because they were telling the message of Jesus to Jews and Gentiles. Paul wanted the Jews to know that he respected the law of Moses even though the church leaders in Jerusalem had decided that Christians did not need to be circumcised..

The woman who had a spirit of divination

Most people want very much to know the future, but the law of Moses said that speaking with the spirits of dead people to learn about the future is a sin. This woman seems to have been able to tell the future very well. She was a slave, and her masters made much money from her work. Paul wanted her to stop sinning, so he told the spirit to leave her. Luke does not say that she began to follow Jesus or tell us anything more about her.

1546ACT161l2b10General Information:
1547ACT161f49mwriting-background0

This continues the missionary journeys of Paul with Silas. Timothy is introduced into the story and joins Paul and Silas. Verses 1 and 2 give background information about Timothy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1548ACT161km5qfigs-go0Paul also came
1549ACT161d4ka0Derbe

This is the name of a city in Asia Minor. See how you translated it in Acts 14:6.

1550ACT161u3vr0behold
1551ACT161wxl8figs-ellipsis0who believed
1552ACT162t1lufigs-activepassive0He was well spoken of by the brothers
1553ACT162rez20by the brothers
1554ACT163p6z80circumcised him

It is possible that Paul himself circumcised Timothy, but it is more likely that he had someone else circumcise Timothy.

1555ACT163za930because of the Jews that were in those places

because of the Jews living in the areas where Paul and Timothy would be traveling

1556ACT163hk2lfigs-explicit0for they all knew that his father was a Greek

Since Greek men did not have their sons circumcised, the Jews would have known Timothy was not circumcised, and they would have rejected Paul and Timothy before hearing their message about Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1557ACT164n46i0General Information:
1558ACT164bu6r0for them to obey
1559ACT164gpi3figs-activepassive0that had been written by the apostles and elders in Jerusalem
1560ACT164mqe4figs-metonymy0the churches

Here this stands for the believers in the churches. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1561ACT165q8v9figs-activepassive0the churches were strengthened in the faith and increased in number daily
1562ACT165lv4ffigs-metaphor0the churches were strengthened in the faith

This speaks of helping someone to believe more confidently as if it were making them physically stronger. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1563ACT166g97e0Phrygia

This is a region in Asia. See how you translated this name in Acts 2:10.

1564ACT166ue3kfigs-activepassive0they had been forbidden by the Holy Spirit
1565ACT166h4u4figs-metonymy0the word
1566ACT167x1b1figs-go0When they came
1567ACT167b1xqtranslate-names0Mysia ... Bithynia

These are two more regions in Asia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1568ACT167b5390the Spirit of Jesus

the Holy Spirit

1569ACT168s6l10they came down to the city of Troas
1570ACT168xq6nfigs-go0they came down
1571ACT169t6v20A vision appeared to Paul
1572ACT169hq8e0calling him
1573ACT169cm2u0Come over into Macedonia
1574ACT1610fg5h0we set out to go to Macedonia ... God had called us
1575ACT1611m2p50Connecting Statement:

Paul and his companions are now in Philippi on their missionary trip. Verse 13 begins the story of Lydia. This short story happens during Paul's travels.

1576ACT1611q2prtranslate-names0Samothrace ... Neapolis

These are coastal cities near Phillipi in Macedonia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1577ACT1611yy6zfigs-go0we came to Neapolis
1578ACT1612tl9ffigs-explicit0a Roman colony

This is a city outside of Italy where many people who came from Rome lived. The people there had the same rights and freedoms as people who lived in cities in Italy. They could govern themselves and they did not have to pay taxes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1579ACT1614x8bp0Connecting Statement:

This ends the story of Lydia.

1580ACT1614n952writing-participants0A certain woman named Lydia
1581ACT1614qj86figs-ellipsis0a seller of purple
1582ACT1614c6n8translate-names0Thyatira

This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1583ACT1614cyk30worshiped God

A worshiper of God is a Gentile who gives praise to God and follows him, but does not obey all of the Jewish laws.

1584ACT1614rd4rfigs-metaphor0The Lord opened her heart to pay attention
1585ACT1614s9jufigs-metonymy0opened her heart
1586ACT1614a74yfigs-activepassive0what was said by Paul
1587ACT1615g7e9figs-activepassive0When she and her house were baptized
1588ACT1615s799figs-metonymy0her house
1589ACT1616vyn4writing-background0General Information:

Background information is given here to explain that this young fortune teller brought much financial gain to her masters by guessing people's futures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1590ACT1616anc10Connecting Statement:

This begins the first event in another short story during Paul's travels; it is about a young fortune teller.

1591ACT1616ufy40It came about that

This phrase marks the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

1592ACT1616y1gcwriting-participants0a certain young woman
1593ACT1616ymt90a spirit of divination

An evil spirit spoke to her often about the immediate future of people.

1594ACT1617tni9figs-metaphor0the way of salvation
1595ACT1618lj79figs-activepassive0But Paul, being greatly annoyed by her, turned
1596ACT1618qi1kfigs-metonymy0in the name of Jesus Christ
1597ACT1618u4z80it came out right away

the spirit came out immediately

1598ACT1619m1y70her masters

the owners of the slave girl

1599ACT1619r1a1figs-explicit0When her masters saw that their opportunity to make money was now gone
1600ACT1619bws70into the marketplace
1601ACT1619hf820before the authorities
1602ACT1620d2rg0When they had brought them to the magistrates

When they had brought them to the judges

1603ACT1620wa940magistrates

rulers, judges

1604ACT1620dkz2figs-inclusive0These men are stirring up our city
1605ACT1621gna60to accept or practice
1606ACT1622r1gr0General Information:
1607ACT1622at6ifigs-activepassive0commanded them to be beaten with rods
1608ACT1623dsr30had laid many blows upon them

had hit them many times with rods

1609ACT1623y4mc0commanded the jailer to keep them securely

told the jailer to make sure they did not get out

1610ACT1623zkp70jailer

a person responsible for all the people held in the jail or prison

1611ACT1624a79x0he got this command

he heard this command

1612ACT1624rl8c0fastened their feet in the stocks

securely locked their feet in the stocks

1613ACT1624jug60stocks

a piece of wood with holes for preventing a person's feet from moving

1614ACT1625rwu30General Information:
1615ACT1625hme20Connecting Statement:

This continues Paul and Silas' time in Philippi in prison and tells what happens to their jailer.

1616ACT1626q7z1figs-activepassive0earthquake, so that the foundations of the prison were shaken
1617ACT1626m4yefigs-synecdoche0the foundations of the prison

When the foundations shook, this caused the entire prison to shake. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

1618ACT1626s6mufigs-activepassive0all the doors were opened
1619ACT1626p393figs-activepassive0everyone's chains were unfastened
1620ACT1627ljy6figs-exclusive0General Information:
1621ACT1627hr9qfigs-activepassive0The jailer was awakened from sleep
1622ACT1627cwt50was about to kill himself
1623ACT1629pe66figs-explicit0called for lights
1624ACT1629h5aifigs-metonymy0for lights
1625ACT1629r6is0rushed in

quickly entered the jail

1626ACT1629bb6ttranslate-symaction0fell down before Paul and Silas

The jailer humbled himself by bowing down at the feet of Paul and Silas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

1627ACT1630a3h60brought them out

led them outside the jail

1628ACT1630u132figs-activepassive0what must I do to be saved
1629ACT1631br4kfigs-activepassive0you will be saved
1630ACT1631w8edfigs-metonymy0your house
1631ACT1632kb350General Information:
1632ACT1632pq5wfigs-metonymy0They spoke the word of the Lord to him
1633ACT1633r3lafigs-activepassive0he and those in his entire house were baptized immediately
1634ACT1635x3x80General Information:

This is the last event in the story of Paul and Silas in Philippi (Acts 16:12).

1635ACT1635lb4z0Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Luke tells the last event in the story that started in Acts 16:16.

1636ACT1635qum8figs-metonymy0sent word to the guards
1637ACT1635j5m60sent word
1638ACT1635vev90Let those men go
1639ACT1636k3i60come out

come outside of the jail

1640ACT1637v4ykfigs-exclusive0General Information:
1641ACT1637b4jmfigs-explicit0said to them
1642ACT1637b7ccfigs-metonymy0They have publicly beaten us
1643ACT1637wc370without a trial, even though we are Romans citizens—and they threw us into prison

men who are Roman citizens, and they had their soldiers put us in jail though they had not proven in court that we were guilty

1644ACT1637qq1ufigs-rquestion0Do they now want to send us away secretly? No!
1645ACT1637jr2jfigs-rpronouns0Let them come themselves
1646ACT1638ym2ufigs-explicit0when they heard that Paul and Silas were Romans, they were afraid

To be a Roman meant to be a legal citizens of the Empire. Citizenship provided freedom from torture and the right to a fair trial. The city leaders were afraid that more important Roman authorities might learn how the city leaders had mistreated Paul and Silas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1647ACT1640q59h0General Information:
1648ACT1640y14iwriting-endofstory0

This is the end of Paul and Silas' time in Philippi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])

1649ACT1640t1pffigs-go0came to the house
1650ACT1640ylk90the house of Lydia

the home of Lydia

1651ACT1640ntc9figs-gendernotations0saw the brothers
1652ACT17introgj4c0
1653ACT171q9x40General Information:
1654ACT171r3qb0Connecting Statement:
1655ACT171e4w50Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Luke, the author, starts to tell a new part of the story.

1656ACT171b7np0passed through

traveled through

1657ACT171kll1translate-names0cities of Amphipolis and Apollonia

These are coastal cities in Macedonia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1658ACT171yj66figs-go0they came to the city
1659ACT172vbf20as his custom was
1660ACT172bt5e0for three Sabbath days

on each Sabbath day for three weeks

1661ACT172wp3kfigs-explicit0reasoned with them from the scriptures

Paul explained what the scriptures means in order to prove to the Jews that Jesus is the Messiah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1662ACT172qf4t0reasoned with them
1663ACT173e85n0General Information:
1664ACT173ir9qfigs-metaphor0He was opening the scriptures

Possible meanings are 1) to explain the scriptures in a way that people can understand is spoken of as if Paul were opening something so people can see what is inside of it) or 2) Paul was literally opening a book or scroll and reading from it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1665ACT173he780it was necessary

it was part of God's plan

1666ACT173ipb20to rise again

to come back to life

1667ACT173b9qi0from the dead

From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To come back from among them speaks of becoming alive again.

1668ACT174es2ufigs-activepassive0the Jews were persuaded
1669ACT174nyp20joined Paul

became associated with Paul

1670ACT174t21z0devout Greeks

This refers to Greeks who worship God but have not converted to Judaism through circumcision.

1671ACT174ye8vfigs-litotes0not a few of the leading women
1672ACT175nuh60General Information:
1673ACT175uj43figs-metaphor0being moved with jealousy
1674ACT175vev6figs-explicit0with jealousy

It can be stated explicitly that these Jews were jealous because some of the Jews and Greeks believed Paul's message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1675ACT175btw60took certain wicked men
1676ACT175lc6g0certain wicked men
1677ACT175ie1f0from the marketplace
1678ACT175t3bcfigs-metonymy0set the city in an uproar
1679ACT175s3uv0Assaulting the house
1680ACT175ks2ltranslate-names0Jason

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1681ACT175pp7k0out to the people
1682ACT176i79p0certain other brothers
1683ACT176e44z0before the officials

in the presence of the officials

1684ACT176g7xj0These men who have
1685ACT176c2avfigs-hyperbole0turned the world upside down
1686ACT177hlc90Jason has welcomed

This phrase signals that Jason was in agreement with the apostles' troubling message.

1687ACT178th2f0were disturbed

were worried

1688ACT179ya440made Jason and the rest pay money as security

Jason and the others had to pay the money to the city officials as a promise of good behavior; that money might be returned if all went well or it might be used to repair the damages brought on by bad behavior.

1689ACT179bj480the rest
1690ACT179aru60they let them go

the officials let Jason and the other believers go

1691ACT1710na8h0General Information:

Paul and Silas travel on to the town of Berea.

1692ACT1710qy5cfigs-gendernotations0the brothers
1693ACT1711k2stwriting-background0Now
1694ACT1711gu6s0these people were more noble
1695ACT1711hle3figs-metonymy0received the word
1696ACT1711uh8a0with all readiness of mind

These Bereans were prepared to examine earnestly Paul's teachings about the scripture.

1697ACT1711lzm30examining the scriptures daily

carefully reading and evaluating the scriptures every day

1698ACT1711g8an0these things were so

the things Paul said were true

1699ACT1713vn8htranslate-names0General Information:

Athens is down the coast from Barea which is in Macedonia. Athens was one of the most important cities in Greece. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1700ACT1713asb4figs-metaphor0went there and stirred up
1701ACT1713wjq30troubled the crowds
1702ACT1714ael8figs-gendernotations0brothers
1703ACT1714zw1c0to go to the sea
1704ACT1715tjh50who were leading Paul
1705ACT1715gs1pfigs-quotations0they received from him instructions for Silas and Timothy
1706ACT1716wk630General Information:

This is another part of the story of Paul and Silas' travels. Paul is now in Athens where he is waiting for Silas and Timothy to join him.

1707ACT1716y9cr0Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Luke starts to tell a new part of the story.

1708ACT1716we78figs-synecdoche0his spirit was provoked within him as he saw the city full of idols
1709ACT1717q8px0he reasoned
1710ACT1717jkj80others who worshiped God

This refers to Gentiles (non-Jews) who give praise to God and follow him but do not obey all of the Jewish laws.

1711ACT1717ec140in the marketplace
1712ACT1718ru6a0General Information:
1713ACT1718l7letranslate-names0Epicurean and Stoic philosophers

These people believed all things were formed by chance and that the gods were too busy being happy to be bothered with governing the universe. They rejected the resurrection and wanted only simple pleasures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1714ACT1718f976translate-names0Stoic philosophers

These people believed freedom comes from resigning oneself to fate. They rejected a personal loving God and the resurrection. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1715ACT1718tjk60encountered him

happened upon him

1716ACT1718dnj80Some said

Some of the philosophers said

1717ACT1718g4bvfigs-metaphor0What is this babbler
1718ACT1718k2ps0Others said

Other philosophers said

1719ACT1718l41t0He seems to be one who calls people to follow
1720ACT1718sx9t0strange gods
1721ACT1719fs5gfigs-exclusive0General Information:
1722ACT1719mv8c0They took ... brought him

This does not mean they arrested Paul. The philosophers invited Paul to speak formally to their leaders.

1723ACT1719b56gfigs-metonymy0to the Areopagus
1724ACT1719ze7e0the Areopagus, saying
1725ACT1719unc8translate-names0Areopagus

This is a prominent rock outcropping or hill in Athens upon which the supreme court of Athens may have met. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1726ACT1720lay8figs-metaphor0For you bring some strange things to our ears
1727ACT1721dn1tfigs-hyperbole0Now all the Athenians and the strangers living there
1728ACT1721d8ybtranslate-names0all the Athenians
1729ACT1721m8u10the strangers

the foreigners

1730ACT1721sk5bfigs-metaphor0spent their time in nothing but either telling or listening
1731ACT1721ij4efigs-hyperbole0spent their time in nothing but either telling or listening
1732ACT1721wr1r0telling or listening about something new
1733ACT1722zq3y0General Information:

Paul begins his speech to the philosophers on the Areopagus.

1734ACT1722ja1k0very religious in every way

Paul is referring to the Athenians' public display of honoring the gods through prayers, building altars, and offering sacrifices.

1735ACT1723gn1j0For as I passed along
1736ACT1723cem70To an Unknown God
1737ACT1724m1jm0the world
1738ACT1724rqk90since he is Lord
1739ACT1724f2mzfigs-merism0of heaven and earth
1740ACT1724ju4hfigs-synecdoche0built with hands
1741ACT1725e3dgfigs-activepassive0Neither is he served by men's hands
1742ACT1725yq68figs-synecdoche0by men's hands
1743ACT1725sj89figs-rpronouns0since he himself
1744ACT1726r3ltfigs-inclusive0General Information:
1745ACT1726p1e40one man
1746ACT1726js4p0having determined their appointed seasons and the boundaries of their living areas
1747ACT1727jae5figs-metaphor0so that they should search for God and perhaps they may feel their way toward him and find him
1748ACT1727p8hkfigs-litotes0Yet he is not far from each one of us
1749ACT1728tkd3figs-inclusive0General Information:
1750ACT1728cbd90For in him

Because of him

1751ACT1729k9wsfigs-metaphor0are God's offspring

Because God created everyone, all people are spoken of as if they were God's literal children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1752ACT1729czi9figs-metonymy0qualities of deity
1753ACT1729q4q2figs-activepassive0images created by the art and imagination of man
1754ACT1730y2u80General Information:
1755ACT1730zj280Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes his speech to the philosophers in the Areopagus, which he began in Acts 17:22.

1756ACT1730suh60Therefore

Because what I have just said is true

1757ACT1730iva40God overlooked the times of ignorance

God decided not to punish people during the time of ignorance

1758ACT1730h8uy0times of ignorance

This refers to the time before God fully revealed himself through Jesus Christ and before people truly knew how to obey God.

1759ACT1730qim5figs-gendernotations0all men
1760ACT1731htp70when he will judge the world in righteousness by the man he has chosen

when the man he has chosen will judge the world in righteousness

1761ACT1731jt3afigs-metonymy0he will judge the world
1762ACT1731i9aw0in righteousness
1763ACT1731l61p0God has given proof of this man

God has demonstrated his choice of this man

1764ACT1731ulr40from the dead

From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To come back from among them speaks of becoming alive again.

1765ACT1732tc8tfigs-exclusive0General Information:
1766ACT1732c4smwriting-endofstory0

This is the end of the part of the story about Paul in Athens. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])

1767ACT1732nb260Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Luke shifts from Paul's teachings to the reaction of the people of Athens.

1768ACT1732jlm50the men of Athens

These are the people who were present at the Areopagus listening to Paul.

1769ACT1732sn6j0some mocked Paul
1770ACT1734psh8translate-names0Dionysius the Areopagite

Dionysius is a man's name. Areopagite implies that Dionysius was one of the judges at the council of Areopagus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1771ACT1734hsz3translate-names0Damaris

This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1772ACT18introrky60

Acts 18 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

The baptism of John

Some Jews who lived far away from Jerusalem and Judea had heard of John the Baptist and followed his teachings. They had not yet heard about Jesus. One of these Jews was Apollos. He followed John the Baptist, but he did not know that the Messiah had come. John had baptized people to show that they were sorry for their sins, but this baptism was different from Christian baptism. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])

1773ACT181jat1writing-background0General Information:

Aquila and Priscilla are introduced to the story and verses 2 and 3 give background information about them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1774ACT181qa9b0Connecting Statement:

This is another part of the story of Paul's travels as he goes to Corinth.

1775ACT181fky70After these things

After these events took place in Athens

1776ACT181h2si0Athens

Athens was one of the most important cities in Greece. See how you translated this in Acts 17:15.

1777ACT182d9zx0There he met

Possible meanings are that 1) Paul happened to find by chance or 2) Paul intentionally found.

1778ACT182hm16writing-participants0a Jew named Aquila
1779ACT182y97ptranslate-names0a native of Pontus

Pontus was a province on the southern coast of the Black Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1780ACT182q4va0had recently come

This is probably sometime in the past year.

1781ACT182n631translate-names0Italy

This is the name of land. Rome is the capital city of Italy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1782ACT182n95f0Claudius had commanded

Claudius was the current Roman emperor. See how you translated this in Acts 11:28.

1783ACT183q2590he worked at the same trade

he did the same kind of work that they did

1784ACT184r56h0General Information:

Silas and Timothy rejoin Paul.

1785ACT184h3az0So Paul reasoned
1786ACT184r2gp0He persuaded both Jews and Greeks
1787ACT185d191figs-activepassive0Paul was compelled by the Spirit
1788ACT186ncx8translate-symaction0shook out his garment

This is a symbolic action to indicate that Paul will no longer try to teach the Jews there about Jesus. He is leaving them to God's judgment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

1789ACT186z12afigs-metonymy0May your blood be upon your own heads
1790ACT187cd3u0General Information:
1791ACT187vs6ytranslate-names0Titius Justus

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1792ACT187v8xg0worshiped God

A worshiper of God is a Gentile who gives praise to God and follows him but does not necessarily obey all of the Jewish laws.

1793ACT188lj2ttranslate-names0Crispus

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1794ACT188kkk90leader of the synagogue

a layperson who sponsored and administered the synagogue, not necessarily the teacher

1795ACT188uaq5figs-metonymy0all those who lived in his house
1796ACT188t3npfigs-activepassive0were baptized
1797ACT189ws7pfigs-parallelism0Do not be afraid, but speak and do not be silent
1798ACT189zg8afigs-doublet0speak and do not be silent
1799ACT189a529figs-explicit0do not be silent
1800ACT1810a8lq0I have many people in this city
1801ACT1811mqx2writing-endofstory0Paul lived there ... teaching the word of God among them
1802ACT1812f41ktranslate-names0General Information:

Achaia was the Roman province in which Corinth was located. Corinth was the largest city in southern Greece and the capital of the province. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1803ACT1812b5bf0Connecting Statement:

The unbelieving Jews bring Paul to the judgment seat before Gallio.

1804ACT1812se8mtranslate-names0Gallio

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1805ACT1812j762figs-synecdoche0the Jews

This stands for the Jewish leaders that did not believe in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

1806ACT1812lp790rose up together
1807ACT1812u36cfigs-metonymy0brought him before the judgment seat
1808ACT1814d13b0Gallio said

Gallio was the Roman governor of the Province.

1809ACT1815y6mt0your own law
1810ACT1815khr50I do not wish to be a judge of these matters

I refuse to make a judgment about these matters

1811ACT1816yf810General Information:
1812ACT1816d6nhfigs-metonymy0Gallio made them leave the judgment seat
1813ACT1817cyk6figs-hyperbole0they all seized
1814ACT1817mj770So they all seized Sosthenes, the ruler of the synagogue, and beat him in front of the judgment seat

Possible meanings are 1) the Gentiles beat Sosthenes in the court in front of the judgment seat because he was the Jewish leader or 2) it is possible that Sosthenes was a believer in Christ, so the Jews beat him in front of the court.

1815ACT1817x9w5translate-names0Sosthenes, the ruler of the synagogue
1816ACT1817z9fv0beat him
1817ACT1818x25wtranslate-names0General Information:
1818ACT1818ura90Connecting Statement:
1819ACT1818et8cfigs-gendernotations0left the brothers
1820ACT1818v5kl0sailed for Syria with Priscilla and Aquila

Paul got on a ship that sailed for Syria. Priscilla and Aquila went with him.

1821ACT1818kq6ftranslate-symaction0he had his hair cut off because of a vow he had taken
1822ACT1819st930reasoned with
1823ACT1820u44s0General Information:
1824ACT1821iz1u0taking his leave of them

saying good-bye to them

1825ACT1822pr6u0General Information:

Phrygia is a province in Asia which is now modern day Turkey. See how you translated this in Acts 2:10.

1826ACT1822p3640Connecting Statement:

Paul continues his missionary journey.

1827ACT1822gyy40landed at Caesarea
1828ACT1822r26z0he went up
1829ACT1822q9j6figs-metonymy0greeted the Jerusalem church
1830ACT1822n3rh0then went down
1831ACT1823pww50Paul departed
1832ACT1823h65jfigs-metaphor0After having spent some time there
1833ACT1824a7p9writing-background0General Information:

Apollos is introduced to the story. Verses 24 and 25 give background information about him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1834ACT1824muc20Connecting Statement:

Luke tells what happens in Ephesus with Priscilla and Aquila.

1835ACT1824xqy70Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line.

1836ACT1824n2b4writing-participants0a certain Jew named Apollos
1837ACT1824di14translate-names0an Alexandrian by birth
1838ACT1824t4zi0eloquent in speech

a good speaker

1839ACT1824bh250mighty in the scriptures
1840ACT1825z7a8figs-activepassive0Apollos had been instructed in the teachings of the Lord
1841ACT1825ift8figs-synecdoche0Being fervent in spirit
1842ACT1825lr1h0the baptism of John
1843ACT1826ga6vfigs-metaphor0the way of God

How God wants people to live is spoken of as if it were a road that a person travels. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1844ACT1826k1lb0more accurately
1845ACT1827c2sq0General Information:
1846ACT1827ll360to pass over into Achaia
1847ACT1827pql70Achaia

Achaia was a Roman Province in the southern section of Greece. See how you translated this in Acts 18:12.

1848ACT1827v2i6figs-gendernotations0brothers
1849ACT1827q5f20wrote to the disciples

wrote a letter to the Christians in Achaia

1850ACT1827f99p0those who believed by grace
1851ACT1828l2zt0Apollos powerfully refuted the Jews in public debate

In public debate Apollos powerfully showed that the Jews were wrong

1852ACT1828v4sx0showing by the scriptures that Jesus is the Christ

as he showed them by the scriptures that Jesus is the Christ

1853ACT19introg38y0

Acts 19 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Baptism

John baptized people to show that they were sorry for their sins. Jesus' followers baptized people who wanted to follow Jesus.

Temple of Diana

The temple of Diana was an important place in the city of Ephesus. Many people came to Ephesus to see this temple, and they bought statues of the goddess Diana while they were there. The people who sold statues of Diana were afraid that if people did not believe Diana was a real goddess, they would stop giving the sellers money for statues.

1854ACT191rhv10General Information:
1855ACT191wu6p0Connecting Statement:

Paul travels to Ephesus.

1856ACT191lp230It came about that

This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

1857ACT191ati90passed through

traveled through

1858ACT192wqi40receive the Holy Spirit

This means to have the Holy Spirit come upon them.

1859ACT192nvn40we did not even hear about the Holy Spirit

we have not even heard about the Holy Spirit

1860ACT193hml10General Information:
1861ACT193mrm6figs-activepassive0Into what then were you baptized?
1862ACT193jzp7figs-ellipsis0Into John's baptism
1863ACT194r46yfigs-abstractnouns0the baptism of repentance
1864ACT194pv7t0the one who would come
1865ACT194q5fh0come after him

This means to come after John the Baptist in time and not following after him physically.

1866ACT195zx2b0Connecting Statement:

Paul continues staying in Ephesus.

1867ACT195k9st0When the people
1868ACT195ueh1figs-activepassive0they were baptized
1869ACT195g2dmfigs-metonymy0in the name of the Lord Jesus
1870ACT196gk8l0laid his hands on them
1871ACT196j4n80they spoke in other languages and prophesied

Unlike in Acts 2:3-4, there are no details of who understood their messages.

1872ACT197e7kjwriting-background0In all they were about twelve men

This tells how many men were baptized. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

1873ACT197u71itranslate-numbers0twelve men
1874ACT198qv8z0Paul went into the synagogue and spoke boldly for three months

Paul regularly attended the synagogue meetings for three months and spoke there boldly

1875ACT198yky20reasoning and persuading them

convincing people with convincing arguments and with clear teaching

1876ACT198v8etfigs-metonymy0about the kingdom of God
1877ACT199mq1gfigs-metaphor0some Jews were hardened and disobedient
1878ACT199n6irfigs-metaphor0to speak evil of the Way before the crowd
1879ACT199ts8d0to speak evil of

to speak bad things about

1880ACT199xsm60in the lecture hall of Tyrannus

in the large room where Tyrannus had taught people

1881ACT199den4translate-names0Tyrannus

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1882ACT1910cw5gfigs-hyperbole0all who lived in Asia heard the word of the Lord
1883ACT1910kj12figs-metonymy0the word of the Lord
1884ACT1911cb6w0General Information:
1885ACT1911fa6hfigs-synecdoche0God was doing mighty deeds by the hands of Paul
1886ACT1912m3kl0even handkerchiefs and aprons that had touched him were taken to the sick and
1887ACT1912vc1v0even handkerchiefs and aprons that had touched him

Possible meanings are 1) these were cloth items that Paul had touched or 2) these were cloth items that Paul had worn or used.

1888ACT1912aks40handkerchiefs

cloths worn around the head

1889ACT1912xs310aprons

clothing worn on the front of the body to protect the clothes of people

1890ACT1912kw9zfigs-nominaladj0the sick
1891ACT1912nl3a0their illnesses left them

those who were sick became healthy

1892ACT1913he2x0General Information:

This is the beginning of another event that happened while Paul was in Ephesus. It is about Jewish exorcists.

1893ACT1913fgq40exorcists

people who send evil spirits away from people or places

1894ACT1913s12ufigs-metonymy0the name of the Lord Jesus
1895ACT1913d59p0By the Jesus whom Paul proclaims
1896ACT1913vqt1figs-metonymy0By the Jesus
1897ACT1914cb8ptranslate-names0Sceva

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1898ACT1915i4a20Jesus I know, and Paul I know
1899ACT1915nsl1figs-rquestion0but who are you?
1900ACT1916ty4x0The evil spirit in the man leaped

This means that the evil spirit caused the man whom it was controlling to leap on the exorcists.

1901ACT1916lu7u0exorcists

This refers to people who send evil spirits from people or places. See how you translated this in Acts 19:13.

1902ACT1916b8cb0they fled ... naked

The exorcists fled with their clothes ripped off them.

1903ACT1917j85hfigs-activepassive0the name of the Lord Jesus was honored
1904ACT1917j2hhfigs-metonymy0the name

This stands for the power and authority of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1905ACT1918tj8twriting-endofstory0

This ends the story about the Jewish exorcists. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])

1906ACT1919z9rj0brought their books
1907ACT1919m6nf0in the sight of everyone

in front of everyone

1908ACT1919upz30the value of them
1909ACT1919u9pitranslate-numbers0fifty thousand
1910ACT1919bcv2translate-bmoney0pieces of silver
1911ACT1920es71figs-synecdoche0So the word of the Lord spread very widely in powerful ways
1912ACT1921k1j10Connecting Statement:

Paul talks about going Jerusalem but does not leave Ephesus yet.

1913ACT1921de4f0Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Luke starts to tell a new part of the story.

1914ACT1921q18b0Paul completed his ministry in Ephesus

Paul completed the work that God had for him to do in Ephesus

1915ACT1921fgq50he decided in the Spirit

Possible meanings are 1) Paul decided with the help of the Holy Spirit or 2) Paul decided within his own spirit, which means he made up his mind.

1916ACT1921brb70Achaia

Achaia was the Roman province in which Corinth was located. It was the largest city in southern Greece and the capital of the province. See how you translated this in Acts 18:12.

1917ACT1921rdz40I must also see Rome

I must also travel to Rome

1918ACT1922cy6ftranslate-names0Erastus

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1919ACT1922k35jfigs-explicit0But he himself stayed in Asia for a while

It is made explicit in the next few verses that Paul remains in Ephesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1920ACT1922uy9xfigs-rpronouns0he himself

This is repeated for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])

1921ACT1923y5aewriting-background0General Information:
1922ACT1923l7gz0Connecting Statement:

Luke tells about a riot that broke out while Paul was in Ephesus.

1923ACT1923kn490there was no small disturbance in Ephesus concerning the Way

This is a summary opening statement.

1924ACT1923nb3p0there was no small disturbance
1925ACT1923rwf20the Way

This was a term used to refer to Christianity. See how you translated this title in Acts 9:1.

1926ACT1924cg16writing-participants0A certain silversmith named Demetrius
1927ACT1924nwt70silversmith

a craftsman who works with silver metal to make statues and jewelry

1928ACT1924v8cbtranslate-names0named Demetrius

This is the name of a man. Demetrius was a silversmith in Ephesus who was against Paul and the local church. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1929ACT1924p58m0brought in much business

made a lot of money for those who made the idols

1930ACT1925kuz60the workmen of that occupation
1931ACT1926w5z60Connecting Statement:

Demetrius continues to speak to the craftsmen.

1932ACT1926rm6w0You see and hear that

You have come to know and understand that

1933ACT1926rx32figs-metaphor0turned away many people
1934ACT1926z7e7figs-ellipsis0He is saying that there are no gods that are made with hands
1935ACT1927r1w2figs-activepassive0that our trade will no longer be needed
1936ACT1927j3bbfigs-activepassive0the temple of the great goddess Artemis may be considered worthless
1937ACT1927bqt40she would even lose her greatness

Artemis's greatness only comes from what people think of her.

1938ACT1927hz7lfigs-hyperbole0whom all Asia and the world worships
1939ACT1928t4lm0General Information:
1940ACT1928uc5cfigs-metaphor0they were filled with anger
1941ACT1928lcx80cried out
1942ACT1929t7xsfigs-metonymy0The whole city was filled with confusion
1943ACT1929nt7y0the people rushed together

This was a mob or near riot situation.

1944ACT1929ej3q0into the theater

The Ephesus theater was used for public meetings and for entertainment such as plays and music. It was an outdoor semi-circular area with bench seats that could hold thousands of people.

1945ACT1929hjc80Paul's travel companions

The men who had been with Paul.

1946ACT1929d6r9translate-names0Gaius and Aristarchus

These are names of men. Gaius and Aristarchus came from Macedonia but were working with Paul in Ephesus at this time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1947ACT1930ii1u0General Information:

Ephesus was part of the Roman empire and in the province of Asia.

1948ACT1931z7ww0enter the theater
1949ACT1933jr85translate-names0Alexander

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1950ACT1933j1mifigs-explicit0motioned with his hand
1951ACT1933tlq70to give a defense
1952ACT1934u1hpfigs-metaphor0with one voice
1953ACT1935fm3mfigs-you0General Information:
1954ACT1935pu960Connecting Statement:

The clerk of Ephesus speaks to quiet the crowd.

1955ACT1935sy9m0the town clerk
1956ACT1935sd3sfigs-rquestion0what man is there who does not know that the city of the Ephesians is temple keeper ... heaven?
1957ACT1935k8dyfigs-litotes0who does not know
1958ACT1935hiw30temple keeper

The Ephesian people maintained and guarded the temple of Artemis.

1959ACT1935afd10the image which fell down from heaven

Within the temple of Artemis was an image of the goddess. It had been fashioned from a meteorite which fell from the sky. People thought that his rock had come directly from Zeus, the ruler of the Greek gods (idols).

1960ACT1936r8cf0Seeing then that these things are undeniable

Since you know these things

1961ACT1936xj2n0do nothing rash

do not do anything before you have had time to think about it

1962ACT1936s67q0rash

without careful thought

1963ACT1937s8a90these men
1964ACT1938wgv50Connecting Statement:

The town clerk finishes speaking to the crowd.

1965ACT1938qd4s0Therefore
1966ACT1938zkx5figs-abstractnouns0have an accusation against anyone
1967ACT1938szf7translate-unknown0proconsuls

the Roman governor's representatives who made legal decisions in court (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

1968ACT1938g8tp0Let them accuse one another
1969ACT1939hxh30But if you seek anything about other matters

But if you have other matters to discuss

1970ACT1939wga5figs-activepassive0it shall be settled in the regular assembly
1971ACT1939et5j0the regular assembly

This refers to a public gathering of citizens over which the county clerk presided.

1972ACT1940sds7figs-activepassive0in danger of being accused concerning this day's riot
1973ACT20introu91c0
1974ACT201cwq70Connecting Statement:

Paul leaves Ephesus and continues his travels.

1975ACT201y5cq0After the uproar
1976ACT201hr320he said farewell

he said goodbye

1977ACT202edb80spoken many words of encouragement to them
1978ACT203yxj3figs-metaphor0After he had spent three months there
1979ACT203cit9figs-activepassive0a plot was formed against him by the Jews
1980ACT203ah5wfigs-synecdoche0by the Jews
1981ACT203m7na0as he was about to sail for Syria

as he was ready to sail for Syria

1982ACT204y35xfigs-exclusive0General Information:
1983ACT204c9et0Accompanying him

Traveling with him

1984ACT204dw6jtranslate-names0Sopater ... Pyrrhus ... Secundus ... Tychicus ... Trophimus

These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1985ACT204w4n1translate-names0Berea ... Derbe

These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1986ACT204w8j60Aristarchus ... Gaius

These are names of men. See how you translated these names in Acts 19:29.

1987ACT205itz1translate-names0Troas

This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1988ACT205kv8t0these men had gone before us

these men had traveled ahead of us

1989ACT206l5dr0the days of unleavened bread

This refers to a time of Jewish religious feast time during the Passover season. See how you translated this in Acts 12:3.

1990ACT207dnt4figs-exclusive0General Information:
1991ACT207mbr80Connecting Statement:

Luke tells about Paul's preaching in Troas and about what happened to Eutychus.

1992ACT207zff8figs-synecdoche0to break bread
1993ACT207j8880he kept speaking

he continued to speak

1994ACT208ak8z0upper room

This may have been the third floor house.

1995ACT209hw7b0General Information:
1996ACT209v5q70In the window

This was an opening in the wall with a ledge that was wide enough on which a person could sit.

1997ACT209ju64translate-names0Eutychus

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

1998ACT209tsp4figs-metaphor0who fell into a deep sleep
1999ACT209jp89figs-activepassive0third story and was picked up dead
2000ACT209kh3h0third story
2001ACT2011av7m0General Information:
2002ACT2011lih80Connecting Statement:

This is the end of the part of the story about Paul's preaching at Troas and about Eutychus.

2003ACT2011w5w8figs-synecdoche0broke bread
2004ACT2011t88c0he left

he went away

2005ACT2012jkj50the boy
2006ACT2013dja7figs-exclusive0General Information:
2007ACT2013awt90Connecting Statement:

The writer Luke, Paul, and his other companions continue their travels; however, Paul goes separately for part of the trip.

2008ACT2013w4ewfigs-rpronouns0We ourselves went
2009ACT2013q4yztranslate-names0sailed away to Assos

Assos is a town located directly below present day Behram in Turkey on the coast of the Aegean sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2010ACT2013nq2qfigs-rpronouns0he himself desired

Himself is used to emphasize that this is what Paul wanted. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])

2011ACT2013p8y70to go by land

to travel on land

2012ACT2014ju8ftranslate-names0went to Mitylene

Mitylene is a town located in present day Mitilini in Turkey on the coast of the Aegean sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2013ACT2015ll2hfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2014ACT2015e6va0opposite the island
2015ACT2015ulk6translate-names0the island of Chios

Chios is an island off the coast of modern day Turkey in the Aegean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2016ACT2015jyr70we touched at the island of Samos

we arrived at the island of Samos

2017ACT2015b6c6translate-names0island of Samos

Samos is an island south of Chios in the Aegean Sea off the coast of modern day Turkey. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2018ACT2015s7g2translate-names0the city of Miletus

Miletus was a port city in western Asia Minor near the mouth of the Meander River. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2019ACT2016p272translate-names0For Paul had decided to sail past Ephesus

Paul sailed south past the port city of Ephesus, further south in order to land at Miletus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2020ACT2016p61efigs-metaphor0so that he would not spend any time
2021ACT2017nw52figs-inclusive0General Information:
2022ACT2017v9al0Connecting Statement:

Paul calls the elders of the church of Ephesus and begins to speak to them.

2023ACT2017l9ajtranslate-names0Miletus

Miletus was a port city in western Asia Minor near the mouth of the Meander River. See how you translated this in Acts 20:15. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2024ACT2018b6lifigs-rpronouns0You yourselves
2025ACT2018vw6nfigs-synecdoche0I set foot in Asia
2026ACT2018t7zsfigs-metaphor0how I always spent my time with you
2027ACT2019m8x9figs-metaphor0lowliness of mind
2028ACT2019wh5mfigs-metonymy0with tears
2029ACT2019e6k70in sufferings that happened to me
2030ACT2019y5iwfigs-synecdoche0of the Jews
2031ACT2020nu7h0You know how I did not keep back from declaring to you

You know how I was never silent, but I always declared to you

2032ACT2020kut9figs-ellipsis0from house to house
2033ACT2021w7mvfigs-abstractnouns0about repentance toward God and of faith in our Lord Jesus
2034ACT2022ty3b0General Information:
2035ACT2022vam4figs-activepassive0compelled by the Spirit
2036ACT2022a9j10not knowing what will happen to me there

and I do not know what will happen to me there

2037ACT2023q3iefigs-metonymy0chains and sufferings await me
2038ACT2024w8d2figs-metaphor0if only I may finish the race and complete the ministry that I received from the Lord Jesus
2039ACT2024m5gcfigs-metaphor0finish the race

Paul speaks about completing the work that Jesus has commanded him to do as if he were running a race. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2040ACT2024hg3l0to testify to the gospel of the grace of God
2041ACT2025f1sb0Connecting Statement:

Paul continues to talk to the Ephesian elders (Acts 20:17).

2042ACT2025kj9c0Now look, I know

Now, pay careful attention, because I know

2043ACT2025z4ng0I know that you all

I know that all of you

2044ACT2025aur9figs-metonymy0among whom I went about proclaiming the kingdom
2045ACT2025cq45figs-synecdoche0will see my face no more
2046ACT2026e546figs-metonymy0I am innocent of the blood of any man
2047ACT2026v5elfigs-gendernotations0any man
2048ACT2027qa9yfigs-litotes0For I did not hold back from declaring to you
2049ACT2028ddg10Therefore
2050ACT2028u52dfigs-metaphor0the flock of which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers. Be careful to shepherd the church of God
2051ACT2028cx69figs-metaphor0the church of God, which he purchased with his own blood
2052ACT2028hjh6figs-metonymy0his own blood
2053ACT2029ka6ufigs-metaphor0vicious wolves will come in among you and will not spare the flock
2054ACT2030ftf4figs-metaphor0in order to draw away the disciples after them
2055ACT2031q2nl0be on guard. Remember
2056ACT2031ll64figs-metaphor0be on guard
2057ACT2031pvt60Remember that
2058ACT2031rt1hfigs-hyperbole0for three years I did not stop instructing ... night and day

Paul did not teach them continuously for three years, but over the space of three years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])

2059ACT2031hs1m0I did not stop instructing

I did not stop warning

2060ACT2031rvh6figs-metonymy0with tears
2061ACT2032ylm3figs-metonymy0I entrust you to God and to the word of his grace
2062ACT2032vnb20entrust

to give someone else the responsibility of taking care of someone or something

2063ACT2032s7rffigs-metaphor0which is able to build you up
2064ACT2032zvz8figs-personification0to give you the inheritance
2065ACT2032x5jyfigs-metaphor0the inheritance

The blessings that God gives believers is spoken of as if they were money or property that a child inherits from his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2066ACT2033y6ii0Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes speaking to the elders of the church of Ephesus; he began to speak them in Acts 20:18.

2067ACT2033yw8a0I coveted no man's silver
2068ACT2033ipq50man's silver, gold, or clothing

Clothing was considered a treasure; the more you had, the richer you were.

2069ACT2034f5a3figs-rpronouns0You yourselves
2070ACT2034ja5vfigs-synecdoche0these hands served my own needs
2071ACT2035wn8j0you should help the weak by working

you should work so as to have money to help people who cannot earn it for themselves

2072ACT2035p3n8figs-nominaladj0the weak
2073ACT2035dpu10weak

sick

2074ACT2035ps2ifigs-metonymy0the words of the Lord Jesus
2075ACT2035e3960It is more blessed to give than to receive

This means a person receives the favor of God and experiences more joy when he gives to other people rather than always receiving from other people.

2076ACT2036q6bs0Connecting Statement:

Paul ends his time with the elders of the church of Ephesus by praying with them.

2077ACT2036u3uctranslate-symaction0he knelt down and prayed

It was a common custom to kneel down while praying. It was a sign of humility before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

2078ACT2037pb4r0embraced Paul
2079ACT2037sze40kissed him

Kissing someone on the cheek is an expression of brotherly or friendly love in the Middle East.

2080ACT2038bs3sfigs-synecdoche0they would never see his face again
2081ACT21introgh1j0
2082ACT211s3h3figs-exclusive0General Information:
2083ACT211i6f80Connecting Statement:

The writer Luke, Paul, and his companions continue their travels.

2084ACT211zz5h0we took a straight course to the city of Cos
2085ACT211e5y6translate-names0city of Cos

Cos is a Greek island off the coast of modern day Turkey in the South Aegean Sea region. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2086ACT211p6sstranslate-names0city of Rhodes

Rhodes is a Greek island off the coast of modern day Turkey in the South Aegean Sea region south of Cos and northeast of Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2087ACT211x7kgtranslate-names0city of Patara

Patara is a city on the southwest coast of modern day Turkey south of the Aegean Sea in the Mediterranean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2088ACT212nz9kfigs-metonymy0When we found a ship crossing over to Phoenicia
2089ACT212vbd30a ship crossing over
2090ACT213er3rfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2091ACT213vkr20leaving it on the left side of the boat
2092ACT213hwx8figs-metonymy0where the ship was to unload its cargo
2093ACT214y35m0Through the Spirit they kept urging Paul
2094ACT215fe1u0General Information:
2095ACT215a5wjfigs-metaphor0When our days there were over
2096ACT215q8xltranslate-symaction0knelt down on the beach, prayed

It was a common custom to kneel down while praying. This was a sign of humility before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

2097ACT216ja1x0said farewell to each other

said goodbye to one another

2098ACT217hy6efigs-exclusive0General Information:
2099ACT217kt6u0Connecting Statement:

This begins Paul's time in Caesarea.

2100ACT217z4nttranslate-names0we arrived at Ptolemais

Ptolemaic was a city south of Tyre, Lebanon. Ptolemaic is modern day Acre, Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2101ACT217ff1s0the brothers

fellow believers

2102ACT218ay520one of the seven
2103ACT218vi480evangelist

a person who tells people good news

2104ACT219rcf40this man
2105ACT219cv8bwriting-background0Now

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Luke tells background information about Philip and his daughters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

2106ACT219r1i10four virgin daughters who prophesied

four virgin daughters who regularly received and passed along messages from God

2107ACT2110fe6sfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2108ACT2110hx8k0Connecting Statement:

This tells about a prophecy made about Paul in Caesarea by the prophet Agabus.

2109ACT2110n3i8writing-participants0a certain prophet named Agabus

This introduces a new person in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])

2110ACT2110f9cbtranslate-names0named Agabus

Agabus was a man from Judea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2111ACT2111i8t20took Paul's belt

removed Paul's belt from Paul's waist

2112ACT2111nq2yfigs-quotesinquotes0Thus says the Holy Spirit, 'So shall the Jews in Jerusalem tie up ... of the Gentiles.'
2113ACT2111i8u7figs-synecdoche0the Jews
2114ACT2111zvw80hand him over

deliver him

2115ACT2111s92dfigs-metonymy0into the hands of the Gentiles
2116ACT2111b59gfigs-synecdoche0the Gentiles
2117ACT2112fvh4figs-exclusive0General Information:
2118ACT2113uwt2figs-rquestion0What are you doing, weeping and breaking my heart
2119ACT2113bj76figs-metaphor0breaking my heart
2120ACT2113p5e5figs-activepassive0not only to be tied up
2121ACT2113q35xfigs-metonymy0for the name of the Lord Jesus
2122ACT2114hwc5figs-activepassive0Paul would not be persuaded
2123ACT2114zl98figs-ellipsis0persuaded
2124ACT2114as1ifigs-activepassive0May the will of the Lord be done
2125ACT2115p5flfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2126ACT2115p5flfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2127ACT2115kd5l0Connecting Statement:

This ends Paul's time in Caesarea.

2128ACT2116k9kr0They brought with them a man

Among them was a man

2129ACT2116zd9itranslate-names0Mnason, a man from Cyprus

Mnason is a man from the island of Cyprus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2130ACT2116c7r20an early disciple

This means Mnason was one of the first to believe in Jesus.

2131ACT2117zpa70General Information:
2132ACT2117wz340Connecting Statement:

Paul and his companions arrive in Jerusalem.

2133ACT2117d3gjfigs-gendernotations0the brothers welcomed us
2134ACT2119bx9e0he reported one by one

he gave a detailed account of all

2135ACT2120zks90Connecting Statement:

The elders in Jerusalem begin their response to Paul.

2136ACT2120a1hk0they heard ... they praised ... they said to him
2137ACT2120xki40brother
2138ACT2120c5pu0They are
2139ACT2121pyg8figs-explicit0They have been told about you ... not to follow the old customs

Apparently here there are some Jews that are distorting what Paul is teaching. He does not discourage the Jews from obeying the law of Moses. His message is that circumcision and the other customs are not necessary for Jesus to save them. You can make explicit that the leaders of the Jewish believers in Jerusalem knew that Paul was teaching God's true message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2140ACT2121e5s4figs-activepassive0They have been told
2141ACT2121sdl3figs-metonymy0to abandon Moses
2142ACT2121knt4figs-metaphor0not to follow the old customs
2143ACT2121u56t0the old customs

the customs that Jews normally do

2144ACT2122b28bfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2145ACT2123b22r0four men who made a vow
2146ACT2124km4wfigs-explicit0Take these men and purify yourself with them

They had to make themselves ritually pure so they could worship in the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2147ACT2124c3apfigs-explicit0pay their expenses for them
2148ACT2124abq6translate-symaction0they may shave their heads

This was a sign that the person had completed what they promised God they would do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

2149ACT2124nu9vfigs-activepassive0the things they have been told about you
2150ACT2124sv6ifigs-metaphor0follow the law
2151ACT2125c4klfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2152ACT2125cqm90Connecting Statement:

James and the elders in Jerusalem finish their request to Paul (Acts 21:18).

2153ACT2125a35ufigs-explicit0they should keep themselves from things sacrificed to idols, from blood, from what is strangled

All of these are rules about what they can eat. They are forbidden to eat meat of animals sacrificed to an idol, meat with blood still in it, and meat from a strangled animal because it would still have blood in the meat. See how you translated similar phrases in Acts 15:20. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2154ACT2125bpb5figs-activepassive0they should keep themselves from things sacrificed to idols
2155ACT2125wjd2figs-explicit0from what is strangled
2156ACT2126cr140took the men

These are the 4 men who made a vow.

2157ACT2126s8z90purifying himself with them

Before entering the temple area the Jews were required to be ceremonially or ritually clean. This cleansing had to do with Jews having contact with Gentiles.

2158ACT2126xu9rfigs-synecdoche0went into the temple
2159ACT2126pvy30the days of purification

This is a separate purification process from the purification process which they were required to fulfill in order to enter the temple area.

2160ACT2126gc23figs-activepassive0until the offering was offered
2161ACT2127l3bg0General Information:

Verse 29 gives background information about the Jews from Asia.

2162ACT2127p4gi0Connecting Statement:

This begins the story of Paul's arrest.

2163ACT2127j9zm0the seven days

These are the seven days for purification.

2164ACT2127k4l1figs-synecdoche0in the temple
2165ACT2127u942figs-metaphor0stirred up the whole crowd
2166ACT2127mks6figs-idiom0laid hands on him
2167ACT2128sfg30the people, the law, and this place

the people of Israel, the law of Moses, and the temple

2168ACT2128jc9qfigs-explicit0Besides, he has also brought Greeks into the temple

Only Jewish males were allowed in certain areas of the courtyard of the Jerusalem temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2169ACT2129t2z7writing-background0For they had previously ... into the temple

This is background information. Luke is explaining why the Jews from Asia thought Paul brought a Greek into the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

2170ACT2129h1uu0Trophimus

This was a Greek man that they accused Paul of having brought into the inner temple area that was only for Jews. See how you translated his name in Acts 20:4.

2171ACT2130upl8figs-hyperbole0All the city was excited
2172ACT2130x2sx0laid hold of Paul
2173ACT2130xd6rfigs-explicit0the doors were immediately shut
2174ACT2131d6vtfigs-metonymy0news came up to the chief captain of the guard
2175ACT2131hu5r0news came up to the chief captain
2176ACT2131p85a0the chief captain

a Roman military officer or leader of about 600 soldiers

2177ACT2131u65rfigs-hyperbole0all Jerusalem was in an uproar
2178ACT2132j81t0General Information:
2179ACT2132dgz50ran down

From the fortress, there are stairs going down into the court.

2180ACT2132e4rj0the chief captain

a Roman military officer or leader of about 600 soldiers

2181ACT2133w28u0laid hold of Paul
2182ACT2133zi4lfigs-activepassive0commanded him to be bound
2183ACT2133xd9w0with two chains

This means they bound Paul to two Roman soldiers, one on each side of him.

2184ACT2133y6zwfigs-quotations0he asked who he was and what he had done.
2185ACT2133fi220he asked who he was

The chief captain is speaking to the crowd, not to Paul.

2186ACT2134pci2figs-ellipsis0and others another
2187ACT2134k35e0the captain

This was a military officer or leader of about 600 soldiers.

2188ACT2134qcc6figs-activepassive0he ordered that Paul be brought
2189ACT2134w2qj0into the fortress

This fortress was connected to the outer temple court.

2190ACT2135h9n7figs-activepassive0When he came to the steps, he was carried
2191ACT2136kax6figs-euphemism0Away with him
2192ACT2137j9xkfigs-activepassive0As Paul was about to be brought
2193ACT2137qp630the fortress

This fortress was connected to the outer temple court. See how you translated this in Acts 21:34.

2194ACT2137inl10the chief captain

a Roman military officer of about 600 soldiers

2195ACT2137p5cdfigs-rquestion0
2196ACT2138xx2wfigs-rquestion0Are you not then the Egyptian ... wilderness?
2197ACT2138nxs6figs-explicit0Are you not then the Egyptian

Shortly before Paul's visit, an unnamed man from Egypt had launched a revolt against Rome in Jerusalem. Later he escaped into the wilderness and the commander wonders if Paul might be the same man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2198ACT2138lwi4figs-abstractnouns0started a rebellion
2199ACT2138tqh6translate-numbers0the four thousand men
2200ACT2138p2ym0Assassins

This refers to a group of Jewish rebels who killed Romans and anyone who supported Romans.

2201ACT2139t6ax0Connecting Statement:

Paul begins to defend what he did.

2202ACT2139ys840I ask you
2203ACT2139a1390allow me
2204ACT2140qp2qfigs-abstractnouns0the captain had given him permission
2205ACT2140a4y20Paul stood on the steps
2206ACT2140rk1yfigs-explicit0motioned with the hand to the people
2207ACT2140xj6i0When there was a deep silence

When the people were completely silent

2208ACT22introgq5g0
2209ACT221kq95writing-background0General Information:

Verse 2 gives background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

2210ACT221a8ir0Connecting Statement:

Paul speaks to the Jewish crowd in Jerusalem.

2211ACT221xe460Brothers and fathers

This is a polite way of addressing men who are Paul's age as well as the older men in the audience.

2212ACT221pe8t0I will now make to you
2213ACT222b4sk0the Hebrew language

The Hebrew language was the language of the Jews.

2214ACT223g311figs-activepassive0but educated in this city at the feet of Gamaliel
2215ACT223d4dxfigs-metonymy0at the feet of Gamaliel
2216ACT223b1dq0Gamaliel

Gamaliel was one of the most prominent teachers of the Jewish law. See how you translated this name in Acts 5:34.

2217ACT223iz4gfigs-activepassive0I was instructed according to the strict ways of the law of our fathers
2218ACT223lqk70law of our fathers
2219ACT223a8d60I am zealous for God
2220ACT223dbl40just as all of you are today
2221ACT224jy3zfigs-metonymy0I persecuted this Way
2222ACT224bk4c0this Way
2223ACT224dr8cfigs-abstractnouns0to the death
2224ACT224zd2r0binding up and delivering them to prison both men and women

tying up both men and women and taking them to prison

2225ACT225v2km0can bear witness
2226ACT225i45u0I received letters from them

The high priests and elders gave me letters

2227ACT225in720for the brothers in Damascus
2228ACT225y82b0to bring them back in bonds to Jerusalem

They ordered me to bind with chains those of the Way and bring them back to Jerusalem

2229ACT225ht9ffigs-activepassive0in order for them to be punished
2230ACT226pe9s0Connecting Statement:

Paul describes his encounter with Jesus.

2231ACT226w4l70It happened that

This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

2232ACT227d6ndfigs-synecdoche0heard a voice say to me
2233ACT229h95hfigs-synecdoche0they did not understand the voice of him who spoke to me
2234ACT2210a91afigs-activepassive0there you will be told
2235ACT2211n1kb0I could not see because of that light's brightness

I was left blind because of that light's brightness

2236ACT2211n2n1figs-synecdoche0being led by the hands of those who were with me, I came into Damascus
2237ACT2212a17q0General Information:
2238ACT2212h5bhtranslate-names0Ananias

Though this is not the same Ananias who died earlier in Acts Acts 5:3, you may translate it the same way though as you did in Acts 5:1. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2239ACT2212z1g30devout man according to the law

Ananias was very serious about following God's law.

2240ACT2212e7uwfigs-activepassive0well spoken of by all the Jews who lived there
2241ACT2213un4g0Brother Saul
2242ACT2213x3kcfigs-abstractnouns0receive your sight
2243ACT2213se47figs-idiom0In that very hour
2244ACT2214v2i70General Information:
2245ACT2214k3ck0Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes telling what had happened to him in Damascus. He quotes what Ananias said to him. This is still part of his speech to the crowd in Jerusalem.

2246ACT2214k4170his will

what God is planning and will cause to happen

2247ACT2214dg8qfigs-synecdoche0to hear the voice coming from his own mouth
2248ACT2215i5q8figs-gendernotations0to all men
2249ACT2216bhg90Now
2250ACT2216mmx9figs-rquestion0why are you waiting?
2251ACT2216lt2ifigs-activepassive0be baptized
2252ACT2216zr5pfigs-metaphor0wash away your sins
2253ACT2216g5dq0calling on his name
2254ACT2217znq60Connecting Statement:

Paul begins to tell the crowd about his vision of Jesus.

2255ACT2217its20it happened that

This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

2256ACT2217yr9lfigs-activepassive0I was given a vision
2257ACT2218jy2c0I saw him say to me

I saw Jesus as he said to me

2258ACT2218qul60they will not accept your testimony about me

those who live in Jerusalem will not believe what you tell them about me

2259ACT2219q5cl0General Information:
2260ACT2219p7gz0Connecting Statement:

This ends what Paul was able to say to the crowd of Jewish people by the fortress.

2261ACT2219im4nfigs-rpronouns0they themselves know
2262ACT2219da1e0in every synagogue

Paul went to synagogues to find Jews who believed in Jesus.

2263ACT2220y7t1figs-metonymy0the blood of Stephen your witness was spilled
2264ACT2222fj9x0General Information:
2265ACT2222ta8z0Away with such a fellow from the earth
2266ACT2223ylr70As they were
2267ACT2223b6a7translate-symaction0throwing off their cloaks, and throwing dust into the air

These actions show that the Jews there are outraged because they feel Paul has spoken against God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

2268ACT2224x7zv0chief captain

a Roman military officer or leader of about 600 soldiers

2269ACT2224h6gpfigs-activepassive0commanded Paul to be brought
2270ACT2224sth60the fortress

This fortress was connected to the outer temple court. See how you translated this in Acts 21:34.

2271ACT2224pz47figs-activepassive0He ordered that he should be questioned with scourging
2272ACT2224e7fpfigs-rpronouns0that he himself
2273ACT2225ar630General Information:
2274ACT2225st4k0the thongs

These were strips of leather or animal hide.

2275ACT2225yjw3figs-rquestion0Is it lawful for you to scourge a man who is a Roman and who has not been put on trial?
2276ACT2226pca7figs-rquestion0What are you about to do?
2277ACT2227pe310General Information:
2278ACT2227e69yfigs-go0The chief captain came
2279ACT2228dr2w0It was only with a large amount of money
2280ACT2228r79cfigs-abstractnouns0I acquired citizenship
2281ACT2228rly10I was born a Roman citizen

If the father is a Roman citizen, then his children become Roman citizens automatically when they are born.

2282ACT2229ii8p0the men who were going to question
2283ACT2230g33i0General Information:
2284ACT2230np3d0chief captain

a military officer of about 600 soldiers

2285ACT2230kx58figs-metonymy0So he untied his bonds
2286ACT2230c5ia0he brought Paul down

From the fortress, there is a stairway going down to the temple courts.

2287ACT23introgbw50
2288ACT231z2sq0Connecting Statement:

Paul stands before the chief priests and the council members (Acts 22:30).

2289ACT231jru40Brothers
2290ACT231nn2q0I have lived before God in all good conscience until this day

I know that even to this day I have done what God has wanted me to do

2291ACT232yz4ntranslate-names0Ananias

This is the name of a man. Though this is the same name, this not the same Ananias as in Acts 5:1 nor the same Ananias as in Acts 9:10. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2292ACT233igq4figs-metaphor0whitewashed wall
2293ACT233un7gfigs-rquestion0Are you sitting to judge ... against the law?
2294ACT233m6nbfigs-activepassive0order me to be struck
2295ACT234lkh8figs-rquestion0Is this how you insult God's high priest?
2296ACT235e8lgfigs-explicit0For it is written
2297ACT236pbe10Brothers
2298ACT236as3f0a son of Pharisees
2299ACT236iz18figs-abstractnouns0the resurrection of the dead that I
2300ACT236ys5kfigs-activepassive0I am being judged
2301ACT237abs30the crowd was divided

the people in the crowd strongly disagreed with one another

2302ACT238gl1swriting-background0For the Sadducees ... but the Pharisees

This is background information about the Sadducees and Pharisees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

2303ACT239eaf10So a large uproar occurred
2304ACT239ayr8figs-hypo0What if a spirit or an angel has spoken to him?
2305ACT2310dr1dfigs-abstractnouns0When there arose a great argument
2306ACT2310s65i0chief captain

a Roman military officer or leader of about 600 soldiers

2307ACT2310f568figs-activepassive0Paul would be torn to pieces by them
2308ACT2310man30take him by force

use physical force to take him away

2309ACT2310ap3c0into the fortress

This fortress was connected to the outer temple court. See how you translated this in Acts 21:34.

2310ACT2311i9w50The following night
2311ACT2311r4q4figs-ellipsis0bear witness in Rome
2312ACT2312fm3y0Connecting Statement:

While Paul was in the prison at the fortress, the disbelieving religious Jews vow to kill him.

2313ACT2312klb40formed a conspiracy
2314ACT2312g3sjfigs-abstractnouns0called a curse down upon themselves with an oath
2315ACT2313f1u2translate-numbers0forty men
2316ACT2313u5s50who formed this conspiracy
2317ACT2314zb6wfigs-you0General Information:
2318ACT2314ur73figs-metaphor0We have put ourselves under a great curse, to eat nothing until we have killed Paul
2319ACT2315w4180Now, therefore
2320ACT2315q9e60Now
2321ACT2315q9mb0bring him down to you

bring Paul from the fortress to meet with you

2322ACT2315m1330as if you would decide his case more precisely

as though you want to learn more about what Paul has done

2323ACT2316d7cy0General Information:
2324ACT2316w6fe0Paul's sister's son
2325ACT2316pj5h0they were lying in wait
2326ACT2316a5hx0the fortress

This fortress was connected to the outer temple court. See how you translated this in Acts 21:34.

2327ACT2318lzf30Paul the prisoner called me to him

Paul the prisoner asked me to come talk with him

2328ACT2318ju2b0this young man

Since the chief captain calls him a young man, this suggests Paul's nephew may have been 12 to 15 years old.

2329ACT2319yp120chief captain took him by the hand

Since the chief captain took the young man by the hand and calls him a young man (verse 18), this suggests Paul's nephew may have been 12 to 15 years old.

2330ACT2320uv6rfigs-synecdoche0The Jews have agreed
2331ACT2320wp5d0to bring down Paul

to bring Paul down from the fortress

2332ACT2320fev50they were going to ask more precisely about his case

they want to learn more about what Paul has done

2333ACT2321vdr5translate-numbers0forty men
2334ACT2321i2k90lying in wait for him
2335ACT2321r6950They have called a curse down on themselves, neither to eat nor to drink until they have killed him

They have sworn to eat or drink nothing until they have killed Paul. And they asked God to curse them if they do not do what they promised to do

2336ACT2322av3g0General Information:
2337ACT2322av3g0General Information:

Felix, who resided at Caesarea, was the roman governor of the area.

2338ACT2323wk7k0he called to him

he called to himself

2339ACT2323q741translate-numbers0two of the centurions
2340ACT2323b7z3translate-numbers0seventy horsemen
2341ACT2323mgi9translate-numbers0two hundred spearmen
2342ACT2323kg8s0third hour of the night

This was about 9:00 p.m. at night.

2343ACT2325vg8x0General Information:

The chief captain writes a letter to Governor Felix about the arrest of Paul.

2344ACT2325vg8xtranslate-names0General Information:

Claudius Lysias is the name of the chief captain. Governor Felix was the Roman governor over the whole region. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2345ACT2326zf93figs-123person0Claudius Lysias to the most excellent Governor Felix, greetings
2346ACT2326u2ih0to the most excellent Governor Felix

to Governor Felix who deserves greatest honors

2347ACT2327zr7lfigs-synecdoche0This man was arrested by the Jews
2348ACT2327ha13figs-activepassive0was about to be killed
2349ACT2327v78t0I came upon them with soldiers

I with my soldiers arrived at the place where Paul and these Jews were

2350ACT2328lb1a0General Information:
2351ACT2328lb1a0General Information:
2352ACT2328lb1afigs-you0General Information:
2353ACT2328pmq70Connecting Statement:

The chief captain ends his letter to Governor Felix.

2354ACT2329zt4ffigs-activepassive0that he was being accused about questions concerning
2355ACT2329wsh2figs-abstractnouns0but that there was no accusation against him that deserved death or imprisonment
2356ACT2330i2jifigs-activepassive0Then it was made known to me
2357ACT2331ifs1translate-names0General Information:
2358ACT2331s9rf0Connecting Statement:

This ends Paul's time under arrest in Jerusalem and begins his time of arrest in Caesarea with Governor Felix.

2359ACT2331ny4k0So the soldiers obeyed their orders
2360ACT2331ptv40They took Paul and brought him by night
2361ACT2334u44w0General Information:
2362ACT2334dtx1figs-quotations0he asked what province Paul was from. When
2363ACT2335dwv2figs-quotations0he said
2364ACT2335uji10I will hear you fully

I will listen to all you have to say

2365ACT2335mga20he commanded him to be kept
2366ACT24introj74u0
2367ACT241qw1rfigs-you0General Information:
2368ACT241bc8k0Connecting Statement:

Paul is on trial in Caesarea. Tertullus presents Governor Felix with the charges against Paul.

2369ACT241e8rp0After five days

five days after the Roman soldiers took Paul to Caesarea

2370ACT241n9gutranslate-names0Ananias

This is the name of a man. This is not the same Ananias as in Acts 5:1 nor the same Ananias as in Acts 9:10. See how you translated this in Acts 23:1. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2371ACT241f3vx0an orator
2372ACT241xm6ctranslate-names0Tertullus

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2373ACT241q7wj0went there

went to Caesarea where Paul was

2374ACT241nq9x0before the governor

in the presence of the governor who was judge in the court

2375ACT241zm5e0brought charges against Paul

began to argue the case before the governor that Paul had broken the law.

2376ACT242e6zgfigs-exclusive0we have great peace
2377ACT242sv8c0and your foresight brings good reform to our nation

and your planning has greatly improved our nation

2378ACT243r5jl0so with all thankfulness we welcome everything that you do
2379ACT243q3fj0most excellent Felix
2380ACT244tyq8figs-exclusive0General Information:
2381ACT244jww20So that I detain you no more
2382ACT244xfm50briefly listen to me with kindness

kindly listen to my short speech

2383ACT245i1qsfigs-metaphor0this man to be a pest
2384ACT245k1v1figs-hyperbole0all the Jews throughout the world
2385ACT245zg4afigs-explicit0He is a leader of the Nazarene sect
2386ACT245n6zb0sect

This is a smaller group of people within a larger group group. Tertullus considers the Christians to be a small group within Judaism.

2387ACT247ujn8figs-you0General Information:
2388ACT247xkr40Connecting Statement:

Tertullus finishes presenting the charges against Paul before Governor Felix.

2389ACT248e26a0to learn about these charges we are bringing against him
2390ACT249rq5ffigs-synecdoche0The Jews

This refers to the Jewish leaders who were there at Paul's trial. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

2391ACT2410my1c0General Information:
2392ACT2410ict80Connecting Statement:

Paul responds to Governor Felix about the charges brought against him.

2393ACT2410s92a0the governor motioned

the governor gestured

2394ACT2410uu7afigs-metonymy0a judge to this nation
2395ACT2410sr5t0explain myself

explain my situation

2396ACT2411dr4utranslate-numbers0twelve days since
2397ACT2412wbf6figs-metaphor0I did not stir up a crowd
2398ACT2413m3yk0the accusations
2399ACT2414c5xa0I confess this to you

I acknowledge this to you

2400ACT2414k79p0that according to the Way
2401ACT2414rqu30they call a sect
2402ACT2414cg730in that same way I serve the God of our fathers
2403ACT2415nv5a0as these men
2404ACT2415qza8figs-abstractnouns0that there will be a resurrection of both the righteous and the wicked
2405ACT2415x1ydfigs-nominaladj0the righteous and the wicked
2406ACT2416sfw40I always strive
2407ACT2416kcg8figs-metonymy0to have a clear conscience before God
2408ACT2416va3b0before God

in the presence of God

2409ACT2417p92m0Now

This word marks a shift in Paul's argument. Here he explains the situation in Jerusalem when some of the Jews arrested him.

2410ACT2417py9v0after many years

after many years away from Jerusalem

2411ACT2417ryk6figs-go0I came to bring help to my nation and gifts of money
2412ACT2418pk2m0in a purification ceremony in the temple

in the temple after I had finished a ceremony to purify myself

2413ACT2418x6iyfigs-explicit0not with a crowd or an uproar
2414ACT2419s5280These men

The Jews from Asia

2415ACT2419ntg30if they have anything

if they have anything to say

2416ACT2420npt50Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes responding to Governor Felix about the charges brought against him.

2417ACT2420ag5d0these same men

This refers to the members of the council who were present in Jerusalem at Paul's trial.

2418ACT2420hnt90should say what wrong they found in me

should say the wrong thing I did that they were able to prove

2419ACT2421ds1sfigs-abstractnouns0It is concerning the resurrection of the dead
2420ACT2421d2lmfigs-activepassive0I am on trial before you today
2421ACT2422w1tntranslate-names0General Information:

Felix is the Roman governor of the area who resides at Caesarea. See how you translated this name in Acts 23:24. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2422ACT2422a87f0the Way

This is a title for Christianity. See how you translated this in Acts 9:2.

2423ACT2422y3pg0When Lysias the commander comes down
2424ACT2422k1f70Lysias

This is the name of the chief captain. See how you translated this name in Acts 23:26.

2425ACT2422z5f90comes down from Jerusalem

Jerusalem was higher than Caesarea so it was normal for them to speak of coming down from Jerusalem.

2426ACT2422ldi80I will decide your case
2427ACT2423sxy20have some freedom

grant Paul some freedom not otherwise granted to prisoners

2428ACT2424wus40After some days

After several days

2429ACT2424qy9ytranslate-names0Drusilla his wife

Drusilla is a woman's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2430ACT2424xmq5figs-explicit0a Jewess
2431ACT2425b8v10Felix became frightened

Felix may have felt conviction of his sins.

2432ACT2425p8yi0for now

for the present time

2433ACT2426h4v70Paul to give money to him

Felix was hoping Paul would offer him a bribe to set him free.

2434ACT2426n45p0so he often sent for him and spoke with him

so Felix often sent for Paul and spoke with Paul

2435ACT2427ur2ytranslate-names0Porcius Festus

This was the new roman Governor who replaced Felix. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2436ACT2427p59cfigs-synecdoche0wanted to gain favor with the Jews
2437ACT2427gln60he left Paul to continue under guard

he left Paul in prison

2438ACT25introb6uk0
2439ACT251c84u0General Information:

Festus becomes the governor of Caesarea. See how you translated this name in Acts 24:27.

2440ACT251tj760Connecting Statement:

Paul continues to be a prisoner in Caesarea.

2441ACT251w8h30Now

This word marks the beginning of a new event in the story.

2442ACT251i7t90Festus entered the province

Possible meanings are 1) Festus arrived in the area to begin his rule or 2) Festus simply arrived in the area.

2443ACT251zz4l0he went from Caesarea up to Jerusalem
2444ACT252qnc8figs-metaphor0The chief priest and the prominent Jews brought accusations against Paul
2445ACT252uj5p0they urged him
2446ACT253w8um0asked him for a favor
2447ACT253qz460that Festus might summon Paul to Jerusalem
2448ACT253pg8x0so that they could kill him along the way

They were going to ambush Paul.

2449ACT254p3ttfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2450ACT254v5f9figs-quotations0Festus answered that Paul was being held at Caesarea, and that he himself was going there soon.
2451ACT255a54hwriting-quotations0
2452ACT255iz980If there is something wrong with the man

If Paul has done something wrong

2453ACT255nei60you should accuse him
2454ACT256fi270General Information:
2455ACT256s69c0down to Caesarea

Jerusalem is higher geographically than Caesarea. It was common to speak of coming down from Jerusalem.

2456ACT256qv24figs-metonymy0sat in the judgment seat
2457ACT256j7c5figs-activepassive0Paul to be brought to him
2458ACT257v4v80When he arrived

When he came and stood before Festus

2459ACT257e7g2figs-metaphor0they brought many serious charges
2460ACT258hc3wfigs-synecdoche0against the temple
2461ACT259m49r0Connecting Statement:

Paul asks to be taken before Caesar for judgment.

2462ACT259b49xfigs-synecdoche0wanted to gain the favor of the Jews
2463ACT259qe8h0to go up to Jerusalem

Jerusalem was higher geographically than Caesarea. It was common to speak of going up to Jerusalem.

2464ACT259wi2dfigs-activepassive0and to be judged by me about these things there
2465ACT2510u1effigs-metonymy0I stand before the judgment seat of Caesar where I must be judged
2466ACT2511el9dfigs-hypo0Though if I have done wrong ... no one may hand me over to them

Paul is stating a hypothetical situation. If he were guilty, he would accept the punishment, but he knows that he is not guilty. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])

2467ACT2511ta550if I have done what is worthy of death

if I have done some wrong that deserves the death penalty

2468ACT2511hxr10if their accusations are nothing

if the charges against me are not true

2469ACT2511hr230no one may hand me over to them

Possible meanings are 1) Festus does not have the legal authority to hand Paul over to these false accusers or 2) Paul was saying that if he has done nothing wrong, the governor should not give into the request of the Jews.

2470ACT2511b1bf0I appeal to Caesar

I ask that I go before Caesar so he can judge me

2471ACT2512t96z0with the council
2472ACT2513izu8writing-participants0General Information:

King Agrippa and Bernice are new people in the story. Though he ruled over only a few territories, King Agrippa is the current reigning king in Palestine. Bernice is Agrippa's sister.(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2473ACT2513ge5h0Connecting Statement:

Festus explains Paul's case to King Agrippa.

2474ACT2513c3gc0Now

This word marks the beginning of a new event in the story.

2475ACT2513ukd30to pay an official visit to Festus

to visit Festus concerning official matters

2476ACT2514x8jffigs-activepassive0A certain man was left behind here by Felix as a prisoner
2477ACT2514z7yw0Felix

Felix was the Roman governor of the area who resided in Caesarea. See how you translated this name in Acts 23:24.

2478ACT2515b6hxfigs-metaphor0brought charges against this man
2479ACT2515hyp5figs-abstractnouns0they asked for a sentence of condemnation against him
2480ACT2516e4tkfigs-metaphor0to hand over anyone
2481ACT2516xjb4figs-idiom0before the accused had faced his accusers
2482ACT2517z6g20Therefore
2483ACT2517rm5z0when they came together here

when the Jewish leaders came to meet with me here

2484ACT2517efe2figs-metonymy0I sat in the judgment seat
2485ACT2517hm6gfigs-activepassive0I ordered the man to be brought in
2486ACT2519d1qm0their own religion
2487ACT2520y9bvfigs-idiom0to stand trial there about these charges
2488ACT2521yli30Connecting Statement:

Festus finishes explaining Paul's case to King Agrippa.

2489ACT2521ie7xfigs-activepassive0But when Paul appealed to be kept in custody while awaiting the decision of the emperor
2490ACT2521ceq2figs-activepassive0I ordered him to be held in custody
2491ACT2522t322writing-quotations0
2492ACT2523y1yj0General Information:

Though he ruled over only a few territories, Agrippa was the current reigning king in Palestine. Bernice was his sister. See how you translated these names in Acts 25:13.

2493ACT2523qlm50Connecting Statement:

Festus again gives information about Paul's case to King Agrippa.

2494ACT2523yw760with much ceremony

with a great ceremony to honor them

2495ACT2523ldb70the hall

This was a large room where people gathered for ceremonies, trials, and other events.

2496ACT2523at4tfigs-activepassive0Paul was brought to them
2497ACT2524n8qjfigs-hyperbole0all the multitude of Jews
2498ACT2524ae3v0they shouted to me

they spoke very strongly to me

2499ACT2524yv2qfigs-litotes0he should no longer live
2500ACT2525fe2nfigs-you0General Information:
2501ACT2525f6hy0because he appealed to the emperor

because he said that he wanted the emperor to judge him

2502ACT2525g8560the emperor

The emperor was the ruler of the Roman empire. He ruled over many countries and provinces.

2503ACT2526jcq20I have brought him to you, especially to you, King Agrippa

I have brought Paul to all of you, but especially to you, King Agrippa.

2504ACT2526rhy20so that I might have something more to write
2505ACT2527txs6figs-doublenegatives0it seems unreasonable for me to send a prisoner and to not also state
2506ACT2527xm650the charges against him

Possible meanings are 1) the accusations that the Jewish leaders have brought against him or 2) the charges under Roman law that apply to Paul's case.

2507ACT26introe2q60

Acts 26 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This is the third account of Paul's conversion in the book of Acts. Because this is such an important event in the early church, there are three accounts of Paul's conversion. (See: Acts 9 and Acts 22)

Paul told the King Agrippa why he had done what he had done and that the governor should not punish him for that.

Special concepts in this chapter

Light and darkness

The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases God, as if they were walking around in darkness. It speaks of light as if it were what enables those sinful people to become righteous, to understand what they are doing wrong and begin to obey God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])

2508ACT261b34d0Connecting Statement:

Festus has brought Paul before King Agrippa. In verse 2, Paul gives his defense to King Agrippa.

2509ACT261gz9f0Agrippa

Agrippa was the current reigning king in Palestine, though he ruled over only a few territories. See how you translated this name in Acts 25:13.

2510ACT261wme60stretched out his hand
2511ACT261vni8figs-abstractnouns0made his defense
2512ACT262ha470I regard myself as happy

Paul was happy because he considered his appearance before Agrippa to be an opportunity to speak about the gospel.

2513ACT262xhz10to make my case
2514ACT262mdq2figs-abstractnouns0against all the accusations of the Jews
2515ACT262cbr3figs-synecdoche0the Jews
2516ACT263kns2figs-explicit0questions
2517ACT264t8bgfigs-hyperbole0all the Jews
2518ACT264x96h0in my own nation

Possible meanings are 1) among his own people, not necessarily in the geographical land of Israel or 2) in the land of Israel.

2519ACT265y9a10the strictest party of our religion

a group within Judaism who live by very strict rules

2520ACT266xkp9figs-you0General Information:
2521ACT266s9kr0Now

This word marks a shift from Paul discussing his past to talking about himself in the present.

2522ACT266i9y5figs-activepassive0I stand here to be judged
2523ACT266r42gfigs-metaphor0of my certain hope in the promise made by God to our fathers
2524ACT267hnf1figs-metonymy0For this is the promise that our twelve tribes sought to receive
2525ACT267apf2figs-metaphor0the promise ... sought to receive

This speaks about a promise as if it were an object that can be received. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2526ACT267kzg4figs-merism0worshiped God night and day
2527ACT267c4lmfigs-synecdoche0that the Jews
2528ACT268de83figs-rquestion0Why should any of you think it is unbelievable that God raises the dead?
2529ACT268ukk60raises the dead
2530ACT269hm330Now indeed

Paul uses this phrase to mark another shift in his defense. He is now beginning to describe how he formerly persecuted Jesus' people.

2531ACT269r4dffigs-metonymy0against the name of Jesus
2532ACT2610nys7figs-activepassive0when they were killed, I cast my vote against them
2533ACT2611rri60I punished them many times

Possible meanings are 1) Paul punished some believers many times or 2) Paul punished many different believers.

2534ACT2612p55i0Connecting Statement:

While talking to King Agrippa, Paul tells about when the Lord spoke with him.

2535ACT2612us8d0While I was doing this

Paul uses this phrase to mark another shift in his defense. He is now telling about when he saw Jesus and became his disciple.

2536ACT2612h3ic0While

This word is used to mark two events that are happening at the same time. In this case, Paul went to Damascus during the time when he persecuted Christians.

2537ACT2612ajp60with authority and orders

Paul had written letters from the Jewish leaders, granting him authority to persecute the Jewish believers.

2538ACT2614sip5figs-metonymy0I heard a voice speaking to me that said
2539ACT2614du3t0Saul, Saul, why do you persecute me?
2540ACT2614zsi2figs-metaphor0It is hard for you to kick a goad
2541ACT2615h2ws0Connecting Statement:

Paul continues giving his defense to King Agrippa. In these verses he continues quoting his conversation with the Lord.

2542ACT2618fk1kfigs-metaphor0to open their eyes

Helping people to understand the truth is spoken of as if a person were literally helping someone to open his eyes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2543ACT2618gw8ffigs-metaphor0to turn them from darkness to light

Helping someone to stop doing what is evil and to start trusting and obeying God is spoken of as if the person is literally leading someone out of a dark place into a place of light. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2544ACT2618q3h8figs-metaphor0to turn them ... from the power of Satan to God

Helping someone to stop obeying Satan and to start obeying God is spoken of as if a person were literally turning a person and taking them from the place where Satan rules and leading him to the place where God rules. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2545ACT2618m65ifigs-abstractnouns0they may receive from God the forgiveness of sins
2546ACT2618wq4qfigs-abstractnouns0the inheritance that I give
2547ACT2618m9vefigs-metaphor0the inheritance

The blessings that Jesus gives to those who believe in him are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that children receive from their father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2548ACT2618c5ijfigs-metaphor0sanctified by faith in me

Jesus choosing some people to belong to him is spoken of as if he literally set them apart from other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2549ACT2618bgc50by faith in me
2550ACT2619ljx20Therefore
2551ACT2619zv2ufigs-doublenegatives0I did not disobey
2552ACT2619sn4hfigs-metonymy0the heavenly vision
2553ACT2620fei4figs-metaphor0turn to God
2554ACT2620h1v2figs-abstractnouns0doing deeds worthy of repentance
2555ACT2621tl6tfigs-synecdoche0the Jews
2556ACT2622n5hn0Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes giving his defense to King Agrippa.

2557ACT2622t8f40to the common people and to the great ones about nothing
2558ACT2622f6py0about nothing more than what
2559ACT2622i9ki0what the prophets

Paul is referring to the collective writings of the Old Testament prophets.

2560ACT2623pe9hfigs-explicit0that Christ must suffer
2561ACT2623p9t80to rise

to come back to life

2562ACT2623sc5f0from the dead
2563ACT2623z2msfigs-metaphor0he would proclaim light
2564ACT2624h5b90Connecting Statement:

Paul and King Agrippa continue to talk together.

2565ACT2624dvn20you are insane
2566ACT2624tk270your great learning makes you insane

you have learned so much that you are now crazy

2567ACT2625dur9figs-doublenegatives0I am not insane ... but
2568ACT2625a6pb0most excellent Festus

Festus, who deserves highest honors

2569ACT2626ed7yfigs-123person0For the king ... to him ... from him
2570ACT2626cs7b0I speak freely
2571ACT2626svn9figs-activepassive0I am persuaded
2572ACT2626tta8figs-activepassive0that none of this is hidden from him
2573ACT2626v1uufigs-activepassive0has not been done in a corner
2574ACT2626i5wgfigs-metaphor0in a corner
2575ACT2627a4a2figs-rquestion0Do you believe the prophets, King Agrippa?
2576ACT2628y8qqfigs-rquestion0In a short time would you persuade me and make me a Christian?
2577ACT2629k7kqfigs-metonymy0but without these prison chains
2578ACT2630k7jh0General Information:

Bernice was the sister of King Agrippa (Acts 25:13).

2579ACT2630gaq50Connecting Statement:

This ends Paul's time before King Agrippa.

2580ACT2630u8vl0Then the king stood up, and the governor

Then King Agrippa stood up, and Governor Festus

2581ACT2631q1tw0the hall

This is a large room for ceremonies, trials, and other events.

2582ACT2631blz8figs-abstractnouns0This man does nothing worthy of death or of bonds
2583ACT2632n293figs-activepassive0This man could have been freed
2584ACT27intror82x0

Acts 27 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Sailing

People who lived near the sea traveled by boat powered by the wind. During some months of the year, the wind would blow in the wrong direction or so hard that sailing was impossible.

Trust

Paul trusted God to bring him safely to land. He told the sailers and soldiers to trust that God would also keep them alive. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])

Paul breaks bread

Luke uses almost the same words here to describe Paul taking bread, thanking God, breaking it, and eating it that he used to describe the last supper Jesus ate with his disciples. However, your translation should not make your reader think that Paul was leading a religious celebration here.

2585ACT271efe4figs-exclusive0General Information:
2586ACT271dyf50Connecting Statement:

Paul, as a prisoner, begins his journey to Rome.

2587ACT271b2yzfigs-activepassive0When it was decided
2588ACT271yv840sail for Italy
2589ACT271s6ny0they put Paul and some other prisoners under the charge of a centurion named Julius of the Imperial Regiment

they put a centurion named Julius, of the Imperial Regiment, in charge of Paul and some other prisoners

2590ACT271k52u0they put Paul and some other prisoners
2591ACT271un2stranslate-names0a centurion named Julius

Julius is a man's name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2592ACT271d22ftranslate-names0the Imperial Regiment
2593ACT272dnr9figs-metonymy0We boarded a ship ... which was about to sail
2594ACT272fqy20a ship from Adramyttium

Possible meanings are 1) a ship that had come from Adramyttium or 2) a ship that was registered or licensed in Adramyttium.

2595ACT272f8pf0about to sail
2596ACT272m3ps0went to sea

began our journey on the sea

2597ACT272h3uy0Aristarchus

Aristarchus came from Macedonia but had been working with Paul in Ephesus. See how you translated his name in Acts 19:29.

2598ACT273r71efigs-exclusive0General Information:
2599ACT273u6lt0Julius treated Paul kindly
2600ACT273rp73figs-abstractnouns0go to his friends to receive their care
2601ACT274d4hg0we went to sea and sailed

we started sailing and went

2602ACT274mjt80sailed under the lee of Cyprus, close to the island
2603ACT275g1t70Pamphylia

This was a province in Asia Minor. See how you translated this in Acts 2:10.

2604ACT275y6m6figs-explicit0we landed at Myra, a city of Lycia
2605ACT275ni2xtranslate-names0landed at Myra

Myra is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2606ACT275uaf4translate-names0a city of Lycia

Lycia was a Roman province, located on the southwestern coast of modern-day Turkey. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2607ACT276j4cffigs-explicit0found a ship from Alexandria that was going to sail to Italy
2608ACT276fdq2translate-names0Alexandria

This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2609ACT277zzw1figs-explicit0When we had sailed slowly ... finally arrived with difficulty

You can make explicit that the reason they were sailing slowly and with difficulty was because the wind was blowing against them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2610ACT277pye5translate-names0near Cnidus

This is an ancient settlement located in modern-day Turkey. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2611ACT277hhf10the wind no longer allowed us to go that way

we could no longer go that way because of the strong wind

2612ACT277b7460so we sailed along the sheltered side of Crete

so we sailed along the side of Crete where there was less wind

2613ACT277mq4ntranslate-names0opposite Salmone

This is a coastal city in Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2614ACT278p4rifigs-explicit0We sailed along the coast with difficulty

You can make explicit that even though the winds were not as strong as before, they were still strong enough to make sailing difficult. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2615ACT278a64ytranslate-names0Fair Havens

This was a port near Lasea, located on the south coast of Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2616ACT278n7retranslate-names0near the city of Lasea

This is a coastal city in Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2617ACT279ea4l0We had now taken much time

Because of the direction the wind was blowing, the journey from Caesarea to Fair Havens had taken more time than planned.

2618ACT279vlu4figs-exclusive0We had now taken

The writer includes himself, Paul, and those who were traveling with them, but not the reader. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])

2619ACT279u6x50the time of the Jewish fast also had passed, and it had now become dangerous to sail

This fast took place on the Day of Atonement, which was usually either in the last part of September or the first part of October according to Western calendars. After this time, there was a higher risk of seasonal storms.

2620ACT2710p29v0I see that the voyage we are about to take will be with injury and much loss

if we travel now, we will suffer much injury and loss

2621ACT2710wq8lfigs-inclusive0we are about to take ... our lives

Paul includes himself and his hearers, so this is inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])

2622ACT2710nx9c0loss, not only of the cargo and the ship, but also of our lives
2623ACT2710q9xt0not only of the cargo and the ship
2624ACT2711b1kzfigs-activepassive0that were spoken by Paul
2625ACT2712l2n4figs-activepassive0harbor was not easy to spend the winter in
2626ACT2712jmi30harbor

a place near land that is usually safe for ships

2627ACT2712k2titranslate-names0city of Phoenix

Phoenix is a city port on the south coast of Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2628ACT2712z1lffigs-metaphor0to spend the winter there
2629ACT2712x6vl0facing both southwest and northwest
2630ACT2712gyd20southwest and northwest
2631ACT2713xx670weighed anchor
2632ACT2714hv8h0Connecting Statement:

Paul and those traveling on the boat encounter a fierce storm.

2633ACT2714m2xe0after a short time

after a little while

2634ACT2714fs4z0a wind of hurricane force

a very strong, dangerous wind

2635ACT2714g1ektranslate-transliterate0called the northeaster
2636ACT2714tz2k0began to beat down from the island

came in from the island of Crete, and it blew strongly against our ship

2637ACT2715fxp10When the ship was caught by the storm and could no longer head into the wind

When the wind blew so strongly against the front of the ship that we could not sail against it

2638ACT2715w1hlfigs-activepassive0we had to give way to the storm and were driven along by the wind
2639ACT2716c4cg0We sailed along the lee of a small island

We sailed on the side of the island where the wind was not so strong

2640ACT2716aq56translate-names0a small island called Cauda

This island was located on the south coast of Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2641ACT2716h9z20lifeboat

This is a smaller boat that is sometimes pulled behind the ship, and sometimes it was brought onto the ship and tied down. The smaller boat was used for various reasons, including escaping from a sinking ship.

2642ACT2717v9ag0they had hoisted the lifeboat up
2643ACT2717tx1f0they used its ropes to bind the hull of the ship
2644ACT2717dvv4translate-names0sandbars of Syrtis

Sandbars are very shallow areas in the sea where ships can get stuck in the sand. Syrtis is located on the coast of Libya, northern Africa. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2645ACT2717l8kl0they lowered the sea anchor

They put the ship's anchor in the water in order to slow down where the wind would blow them.

2646ACT2717v6dn0anchor

An anchor is a heavy object attached to a rope that is secured to the boat. The anchor is tossed into the water and sinks to the bottom of the sea keeping the ship from drifting about. See how you translated this in Acts 27:13.

2647ACT2717g7rwfigs-activepassive0were driven along
2648ACT2718fx4mfigs-activepassive0We took such a violent battering by the storm
2649ACT2718nd5h0they began throwing the cargo overboard
2650ACT2718ny6k0cargo
2651ACT2719vm2k0the sailors threw overboard the ship's equipment with their own hands
2652ACT2720if7a0When the sun and stars did not shine on us for many days

They could not see the sun and stars because of the dark storm clouds. Sailors needed to see the sun and stars in order to know where they were and what direction they were headed.

2653ACT2720p2wd0the great storm still beat upon us

the terrible storm still blew us roughly back and forth

2654ACT2720mnj5figs-activepassive0any more hope that we should be saved was abandoned
2655ACT2721mmb20Connecting Statement:

Paul speaks to the sailors on the ship.

2656ACT2721d1lefigs-explicit0When they had gone long without food
2657ACT2721zns20among the sailors

among the men

2658ACT2721bc1x0so as to get this injury and loss

and as a result suffer this harm and loss

2659ACT2722d95rfigs-explicit0there will be no loss of life among you
2660ACT2722djh40but only the loss of the ship
2661ACT2724z1j8figs-metonymy0You must stand before Caesar
2662ACT2724s3wv0has given to you all those who are sailing with you

has decided to allow all those who are sailing with you to live

2663ACT2725r9t8figs-activepassive0just as it was told to me
2664ACT2726vmp60we must run aground upon some island

we must steer our boat so that it wrecks on some island

2665ACT2727im340Connecting Statement:

The fierce storm continues.

2666ACT2727rrm5translate-ordinal0When the fourteenth night had come
2667ACT2727la7ufigs-activepassive0as we were driven this way and that
2668ACT2727afs6translate-names0the Adriatic Sea

This is the sea between Italy and Greece. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2669ACT2728ruj10They took soundings
2670ACT2728tq53translate-numbers0found twenty fathoms
2671ACT2728ig3mtranslate-numbers0found fifteen fathoms
2672ACT2729b1qc0anchors

An anchor is a heavy object attached to a rope that is secured to the boat. The anchor is tossed into the water and sinks to the bottom of the sea, keeping the ship from drifting about. See how you translated this in Acts 27:13.

2673ACT2729q4am0from the stern

from the back of the ship

2674ACT2730br71figs-you0General Information:
2675ACT2730b4wv0the lifeboat

This is a smaller boat that is sometimes pulled behind the ship and sometime it was brought onto the ship and tied down. The smaller boat was used for various reasons, including escaping from a sinking ship. See how you translated this in Acts 27:16.

2676ACT2730rr890from the bow

from the front of the ship

2677ACT2731ez5cfigs-doublenegatives0Unless these men stay in the ship, you cannot be saved
2678ACT2733q3y80When daylight was coming on

When it was almost sunrise

2679ACT2733j5ygtranslate-ordinal0This day is the fourteenth day that
2680ACT2734j3qxfigs-idiom0not one of you will lose a single hair from his head
2681ACT2735yh7y0broke the bread
2682ACT2736zt9qfigs-activepassive0Then they were all encouraged
2683ACT2737ynq3translate-numbers0We were 276 people in the ship
2684ACT2739vdk20bay

a large area of water partly surrounded by land

2685ACT2739r1bx0did not recognize the land

saw land but could not recognize it as any place they knew

2686ACT2740k66v0cut loose the anchors and left them

cut the ropes and left the anchors behind

2687ACT2740ntr90rudders

large oars or pieces of wood at the back of the ship used for steering

2688ACT2740cn2w0the foresail
2689ACT2740pa1k0they headed to the beach

they steered the ship toward the beach

2690ACT2741y22n0they came to a place where two currents met

A current is water flowing in one continuous direction. Sometimes more than one water current can flow across another. This may cause the sand under the water to pile up making the water more shallow.

2691ACT2741cpu50The bow of the ship

The front of the ship

2692ACT2741v35z0the stern

the back of the ship

2693ACT2742qul70The soldiers' plan was

The soldiers were planning

2694ACT2743s2sz0so he stopped their plan

so he stopped them from doing what they planned to do

2695ACT2743br8u0jump overboard

jump off the ship into the water

2696ACT2744hw7p0some on planks

some on wooden boards

2697ACT28introw8yn0
2698ACT281p1bdfigs-exclusive0General Information:
2699ACT281twx80Connecting Statement:

After the shipwreck, people on the island of Malta helped Paul and everyone on the ship. They stay there for 3 months.

2700ACT281j1yffigs-activepassive0When we were brought safely through
2701ACT281tt1ifigs-exclusive0we learned
2702ACT281f8y4translate-names0the island was called Malta

Malta is an island located south of the modern-day island of Sicily. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2703ACT282e7w60The native people

The local people

2704ACT282v8yhfigs-metaphor0offered to us not just ordinary kindness
2705ACT282r7jyfigs-litotes0not just ordinary kindness
2706ACT282z9cp0they lit a fire

they put together twigs and branches and burned them

2707ACT282itw20welcomed us all
2708ACT283g4ad0a viper came out

a poisonous snake came out of the bundle of sticks

2709ACT283xmx40fastened onto his hand

bit Paul's hand and did not let go

2710ACT284ye7h0This man certainly is a murderer
2711ACT284ma1bfigs-explicit0yet justice
2712ACT285q5i30shook the animal into the fire

shook his hand so that the snake fell from his hand into the fire

2713ACT285asr80suffered no harm

Paul was not hurt at all

2714ACT286m11i0become inflamed with a fever

Possible meanings are 1) his body would swell because of the snake venom or 2) he would become very hot with fever.

2715ACT286i6i6figs-doublenegatives0nothing was unusual with him
2716ACT286u81ufigs-metaphor0they changed their minds
2717ACT286cfe9figs-quotations0said that he was a god.
2718ACT286d1rj0said that he was a god

Perhaps there was a belief that someone who lived after a poisonous snake bite was divine or a god.

2719ACT287f4safigs-exclusive0General Information:
2720ACT287r95r0Now in a nearby place
2721ACT287wx6t0chief man of the island

Possible meanings are 1) the main leader of the people or 2) someone who was the most important person on the island, perhaps because of his wealth.

2722ACT287wh2dtranslate-names0a man named Publius

This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2723ACT288g12twriting-background0It happened that the father of Publius ... fever and dysentery

This is background information about Publius' father that is important to understanding the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

2724ACT288m154figs-activepassive0had been made ill
2725ACT288fr460ill with a fever and dysentery

Dysentery is an infectious intestinal disease.

2726ACT288pwk50placed his hands on him

touched him with his hands

2727ACT289yk6ufigs-activepassive0were healed
2728ACT2810ydg40honored us with many honors

Probably they honored Paul and those with him by giving them gifts.

2729ACT2811jc5tfigs-explicit0General Information:

The Twin Brothers refers to Castor and Pollux, the twin sons of Zeus, a Greek god. They were thought to be protectors of ships. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

2730ACT2811be1c0Connecting Statement:

Paul's journey to Rome continues.

2731ACT2811qi6e0that had spent the winter at the island

that the crew left at the island for the cold season

2732ACT2811cm2t0a ship of Alexandria

Possible meanings are this refers to 1) a ship that came from Alexandria, or 2) a ship that was registered or licensed in Alexandria.

2733ACT2811em5p0the twin gods
2734ACT2812w5c6translate-names0city of Syracuse

Syracuse is a city on the southeast coast of the modern-day island of Sicily, just southwest of Italy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2735ACT2813se8vtranslate-names0General Information:

The Market of Appius and The Three Taverns was a popular market and inn on the main highway called the Appian Way, about 50 kilometers south of the city of Rome. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2736ACT2813z2u4translate-names0city of Rhegium

This is the port city located at the southwestern tip of Italy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2737ACT2813p6330a south wind sprang up

the wind began to blow from the south

2738ACT2813tz4htranslate-names0city of Puteoli

Puteoli is located in modern-day Naples on the west coast of Italy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

2739ACT2814m1is0There we found

There we met

2740ACT2814n3twfigs-gendernotations0brothers
2741ACT2814a2c5figs-activepassive0were invited
2742ACT2814bc3j0In this way we came to Rome
2743ACT2815k7540after they heard about us

after they heard we were coming

2744ACT2815m9tzfigs-metaphor0he thanked God and took courage
2745ACT2816fib2figs-exclusive0General Information:
2746ACT2816hf2t0Connecting Statement:

Paul arrives in Rome as a prisoner but with the freedom to stay in his own place. He calls the local Jews together to explain what has happened to him.

2747ACT2816te8vfigs-activepassive0When we entered Rome, Paul was allowed to
2748ACT2817vf7r0Then it came about that

This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

2749ACT2817d77z0the leaders among the Jews

These are the Jewish civil or religious leaders present in Rome.

2750ACT2817e1dd0Brothers
2751ACT2817g55i0against the people
2752ACT2817hgk4figs-activepassive0I was delivered as a prisoner from Jerusalem into the hands of the Romans
2753ACT2817x3r2figs-metonymy0into the hands of the Romans
2754ACT2818fed70there was no reason in me for a death penalty

I had done nothing to cause them to execute me

2755ACT2819lr96figs-synecdoche0the Jews
2756ACT2819zk8f0spoke against their desire

complained about what the Roman authorities wanted to do

2757ACT2819n6vffigs-activepassive0I was forced to appeal to Caesar
2758ACT2819e7grfigs-activepassive0although it is not as if I were bringing any accusation against my nation
2759ACT2820b1fd0the certain hope of Israel

Possible meanings are 1) the people of Israel confidently expect the Messiah to come or 2) the people of Israel confidently expect God to bring those who have died back to life.

2760ACT2820n3s7figs-metonymy0Israel
2761ACT2820pgr8figs-metonymy0that I am bound with this chain
2762ACT2821x5d5figs-exclusive0General Information:
2763ACT2821biz70Connecting Statement:

The Jewish leaders respond to Paul.

2764ACT2821y4bx0nor did any of the brothers
2765ACT2822kw1d0you think about this sect
2766ACT2822gy8tfigs-activepassive0because it is known by us
2767ACT2822j12vfigs-activepassive0it is spoken against everywhere
2768ACT2823u7pc0General Information:
2769ACT2823q4iv0had set a day for him

had chosen a time for him to speak to them

2770ACT2823dg5ffigs-metonymy0testified about the kingdom of God
2771ACT2823peu1figs-metonymy0from the prophets
2772ACT2824pmd6figs-activepassive0Some were convinced about the things which were said
2773ACT2825t5dq0General Information:
2774ACT2825i5xz0Connecting Statement:

As the Jewish leaders were ready to leave, Paul quotes the Old Testament scriptures that were appropriate for this time.

2775ACT2825n7pmfigs-metonymy0after Paul had spoken this one word
2776ACT2825b11nfigs-quotesinquotes0The Holy Spirit spoke well through Isaiah the prophet to your fathers.

This sentence contains quotations within quotations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])

2777ACT2826qj7qfigs-quotesinquotes0
2778ACT2826pax80By hearing you will hear ... and seeing you will see
2779ACT2826s1tifigs-parallelism0but not understand ... but will not perceive

Both of these phrases mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that the Jewish people will not understand God's plan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

2780ACT2827fz420General Information:

Translate Paul's quotation of Isaiah as a direct quotation or indirect quotation according to how you translated it in Acts 28:25-26.

2781ACT2827qu6t0Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes quoting Isaiah the prophet.

2782ACT2827ts5afigs-metaphor0For the heart of this people has become dull
2783ACT2827f5m4figs-metaphor0with their ears they hardly hear, and they have shut their eyes

People who stubbornly refuse to understand what God is saying or doing are spoken of as if they are unable to hear and are shutting their eyes so that they will see. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2784ACT2827lr99figs-metonymy0understand with their heart
2785ACT2827q8c2figs-metaphor0turn again

To start obeying God is spoken of as though the person were physically turning toward God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

2786ACT2827vb9f0I would heal them

This does not mean God will only heal them physically. He will also heal them spiritually by forgiving their sins.

2787ACT2828c5750Connecting Statement:

Paul finishes speaking to the Jewish leaders in Rome.

2788ACT2828b2zafigs-metaphor0this salvation of God has been sent to the Gentiles
2789ACT2828d18n0they will listen
2790ACT2830c56ewriting-endofstory0

Luke ends the story of Paul in the book of Acts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])

2791ACT2831wv1lfigs-metonymy0He was proclaiming the kingdom of God