en_tn/en_tn_23-ISA.tsv

1	Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNote
2	ISA	front	intro	l9fr			0
3	ISA	1	intro	q326			0		Isaiah 01 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 1:2-31, which is a vision Isaiah receives. These are the words of Yahweh. Special concepts in this chapter Woe The prophecy of this chapter serves as a warning to the people of the kingdom of Judah. If they do not change their evil ways, Yahweh will punish them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/woe]] and [[:[[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Metaphors There are many vivid metaphors used to describe Judah's sin. Their sin is described as a sickness that spreads. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) Rhetorical Questions Yahweh uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these questions is to convince the people of Judah of their sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
4	ISA	1	1	qur5			0	The vision of Isaiah ... that he saw
5	ISA	1	1	zfq5	translate-names		0	Amoz	Amoz was the father of Isaiah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
6	ISA	1	1	i66y	figs-metonymy		0	Judah and Jerusalem
7	ISA	1	1	qsh3	figs-idiom		0	in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah
8	ISA	1	2	qju5	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
9	ISA	1	2	m42x	figs-apostrophe		0	Hear, heavens, and give ear, earth
10	ISA	1	2	v1jh			0	Yahweh	This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
11	ISA	1	2	q3lw			0	I have nourished and brought up children, but they have rebelled against me	Words that Yahweh spoke and which Isaiah is speaking to the Israelites for Yahweh.
12	ISA	1	2	nn1n	figs-metaphor		0	I have nourished and brought up children
13	ISA	1	3	hsf5			0	The ox knows ... does not understand	Words that Yahweh spoke and which Isaiah is speaking to the Israelites for Yahweh.
14	ISA	1	3	k1dl	figs-ellipsis		0	the donkey his master's feeding trough
15	ISA	1	3	i9j2			0	but Israel does not know, Israel does not understand
16	ISA	1	3	gxd1	figs-metonymy		0	Israel
17	ISA	1	4	s8qu	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
18	ISA	1	4	blg2			0	Nation, sinners
19	ISA	1	4	w37n	figs-metaphor		0	a people weighed down with iniquity
20	ISA	1	4	j97s	figs-metaphor		0	offspring of evildoers
21	ISA	1	4	bwr8			0	act corruptly	do evil deeds
22	ISA	1	4	at1f			0	They have abandoned Yahweh	They have gone away from Yahweh
23	ISA	1	4	na87			0	have despised
24	ISA	1	4	z7gi			0	Israel	Judah is part of what had been the nation of Israel.
25	ISA	1	4	kv93			0	they have estranged themselves from him	Though at one time they were friends, they now treat him as though they do not know him.
26	ISA	1	5	epw9	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
27	ISA	1	5	xc8l	figs-rquestion		0	Why are you still being beaten? Why do you rebel more and more?
28	ISA	1	5	wax8	figs-you		0	you
29	ISA	1	5	gh9d	figs-metaphor		0	The whole head is sick, the whole heart is weak
30	ISA	1	6	v5ua	figs-doublenegatives		0	there is no part unharmed
31	ISA	1	6	txm6	figs-metaphor		0	they have not been closed, cleansed, bandaged, nor treated with oil
32	ISA	1	7	ei5u	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
33	ISA	1	7	e6tr	figs-activepassive		0	Your country is ruined
34	ISA	1	7	gv8j	figs-activepassive		0	your cities are burned
35	ISA	1	7	r1um			0	your fields—in your presence, strangers are destroying them	people who are not from your own country steal the crops from your fields while you watch
36	ISA	1	7	l3um	figs-abstractnouns		0	abandoned devastation
37	ISA	1	7	ygn5	figs-activepassive		0	overthrown by strangers
38	ISA	1	8	c1rf	figs-activepassive		0	The daughter of Zion is left
39	ISA	1	8	lkv3	figs-idiom		0	The daughter of Zion
40	ISA	1	8	xl8k	figs-simile		0	is left like a hut in a vineyard, like a shed in a garden of cucumbers
41	ISA	1	8	qnb3			0	like ... cucumbers, like a besieged city
42	ISA	1	9	cf1d	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
43	ISA	1	9	a3aq	figs-hypo		0	If Yahweh	This describes something that could have happened in the past but did not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
44	ISA	1	9	cy37			0	a small remnant	a few survivors
45	ISA	1	9	qe2a	figs-inclusive		0	us ... we	Here these words refer to Isaiah and includes all the people of Judah and Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
46	ISA	1	9	y4cq	figs-explicit		0	we would have been like Sodom, we would have been like Gomorrah
47	ISA	1	10	p3g9	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
48	ISA	1	10	vtc9	figs-metaphor		0	you rulers of Sodom ... you people of Gomorrah
49	ISA	1	11	r739	figs-rquestion		0	What is the multitude of your sacrifices to me?
50	ISA	1	12	z32c	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks Yahweh's words to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
51	ISA	1	12	p91g	figs-rquestion		0	who has required this of you, to trample my courts?
52	ISA	1	13	a4yw			0	Bring no more meaningless offerings	Do not bring me any more of your worthless gifts
53	ISA	1	13	qg5t	figs-abstractnouns		0	incense is an abomination to me
54	ISA	1	13	y2mq			0	I cannot tolerate these wicked assemblies
55	ISA	1	14	x2u9	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks Yahweh's words to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
56	ISA	1	14	u5nj	figs-metonymy		0	your new moons and your appointed feasts
57	ISA	1	14	f4rl			0	new moons	A new moon is when the moon first shows light after having been dark.
58	ISA	1	14	v251	figs-metaphor		0	they are a burden to me; I am tired of enduring them
59	ISA	1	15	tc81	figs-idiom		0	I hide my eyes from you
60	ISA	1	15	l6q5	figs-metonymy		0	your hands are full of blood
61	ISA	1	16	tc5d	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks Yahweh's words to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
62	ISA	1	16	kug1	figs-metaphor		0	Wash, cleanse yourselves
63	ISA	1	16	i5wc	figs-metaphor		0	remove the evil of your deeds from my sight
64	ISA	1	17	h8bt	figs-metaphor		0	make straight the oppression
65	ISA	1	17	btn7			0	give justice to the fatherless	be fair to the children who do not have fathers
66	ISA	1	17	q1c7			0	defend the widow	protect the women whose husbands have died
67	ISA	1	18	uns1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Judah.
68	ISA	1	18	nj1x			0	Come now, and let
69	ISA	1	18	j1pw	figs-inclusive		0	let us reason together
70	ISA	1	18	nf9s	figs-metaphor		0	though your sins are like scarlet, they will be white like snow; though they are red like crimson, they will be like wool	Isaiah is speaking of the people as if they were wearing clothes that were supposed to be white wool and of their sins as if they were red stains on the clothes. If Yahweh forgives their sins, it will be as if their clothes become white again. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
71	ISA	1	18	ep8f	figs-simile		0	like scarlet
72	ISA	1	18	yt5e	figs-simile		0	white like snow
73	ISA	1	18	qe12	figs-simile		0	red like crimson
74	ISA	1	18	e5qz	figs-explicit		0	like wool
75	ISA	1	19	pj53			0	General Information:	God continues to speak to the people of Judah.
76	ISA	1	19	wgy5	figs-hendiadys		0	If you are willing and obedient
77	ISA	1	19	wz1z			0	you will eat the good of the land	the land will produce good food for you to eat
78	ISA	1	20	e2cf			0	but if you refuse and rebel	but if you refuse to listen and instead disobey me
79	ISA	1	20	qs1e	figs-metonymy		0	the sword will devour you
80	ISA	1	20	m82k	figs-synecdoche		0	the mouth of Yahweh has spoken it
81	ISA	1	21	lhv6	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
82	ISA	1	21	bhm8	figs-metonymy		0	How the faithful city
83	ISA	1	21	v446	figs-metaphor		0	has become a prostitute
84	ISA	1	21	v25z	figs-metaphor		0	but now she is full of murderers
85	ISA	1	22	n46w	figs-metaphor		0	Your silver has become impure, your wine mixed with water
86	ISA	1	22	tbh7			0	silver ... impure	Someone needs to clean silver often or it will no longer shine brightly.
87	ISA	1	22	b14q			0	wine ... water	Wine with water in it has little taste and so is no better than water.
88	ISA	1	23	jw4m	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks Yahweh's words to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
89	ISA	1	23	z59p			0	Your princes are rebels	Your leaders rebel against God
90	ISA	1	23	r6i3			0	companions of thieves	they are friends with people who steal from others
91	ISA	1	23	auk9			0	bribes ... payoffs
92	ISA	1	23	q1cz	figs-metaphor		0	runs after payoffs
93	ISA	1	23	qzn3			0	They do not defend the fatherless	they do not protect those who do not have fathers
94	ISA	1	23	yi82			0	nor does the widow's legal plea come before them
95	ISA	1	24	ez3r	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah begins to speak Yahweh's words to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
96	ISA	1	24	g1g2			0	Therefore	For that reason
97	ISA	1	24	iza8	figs-123person		0	this is the declaration of the Lord Yahweh of hosts, the Mighty One of Israel
98	ISA	1	24	qk17	figs-parallelism		0	I will take vengeance against my adversaries, and avenge myself against my enemies
99	ISA	1	25	f62p	figs-metonymy		0	I will turn my hand against you
100	ISA	1	25	z1i3	figs-metaphor		0	refine away your dross as with lye
101	ISA	1	25	iah6			0	dross	This is the dirt and other things that people remove from metals so the metal will be pure.
102	ISA	1	26	y8y2	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
103	ISA	1	26	usx1			0	at the first ... at the beginning	These are two ways of speaking of the first part or beginning of Israel's history, when Israel first became a nation.
104	ISA	1	26	i1s1	figs-activepassive		0	you will be called
105	ISA	1	26	d4ji	figs-metonymy		0	the city of righteousness, a faithful town
106	ISA	1	27	glh4	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks Yahweh's words to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
107	ISA	1	27	qa1v	figs-activepassive		0	Zion will be redeemed by justice, and her repentant ones by righteousness
108	ISA	1	27	z5g9	figs-metonymy		0	Zion	This is a metonym for the people who live on Mount Zion. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
109	ISA	1	28	fi96	figs-activepassive		0	Rebels and sinners will be crushed together
110	ISA	1	28	ekb3	figs-activepassive		0	those who abandon Yahweh will be done away with
111	ISA	1	29	aa8s	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks Yahweh's words to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
112	ISA	1	29	rnp2			0	the sacred oak trees ... gardens	These phrases refer to places where the people of Judah worshiped idols.
113	ISA	1	29	q2lw			0	you will be embarrassed by
114	ISA	1	30	sp75	figs-simile		0	For you will be like an oak whose leaf fades, and like a garden that has no water	Water gives life to trees and gardens. The people have cut themselves off from Yahweh, who gives them life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
115	ISA	1	31	sh9k	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks Yahweh's words to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
116	ISA	1	31	mly5			0	The strong man
117	ISA	1	31	lq77			0	tinder	dry material that burns easily
118	ISA	1	31	a5w2	figs-simile		0	his work like a spark
119	ISA	2	intro	pr4a			0
120	ISA	2	1	tt88	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
121	ISA	2	1	p86l	figs-metonymy		0	Judah and Jerusalem
122	ISA	2	2	dw9n			0	in the last days	in the future
123	ISA	2	2	f17l	figs-activepassive		0	the mountain of Yahweh's house will be established
124	ISA	2	2	i5hb	figs-metaphor		0	as the highest of the mountains
125	ISA	2	2	h16p	figs-metaphor		0	it will be raised up above the hills
126	ISA	2	2	p88m	figs-metonymy		0	all the nations
127	ISA	2	2	p7rl	figs-metaphor		0	will flow to it
128	ISA	2	3	nl4z	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
129	ISA	2	3	f679			0	Jacob, so he may teach ... and we may walk
130	ISA	2	3	u8i5	figs-parallelism		0	he may teach us some of his ways, and we may walk in his paths
131	ISA	2	3	qq6t	figs-parallelism		0	For out of Zion will go the law, and the word of Yahweh from Jerusalem
132	ISA	2	3	w2vd	figs-metaphor		0	For out of Zion will go the law
133	ISA	2	3	t76v	figs-metaphor		0	the word of Yahweh from Jerusalem
134	ISA	2	4	u4wn	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
135	ISA	2	4	d9yw			0	He will judge	Yahweh will judge
136	ISA	2	4	xfs3			0	will render decisions	will solve disputes
137	ISA	2	4	htf9			0	they will hammer their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks	The people of the nations will turn their weapons of war into tools for farming.
138	ISA	2	4	j77g	figs-synecdoche		0	swords ... spears ... sword	These words are synecdoches for weapons of any kind. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
139	ISA	2	4	i5uh	figs-synecdoche		0	plowshares ... pruning hooks	These words are synecdoches for tools of any kind that people use in peaceful activity. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
140	ISA	2	4	fq2w			0	they will hammer their swords into plowshares
141	ISA	2	4	d586			0	their spears into pruning hooks
142	ISA	2	4	u818	figs-metonymy		0	nation will not lift up sword against nation
143	ISA	2	4	fii3			0	nor will they train for war
144	ISA	2	5	i7e1	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	In 2:5 Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah, and in 2:6 he speaks to Yahweh. Both times he speaks in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
145	ISA	2	5	rm7q	figs-metonymy		0	House of Jacob
146	ISA	2	5	jlm2			0	come	a gentle encouragement to do what the speaker is about to tell the hearer to do
147	ISA	2	5	h3c9	figs-metaphor		0	let us walk in the light of Yahweh
148	ISA	2	6	uvd9	figs-pronouns		0	For you have abandoned your people
149	ISA	2	6	uh4h	figs-metaphor		0	they are filled with customs from the east
150	ISA	2	6	n11d			0	they practice divination	they try to tell the future by looking at things like animal parts and leaves
151	ISA	2	6	n8bj	translate-symaction		0	they shake hands with sons of foreigners
152	ISA	2	7	fld8	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks to Yahweh in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
153	ISA	2	7	t4r6	figs-metaphor		0	Their land is full of silver and gold ... their land also is full of horses
154	ISA	2	8	cyh2	figs-metaphor		0	Their land also is full of idols
155	ISA	2	8	zic5	figs-parallelism		0	the craftsmanship of their own hands, things that their own fingers have made
156	ISA	2	8	au6k	figs-synecdoche		0	craftsmanship of their own hands
157	ISA	2	8	sup5	figs-synecdoche		0	things that their own fingers have made
158	ISA	2	9	uqg2	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	In 2:9 Isaiah finishes speaking to Yahweh. In 2:10-11 Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah. Both times he speaks in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
159	ISA	2	9	itw7	figs-metaphor		0	The people will be bowed down, and individuals will fall down
160	ISA	2	9	gq1x			0	The people	human beings, as opposed to animals
161	ISA	2	9	vjx5			0	individuals	each person
162	ISA	2	9	rbg3	figs-metaphor		0	do not raise them up
163	ISA	2	10	gxz3			0	Go into the rocky places	Possible meanings are the people should go into 1) caves on steep hillsides or 2) places where there are many large rocks among which to hide.
164	ISA	2	10	y6bc			0	hide in the ground	Possible meanings are that the people should hide 1) in natural holes in the ground or 2) in pits that they dig in the ground.
165	ISA	2	10	iv7d	figs-abstractnouns		0	from the terror of Yahweh
166	ISA	2	10	sf9n			0	the glory of his majesty
167	ISA	2	11	hp3l	figs-metaphor		0	The lofty gaze of man will be brought low
168	ISA	2	11	i99t	figs-metonymy		0	the pride of men will be brought down
169	ISA	2	11	f7iq	figs-activepassive		0	Yahweh alone will be exalted
170	ISA	2	11	akb4	figs-idiom		0	on that day
171	ISA	2	12	u89l	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
172	ISA	2	12	ypp7	figs-activepassive		0	who is proud and raised up
173	ISA	2	12	ew97	figs-doublet		0	who is proud ... who is arrogant	Someone who is arrogant speaks and acts as if he is better than other people. These two phrases have similar meanings and are used together to emphasize that Yahweh will punish them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
174	ISA	2	12	t5zf	figs-activepassive		0	he will be brought down
175	ISA	2	13	icm3	figs-metaphor		0	against all the cedars of Lebanon ... against all the oaks of Bashan
176	ISA	2	14	rx5g	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. He continues to describe what will happen on the day of Yahweh of Hosts (Isaiah 2:12). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
177	ISA	2	14	d97m			0	against	In 2:14-16 Isaiah lists things that God will destroy. Possible meanings are 1) these refer to prideful people that God will humble or 2) God will actually destroy all these things in the list.
178	ISA	2	14	mud8	figs-metaphor		0	mountains ... hills	These words are metaphors for the pride of the Israelites. They also appear in Isaiah 2:2. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
179	ISA	2	14	td8x	figs-idiom		0	that are lifted up
180	ISA	2	15	u56r	figs-metaphor		0	high tower ... impregnable wall	These refer to things people would build around their cities so they could defend themselves against their enemies. They are a metaphor for the Israelites' pride and belief that they had no need for Yahweh and could stand against any punishment Yahweh would mete out to them for their sins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
181	ISA	2	15	y975			0	impregnable wall	wall that nothing can break down or go through
182	ISA	2	16	ns89			0	ships of Tarshish ... beautiful sailing vessels	These refer to large boats that people used to travel far on the sea and bring back goods to the cities.
183	ISA	2	16	a8gz			0	ships of Tarshish	ships on which they go to Tarshish
184	ISA	2	17	q2z3	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. He continues to describe what will happen on the day of Yahweh of Hosts (Isaiah 2:12). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
185	ISA	2	17	dx3l	figs-activepassive		0	The pride of man will be brought low
186	ISA	2	17	sjb9	figs-abstractnouns		0	the haughtiness of men will fall
187	ISA	2	17	ij1n	figs-activepassive		0	Yahweh alone will be exalted
188	ISA	2	18	t75w			0	The idols will completely pass away
189	ISA	2	19	ii4y	figs-explicit		0	Men will go ... from the terror
190	ISA	2	19	w4lw			0	the caves of the rocks
191	ISA	2	19	r7kz			0	from the terror of Yahweh, and from the glory of his majesty	See how you translated this in Isaiah 2:10.
192	ISA	2	19	ul48			0	from the terror of Yahweh	because they are very afraid of Yahweh
193	ISA	2	19	dm1h	figs-hendiadys		0	the glory of his majesty
194	ISA	2	19	p1ch			0	when he rises to terrify the earth	when Yahweh takes action and causes the people of the earth to be terribly afraid of him
195	ISA	2	20	dw5p	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah in the form of a poem. He continues to describe what will happen on the day of Yahweh of Hosts (Isaiah 2:12). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
196	ISA	2	20	x4cz	translate-unknown		0	to the moles and bats
197	ISA	2	21	hs4f			0	the crevices in the rocks ... the clefts of the ragged rocks
198	ISA	2	21	ikz7			0	from the terror of Yahweh	because they are very afraid of Yahweh. See how you translated this in Isaiah 2:19.
199	ISA	2	21	rn5i			0	the glory of his majesty
200	ISA	2	21	nz4j			0	when he rises to terrify the earth
201	ISA	2	22	c4s2	figs-explicit		0	whose life-breath is in his nostrils
202	ISA	2	22	thr5			0	nostrils	the holes in the nose through which people breathe
203	ISA	2	22	hw38	figs-rquestion		0	for what does he amount to?
204	ISA	3	intro	bgn6			0		Isaiah 03 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter. Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 3:1-26, which is a vision Isaiah receives. These are the words of Yahweh. Judgment This chapter is structured as a judgment against the Jews. God is acting as a judge reading the list of convictions against them and then he reads the judgment. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) Special concepts in this chapter Exile While the previous part of the prophecy in chapter 2 discussed the last days, this part of the prophecy predicts the exile of Judah to Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]])
205	ISA	3	1	li2r			0	See
206	ISA	3	1	b6ce	figs-metaphor		0	support and staff
207	ISA	3	2	c9rl	figs-genericnoun		0	the mighty man ... the warrior ... the judge ... the prophet ... the one who practices divination ... the elder
208	ISA	3	2	zv6c			0	the one who practices divination	This is a person who claims that he can tell the future by looking at things like animal parts and leaves. See how you translated similar words in Isaiah 2:6.
209	ISA	3	3	q6s4	figs-genericnoun		0	the captain of fifty ... the respected citizen ... the counselor ... the expert craftsman ... the skillful enchanter
210	ISA	3	3	kui6	translate-numbers		0	the captain of fifty
211	ISA	3	3	jms3	translate-numbers		0	fifty
212	ISA	3	4	y5ha	figs-parallelism		0	I will place mere youths as their leaders, and the young will rule over them
213	ISA	3	4	l2g7	figs-explicit		0	I will place
214	ISA	3	5	f5ah	figs-activepassive		0	The people will be oppressed, every one by another, and every one by his neighbor
215	ISA	3	5	rs6x			0	the degraded
216	ISA	3	5	c8vy			0	the honorable
217	ISA	3	6	erd8	figs-metaphor		0	let this ruin be in your hands
218	ISA	3	6	l4fv	figs-metaphor		0	this ruin
219	ISA	3	7	p9fr	figs-metaphor		0	I will not be a healer
220	ISA	3	8	ze64			0	Connecting Statement:	The prophet begins to comment on this situation.
221	ISA	3	8	un4e	figs-metaphor		0	Jerusalem has stumbled, and Judah has fallen	Disobeying God is spoken of as if it were stumbling and falling. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
222	ISA	3	8	c8ii	figs-synecdoche		0	the eyes of his glory
223	ISA	3	9	j4qh	figs-personification		0	The look on their faces witnesses against them
224	ISA	3	9	iu71	figs-simile		0	they tell of their sin like Sodom; they do not hide it
225	ISA	3	9	p1nv	figs-metonymy		0	For they have completed a catastrophe for themselves
226	ISA	3	10	s8ek			0	Tell the righteous person that it will be well	Tell the one who is doing what is right that I will make things good for him
227	ISA	3	10	yki9	figs-genericnoun		0	the righteous person
228	ISA	3	10	s5vz	figs-metaphor		0	for they will eat the fruit of their deeds
229	ISA	3	10	i1nt			0	they will eat the fruit of their deeds
230	ISA	3	11	ti8h	figs-metonymy		0	for the recompense of his hands will be done to him
231	ISA	3	12	yn5p			0	My people ... My people
232	ISA	3	12	zg6p	figs-metaphor		0	children are their oppressors
233	ISA	3	12	j52r			0	women rule over them
234	ISA	3	12	t5bp	figs-metaphor		0	those who guide you lead you astray and confuse the direction of your path
235	ISA	3	13	c84g	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh stands up for an accusation; he is standing to accuse the people
236	ISA	3	14	exq5	figs-metaphor		0	will come with judgment
237	ISA	3	14	j6us	figs-you		0	You have ruined the vineyard
238	ISA	3	14	cn9b			0	the plunder from the poor is in your houses	the things you have taken from the poor are in your houses
239	ISA	3	14	k6ua	figs-nominaladj		0	the poor
240	ISA	3	15	k4yw	figs-rquestion		0	Why do you crush my people and grind the faces of the poor?
241	ISA	3	15	jjf2	figs-metaphor		0	crush my people
242	ISA	3	15	df4t	figs-metaphor		0	grind the faces of the poor
243	ISA	3	15	a6jh	figs-123person		0	This is the declaration of the Lord Yahweh of hosts
244	ISA	3	16	u9pn	figs-metaphor		0	the daughters of Zion
245	ISA	3	16	hb7z			0	with their necks extended
246	ISA	3	18	ify9			0	ankle jewelry	a decoration that women wear on the ankle, just above the foot
247	ISA	3	18	r8vh			0	head bands	a decoration that women wear over the head and hair
248	ISA	3	18	kb3y			0	crescent ornaments	moon-shaped ornaments that people wear in the belief that they will protect the person from evil
249	ISA	3	19	hp8a			0	ear pendants	jewelry that hangs from the ear or over the ear
250	ISA	3	19	a5ha			0	bracelets	a decoration that women wear on the arm near the hands
251	ISA	3	19	wfq5			0	veils	a very thin material used to cover a woman's head and face
252	ISA	3	20	sa4a			0	headscarves	long, thin pieces of cloth that women tie around the head or hair
253	ISA	3	20	ny93			0	ankle chains	These are decorations that women wear near the feet. Often the chains hang down to make a gentle noise.
254	ISA	3	20	tw31			0	sashes	a piece of cloth that people wear around the waist or across the chest
255	ISA	3	20	jqq5			0	perfume boxes	a small box or bag containing perfume that women wore on chains or strings around their necks so they smelled good
256	ISA	3	20	a1uq			0	lucky charms	jewelry that people wear in the belief that it will bring good luck
257	ISA	3	21	pg1c			0	rings	a decoration worn around the finger
258	ISA	3	21	f1fe			0	nose jewels	a decoration worn in or through the nose
259	ISA	3	22	l57q			0	festive robes	a long, loose garment with decorations that was worn over other clothes for everyone to see
260	ISA	3	22	i2i1			0	mantles	a cloth worn over the shoulders on the outside of the clothes
261	ISA	3	22	a51r			0	veils	See how you translated this in Isaiah 3:19.
262	ISA	3	22	vtu3			0	handbags	a bag to used to carry small things
263	ISA	3	23	la8f			0	hand mirrors	a small surface, held in one's hand and used to see oneself
264	ISA	3	23	d2el			0	fine linen	a soft cloth worn by rich people
265	ISA	3	23	p3s4			0	head pieces	a cloth or small hat worn over the hair
266	ISA	3	23	g51h			0	wraps	a decorative cloth that a woman would wrap around herself to make her beautiful
267	ISA	3	24	cn6w			0	sash	a piece of cloth that people wear around the waist or across the chest. See how you translated this in Isaiah 3:20.
268	ISA	3	24	b6ca			0	a rope	This may refer to a rope that enemies would tie on the people of Judah when they captured them. Or it might mean that Jerusalem's women would have nothing to wear but rough clothing secured with ropes.
269	ISA	3	24	c3sv			0	well-arranged hair, baldness	pretty hair, their heads will be bald
270	ISA	3	25	ng43	figs-metonymy		0	Your men will fall by the sword, and your strong men will fall in war
271	ISA	3	26	kz3l	figs-metonymy		0	Jerusalem's gates will lament and mourn
272	ISA	3	26	qeu2	figs-personification		0	she will be alone and sit upon the ground	Isaiah speaks of the people of Jerusalem, whom no one will save from their enemies, as if they were the city itself and as if they were a woman who sits on the ground because all her friends have deserted her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
273	ISA	4	intro	xy1x			0		Isaiah 04 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter More women than men This chapter describes a time when there will be many more women than men in Judah. This is because so many of Judah's fighting men will have died before the exile. Those who come through this difficult time will be a holy remnant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/remnant]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Branch of Yahweh Scholars are divided over the possible meaning of this metaphor. Some believe it is a reference to the Messiah, while others believe it is a reference to the faithful remnant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])
274	ISA	4	1	ke3e	figs-idiom		0	let us take your name
275	ISA	4	2	ki64	figs-synecdoche		0	the branch of Yahweh will be beautiful
276	ISA	4	2	egm3			0	will be beautiful and glorious	will be full of beauty and glory
277	ISA	4	2	ree3	figs-metaphor		0	the fruit of the land will be tasty and delightful for those survivors in Israel
278	ISA	4	3	z8mg	figs-parallelism		0	the one who is left in Zion and the one who remains in Jerusalem
279	ISA	4	3	gb1i	figs-activepassive		0	will be called holy
280	ISA	4	3	pe1n	figs-activepassive		0	everyone who is written down as living in Jerusalem
281	ISA	4	4	af4y	figs-metaphor		0	when the Lord will have washed away the filth of the daughters of Zion
282	ISA	4	4	idm2			0	the daughters of Zion	Possible meanings are 1) the women of Jerusalem or 2) the people of Jerusalem.
283	ISA	4	4	el4d	figs-metonymy		0	will have cleansed the blood stains from Jerusalem's midst
284	ISA	4	4	i2xn	figs-metaphor		0	by means of the spirit of judgment and the spirit of flaming fire
285	ISA	4	4	l3vm			0	spirit of judgment	Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh will punish the people or 2) Yahweh will declare the people guilty.
286	ISA	4	4	si1b	figs-metaphor		0	the spirit of flaming fire
287	ISA	4	5	yk4j			0	a canopy over all the glory	Possible meanings are 1) a canopy for protecting the glorious city, or 2) a canopy consisting of God's glory that will protect the city. If the first meaning is followed, then it may further mean that the city is glorious because Yahweh is present in it.
288	ISA	4	5	h7ct			0	canopy	This is a cloth that is hung over something to cover it for protecton.
289	ISA	5	intro	g25h			0
290	ISA	5	1	wd3z	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Isaiah tells a parable about a farmer and his vineyard. The farmer represents God and the vineyard represents the people of Judah, the southern kingdom of the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
291	ISA	5	1	csd3			0	my well beloved	my dear friend
292	ISA	5	1	y5t9			0	on a very fertile hill	on a hill where very good crops could grow
293	ISA	5	2	ac25			0	He spaded it
294	ISA	5	2	qk26	figs-explicit		0	He built a tower in the middle of it
295	ISA	5	2	qfu3			0	built a winepress
296	ISA	5	2	feu4			0	wild grapes
297	ISA	5	3	crw5	figs-parables		0	General Information:	In Isaiah's parable of the vineyard, the owner of the vineyard, who represents God, speaks to the people of Jerusalem and Judah about his vineyard. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
298	ISA	5	3	x6tw	figs-genericnoun		0	inhabitant of Jerusalem and man of Judah
299	ISA	5	3	v4cu			0	Jerusalem ... Judah
300	ISA	5	3	c6vk	figs-metaphor		0	judge between me and my vineyard
301	ISA	5	4	cy5z	figs-rquestion		0	What more could have been done for my vineyard, that I have not done for it?
302	ISA	5	4	ka3q	figs-rquestion		0	When I looked for it to produce grapes, why did it produce wild grapes?
303	ISA	5	5	j11d	figs-parables		0	General Information:	In Isaiah's parable, the owner of the vineyard continues to talk about his vineyard. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
304	ISA	5	5	d9l9			0	remove the hedge
305	ISA	5	5	msh2			0	I will turn it into a pasture
306	ISA	5	5	b6y6	figs-activepassive		0	it will be trampled down
307	ISA	5	6	b9b1			0	I will lay it waste	I will destroy it
308	ISA	5	6	vvv3	figs-activepassive		0	it will not be pruned nor hoed
309	ISA	5	6	e15p	writing-symlanguage		0	briers and thorns will spring up	Briers and thorns are often used as symbols of ruined cities and land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
310	ISA	5	7	ba1g			0	General Information:	Isaiah explains the parable of the vineyard.
311	ISA	5	7	dnz9	figs-parables		0	For the vineyard of Yahweh of hosts is the house of Israel
312	ISA	5	7	l82n	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel
313	ISA	5	7	rxv5	figs-metaphor		0	the man of Judah his pleasant planting
314	ISA	5	7	kmz3	figs-genericnoun		0	the man of Judah
315	ISA	5	7	ebr9	figs-abstractnouns		0	he waited for justice, but instead, there was killing
316	ISA	5	7	dtn9	figs-ellipsis		0	for righteousness
317	ISA	5	7	hhv8	figs-ellipsis		0	instead, a shout for help
318	ISA	5	7	s93f	figs-genericnoun		0	a shout	This expression probably stands for many shouts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
319	ISA	5	8	cm7e			0	General Information:	Isaiah announces God's judgment.
320	ISA	5	8	m6ai	figs-explicit		0	to those who join house to house, who join field to field
321	ISA	5	9	tu9i			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:9.
322	ISA	5	9	f6yx			0	without any inhabitant	without anyone living in it
323	ISA	5	10	x1d1	figs-explicit		0	a ten-yoke vineyard
324	ISA	5	10	xm5c	translate-bvolume		0	one bath
325	ISA	5	10	wyg4	translate-bvolume		0	one homer of seed will yield only an ephah
326	ISA	5	11	w596	figs-merism		0	those who rise up early in the morning ... who linger late into the night	This refers to people who do nothing all day but drink alcoholic drinks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
327	ISA	5	11	e3cu	figs-metaphor		0	until wine inflames them
328	ISA	5	12	uj2g			0	harp, lute, tambourine, flute, and wine	These musical instruments and the wine imply that the people enjoying these things are celebrating very much.
329	ISA	5	12	rum8	translate-unknown		0	tambourine	A musical instrument with a head like a drum that can be beaten with the hand. It probably had pieces of metal around the side that sounded when the player shook it. The tambourine was small enough for the player to hold it and shake it with one hand. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
330	ISA	5	12	er4f			0	considered	thought seriously about
331	ISA	5	12	mpb9	figs-abstractnouns		0	the doings of his hands
332	ISA	5	12	d7ca	figs-synecdoche		0	the doings of his hands
333	ISA	5	13	sd2g			0	General Information:	These verses tell what will happen to the people because they have disobeyed God.
334	ISA	5	13	e8j7	figs-pastforfuture		0	my people have gone into captivity
335	ISA	5	13	ek1f	figs-explicit		0	for lack of understanding
336	ISA	5	14	lq6k	figs-metaphor		0	Sheol has made its appetite greater and has opened its mouth very wide
337	ISA	5	14	l95b	figs-pastforfuture		0	their elite, the people, their leaders, and the revelers and those who are happy among them, descend into Sheol
338	ISA	5	15	hv2s	figs-parallelism		0	Man will be forced to bend down, and mankind will be humbled
339	ISA	5	15	kvv6	figs-pastforfuture		0	Man will be forced to bend down, and mankind will be humbled	Future events are spoken of as if they have already happened. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
340	ISA	5	15	bal8	translate-symaction		0	Man will be forced to bend down	Bending down often symbolizes being humiliated. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
341	ISA	5	15	npg6	figs-metonymy		0	the eyes of the lofty will be cast down
342	ISA	5	15	kj8c	figs-metaphor		0	the lofty
343	ISA	5	16	unu8	figs-activepassive		0	Yahweh of hosts will be exalted in his justice
344	ISA	5	16	b2ch			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:9.
345	ISA	5	16	veu5	figs-metaphor		0	will be exalted
346	ISA	5	17	s6dd			0	the sheep will feed as in their own pasture
347	ISA	5	17	lv4d			0	graze	eat grass
348	ISA	5	17	cj7g	figs-simile		0	in the ruins, lambs will graze as foreigners	That is, the lambs will graze there. The land will be worthless for any other use. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
349	ISA	5	18	w5kt	figs-parallelism		0	Woe to those who pull along iniquity with useless cords and who pull along sin as if it were with a cart rope
350	ISA	5	19	fje3	figs-irony		0	those who say
351	ISA	5	19	fg4f	figs-metaphor		0	let the plans of the Holy One of Israel come
352	ISA	5	19	czd2			0	the Holy One of Israel
353	ISA	5	20	wfp3	figs-metaphor		0	who represent darkness as light, and light as darkness ... bitter as sweet, and sweet as bitter
354	ISA	5	21	ivi4	figs-metonymy		0	to those who are wise in their own eyes
355	ISA	5	21	k28f			0	prudent in their own understanding	think they understand everything
356	ISA	5	23	cpy5			0	who acquit the wicked for payment	This passage is speaking about corrupt judges in courts of law.
357	ISA	5	23	zv59			0	acquit the wicked	declare guilty people innocent
358	ISA	5	23	x4u8			0	deprive the innocent of his rights	do not treat innocent people fairly
359	ISA	5	24	c3qz			0	tongue of fire
360	ISA	5	24	k429	figs-parallelism		0	as the tongue of fire devours stubble, and as the dry grass goes down in flame
361	ISA	5	24	ngz1			0	stubble	The dry pieces of plants that are left in the ground after the stalks have been cut.
362	ISA	5	24	mbt4	figs-metaphor		0	their root will rot, and their blossom will blow away like dust
363	ISA	5	25	pkf2	figs-metaphor		0	the anger of Yahweh is kindled
364	ISA	5	25	u4m4	figs-pastforfuture		0	He has reached out with his hand against them and has punished them
365	ISA	5	25	k8d7	figs-metonymy		0	has reached out with his hand against them
366	ISA	5	25	vu7e			0	corpses	dead bodies
367	ISA	5	25	lyq9	figs-simile		0	their corpses are like garbage in the streets
368	ISA	5	25	sgw7			0	In all these things, his anger does not subside; instead, his hand	Even though all these things have happened, he is still angry, and his hand
369	ISA	5	25	b3v6	figs-metonymy		0	his hand is still stretched out
370	ISA	5	26	jin3	figs-parallelism		0	He will lift up a signal flag for far away nations and will whistle for those at the end of the earth
371	ISA	5	26	abj6			0	whistle	a loud, high pitched noise a person makes with their mouth to call a person or animal that is far away
372	ISA	5	26	pqh3			0	they will come	the enemy army will come
373	ISA	5	26	i94d	figs-doublet		0	speedily and promptly
374	ISA	5	27	m2qf			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe the army that will attack Judah. He describes it as if it were already existing (Isaiah 5:26).
375	ISA	5	27	q27w			0	tire ... stumble ... slumbers ... sleeps	These four words progress from being tired from work to being unable to walk well, to being unable to stay awake, to full sleep, so all four should appear in the translation.
376	ISA	5	27	hac2			0	Nor are their belts loose	The soldiers kept their clothes tight so it would easier to move and fight.
377	ISA	5	27	xx4t			0	the thongs of their sandals	the straps of their sandals
378	ISA	5	28	j18k	figs-simile		0	their horses' hooves are like flint
379	ISA	5	28	a4f3	figs-simile		0	their chariot wheels like storms
380	ISA	5	28	x4c6			0	chariot wheels	These wheels often had sharp blades attached to them that would cut to pieces anyone the chariot passed close to.
381	ISA	5	29	v8gp			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe the army that will attack Judah (Isaiah 5:26).
382	ISA	5	29	dv1u	figs-metonymy		0	young lions
383	ISA	5	29	jhq5	figs-metaphor		0	They will growl and seize the prey	Isaiah compares the enemy killing the people of Judah to a lion killing a weaker animal. Possible meanings are 1) lions make a sound not as loud as a roar just before they strike, or 2) the writer is using two words to mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
384	ISA	5	29	kw8f			0	prey	animals that another animal wants to catch and kill
385	ISA	5	29	ixb3			0	with none to rescue	and no one will be able to save them
386	ISA	5	30	x52f			0	will roar ... sea roars
387	ISA	5	30	rw65	figs-metaphor		0	even the light will be made dark by the clouds
388	ISA	6	intro	g9bq			0		Isaiah 06 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 6:3-4,7, 9-13. Special concepts in this chapter Heaven This vision described in this chapter is probably a scene in heaven. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) Isaiah's call This chapter record Isaiah's call to prophetic ministry. It recognizes the holiness of God and Isaiah recognizes his need for holiness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/call]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Inevitability The way Yahweh speaks in this chapter shows the inevitability of the punishment of Yahweh against the people of Judah. The punishment must now come. It is too late for repentance. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
389	ISA	6	1	fpg5	figs-doublet		0	he was high and elevated
390	ISA	6	1	s9gi			0	filled the temple
391	ISA	6	2	rmg2			0	Above him were the seraphim
392	ISA	6	2	rar1	translate-unknown		0	seraphim
393	ISA	6	2	x82m			0	each one had six wings
394	ISA	6	2	jct3	figs-ellipsis		0	with two each covered his face, and with two he covered his feet, and with two he flew
395	ISA	6	3	ie28			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe his vision.
396	ISA	6	3	d6y7			0	Each one called to another and said
397	ISA	6	3	vxd8			0	Holy, holy, holy, is Yahweh of hosts
398	ISA	6	3	m7tr	figs-metaphor		0	The whole earth is full of his glory
399	ISA	6	4	pjk8			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe his vision.
400	ISA	6	4	dki2			0	The foundations of the thresholds shook at the voices of those who were crying out	When the seraphim called out, their voices shook the doorways and their foundations
401	ISA	6	4	tz4y	figs-activepassive		0	the house was filled with smoke
402	ISA	6	5	v2ty	figs-activepassive		0	Woe is me! For I am doomed
403	ISA	6	5	ws6z	figs-metonymy		0	of unclean lips
404	ISA	6	5	a6sd			0	Yahweh, Yahweh of hosts
405	ISA	6	5	kz1b	figs-synecdoche		0	my eyes have seen
406	ISA	6	6	qhb5			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe his vision.
407	ISA	6	6	vk6r	translate-unknown		0	seraphim
408	ISA	6	6	ah6e			0	tongs	a tool used for grabbing or holding objects
409	ISA	6	7	wf8i	figs-parallelism		0	your guilt has been taken away, and your sin atoned for
410	ISA	6	7	g4x1	figs-metaphor		0	your guilt has been taken away
411	ISA	6	8	xf27			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe his vision.
412	ISA	6	8	n956	figs-synecdoche		0	the voice of the Lord say
413	ISA	6	8	at9k	figs-explicit		0	Whom shall I send
414	ISA	6	8	ria2	figs-inclusive		0	who will go for us
415	ISA	6	9	vja4			0	this people	the people of Israel
416	ISA	6	9	iq3c	figs-imperative		0	Listen, but do not understand; see, but do not perceive
417	ISA	6	9	m1yh	figs-ellipsis		0	Listen, but do not understand; see, but do not perceive
418	ISA	6	10	j69r			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Isaiah what he must do when Yahweh sends him to preach to the people.
419	ISA	6	10	q3as	figs-metonymy		0	Make the heart of this people insensitive
420	ISA	6	10	wd4q			0	Make the heart of this people
421	ISA	6	10	ffe8			0	Make the heart ... insensitive	This command means that Yahweh will use Isaiah's message to cause the people to understand even less and to make them less sensitive to what Yahweh is doing.
422	ISA	6	10	pqr2	figs-metaphor		0	their ears dull, and blind their eyes
423	ISA	6	10	qi8r	figs-metaphor		0	they might see with their eyes, hear with their ears	People being able to understand Yahweh's message and what he is doing is spoken of as if the people were able physically to see and hear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
424	ISA	6	10	sbg9	figs-metonymy		0	understand with their heart
425	ISA	6	10	fs74	figs-metaphor		0	then turn
426	ISA	6	10	h53y	figs-activepassive		0	be healed
427	ISA	6	11	wx9r			0	Until cities crash into ruins and are without inhabitants, and the houses are without people	Until all the cities and houses are ruined and no one lives there
428	ISA	6	11	b56y	figs-idiom		0	the land falls into a desolate waste
429	ISA	6	12	wed8	figs-123person		0	until Yahweh has sent the people far away, and the solitude of the land is great
430	ISA	6	13	p7xa	figs-activepassive		0	it will again be destroyed
431	ISA	6	13	r74f	figs-simile		0	as a terebinth or an oak is cut down and whose trunk remains, the holy seed is in its stump	This simile means that even after Yahweh destroys Israel, he will still set apart people from among the Israelites to serve him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
432	ISA	6	13	h3vb	translate-unknown		0	terebinth	a kind of oak tree (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
433	ISA	6	13	tbt2			0	trunk ... stump	A trunk is the thick main stem of a tree. A stump is the part of a tree that remains in the ground after the tree is cut down.
434	ISA	6	13	p9id	figs-metaphor		0	the holy seed	The people who will serve Yahweh after armies destroy Israel are spoken of as if they were set apart as a holy seed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
435	ISA	7	intro	kcq7			0
436	ISA	7	1	u9lp	figs-idiom		0	During the days of Ahaz ... king of Judah
437	ISA	7	1	e4tt	translate-names		0	Rezin ... Pekah ... Remaliah	men's names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
438	ISA	7	1	vuv8	figs-synecdoche		0	Rezin ... and Pekah ... went up
439	ISA	7	1	py2k	figs-metonymy		0	to war against it
440	ISA	7	2	fs5m	figs-activepassive		0	It was reported to the house of David
441	ISA	7	2	lbv6	figs-metonymy		0	the house of David
442	ISA	7	2	y882	figs-metonymy		0	that Aram was allied with Ephraim
443	ISA	7	2	k9yy	figs-simile		0	His heart trembled, and the heart of his people, as the trees of the forest shake in the wind
444	ISA	7	3	zh23			0	General Information:	Isaiah writes about what happened to him as if it had happened to someone else.
445	ISA	7	3	u3qa	translate-names		0	Shear-Jashub
446	ISA	7	3	dcs8			0	at the end of the conduit of the upper pool	where the water flows out of the tunnel and enters the upper pool
447	ISA	7	3	jx5e			0	conduit	man-made ditch or tunnel through which water flows
448	ISA	7	3	iiu7			0	road	If your language has a word for a road or path that people have made smooth by filling in the low places and lowering the high places, you can use it here.
449	ISA	7	3	v3uw	translate-names		0	Launderer's Field
450	ISA	7	3	cts4	translate-names		0	Launderer's Field
451	ISA	7	4	tuu2			0	Tell him	Tell Ahaz
452	ISA	7	4	ze8i	figs-metaphor		0	do not be afraid or intimidated by these two smoldering firebrands, by the fierce anger of Rezin and Aram, and of Pekah son of Remaliah
453	ISA	7	4	uy6n	figs-doublet		0	afraid or intimidated
454	ISA	7	5	m5i9			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Isaiah what he should tell Ahaz (Isaiah 7:3).
455	ISA	7	5	ss12	figs-metonymy		0	Aram, Ephraim, and the son of Remaliah
456	ISA	7	5	qp64			0	Remaliah	This is the name of a man. Translate his name as in Isaiah 7:1.
457	ISA	7	5	ysl6	figs-you		0	have planned evil against you
458	ISA	7	6	yu1t	translate-names		0	son of Tabeel	It is unknown who this man is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
459	ISA	7	7	m94b			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Isaiah what he should tell Ahaz (Isaiah 7:3).
460	ISA	7	8	vb6l	figs-metonymy		0	the head of Damascus is Rezin
461	ISA	7	8	y681	translate-numbers		0	sixty-five years
462	ISA	7	8	gc27	figs-activepassive		0	Ephraim will be shattered and will no longer be a people
463	ISA	7	9	el5p	figs-explicit		0	the head of Samaria is Remaliah's son
464	ISA	7	9	z477	figs-doublenegatives		0	If you do not remain firm in faith, surely you will not remain secure
465	ISA	7	9	nt63			0	If you do not remain	Unless you remain
466	ISA	7	11	f2n6	figs-merism		0	ask for it in the depths or in the height above
467	ISA	7	11	li4c	figs-abstractnouns		0	depths ... height
468	ISA	7	12	cr1k			0	will not ask	will not ask Yahweh for a sign
469	ISA	7	13	zw34	figs-metonymy		0	house of David
470	ISA	7	13	v36u	figs-rquestion		0	Is it not enough for you people to test the patience of people? Must you also test the patience of my God?
471	ISA	7	14	ecy9			0	the young woman will conceive
472	ISA	7	14	s44h	translate-names		0	his name Immanuel
473	ISA	7	15	jl15	figs-explicit		0	He will eat curds and honey when he knows to refuse the evil and choose the good
474	ISA	7	15	s9yg			0	curds	milk that people have treated to make it into a soft solid
475	ISA	7	15	di2m	figs-nominaladj		0	refuse the evil and choose the good
476	ISA	7	16	e7h5			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe the sign that God will give the house of David.
477	ISA	7	16	dht9	figs-nominaladj		0	refuse the evil and choose the good
478	ISA	7	16	f8jq	figs-you		0	you dread
479	ISA	7	17	z85k			0	your people	This refers to the people of Judah.
480	ISA	7	18	nk5k			0	At that time	before the child knows to refuse the evil and choose the good (Isaiah 7:15)
481	ISA	7	18	n7m9			0	Yahweh will whistle for
482	ISA	7	18	qve8	figs-metaphor		0	for a fly from the distant streams of Egypt, and for a bee from the land of Assyria
483	ISA	7	20	l6c2			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe the time when the army of Assyria will attack Israel.
484	ISA	7	20	v8kp	figs-metaphor		0	the Lord will shave with a razor that was hired beyond the Euphrates River—the king of Assyria
485	ISA	7	20	d2rx	figs-activepassive		0	that was hired
486	ISA	7	20	yli5			0	the head ... the hair of the legs ... also ... the beard
487	ISA	7	20	y3tv	figs-metaphor		0	the head ... the hair of the legs ... the beard	Isaiah does not say whose head, hair, and beard the Lord is going to shave, but Ahaz and the reader would understand that this is a man; the man is a metaphor for the people living in the land of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
488	ISA	7	20	tyl9	figs-metonymy		0	the head
489	ISA	7	20	tkw6	figs-euphemism		0	the hair of the legs	Possible meanings are 1) this is a polite way to speak of the hair on the lower body or 2) this speaks of the hair on the legs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
490	ISA	7	20	a1pl			0	it will also sweep
491	ISA	7	22	tsx4	figs-abstractnouns		0	because of the abundance of milk which they shall give
492	ISA	7	23	h6cj			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe the time when the army from Assyria will attack the land of Israel.
493	ISA	7	23	b3ry	translate-numbers		0	there were a thousand vines ... briers and thorns
494	ISA	7	23	y1fr	translate-numbers		0	a thousand silver shekels
495	ISA	7	23	hu8n	figs-doublet		0	briers and thorns
496	ISA	7	24	sr7t	figs-explicit		0	because all the land will be briers and thorns
497	ISA	7	25	azm2	figs-activepassive		0	They will stay away from all the hills that were cultivated with the hoe
498	ISA	8	intro	c8jg			0		Isaiah 08 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 8:6-18, 21-22. Special concepts in this chapter Trust in Yahweh Israel will not trust in Yahweh. Instead, they will trust in their own power, their Gentile allies and the power of false gods. They will be punished because the power of Yahweh is greater than all of these. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
499	ISA	8	1	kzi2			0	Yahweh said to me
500	ISA	8	2	x1fq			0	I will summon faithful witnesses to attest for me
501	ISA	8	3	j2ld	figs-euphemism		0	I went to the prophetess
502	ISA	8	4	g5hy	figs-activepassive		0	the riches of Damascus and the plunder of Samaria will be carried away by the king of Assyria
503	ISA	8	6	k9mk	figs-metaphor		0	Because this people has refused the gentle waters of Shiloah
504	ISA	8	6	x9t3			0	this people
505	ISA	8	6	mbx4	figs-explicit		0	is happy over Rezin and Remaliah's son
506	ISA	8	7	l4ii	figs-pronouns		0	therefore the Lord is
507	ISA	8	7	pbf5			0	bring up on them
508	ISA	8	7	ctu2			0	on them	on the people of Judah
509	ISA	8	7	t9mv	figs-metaphor		0	the waters of the River, mighty and many, the king of Assyria and all his glory
510	ISA	8	7	x441			0	the River	the Euphrates River in Assyria
511	ISA	8	8	ek4i			0	General Information:	The Lord continues to describe the army of Assyria as a river that will flood Judah (Isaiah 8:7).
512	ISA	8	8	ye6u	figs-metaphor		0	The River will sweep onward into Judah, flooding and passing on, until it reaches to your neck
513	ISA	8	8	yl2k	figs-metonymy		0	The River	This refers to the Euphrates River in Assyria. This is a metonym for the Assyrian soldiers, who will come from their homes by the Euphrates River (Isaiah 8:7). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
514	ISA	8	8	w2iu	figs-metaphor		0	Its outstretched wings will fill
515	ISA	8	8	j34k			0	Immanuel
516	ISA	8	9	qq71	figs-activepassive		0	You peoples will be broken to pieces
517	ISA	8	9	qzg7	figs-apostrophe		0	Listen, all you distant countries
518	ISA	8	9	rer3	figs-parallelism		0	arm yourselves for war and be broken in pieces; arm yourselves and be broken in pieces
519	ISA	8	10	q9aj	figs-activepassive		0	Form a plan, but it will not be carried out; issue the command, but it will not be carried out
520	ISA	8	10	mfw3	figs-activepassive		0	it will not be carried out ... it will not be carried out
521	ISA	8	11	svz5	figs-idiom		0	Yahweh spoke to me, with his strong hand upon me
522	ISA	8	11	pq3u	figs-quotations		0	warned me not to walk in the way of this people.
523	ISA	8	12	zbg2	figs-explicit		0	Do not call conspiracy anything that this people calls conspiracy
524	ISA	8	13	nnx7	figs-quotations		0	It is Yahweh of hosts whom you will honor as holy; he is the one you must fear, and he is the one you must dread
525	ISA	8	14	m1u3	figs-quotations		0	General Information:	Isaiah continues the indirect quote of Yahweh that began in Isaiah 8:11-13. It can be translated as a direct quote with Yahweh speaking in the first person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
526	ISA	8	14	pdv3	figs-metaphor		0	He will become a sanctuary
527	ISA	8	14	w1mv	figs-doublet		0	he will be a trap and a snare to the people of Jerusalem
528	ISA	8	14	su1n			0	trap	a device that catches a bird in a net or basket
529	ISA	8	14	uuy2			0	snare	a trap that catches and holds an animal's leg or nose
530	ISA	8	15	nj22	figs-activepassive		0	Many will stumble over it and fall and be broken, and be ensnared and captured
531	ISA	8	15	q3r6	figs-doublet		0	ensnared and captured	These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that they will be caught in the trap. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
532	ISA	8	16	uss4	figs-parallelism		0	Bind up my testimony, seal the official record
533	ISA	8	16	qg84			0	my testimony ... my disciples
534	ISA	8	17	vl67			0	I will wait for Yahweh
535	ISA	8	17	y59u	figs-metonymy		0	who hides his face from the house of Jacob
536	ISA	8	17	p16z			0	house of Jacob	people of Israel
537	ISA	8	18	b1mr			0	I and the sons whom Yahweh has given me are for signs and for wonders in Israel
538	ISA	8	19	vs7z			0	General Information:	Isaiah is speaking.
539	ISA	8	19	ld5t			0
540	ISA	8	19	im2e	figs-you		0	They will say to you
541	ISA	8	19	sx96			0	the ones who chirp and mutter incantations
542	ISA	8	19	n9lj			0	chirp	make sounds like birds
543	ISA	8	19	zsh8	figs-rquestion		0	But should a people not consult their God? Should they consult the dead on behalf of the living?
544	ISA	8	20	i7kp			0	To the law and to the testimony
545	ISA	8	20	fav3			0	the law
546	ISA	8	20	qpm5			0	the testimony	See how you translated this in Isaiah 8:16.
547	ISA	8	20	i61u			0	If they do not say such things	If they do not speak of the law and the testimony
548	ISA	8	20	vr4u	figs-metaphor		0	it is because they have no light of dawn
549	ISA	8	22	d61f			0	oppressive gloom	terrible sadness
550	ISA	8	22	c4e1	figs-activepassive		0	They will be driven into a land of darkness
551	ISA	9	intro	e336			0		Isaiah 09 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter begins with a prophecy that is a continuation of the prophecy concluding the previous chapter. Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 9:1-21. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) Special concepts in this chapter Messiah The prophecy in 9:1-7 is about the coming Messiah. Parts of this prophecy were fulfilled when he first came to earth. Other parts are to be fulfilled when he will return in glory to earth. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Fulfillment of prophecies Some of the prophecies in this chapter were fulfilled in Isaiah's lifetime while others are fulfilled in the distant future. Some scholars believe that there can be multiple fulfillments of each of these prophecies, while others see only one complete fulfillment.
552	ISA	9	1	c7zh	figs-metaphor		0	The gloom will be dispelled from her who was in anguish
553	ISA	9	1	c8yr			0	The gloom
554	ISA	9	1	q9g1	figs-metaphor		0	her who was in anguish
555	ISA	9	1	y275	figs-metonymy		0	In an earlier time he humiliated the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali
556	ISA	9	1	wtc7	figs-metonymy		0	but in the later time he will make it glorious, the way to the sea, beyond the Jordan, Galilee of the nations
557	ISA	9	1	rv6s	figs-metonymy		0	Galilee of the nations
558	ISA	9	2	emm3	figs-metaphor		0	walked in darkness ... lived in the land of the shadow of death	Isaiah speaks of the people living sinful lives and suffering because of it as if they had been walking in a dark or living in a land of shadow of death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
559	ISA	9	2	y2l2	figs-metaphor		0	a great light ... light has shone
560	ISA	9	2	x5ah	figs-idiom		0	the land of the shadow of death
561	ISA	9	3	cz7j	figs-pastforfuture		0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe the time when God will save the people of Israel. Although these events will happen in the future (Isaiah 9:1), Isaiah describes them as if they have already happened. This emphasizes that they certainly will happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
562	ISA	9	3	fxk4	figs-you		0	You have multiplied the nation; you have increased their joy
563	ISA	9	3	i1jr	figs-simile		0	They rejoice before you like the joy at harvest time, as men rejoice when they divide the plunder
564	ISA	9	4	zgk3	figs-pastforfuture		0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe the time when God will save the people of Israel. Although these events will happen in the future (Isaiah 9:1), Isaiah describes them as if they have already happened. This emphasizes that they certainly will happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
565	ISA	9	4	i6r4	figs-metaphor		0	For the yoke of his burden ... you have shattered as on the day of Midian
566	ISA	9	4	k2hi	figs-metaphor		0	For the yoke of his burden ... his shoulder ... his oppressor
567	ISA	9	4	eh66			0	the beam across his shoulder	The beam is the part of the yoke that goes over the shoulders of the ox.
568	ISA	9	4	hfq6			0	beam
569	ISA	9	4	d1k8	figs-metaphor		0	the rod of his oppressor	Isaiah speaks of the power the oppressor has over the people of Judah as if it were the piece of wood used by a person to beat oxen so they will work. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
570	ISA	9	4	egd7	figs-idiom		0	as on the day of Midian
571	ISA	9	5	klu8	figs-activepassive		0	every boot treading in the tumult and the garments rolled in blood will be burned
572	ISA	9	5	py1z	figs-explicit		0	burned, fuel for the fire
573	ISA	9	6	i19i	figs-pastforfuture		0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe the time when God will save the people of Israel. Although these events will happen in the future (Isaiah 9:1), Isaiah describes them as if they have already happened. This emphasizes that they certainly will happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
574	ISA	9	6	h5x2	figs-parallelism		0	For to us a child has been born, to us a son has been given
575	ISA	9	6	g3lc	figs-metaphor		0	the rule will be on his shoulder
576	ISA	9	6	r5cf			0	Counselor	one who advises kings
577	ISA	9	7	nq8j			0	Of the increase of his government and of peace there will be no end	As time passes he will rule over more and more people and enable them to live more and more peacefully
578	ISA	9	7	yu3r	figs-metonymy		0	rules on the throne of David
579	ISA	9	7	k8w3			0	his kingdom, to establish it and sustain it with justice and with righteousness
580	ISA	9	7	ge32			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:9.
581	ISA	9	8	x9c9	figs-idiom		0	The Lord sent a word against Jacob, and it fell on Israel
582	ISA	9	8	nuf4			0	Jacob ... Israel	These names refer to the people of the northern kingdom of Israel.
583	ISA	9	9	w3k1			0	Ephraim ... Samaria	These names all refer to the people of the northern kingdom of Israel.
584	ISA	9	9	qbl6	figs-explicit		0	All the people will know, even Ephraim and the inhabitants of Samaria
585	ISA	9	10	gj6i	figs-explicit		0	The bricks have fallen, but we will rebuild with chiseled stone; the sycamores have been cut down, but we will put cedars in their place
586	ISA	9	11	f9f7	figs-synecdoche		0	Therefore Yahweh will raise up against him Rezin, his adversary
587	ISA	9	11	imx9	translate-names		0	Rezin	This is the name of a man. See how you translated Rezin in Isaiah 7:1. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
588	ISA	9	11	hya1	figs-idiom		0	will stir up his enemies
589	ISA	9	12	ju29	figs-metaphor		0	They will devour Israel with open mouth
590	ISA	9	12	gk5w			0	In all these things, his anger does not subside; instead, his hand
591	ISA	9	12	kxn9	figs-metaphor		0	his hand is still stretched out
592	ISA	9	13	f9al			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:9.
593	ISA	9	14	in46	figs-metaphor		0	head and tail
594	ISA	9	14	cj62	figs-metaphor		0	palm branch and reed
595	ISA	9	16	qp35	figs-metaphor		0	Those who lead this people lead them astray
596	ISA	9	16	ck73	figs-metaphor		0	those who are led by them are swallowed up
597	ISA	9	17	w5bb	figs-synecdoche		0	every mouth speaks foolish things
598	ISA	9	17	b4un			0	In all these things, his anger does not subside; instead, his hand
599	ISA	9	17	v3li	figs-metaphor		0	his hand is still stretched out
600	ISA	9	18	kf1q	figs-metaphor		0	Wickedness burns like a fire; it devours the briers and thorns; it even burns the thickets of the forest
601	ISA	9	18	ee5n	figs-doublet		0	briers ... thorns
602	ISA	9	19	ctw3	figs-activepassive		0	Through the fury of Yahweh of hosts the land is scorched
603	ISA	9	19	bg78	figs-idiom		0	No man spares his brother
604	ISA	9	20	e6kn	figs-metonymy		0	They will grab food on the right hand ... on the left hand	This expression means that the people will grab food wherever they can find it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
605	ISA	9	20	sl21	figs-metaphor		0	Each will even eat the flesh of his own arm
606	ISA	9	21	y7rj			0	In all these things, his anger does not subside; instead, his hand
607	ISA	9	21	gxv7	figs-metaphor		0	his hand is still stretched out
608	ISA	10	intro	dc9a			0		Isaiah 10 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter begins with a prophecy that is a continuation of the prophecy beginning in 8:21. Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 10:1-11, 13-14, 15-19, 27-34. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) Special concepts in this chapter Yahweh's sovereignty Yahweh has so much power and authority that he controls all of the nations. He even controls the nations who do not worship him. He uses Assyria to punish the kingdom of Israel. Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical Questions There are many rhetorical questions in this chapter. Yahweh uses rhetorical questions to make statements about Israel's sin. The Assyrians use rhetorical questions in order to boast in their pride. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
609	ISA	10	1	gwe8	figs-parallelism		0	to those who enact unjust laws and write unfair decrees
610	ISA	10	2	qr4b	figs-parallelism		0	They deprive the needy of justice, rob the poor of my people of their rights
611	ISA	10	2	rlv2			0	the needy	poor people
612	ISA	10	2	mv4z			0	plunder widows	take everything from women whose husbands have died
613	ISA	10	2	w83u	figs-metaphor		0	make the fatherless their prey
614	ISA	10	2	jwk2			0	prey
615	ISA	10	3	gdt3	figs-rquestion		0	What will you do on judgment day ... away?
616	ISA	10	3	xh3w			0	judgment day
617	ISA	10	3	u4fv	figs-rquestion		0	To whom will you flee for help, and where will you leave your wealth?
618	ISA	10	4	iw4t			0	Nothing remains, and you crouch
619	ISA	10	4	p3u9			0	you crouch among the prisoners or fall among the killed	your enemies will either take you as a prisoner or will kill you
620	ISA	10	4	f4fy			0	In all these things, his anger does not subside
621	ISA	10	4	dg4p	figs-metaphor		0	his hand is still stretched out
622	ISA	10	5	fhx7			0	Woe	This word marks the beginning of God's announcement about a severe punishment against Assyria.
623	ISA	10	5	e1zg			0	the Assyrian	This refers to the king of Assyria.
624	ISA	10	5	rrc2	figs-parallelism		0	the club of my anger, the rod by whom I wield my fury
625	ISA	10	6	bn37	figs-synecdoche		0	I send him ... I order him
626	ISA	10	6	nvq3			0	against an arrogant nation and against the people who bear my overflowing wrath	to attack a nation full of proud people who have made me very angry
627	ISA	10	6	i3fl	figs-metaphor		0	who bear my overflowing wrath
628	ISA	10	6	tam5			0	to take the spoil	to take everything they have
629	ISA	10	6	wy5h			0	to take the prey
630	ISA	10	6	ay7c	figs-simile		0	trample them like mud
631	ISA	10	7	y94n	figs-explicit		0	But this is not what he intends, nor does he think this way
632	ISA	10	7	qn96	figs-doublet		0	It is in his heart to destroy and eliminate many nations
633	ISA	10	8	pc5q	figs-rquestion		0	Are not all my princes kings?
634	ISA	10	9	y1s2	figs-rquestion		0	Is not Kalno like Carchemish? Is not Hamath like Arpad? Is not Samaria like Damascus?
635	ISA	10	9	gl7w	translate-names		0	Kalno ... Carchemish ... Hamath ... Arpad	These are all names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
636	ISA	10	10	hfe3			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to quote what the king of Assyria says (Isaiah 10:8).
637	ISA	10	10	nda6	figs-metonymy		0	As my hand has overcome
638	ISA	10	10	tpk7			0	my	This refers to the king of Assyria.
639	ISA	10	10	zf5l			0	whose carved figures were greater	During this time people believed that the greatness of an idol showed how powerful the kingdom that had built it was. The king of Assyria is saying that because the idols in Jerusalem are not as great as the idols of the kingdoms he has defeated, Jerusalem would be less able to defeat him than they were.
640	ISA	10	11	g79t	figs-metonymy		0	just as I did to Samaria and her worthless idols
641	ISA	10	11	y8en	figs-rquestion		0	will I not also do the same to Jerusalem and to her idols?
642	ISA	10	12	g3hp			0	When the Lord has finished his work on Mount Zion and on Jerusalem, I will punish
643	ISA	10	12	yv7l			0	his work on ... and on
644	ISA	10	12	ly8r			0	I will punish the speech of the arrogant heart of the king of Assyria and his prideful looks	I will punish the king of Assyria for the arrogant things he said and the look of pride on his face
645	ISA	10	13	ty9n			0	For he says	For the king of Assyria says
646	ISA	10	13	f9lx	figs-metonymy		0	I have removed ... I have stolen
647	ISA	10	13	bqh5	figs-simile		0	like a bull
648	ISA	10	13	y4e1	figs-metaphor		0	I have brought down the inhabitants	Possible meanings are 1) the king of Assyria has shamed the people of the countries he conquered or 2) he has removed the kings of the nations so they no longer rule. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
649	ISA	10	13	l61t	figs-synecdoche		0	I have brought
650	ISA	10	14	ni7r			0	General Information:	Yahweh is still quoting the king of Assyria (Isaiah 10:13).
651	ISA	10	14	a1xa	figs-metonymy		0	My hand has seized
652	ISA	10	14	ij25	figs-simile		0	My hand has seized, as from a nest, the wealth of nations
653	ISA	10	14	au8g	figs-simile		0	as one gathers abandoned eggs, I gathered all the earth
654	ISA	10	14	yer6	figs-simile		0	None fluttered their wings or opened their mouth or chirped
655	ISA	10	15	kg69	figs-rquestion		0	Will the ax boast about itself against the one who wields it? Will the saw praise itself more than the one who cuts with it?
656	ISA	10	15	l68v			0	the saw	a sharp tool used for cutting wood
657	ISA	10	15	e8a7	figs-parallelism		0	It is as if a rod could lift up those who raise it, or as if a wooden club could lift up a person
658	ISA	10	16	n3zs	figs-abstractnouns		0	Therefore the Lord Yahweh of hosts will send emaciation among his elite warriors
659	ISA	10	16	h9uv	figs-simile		0	under his glory there will be kindled a burning like fire
660	ISA	10	17	xf7a	figs-metaphor		0	The light of Israel will become a fire
661	ISA	10	17	x81s			0	his Holy One a flame
662	ISA	10	17	nh6j	figs-metaphor		0	it will burn and devour his thorns and briers
663	ISA	10	17	a8i4	figs-doublet		0	thorns ... briers
664	ISA	10	18	e4pz	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh will consume the glory of his forest and of his fruitful land
665	ISA	10	18	ice3	figs-merism		0	both soul and body
666	ISA	10	18	r1h9	figs-simile		0	it will be like when a sick man's life wastes away
667	ISA	10	19	li2a			0	The remnant of the trees of his forest will be so few	What remains of the trees in the king's forest will be so few
668	ISA	10	20	whj2	figs-idiom		0	On that day
669	ISA	10	20	jx5m	figs-explicit		0	that has escaped
670	ISA	10	20	t38g			0	will no longer rely on the one who defeated them	will no longer rely on the king of Assyria, who harmed them
671	ISA	10	20	j4ug			0	Holy One	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:4.
672	ISA	10	22	l3hy	figs-you		0	your people, Israel, are
673	ISA	10	22	tmc6	figs-simile		0	are like the sand of the seashore
674	ISA	10	22	xt1x	figs-activepassive		0	Destruction is decreed
675	ISA	10	22	gb5g			0	as overflowing righteousness demands
676	ISA	10	23	m3jr	figs-activepassive		0	carry out the destruction determined throughout the land
677	ISA	10	23	b19q			0	determined	decided
678	ISA	10	24	ww5n	figs-personification		0	the Assyrian
679	ISA	10	24	i2ep	figs-metaphor		0	He will strike you with the rod and raise his staff against you
680	ISA	10	24	an2d	figs-synecdoche		0	He will strike
681	ISA	10	24	l3xf	figs-explicit		0	as the Egyptians did
682	ISA	10	25	w374	figs-abstractnouns		0	my anger will lead to his destruction
683	ISA	10	26	h791			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:9.
684	ISA	10	26	fnc8	figs-metaphor		0	will wield a whip against them
685	ISA	10	26	zpq7	translate-names		0	as when he defeated Midian at the rock of Oreb	This refers to when God helped a man named Gideon defeat the army of Midian. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
686	ISA	10	26	vx2h	figs-metaphor		0	He will raise his rod over the sea and lift it up as he did in Egypt
687	ISA	10	27	e1j7	figs-activepassive		0	his burden is lifted from your shoulder and his yoke from off your neck
688	ISA	10	27	x77u	figs-activepassive		0	the yoke will be destroyed because of fatness
689	ISA	10	28	dh9d	figs-pastforfuture		0	has come ... has passed ... has stored	Isaiah speaks of these future events as though they have already happened. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
690	ISA	10	28	c6sg	translate-names		0	Aiath ... Migron ... Michmash	These are all cities and villages near Jerusalem that the army of Assyria went through and caused trouble in. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
691	ISA	10	29	nvp6	figs-pastforfuture		0	have crossed ... lodge ... trembles ... has fled	Isaiah speaks of these future events as though they have already happened. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
692	ISA	10	29	fay6	translate-names		0	Geba ... Ramah ... Gibeah	These are all cities and villages near Jerusalem that the army of Assyria went through and caused trouble in. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
693	ISA	10	29	b3vg	figs-metonymy		0	Ramah trembles and Gibeah of Saul has fled
694	ISA	10	30	y4ej	figs-idiom		0	daughter of Gallim
695	ISA	10	30	ybe1	figs-metonymy		0	Gallim ... Laishah ... Anathoth	These are names of more cities and villages near Jerusalem that the Assyrian army traveled through causing fear among the people. All of these refer to the people who live in these places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
696	ISA	10	31	dv9p	figs-metonymy		0	Madmenah ... Gebim	These are names of more cities and villages near Jerusalem that the Assyrian army traveled through causing fear among the people. All of these refer to the people who live in these places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
697	ISA	10	32	dub4	figs-metonymy		0	Nob	This is the name of a village or city near Jerusalem that the Assyrian army traveled through causing fear among the people. It refers to the people who live in this place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
698	ISA	10	32	bf9q	figs-idiom		0	he will halt at Nob and shake his fist
699	ISA	10	32	crq2	figs-metonymy		0	the mountain of the daughter of Zion, the hill of Jerusalem
700	ISA	10	33	fn7x			0	Behold
701	ISA	10	33	a8t9			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:9.
702	ISA	10	33	bh4r	figs-metaphor		0	will lop off the boughs ... the lofty will be brought low	Isaiah speaks of the army of Assyria as if it were the tall trees in Lebanon. God will destroy the army like people cutting down the mighty trees of Lebanon. This emphasizes that though the army is strong, God has the power to destroy it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
703	ISA	10	33	qb4e	figs-metaphor		0	will lop off the boughs
704	ISA	10	33	xxu4	figs-abstractnouns		0	with a terrifying crash
705	ISA	10	33	jg1h	figs-activepassive		0	the tallest trees will be cut down
706	ISA	10	33	uza4	figs-metaphor		0	the tallest trees
707	ISA	10	33	n2ts	figs-activepassive		0	the lofty will be brought low
708	ISA	10	33	bra5			0	lofty	proud
709	ISA	10	34	f4p6	figs-metaphor		0	He will chop down the thickets ... and Lebanon in his majesty will fall	Isaiah speaks of the army of Assyria as if it were the tall trees in Lebanon. God will destroy the army like people cutting down the mighty trees of Lebanon. This emphasizes that though the army is strong, God has the power to destroy it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
710	ISA	10	34	xu8i	figs-metaphor		0	the thickets of the forest
711	ISA	10	34	g78z	figs-metaphor		0	Lebanon in his majesty will fall
712	ISA	11	intro	v1l2			0		Isaiah 11 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Messiah The prophecies of this chapter focus on the coming Messiah. Some of these prophecies concern the first coming of Jesus, while some reference a future day of restoration. The author transitions between these time periods without telling his reader. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Ambiguity It is uncertain what period of time these prophecies refer to or who will fulfill them. The translator should allow this uncertainty and ambiguity to remain. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
713	ISA	11	1	fxf2	figs-parallelism		0	A shoot will sprout from the stump of Jesse ... a branch out of his roots will bear fruit
714	ISA	11	1	b412	figs-metaphor		0	the stump of Jesse
715	ISA	11	2	ptc5	figs-metaphor		0	The Spirit of Yahweh will rest upon him
716	ISA	11	2	jsu4	figs-metonymy		0	the Spirit of wisdom ... the Spirit of instruction ... the Spirit of knowledge ... the fear of Yahweh
717	ISA	11	3	dks6			0	Connecting Statement:	Isaiah continues to describe the king.
718	ISA	11	3	euz8	figs-explicit		0	he will not judge by what his eyes see
719	ISA	11	3	vff3	figs-explicit		0	nor decide by what his ears hear
720	ISA	11	4	qt3z	figs-nominaladj		0	the poor ... the humble ... the wicked
721	ISA	11	4	i8ls	figs-parallelism		0	He will strike the earth with the rod of his mouth ... with the breath of his lips he will slay the wicked	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
722	ISA	11	4	t6i4	figs-metonymy		0	He will strike the earth with the rod of his mouth
723	ISA	11	4	ud4k	figs-metonymy		0	with the breath of his lips he will slay the wicked
724	ISA	11	5	izw4			0	the belt of his waist ... the belt around his hips	Possible meanings are 1) the belt is used to secure one's clothes so he can work, or 2) the belt is an undergarment, or 3) the belt is a sash that a king wears to show his authority.
725	ISA	11	5	d2b4	figs-metaphor		0	Righteousness will be the belt of his waist
726	ISA	11	5	xpa4	figs-ellipsis		0	faithfulness the belt around his hips
727	ISA	11	5	z7kt	figs-metaphor		0	faithfulness the belt around his hips
728	ISA	11	6	x4db			0	General Information:	Isaiah describes what the world will be like when the king rules. There will be complete peace in the world. This is shown by the peace that there will be even among animals. Animals that normally kill other animals will not kill them, and they will all be safe together.
729	ISA	11	6	vib1	figs-genericnoun		0	The wolf ... the leopard ... the young lion
730	ISA	11	6	ns1s	figs-genericnoun		0	the lamb ... the young goat ... the calf ... the fattened calf
731	ISA	11	6	uz7p	translate-unknown		0	leopard	a large cat with yellow fur and black spots that kills and eats other animals (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
732	ISA	11	6	z3nc	figs-ellipsis		0	the calf, the young lion and the fattened calf, together
733	ISA	11	6	z96c			0	A little child will lead them	A child will take care of them and lead them to good places to drink water and eat grass or hay.
734	ISA	11	7	u4nf	figs-genericnoun		0	the bear ... The lion
735	ISA	11	7	i5nr	figs-genericnoun		0	The cow ... the ox
736	ISA	11	7	u76u	translate-unknown		0	bear	a very large animal with thick hair and sharp claws that kills and eats other animals (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
737	ISA	11	7	jf3m			0	will graze together	will eat grass together
738	ISA	11	7	shd9			0	their young	This refers to the animals' offspring shortly after they are born.
739	ISA	11	8	hu82			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe the complete peace in the world when the king rules.
740	ISA	11	8	bkr7	figs-explicit		0	A baby will play over the hole of the snake
741	ISA	11	8	nmp6	figs-genericnoun		0	the snake ... the serpent's den
742	ISA	11	8	c4md			0	the weaned child	a child who no longer drinks its mother's milk
743	ISA	11	9	czb2			0	on all my holy mountain
744	ISA	11	9	zv3a	figs-metonymy		0	the earth will be full of knowledge of Yahweh
745	ISA	11	9	asy7	figs-simile		0	as the waters cover the sea
746	ISA	11	10	b699	figs-metonymy		0	the root of Jesse
747	ISA	11	10	x6gn	figs-simile		0	will stand as a banner for the peoples
748	ISA	11	10	e7wp			0	The nations	The people of the nations
749	ISA	11	11	g27p	figs-metonymy		0	the Lord will again extend his hand to recover the remnant of his people
750	ISA	11	11	nr2i	translate-names		0	Pathros ... Elam ... Hamath	These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
751	ISA	11	12	f68i	figs-metaphor		0	He will set up a banner for the nations
752	ISA	11	12	n5uv			0	a banner for the nations
753	ISA	11	12	wg94			0	the dispersed of Judah	the people of Judah who had been scattered around the world
754	ISA	11	12	n4s1	figs-synecdoche		0	from the four corners of the earth
755	ISA	11	13	tv6k	figs-abstractnouns		0	He will turn aside the envy of Ephraim
756	ISA	11	13	f12r	figs-activepassive		0	Judah will no longer be hostile to Ephraim
757	ISA	11	14	j77a	figs-metaphor		0	they will swoop down on the Philistine hills
758	ISA	11	15	cx6x			0	the gulf of the Sea of Egypt
759	ISA	11	15	u6da	figs-metaphor		0	With his scorching wind he will wave his hand over the Euphrates River
760	ISA	11	15	k4y5			0	his scorching wind	This is a strong or hot wind that causes some of the water in rivers to dry up.
761	ISA	11	15	hj6s			0	so it can be crossed over in sandals	so that people can cross over it even while wearing their sandals
762	ISA	11	16	e52k			0	There will be a highway
763	ISA	11	16	b1xk			0	in their coming up from the land of Egypt	when they came up from the land of Egypt
764	ISA	12	intro	x9cy			0
765	ISA	12	1	yv6k			0	General Information:	Here Isaiah continues to describe what it will be like when the king that God has chosen rules (Isaiah 11:1-2).
766	ISA	12	1	b681	figs-explicit		0	On that day
767	ISA	12	1	cgh8	figs-personification		0	your wrath has turned away
768	ISA	12	2	il35	figs-metaphor		0	God is my salvation
769	ISA	12	2	g2h1	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh is my strength
770	ISA	12	2	d9eg	figs-metaphor		0	song
771	ISA	12	2	bt8a			0	He has become my salvation	He has saved me
772	ISA	12	3	ig6e	figs-metaphor		0	With joy you will draw water from the wells of salvation
773	ISA	12	4	ut6u	figs-metonymy		0	call upon his name
774	ISA	12	4	jq63	figs-abstractnouns		0	declare his deeds among the peoples
775	ISA	12	4	wi1x	figs-metonymy		0	proclaim that his name is exalted
776	ISA	12	5	b7hk			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to tell what the people will say when the king rules.
777	ISA	12	6	b2j7			0	for great in your midst is the Holy One of Israel
778	ISA	13	intro	qak7			0		Isaiah 13 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Prophecies It is unclear who is addressed by these prophecies. At times, it appears to be the people of Judah, while at other times it seems to reference the last days. This ambiguity should remain in translation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]])
779	ISA	13	1	ifl8	figs-metonymy		0	about Babylon
780	ISA	13	1	t34a	translate-names		0	Amoz	Amoz was the father of Isaiah. See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:1. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
781	ISA	13	2	she6			0	cry aloud to them
782	ISA	13	2	dkx5	figs-metonymy		0	the gates of the nobles
783	ISA	13	2	tsg1			0	the nobles
784	ISA	13	3	tw9g			0	my holy ones
785	ISA	13	3	mlu4	figs-metonymy		0	I have called my mighty men to execute my anger
786	ISA	13	3	ye22	figs-explicit		0	even my proudly exulting ones
787	ISA	13	4	pl8f	figs-ellipsis		0	The noise of a multitude in the mountains, as of many people
788	ISA	13	4	gi1h	figs-ellipsis		0	The noise of a tumult of the kingdoms like many nations gathered together
789	ISA	13	4	h5sg			0	is mustering	is gathering
790	ISA	13	5	d44z			0	from way over the horizon
791	ISA	13	5	dlj9	figs-metaphor		0	his instruments of judgment
792	ISA	13	6	qux3			0	Howl	cry out loud. The word is usually used of an animal making a sound because it is in pain.
793	ISA	13	6	dff2	figs-metaphor		0	the day of Yahweh is near
794	ISA	13	6	x1dx	figs-metaphor		0	it comes with destruction from the Almighty
795	ISA	13	7	cd7a			0	all hands hang limp	This shows that all the people are very weak and unable to do anything.
796	ISA	13	7	zbv6	figs-metaphor		0	every heart melts
797	ISA	13	8	cx1n	figs-personification		0	pain and agony will seize them
798	ISA	13	8	f5tf	figs-metaphor		0	like a woman in labor
799	ISA	13	8	ixg7	figs-metaphor		0	their faces will be aflame
800	ISA	13	9	wx9a	figs-metaphor		0	the day of Yahweh comes with cruel wrath and overflowing anger
801	ISA	13	9	g4nq	figs-metaphor		0	overflowing anger	Anger here is spoken of as if the one who is angry is a container filled with anger. Overflowing anger means that he is extremely angry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
802	ISA	13	9	i8e4	figs-abstractnouns		0	to make the land a desolation
803	ISA	13	10	d93q			0	The stars of heaven and the constellations	The stars in the sky
804	ISA	13	10	njr5	figs-idiom		0	will not give their light
805	ISA	13	10	mgq5	figs-activepassive		0	The sun will be darkened
806	ISA	13	11	s3b1			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues to talk about what he will do on the day of Yahweh.
807	ISA	13	11	n1em	figs-metonymy		0	the world
808	ISA	13	11	e48c	figs-nominaladj		0	the wicked ... the proud ... the ruthless
809	ISA	13	11	d1ab			0	the ruthless	cruel people
810	ISA	13	11	j6vq	figs-metaphor		0	will bring down the arrogance of the ruthless
811	ISA	13	12	myy1	figs-explicit		0	I will make men more rare than fine gold
812	ISA	13	12	fe8w	figs-parallelism		0	men more rare than fine gold ... mankind harder to find than the pure gold of Ophir	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
813	ISA	13	12	bwf1	translate-names		0	pure gold of Ophir	Ophir was the name of a place where there was pure gold. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
814	ISA	13	13	k82m			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
815	ISA	13	14	d26d	translate-unknown		0	Like a hunted gazelle or like a sheep with no shepherd
816	ISA	13	14	mn88	translate-unknown		0	gazelle	an animal that is similar to a deer. People hunt them, and wild animals sometimes attack and kill them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
817	ISA	13	14	x7hp			0	like a sheep with no shepherd	Sheep that have no shepherd have no one to protect them from wild animals that attack and kill them.
818	ISA	13	15	e18y	figs-parallelism		0	Every one who is found will be killed ... every one who is captured will die by the sword
819	ISA	13	16	zj38	figs-activepassive		0	Their infants also will be dashed in pieces
820	ISA	13	16	hv3v	figs-explicit		0	before their eyes
821	ISA	13	16	j6pn	figs-activepassive		0	Their houses will be plundered
822	ISA	13	16	tfy7	figs-ellipsis		0	their wives raped
823	ISA	13	17	q8ne			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues speaking.
824	ISA	13	17	nqb5	figs-metaphor		0	I am about to stir up the Medes to attack them
825	ISA	13	18	xh97	figs-metonymy		0	Their bows will strike down
826	ISA	13	19	fu8y			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues speaking.
827	ISA	13	19	cz67	figs-activepassive		0	the most admired of kingdoms
828	ISA	13	19	z4ui	figs-activepassive		0	Then Babylon ... will be overthrown by God
829	ISA	13	19	qt9e	figs-abstractnouns		0	the splendor of Chaldean pride
830	ISA	13	20	lb19	figs-doublet		0	It will not be inhabited or lived in
831	ISA	13	20	zgq2	figs-idiom		0	from generation to generation
832	ISA	13	20	vjg1	figs-genericnoun		0	The Arab
833	ISA	13	21	aq3d			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues speaking about what will happen to Babylon.
834	ISA	13	21	t272			0	will lie there	will lie in Babylon
835	ISA	13	21	ym5w			0	Their houses	The people's houses
836	ISA	13	21	a5fz	translate-unknown		0	owls	Owls are wild birds that hunt at night. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
837	ISA	13	21	tw7k	translate-unknown		0	ostriches	Ostriches are large wild birds that run fast and cannot fly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
838	ISA	13	22	r81d	translate-unknown		0	Hyenas	Hyenas are large wild animals that look like dogs and eat dead animals. Their loud cry sounds like a person laughing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
839	ISA	13	22	inv9	figs-ellipsis		0	jackals in the beautiful palaces
840	ISA	13	22	ly2k	translate-unknown		0	jackals	wild dogs (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
841	ISA	13	22	wym1	figs-parallelism		0	Her time is near, and her days will not be delayed
842	ISA	14	intro	k7wp			0
843	ISA	14	1	i59z	figs-metonymy		0	Yahweh will have compassion on Jacob
844	ISA	14	1	i2au	figs-metonymy		0	attach themselves to the house of Jacob
845	ISA	14	2	s7ge			0	The nations will bring them to their own place	The nations will bring the descendants of Jacob back to the land of Israel
846	ISA	14	2	v647	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel
847	ISA	14	2	v5tj			0	They will take captive those who had captured them	The Israelite soldiers will take as captives those who had captured Israelites
848	ISA	14	3	alz7	figs-you		0	from your suffering and anguish
849	ISA	14	4	nfw3			0	How the oppressor has come to an end
850	ISA	14	4	bb3j	figs-ellipsis		0	the proud fury ended
851	ISA	14	4	a26w	figs-metonymy		0	the proud fury ended
852	ISA	14	5	v7xw			0	Connecting Statement:	This is part of the taunt song that the Israelites will sing to the king of Babylon.
853	ISA	14	5	gb7c	figs-metonymy		0	Yahweh has broken the staff of the wicked
854	ISA	14	5	bz1k	figs-metonymy		0	the scepter of those rulers
855	ISA	14	6	yr4l			0	that struck the peoples
856	ISA	14	6	u5vx			0	with unceasing blows
857	ISA	14	6	te29			0	that ruled the nations	who conquered other nations
858	ISA	14	6	xy5f			0	with an attack that was unrestrained	attacking them without stopping
859	ISA	14	7	efq4			0	Connecting Statement:	This is part of the taunt song that the Israelites will sing to the king of Babylon.
860	ISA	14	7	sk3p	figs-metonymy		0	The whole earth
861	ISA	14	8	w8ty	figs-personification		0	Even the cypress trees rejoice over you with the cedars of Lebanon
862	ISA	14	8	qr3b	figs-explicit		0	rejoice over you
863	ISA	14	8	a29a	figs-metaphor		0	Since you are laid low
864	ISA	14	9	k8jm	figs-personification		0	Sheol below is eager to meet you
865	ISA	14	9	hb56	figs-personification		0	It arouses the dead for you, all the kings of the earth
866	ISA	14	10	m71x			0	Connecting Statement:	This is part of the taunt song that the Israelites will sing to the king of Babylon. Here they sing about what the dead kings in Sheol will say to him.
867	ISA	14	10	ykp8			0	They all will speak and say to you
868	ISA	14	11	d9xe	figs-metaphor		0	Your pomp has been brought down to Sheol
869	ISA	14	11	lm34	figs-metaphor		0	with the sound of your string instruments
870	ISA	14	11	x7m3	figs-metaphor		0	Maggots are spread under you
871	ISA	14	11	bsu7	figs-metaphor		0	worms cover you
872	ISA	14	12	ecp6			0	Connecting Statement:	This is part of the taunt song that the Israelites will sing to the king of Babylon.
873	ISA	14	12	g41s	figs-metaphor		0	How you are fallen from heaven, daystar, son of the morning
874	ISA	14	12	tms3	figs-metaphor		0	How you are cut down to the ground
875	ISA	14	13	fum9	figs-explicit		0	I will sit on the mount of assembly
876	ISA	14	13	fr5j			0	in the far reaches of the north
877	ISA	14	15	ytw5			0	Connecting Statement:	This is part of the taunt song that the Israelites will sing to the king of Babylon.
878	ISA	14	15	lyk7	figs-activepassive		0	Yet you are now brought down to Sheol
879	ISA	14	16	ne9m	figs-rquestion		0	Is this the man
880	ISA	14	16	uu7r	figs-metonymy		0	who made the earth tremble	Possible meanings are 1) the earth trembled as the king's army marched to conquer people, or 2) this refers to the people of the earth trembling in fear of him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
881	ISA	14	16	i1pd	figs-metaphor		0	shook kingdoms
882	ISA	14	17	n2f9			0	who made the world like a wilderness	who made the places where people lived into a wilderness
883	ISA	14	18	hj9m			0	Connecting Statement:	This is the end of the taunt song that the Israelites will sing to the king of Babylon.
884	ISA	14	18	k97g	figs-explicit		0	all of them lie down in honor
885	ISA	14	19	s2s8	figs-metaphor		0	But you are cast out of your grave
886	ISA	14	19	a19s	figs-simile		0	like a branch thrown away
887	ISA	14	19	zn4w	figs-simile		0	The dead cover you like a garment
888	ISA	14	19	s24w	figs-metonymy		0	those pierced by the sword
889	ISA	14	19	vwg8			0	who go down to the stones of the pit	The pit refers either to hell, or to a large hole in the ground where many dead bodies are simply dumped.
890	ISA	14	20	p1jq	figs-metaphor		0	You will not join them in burial
891	ISA	14	20	dax2	figs-activepassive		0	The offspring of evildoers will never be mentioned again
892	ISA	14	21	m117	figs-abstractnouns		0	Prepare your slaughter for his children
893	ISA	14	21	usu5	figs-abstractnouns		0	for the iniquity of their ancestors
894	ISA	14	21	dsj6	figs-metonymy		0	so they will not rise up
895	ISA	14	21	urm2	figs-metaphor		0	possess the earth
896	ISA	14	21	pdw1	figs-metaphor		0	fill the whole world with cities
897	ISA	14	22	sk3n	figs-123person		0	this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts
898	ISA	14	22	hv7k			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:9.
899	ISA	14	23	nzb4	figs-personification		0	I will also make her
900	ISA	14	23	s45f	figs-metaphor		0	a possession of owls
901	ISA	14	23	kg27	figs-metaphor		0	into pools of water
902	ISA	14	24	b41x			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:9.
903	ISA	14	24	ff86	figs-parallelism		0	as I have intended, so it will come about; and as I have purposed, so it will be
904	ISA	14	25	x38v	figs-metaphor		0	I will break the Assyrian in my land
905	ISA	14	25	bf5r	figs-synecdoche		0	the Assyrian
906	ISA	14	25	w75i	figs-metaphor		0	trample him underfoot	This represents completely defeating him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
907	ISA	14	25	a5nv	figs-activepassive		0	Then his yoke will be lifted from off them and his burden from off their shoulder
908	ISA	14	25	tr41	figs-parallelism		0	Then his yoke will be lifted from off them and his burden from off their shoulder
909	ISA	14	25	zbe7			0	his yoke ... his burden
910	ISA	14	25	un4r			0	from off them ... from off their shoulder
911	ISA	14	26	e4pl			0	General Information:	This may be Isaiah speaking or it may be Yahweh speaking.
912	ISA	14	26	zf8b	figs-activepassive		0	This is the plan that is intended for the whole earth
913	ISA	14	26	vlj3	figs-metaphor		0	this is the hand that is raised over all the nations
914	ISA	14	27	m56z	figs-rquestion		0	who will stop him?
915	ISA	14	27	q2yi			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:9.
916	ISA	14	27	g997	figs-metaphor		0	His hand is raised
917	ISA	14	27	s25e	figs-rquestion		0	who will turn it back?
918	ISA	14	29	erk5	figs-metaphor		0	the rod that struck you is broken
919	ISA	14	29	f3g7	figs-parallelism		0	For out of the serpent's root will grow out an adder ... his offspring will be a fiery flying serpent	These two phrases are both the image of a serpent's offspring being even more harmful than the serpent. They represent a king's successor being more powerful and cruel than the first king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
920	ISA	14	29	pl9y			0	an adder	a kind of poisonous snake
921	ISA	14	29	i1ui	figs-metaphor		0	a fiery flying serpent
922	ISA	14	30	c4km	figs-metaphor		0	The firstborn of the poor
923	ISA	14	30	nhy1	figs-metaphor		0	I will kill your root with famine that will put to death all your survivors
924	ISA	14	31	i9fx	figs-metonymy		0	Howl, gate; cry, city
925	ISA	14	31	t4fi	figs-metaphor		0	you will melt away
926	ISA	14	31	re77	figs-explicit		0	For out of the north comes a cloud of smoke
927	ISA	14	31	m73z	figs-metaphor		0	a cloud of smoke
928	ISA	14	31	az3q			0	there is no straggler in his ranks	no one in his ranks walks slowly behind the others
929	ISA	14	32	ld7h	figs-rquestion		0	How will they respond to the messengers of that nation?
930	ISA	14	32	geq9			0	Yahweh has founded Zion	Yahweh started Zion
931	ISA	14	32	q7h8			0	in her
932	ISA	14	32	k8ir			0	the afflicted of his people	those of his people who have been afflicted
933	ISA	15	intro	u6k8			0		Isaiah 15 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. This chapter shifts from discussing Judah to the nation of Moab. Moab is punished by Yahweh, even though he is not a god they worship. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/god]])
934	ISA	15	1	ss3j	figs-pastforfuture		0	General Information:	Often in prophecy events that will happen in future are described as happening now or in the past. This emphasizes that the event will certainly happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
935	ISA	15	1	y2ws			0	A declaration
936	ISA	15	1	y4g4	translate-names		0	Ar ... Kir	These are names of cities and towns in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
937	ISA	15	1	x1z2	figs-doublet		0	Ar of Moab is laid waste and destroyed
938	ISA	15	2	z4py	translate-names		0	Dibon ... Nebo ... Medeba	These are names of cities and towns in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
939	ISA	15	2	bsv6	figs-idiom		0	went up to the heights to weep
940	ISA	15	2	kq2g	figs-metonymy		0	Moab laments over Nebo and over Medeba
941	ISA	15	2	w2hx	translate-symaction		0	All their heads are shaved bare and all their beards are cut off
942	ISA	15	3	cv4k			0	General Information:	This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that will happen in the future as if it is happening in the present (Isaiah 15:1-2).
943	ISA	15	3	xag9	translate-symaction		0	they wear sackcloth
944	ISA	15	4	ad56	translate-names		0	Heshbon ... Elealeh ... Jahaz	These are names of cities and towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
945	ISA	15	4	hfj7	figs-metonymy		0	Heshbon and Elealeh call out
946	ISA	15	4	e3i9	figs-metonymy		0	they tremble within themselves
947	ISA	15	5	yx87			0	General Information:	This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that will happen in the future as if it is happening in the present (Isaiah 15:1-2).
948	ISA	15	5	k79u	figs-synecdoche		0	My heart cries out for Moab
949	ISA	15	5	ubi2			0	her fugitives flee
950	ISA	15	5	nqe8	translate-names		0	Zoar ... Eglath Shelishiyah ... Luhith ... Horonaim	These are names of cities and towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
951	ISA	15	5	y7d7	figs-abstractnouns		0	over their destruction
952	ISA	15	6	yr4r	translate-names		0	Nimrim	This is the name of a city or town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
953	ISA	15	7	t1qa			0	The abundance	Everything
954	ISA	15	7	cqq1			0	brook of the poplars	This may refer to the river at the southern border of Moab.
955	ISA	15	8	p12d			0	General Information:	This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that will happen in the future as if it is happening in the present (Isaiah 15:1-2).
956	ISA	15	8	me26	figs-metaphor		0	The cry has gone around the territory of Moab
957	ISA	15	8	teq6			0	the wailing as far as Eglaim and Beer Elim
958	ISA	15	8	sc3g	translate-names		0	Eglaim ... Beer Elim
959	ISA	15	9	fd7d	translate-names		0	Dimon
960	ISA	15	9	i5we	figs-metonymy		0	but I will bring even more upon Dimon
961	ISA	16	intro	ww5p			0		Isaiah 16 General Notes Structure and formatting This chapter is a continuation of the previous chapter and is a prophecy against the nation of Moab. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 16:1-12.
962	ISA	16	1	cc7x			0	General Information:	This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that will happen in the future as if it is happening in the present. This verse is probably what God says the rulers of Moab will say to each other (Isaiah 15:1-2).
963	ISA	16	1	tn1s	translate-symaction		0	Send rams to the ruler of the land	The Moabites will send rams to the king of Judah so that he might protect them from the enemy army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
964	ISA	16	1	yi43	translate-names		0	Selah	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
965	ISA	16	1	g19r	figs-idiom		0	the daughter of Zion
966	ISA	16	2	teb4	figs-simile		0	As wandering birds, as a scattered nest, so the women of Moab are at the fords of the Arnon River
967	ISA	16	2	r8tb	figs-doublet		0	As wandering birds, as a scattered nest	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
968	ISA	16	3	d1qp			0	General Information:	This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that will happen in the future as if it is happening in the present. Verses 3 and 4 is probably the message that the Moabite rulers send to the king of Judah (Isaiah 15:1-2).
969	ISA	16	3	sm3j	figs-metaphor		0	provide some shade like night in the middle of the day
970	ISA	16	4	kq3e			0	Let them live among you, the refugees from Moab
971	ISA	16	4	q1sn	figs-metaphor		0	be a hiding place for them from the destroyer
972	ISA	16	5	uvx1	figs-metonymy		0	A throne will be established in covenant faithfulness
973	ISA	16	5	v5l7	figs-metonymy		0	one from David's tent will faithfully sit there
974	ISA	16	5	e78m	figs-metaphor		0	as he seeks justice	Seeking justice represents wanting to do what is just. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
975	ISA	16	6	fy9x			0	General Information:	This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that will happen in the future as if it is happening in the present (Isaiah 15:1-2).
976	ISA	16	6	k39y	figs-metonymy		0	We have heard of Moab's pride, his arrogance, his boasting, and his anger
977	ISA	16	6	w42t			0	We have heard
978	ISA	16	6	h6ze			0	But his boastings are empty words
979	ISA	16	7	p8b8	figs-metonymy		0	So Moab wails for Moab—they all wail
980	ISA	16	7	pea5			0	for the raisin cakes of Kir Hareseth	because there are no raisin cakes in Kir Hareseth
981	ISA	16	7	hn3v			0	raisin cakes
982	ISA	16	7	u3tz	translate-names		0	Kir Hareseth
983	ISA	16	8	v7h6			0	General Information:	This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that will happen in the future as if it happened in the past (Isaiah 15:1-2).
984	ISA	16	8	tyy8			0	Heshbon	Translate the name of this city as you did in Isaiah 15:4.
985	ISA	16	8	ce7l	translate-names		0	Sibmah ... Jazer	These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
986	ISA	16	8	h33k	figs-metaphor		0	The rulers of the nations have trampled the choice vines	The land of Moab was known for its vineyards. Here God describes the land of Moab as one large vineyard. This emphasizes that the rulers, which refers to the armies, completely destroyed everything in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
987	ISA	16	9	p1lz			0	General Information:	This continues to describe the land of Moab as one large vineyard (Isaiah 16:8). God describes events that will happen in the future as if they are happening in the present.
988	ISA	16	9	b6jh			0	Indeed I will weep
989	ISA	16	9	r1yu	figs-metaphor		0	I will water you with my tears
990	ISA	16	9	c583			0	Jazer ... Sibmah	Translate the names of these cities as you did in Isaiah 16:8.
991	ISA	16	9	l7qj			0	Heshbon ... Elealeh	Translate the names of these cities as you did in Isaiah 15:4.
992	ISA	16	9	uuj5	figs-metonymy		0	For on your fields of summer fruits and harvest I have ended the shouts of joy
993	ISA	16	10	zu17	figs-metonymy		0	I have put an end to the shouts of the one who treads
994	ISA	16	11	hh15			0	General Information:	This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that will happen in the future as if it is happening in the present (Isaiah 15:1-2).
995	ISA	16	11	yx3n	figs-synecdoche		0	So my heart sighs like a harp for Moab
996	ISA	16	11	bc51	figs-metonymy		0	Moab	This refer to the people of Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
997	ISA	16	11	r8w1	figs-ellipsis		0	my inward being for Kir Hareseth
998	ISA	16	11	q54t	figs-metonymy		0	Kir Hareseth
999	ISA	16	12	r3gm	figs-metonymy		0	Moab ... himself ... his	All of these words refer to the people of Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1000	ISA	16	12	i9ei			0	his prayers will accomplish nothing	his prayers will not be answered
1001	ISA	16	13	q3qj			0	This is the word
1002	ISA	16	13	t123	figs-metonymy		0	concerning Moab
1003	ISA	16	14	ubw7			0	the glory of Moab will disappear	The country of Moab will no longer be glorious
1004	ISA	17	intro	uhu9			0		Isaiah 17 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. The ULT sets the lines in 17:1-6, 9-14 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are part of a long quotation. Special concepts in this chapter Damascus This chapter prophesies destruction against the people of Damascus. Damascus was the capital of Aram. The people of Damascus worship gods other than Yahweh and have fought Yahweh's people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Ephraim This chapter prophesied destruction against the kingdom of Israel. They are also called Ephraim in this chapter. Both the northern kingdom of Israel and Aram were conquered at about the same time in history.
1005	ISA	17	1	c1yu	translate-names		0	about Damascus	Damascus is the name of a city. See how you translated this in Isaiah 7:8. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1006	ISA	17	2	ez1z	figs-activepassive		0	The cities of Aroer will be abandoned
1007	ISA	17	2	h23p			0	no one will frighten them
1008	ISA	17	3	c462	figs-synecdoche		0	Fortified cities will disappear from Ephraim
1009	ISA	17	3	rk8g			0	will disappear	This does not mean that they will vanish, but that the cities will be destroyed.
1010	ISA	17	3	iyi9	figs-ellipsis		0	the kingdom from Damascus
1011	ISA	17	3	p2wt	figs-123person		0	this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts
1012	ISA	17	4	d7vw			0	It will come about	This phrase is used here to mark an important event that will happen. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
1013	ISA	17	4	zp66	figs-metonymy		0	the glory of Jacob will become thin, and the fatness of his flesh will become lean
1014	ISA	17	5	xe3f	figs-simile		0	It will be as when a harvester gathers the standing grain ... in the Valley of Rephaim	There will be nothing left in the land after God punishes the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1015	ISA	17	5	m9mp	translate-names		0	the Valley of Rephaim	This is a valley where people normally grew and harvested much food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1016	ISA	17	6	t6d1			0	General Information:	This continues to compare the nation of Israel with a field after it is harvested (Isaiah 17:4-5).
1017	ISA	17	6	l99v	figs-metaphor		0	Gleanings will be left
1018	ISA	17	6	jq39	figs-simile		0	as when the olive tree is shaken
1019	ISA	17	6	ghf6	figs-ellipsis		0	four or five
1020	ISA	17	6	j9w2	figs-123person		0	this is the declaration of Yahweh, the God of Israel
1021	ISA	17	7	srr9	figs-idiom		0	men will look toward their Maker ... will look to the Holy One of Israel
1022	ISA	17	7	yg6i	figs-synecdoche		0	men will look
1023	ISA	17	7	ab45	figs-synecdoche		0	their eyes will look
1024	ISA	17	7	wn3u			0	Holy One of Israel	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:4.
1025	ISA	17	8	ci52	figs-metonymy		0	They will not look to the altars
1026	ISA	17	8	gg5j	figs-synecdoche		0	the work of their hands
1027	ISA	17	8	g7l9	figs-metonymy		0	what their fingers have made ... the Asherah poles or the sun images
1028	ISA	17	9	c6p6	figs-explicit		0	that were forsaken because of the people of Israel
1029	ISA	17	10	y72p			0	For you have forgotten
1030	ISA	17	10	y983			0	the God of your salvation	the God who saves you
1031	ISA	17	10	s6lq	figs-metaphor		0	have ignored the rock of your strength
1032	ISA	17	11	mec4			0	the harvest will fail	there will not be much fruit for you to harvest
1033	ISA	17	12	kh1i	figs-simile		0	The uproar of many peoples, that roar like the roaring of the seas
1034	ISA	17	12	cbz3	figs-simile		0	the rushing of nations, that rush like the rushing of mighty waters
1035	ISA	17	12	u4ze	figs-synecdoche		0	the rushing of nations
1036	ISA	17	13	ls6k	figs-parallelism		0	before the wind like chaff on the mountains ... like weeds whirling before a storm
1037	ISA	17	14	jpf9	figs-metaphor		0	This is the portion of those
1038	ISA	17	14	i9ms			0	loot us ... rob us
1039	ISA	18	intro	qz72			0		Isaiah 18 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Cush This chapter records prophecies against the nation of Cush. They are being punished by Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Metaphors This chapter uses many metaphors to describe the destruction coming to the people of Cush. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1040	ISA	18	1	w55y	figs-metaphor		0	Woe to the land of the rustling of wings, which is along the rivers of Cush
1041	ISA	18	2	fa3r	figs-metaphor		0	by the sea
1042	ISA	18	2	na6w	translate-unknown		0	vessels of papyrus
1043	ISA	18	2	v2kg			0	a nation tall and smooth ... a people feared far and near ... a nation strong and trampling down, whose land the rivers divide	These phrases all describe the people of one nation.
1044	ISA	18	2	zul8	figs-metonymy		0	a nation tall and smooth
1045	ISA	18	2	x6y2	figs-merism		0	a people feared far and near
1046	ISA	18	2	s5qq	figs-metonymy		0	a nation strong and trampling down
1047	ISA	18	2	r4hc			0	the rivers divide	This probably refers to many rivers that flow through the nation so they divide it into different parts.
1048	ISA	18	3	mj1l			0	Connecting Statement:	Verse 3 tells what the messengers in Isaiah 18:2 must say to the people of the world.
1049	ISA	18	3	bil8	figs-parallelism		0	All you inhabitants of the world ... you who live on the earth
1050	ISA	18	3	ru4b			0	when a signal is lifted up on the mountains, look; and when the trumpet is blown, listen
1051	ISA	18	3	fd8p	figs-explicit		0	when a signal is lifted up on the mountains, look
1052	ISA	18	3	art9	figs-explicit		0	when the trumpet is blown, listen
1053	ISA	18	4	d5k5			0	General Information:	God uses a parable about a farmer in a vineyard in order to describe how he will punish a certain nation. That nation is either Ethiopia or Ethiopia's enemy.
1054	ISA	18	4	r5kj			0	This is what Yahweh said to me
1055	ISA	18	4	b3dz	figs-explicit		0	I will quietly observe from my home
1056	ISA	18	4	xwg1	figs-simile		0	like the simmering heat in sunshine, like a cloud of mist in the heat of harvest	These phrases show how quietly God will watch the nation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1057	ISA	18	5	uxf1	figs-explicit		0	Before the harvest
1058	ISA	18	5	he2s	figs-explicit		0	when the blossoming is over
1059	ISA	18	5	i3wm	figs-explicit		0	he will cut off the sprigs with pruning hooks
1060	ISA	18	5	p7u7			0	pruning hooks	A pruning hook is a knife that people use to cut branches off of vines or other plants.
1061	ISA	18	5	pg5q			0	he will cut down and take away the spreading branches	Yahweh will throw away the branches in judgment.
1062	ISA	18	6	dev6	figs-parables		0	They will be left together
1063	ISA	18	6	f1vz			0	The birds will summer on them
1064	ISA	18	6	dh75			0	all the animals of the earth	all kinds of wild animals
1065	ISA	18	6	lpf3			0	will winter on them	will eat them in the winter
1066	ISA	18	7	y8hc			0	a people tall and smooth ... a people feared far and near ... a nation strong and trampling down, whose land the rivers divide	These phrases all describe the people of one nation. See how you translated these phrases in Isaiah 18:2.
1067	ISA	18	7	ggw4			0	a people tall and smooth	a people who are tall and have smooth skin
1068	ISA	18	7	gc7i	figs-merism		0	a people feared far and near
1069	ISA	18	7	n6h8	figs-metonymy		0	a nation strong and trampling down
1070	ISA	18	7	wrg1	figs-metonymy		0	to the place of the name of Yahweh of hosts, to Mount Zion
1071	ISA	19	intro	y3c4			0
1072	ISA	19	1	iz8p			0	See
1073	ISA	19	1	pi3g	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh rides on a swift cloud	Yahweh seems to be pictured here as riding on a cloud as if he was riding in a chariot. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1074	ISA	19	1	st7u	figs-personification		0	the idols of Egypt quake before him
1075	ISA	19	1	qi24	figs-metaphor		0	the hearts of the Egyptians melt within themselves
1076	ISA	19	2	k6cl	figs-ellipsis		0	a man against his neighbor
1077	ISA	19	2	v5rq	figs-metonymy		0	city will be against city
1078	ISA	19	2	k42s	figs-ellipsis		0	kingdom against kingdom
1079	ISA	19	2	usw7	figs-metonymy		0	kingdom against kingdom
1080	ISA	19	3	k6nj	figs-personification		0	The spirit of Egypt will be weakened from within. I will destroy his advice	The nation of Egypt is spoken of here as if it was a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1081	ISA	19	3	h9az	figs-activepassive		0	The spirit of Egypt will be weakened from within
1082	ISA	19	3	t2yv			0	I will destroy his advice, though they sought the advice of ... spiritualists	They sought the advice of ... spiritualists, but that will do them no good. It will not stop me from destroying his advice
1083	ISA	19	3	j1kh	figs-abstractnouns		0	I will destroy his advice
1084	ISA	19	3	cz3n			0	mediums ... spiritualists	These are people who claim to speak with those who have died.
1085	ISA	19	4	e7zd	figs-metonymy		0	I will give the Egyptians into the hand of a harsh master
1086	ISA	19	4	f37v	figs-123person		0	this is the declaration of the Lord Yahweh of hosts
1087	ISA	19	5	buc6	figs-parallelism		0	The waters of the sea will dry up, and the river will dry up and become empty
1088	ISA	19	6	mqq8			0	become foul
1089	ISA	19	6	v3vr			0	will dwindle	become smaller and smaller
1090	ISA	19	6	by1b			0	the reeds and flags will wither away
1091	ISA	19	7	tkv1			0	every sown field beside the Nile	the fields near the Nile where people have planted crops
1092	ISA	19	8	wx4h	figs-explicit		0	The fishermen will wail and mourn, and all who cast a hook into the Nile will mourn, and those who spread nets on the waters will grieve
1093	ISA	19	8	u2jx	translate-unknown		0	cast a hook into the Nile	In order to catch fish, some people put a little food on a hook, tie the hook to a string, and throw the hook into the water. When a fish tries to eat the food, its mouth gets stuck on the hook, and the person pulls the fish out of the water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1094	ISA	19	8	meh3			0	cast	throw
1095	ISA	19	8	u1tx	translate-unknown		0	spread nets on the waters	In order to catch fish, some people toss a net on the water. When fish get caught in it, they pull the net with the fish out of the water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1096	ISA	19	9	dnw4			0	The workers in combed flax	Those who work with combed flax
1097	ISA	19	9	ram5	translate-unknown		0	combed flax	Flax is a plant that grows along the Nile River. People comb its fibers in order to separate them, and use them to make thread for linen cloth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1098	ISA	19	9	kjj4			0	will turn pale	will be ashamed
1099	ISA	19	10	h4de			0	The cloth workers of Egypt	The people of Egypt who make cloth
1100	ISA	19	10	m3g2	figs-metaphor		0	will be crushed
1101	ISA	19	10	fl3d			0	work for hire	work for pay
1102	ISA	19	10	mg9w			0	will be grieved within themselves	will feel very sad
1103	ISA	19	11	tj8g	figs-parallelism		0	The princes of Zoan are completely foolish. The advice of the wisest advisors of Pharaoh has become senseless	These two phrases are similar in meaning. Either the princes of Zoan are also the wisest advisors or Pharaoh, or they are another group of people that also are shown to be foolish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1104	ISA	19	11	ut1b	translate-names		0	Zoan	This is a city in northern Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1105	ISA	19	11	hg6z	figs-rquestion		0	How can you say to Pharaoh ... kings?
1106	ISA	19	12	vn7v	figs-rquestion		0	Where then are your wise men?
1107	ISA	19	12	yi3f	figs-irony		0	Let them tell you and make known what Yahweh of hosts plans concerning Egypt
1108	ISA	19	13	xcx6	figs-metaphor		0	they have made Egypt go astray, who are the cornerstones of her tribes
1109	ISA	19	13	i9nc			0	princes of Zoan	Zoan is a city in northern Egypt. See how you translated this in Isaiah 19:11.
1110	ISA	19	13	ws7v	translate-names		0	Memphis	This is a city in the northern part of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1111	ISA	19	13	wv4n	figs-metonymy		0	made Egypt go astray
1112	ISA	19	14	djx6	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh has mixed a spirit of distortion into her midst
1113	ISA	19	14	i24q			0	distortion
1114	ISA	19	14	d2iu	figs-personification		0	into her midst
1115	ISA	19	14	pf3i	figs-metonymy		0	they have led Egypt astray
1116	ISA	19	14	veh2	figs-metaphor		0	have led Egypt astray	Leading people astray represents influencing them to do what is wrong. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1117	ISA	19	14	yj4b	figs-simile		0	like a drunk staggering in his vomit	Isaiah speaks of the people of Egypt doing what is wrong as if they were made to wander about like a drunken person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1118	ISA	19	15	h1pl	figs-metaphor		0	whether head or tail
1119	ISA	19	15	h6vu	figs-metaphor		0	palm branch or reed
1120	ISA	19	16	yjs8	figs-simile		0	Egyptians will be like women	This emphasizes that the people of Egypt will be afraid and helpless when God punishes them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1121	ISA	19	16	q4i9	figs-metonymy		0	because of the upraised hand of Yahweh of hosts that he raises over them
1122	ISA	19	17	zin3	figs-metonymy		0	The land of Judah will become a cause of staggering to Egypt
1123	ISA	19	17	ad9e			0	Whenever anyone reminds them of her, they will be afraid
1124	ISA	19	18	n3bi	figs-metonymy		0	there will be five cities in the land of Egypt that speak
1125	ISA	19	18	p6li	figs-metonymy		0	the language of Canaan
1126	ISA	19	18	w9p7			0	swear allegiance	promise to be loyal
1127	ISA	19	18	hr4a	figs-activepassive		0	One of these will be called
1128	ISA	19	18	qu9b	translate-textvariants		0	called The City of the Sun
1129	ISA	19	19	mnu1	figs-explicit		0	a stone pillar at the border to Yahweh
1130	ISA	19	20	vgv1	figs-abstractnouns		0	It will be as a sign and a witness to Yahweh of hosts in the land of Egypt
1131	ISA	19	20	w4gy	figs-explicit		0	to Yahweh of hosts in the land of Egypt
1132	ISA	19	20	c365			0	When they cry	When the Egyptians cry
1133	ISA	19	20	bp9e			0	because of oppressors
1134	ISA	19	20	e9e2			0	he will send them a savior and a defender	Yahweh will send someone to save and defend the Egyptians
1135	ISA	19	20	knh3	figs-explicit		0	he will deliver them
1136	ISA	19	21	rad5	figs-metonymy		0	Yahweh will become known to Egypt
1137	ISA	19	21	wc2k			0	will acknowledge Yahweh
1138	ISA	19	21	r2vl	figs-explicit		0	They will worship
1139	ISA	19	21	bcm9			0	will make vows to Yahweh and fulfill them
1140	ISA	19	22	pvf9	figs-metonymy		0	Yahweh will afflict Egypt
1141	ISA	19	22	v3uj			0	afflict
1142	ISA	19	22	u4gc	figs-ellipsis		0	afflicting and healing
1143	ISA	19	22	i7ek			0	afflicting and healing
1144	ISA	19	23	g1ca			0	there will be a highway	A highway is a large road on which many people can travel.
1145	ISA	19	23	s63v	figs-genericnoun		0	the Assyrian will come
1146	ISA	19	23	h5zp	figs-ellipsis		0	the Egyptian to Assyria
1147	ISA	19	23	vjm5	figs-genericnoun		0	the Egyptian
1148	ISA	19	23	vdk8	figs-explicit		0	the Egyptians will worship with the Assyrians
1149	ISA	19	24	x4sx	figs-metonymy		0	Israel will be the third with Egypt and Assyria
1150	ISA	19	24	d63v	translate-ordinal		0	be the third with
1151	ISA	19	25	ial4	figs-metonymy		0	Blessed be Egypt, my people; Assyria, the work of my hands; and Israel, my inheritance
1152	ISA	19	25	hd4u	figs-metonymy		0	the work of my hands
1153	ISA	20	intro	qqp3			0		Isaiah 20 General Notes Important figures of speech in this chapter Naked and barefoot This is an image used in this chapter to describe Assyria's victory over Egypt and Ethiopia. While they will be defeated, they will not be totally destroyed. Instead, they will be left with nothing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1154	ISA	20	1	cw3v	translate-names		0	Tartan	the name of the chief commander of the armies of Assyria (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1155	ISA	20	1	q4u1			0	Sargon	the name of the king of Assyria
1156	ISA	20	1	g7u8	figs-metonymy		0	he fought against Ashdod and took it
1157	ISA	20	2	xk5u			0	walking naked and barefoot
1158	ISA	20	3	mig7			0	an omen	a warning
1159	ISA	20	4	k9su	figs-metonymy		0	the king of Assyria will lead away the captives
1160	ISA	20	4	y6cb	figs-explicit		0	will lead away the captives of Egypt, and the exiles of Cush
1161	ISA	20	4	j58w	figs-metonymy		0	to the shame of Egypt
1162	ISA	20	5	csg5			0	dismayed and ashamed	afraid and put to shame
1163	ISA	20	5	x6ix	figs-metonymy		0	because of Cush their hope and of Egypt their glory
1164	ISA	20	6	ppe5			0	The inhabitants of these coasts	the people who lived in the lands bordering the Mediterranean Sea
1165	ISA	20	6	a114	figs-activepassive		0	where we fled for help to be rescued
1166	ISA	20	6	ul8x	figs-rquestion		0	now, how can we escape?
1167	ISA	21	intro	b7ty			0		Isaiah 21 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 21:1-10, 13-17. Special concepts in this chapter Cush Dumah and Seir are places in Edom. Part of this chapter is a prophecy against Cush. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter The desert by the sea This is a metaphor for an unknown nation. Scholars are divided over the proper identity of this nation, but it is probably Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Mystery The fulfillment of this chapter is very mysterious. It is unknown who is truly being addressed and how this is to be fulfilled in history. The translator should not attempt to give the reader insight into this prophecy's fulfillment. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
1168	ISA	21	1	c5lv			0	A declaration
1169	ISA	21	1	x48q	figs-metonymy		0	about the desert by the sea
1170	ISA	21	1	x94u	figs-simile		0	Like stormwinds sweeping through the Negev	Isaiah compares the army that will attack the people to a storm with strong winds. They will be quick and powerful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1171	ISA	21	1	k1uh	figs-explicit		0	from the wilderness
1172	ISA	21	1	chs7			0	from a terrible land	The army is from a people that cause great fear.
1173	ISA	21	2	gk1g	figs-activepassive		0	A distressing vision has been given to me
1174	ISA	21	2	rpn1			0	the treacherous man deals treacherously	those who deceive will deceive
1175	ISA	21	2	ue2c			0	the destroyer destroys	those who destroy will destroy
1176	ISA	21	2	y49p	figs-apostrophe		0	Go up and attack, Elam; besiege, Media	In the vision given to Isaiah, Yahweh speaks to the armies of Elam and Media as if they are there listening to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
1177	ISA	21	2	n5ct	figs-ellipsis		0	Go up and attack, Elam; besiege, Media
1178	ISA	21	2	x1bk	figs-metonymy		0	Elam ... Media
1179	ISA	21	2	ic7h	figs-metonymy		0	I will stop all her groaning
1180	ISA	21	3	sy98			0	my loins are filled with pain	The vision that Isaiah sees is so troubling it causes him physical pain. Here he describes the pain and cramping in the middle part of his body.
1181	ISA	21	3	lm8g	figs-simile		0	pains like the pains of a woman in labor have taken hold of me	Isaiah compares his pain to the pain of a woman giving birth. This emphasizes the great pain he is feeling. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1182	ISA	21	3	dv2a	figs-activepassive		0	I am bowed down by what I heard
1183	ISA	21	3	eaj7	figs-activepassive		0	I am disturbed by what I saw
1184	ISA	21	4	b8pe			0	My heart pounds; I shake with fear	My heart beats fast and I am shaking
1185	ISA	21	5	y2mh			0	They prepare
1186	ISA	21	5	isa5	figs-metonymy		0	prepare the table
1187	ISA	21	5	t2uh			0	arise, princes
1188	ISA	21	5	v634	figs-explicit		0	anoint your shields with oil	Soldiers would put oil on their leather shields so they would stay soft and not crack during battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1189	ISA	21	6	m5sh			0	post a watchman	tell a watchman to stand on the wall of Jerusalem
1190	ISA	21	7	qai9			0	a chariot, a pair of horsemen	a soldier riding in a chariot, a pair of horses pulling it
1191	ISA	21	8	v2w1			0	Lord, on the watchtower I stand
1192	ISA	21	9	x4x6	figs-metaphor		0	Babylon has fallen, fallen
1193	ISA	21	9	udx7			0	fallen, fallen
1194	ISA	21	10	yv9c	figs-metaphor		0	My threshed and winnowed ones, children of my threshing floor	The people of Israel suffering because of the Babylonians is spoken of as if the people were grain that was threshed and winnowed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1195	ISA	21	10	wdg3			0	My threshed
1196	ISA	21	10	nn8k			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:9.
1197	ISA	21	11	qk1a			0	A declaration
1198	ISA	21	11	f2ac	translate-names		0	about Dumah
1199	ISA	21	11	z3e8			0	One calls to me
1200	ISA	21	11	z8pb	translate-names		0	Seir	This is the name of mountains west of Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1201	ISA	21	11	fhv6	figs-parallelism		0	Watchman, what is left of the night? Watchman, what is left of the night?	This is repeated to emphasize that the person asking the question is worried and nervous. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1202	ISA	21	12	h8eg			0	If you want to ask, then ask; and come back again	Ask me now what you want to know, but also come back later and ask again
1203	ISA	21	13	qlh5			0	A declaration
1204	ISA	21	13	bs2m	figs-metonymy		0	about Arabia
1205	ISA	21	13	q4gt	figs-explicit		0	In the wilderness of Arabia
1206	ISA	21	13	wxn6			0	caravans	a group of people traveling together
1207	ISA	21	13	a76p	translate-names		0	Dedanites	This is a people group that lived in Arabia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1208	ISA	21	14	yz13	translate-names		0	land of Tema	This is the name of a city in Arabia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1209	ISA	21	14	ck51			0	fugitives	A fugitive is a person who runs away so that his enemy will not capture him. See how you translated this in Isaiah 15:5.
1210	ISA	21	14	b4b7	figs-synecdoche		0	with bread
1211	ISA	21	15	y9if	figs-metonymy		0	from the sword, from the drawn sword, from the bent bow
1212	ISA	21	15	tnx9	figs-metaphor		0	from the weight of war
1213	ISA	21	16	y8lk	figs-explicit		0	as a laborer hired for a year would see it
1214	ISA	21	16	z33f	translate-names		0	of Kedar
1215	ISA	22	intro	j95f			0
1216	ISA	22	1	k9gg			0	A declaration
1217	ISA	22	1	r9lq	figs-metonymy		0	about the Valley of Vision
1218	ISA	22	1	eln4	figs-rquestion		0	What is the reason that you have all gone up to the housetops?
1219	ISA	22	2	y1ul			0	a town full of revelry	a town full of people celebrating
1220	ISA	22	2	l5a8	figs-activepassive		0	Your dead were not killed with the sword
1221	ISA	22	2	g7up	figs-metonymy		0	with the sword
1222	ISA	22	3	sd8r	figs-activepassive		0	but they were captured without using a bow
1223	ISA	22	3	geh4	figs-activepassive		0	all of them were captured together
1224	ISA	22	4	ud7n			0	Therefore I said
1225	ISA	22	4	yy7y	figs-metonymy		0	of the daughter of my people
1226	ISA	22	5	mv8s			0	For there is a day	For there will be a time
1227	ISA	22	5	b51a			0	of tumult, treading down, and confusion for the Lord Yahweh of hosts	when the Lord Yahweh of hosts will cause panic, treading down, and confusion
1228	ISA	22	5	p1ny			0	treading down	Possible meanings are 1) this refers to soldiers marching or 2) people in general are running in panic and not sure where to go.
1229	ISA	22	5	nbr9			0	in the Valley of Vision	This refers to Jerusalem. See how you translated this in Isaiah 22:1.
1230	ISA	22	5	q2i2			0	people crying out to the mountains
1231	ISA	22	6	qte5	figs-metonymy		0	Elam takes up the quiver
1232	ISA	22	6	v2pq	figs-metonymy		0	Kir lays the shield bare
1233	ISA	22	6	x6a2	translate-names		0	Kir	Kir is a city in Media. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1234	ISA	22	7	hn61			0	your choicest valleys
1235	ISA	22	8	f395	figs-pastforfuture		0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe a time in the future when an army will attack the people of Jerusalem. Past tense verbs can be translated with future tense verbs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
1236	ISA	22	8	yr3v	figs-abstractnouns		0	He took away the protection of Judah
1237	ISA	22	8	a1h5	figs-idiom		0	you looked in that day to the weapons
1238	ISA	22	8	mz5j			0	Palace of the Forest	This was a part of the temple in Jerusalem where they stored their weapons.
1239	ISA	22	9	b84f	figs-explicit		0	you collected the water of the lower pool	The people will store water so that they will have enough to drink while their enemies surround the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1240	ISA	22	10	maq8	figs-pastforfuture		0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe a time in the future when an army will attack the people of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
1241	ISA	22	10	ypg7			0	You counted the houses
1242	ISA	22	11	by9j			0	You made a reservoir	You made a storage place
1243	ISA	22	11	jt97			0	between the two walls	It is unclear what two walls Isaiah meant. The main point is that they built the reservoir within the city walls.
1244	ISA	22	11	a66l			0	the city's maker	Possible meanings are 1) this refers to the original human builder of the city or 2) this refers to Yahweh.
1245	ISA	22	12	x4ws			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:9.
1246	ISA	22	12	h6es	translate-symaction		0	for shaved heads	This was a sign of mourning and repenting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
1247	ISA	22	13	ct44	figs-metonymy		0	let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we will die
1248	ISA	22	14	f7iw	figs-synecdoche		0	This was revealed in my ears by Yahweh of hosts
1249	ISA	22	14	g3sh	figs-activepassive		0	Surely this iniquity will not be forgiven you, even when you die
1250	ISA	22	14	bmu5			0	even when you die	Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh will never forgive them, even after they die or 2) Yahweh will not forgive them until they die.
1251	ISA	22	15	v7mw	translate-names		0	Shebna	This is the name of the manager of the king's palace in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1252	ISA	22	15	lkg6	figs-metonymy		0	who is over the house
1253	ISA	22	16	ly8w	figs-rquestion		0	What are you doing here and who gave you permission ... in the rock?
1254	ISA	22	16	kv47	figs-parallelism		0	cut out a tomb ... hewing out a grave ... carving out a resting place	These three phrases all refer to making a burial tomb. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1255	ISA	22	16	ux5x	figs-explicit		0	on the heights	The most important people in Israel had tombs in the highest places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1256	ISA	22	17	di6f			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to speak God's message to Shebna.
1257	ISA	22	18	g81e	figs-metaphor		0	He will surely wind you round and round, and toss you like a ball into a vast country	The enemy soldiers coming and taking Shebna as a captive to a foreign land is spoken of as if Yahweh were throwing him like a ball into another land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1258	ISA	22	18	i1nz	figs-metonymy		0	you will be the shame of your master's house
1259	ISA	22	19	jhf3	figs-metaphor		0	I will thrust you from your office and from your station. You will be pulled down	Yahweh causing Shebna to no longer work in the king's palace is spoken of as if Yahweh will throw him to the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1260	ISA	22	19	gg54	figs-activepassive		0	You will be pulled down
1261	ISA	22	20	mt6s			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to speak God's message to Shebna.
1262	ISA	22	20	pfi1			0	It will come about on that day	It will happen at that time
1263	ISA	22	20	t9nz	translate-names		0	Eliakim ... Hilkiah	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1264	ISA	22	21	hnw8	figs-metaphor		0	I will clothe him with your tunic and put on him your sash	Yahweh causing Eliakim to take Shebna's place in the king's palace is spoken of as if Yahweh will dress Eliakim in Shebna's clothes that represent his authority in the king's palace. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1265	ISA	22	21	rpb7	figs-metonymy		0	your tunic ... your sash	Here the tunic and sash represent authority in the king's palace. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1266	ISA	22	21	e26e			0	sash	This is a piece of cloth that people wear around the waist or across the chest. See how you translated this in Isaiah 3:20.
1267	ISA	22	21	xz46	figs-metonymy		0	into his hand
1268	ISA	22	21	h2he	figs-metaphor		0	He will be a father
1269	ISA	22	21	y2lj	figs-metonymy		0	to the house of Judah
1270	ISA	22	22	q3km	figs-metonymy		0	I will place the key of the house of David on his shoulder ... none will open
1271	ISA	22	23	yx5j			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to describe Eliakim, who will replace Shebna in the king's palace.
1272	ISA	22	23	h3j8	figs-metaphor		0	I will fasten him, a peg in a secure place	Yahweh causing Eliakim's authority to be strong and secure in the king's palace is spoken of as if Eliakim were a peg and Yahweh will set him firmly in the palace wall. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1273	ISA	22	23	re2x	figs-metonymy		0	he will become a seat of glory for his father's house
1274	ISA	22	23	vm1p	figs-metonymy		0	his father's house
1275	ISA	22	24	gzh4	figs-metaphor		0	They will hang on him all the glory of his father's house
1276	ISA	22	24	p4as	figs-metaphor		0	every small container from the cups to all the jugs	This continues to speak of Eliakim as a peg. His offspring will be like cups that hang on the peg. This means his descendants will be honored because of him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1277	ISA	22	24	y52b			0	the cups to all the jugs	A cup is a small container that holds water. A jug is a larger container that holds water.
1278	ISA	22	25	nw7j			0	General Information:	This continues the imagery from Isaiah 22:23-24.
1279	ISA	22	25	tll3	figs-metaphor		0	the peg driven in a firm place ... will be cut off	Yahweh causing Shebna to lose his authority in the king's palace is spoken of as if Shebna were a peg in the wall that breaks off and falls to the ground. This emphasizes that Shebna thought his authority was secure but God will remove him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1280	ISA	22	25	l3m8	figs-metonymy		0	the weight that was on it will be cut off
1281	ISA	23	intro	zw88			0		Isaiah 23 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Phoenicia This chapter prophesies destruction against several cities in Phoenicia as well as in Tarshish. The exact location of Tarshish is unknown. Because of the locations mentioned in this chapter, it appears that the Assyrians will conquer many of the nations on the Mediterranean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
1282	ISA	23	1	jb83			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to tell what God has judged against the nations in 13:1-23:18.
1283	ISA	23	1	p3kt			0	A declaration about Tyre	This is what Yahweh declares about Tyre
1284	ISA	23	1	fmd1	figs-metonymy		0	Howl, you ships of Tarshish
1285	ISA	23	1	ggd2			0	harbor	an area of the sea that is near land and safe for ships
1286	ISA	23	1	vu39	translate-names		0	from the land of Cyprus it has been revealed to them
1287	ISA	23	2	h8zu	figs-apostrophe		0	Be silent, you inhabitants of the coast	Isaiah speaks to the people who live on the coast as if they could hear him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
1288	ISA	23	2	b9vq	figs-idiom		0	Be silent
1289	ISA	23	2	e3zr			0	of the coast
1290	ISA	23	2	x6g6	figs-genericnoun		0	the merchant of Sidon, who travels over the sea, has filled you
1291	ISA	23	3	z18x	translate-names		0	Upon the great waters was the grain of Shihor
1292	ISA	23	3	jsl4	figs-possession		0	the harvest of the Nile was her produce
1293	ISA	23	3	yvg2			0	her produce
1294	ISA	23	3	hf67	figs-metonymy		0	it became the commerce of the nations
1295	ISA	23	4	er55	figs-personification		0	for the sea has spoken, the mighty one of the sea ... nor brought up young women	Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh describes the city of Tyre as a mother who speaks about the people who live in the city as her children, or 2) Yahweh is describing the Mediterranean Sea as speaking. The people of Tyre considered the sea their god and father. In either meaning the speaker mourns because its children are destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1296	ISA	23	6	bk9d			0	Cross over to Tarshish
1297	ISA	23	7	m498	figs-rquestion		0	Has this happened to you, the joyful city, whose origin is from ancient times ... to settle?
1298	ISA	23	7	md2c	figs-metonymy		0	the joyful city
1299	ISA	23	7	qlk4	figs-synecdoche		0	whose feet carried her far away to foreign places to settle
1300	ISA	23	7	ws35	figs-metonymy		0	her far away
1301	ISA	23	8	q8gu	figs-rquestion		0	Who has planned this against Tyre ... of the earth?
1302	ISA	23	8	lz33	figs-metonymy		0	the giver of crowns
1303	ISA	23	8	irz8	figs-metaphor		0	whose merchants are princes
1304	ISA	23	8	qwj2	figs-activepassive		0	whose traders are the honored ones of the earth
1305	ISA	23	9	h693			0	to dishonor her pride and all her glory	to dishonor them because they were proud of their own glory
1306	ISA	23	9	fxa3	figs-metonymy		0	her pride ... her glory ... her honored ones
1307	ISA	23	10	h9st	figs-simile		0	Plow your land, as one plows the Nile, daughter of Tarshish. There is no longer a marketplace in Tyre
1308	ISA	23	10	kfi3	figs-metonymy		0	daughter of Tarshish
1309	ISA	23	11	tv4t	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh has reached out with his hand over the sea, and he has shaken the kingdoms	Yahweh using his power to control the sea and the people of mighty kingdoms is spoken of as if Yahweh reached out his hand and shook kingdoms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1310	ISA	23	11	vi8e	figs-metonymy		0	has reached out with his hand over the sea
1311	ISA	23	12	rx71	figs-metonymy		0	oppressed virgin daughter of Sidon
1312	ISA	23	13	ns9f			0	See the land of the Chaldeans
1313	ISA	23	13	y57n			0	siege towers	Soldiers built towers or dirt ramps to attack over the walls of a city.
1314	ISA	23	14	vas5	figs-metonymy		0	Howl, you ships of Tarshish
1315	ISA	23	14	mrm4	figs-activepassive		0	for your refuge has been destroyed
1316	ISA	23	15	bg5c			0	In that day
1317	ISA	23	15	j3vb	figs-activepassive		0	Tyre will be forgotten for seventy years
1318	ISA	23	15	sm6g	translate-numbers		0	for seventy years
1319	ISA	23	15	eq3d			0	like the days of a king
1320	ISA	23	15	y1ei	figs-metaphor		0	like in the song of the prostitute	This speaks about the people of Tyre as if they were a prostitute. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1321	ISA	23	16	q76p	figs-metaphor		0	Take a harp, go about the city, you forgotten prostitute ... so that you may be remembered	This speaks about the people of Tyre as if they were a prostitute (verse 15). Just as a prostitute who is no longer popular may sing in the streets to regain her former lovers, the people of Tyre will try to get people from other nations to return to them to continue trading so that the people of Tyre will be rich and powerful again. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1322	ISA	23	16	sp8f	figs-activepassive		0	so that you may be remembered
1323	ISA	23	17	ri8p			0	It will come about that	This phrase is used here to mark an important event that will happen. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
1324	ISA	23	17	b4c1	translate-numbers		0	seventy years
1325	ISA	23	17	bpr9	figs-metonymy		0	Yahweh will help Tyre
1326	ISA	23	17	au66	figs-metaphor		0	she will start making money again by doing the work of a prostitute ... of the earth
1327	ISA	23	18	jdj2	figs-activepassive		0	They will not be stored up or kept
1328	ISA	23	18	if24			0	those who live in Yahweh's presence	those who obey and serve Yahweh
1329	ISA	23	18	y9rb			0	to supply them with abundant food	so they will have enough food to eat
1330	ISA	24	intro	a6m4			0
1331	ISA	24	1	itu1			0	to empty the earth
1332	ISA	24	2	v1j9			0	It will come about that	This phrase marks an important event. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
1333	ISA	24	2	b89l	figs-ellipsis		0	as with ... so with
1334	ISA	24	2	h3vp	figs-genericnoun		0	the priest ... the giver of interest
1335	ISA	24	2	bb46			0	the receiver of interest
1336	ISA	24	2	i24e			0	the giver of interest	the one who is owed money
1337	ISA	24	3	w1xb	figs-activepassive		0	The earth will be completely devastated and completely stripped
1338	ISA	24	3	ie7i			0	Yahweh has spoken this word	Yahweh has said he would
1339	ISA	24	3	fpt4	figs-metonymy		0	The earth	everything that is on the earth (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1340	ISA	24	4	br27	figs-parallelism		0	The earth dries up and withers, the world shrivels up and fades away
1341	ISA	24	4	hpm9	figs-metonymy		0	The earth ... the world	Both of these represent everything that is on the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1342	ISA	24	5	me5f	figs-metaphor		0	The earth is polluted by its inhabitants
1343	ISA	24	5	mw6f			0	they have transgressed the laws, violated the statutes, and broken the everlasting covenant	they have not obeyed God's laws and statutes, and they have broken God's eternal covenant
1344	ISA	24	6	nq79	figs-pastforfuture		0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe a time in the future when God will judge the earth. Prophets sometimes describe a future event as something in the past or in the present. This emphasizes the event certainly will happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
1345	ISA	24	6	kcu7	figs-metaphor		0	a curse devours the earth	Yahweh cursing the earth and destroying it is spoken of as if a curse were either a wild animal that completely eats the earth or a fire that completely burns up the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1346	ISA	24	6	an7c	figs-activepassive		0	its inhabitants are found guilty
1347	ISA	24	8	aw8w	figs-pastforfuture		0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe a time in the future when God will judge the earth. Prophets sometimes describe a future event as something in the past or in the present. This emphasizes the event certainly will happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
1348	ISA	24	8	bpd3			0	tambourines ... lyre	These are musical instruments. See how you translated these in Isaiah 5:12.
1349	ISA	24	10	cw66	figs-pastforfuture		0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe a time in the future when God will judge the earth. Prophets sometimes describe a future event as something in the past or in the present. This emphasizes the event certainly will happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
1350	ISA	24	10	nje8	figs-activepassive		0	The city of chaos has been broken down
1351	ISA	24	10	q3a5			0	The city of chaos	Possible meanings are 1) the city was in chaos before the Lord breaks it down; the people did not obey God, the government was corrupt, and the city was full of drinking and parties, or 2)the city will be in chaos after God breaks it down. The walls and buildings that were once built strong and tall are now in ruins on the ground. With either meaning it does not mean one city. It refers to cities in general.
1352	ISA	24	10	rk9d	figs-activepassive		0	every house is closed up and empty
1353	ISA	24	11	s8c8			0	because of the wine	because there is no wine
1354	ISA	24	11	wxr1	figs-parallelism		0	all joy is darkened, the gladness of the land has disappeared
1355	ISA	24	11	y34e	figs-metonymy		0	gladness of the land
1356	ISA	24	12	j1wn	figs-pastforfuture		0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to describe a time in the future when God will judge the earth. Prophets sometimes describe a future event as something in the past or in the present. This emphasizes the event certainly will happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
1357	ISA	24	12	dme3	figs-abstractnouns		0	In the city is left a desolation
1358	ISA	24	12	zs7r	figs-genericnoun		0	In the city	This is not a specific city but cities in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
1359	ISA	24	13	j5j7	figs-simile		0	as when an olive tree is beaten, as the gleanings when the grape harvest is done	This compares the nations after Yahweh devastates the land to trees and vines after their fruit has been picked. This means there will be very few people left in the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1360	ISA	24	14	zd27	figs-idiom		0	They will lift up their voices and shout the majesty of Yahweh
1361	ISA	24	14	z4qy			0	They will
1362	ISA	24	14	h3vk	figs-explicit		0	and will joyfully shout from the sea
1363	ISA	24	15	l9zj	figs-metonymy		0	Therefore in the east glorify Yahweh
1364	ISA	24	15	w2f4	figs-metonymy		0	in the isles of the sea give glory
1365	ISA	24	15	ip1j	figs-metonymy		0	to the name of Yahweh
1366	ISA	24	16	zwk3	figs-inclusive		0	we have heard
1367	ISA	24	16	zy21	figs-parallelism		0	I have wasted away, I have wasted away
1368	ISA	24	16	u7aa	figs-parallelism		0	The treacherous have dealt treacherously; yes, the treacherous have dealt very treacherously
1369	ISA	24	17	ec2n			0	Terror, the pit, and the snare are upon you, inhabitants of the earth	You people of the earth will experience terror, the pit, and the snare
1370	ISA	24	17	f3ea	figs-synecdoche		0	the pit, and the snare
1371	ISA	24	18	gix7	figs-synecdoche		0	caught in the snare
1372	ISA	24	18	y2vm			0	the sound of terror	the terrifying sound
1373	ISA	24	18	v3vg	figs-activepassive		0	will be caught in the snare
1374	ISA	24	18	h1cr	figs-metaphor		0	The windows of the heavens will be opened
1375	ISA	24	18	irf6			0	the foundations of the earth will shake
1376	ISA	24	19	r4mc	figs-activepassive		0	The earth will be completely broken, the earth ripped apart; the earth will be violently shaken
1377	ISA	24	20	gqx5	figs-simile		0	The earth will stagger like a drunken man and it will sway back and forth like a hut	These similes emphasize how the earth will shake back and forth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1378	ISA	24	20	j3i5	figs-metaphor		0	Its sin will be heavy on it and it will fall and never rise again
1379	ISA	24	21	dsm9			0	On that day	At that time
1380	ISA	24	21	l4tv	figs-explicit		0	the host of the heaven
1381	ISA	24	21	vwu5			0	in the heavens	in the sky
1382	ISA	24	22	m1h2	figs-activepassive		0	They will be gathered together, prisoners in a pit, and will be shut up in a prison
1383	ISA	24	22	a1hh	figs-activepassive		0	they will be punished
1384	ISA	24	23	jhu9	figs-personification		0	Then the moon will be ashamed, and the sun disgraced	The sun and the moon are described as a person who is ashamed of being in front of someone with greater power. In the presence of Yahweh, the light of the moon and sun will seem less bright. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1385	ISA	25	intro	p6t1			0		Isaiah 25 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. This chapter shifts from being a prophecy against the nations to the personal praises of Isaiah. He praises Yahweh for the deliverance of his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) Special concepts in this chapter Reign of the Messiah This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. This chapter pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator should not add explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
1386	ISA	25	1	fw3y	figs-metonymy		0	praise your name
1387	ISA	25	1	e938	figs-activepassive		0	things planned long ago
1388	ISA	25	1	th82	figs-abstractnouns		0	in perfect faithfulness
1389	ISA	25	2	a6p6	figs-genericnoun		0	the city	This is not referring to a certain city. It means cities in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
1390	ISA	25	2	f62g			0	a fortress of strangers	a fortress belonging to foreigners
1391	ISA	25	3	s2dv	figs-metonymy		0	a city of ruthless nations
1392	ISA	25	4	c6es	figs-metaphor		0	you have been a place of safety ... a shelter ... a shelter from the storm ... a shade from the heat	Yahweh protecting his people is spoken of as if he were a place that the people could go to be safe and comforted. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1393	ISA	25	4	n142	figs-simile		0	When the breath of the ruthless was like a storm against a wall	Ruthless people oppressing the people of God is spoken of as if they were a storm beating against a wall. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1394	ISA	25	4	nhn3			0	When the breath
1395	ISA	25	4	y8cs	figs-nominaladj		0	the ruthless
1396	ISA	25	5	bf3r	figs-simile		0	like heat in a dry land	This compares the enemies of God's people to the heat that dries up the land. This emphasizes how much the enemies cause the people of God to suffer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1397	ISA	25	5	t81k	figs-simile		0	as the heat is subdued ... ruthless ones is answered	Yahweh stopping ruthless people from singing and boasting is compared to a cloud providing shade on a hot day. This emphasizes that Yahweh comforts his people by stopping those who cause them to suffer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1398	ISA	25	5	pqi6	figs-activepassive		0	as the heat is subdued by the shade of a cloud
1399	ISA	25	5	adv7	figs-activepassive		0	the song of the ruthless ones is answered
1400	ISA	25	6	gbd9			0	On this mountain	This refers to Jerusalem or Mount Zion.
1401	ISA	25	6	rt19			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:9.
1402	ISA	25	6	jlw1			0	a feast of fat things
1403	ISA	25	6	vv56			0	a feast on the lees
1404	ISA	25	7	m1ll	figs-metaphor		0	the covering over all peoples, the web woven over all the nations	Death, suffering, and sadness are spoken of as if they were a dark cloud or web that covers everyone on the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1405	ISA	25	8	n8s2	figs-metaphor		0	He will swallow up death forever	Yahweh causing people to live forever is spoken of as if he would swallow death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1406	ISA	25	8	p3ey	figs-metaphor		0	the disgrace of his people he will take away from all the earth	Yahweh causing the people to never be ashamed again is spoken of as if disgrace were an object that Yahweh would take away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1407	ISA	25	9	bh2b	figs-activepassive		0	It will be said
1408	ISA	25	9	g6gj			0	on that day	at that time
1409	ISA	25	10	d1jb	figs-metonymy		0	For on this mountain the hand of Yahweh will rest
1410	ISA	25	10	zd1u	figs-metaphor		0	Moab will be trampled down in his place, even as straw is trampled down in a pit filled with manure	Yahweh destroying the people of Moab is spoken of as if he would step on them and crush them. This is compared to how people trampled on straw to mix it with manure. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1411	ISA	25	10	liv7	figs-metonymy		0	Moab will be trampled down in his place
1412	ISA	25	11	dsp1	figs-simile		0	They will spread their hands ... his hands to swim	This simile emphasizes how badly Yahweh will humiliate the people of Moab. They will spread their hands in dung like a swimmer spreads his hands in water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1413	ISA	25	11	y282			0	They will spread their hands in the midst of it	The people of Moab will push their hands through the dung
1414	ISA	25	11	zg36			0	as a swimmer spreads his hands to swim	as if they were swimming
1415	ISA	25	11	kk8y	figs-metaphor		0	will bring down their pride	Yahweh humiliating a proud person is spoken of as if pride were something high and Yahweh would cause it to be low. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1416	ISA	25	11	cmz8	figs-metonymy		0	in spite of the skill of their hands
1417	ISA	25	12	i3tb	figs-metonymy		0	Your high fortress walls he will bring down to the ground, to the dust
1418	ISA	25	12	m6re	figs-123person		0	Your high fortress
1419	ISA	26	intro	im4d			0
1420	ISA	26	1	u2d5			0	In that day	At that time
1421	ISA	26	1	p5n8	figs-activepassive		0	this song will be sung in the land of Judah
1422	ISA	26	1	u7ja			0	We have a strong city	This refers to the city of Jerusalem.
1423	ISA	26	1	vc1e	figs-metaphor		0	God has made salvation its walls and ramparts	God's power to protect and save his people is spoken of as if his salvation were walls around a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1424	ISA	26	2	q8p1	figs-metonymy		0	the righteous nation that keeps faith
1425	ISA	26	3	x8wp	figs-metonymy		0	The mind that is stayed on you
1426	ISA	26	4	rlm9			0	Yah, Yahweh	Yah is another name for Yahweh.
1427	ISA	26	4	k4ey	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh, is an everlasting rock	Yahweh having the power to protect his people is spoken of as if he were a tall rock where people could go to escape from their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1428	ISA	26	5	vry8	figs-metaphor		0	he will bring down those who live proudly	Yahweh humiliating those who are proud is spoken of as if proud people were up high and he would cause them to come down low. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1429	ISA	26	5	lh5m	figs-genericnoun		0	the fortified city	This means fortified cities in general not a specific city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
1430	ISA	26	5	mc9n	figs-metonymy		0	he will lay low ... he will level	Yahweh causing an army to destroy fortified cities is spoken of as if Yahweh would do it himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1431	ISA	26	6	uu7e	figs-parallelism		0	It will be trampled down by the feet of the poor and the treading of the needy
1432	ISA	26	7	a6cq	figs-parallelism		0	The path of the righteous is level ... the path of the righteous you make straight	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. People obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if they were walking on his path. Yahweh ensuring the people that what they do is right is spoken of as if he were making the path level and straight for them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1433	ISA	26	8	xz29	figs-metaphor		0	in the path of your judgments, Yahweh, we wait for you
1434	ISA	26	8	xu1v			0	of your judgments
1435	ISA	26	8	xk92	figs-exclusive		0	we wait
1436	ISA	26	8	cn7i	figs-metonymy		0	your name and your reputation are our desire
1437	ISA	26	9	uq9i	figs-metaphor		0	my spirit within me seeks you earnestly
1438	ISA	26	9	psm8	figs-synecdoche		0	my spirit within me seeks you earnestly
1439	ISA	26	10	yd2r	figs-activepassive		0	Let favor be shown to the wicked one, but he will not learn righteousness
1440	ISA	26	10	v6id	figs-genericnoun		0	the wicked one	This means wicked people in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
1441	ISA	26	10	we5i	figs-metonymy		0	In the land of uprightness
1442	ISA	26	10	cl5a	figs-metonymy		0	does not see the majesty of Yahweh
1443	ISA	26	11	nvi7	figs-metaphor		0	your hand is lifted up	Yahweh preparing to punish wicked people is spoken of as if his hand were raised and about to hit the wicked people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1444	ISA	26	11	izk8			0	but they do not notice	but the wicked people do not notice
1445	ISA	26	11	c1n1	figs-metonymy		0	they will see your zeal for the people
1446	ISA	26	11	q4xz	figs-activepassive		0	be put to shame
1447	ISA	26	11	bh8p	figs-metaphor		0	fire of your adversaries will devour them	Yahweh punishing and completely destroying his adversaries is spoken of as if he would send a fire that will completely burn them up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1448	ISA	26	11	b1pq			0	fire of your adversaries
1449	ISA	26	12	f2jb	figs-exclusive		0	for us
1450	ISA	26	13	pb5l	figs-metonymy		0	but we praise your name alone
1451	ISA	26	14	uj52			0	they will not arise	they will not come back to life
1452	ISA	26	14	yt3t	figs-metaphor		0	made every memory of them to perish	Yahweh causing people to no longer remember those he destroyed is spoken of as if Yahweh made their memory perish or die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1453	ISA	26	15	mic5	figs-parallelism		0	You have increased the nation, Yahweh, you have increased the nation
1454	ISA	26	16	m26y	figs-123person		0	they looked to you
1455	ISA	26	16	vn3a	figs-idiom		0	looked to you	This idiom means they asked Yahweh for help. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1456	ISA	26	16	q3db	figs-abstractnouns		0	when your discipline was on them
1457	ISA	26	17	w2a9	figs-simile		0	As a pregnant woman ... cries out in her labor pains	This compares the people to a woman giving birth. This emphasizes their suffering and crying when Yahweh disciplined them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1458	ISA	26	18	z3re	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to compare the suffering of the people of Judah to a woman giving birth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1459	ISA	26	18	j8g2	figs-simile		0	but it is as if we have only given birth to wind
1460	ISA	26	18	qd8n	figs-metonymy		0	We have not brought salvation to the earth, and the inhabitants of the world have not fallen
1461	ISA	26	18	v5pe	figs-abstractnouns		0	We have not brought salvation to the earth
1462	ISA	26	18	il5k			0	and the inhabitants of the world have not fallen	nor have we caused the wicked people of the world to fall in battle
1463	ISA	26	19	tuj5	figs-nominaladj		0	Your dead will live
1464	ISA	26	19	ak1f			0	Your dead
1465	ISA	26	19	d48t	figs-metaphor		0	Awake	This speaks of dead people coming back to life as if they were waking up from sleep. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1466	ISA	26	19	cvc4	figs-euphemism		0	you who live in the dust
1467	ISA	26	19	zv5y	figs-metaphor		0	for your dew is the dew of light	Yahweh acting kindly towards his people and bringing them back to life is spoken of as if it were the dew that causes the plants to live. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1468	ISA	26	19	gnz9			0	for your dew
1469	ISA	26	19	m8v6			0	dew of light
1470	ISA	26	19	gb4p	figs-metaphor		0	the earth will bring forth its dead
1471	ISA	26	20	z699			0	my people
1472	ISA	26	20	k2ad	figs-abstractnouns		0	until the indignation has passed by
1473	ISA	26	21	rcq2	figs-personification		0	the earth will uncover her bloodshed, and will no longer conceal her slain	Yahweh revealing all murders that have happened on the earth so that he can punish the murderers is spoken of as if the earth itself will reveal everyone who has been murdered. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1474	ISA	27	intro	p2zg			0
1475	ISA	27	1	u82j			0	On that day	At that time
1476	ISA	27	1	zm2d	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh with his hard, great and fierce sword will punish	Yahweh having the power to destroy his enemies is spoken of as if he had strong, large sword. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1477	ISA	27	1	tj3b			0	the monster that is in the sea	This refers to Leviathan.
1478	ISA	27	2	w1yf	figs-metaphor		0	A vineyard of wine, sing of it
1479	ISA	27	3	cy2e			0	I, Yahweh, am its protector	I, Yahweh, protect the vineyard
1480	ISA	27	3	rpd8	figs-merism		0	night and day
1481	ISA	27	4	av5d			0	Connecting Statement:	This continues to speak about the people of Israel as if they were a vineyard (Isaiah 27:2-3).
1482	ISA	27	4	s3xp			0	I am not angry, Oh, that there were briers and thorns! In battle I would march against them	I am not angry. If there were briers and thorns I would march against them in battle
1483	ISA	27	4	z6jj	figs-ellipsis		0	I am not angry
1484	ISA	27	4	v9e5	figs-metaphor		0	that there were briers and thorns	The enemies of the people of Israel are spoken of as if they were briers and thorns growing in the vineyard. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1485	ISA	27	4	tw3t			0	briers and thorns	See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 5:6.
1486	ISA	27	4	bic8	figs-metaphor		0	In battle I would march against them	Yahweh fighting his enemies is spoken of as if he were a warrior in an army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1487	ISA	27	4	ij4d	figs-metaphor		0	I would march against them; I would burn them all together	Here Isaiah combines different images to speak of Yahweh's enemies. He speaks of them as if they are briers and thorns but also as soldiers in an army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1488	ISA	27	5	j31l	figs-abstractnouns		0	unless they grasp my protection
1489	ISA	27	5	je5d			0	make peace with me; let them make peace with me	they ask to live peacefully with me; I want them to live peacefully with me
1490	ISA	27	6	n2nh			0	General Information:	Isaiah is speaking. He continues to describe the people of Israel as a vineyard (Isaiah 27:2).
1491	ISA	27	6	cx3i	figs-metaphor		0	In the coming day
1492	ISA	27	6	f8jg	figs-metaphor		0	Jacob will take root; Israel will blossom and bud
1493	ISA	27	6	jk11	figs-metonymy		0	Jacob ... Israel
1494	ISA	27	6	eia2	figs-metaphor		0	they will fill the surface of the ground with fruit	Yahweh causing the people of Israel to prosper greatly so that they can help other people is spoken of as if they were a vine that grows so much fruit that it would cover the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1495	ISA	27	7	am12	figs-rquestion		0	Has Yahweh attacked Jacob and Israel as he attacked those nations who attacked them?
1496	ISA	27	7	r118	figs-metonymy		0	Jacob ... Israel	These represent the descendants of Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1497	ISA	27	7	ukm8	figs-activepassive		0	Have Jacob and Israel been killed as in the slaughter of those nations that were killed by them?
1498	ISA	27	8	f4he	figs-you		0	In exact measure you have contended
1499	ISA	27	8	kfc2	figs-metonymy		0	sending Jacob and Israel away
1500	ISA	27	8	rqg2	figs-metaphor		0	he drove them away with his fierce breath in the day of the east wind
1501	ISA	27	9	nf4r			0	So in this way
1502	ISA	27	9	l9b7	figs-activepassive		0	the iniquity of Jacob will be atoned for
1503	ISA	27	9	yjh1	figs-metonymy		0	iniquity of Jacob ... removal of his sin
1504	ISA	27	9	mn35			0	for this will be
1505	ISA	27	9	zy5g	figs-metaphor		0	the full fruit
1506	ISA	27	9	x5ca	figs-metonymy		0	he will make all the altar stones as chalk and crushed to pieces, and no Asherah poles or incense altars will remain standing
1507	ISA	27	10	fw6l	figs-pastforfuture		0	For the fortified city is ... consumes its branches	Here Isaiah describes an event that will happen in the future as if it already happened. This emphasizes that it certainly will happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
1508	ISA	27	10	na1y	figs-activepassive		0	For the fortified city is desolate, the habitation is deserted and forsaken like the wilderness
1509	ISA	27	10	b7hh	figs-genericnoun		0	the fortified city ... the habitation	This does not refer to a specific city or habitation but to cities and habitations in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
1510	ISA	27	10	mv1s	figs-genericnoun		0	a calf feeds, and there he lies down and consumes
1511	ISA	27	11	k9fn	figs-metaphor		0	When the boughs ... not a people of understanding	The people becoming so weak because they disobey Yahweh so that enemies can easily destroy them is spoken of as if they are dry branches that women break off of a tree. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1512	ISA	27	11	k85z	figs-activepassive		0	When the boughs are withered, they will be broken off. Women will come and make fires with them
1513	ISA	27	11	pi5e	figs-explicit		0	this is not a people of understanding
1514	ISA	27	11	js5n			0	a people
1515	ISA	27	11	v3yx	figs-parallelism		0	Therefore their Maker will not have compassion on them, and he who made them will not be merciful to them
1516	ISA	27	12	f19u			0	It will come about	This phrase marks an important event that will happen.
1517	ISA	27	12	g87l			0	on that day	at that time
1518	ISA	27	12	n43h	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh will thresh	Yahweh gathering his people to bring them back from the foreign nations to the land of Israel is spoken of as if he were threshing wheat to separate the grain from the chaff. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1519	ISA	27	12	nx3t			0	from the Euphrates River to the Wadi of Egypt	Isaiah mentions the Euphrates River and the Wadi of Egypt to mean that Yahweh will bring back the people of Israel who were exiled in lands near those waters, that is, Assyria and Egypt. The Euphrates River is northeast of Israel, and the Wadi of Egypt is southwest of Israel.
1520	ISA	27	12	v8t2			0	the Wadi of Egypt	the brook of Egypt
1521	ISA	27	12	gz3e	figs-activepassive		0	you ... will be gathered together one by one
1522	ISA	27	13	i56v	figs-activepassive		0	a great trumpet will be blown
1523	ISA	27	13	qs1g	figs-ellipsis		0	the perishing ones in the land of Assyria will come, and the outcasts in the land of Egypt
1524	ISA	27	13	bdq2			0	holy mountain
1525	ISA	28	intro	np8h			0
1526	ISA	28	1	j6gg	figs-metaphor		0	Woe to the proud garland ... on the head of the lush Valley of those who are overcome with wine
1527	ISA	28	1	i15u			0	who are overcome with wine	who are drunk with wine
1528	ISA	28	2	yjl9			0	Behold
1529	ISA	28	2	s6hx	figs-synecdoche		0	the Lord sends one who is mighty and strong
1530	ISA	28	2	xf11	figs-simile		0	storm of hail
1531	ISA	28	2	ew8c	figs-metaphor		0	he will throw each garland crown down to the ground	The king and his powerful army destroying the people of Samaria and their city is spoken of as if the king will throw the people's garlands onto the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1532	ISA	28	3	vm68			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to speak about the people and the city of Samaria as if they were a garland (Isaiah 28:1-2).
1533	ISA	28	3	pp4k	figs-activepassive		0	The proud garland of the drunkards of Ephraim will be trodden underfoot
1534	ISA	28	3	wtt6	figs-metaphor		0	proud garland ... of Ephraim
1535	ISA	28	4	qq5i	figs-metaphor		0	that is on the head of the rich valley	The city of Samaria, the capital of Israel, sits above a fertile valley. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1536	ISA	28	4	yw2k	figs-simile		0	will be as the first ripe fig ... gulps it down	This speaks of the enemy soldiers seeing the beauty of Samaria and quickly plundering it as if they were a person who sees the first fig of the season and quickly eats it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1537	ISA	28	5	s84s			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:9.
1538	ISA	28	5	twb7	figs-metaphor		0	will become a beautiful crown and a diadem of beauty	Yahweh is spoken of as if he were to become a beautiful crown that the people who honor him as their true king would wear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1539	ISA	28	5	llj8	figs-doublet		0	a beautiful crown and a diadem of beauty
1540	ISA	28	6	mx85	figs-abstractnouns		0	a spirit of justice for him who sits in judgment, and strength for those who
1541	ISA	28	6	bay6	figs-idiom		0	a spirit of justice
1542	ISA	28	6	sak7	figs-idiom		0	sits in judgment	This idiom means the person has the authority to judge. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1543	ISA	28	6	t37f	figs-idiom		0	strength for those who turn back their enemies at their gates
1544	ISA	28	7	jcw4			0	But even these	But even the leaders
1545	ISA	28	7	a7gn	figs-genericnoun		0	The priest and the prophet
1546	ISA	28	7	lfv9	figs-parallelism		0	reel with wine, and stagger with strong drink
1547	ISA	28	7	v8we	figs-metaphor		0	they are swallowed up by wine
1548	ISA	28	7	d4bm			0	staggering in vision and reeling in decision	Just like they are too drunk to walk correctly, they are too drunk to understand the visions God gives them or to make good decisions.
1549	ISA	28	9	ny13	figs-rquestion		0	To whom will he teach knowledge, and to whom will he explain the message?
1550	ISA	28	9	t6vi	figs-rquestion		0	To those who are weaned from milk or to those just taken from the breasts?
1551	ISA	28	10	fb5v			0	For it is command upon command, command upon command; rule upon rule, rule upon rule; here a little, there a little	The drunk prophets and priests criticize Isaiah because they feel that Isaiah is repeating simple commands as if he were talking to a child.
1552	ISA	28	11	hfl6	figs-synecdoche		0	with mocking lips and a foreign tongue he will speak to this people
1553	ISA	28	11	kb8u			0	mocking lips	stammering lips
1554	ISA	28	12	gkx1	figs-abstractnouns		0	This is the rest
1555	ISA	28	12	se68	figs-abstractnouns		0	give rest to him who is weary
1556	ISA	28	12	v7ew	figs-abstractnouns		0	this is the refreshing
1557	ISA	28	13	z6r4			0	So the word of Yahweh	So Yahweh's message
1558	ISA	28	13	ds6z			0	command upon command, command upon command; rule upon rule, rule upon rule; here a little, there a little	These are the words that the drunk priests and prophets used to criticize how Isaiah teaches them. See how you translated this in Isaiah 28:10.
1559	ISA	28	13	i6sd	figs-activepassive		0	so that they may go and fall backward, and be broken, ensnared, and captured
1560	ISA	28	13	b7le	figs-metaphor		0	go and fall backward, and be broken	People losing in battle to the enemy army is spoken of as if the people will fall down and break. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1561	ISA	28	13	c32b	figs-metaphor		0	ensnared	The enemy soldiers capturing the people of Israel is spoken of as if they were hunters that catch an animal in a snare. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1562	ISA	28	14	y37t			0	So listen to the word of Yahweh	So listen to Yahweh's message
1563	ISA	28	15	u1bd	figs-parallelism		0	We have made a covenant with death, and with Sheol we have reached an agreement	Both of these statements mean basically the same thing. Possible meanings are 1) the leaders of Jerusalem have used magic or sorcery to try to make an agreement with the gods of the place of the dead so that these gods would protect them from dying or 2) this is a metaphor that speaks of the leaders having made an agreement with the leaders of Egypt. The leaders of Jerusalem were so confident that the Egyptians would protect that it was like they had made an agreement with the gods of the place of the dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1564	ISA	28	15	x2p3	figs-metaphor		0	So when the overwhelming whip passes through, it will not reach us
1565	ISA	28	15	r8ix	figs-parallelism		0	For we have made a lie our refuge, and taken shelter in falsehood
1566	ISA	28	15	ux1b			0	a lie our refuge ... taken shelter in falsehood	Possible meanings are 1) the leaders trust in their own lies that they have said in order to protect themselves or 2) the leaders trust that the covenant they have made with the false gods of the place of the dead will keep them safe or 3) the leaders trust that the agreement they have made with the Egyptians will keep them safe.
1567	ISA	28	16	ff3c			0	See
1568	ISA	28	16	tf5e	figs-metaphor		0	I will lay in Zion a foundation stone ... sure foundation	Yahweh sending a strong person to help the people of Israel is spoken of as if Yahweh is constructing a strong foundation for a building. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1569	ISA	28	16	js3j			0	a tried stone	a stone that is solid
1570	ISA	28	16	mc8y			0	a sure foundation	a firm support
1571	ISA	28	16	pkf8			0	He who believes will not be ashamed	Anyone who trusts in this foundation stone will not be sorry
1572	ISA	28	17	n7kr			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to compare what he will do for the people in Jerusalem to a builder setting up a building (Isaiah 28:16).
1573	ISA	28	17	yd66	figs-metaphor		0	I will make justice the measuring stick, and righteousness the plumbline	Yahweh testing according to his justice and righteousness to determine if the people are just and righteous is spoken of as if he were a builder using tools to determine that something is the correct length and perfectly level. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1574	ISA	28	17	xhn1			0	the measuring stick	A builder uses a measuring stick to determine if something is the correct length.
1575	ISA	28	17	l2vf			0	the plumbline	A builder uses a plumbline to determine if something is straight and level.
1576	ISA	28	17	xg82	figs-metaphor		0	Hail will sweep away
1577	ISA	28	17	gv6t	figs-synecdoche		0	Hail ... the floodwaters	Possible meanings are 1) these are a synecdoche representing anything in general that will cause destruction or 2) these are a metaphor referring to the enemy army that Yahweh will send to destroy the people of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1578	ISA	28	17	hi3p			0	Hail	hard pieces of ice that fall from the sky
1579	ISA	28	17	adc4	figs-metaphor		0	the refuge of lies ... the hiding place
1580	ISA	28	18	l9w6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Jerusalem.
1581	ISA	28	18	ah82	figs-activepassive		0	Your covenant with death will be dissolved, and your agreement with Sheol will not stand
1582	ISA	28	18	fvw2	figs-metaphor		0	covenant with death ... agreement with Sheol	Possible meanings are 1) the leaders of Jerusalem had used magic or sorcery to try to make an agreement with the gods of the place of the dead so that these gods would protect them from dying or 2) this is a metaphor that speaks of the leaders having made an agreement with the leaders of Egypt. The leaders of Jerusalem were so confident that the Egyptians would protect that it was like they had made an agreement with the gods of the place of the dead. See how you translated this in Isaiah 28:15. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1583	ISA	28	18	n9he			0	will not stand	will not last
1584	ISA	28	18	mry1	figs-synecdoche		0	When the raging flood passes through
1585	ISA	28	18	var2	figs-activepassive		0	you will be overwhelmed by it
1586	ISA	28	19	g9nc	figs-idiom		0	morning by morning
1587	ISA	28	19	g4wk	figs-merism		0	by day and night
1588	ISA	28	20	xx4i			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Jerusalem.
1589	ISA	28	20	ex86	writing-proverbs		0	For the bed is too short for a man to stretch out on, and the blanket too narrow for him to wrap himself in	This was probably a proverb that the people knew at the time. It means that what they believe will keep them safe from Yahweh's punishment will disappoint them like a bed that is too short or a blanket that is too narrow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])
1590	ISA	28	21	pp9n	figs-idiom		0	Yahweh will rise up	Yahweh preparing to act is spoken of as if he were sitting and then rising up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1591	ISA	28	21	e2cw	figs-explicit		0	Mount Perazim ... Valley of Gibeon	These refer to places where God miraculously defeated enemy armies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1592	ISA	28	21	l5tw			0	he will rouse himself	he will become very angry
1593	ISA	28	21	l963	figs-doublet		0	his strange work ... his strange deed	These two phrases mean the same thing. This work is strange because God is using a foreign army to defeat the people of Jerusalem rather than helping the people of Jerusalem defeat their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1594	ISA	28	22	w3au			0	Now
1595	ISA	28	22	upp3	figs-metaphor		0	your bonds will be tightened
1596	ISA	28	22	tpu3			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:9.
1597	ISA	28	22	fdu9	figs-abstractnouns		0	a decree of destruction on the earth
1598	ISA	28	23	bjv1	figs-parables		0	General Information:	This begins a parable that ends in 28:29. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
1599	ISA	28	23	twz5	figs-parallelism		0	Pay attention and listen to my voice; be attentive and listen to my words	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second phrase is used to strengthen the first. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1600	ISA	28	23	lsh4	figs-metonymy		0	to my voice
1601	ISA	28	23	s1kf			0	to my words	to my message
1602	ISA	28	24	nvu3	figs-rquestion		0	Does a farmer who plows all day to sow, only plow the ground? Does he continually break up and harrow the field?
1603	ISA	28	25	dam8	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Isaiah continues telling a parable to the people of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
1604	ISA	28	25	uq3a			0	When he has prepared the ground	When the farmer has plowed the soil
1605	ISA	28	25	fsr6	figs-rquestion		0	does he not scatter caraway seed, sow the cumin, put in the wheat in rows and the barley in the right place, and the spelt at its edges?
1606	ISA	28	25	pd1v	translate-unknown		0	caraway ... cumin	These are names of plants that are spices. Translators may represent them in general as seeds of spices used to spice food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1607	ISA	28	25	v8fq	translate-unknown		0	wheat ... barley ... spelt	These are all names of plants that are grains. Translators may represent them in general as seeds of grains. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1608	ISA	28	26	x6gc	figs-parallelism		0	His God instructs him; he teaches him wisely
1609	ISA	28	27	m9hs	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Isaiah continues telling a parable to the people of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
1610	ISA	28	27	w7aj	figs-activepassive		0	the caraway seed is not threshed with a sledge
1611	ISA	28	27	p8si			0	caraway	See how you translated this in Isaiah 28:25.
1612	ISA	28	27	j2hy	figs-activepassive		0	nor is a cartwheel rolled over the cumin
1613	ISA	28	27	g75f			0	cumin	See how you translated this in Isaiah 28:25.
1614	ISA	28	27	r6a8	figs-activepassive		0	but caraway is beaten with a stick, and cumin with a rod
1615	ISA	28	28	zb1a	figs-activepassive		0	Grain is ground for bread but not too finely
1616	ISA	28	29	vw1a	figs-explicit		0	This too comes ... excellent in wisdom	This concludes the parable started in Isaiah 28:23. The implied lesson of the parable is that farmers are wise enough to listen to Yahweh's instructions about planting and threshing. But the leaders of Jerusalem are foolish for not listening to Yahweh's instructions that he is speaking through Isaiah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1617	ISA	28	29	fh5n			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:9.
1618	ISA	29	intro	e58i			0
1619	ISA	29	1	p34x	figs-metonymy		0	Woe to Ariel
1620	ISA	29	1	kp7k	translate-names		0	Ariel
1621	ISA	29	1	bhl8			0	David encamped
1622	ISA	29	1	wh6s	figs-irony		0	Add year to year; let the festivals come round
1623	ISA	29	2	rhv8	figs-metonymy		0	But I will besiege
1624	ISA	29	2	fh77	figs-metonymy		0	she will
1625	ISA	29	2	w19k	figs-doublet		0	mourning and lamenting
1626	ISA	29	2	uey1	figs-simile		0	like Ariel
1627	ISA	29	3	aqb4	figs-metonymy		0	I will encamp against you
1628	ISA	29	3	z8vg	translate-unknown		0	palisade ... siege works
1629	ISA	29	4	xp4f	figs-activepassive		0	You will be brought down
1630	ISA	29	4	ak9b	figs-simile		0	will speak from the ground; your speech will be low from the dust. Your voice will sound like a spirit that speaks from the ground, and out of the dust your speech will whisper
1631	ISA	29	5	ei77	figs-simile		0	The great number of your invaders will become like fine dust, and the multitude of the ruthless ones as chaff that passes away
1632	ISA	29	5	w2d7			0	great number of your invaders	many soldiers that will attack you
1633	ISA	29	5	vl7f	figs-ellipsis		0	the ruthless ones as chaff
1634	ISA	29	6	gh4q	figs-you		0	Yahweh of hosts will come to you
1635	ISA	29	7	th7g	figs-doublet		0	It will be like a dream, a vision of the night
1636	ISA	29	7	l4s8			0	A horde of all the nations	Large armies from all the nations
1637	ISA	29	7	t56e	figs-metonymy		0	fight against Ariel
1638	ISA	29	7	h99v	figs-metonymy		0	her stronghold. They will attack her and her fortifications to press upon her
1639	ISA	29	8	ncq1	figs-simile		0	It will be like when a hungry man dreams he is eating ... his thirst not quenched	These similes mean that the enemy will expect victory but they will fail because God will not allow them to conquer Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1640	ISA	29	8	b3vv	figs-metonymy		0	Yes, so will be the great number of nations that fights against Mount Zion
1641	ISA	29	9	thb7	figs-explicit		0	Astonish yourselves and be astonished
1642	ISA	29	9	un3a	figs-metaphor		0	blind yourselves and be blind
1643	ISA	29	9	h71h	figs-metaphor		0	Be drunk, but not with wine; stagger, but not with beer
1644	ISA	29	10	g6xx	figs-metaphor		0	For Yahweh has poured out on you the spirit of deep sleep
1645	ISA	29	10	u6aj	figs-metaphor		0	He has closed your eyes, the prophets, and has covered your heads, the seers
1646	ISA	29	11	jvz4	figs-simile		0	All revelation has become to you as the words of a book that is sealed
1647	ISA	29	11	vii8			0	is sealed, which men might give to one who is learned
1648	ISA	29	12	z14w	figs-activepassive		0	If the book is given to one who cannot read
1649	ISA	29	13	hp14	figs-metonymy		0	This people comes close to me with their mouths and honors me with their lips
1650	ISA	29	13	z6q5	figs-metonymy		0	but their heart is far from me
1651	ISA	29	13	u7h6	figs-activepassive		0	Their honor for me is only a commandment of men that has been taught
1652	ISA	29	14	ya7e			0	Therefore, see, I will proceed to do a marvelous thing among this people, wonder after wonder	Therefore, look and see! I am going to do wonderful and marvelous things among you that you will not be able to explain
1653	ISA	29	14	cb9j	figs-parallelism		0	The wisdom of their wise men will perish, and the understanding of their prudent men will disappear	Both of these statements mean the same thing. Yahweh showing that the wise people cannot understand or explain what Yahweh does is spoken of as if their wisdom and understanding will vanish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1654	ISA	29	15	n74m			0	General Information:	This may be Isaiah speaking or it may continue Yahweh's speech in 29:13-14.
1655	ISA	29	15	a41v	figs-metaphor		0	who deeply hide their plans from Yahweh
1656	ISA	29	15	yh8d	figs-explicit		0	whose deeds are in darkness
1657	ISA	29	15	mt4k	figs-rquestion		0	Who sees us, and who knows us?
1658	ISA	29	16	tt3j	figs-idiom		0	You turn things upside down
1659	ISA	29	16	ak5f	figs-metaphor		0
1660	ISA	29	16	m1ba	figs-rquestion		0
1661	ISA	29	17	vcq7	figs-metaphor		0	Lebanon will be turned into a field, and the field will become a forest	Possible meanings are 1) this is literal and Yahweh will cause the places where trees grew wild in Lebanon to become fruitful fields or 2) this is a metaphor and the large forests of Lebanon represent powerful oppressors, and the crops that grow in the field and become a forest are the common people who are suffering. This means Yahweh will humble those who are powerful, but he will honor those who are suffering. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1662	ISA	29	17	p68s	figs-metonymy		0	Lebanon will be turned into a field
1663	ISA	29	18	q8r1	figs-metaphor		0	the deaf will hear the words of a book, and the eyes of the blind will see out of the deep darkness	Possible meanings are 1) this is literal and Yahweh will cause deaf people to hear and blind people to see or 2) this is a metaphor that means Yahweh will enable the people to hear and understand his message or 3) it may mean both options 1 and 2. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1664	ISA	29	18	d7au	figs-synecdoche		0	the eyes of the blind
1665	ISA	29	19	y383	figs-parallelism		0	The oppressed will again rejoice in Yahweh, and the poor among men will rejoice in the Holy One of Israel
1666	ISA	29	20	st9w	figs-nominaladj		0	For the ruthless will cease
1667	ISA	29	20	m2ji	figs-nominaladj		0	the scoffer will vanish
1668	ISA	29	20	i5cr	figs-activepassive		0	All those who love to do evil will be eliminated
1669	ISA	29	21	zp8p	figs-explicit		0	who by a word make a man out to be an offender
1670	ISA	29	21	wl2h	figs-metaphor		0	They lay a snare for him who seeks justice at the gate and put the righteous down with empty lies
1671	ISA	29	21	vb33			0	who seeks justice at the gate	The city gate was often the place where the city leaders made official decisions.
1672	ISA	29	22	i8ii	figs-explicit		0	who redeemed Abraham	This possibly refers to when Yahweh called Abraham from his home country and sent him to the promised land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1673	ISA	29	22	v978	figs-metonymy		0	Jacob will no longer ... his face
1674	ISA	29	22	a47e	figs-idiom		0	nor will his face be pale
1675	ISA	29	23	j9rv	figs-metonymy		0	he sees his children
1676	ISA	29	23	ri6z	figs-metonymy		0	But when he sees his children, the work of my hands
1677	ISA	29	23	m7l3	figs-metonymy		0	they will make my name holy
1678	ISA	29	23	k7hc	figs-metonymy		0	They will make holy the name of the Holy One of Jacob
1679	ISA	29	23	hf61	figs-123person		0	of the God of Israel
1680	ISA	29	24	ajl7	figs-metonymy		0	Those who err in spirit
1681	ISA	29	24	ly72	figs-explicit		0	will gain understanding
1682	ISA	29	24	uc4z	figs-explicit		0	complainers will learn knowledge
1683	ISA	30	intro	e211			0
1684	ISA	30	1	e6vd	figs-metaphor		0	the rebellious children	Yahweh speaks about his people as if they were his children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1685	ISA	30	1	dq2r	figs-123person		0	this is Yahweh's declaration
1686	ISA	30	1	cu63	figs-abstractnouns		0	They make plans, but not from me
1687	ISA	30	1	vep2	figs-activepassive		0	but they were not directed by my Spirit
1688	ISA	30	1	sdp8	figs-metaphor		0	they add sin to sin
1689	ISA	30	2	ed8h	figs-abstractnouns		0	They seek protection from Pharaoh
1690	ISA	30	2	k8ag	figs-metaphor		0	take refuge in the shadow of Egypt
1691	ISA	30	3	tal7			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Judah.
1692	ISA	30	3	frg3	figs-abstractnouns		0	Therefore Pharaoh's protection will be your shame, and the refuge in Egypt's shade, your humiliation
1693	ISA	30	3	z473	figs-metaphor		0	the refuge in Egypt's shade	Egypt's protection from enemy armies is spoken of as if it were a shadow that protects someone from the burning heat of the sun. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1694	ISA	30	4	l5kf			0	their princes
1695	ISA	30	4	ax9t			0	their ... their	belonging to the people of Judah
1696	ISA	30	4	c3ut	translate-names		0	Zoan ... Hanes	These were cities in the northern part of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1697	ISA	30	4	apn6	figs-go		0	have come to Hanes
1698	ISA	30	5	vs3d			0	They ... them	These words refer to the people of Judah.
1699	ISA	30	5	pp3g			0	because of a people	because of the people of Egypt
1700	ISA	30	6	h34s			0	General Information:	This continues God's declaration concerning the people of Judah.
1701	ISA	30	6	i8pw			0	A declaration	This is what Yahweh declares
1702	ISA	30	6	h1jl	figs-genericnoun		0	of the lioness and the lion, the viper and fiery flying serpent
1703	ISA	30	6	ian2			0	fiery flying serpent
1704	ISA	30	6	rmj1			0	they carry their riches	the people of Judah carry their riches
1705	ISA	30	7	x8ua	translate-names		0	I have called her Rahab, who sits still
1706	ISA	30	8	u3jb			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Isaiah.
1707	ISA	30	8	umq8			0	Now	This word is used here to mark a break in Yahweh's declaration about Judah. Here he tells Isaiah to do something.
1708	ISA	30	8	uql1			0	in their presence	in the presence of the people of Judah
1709	ISA	30	8	x97k	figs-metaphor		0	for the time to come
1710	ISA	30	9	v3bl	figs-metaphor		0	lying children, children who will not hear the instruction of Yahweh
1711	ISA	30	10	y449			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking about the people of Judah.
1712	ISA	30	11	x6bb	figs-metaphor		0	Turn aside from the way, stray off the path	How Yahweh wants his people to behave is spoken of as if it were a way or path on which to walk. To disobey Yahweh is spoken of as if the person strays away from Yahweh's path. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1713	ISA	30	11	s3c9			0	Holy One of Israel	See how you translated this name in Isaiah 1:4.
1714	ISA	30	12	c9xs			0	Holy One of Israel	See how you translated this name in Isaiah 1:4.
1715	ISA	30	12	q3x7			0	you reject this word	you reject this message
1716	ISA	30	12	hd23	figs-metonymy		0	trust in oppression and deceit and lean on it	Possible meanings are 1) the leaders of Judah are trusting in the Egyptian leaders who rule by oppressing and deceiving others or 2) the leaders of Judah have oppressed and deceived their own people in order to take their money and send it to the Egyptians leaders as payment for protection. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1717	ISA	30	12	t871	figs-123person		0	lean on it
1718	ISA	30	12	km37	figs-idiom		0	lean on	This is an idiom that means to trust or rely on something. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1719	ISA	30	13	f58j	figs-simile		0	so this sin will be to you like a broken part ... in an instant	This simile means that God will destroy the people of Judah suddenly because of their sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1720	ISA	30	13	rwu8	figs-ellipsis		0	like a broken part ready to fall
1721	ISA	30	13	c7k8	figs-abstractnouns		0	whose fall will happen suddenly
1722	ISA	30	13	m5ka	figs-doublet		0	suddenly, in an instant	These mean the same thing and emphasize how quickly the wall will fall. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1723	ISA	30	14	b2im			0	General Information:	Isaiah describes how Yahweh will destroy the people of Judah (Isaiah 30:12-13).
1724	ISA	30	14	amd2	figs-metaphor		0	He will break it
1725	ISA	30	14	id9b	figs-simile		0	as a potter's vessel is broken	This simile means that the piece of wall will break as quickly and completely as a clay jar that falls to the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1726	ISA	30	14	dbk1			0	potter	A potter is a person who makes pots and jars out of clay.
1727	ISA	30	14	k6fi	figs-activepassive		0	there will not be found
1728	ISA	30	14	c129			0	a shard with which to scrape	a shard big enough to scrape
1729	ISA	30	14	gs9n	figs-metonymy		0	fire from the hearth
1730	ISA	30	15	fd1v			0	Holy One of Israel	See how you translated this name in Isaiah 1:4.
1731	ISA	30	15	jh13	figs-metaphor		0	In returning and resting you will be saved
1732	ISA	30	15	zs7v	figs-explicit		0	resting	It is implied that the people rest because they trust that Yahweh will take care of them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1733	ISA	30	15	am9c	figs-explicit		0	in quietness and in trust will be your strength
1734	ISA	30	16	x48z	figs-explicit		0	we will flee on horses	Apparently these are horses that the people of Judah received from the Egyptians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1735	ISA	30	17	cy2g	figs-ellipsis		0	One thousand will flee at the threat of one; at the threat of five you will flee
1736	ISA	30	17	l2rt	translate-numbers		0	One thousand
1737	ISA	30	17	g8ks	figs-simile		0	until your remnant will be like a flagstaff on the top of a mountain, or like a flag on a hill	This simile means there will be so few people left that they will be like a single flag on top of a hill. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1738	ISA	30	18	a5tl			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Judah.
1739	ISA	30	19	nsp6			0	you will ... to you ... answer you
1740	ISA	30	19	k2dh			0	he will answer you	he will help you
1741	ISA	30	20	u2ns			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Judah.
1742	ISA	30	20	s89h	figs-metonymy		0	the bread of adversity and the water of affliction
1743	ISA	30	20	j37h			0	your teacher	This refers to Yahweh.
1744	ISA	30	20	m8au	figs-synecdoche		0	you will see your teacher with your own eyes
1745	ISA	30	21	yk8d	figs-synecdoche		0	Your ears will hear
1746	ISA	30	21	gx8s			0	a word behind you saying	him speaking behind you saying
1747	ISA	30	21	n9ys	figs-metaphor		0	This is the way, walk in it	How Yahweh wants his people to behave is spoken of as if it were a way or path. To obey Yahweh is spoken of as if it were a person walking on his path. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1748	ISA	30	21	day3	figs-metaphor		0	when you turn to the right or when you turn to the left	Disobeying Yahweh is spoken of as if the person turned left or right off of Yahweh's path. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1749	ISA	30	22	eg6r			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Judah.
1750	ISA	30	22	z2re	figs-simile		0	You will throw them away like a menstrual rag	This simile means they will throw away their idols like they were garbage. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1751	ISA	30	22	n2zf	figs-personification		0
1752	ISA	30	23	g68j			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Judah.
1753	ISA	30	23	w7ij			0	He will give	Yahweh will give
1754	ISA	30	23	hjh1	figs-synecdoche		0	bread with abundance from the ground
1755	ISA	30	23	llp6			0	In that day	At that time
1756	ISA	30	24	e7ff	figs-activepassive		0	that has been winnowed with a shovel and a fork
1757	ISA	30	25	nb4s			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Judah.
1758	ISA	30	25	n5xk			0	On every high mountain ... every high hill	Isaiah describes what will be an ideal situation after Yahweh rescues his people. Although the language may be exaggerated, you should translate this just as Isaiah described it.
1759	ISA	30	25	lg8s			0	in the day of the great slaughter when the towers fall	when Yahweh slaughters your enemies and causes their strong towers to fall
1760	ISA	30	25	k7p7			0	in the day	at the time
1761	ISA	30	26	bbc3			0	The light of the moon will be like the light of the sun, and the light of the sun will be seven times brighter, like the sunlight of seven days	Isaiah describes what will be an ideal situation after Yahweh rescues his people. Although the language may be exaggerated, you should translate this just as Isaiah described it.
1762	ISA	30	26	vup8			0	the light of the sun will be seven times brighter, like the sunlight of seven days
1763	ISA	30	26	s1jc	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh will bind up the breaking of his people and heal the bruises of his wounding them	Yahweh comforting his people and causing their suffering to end is spoken of as if he would put bandages on their wounds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1764	ISA	30	27	q2s3	figs-metaphor		0	the name of Yahweh ... like a devouring fire	Yahweh being extremely angry is spoken of as if he were a large fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1765	ISA	30	27	vs12	figs-metonymy		0	the name of Yahweh comes
1766	ISA	30	27	yjg9	figs-synecdoche		0	His lips are full of fury, and his tongue is like a devouring fire
1767	ISA	30	28	n6lp	figs-simile		0	His breath is like an overflowing torrent	This compares the air coming out of Yahweh's mouth to a flood to emphasize its power to destroy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1768	ISA	30	28	r2gf	figs-metaphor		0	to sift the nations with the sieve of destruction
1769	ISA	30	28	wqj9	figs-metaphor		0	His breath is a bridle in the jaws of the peoples to cause them to wander away	Yahweh having the power to cause people's plans to fail or causing them to be destroyed is spoken of as if his breath were a bridle that steers people off the correct path. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1770	ISA	30	28	rhf2	translate-unknown		0	a bridle in the jaws of the peoples
1771	ISA	30	29	mm6g			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Judah.
1772	ISA	30	29	kpk6			0	You will have a song
1773	ISA	30	29	m8dh	figs-simile		0	as in the night when a holy feast is observed	This simile emphasizes how happy the people will be. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1774	ISA	30	29	x78j	figs-activepassive		0	when a holy feast is observed
1775	ISA	30	29	guu5	figs-metonymy		0	gladness of heart
1776	ISA	30	29	esh8	figs-simile		0	as when one goes ... Rock of Israel	This simile emphasizes how happy the people will be. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1777	ISA	30	29	u4kf	figs-metaphor		0	to the Rock of Israel
1778	ISA	30	30	h7qb	figs-metonymy		0	show the motion of his arm
1779	ISA	30	30	mr74	figs-metaphor		0	in storming anger and flames of fire
1780	ISA	30	30	d2cp			0	with windstorm, rainstorm, and hailstones	with storms full of wind, rain, and hail
1781	ISA	30	30	ty89			0	hailstones	hard pieces of ice that fall from the sky like rain
1782	ISA	30	31	aq83	figs-activepassive		0	For at the voice of Yahweh, Assyria will be shattered
1783	ISA	30	31	x1az	figs-metaphor		0	Assyria will be shattered
1784	ISA	30	31	h8gw	figs-metonymy		0	Assyria	Here this represents the soldiers of Assyria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1785	ISA	30	32	w9ms	figs-metaphor		0	Every stroke of the appointed rod that Yahweh will lay on them	Yahweh causing an army to defeat the Assyrians is spoken of as if Yahweh would hit the Assyrians with a rod. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1786	ISA	30	32	wu2h	figs-activepassive		0	will be accompanied
1787	ISA	30	32	d8x2			0	tambourines	This is a musical instrument with a head like a drum that can be hit and with pieces of metal around the side that sound when the instrument is shaken. See how you translated this in Isaiah 5:12.
1788	ISA	30	32	vj9i	figs-metaphor		0	he battles and fights with them	Yahweh causing the enemy army to defeat the Assyrians is spoken of as if Yahweh were a warrior who would fight along with the enemy army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1789	ISA	30	33	z2rq	figs-activepassive		0	For a place of burning was prepared long ago
1790	ISA	30	33	ry8p	figs-explicit		0	a place of burning
1791	ISA	30	33	lpk7	figs-explicit		0	it is prepared for the king
1792	ISA	30	33	nue1			0	The pile is ready with a fire and much wood	The pile is ready with much wood to make a fire
1793	ISA	30	33	dbe3	figs-simile		0	The breath of Yahweh, like a stream of brimstone, will set it on fire	This speaks of Yahweh's breath as if it were a river of fire that will set the pile on fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1794	ISA	31	intro	a5pj			0
1795	ISA	31	1	h5ig			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Judah.
1796	ISA	31	1	mn6p			0	go down to Egypt
1797	ISA	31	1	u5k2			0	those who go down	those people of Judah who go down
1798	ISA	31	1	fq71	figs-metaphor		0	lean on horses
1799	ISA	31	1	lv3b			0	Holy One of Israel	See how you translated this name in Isaiah 1:4.
1800	ISA	31	1	p83a			0	nor do they seek Yahweh	nor do they ask Yahweh to help them
1801	ISA	31	2	rf4c	figs-idiom		0	he will bring disaster
1802	ISA	31	2	uq3q	figs-metaphor		0	will not retract his words
1803	ISA	31	2	wni6			0	arise against	punish
1804	ISA	31	2	ncg3	figs-metonymy		0	evil house
1805	ISA	31	3	qmy9	figs-metonymy		0	Egypt is a man
1806	ISA	31	3	al1h	figs-explicit		0	their horses flesh and not spirit
1807	ISA	31	3	ee2s	figs-metonymy		0	When Yahweh reaches out with his hand
1808	ISA	31	3	b7mw	figs-activepassive		0	both the one who helps will stumble, and the one who is helped will fall
1809	ISA	31	3	mv55	figs-activepassive		0	the one who is helped
1810	ISA	31	4	t89b			0	General Information:	Yahweh speaks to Isaiah.
1811	ISA	31	4	bfb4	figs-simile		0	As a lion ... thus Yahweh of hosts
1812	ISA	31	4	j6qt			0	thus Yahweh of hosts will descend ... that hill
1813	ISA	31	4	cwq4	figs-doublet		0	a lion, even a young lion
1814	ISA	31	4	e9kr			0	growls	warns others to stay away
1815	ISA	31	4	vef8	figs-idiom		0	when a group of shepherds is called out against it
1816	ISA	31	4	i5s6	figs-explicit		0	from their sound
1817	ISA	31	4	jrv6	figs-explicit		0	will descend
1818	ISA	31	4	wv7p	figs-parallelism		0	on Mount Zion, on that hill
1819	ISA	31	5	n1mh			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
1820	ISA	31	5	yn4w	figs-simile		0	Like birds in flight, so Yahweh of hosts will protect Jerusalem	Here the way that Yahweh protects Jerusalem is compared to the way that a mother bird protects her baby birds in their nest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1821	ISA	31	5	s9xj	figs-metaphor		0	he will protect and rescue as he passes over it and preserves it
1822	ISA	31	5	q5mx			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 1:9.
1823	ISA	31	5	hd1t	figs-metonymy		0	Jerusalem
1824	ISA	31	6	puw5			0	Return to him from whom you have deeply turned away	Return to the one against whom you have rebelled
1825	ISA	31	7	f2zn	figs-synecdoche		0	that your own hands have sinfully made
1826	ISA	31	8	n2d8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Judah, referring to the Assyrians as though they are one person.
1827	ISA	31	8	vll3	figs-metonymy		0	Assyria will fall by the sword; a sword not wielded by man will consume him
1828	ISA	31	8	f6pa			0	He will flee	The Assyrians will flee
1829	ISA	31	8	ib91	figs-activepassive		0	his young men will be forced to do hard labor
1830	ISA	31	9	cb3x	figs-abstractnouns		0	They will lose all confidence because of terror
1831	ISA	31	9	eqd6			0	his princes	their leaders
1832	ISA	31	9	awn7	figs-parallelism		0	whose fire is in Zion and whose firepot is in Jerusalem
1833	ISA	32	intro	qg44			0		Isaiah 32 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Reign of the Messiah This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. It pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
1834	ISA	32	1	bfx3			0	Look
1835	ISA	32	2	he1m	figs-simile		0	Each one will be like a shelter from the wind and a refuge from the storm
1836	ISA	32	2	i91q	figs-simile		0	like streams of water in a dry place
1837	ISA	32	2	vxn9	figs-simile		0	like the shade of a great rock in a land of weariness
1838	ISA	32	3	d51u	figs-metaphor		0	Then the eyes ... attentively	Both of these phrases emphasize that the leaders will enable the people to understand God's truth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1839	ISA	32	3	ile5			0	will not be dim	will see clearly
1840	ISA	32	4	v44b			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues describing the people after God restores righteous rulers in Judah (Isaiah 32:1-3).
1841	ISA	32	4	byg3	figs-nominaladj		0	The rash ... the stutterer
1842	ISA	32	5	dap4	figs-activepassive		0	The fool will no longer be called honorable
1843	ISA	32	5	zlq8	figs-activepassive		0	nor the deceiver called principled
1844	ISA	32	6	zh17	figs-nominaladj		0	For the fool speaks folly, and his heart plans evil
1845	ISA	32	6	z5gt	figs-synecdoche		0	his heart plans evil
1846	ISA	32	6	vd59			0	He makes
1847	ISA	32	6	y9ue	figs-nominaladj		0	the hungry empty
1848	ISA	32	6	b6mz	figs-nominaladj		0	the thirsty he causes to lack drink
1849	ISA	32	7	br91	figs-nominaladj		0	The deceiver's
1850	ISA	32	7	fwx8	figs-nominaladj		0	to ruin the poor with lies
1851	ISA	32	8	em4r	figs-idiom		0	he will stand
1852	ISA	32	9	ut5j			0	Rise up
1853	ISA	32	9	a31y			0	at ease
1854	ISA	32	9	yi6d	figs-metonymy		0	my voice
1855	ISA	32	10	g6m5	figs-activepassive		0	your confidence will be broken
1856	ISA	32	10	t219	figs-explicit		0	the grape harvest will fail
1857	ISA	32	10	d5c3			0	the ingathering will not come	the time for gathering crops will not happen
1858	ISA	32	11	b3cb			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking.
1859	ISA	32	11	aq71			0	Tremble	shake from fear
1860	ISA	32	11	m37x			0	at ease
1861	ISA	32	11	suv5	figs-explicit		0	take off your fine clothes and make yourselves bare
1862	ISA	32	11	dhb7	translate-symaction		0	put on sackcloth around your waists
1863	ISA	32	12	n8hm	figs-explicit		0	You will wail for the pleasant fields, for the fruitful vines
1864	ISA	32	13	t131			0	thorns and briers	See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 5:6.
1865	ISA	32	13	prc1	figs-personification		0	the once joyful houses
1866	ISA	32	13	az82			0	the city of revelry
1867	ISA	32	14	i3ba			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking.
1868	ISA	32	14	ftk1	figs-activepassive		0	For the palace will be forsaken, the crowded city will be deserted
1869	ISA	32	14	ut34	figs-metonymy		0	the hill
1870	ISA	32	14	l4wz	figs-explicit		0	the hill and the watchtower will become caves
1871	ISA	32	14	g5yl	figs-explicit		0	a joy of wild donkeys, a pasture of flocks
1872	ISA	32	14	x8t3	figs-hyperbole		0	forever
1873	ISA	32	15	ai5k	figs-activepassive		0	until the Spirit is poured
1874	ISA	32	15	m9lm	figs-metaphor		0	the Spirit is poured on us
1875	ISA	32	15	f3x2	figs-metonymy		0	from on high
1876	ISA	32	15	i9yh	figs-activepassive		0	the fruitful field is considered as a forest
1877	ISA	32	16	p29j			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking.
1878	ISA	32	16	uzl5	figs-personification		0	justice will reside ... righteousness will live
1879	ISA	32	17	w4zs	figs-parallelism		0	The work of righteousness will be peace; and the result of righteousness, quietness and confidence forever
1880	ISA	32	18	q9gf			0	habitation	place where people live
1881	ISA	32	19	xzc9			0	hails	See how you translated this in Isaiah 28:2.
1882	ISA	32	19	stg9	figs-activepassive		0	the forest is destroyed, and the city is completely annihilated
1883	ISA	32	20	wd7c	figs-activepassive		0	you who sow beside all the streams will be blessed, you who send out your ox and donkey to graze
1884	ISA	33	intro	bx2g			0
1885	ISA	33	1	uq8j	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks in poetry for Yahweh to the Assyrians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1886	ISA	33	1	vi89	figs-activepassive		0	who has not been destroyed
1887	ISA	33	1	uz7b	figs-activepassive		0	you will be destroyed
1888	ISA	33	1	t9ig			0	they will betray	others will betray
1889	ISA	33	2	ktn1	figs-metonymy		0	be our arm
1890	ISA	33	2	k72t	figs-synecdoche		0	every morning
1891	ISA	33	2	zfi5	figs-ellipsis		0	our salvation
1892	ISA	33	2	vt7m	figs-possession		0	in the time of trouble
1893	ISA	33	3	bxw1	figs-explicit		0	At the loud noise the peoples flee
1894	ISA	33	3	mt58	figs-idiom		0	arise
1895	ISA	33	3	bws5	figs-activepassive		0	the nations are scattered
1896	ISA	33	4	jx3k	figs-simile		0	Your spoil is gathered as the locusts gather; as locusts leap, men leap on it
1897	ISA	33	5	bu33			0	General Information:	Isaiah speaks to the people of Judah.
1898	ISA	33	5	f7z4	figs-activepassive		0	Yahweh is exalted
1899	ISA	33	5	gk4n	figs-metaphor		0	He will fill Zion with justice and righteousness
1900	ISA	33	6	gy6i	figs-metaphor		0	He will be the stability in your times
1901	ISA	33	6	fe6y	figs-ellipsis		0	abundance of salvation, wisdom, and knowledge
1902	ISA	33	6	p3md	figs-metaphor		0	the fear of Yahweh is his treasure
1903	ISA	33	7	f6lb			0	Look
1904	ISA	33	7	e9rq			0	envoys	messengers
1905	ISA	33	7	m76k	figs-explicit		0	the diplomats hoping for peace weep bitterly
1906	ISA	33	8	pf64	figs-parallelism		0	The highways are deserted; there are no more travelers
1907	ISA	33	8	ftm2	figs-activepassive		0	Covenants are broken, witnesses are despised, and mankind is not respected
1908	ISA	33	9	czb9	figs-personification		0	The land mourns and withers away
1909	ISA	33	9	na5c	figs-metonymy		0	Lebanon is ashamed and withers away
1910	ISA	33	9	d8ct			0	Sharon ... Bashan ... Carmel	Many trees and flowers once grew in these places.
1911	ISA	33	9	dj2w	figs-simile		0	Sharon is like a desert plain
1912	ISA	33	9	aiz6	figs-synecdoche		0	Bashan and Carmel shake off their leaves
1913	ISA	33	10	d6gh	figs-metaphor		0	will I arise
1914	ISA	33	10	gmq4	figs-activepassive		0	now I will be lifted up; now I will be elevated
1915	ISA	33	11	il71	figs-metaphor		0	You conceive chaff, and you give birth to stubble
1916	ISA	33	11	m839			0	stubble	The dry pieces of plants that are left in the ground after the stalks have been cut.
1917	ISA	33	11	f2w8	figs-metonymy		0	your breath is a fire that will consume you
1918	ISA	33	12	q832	figs-simile		0	The peoples will be burned to lime, as thornbushes are cut down and are burned
1919	ISA	33	12	k121			0	lime	the ashes from burned bones
1920	ISA	33	13	h2cp			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak.
1921	ISA	33	13	qf2k	figs-merism		0	You who are far away, hear what I have done; and, you who are near, acknowledge my might
1922	ISA	33	14	hr7p	figs-personification		0	trembling has seized the godless ones
1923	ISA	33	14	l4yq	figs-explicit		0	Who among us ... burnings?
1924	ISA	33	14	p2p3	figs-rquestion		0	Who among us can sojourn with a raging fire? Who among us can sojourn with everlasting burnings?
1925	ISA	33	14	n2zl			0	sojourn	live in a place that is not one's home
1926	ISA	33	15	a3sk	figs-idiom		0	He who walks
1927	ISA	33	15	kmw5	figs-abstractnouns		0	who despises the gain of oppression
1928	ISA	33	16	jr9e	figs-metaphor		0	this is the man who will dwell on the heights, his place of defense will be the fortress among the cliffs
1929	ISA	33	16	t3ae	figs-metonymy		0	the heights
1930	ISA	33	16	p4zt	figs-metaphor		0	the fortress among the cliffs
1931	ISA	33	16	v96k			0	will be in steady supply	will always be available
1932	ISA	33	17	vd1r	figs-synecdoche		0	Your eyes will see ... they will see
1933	ISA	33	17	d8s5	figs-metonymy		0	the king in his beauty
1934	ISA	33	18	h85u	figs-synecdoche		0	Your heart will recall the terror
1935	ISA	33	18	m1ib	figs-rquestion		0	where is the scribe, where is he who weighed the money? Where is he who counted the towers?
1936	ISA	33	18	v7nn			0	weighed the money	Money was valuable metal; its value was determined by its weight.
1937	ISA	33	19	b6t2			0	the defiant people, a people of a strange language that you do not understand	a fierce people who speak a language that you do not understand
1938	ISA	33	20	km19			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to speak to the people of Judah.
1939	ISA	33	20	ex3i	figs-possession		0	the city of our feasts
1940	ISA	33	20	gq29	figs-synecdoche		0	your eyes will see
1941	ISA	33	20	tj7h	figs-metaphor		0	a tent that will not be removed
1942	ISA	33	20	z75i	figs-metaphor		0	whose stakes will never be pulled up nor will any of its cords be broken
1943	ISA	33	21	js4c	figs-inclusive		0	Yahweh in majesty will be with us, in a place of broad rivers and streams
1944	ISA	33	21	z6si			0	will travel it	will travel the river
1945	ISA	33	22	x9zc	figs-inclusive		0	our ... us	This refers to Isaiah and includes the people of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
1946	ISA	33	23	er96	figs-metaphor		0	Your riggings are slack; they cannot hold the mast in place; they cannot spread the sail
1947	ISA	33	23	b3bn			0	mast	tall poles that support the sail
1948	ISA	33	23	l3q9			0	sail	a large cloth that fills with wind and moves a boat through the water
1949	ISA	33	23	a64j	figs-activepassive		0	when the great spoil is divided
1950	ISA	33	23	tx7c	figs-nominaladj		0	the lame
1951	ISA	33	24	brw9	figs-activepassive		0	the people who live there will be forgiven for their iniquity
1952	ISA	34	intro	rp2m			0		Isaiah 34 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Important figures of speech in this chapter Destruction There are many images used in this chapter which describe destruction. Here each of these metaphors describes complete destruction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Prophecy This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. It pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
1953	ISA	34	1	l8gx	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Yahweh is speaking in poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1954	ISA	34	1	xx72	figs-personification		0	The earth and all that fills it must listen, the world, and all things that come from it
1955	ISA	34	1	q1g4	figs-ellipsis		0	the world, and all things that come from it
1956	ISA	34	2	maf7	figs-pastforfuture		0	he has completely destroyed them, he has handed them over to the slaughter
1957	ISA	34	3	g8nr	figs-activepassive		0	The bodies of their dead will be thrown out
1958	ISA	34	3	kc9q	figs-nominaladj		0	their dead
1959	ISA	34	3	alg3			0	the mountains will soak up their blood	the mountains will be covered in their blood
1960	ISA	34	4	ta5s	figs-activepassive		0	the sky will be rolled up like a scroll
1961	ISA	34	4	g3vj	figs-simile		0	all their stars will fade away, as the leaf fades from off the vine, and as the overripe figs from the fig tree
1962	ISA	34	5	zep4	figs-metaphor		0	when my sword will have drunk its fill in heaven
1963	ISA	34	5	zs1y			0	look
1964	ISA	34	5	dh31	figs-metaphor		0	it will now come down on Edom, on the people I am setting apart for destruction
1965	ISA	34	5	n7uq	figs-metonymy		0	on Edom
1966	ISA	34	6	z82l	figs-metaphor		0	The sword of Yahweh is dripping with blood and covered with fat ... of rams
1967	ISA	34	6	e9tg	figs-abstractnouns		0	For Yahweh has a sacrifice in Bozrah and a great slaughter in the land of Edom
1968	ISA	34	6	hx1f	translate-names		0	Bozrah	This is an important city in Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1969	ISA	34	7	ruc9			0	will fall	will die
1970	ISA	34	7	x9xv	figs-personification		0	Their land will be drunk with blood
1971	ISA	34	7	cw9p	figs-personification		0	their dust made fat with fatness
1972	ISA	34	8	ypt1	figs-idiom		0	it will be a day of vengeance for Yahweh
1973	ISA	34	8	f6ru	figs-explicit		0	he will pay them back for the cause of Zion
1974	ISA	34	9	b8cq	figs-metaphor		0	The streams of Edom will be turned into pitch ... become burning pitch
1975	ISA	34	9	yfh4			0	her dust ... her land	Edom's dust ... Edom's land
1976	ISA	34	9	fd7g			0	pitch	a thick, black substance that burns for a long time
1977	ISA	34	10	smi7	figs-merism		0	It will burn night and day
1978	ISA	34	10	tvh4	figs-idiom		0	from generation to generation
1979	ISA	34	11	yd3v			0	will live there	will live in the land of Edom
1980	ISA	34	11	drt9			0	owl	See how you translated this in Isaiah 13:21.
1981	ISA	34	11	q1gl			0	raven	This is a large black bird. It is difficult to identify some of the precise kinds of birds mentioned in this passage. However, they were all birds that preferred to live in places where there were no people, so they symbolize deserted places.
1982	ISA	34	11	p68y			0	in it
1983	ISA	34	11	pgr3	figs-metaphor		0	He will stretch over it the measuring line of ruin and the plumbline of destruction
1984	ISA	34	11	z1ph			0	measuring line ... plumbline	These are builders' tools. See how you translated similar words in Isaiah 28:17.
1985	ISA	34	12	xsb8			0	Her nobles ... her princes	The nobles of Edom ... the princes of Edom
1986	ISA	34	12	t7ih	figs-hyperbole		0	all her princes will be nothing
1987	ISA	34	13	ayh3			0	Thorns ... nettles ... thistles	These are all weeds with thorns. Nettles' thorns have poison that causes itching.
1988	ISA	34	13	pt3i			0	jackals	Translate the name of this animal the same as you did in Isaiah 13:22.
1989	ISA	34	13	f3r8			0	ostriches	Translate the name of this animal the same as you did in Isaiah 13:21.
1990	ISA	34	14	je4l			0	wild animals	Translate this the same as you did in Isaiah 13:21.
1991	ISA	34	14	p32p			0	hyenas	Translate the name of this animal as you did in Isaiah 13:22.
1992	ISA	34	14	y56u			0	Nocturnal animals	animals that are awake and active at night
1993	ISA	34	15	z2sp			0	Owls	Translate this word the same as you did in Isaiah 13:21.
1994	ISA	34	15	ty8k			0	hawks	birds that kill small animals for food
1995	ISA	34	16	qji5	figs-possession		0	Search through the scroll of Yahweh
1996	ISA	34	16	me3v			0	not one of these	not one of the animals
1997	ISA	34	16	w98b	figs-doublenegatives		0	None will lack for a mate
1998	ISA	34	16	zh4w	figs-synecdoche		0	for his mouth has commanded it
1999	ISA	34	17	wiz7	figs-metaphor		0	He has cast lots for their places
2000	ISA	34	17	n3hj	figs-metaphor		0	his hand has measured it out for them by a cord
2001	ISA	34	17	f3tu	figs-idiom		0	from generation to generation they will
2002	ISA	35	intro	wlq4			0		Isaiah 35 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Reign of the Messiah This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. It pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator does not need to add an explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
2003	ISA	35	1	s4b3	figs-personification		0	The wilderness and the Arabah will be glad; and the desert will rejoice
2004	ISA	35	1	pis9	figs-synecdoche		0	blossom
2005	ISA	35	2	f7wa	figs-simile		0	it will blossom abundantly
2006	ISA	35	2	eqm8	figs-personification		0	and rejoice with joy and singing
2007	ISA	35	2	tt4e	figs-activepassive		0	the glory of Lebanon will be given to it
2008	ISA	35	2	cy7n	figs-metaphor		0	the splendor of Carmel and Sharon
2009	ISA	35	2	y6hb	figs-doublet		0	the glory of Yahweh, the splendor of our God	These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize Yahweh's appearance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2010	ISA	35	3	qfp3			0	General Information:	Isaiah is speaking to the people of Judah.
2011	ISA	35	3	f8st	figs-synecdoche		0	Strengthen the weak hands, and steady the knees that shake.
2012	ISA	35	4	duk7	figs-synecdoche		0	those with a fearful heart
2013	ISA	35	4	byx6			0	Look
2014	ISA	35	4	yx44	figs-abstractnouns		0	your God will come with vengeance, with the recompense of God
2015	ISA	35	5	n48l			0	General Information:	These verses begin a description of the glorious future for God's people.
2016	ISA	35	5	qq2t	figs-nominaladj		0	the eyes of the blind will see
2017	ISA	35	5	n5na	figs-nominaladj		0	the ears of the deaf will hear
2018	ISA	35	6	tk9j	figs-simile		0	the lame man will leap like a deer
2019	ISA	35	6	jfl8	figs-synecdoche		0	the mute tongue will sing
2020	ISA	35	6	hbh2	figs-ellipsis		0	streams in the wilderness
2021	ISA	35	7	szb4	figs-explicit		0	The burning sand will become a pool
2022	ISA	35	7	jn3e	figs-personification		0	the thirsty ground
2023	ISA	35	7	y4rh	figs-explicit		0	the thirsty ground springs of water
2024	ISA	35	7	f1uj			0	jackals	See how you translated this in Isaiah 13:22.
2025	ISA	35	7	u1py			0	reeds and rushes	These are plants that grow in wet areas.
2026	ISA	35	8	c1ji			0	General Information:	These verses continue the description of the glorious future for God's people.
2027	ISA	35	8	cz9h	figs-activepassive		0	A highway will be there called The Holy Way
2028	ISA	35	8	sy7r			0	highway	See how you translated this word in Isaiah 11:16.
2029	ISA	35	8	ese5	figs-nominaladj		0	The unclean
2030	ISA	35	8	nfa5	figs-idiom		0	him who walks in it
2031	ISA	35	9	ns9h	figs-activepassive		0	they will not be found there
2032	ISA	35	9	aui1	figs-nominaladj		0	the redeemed
2033	ISA	35	10	s1di	figs-nominaladj		0	The ransomed of Yahweh
2034	ISA	35	10	q3ha	figs-synecdoche		0	everlasting joy will be on their heads
2035	ISA	35	10	x841	figs-doublet		0	gladness and joy ... sorrow and sighing
2036	ISA	35	10	b5lz	figs-personification		0	gladness and joy will overtake them
2037	ISA	35	10	d5f7	figs-personification		0	sorrow and sighing will flee away
2038	ISA	36	intro	r5x3			0		Isaiah 36 General Notes Structure and formatting The previous chapters have been constructed as prophecy and contain many poetic elements. This chapter switches to a narrative and is a discussion between the officials from Assyria and Judah. To make the meaning clear here, it may be helpful to set apart the extended quotations by setting them farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) Special concepts in this chapter Trust The people of Judah were to trust in Yahweh because only he could provide them with protection. The people of Jerusalem were protected because they trusted in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Rhetorical Questions The Assyrian commanders use rhetorical questions in this chapter to mock or insult Judah and their God, Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2039	ISA	36	1	v35t	translate-ordinal		0	the fourteenth year
2040	ISA	36	1	jr4c			0	King Hezekiah	See how you translated the name of this king in Isaiah 1:1.
2041	ISA	36	1	np79	translate-names		0	Sennacherib	This is the name of the king of Assyria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2042	ISA	36	1	y3xq	figs-synecdoche		0	Sennacherib ... attacked all the fortified cities
2043	ISA	36	2	df93			0	the chief commander
2044	ISA	36	2	yz32	translate-names		0	Lachish	This is a city southwest of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2045	ISA	36	2	xgl3			0	conduit	man-made ditch or tunnel through which water flows. See how you translated this in Isaiah 7:3.
2046	ISA	36	2	su6h	translate-names		0	the launderers' field
2047	ISA	36	2	ilm6	translate-names		0	the launderers' field
2048	ISA	36	3	in74	translate-names		0	Hilkiah ... Eliakim	See how you translated these men's names in Isaiah 22:20. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2049	ISA	36	3	pc89	translate-names		0	Shebna	See how you translated this man's name in Isaiah 22:15. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2050	ISA	36	3	ch95	translate-names		0	Asaph ... Joah	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2051	ISA	36	4	js58			0	said to them	said to Eliakim, Shebna, and Joah
2052	ISA	36	4	p18f	figs-rquestion		0	What is the source of your confidence?
2053	ISA	36	5	qam5	figs-metonymy		0	there is counsel and strength for war
2054	ISA	36	5	cx3g	figs-rquestion		0	Now in whom are you trusting? Who has given you courage to rebel against me?
2055	ISA	36	6	ke68			0	General Information:	This continues the king of Assyria's message to Hezekiah. The chief commander is speaking the message to Hezekiah's men (Isaiah 36:4-5).
2056	ISA	36	6	e9jq			0	Look
2057	ISA	36	6	riv6	figs-metonymy		0	trusting in Egypt
2058	ISA	36	6	p2hf	figs-metaphor		0	that splintered reed that you use as a walking staff, but if a man leans on it, it will stick into his hand and pierce it
2059	ISA	36	6	ha6p			0	splintered reed	A reed is the long, thin stem of a plant like tall grass. If it is splintered or damaged it cannot carry any weight.
2060	ISA	36	6	d7dx			0	walking staff	This is a stick that someone would use for support when walking, made of whatever kind of tree limb that is found along the way.
2061	ISA	36	7	rnl2	figs-rquestion		0
2062	ISA	36	7	dd7s	figs-quotations		0
2063	ISA	36	8	bks6			0	General Information:	This continues the king of Assyria's message to Hezekiah by speaking the message to Hezekiah's men (Isaiah 36:4-5).
2064	ISA	36	8	cxf8	translate-numbers		0	two thousand horses
2065	ISA	36	8	kf72	figs-irony		0	if you are able to find riders for them	The chief commander continues to ridicule Hezekiah and his army by implying that he did not have many soldiers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
2066	ISA	36	9	kd1i			0	General Information:	This continues the king of Assyria's message to Hezekiah by speaking the message to Hezekiah's men (Isaiah 36:4-5).
2067	ISA	36	9	kkc7	figs-rquestion		0	How could you resist even one captain ... servants?
2068	ISA	36	10	i4d9	figs-rquestion		0	Now then, have I traveled up here without Yahweh to fight against this land and destroy it?
2069	ISA	36	10	lp4l	figs-metonymy		0	without Yahweh
2070	ISA	36	10	rme7	figs-metonymy		0	against this land and destroy it ... Attack this land and destroy it
2071	ISA	36	11	u5uf			0	Eliakim ... Hilkiah ... Shebnah	See how you translated these men's names in Isaiah 22:20.
2072	ISA	36	11	gv2d			0	Shebnah	See how you translated this man's name in Isaiah 22:15.
2073	ISA	36	11	nk7q			0	Joah	See how you translated this man's name in Isaiah 36:3
2074	ISA	36	11	k22v			0	chief commander	See how you translated this in Isaiah 36:2.
2075	ISA	36	11	t9lq			0	Please speak to your servants	Eliakim, Shebnah, and Joah refer to themselves as the chief commander's servants. This is a polite way to speak to someone who has greater authority.
2076	ISA	36	11	ts48	translate-names		0	the Aramean language, Aramaic
2077	ISA	36	11	src6	figs-idiom		0	in the ears of the people who are on the wall
2078	ISA	36	11	ka86	figs-explicit		0	who are on the wall
2079	ISA	36	12	sj4i	figs-rquestion		0	Has my master sent me to your master and to you to speak these words?
2080	ISA	36	12	e31l	figs-rquestion		0	Has he not sent me to the men who sit on the wall, who will have to ... you?
2081	ISA	36	12	q31n	figs-explicit		0	will have to eat their own dung and drink their own urine with you
2082	ISA	36	13	r755			0	the chief commander	See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 36:2.
2083	ISA	36	15	m9dz	figs-activepassive		0	this city will not be given into the hand of the king of Assyria
2084	ISA	36	15	q7vd	figs-metonymy		0	the hand of the king
2085	ISA	36	16	t4iu			0	General Information:	The chief commander continues speaking to the people of Judah.
2086	ISA	36	16	jhn1	figs-idiom		0	Make peace with me
2087	ISA	36	16	pq46	figs-idiom		0	come out to me
2088	ISA	36	17	pl47	figs-metonymy		0	until I come and take
2089	ISA	36	17	p9x3	figs-parallelism		0	a land of grain and new wine, a land of bread and vineyards	These two phrase have the same meaning and are used together to emphasize how prosperous the land will be. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2090	ISA	36	17	dnb3	figs-possession		0	a land of grain ... a land of bread
2091	ISA	36	18	wdv8			0	General Information:	The chief commander continues speaking the king of Assyria's message to the people of Judah (Isaiah 36:16).
2092	ISA	36	18	u8gl	figs-rquestion		0	Has any of the gods of the peoples rescued them from ... Assyria?
2093	ISA	36	18	gl11	figs-metonymy		0	the hand of the king
2094	ISA	36	19	zj8l	figs-rquestion		0	Where are the gods of Hamath and Arpad? Where are the gods of Sepharvaim? Have they rescued Samaria from my power?
2095	ISA	36	19	r9ju	translate-names		0	Hamath ... Arpad	Translate the names of these cities the same as you did in Isaiah 10:9. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2096	ISA	36	19	g5q3	translate-names		0	Sepharvaim	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2097	ISA	36	20	tl7p	figs-rquestion		0	is there any god who has rescued ... as if Yahweh could save Jerusalem from my power?
2098	ISA	36	20	r234	figs-metonymy		0	his land
2099	ISA	36	22	zjw1	translate-names		0	Eliakim ... Hilkiah ... Shebna ... Joah ... Asaph	Translate the names of these men the same as you did in Isaiah 36:3. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2100	ISA	36	22	yqy8	figs-idiom		0	over the household
2101	ISA	36	22	kdc7	translate-symaction		0	with their clothes torn
2102	ISA	37	intro	vy96			0		Isaiah 37 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 37:22-38. Special concepts in this chapter Tearing clothes and putting on sackcloth This was a sign of great distress. While it is often accompanies repentance, in this chapter it is intended to show the king's anger at the blasphemy of the Assyrians when they spoke against Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blasphemy]]) Prayer Hezekiah was different from the other kings because when he was threatened by Assyria, he went to Yahweh in prayer. He did not trust in his army or make an alliance with Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])
2103	ISA	37	1	u52c	writing-newevent		0	It came about that	This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
2104	ISA	37	1	qkd2	translate-symaction		0	he tore his clothes, covered himself with sackcloth
2105	ISA	37	2	he14	translate-names		0	Eliakim ... Shebna	Translate the names of these men the same as you did in Isaiah 36:3. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2106	ISA	37	2	u8m9	figs-idiom		0	over the household
2107	ISA	37	2	vd87	translate-symaction		0	all covered with sackcloth	This is a sign of mourning and distress. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
2108	ISA	37	3	vt7q			0	They said to him	The men sent by Hezekiah said to Isaiah
2109	ISA	37	3	nm3p	figs-simile		0	like when a child is ready to be born, but the mother has no strength to give birth to her child
2110	ISA	37	4	k27f	figs-explicit		0	It may be Yahweh your God will hear the words
2111	ISA	37	4	rr63			0	the chief commander	See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 36:2.
2112	ISA	37	4	m9rk			0	his master	This phrase means that the king is the chief commander's master.
2113	ISA	37	4	yi1b	figs-explicit		0	will rebuke the words which Yahweh your God has heard
2114	ISA	37	4	t6nz	figs-metaphor		0	lift up your prayer
2115	ISA	37	4	jr8n	figs-metonymy		0	for the remnant that is still here
2116	ISA	37	7	wiv3	figs-idiom		0	I will put a spirit in him, and he will hear a certain report and go back to his own land
2117	ISA	37	7	v1q1			0	Look
2118	ISA	37	7	ggs5	figs-idiom		0	I will cause him to fall by the sword in his own land
2119	ISA	37	8	q58i	translate-names		0	Lachish	See how you translated the name of this city in Isaiah 36:2. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2120	ISA	37	8	j5mn	translate-names		0	Libnah	This is a city in southern Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2121	ISA	37	9	d4uz	translate-names		0	Sennacherib	See how you translated this man's name in Isaiah 36:1. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2122	ISA	37	9	kcx5	translate-names		0	Tirhakah king of Cush and Egypt had mobilized to fight against him
2123	ISA	37	9	wd2v	figs-metonymy		0	to fight against him
2124	ISA	37	10	vz6u	figs-metonymy		0	Jerusalem will not be given into the hand of the king of Assyria
2125	ISA	37	11	l567			0	General Information:	This continues the king of Assyria's message to Hezekiah.
2126	ISA	37	11	l934			0	See, you have heard
2127	ISA	37	11	vik5	figs-rquestion		0	So will you be rescued?
2128	ISA	37	12	rk3v	figs-rquestion		0	Have the gods of the nations rescued them ... Tel Assar?
2129	ISA	37	12	iz21	figs-synecdoche		0	that my fathers destroyed
2130	ISA	37	12	k8xm	translate-names		0	Gozan ... Haran ... Rezeph ... Eden ... Tel Assar	These are places that the Assyrians had conquered. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2131	ISA	37	13	aku4	translate-names		0	Hena ... Ivvah	These are places that the Assyrians had conquered. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2132	ISA	37	13	ib9s	figs-rquestion		0	Where is the king ... Ivvah?
2133	ISA	37	13	t5zc	translate-names		0	Hamath ... Arpad ... Sepharvaim	Translate the names of these cities the same as you did in Isaiah 36:19. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2134	ISA	37	14	ex2e	figs-synecdoche		0	from hand of the messengers
2135	ISA	37	14	a1u4			0	he went up to the house of Yahweh
2136	ISA	37	14	c2pf			0	spread it before him
2137	ISA	37	16	m4vb	figs-explicit		0	you who sit above the cherubim
2138	ISA	37	16	bcb9			0	you are God alone	only you are God
2139	ISA	37	16	z5zj	figs-idiom		0	over all the kingdoms
2140	ISA	37	16	bl43	figs-merism		0	You made the heavens and the earth
2141	ISA	37	17	x59g			0	General Information:	Hezekiah continues praying to Yahweh.
2142	ISA	37	17	q72i	figs-explicit		0	which he has sent
2143	ISA	37	17	j5py			0	Turn your ear
2144	ISA	37	17	rq3a	translate-names		0	Sennacherib	See how you translated this man's name in Isaiah 36:1. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2145	ISA	37	18	vwq4	figs-hyperbole		0	all the nations and their lands
2146	ISA	37	19	ymw5			0	General Information:	Hezekiah continues praying to Yahweh.
2147	ISA	37	19	xdh5	figs-synecdoche		0	for they were not gods but the work of men's hands, just wood and stone
2148	ISA	37	20	t78q			0	from his power	from the king of Assyria's power
2149	ISA	37	20	d95t	figs-metonymy		0	all the kingdoms
2150	ISA	37	20	y5e4			0	you are Yahweh alone	only you, Yahweh, are God
2151	ISA	37	21	rbj3	figs-metonymy		0	sent a message
2152	ISA	37	22	ha6t			0	is the word that Yahweh has spoken	is what Yahweh has said
2153	ISA	37	22	hdv5			0	laughs you to scorn
2154	ISA	37	22	d2ht	translate-symaction		0	shakes her head	This is a gesture of scorn. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
2155	ISA	37	22	f4jf	figs-idiom		0	The virgin daughter of Zion ... the daughter of Jerusalem
2156	ISA	37	23	xes7	figs-rquestion		0	Whom have you defied and insulted? ... Against the Holy One of Israel.
2157	ISA	37	23	m83m	figs-metaphor		0	have you exalted your voice
2158	ISA	37	23	xz28	figs-idiom		0	lifted up your eyes in pride
2159	ISA	37	24	f2gc			0	General Information:	This continues Yahweh's message to the king of Assyria.
2160	ISA	37	24	dt18	figs-explicit		0	By your servants
2161	ISA	37	24	k4e1	figs-synecdoche		0	I have gone ... I will cut ... I will enter
2162	ISA	37	24	wv8g			0	its tall cedars	Lebanon's tall cedars
2163	ISA	37	24	vey3	figs-ellipsis		0	its most fruitful forest
2164	ISA	37	25	gwm7	figs-synecdoche		0	I have dug ... I dried ... my feet
2165	ISA	37	25	u9gt	figs-hyperbole		0	I dried up all the rivers of Egypt under the soles of my feet
2166	ISA	37	26	vd5w			0	General Information:	This continues Yahweh's message to the king of Assyria.
2167	ISA	37	26	k4vl	figs-rquestion		0	Have you not heard how ... times?
2168	ISA	37	26	vpm5	figs-explicit		0	You are here to reduce impregnable cities into heaps of ruins
2169	ISA	37	26	ru16			0	impregnable	strong and heavily guarded
2170	ISA	37	26	lbt8	figs-idiom		0	I am bringing it to pass
2171	ISA	37	27	abl4			0	of little strength	who are weak
2172	ISA	37	27	z86i	figs-metaphor		0	shattered	broken into small pieces. This is a metaphor for being greatly discouraged. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2173	ISA	37	27	lp95	figs-metaphor		0	They are plants in the field, green grass, the grass on the roof or in the field, before the east wind
2174	ISA	37	27	u4kj			0	before the east wind	The east wind is hot and dry from the desert and plants die when it blows.
2175	ISA	37	28	vq6a			0	General Information:	This continues Yahweh's message to the king of Assyria.
2176	ISA	37	28	uw6e	figs-merism		0	But I know your sitting down, your going out, your coming in
2177	ISA	37	28	zm2q	figs-abstractnouns		0	and your raging against me
2178	ISA	37	29	f79t	figs-metonymy		0	your arrogance
2179	ISA	37	29	tv21	figs-metaphor		0	your arrogance has reached my ears
2180	ISA	37	29	r8sq	figs-metaphor		0	I will put my hook in your nose, and my bit in your mouth
2181	ISA	37	29	wye1	figs-explicit		0	I will turn you back the way you came
2182	ISA	37	30	cu1m			0	General Information:	This continues Yahweh's message to Hezekiah (Isaiah 37:21).
2183	ISA	37	30	hyd8	figs-you		0	sign for you
2184	ISA	37	30	c1n3	figs-you		0	you will eat ... you must plant
2185	ISA	37	30	hw94	figs-ellipsis		0	in the second year what grows
2186	ISA	37	30	b6di			0	what grows from that
2187	ISA	37	30	ipd7	translate-ordinal		0	in the third year
2188	ISA	37	31	cp8q			0	General Information:	This continues Yahweh's message to Hezekiah.
2189	ISA	37	31	frk4			0	remnant
2190	ISA	37	31	ngd5	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Judah
2191	ISA	37	31	jez8	figs-metaphor		0	will again take root and bear fruit
2192	ISA	37	32	sc29	figs-parallelism		0	For from Jerusalem a remnant will come out; from Mount Zion survivors will come	These two phrases have the same meaning and are used together to emphasize the remnant of people who will survive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2193	ISA	37	32	vre3	figs-metonymy		0	The zeal of Yahweh of hosts will do this
2194	ISA	37	33	i11q	figs-synecdoche		0	He will not come ... He will not come
2195	ISA	37	33	gun8			0	with shield	with shields
2196	ISA	37	33	vdw6			0	siege ramp	a large mound of dirt built against the wall of a city that better enables an army to attach the city
2197	ISA	37	34	yz62	figs-synecdoche		0	he came ... he will not enter
2198	ISA	37	34	zq4h	figs-123person		0	this is Yahweh's declaration
2199	ISA	37	35	vmq8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2200	ISA	37	35	fz1d			0	for my own sake and for David my servant's sake	so that things will be better for me and for my servant David
2201	ISA	37	36	c1n2	figs-idiom		0	putting to death
2202	ISA	37	36	v98a	translate-numbers		0	185,000 soldiers
2203	ISA	37	37	x3e4	figs-synecdoche		0	Sennacherib king of Assyria left Israel and went home and stayed in Nineveh
2204	ISA	37	37	ft9a	translate-names		0	Sennacherib	See how you translated this man's name in Isaiah 36:1. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2205	ISA	37	38	m18l			0	as he was worshiping	as Sennacherib was worshiping
2206	ISA	37	38	m2c7	translate-names		0	Nisrok	This is the name of a false god. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2207	ISA	37	38	id3l	translate-names		0	Adrammelek ... Sharezer ... Esarhaddon	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2208	ISA	37	38	fbz6			0	with the sword	with their swords
2209	ISA	38	intro	s3fq			0		Isaiah 38 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 38:10-20. Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Poetry This chapter is written as a narrative, but the section including Hezekiah's prayer is written as poetry. The tone of this prayer shifts from sorrow to praise.
2210	ISA	38	1	g1p4	figs-explicit		0	Set your house in order
2211	ISA	38	3	c5ru	figs-idiom		0	call to mind
2212	ISA	38	3	rvv5	figs-idiom		0	faithfully walked before you
2213	ISA	38	3	j97c	figs-metonymy		0	with my whole heart
2214	ISA	38	3	hd6d	figs-metaphor		0	what was good in your sight
2215	ISA	38	4	zb4v	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came
2216	ISA	38	5	l5ca			0	See
2217	ISA	38	5	pg75	translate-numbers		0	fifteen years
2218	ISA	38	6	vqy2	figs-metonymy		0	the hand of the king of Assyria
2219	ISA	38	7	zk63			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Hezekiah.
2220	ISA	38	8	as58			0	Look
2221	ISA	38	8	j1py	figs-explicit		0	stairs of Ahaz	These stairs are referred to this way because they were built while Ahaz was king. You can make this information clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2222	ISA	38	10	hgb5			0	that halfway through my life
2223	ISA	38	10	vkw8	figs-metaphor		0	I will go through the gates of Sheol
2224	ISA	38	10	y2v3	figs-activepassive		0	I am sent there for the rest of my years
2225	ISA	38	11	bn4a	figs-nominaladj		0	in the land of the living
2226	ISA	38	12	pmv9			0	General Information:	Hezekiah continues his written prayer.
2227	ISA	38	12	rh4l	figs-simile		0	My life is removed and carried away from me like a shepherd's tent
2228	ISA	38	12	f8qq	figs-activepassive		0	My life is removed
2229	ISA	38	12	eh2s	figs-simile		0	I have rolled up my life like a weaver; you are cutting me off from the loom
2230	ISA	38	12	nyl3	figs-you		0	you are cutting
2231	ISA	38	12	u29m			0	loom	a device used to weave thread together to make cloth
2232	ISA	38	13	x3bh	figs-simile		0	like a lion he breaks all my bones
2233	ISA	38	14	al5q			0	General Information:	Hezekiah continues his written prayer.
2234	ISA	38	14	b2w9	figs-parallelism		0	Like a swallow I chirp; I coo like a dove
2235	ISA	38	14	qgn5	figs-synecdoche		0	my eyes
2236	ISA	38	14	bhl4	figs-explicit		0	with looking upward
2237	ISA	38	14	l1ah	figs-activepassive		0	I am oppressed
2238	ISA	38	15	f5ku	figs-rquestion		0	What shall I say?
2239	ISA	38	15	hd6w	figs-idiom		0	I will walk slowly
2240	ISA	38	15	ph65	figs-explicit		0	all my years
2241	ISA	38	15	gm6e			0	because I am overcome with grief
2242	ISA	38	16	iyk1			0	General Information:	Hezekiah continues his written prayer.
2243	ISA	38	16	wak7	figs-activepassive		0	may my life be given back to me
2244	ISA	38	17	wz18	figs-explicit		0	from the pit of destruction
2245	ISA	38	17	f8fu	figs-metaphor		0	for you have thrown all my sins behind your back
2246	ISA	38	18	nm81			0	General Information:	Hezekiah continues his written prayer.
2247	ISA	38	18	n9p4	figs-metonymy		0	For Sheol does not thank you; death does not praise you
2248	ISA	38	18	ps5x			0	those who go down into the pit	those who go down to the grave
2249	ISA	38	18	nf2c	figs-you		0	do not hope in your trustworthiness
2250	ISA	38	19	ye1q	figs-parallelism		0	The living person, the living person	Hezekiah repeats this phrase to emphasize that only a living person, not a dead person, can give thanks to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2251	ISA	38	20	nw4z			0	General Information:	Hezekiah continues his written prayer.
2252	ISA	38	20	j3ts	figs-explicit		0	save me
2253	ISA	38	20	k672	figs-inclusive		0	we will celebrate
2254	ISA	38	21	b3bq	writing-background		0	Now	This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. This gives background information about Isaiah and Hezekiah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
2255	ISA	38	21	x8d3			0	Let them	Let Hezekiah's servants
2256	ISA	38	21	drf6	figs-explicit		0	a lump of figs
2257	ISA	38	21	t3l6			0	boil	a painful area on the skin that is infected
2258	ISA	39	intro	lz5x			0		Isaiah 39 General Notes Special concepts in this chapter Pride Although it is not said why it was sinful for Hezekiah to show the king of Babylon his riches, the sin was probably because of his pride. It can be viewed as bragging to another king about how rich and powerful he was without giving proper credit to Yahweh. Because of this sin, Yahweh punished him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Babylon At this time, Babylon was not very powerful, but was little more than a city. In a short time, however, Babylon became a very powerful nation and conquered Assyria.
2259	ISA	39	1	z1d1	translate-names		0	Marduk-Baladan ... Baladan	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2260	ISA	39	2	x7xe	figs-explicit		0	Hezekiah was pleased by these things
2261	ISA	39	2	ig2z			0	showed the messengers his storehouse of valuable things	he showed the messengers everything of value he had
2262	ISA	39	2	i69i			0	storehouse	a building where goods are kept
2263	ISA	39	2	bg44	figs-activepassive		0	all that was found in his storehouses
2264	ISA	39	2	k5u7	figs-doublenegatives		0	There was nothing in his house, nor in all his kingdom, that Hezekiah did not show them
2265	ISA	39	4	lp83	figs-parallelism		0	They have seen everything in my house. There is nothing among my valuable things that I have not shown them	These two sentences mean the same thing and are used together to emphasize how much Hezekiah showed the men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2266	ISA	39	4	u3hm	figs-hyperbole		0	everything in my house
2267	ISA	39	4	k738	figs-doublenegatives		0	There is nothing among my valuable things that I have not shown them
2268	ISA	39	5	rsm5			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 1:9.
2269	ISA	39	5	hh3d			0	the word	the message
2270	ISA	39	6	w6ck			0	Look
2271	ISA	39	6	y5e5	figs-activepassive		0	when everything in your palace ... will be carried to Babylon
2272	ISA	39	7	wtl9			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues to speak Yahweh's message to Hezekiah.
2273	ISA	39	7	mls8			0	The sons born from you	Your sons
2274	ISA	39	7	tb9y			0	they will take them	the Babylonians will take them
2275	ISA	40	intro	xc5h			0
2276	ISA	40	1	uzv6			0	Comfort, comfort
2277	ISA	40	1	wa9a	figs-you		0	says your God
2278	ISA	40	2	f6th	figs-personification		0	Speak tenderly to Jerusalem
2279	ISA	40	2	v29s	figs-123person		0	proclaim to her ... her warfare ... her iniquity ... she has received ... her sins
2280	ISA	40	2	rrl8			0	her warfare
2281	ISA	40	2	ux5w	figs-activepassive		0	her iniquity is pardoned
2282	ISA	40	2	xkm6	figs-synecdoche		0	from Yahweh's hand
2283	ISA	40	3	s925	figs-synecdoche		0	A voice cries out
2284	ISA	40	3	kwv5	figs-parallelism		0	In the wilderness prepare the way of Yahweh; make straight in the Arabah a highway for our God	These two lines are parallel and mean basically the same thing. The people preparing themselves for Yahweh's help is spoken of as if they were to prepare roads for Yahweh to travel upon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2285	ISA	40	3	m8sr			0	Arabah	See how you translated this word in Isaiah 35:1.
2286	ISA	40	4	uee3	figs-activepassive		0	Every valley will be lifted up, and every mountain and hill will be leveled
2287	ISA	40	4	xdc9	figs-metaphor		0	Every valley will be lifted up
2288	ISA	40	4	m9td	figs-activepassive		0	and the rugged land will be made level, and the rough places a plain
2289	ISA	40	5	ys59	figs-activepassive		0	the glory of Yahweh will be revealed
2290	ISA	40	5	sf3k	figs-synecdoche		0	for the mouth of Yahweh has spoken it
2291	ISA	40	6	slv6	figs-metaphor		0	All flesh is grass
2292	ISA	40	6	tzv2	figs-simile		0	all their covenant faithfulness is like the flower of the field
2293	ISA	40	6	h3q7			0	covenant faithfulness	Possible meanings are 1) covenant faithfulness or 2) beauty.
2294	ISA	40	7	m65h			0	when the breath of Yahweh blows on it
2295	ISA	40	7	p8bp	figs-metaphor		0	humanity is grass
2296	ISA	40	8	ilr1	figs-metaphor		0	the word of our God will stand forever
2297	ISA	40	9	da3x	figs-personification		0	Go up on a high mountain, Zion, bearer of good news	The writer speaks of Zion as if it were a messenger who declares good news from a mountain top. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2298	ISA	40	9	w2hr	figs-explicit		0	Go up on a high mountain	Messengers would often stand on elevated land, such as mountains, so that many people could hear what they proclaimed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2299	ISA	40	9	v9yl	figs-metonymy		0	Zion
2300	ISA	40	9	i6vj	figs-personification		0	Jerusalem. You who bring good news	The writer speaks of Jerusalem as if it were a messenger who declares good news. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2301	ISA	40	10	gme1	figs-metonymy		0	his strong arm rules for him
2302	ISA	40	10	j4yu	figs-parallelism		0	his reward is with him ... those he has rescued go before him
2303	ISA	40	11	m6wg	figs-metaphor		0	He will feed his flock like a shepherd
2304	ISA	40	12	qkx7	figs-rquestion		0	Who has measured ... or the hills in a balance?
2305	ISA	40	12	n98i	figs-metaphor		0	measured the waters in the hollow of his hand	Yahweh knowing how much water is in the oceans is spoken of as if Yahweh held the water in his hand. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2306	ISA	40	12	r9wq	figs-metaphor		0	measured the sky with the span of his hand
2307	ISA	40	12	hal4	figs-metaphor		0	held the dust of the earth in a basket	Yahweh knowing how much dust there is on the earth is spoken of as if he carried it in a basket. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2308	ISA	40	12	q4eb	figs-metaphor		0	weighed the mountains in scales, or the hills in a balance?	Yahweh knowing how heavy the mountains are is spoken of as if he weighed them in scales and balances. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2309	ISA	40	13	g2yh	figs-rquestion		0	General Information:	Isaiah continues using questions to emphasize Yahweh's uniqueness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2310	ISA	40	13	j8t8	figs-rquestion		0	Who has comprehended the mind of Yahweh, or instructed him as his counselor?
2311	ISA	40	13	vc3q			0	comprehended the mind of Yahweh
2312	ISA	40	14	e7e8	figs-rquestion		0	From whom did he ever receive instruction?
2313	ISA	40	14	h7pz	figs-rquestion		0	Who taught him the correct way to do things, and taught him knowledge, or showed to him the way of understanding?
2314	ISA	40	15	xu1z			0	Look ... see	These words add emphasis to what follows.
2315	ISA	40	15	m437	figs-simile		0	the nations are like a drop in a bucket, and are regarded like the dust on the scales	The prophet compares the nations to a drop of water and to dust in order to emphasize how small and insignificant they are to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2316	ISA	40	15	bl7h			0	like a drop in a bucket	Possible meanings are 1) a drop of water that falls into a bucket or 2) a drop of water that drops out of a bucket.
2317	ISA	40	15	c6k1	figs-activepassive		0	are regarded like the dust on the scales
2318	ISA	40	17	bap7	figs-activepassive		0	they are regarded by him as nothing
2319	ISA	40	18	pv1a	figs-rquestion		0	To whom then will you compare God? To what idol will you liken him?
2320	ISA	40	18	q6aj	figs-you		0	you	This is plural and refers to all of God's people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2321	ISA	40	19	t66l			0	A craftsman casts it: The goldsmith overlays it with gold and forges silver chains for it	A skilled worker forms it, another covers it with gold and makes a silver chain for it
2322	ISA	40	21	ru6j			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to God's people.
2323	ISA	40	21	nm2t	figs-rquestion		0	Have you not known? Have you not heard? Has it not been told you from the beginning? Have you not understood from the foundations of the earth?
2324	ISA	40	21	p4gz	figs-activepassive		0	Has it not been told you from the beginning?
2325	ISA	40	21	w7gd	figs-metaphor		0	from the foundations of the earth
2326	ISA	40	22	vwb7	figs-metaphor		0	He is the one who sits above the horizon of the earth	The prophet speaks of Yahweh ruling the earth as if Yahweh were seated on a throne above the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2327	ISA	40	22	r4cn	figs-simile		0	the inhabitants are like grasshoppers before him	The prophet compares the way Yahweh considers humans to the way humans would consider grasshoppers. Just as grasshoppers are small to humans, humans are small and weak before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2328	ISA	40	22	jtu6	figs-parallelism		0	He stretches out the heavens like a curtain and spreads them out as a tent to live in
2329	ISA	40	23	sfc9			0	He reduces	Yahweh reduces
2330	ISA	40	24	d2lf	figs-metaphor		0	They are barely planted ... and they wither	The prophet speaks of rulers being helpless before Yahweh as if they were new plants that wither away when a hot wind blows on them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2331	ISA	40	24	n61k	figs-parallelism		0	They are barely planted, barely sown
2332	ISA	40	24	pcb5	figs-metaphor		0	he blows upon them	The prophet speaks of Yahweh removing the rulers from power as if Yahweh were a scorching wind that blows upon the plants and causes them to wither. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2333	ISA	40	24	d8bi	figs-simile		0	the wind carries them away like straw	This simile extends the metaphor of the rulers as plants and Yahweh as the wind that causes them to wither. The wind of Yahweh's judgement will remove the withered plants as easily as wind blows away straw. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2334	ISA	40	25	pts1	figs-rquestion		0	To whom then will you compare me, whom do I resemble?
2335	ISA	40	26	t53r	figs-rquestion		0	Who has created all these stars?
2336	ISA	40	26	aiw3	figs-metaphor		0	He leads out their formations
2337	ISA	40	26	y52j	figs-doublet		0	By the greatness of his might and by the strength of his power
2338	ISA	40	26	w46r	figs-litotes		0	not one is missing
2339	ISA	40	27	p5my	figs-rquestion		0
2340	ISA	40	27	s7bb	figs-doublet		0	Why do you say, Jacob, and declare, Israel
2341	ISA	40	27	tsn1	figs-metaphor		0	My way is hidden from Yahweh
2342	ISA	40	27	r58k			0	my God is not concerned about my vindication
2343	ISA	40	28	v4f1	figs-rquestion		0	Have you not known? Have you not heard?
2344	ISA	40	28	d991	figs-metaphor		0	the ends of the earth
2345	ISA	40	29	gt6k	figs-parallelism		0	He gives strength to the tired; and to the weak he gives renewed energy	These two lines share similar meanings and emphasize that Yahweh strengthens those who have no strength. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2346	ISA	40	29	l1wl			0	He gives strength	Yahweh gives strength
2347	ISA	40	31	gu6x	figs-metaphor		0	they will soar with wings like eagles	People receiving strength from Yahweh is spoken of as if the people were able to fly like eagles fly. An eagle is a bird often used as a symbol for strength and power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2348	ISA	40	31	vgd6	figs-parallelism		0	they will run and not be weary; they will walk and not faint	These two lines share similar meanings. People receiving strength from Yahweh is spoken of as if they were able to run and walk without tiring. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2349	ISA	41	intro	mwf4			0		Isaiah 41 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Mocking Yahweh tells the people to present their best arguments in favor of honoring their idols. In this Yahweh challenges the people. Yahweh mocks or insults these false gods because they are not real and have no power. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
2350	ISA	41	1	ihs8			0	Listen before me in silence
2351	ISA	41	1	gik7	figs-metonymy		0	you coastlands	This refers to the people who live on the islands and in the lands bordering or beyond the Mediterranean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
2352	ISA	41	1	w3dd			0	renew their strength	See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 40:31.
2353	ISA	41	1	kfx1	figs-parallelism		0	let them come near and speak; let us come near together to argue a dispute
2354	ISA	41	2	ji73	figs-rquestion		0	Who has stirred up one from the east, calling him in righteousness to his service?
2355	ISA	41	2	ckc3			0	He hands nations over to him
2356	ISA	41	2	n5yz	figs-metaphor		0	He turns them to dust with his sword, like windblown stubble with his bow	Turning them to dust and stubble is a metaphor or exaggeration for completely destroying everything the people of these nations have made. The armies of one from the east will conquer these nations and scatter the people easily. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2357	ISA	41	3	a4li			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the coastlands and the nations.
2358	ISA	41	3	dk7c			0	He pursues them and passes by safely	The ruler from the east pursues the nations
2359	ISA	41	3	iyl6	figs-metaphor		0	by a swift path that his feet scarcely touch
2360	ISA	41	4	xap2	figs-rquestion		0	Who has performed and accomplished these deeds?
2361	ISA	41	4	lw9z	figs-rquestion		0	Who has summoned the generations from the beginning?
2362	ISA	41	4	z51k	figs-doublet		0	performed and accomplished	These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh is the one who has done these things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2363	ISA	41	4	rvp7			0	the first, and with the last ones	Possible meanings are 1) that Yahweh existed before creation and will exist at the end of creation or 2) that Yahweh was before the first generation of humanity and will be at the last generation of humanity.
2364	ISA	41	5	xi3d			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2365	ISA	41	5	n6gc	figs-metonymy		0	The isles ... the ends of the earth
2366	ISA	41	5	z1m3			0	The isles
2367	ISA	41	5	yg5y	figs-metaphor		0	the ends of the earth
2368	ISA	41	5	rd3y	figs-doublet		0	they approach and come
2369	ISA	41	7	t2rw			0	anvil	an iron block on which a person shapes metal with a hammer
2370	ISA	41	7	ny9f			0	saying of the welding
2371	ISA	41	7	qdp9			0	They fasten it with nails so it will not topple over.
2372	ISA	41	8	w8df			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2373	ISA	41	9	ng2r	figs-parallelism		0	you whom I am bringing back from the ends of the earth, and whom I called from the far away places	These two lines mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh is bringing the people of Israel back to their land from distant countries. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2374	ISA	41	9	unb2	figs-metaphor		0	the ends of the earth
2375	ISA	41	9	ah78	figs-parallelism		0	I have chosen you and not rejected you	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second states in negative terms what the first states in positive terms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
2376	ISA	41	10	sv29			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2377	ISA	41	10	y2hx	figs-metaphor		0	I will uphold you with my righteous right hand	Yahweh strengthening his people is spoken of as if he were holding them with his hand. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2378	ISA	41	10	m5ra	figs-metonymy		0	my righteous right hand
2379	ISA	41	11	fup1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2380	ISA	41	11	i38z			0	they will be ashamed and disgraced, all who have been angry with you	all who have been angry with you will be ashamed and disgraced
2381	ISA	41	11	acy9	figs-doublet		0	ashamed and disgraced	These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of their shame. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2382	ISA	41	11	bm8s			0	they will be as nothing and will perish, those who oppose you	those who oppose you will be as nothing and will perish
2383	ISA	41	12	rr8g			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2384	ISA	41	13	mcq1	figs-metaphor		0	I ... will hold your right hand	Yahweh helping the people of Israel is spoken of as if he were holding their right hand. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2385	ISA	41	14	nw9b			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2386	ISA	41	14	d1xa	figs-doublet		0	Jacob you worm, and you men of Israel
2387	ISA	41	14	x6h1	figs-metaphor		0	Jacob you worm	Possible meanings are 1) that this refers to the opinions of other nations regarding the people of Israel or 2) that this refers to Israel's own opinion of themselves. Yahweh speaks of their insignificance as if they were a worm. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2388	ISA	41	14	vga7	figs-123person		0	this is Yahweh's declaration
2389	ISA	41	14	s6u3			0	Holy One of Israel	See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 1:4.
2390	ISA	41	15	dv6j	figs-metaphor		0	I am making you like a sharp threshing sledge ... you will make the hills like chaff	Yahweh speaks of enabling Israel to defeat their enemies as if he were making the nation a threshing sledge that will level mountains. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2391	ISA	41	15	v5bt			0	a sharp threshing sledge	A threshing sledge was a board with sharp spikes that someone would drag over the wheat to separate the grain from the chaff.
2392	ISA	41	15	s3j3			0	two-edged
2393	ISA	41	15	im62	figs-metaphor		0	you will thresh the mountains and crush them
2394	ISA	41	15	ulv1	figs-metaphor		0	you will make the hills like chaff	The hills are a metaphor for the powerful enemy nations near Israel. People having the wind blow the chaff away after they have threshed the grain is a metaphor for them allowing Yahweh to destroy their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2395	ISA	41	16	ii6a			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues to use the metaphor of separating grain from chaff to describe how Israel will defeat their enemies.
2396	ISA	41	16	z22h	figs-metaphor		0	You will winnow them ... the wind will scatter them
2397	ISA	41	16	mzr8	figs-parallelism		0	the wind will carry them away; the wind will scatter them
2398	ISA	41	17	f1vc	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh speaks of people who are in extreme need as if they are extremely thirsty, and of his provision for them as if he caused water to appear in places where it normally would not appear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2399	ISA	41	19	n27t			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2400	ISA	41	19	g4uv	translate-unknown		0	the myrtle ... the pines and the cypress box trees	These are types of trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
2401	ISA	41	20	b7ez	figs-synecdoche		0	the hand of Yahweh has done this
2402	ISA	41	21	bhd2	figs-irony		0	General Information:	In these verses, Yahweh is mocking the people and their idols. He is challenging the idols to tell what will happen in the future, but he knows they cannot. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
2403	ISA	41	23	icg9			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues to mock the idols and the people who worship them (Isaiah 41:21-22).
2404	ISA	41	23	qee7	figs-merism		0	do something good or evil
2405	ISA	41	24	yv5h	figs-you		0	the one who chooses you
2406	ISA	41	25	bsg2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2407	ISA	41	25	rd8b	figs-metaphor		0	I have raised up one
2408	ISA	41	25	s97v	figs-idiom		0	from the sun's rising
2409	ISA	41	25	i891			0	him who calls on my name	Possible meanings are 1) that this person invokes Yahweh for his success or 2) that this person worships Yahweh.
2410	ISA	41	25	bb4s	figs-metaphor		0	he will trample the rulers
2411	ISA	41	25	q8p3	figs-simile		0	like a potter who is treading on the clay	Yahweh compares the way in which this person will trample the other rulers with the way that a potter tramples on clay to mix it with water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2412	ISA	41	26	u3i7	figs-rquestion		0
2413	ISA	41	26	xn3y			0	Indeed none of them decreed it, yes, none heard you say anything	Indeed, none of the idols decreed it. Indeed, no one heard you idols say anything
2414	ISA	41	27	b6xr			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2415	ISA	41	28	k8tv			0	not one among them	not one idol
2416	ISA	41	29	i3rp	figs-metaphor		0	their cast metal figures are wind and emptiness
2417	ISA	42	intro	q7al			0
2418	ISA	42	1	l3dq			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2419	ISA	42	1	e7j9			0	Behold, my servant
2420	ISA	42	1	d5ej			0	in him I take delight	with whom I am very happy
2421	ISA	42	3	f9m4			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2422	ISA	42	3	w4sn	figs-metaphor		0	A crushed reed he will not break, and a dimly burning wick he will not quench	Yahweh speaks of weak and helpless people as if they were crushed reeds and dimly burning wicks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2423	ISA	42	3	blf9			0	crushed reed	A reed is the long, thin stem of a plant like tall grass. If it is crushed, it cannot carry any weight. See how you translated this in Isaiah 36:6.
2424	ISA	42	3	z56i			0	he will not break	My servant will not break
2425	ISA	42	4	dhd4	figs-metonymy		0	the coastlands
2426	ISA	42	5	kf3j	figs-metaphor		0	the one who created the heavens and stretched them out, the one who made the earth	The prophet speaks of Yahweh creating the heavens and the earth as if the heavens and earth were fabric which Yahweh stretched out. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2427	ISA	42	5	jxn4	figs-parallelism		0	gives breath to the people on it and life to those who live on it
2428	ISA	42	6	hg7t	figs-you		0	have called you
2429	ISA	42	6	l1kx	figs-metonymy		0	I will ... set you as a covenant for the people
2430	ISA	42	6	t6si	figs-metaphor		0	a light for the Gentiles	Yahweh speaks of making his servant the one who delivers the nations from bondage as if he were making him a light that shines in dark places for the Gentiles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2431	ISA	42	7	v24a			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues describing what his servant will do.
2432	ISA	42	7	tip7	figs-metaphor		0	to open the eyes of the blind
2433	ISA	42	7	i2h2	figs-parallelism		0	to release the prisoners from the dungeon, and from the house of confinement those who sit in darkness
2434	ISA	42	8	cbp4	figs-ellipsis		0	nor my praise with carved idols
2435	ISA	42	8	s62b			0	my praise	This refers to the praise that Yahweh receives from people.
2436	ISA	42	9	rdt7	figs-you		0	I will tell you
2437	ISA	42	10	c3wi			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2438	ISA	42	10	qf1v			0	the sea, and all that is in it, the coastlands, and those who live there	and all the creatures that live in the sea, and all those who live on the coastlands
2439	ISA	42	11	liq4	figs-metonymy		0	Let the desert and the cities cry out	This refers to the people who live in the desert and the cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2440	ISA	42	11	mtu1			0	Kedar	This is a city north of Arabia. See how this was translated in Isaiah 21:16
2441	ISA	42	11	sfh4	translate-names		0	Sela	a city in Edom (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2442	ISA	42	12	gy1u			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2443	ISA	42	12	bh2u			0	Let them give glory
2444	ISA	42	13	bf3l	figs-simile		0	Yahweh will go out as a warrior; as a man of war	Yahweh is compared with a warrior who is ready to defeat his people's enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2445	ISA	42	13	ys39	figs-metaphor		0	he will stir up his zeal
2446	ISA	42	14	tc93			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2447	ISA	42	14	ej6j	figs-parallelism		0	I have kept quiet for a long time; I have been still and restrained myself	These two lines share similar meanings. Yahweh's inactivity is described as quietness and stillness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2448	ISA	42	14	x3e1	figs-doublet		0	I have been still and restrained myself
2449	ISA	42	14	sj5x	figs-simile		0	I will cry out like a woman in labor; I will gasp and pant	Yahweh's activity as a shouting warrior is compared with a pregnant woman who cries from labor pains. This emphasizes sudden unavoidable action after a period of inactivity. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2450	ISA	42	15	c5ek	figs-metaphor		0	I will lay waste mountains ... will dry up the marshes	Yahweh uses this metaphorical language to describe his great power to conquer his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2451	ISA	42	15	qi5p			0	the marshes	A marsh is an area of soft, wet land with pools of water.
2452	ISA	42	16	hck4			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2453	ISA	42	16	d8u8	figs-parallelism		0	I will bring the blind by a way that they do not know; in paths that they do not know I will lead them
2454	ISA	42	16	e56x	figs-metaphor		0	the blind	Yahweh speaks of his people being helpless as if they could not see because they were blind. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2455	ISA	42	16	l8wt			0	that they do not know
2456	ISA	42	16	jc1b	figs-metaphor		0	I will turn the darkness into light before them	Yahweh speaks of his people being helpless as if they could not see because they walked in darkness, and of his helping them as if he caused light to shine in the darkness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2457	ISA	42	17	tfv2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2458	ISA	42	17	ayv4	figs-metaphor		0	They will be turned back, they will be completely put to shame
2459	ISA	42	18	j331			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2460	ISA	42	18	q3rs	figs-you		0	you deaf ... you blind
2461	ISA	42	19	lx6z	figs-rquestion		0	Who is blind but my servant? Or deaf like my messenger I send?
2462	ISA	42	19	y1c1	figs-rquestion		0	Who is as blind as my covenant partner, or blind as Yahweh's servant?
2463	ISA	42	20	u76d			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2464	ISA	42	20	k16p			0	You see many things, but do not comprehend	Although you see many things, you do not understand what they mean
2465	ISA	42	20	usp5	figs-metaphor		0	ears are open, but no one hears
2466	ISA	42	21	e9j8			0	It pleased Yahweh to praise his justice and to make his law glorious
2467	ISA	42	22	hh18			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2468	ISA	42	22	p3ne	figs-activepassive		0	But this is a people robbed and plundered
2469	ISA	42	22	eu68	figs-doublet		0	robbed and plundered	These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize how badly the enemy had plundered them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2470	ISA	42	22	xx18	figs-parallelism		0	they are all trapped in pits, held captive in prisons
2471	ISA	42	23	zs76			0	General Information:	Here Isaiah begins speaking.
2472	ISA	42	23	gp1t	figs-you		0	Who among you
2473	ISA	42	24	p2dz	figs-rquestion		0	Who gave Jacob over to the robber, and Israel to the looters?
2474	ISA	42	24	q9du	figs-rquestion		0	Was it not Yahweh ... refused to obey?
2475	ISA	42	24	e8z2	figs-inclusive		0	against whom we have sinned
2476	ISA	42	24	dla2	figs-parallelism		0	in whose ways they refused to walk, and whose law they refused to obey
2477	ISA	42	25	al3a			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking.
2478	ISA	42	25	r4nh			0	Therefore he	Therefore Yahweh
2479	ISA	42	25	uby1	figs-metaphor		0	he poured out on them his fierce anger
2480	ISA	42	25	dqe8			0	on them
2481	ISA	42	25	x8pk	figs-abstractnouns		0	and the violence of war
2482	ISA	42	25	ym86	figs-metaphor		0	Its flames encircled them ... it consumed them	Isaiah speaks of Yahweh's fierce anger as if it were a fire that burned the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2483	ISA	42	25	q8m2	figs-metaphor		0	they did not take it to heart
2484	ISA	43	intro	bc7l			0		Isaiah 43 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Exodus This chapter pictures Judah's eventual return from exile in Babylon as a kind of second exodus. It was reminiscent of their exodus from Egypt. Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Exile This chapter prophesies about the Jews return from Babylon, but the exile has yet to happen and is still more than a hundred years in the future. These events will show that Yahweh alone is God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2485	ISA	43	1	ce9y	figs-parallelism		0	he who created you, Jacob, and he who formed you, Israel
2486	ISA	43	2	kq19			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2487	ISA	43	2	q1vm	figs-metaphor		0	When you pass through the waters ... the flames will not destroy you
2488	ISA	43	2	j81j	figs-parallelism		0	When you pass through the waters, I will be with you; and through the rivers, they will not overwhelm you	These two statements mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the people will experience no harm because Yahweh is with them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2489	ISA	43	2	wdj7	figs-activepassive		0	you will not be burned
2490	ISA	43	3	eyx6	figs-parallelism		0	I have given Egypt as your ransom, Cush and Seba in exchange for you	These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that Yahweh will allow Israel's enemy to conquer these nations instead of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2491	ISA	43	3	jq3n	translate-names		0	Seba	This is the name of a nation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2492	ISA	43	4	yiz2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2493	ISA	43	4	z7p1	figs-doublet		0	Since you are precious and special in my sight
2494	ISA	43	4	gpe4	figs-parallelism		0	therefore I will give people in exchange for you, and other peoples in exchange for your life
2495	ISA	43	5	lxw5	figs-merism		0	I will bring your offspring from the east, and gather you from the west
2496	ISA	43	6	gtn5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2497	ISA	43	6	l7c3	figs-personification		0	say to the north ... to the south
2498	ISA	43	6	l9k3	figs-metaphor		0	my sons ... my daughters	Yahweh speaks of the people who belong to him as if they were his children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2499	ISA	43	7	yc6h	figs-metonymy		0	everyone who is called by my name
2500	ISA	43	7	l8wb	figs-doublet		0	whom I have formed, yes, whom I have made	Both of these mean the same thing and emphasize that it is God who made the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2501	ISA	43	8	r5rz	figs-metaphor		0	the people who are blind ... the deaf	Yahweh speaks of those who do not listen to him or obey him as if they were blind and deaf. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2502	ISA	43	9	j9gd	figs-explicit		0	Who among them could have declared this and announced to us earlier events?
2503	ISA	43	9	wm6d	figs-explicit		0	announced to us earlier events
2504	ISA	43	9	n7pl	figs-irony		0	Let them bring their witnesses to prove themselves right, let them listen and affirm, 'It is true.'
2505	ISA	43	10	zvu7	figs-you		0	You ... my servant
2506	ISA	43	10	ja9r			0	Before me ... after me	In speaking this way, Yahweh is not saying that there was a time before which he did not exist or a time after which he will not exist. He is asserting that he is eternal and that the gods whom the people of other nations worship are not.
2507	ISA	43	10	x2gj	figs-explicit		0	Before me there was no god formed
2508	ISA	43	10	v98y			0	there will be none after me	none of those gods will exist after me
2509	ISA	43	11	f73s	figs-doublet		0	I, I am Yahweh
2510	ISA	43	11	m7ei			0	there is no savior but me
2511	ISA	43	12	e51j			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2512	ISA	43	13	w2y7	figs-metonymy		0	no one can rescue anyone from my hand
2513	ISA	43	13	y176	figs-rquestion		0	who can turn it back?
2514	ISA	43	14	t4z7			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2515	ISA	43	14	e4rv			0	Holy One of Israel	See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 1:4.
2516	ISA	43	14	ly8f	figs-explicit		0	I send to Babylon and lead them all down
2517	ISA	43	14	jrg7			0	lead them all down as fugitives	lead all of the Babylonians down as fugitives
2518	ISA	43	14	lpy3			0	fugitives	A fugitive is a person who runs away so that his enemy will not capture him.
2519	ISA	43	16	qd5j	figs-explicit		0	who opened a way ... mighty waters	Isaiah speaks of the events following the exodus from Egypt, when Yahweh divided the sea to let the Israelites walk through on dry ground but then drowned the Egyptian army. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2520	ISA	43	17	a8pu	figs-explicit		0	who led out ... a burning wick	Isaiah speaks of the events following the exodus from Egypt, when Yahweh divided the sea to let the Israelites walk through on dry ground but then drowned the Egyptian army. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2521	ISA	43	17	u8ru	figs-metaphor		0	They fell down together; they will never rise again
2522	ISA	43	17	v5sn	figs-metaphor		0	they are extinguished, quenched like a burning wick
2523	ISA	43	18	h6ya			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2524	ISA	43	18	s5e7	figs-parallelism		0	Do not think about these former things, nor consider the things of long ago.	These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that they are not to worry about what happened in the past. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2525	ISA	43	19	y1sp			0	Look
2526	ISA	43	19	j15h	figs-rquestion		0	do you not perceive it?
2527	ISA	43	20	fmk2	figs-personification		0	wild animals of the field will honor me, the jackals and the ostriches	Here animals honor Yahweh as if they were people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2528	ISA	43	20	s4u1	figs-ellipsis		0	the jackals and the ostriches
2529	ISA	43	22	h7vb			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2530	ISA	43	24	ie2f			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2531	ISA	43	24	l4vk			0	sweet-smelling cane	This is a plant with a pleasant smell used to make anointing oil. It did not grow in the land of Israel so the people had to buy it from other nations.
2532	ISA	43	24	up12	figs-parallelism		0	burdened me with your sins, you have wearied me with your evil deeds	These both mean the same thing and emphasize the complaint Yahweh has with his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2533	ISA	43	24	t4mh			0	burdened me with your sins	troubled me with your sins
2534	ISA	43	25	vh3j			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2535	ISA	43	25	r2jt	figs-doublet		0	I, yes, I
2536	ISA	43	25	j91x	figs-metaphor		0	who blots out your offenses
2537	ISA	43	25	s5fa			0	for my own sake
2538	ISA	43	25	l6uz			0	call to mind	remember
2539	ISA	43	26	w2ud	figs-irony		0	present your cause, that you may be proved innocent
2540	ISA	43	26	xn62	figs-activepassive		0	that you may be proved innocent
2541	ISA	43	27	n7s2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2542	ISA	43	27	m9k5			0	Your first father sinned	This refers to the founder of Israel and may represent either Abraham or Jacob.
2543	ISA	43	28	c8g9	figs-metonymy		0	I will hand Jacob over to complete destruction
2544	ISA	43	28	rtm7	figs-parallelism		0	Israel to abusive humiliation
2545	ISA	44	intro	lx1i			0		Isaiah 44 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Yahweh's power There is a prophecy in this chapter that gives the name of the king who will end the exile of the Jews from Babylon and rebuild the temple, even though the exile has not yet even occurred. This emphasizes that Yahweh knows the future, so the translator should translate the name of Cyrus given here. There are many other aspects of this chapter that show Yahweh's power as well. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
2546	ISA	44	1	lt14			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2547	ISA	44	1	j7v9	figs-metonymy		0	Jacob my servant
2548	ISA	44	2	a1el	figs-metaphor		0	he who made you and formed you in the womb
2549	ISA	44	2	aj5d	figs-ellipsis		0	you, Jeshurun, whom I have chosen
2550	ISA	44	2	m3ac	translate-names		0	Jeshurun	This also refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2551	ISA	44	3	b7lm			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2552	ISA	44	3	r9ge	figs-metaphor		0	I will pour water on the thirsty ground, and flowing streams on the dry ground	Yahweh speaks of giving his Spirit to the people of Israel as if he were causing rain to fall and streams to flow on dry ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2553	ISA	44	3	cdy4	figs-metaphor		0	the thirsty ground
2554	ISA	44	3	sw8k	figs-metaphor		0	I will pour my Spirit on your offspring
2555	ISA	44	3	na48	figs-ellipsis		0	my blessing on your children
2556	ISA	44	4	j6m5	figs-metaphor		0	They will spring up among the grass, like willows by the streams of water	The people of Israel being prosperous and multiplying is spoken of as if they were plants that grow because they have plenty of water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2557	ISA	44	4	k6eb			0	willows	A willow is a tree with thin branches that grows near the water.
2558	ISA	44	5	w27z			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel
2559	ISA	44	5	lfi3			0	another will call out the name of Jacob	another person will say he is a descendant of Jacob
2560	ISA	44	5	y4il			0	name himself by the name of Israel	call himself a descendant of Israel
2561	ISA	44	6	q311			0	his Redeemer	Israel's Redeemer
2562	ISA	44	6	tts3			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 1:9.
2563	ISA	44	6	j95i	figs-merism		0	I am the first, and I am the last
2564	ISA	44	7	zm2k			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2565	ISA	44	7	r8gi	figs-rquestion		0	Who is like me? Let him announce
2566	ISA	44	8	nbn1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2567	ISA	44	8	jc9b	figs-doublet		0	Do not fear or be afraid
2568	ISA	44	8	fb3i	figs-rquestion		0	Have I not declared to you long ago, and announced it?
2569	ISA	44	8	lr9q	figs-rquestion		0	Is there any God besides me?
2570	ISA	44	8	z7iv	figs-metaphor		0	There is no other Rock	Yahweh speaks of himself as if he were a large rock under which people can find shelter. This means he has the power to protect his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2571	ISA	44	9	y8gz			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2572	ISA	44	9	uhp3			0	the things they delight in are worthless	the idols they delight in are worthless
2573	ISA	44	9	ht3n	figs-metaphor		0	their witnesses cannot see or know anything
2574	ISA	44	9	fps8	figs-activepassive		0	they will be put to shame
2575	ISA	44	10	rn93	figs-rquestion		0	Who would form a god or cast an idol that is worthless?
2576	ISA	44	10	tu2g	figs-distinguish		0	cast an idol that is worthless
2577	ISA	44	11	dnp6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2578	ISA	44	11	xq1i	figs-explicit		0	all his associates
2579	ISA	44	11	ka7l	figs-activepassive		0	be put to shame
2580	ISA	44	11	n21m			0	Let them take their stand together	Let them all come together before me
2581	ISA	44	11	qc5v			0	they will cower
2582	ISA	44	12	ui76			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2583	ISA	44	12	rl3h			0	forming it
2584	ISA	44	13	acg5			0	with a line	A string was used to outline the shape of the idol in the wood.
2585	ISA	44	13	gzq3			0	stylus	This is a sharp tool to scratch the wood so the craftsman can see where to cut.
2586	ISA	44	13	zt8q			0	a compass	This is a tool with two points that spread out used to help mark the wood to make the idol.
2587	ISA	44	14	uuw3			0	He cuts down
2588	ISA	44	14	xu2s	translate-unknown		0	cypress tree	a tall evergreen tree (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
2589	ISA	44	15	gc6k			0	Then a man uses it	The man uses the wood
2590	ISA	44	15	pw7t	figs-parallelism		0	he makes an idol and bows down to it	This part of the sentence says basically the same as the first to emphasize it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2591	ISA	44	18	pm8e	figs-metaphor		0	for their eyes are blind and cannot see	Yahweh speaks of those who cannot understand the foolishness of worshiping idols as if they were blind. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2592	ISA	44	18	w7kp	figs-synecdoche		0	for their eyes are blind
2593	ISA	44	18	eri6	figs-synecdoche		0	their hearts cannot perceive
2594	ISA	44	19	zz51	figs-rquestion		0	Now should I make ... something disgusting to worship? Should I bow down to a block of wood?
2595	ISA	44	20	w2em	figs-metaphor		0	It is as if he were eating ashes	Yahweh speaks of a person worshiping an idol as if that person were eating the burned ashes of the wood from which he made the idol. Just as eating ashes does not benefit a person, neither does worshiping an idol. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2596	ISA	44	20	lnq9	figs-metonymy		0	his deceived heart misleads him
2597	ISA	44	20	e7xc			0	He cannot rescue himself	The person who worships idols cannot save himself
2598	ISA	44	21	ach7			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2599	ISA	44	21	t81a	figs-metonymy		0	Jacob, and Israel
2600	ISA	44	21	bng6	figs-activepassive		0	you will not be forgotten by me
2601	ISA	44	22	ey1y	figs-parallelism		0	I have blotted out, like a thick cloud, your rebellious deeds, and like a cloud, your sins	Both of these statements mean the same thing. God has removed their sins as quickly and easily as a wind can blow away a cloud. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2602	ISA	44	22	n1fa	figs-ellipsis		0	like a cloud, your sins
2603	ISA	44	23	p5tq	figs-apostrophe		0	Sing, you heavens ... glory in Israel	Here Isaiah speaks various parts of creation as if they were people and commands them to praise Yawheh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2604	ISA	44	23	pm5m	figs-merism		0	you depths of the earth
2605	ISA	44	24	c6gm			0	Redeemer	See how you translated this word in Isaiah 41:14.
2606	ISA	44	24	ye1e	figs-metaphor		0	he who formed you from the womb
2607	ISA	44	24	qcw6	figs-metaphor		0	who alone stretched out the heavens	Yahweh speaks of creating the heavens as if they were fabric which he stretched out. See how you translated a similar phrase in Isaiah 42:5. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2608	ISA	44	25	nig5			0	omens	These are signs that people used to attempt to predict the future.
2609	ISA	44	25	kf5f			0	the empty talkers	This refers to people who say things that are meaningless.
2610	ISA	44	26	rga7	figs-parallelism		0	who confirmed the words of his servant and brings to pass the predictions of his messengers	Yahweh is saying the same thing twice to emphasize that it is only he, Yahweh, who causes the prophesies to be fulfilled. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2611	ISA	44	26	fe6v	figs-abstractnouns		0	the words of his servant ... the predictions of his messengers
2612	ISA	44	26	eu48	figs-activepassive		0	She will be inhabited
2613	ISA	44	26	ply1	figs-activepassive		0	They will be built again
2614	ISA	44	26	e9rr	figs-metaphor		0	I will raise up their ruins
2615	ISA	44	28	ut9k			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2616	ISA	44	28	nrh6	figs-metaphor		0	He is my shepherd	Yahweh speaks of Cyrus ruling and protecting the people of Israel as if Cyrus is their shepherd. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2617	ISA	44	28	q7mc	figs-activepassive		0	She will be rebuilt
2618	ISA	44	28	j6ev	figs-activepassive		0	Let its foundations be laid
2619	ISA	45	intro	gu9r			0
2620	ISA	45	1	a5da	figs-metaphor		0	whose right hand I hold	Yahweh helping Cyrus and causing him to be successful is spoken of as if he were holding his right hand. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2621	ISA	45	2	r3lh			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Cyrus.
2622	ISA	45	2	kyy4	figs-metaphor		0	level the mountains	Yahweh speaks of removing obstacles that would hinder Cyrus's success as if it were leveling mountains before him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2623	ISA	45	2	jjq8			0	the mountains
2624	ISA	45	2	i615			0	their iron bars	This refers to the iron bars on the bronze gates.
2625	ISA	45	3	j4lq	figs-abstractnouns		0	the treasures of darkness
2626	ISA	45	4	lb2n			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Cyrus.
2627	ISA	45	4	x9uf	figs-doublet		0	Jacob ... Israel	These both refer to the descendants of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2628	ISA	45	5	uj89			0	I will arm you for battle
2629	ISA	45	6	rj47	figs-merism		0	from the rising of the sun, and from the west
2630	ISA	45	7	w7ux			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2631	ISA	45	7	fa4k	figs-merism		0	I form the light and create darkness; I bring peace and create disaster	Both of these expressions form merisms that emphasize that Yahweh is sovereign creator of everything. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
2632	ISA	45	8	bb15	figs-metaphor		0	You heavens, rain down from above ... righteousness spring up together with it	Yahweh speaks of his righteousness as if it were rain that falls on the earth, and of his righteousness and salvation as plants that grow on the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2633	ISA	45	8	lxn8	figs-apostrophe		0	You heavens	Yahweh momentarily turns his attention from his people and begins to speak to the heavens. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
2634	ISA	45	9	ecu9			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2635	ISA	45	9	f6zy	figs-metaphor		0	any other earthen pot among all the earthen pots in the ground
2636	ISA	45	9	v32t			0	earthen pot
2637	ISA	45	9	tc19	figs-rquestion		0	Does the clay say to the potter ... on it'?
2638	ISA	45	10	pin2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to scold those who argue with him about what he does.
2639	ISA	45	10	m3zm	figs-metaphor		0	Woe to him who says to a father, ... 'What are you giving birth to?'	Yahweh speaks of those who would argue him as if they were unborn children who argue with their own parents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2640	ISA	45	10	d6vv	figs-rquestion		0	What are you fathering? ... What are you giving birth to?
2641	ISA	45	11	f2x1			0	Holy One of Israel	See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 1:4.
2642	ISA	45	11	riq3	figs-rquestion		0	Why do you ask questions about what I will do for my children? Do you tell me what to do concerning the work of my hands?
2643	ISA	45	11	k97i			0	my children	This refers to the people of Israel.
2644	ISA	45	11	kv1c	figs-synecdoche		0	the work of my hands
2645	ISA	45	12	tk49			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2646	ISA	45	12	ki21	figs-synecdoche		0	It was my hands that
2647	ISA	45	12	ati8			0	stretched out the heavens	Yahweh speaks of creating the heavens as if they were fabric that he stretched out. See how you translated a similar phrase in Isaiah 42:5.
2648	ISA	45	13	t11e			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2649	ISA	45	13	wzd7			0	I stirred Cyrus up in righteousness
2650	ISA	45	13	ikq9	figs-metaphor		0	I stirred Cyrus	Yahweh speaks of causing Cyrus to act as if it were stirring him from slumber. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2651	ISA	45	13	rv5p	figs-metaphor		0	I will smooth out all his paths	Yahweh speaks of removing obstacles and causing Cyrus to be successful as if he were making the paths smooth on which Cyrus walks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2652	ISA	45	13	rhm5			0	He will build my city	This refers to Jerusalem.
2653	ISA	45	13	ye47	figs-doublet		0	not for price nor bribe
2654	ISA	45	13	by1u			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 1:9.
2655	ISA	45	14	s5el	figs-activepassive		0	The earnings of Egypt and the merchandise of Cush with the Sabeans, men of tall stature, will be brought to you
2656	ISA	45	14	x113			0	The earnings of Egypt	The profits of Egypt
2657	ISA	45	14	iqy3	translate-names		0	Sabeans	These are people from the nation of Seba. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2658	ISA	45	14	abe9	figs-you		0	to you
2659	ISA	45	16	xv24	figs-parallelism		0	They will all be ashamed and disgraced together; those who carve idols will walk in humiliation	These two lines share similar meanings, with the second clarifying the subject of the first. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2660	ISA	45	16	vu1f	figs-doublet		0	They will all be ashamed and disgraced together
2661	ISA	45	16	bs61	figs-metaphor		0	will walk in humiliation
2662	ISA	45	17	tdh9	figs-activepassive		0	Israel will be saved by Yahweh
2663	ISA	45	17	dq2m	figs-activepassive		0	you will never again be ashamed or humiliated
2664	ISA	45	18	wbc3			0	not as a waste
2665	ISA	45	18	su8c	figs-activepassive		0	but designed it to be inhabited
2666	ISA	45	19	w8up			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2667	ISA	45	20	ep69			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking
2668	ISA	45	20	ns4z			0	refugees	people who have fled from their homes so the enemy will not capture or kill them
2669	ISA	45	21	fjw3			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the refugees (Isaiah 45:20).
2670	ISA	45	21	m1fg			0	Let them conspire together
2671	ISA	45	21	jum4	figs-rquestion		0	Who has shown this from long ago? Who announced it? Was it not I, Yahweh?
2672	ISA	45	22	fdd5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2673	ISA	45	22	mrw2	figs-activepassive		0	Turn to me and be saved
2674	ISA	45	22	zpc4	figs-metaphor		0	all the ends of the earth
2675	ISA	45	22	ee2e	figs-metonymy		0	all the ends of the earth
2676	ISA	45	23	yq9q	figs-synecdoche		0	To me every knee will bend, every tongue will swear
2677	ISA	45	24	b27g			0	They will say	All the people on the earth are speaking.
2678	ISA	45	25	kxm4	figs-activepassive		0	In Yahweh all the descendants of Israel will be justified
2679	ISA	46	intro	c5i1			0		Isaiah 46 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Yahweh and the false gods This chapter is intended to compare Yahweh with various false Gods whom the Israelites worship. There really is no comparison at all because Yahweh alone is God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
2680	ISA	46	1	dtc9	figs-metaphor		0	Bel bows down, Nebo stoops; their idols ... for weary animals
2681	ISA	46	1	yx1v	translate-names		0	Bel ... Nebo	These were the two primary gods whom the Babylonians worshiped. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2682	ISA	46	1	tyx5			0	their idols	the idols that represented Bel and Nebo
2683	ISA	46	2	sa1p			0	they cannot rescue the images	Bel and Nebo cannot rescue their images
2684	ISA	46	2	wq5y	figs-metaphor		0	they themselves have gone off into captivity	Isaiah speaks of people carrying off these idols as if the false gods whom they represent are being carried off to captivity. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2685	ISA	46	3	i31a			0	Listen to me
2686	ISA	46	3	pyi8	figs-metaphor		0	who have been carried by me from before your birth, carried from the womb	Yahweh speaks of the nation of Israel as if it were a person, and of the nation's beginning as if it were its birth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2687	ISA	46	3	zb74	figs-metaphor		0	who have been carried by me
2688	ISA	46	4	qb31	figs-metaphor		0	Even to your old age I am he, and until your hair is gray I will carry you	Yahweh speaks of the nation of Israel becoming very old as if it were an old man with gray hair. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2689	ISA	46	5	tv2f			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2690	ISA	46	5	x46n	figs-rquestion		0	To whom will you compare me? Who do you think I resemble, so that we may be compared?
2691	ISA	46	5	v242	figs-activepassive		0	so that we may be compared
2692	ISA	46	7	pr7d			0	They lift it
2693	ISA	46	8	c43e			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to his people.
2694	ISA	46	10	gk7b			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to his people.
2695	ISA	46	10	ew3c	figs-parallelism		0	I announce the end from the beginning, and beforehand what has not yet happened
2696	ISA	46	11	f49l	figs-metaphor		0	I call a bird of prey from the east
2697	ISA	46	11	yfg8	figs-parallelism		0	I have spoken; I will also accomplish it; I have purposed, I will also do it.	This repeats the same idea for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2698	ISA	46	12	e8tz			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2699	ISA	46	12	cq6x	figs-metaphor		0	who are far from doing what is right	Yahweh speaks of the people stubbornly doing wrong as if they were physically far away from doing the right thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2700	ISA	46	13	ykp7	figs-personification		0	my salvation does not wait
2701	ISA	47	intro	ss9a			0		Isaiah 47 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Babylon This chapter prophesied the destruction of Babylon. At the time that the prophesy was written, Assyria was still in power and Babylon had not yet become a world power. The Chaldeans were not yet a powerful nation either. The people of Judah would become servants or slaves of Babylon and be forced to work very hard. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
2702	ISA	47	1	h2n7	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	In this chapter, Yahweh speaks to Babylon about her downfall as if she were a queen who is humiliated. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2703	ISA	47	1	qpl4	figs-parallelism		0	sit in the dust, virgin daughter of Babylon; sit on the ground ... daughter of the Chaldeans.	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Sitting in the dust was a sign of humiliation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
2704	ISA	47	1	u5gc	figs-metaphor		0	virgin daughter of Babylon ... daughter of the Chaldeans
2705	ISA	47	1	iz8h	figs-metonymy		0	without a throne
2706	ISA	47	1	v7zc	figs-activepassive		0	You will no longer be called dainty and delicate
2707	ISA	47	1	gl3j	figs-doublet		0	dainty and delicate
2708	ISA	47	2	xev9			0	millstone	a large stone used to grind grain
2709	ISA	47	3	nic9	figs-metaphor		0		Yahweh continues to speak to Babylon about her downfall as if she were a queen who is humiliated. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2710	ISA	47	3	jf7c	figs-activepassive		0	Your nakedness will be uncovered
2711	ISA	47	3	g35e	figs-euphemism		0	your shame will be seen
2712	ISA	47	4	w7a9	figs-inclusive		0	Our Redeemer
2713	ISA	47	4	l2cn			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 1:24.
2714	ISA	47	4	eul3			0	Holy One of Israel	See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 5:16.
2715	ISA	47	5	m7ax			0	daughter of the Chaldeans
2716	ISA	47	5	h2qf	figs-activepassive		0	for you will no longer be called
2717	ISA	47	5	zc1h	figs-metaphor		0	queen of kingdoms	Yahweh speaks of Babylon being the capital city of the Babylonian empire as if it were a queen who ruled many kingdoms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2718	ISA	47	6	x3uv	figs-metaphor		0		Yahweh continues to speak to Babylon about her downfall as if she were a queen who is humiliated. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2719	ISA	47	6	r3nq			0	I was angry
2720	ISA	47	6	nxq8	figs-metaphor		0	I defiled my heritage
2721	ISA	47	6	f2rz	figs-metonymy		0	gave them over into your hand
2722	ISA	47	6	b84q	figs-metaphor		0	you placed a very heavy yoke on the old people	Yahweh speaks of the Babylonians oppressing the old people as if they had treated the old people like cattle and put heavy yokes on their necks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2723	ISA	47	7	d71w	figs-metaphor		0	I will rule forever as sovereign queen	Babylon speaks of permanently ruling over many nations as if she were a queen who would rule forever. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2724	ISA	47	7	ia5g	figs-metaphor		0	You did not take these things to heart
2725	ISA	47	8	tb6u	figs-metaphor		0		Yahweh continues to speak to Babylon about her downfall as if she were a queen who is humiliated. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2726	ISA	47	8	s8dj			0	you who love pleasure
2727	ISA	47	8	k74f	figs-idiom		0	sit securely
2728	ISA	47	8	u9jp	figs-metaphor		0	I will never sit as a widow ... loss of children	Babylon believing that other nations will never be able to conquer her is spoken of as if she will never become a widow or never have children die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2729	ISA	47	8	h71w			0	I will never sit as a widow	I will never become a widow
2730	ISA	47	9	nwu5			0	in a moment in one day	suddenly at the same time
2731	ISA	47	10	eql9	figs-metaphor		0		Yahweh continues to speak to Babylon about her downfall as if she were a queen who is humiliated. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2732	ISA	47	10	f9kb	figs-metonymy		0	you say in your heart
2733	ISA	47	11	k9al	figs-metaphor		0	Disaster will overcome you
2734	ISA	47	11	j3z5	figs-metaphor		0	Destruction will fall on you
2735	ISA	47	11	qe57	figs-metaphor		0	Calamity will strike you
2736	ISA	47	12	r46s	figs-metaphor		0		Yahweh continues to speak to Babylon about her downfall as if she were a queen who is humiliated. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2737	ISA	47	12	zg4g	figs-irony		0	Persist in casting your spells ... perhaps you will scare away disaster	Yahweh mocks Babylon by telling her to continue to practice her sorcery to keep bad things away, but he knows that it will not help her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
2738	ISA	47	14	cm8n	figs-metaphor		0		Yahweh continues to speak to Babylon about her downfall as if she were a queen who is humiliated. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2739	ISA	47	14	v2fe	figs-simile		0	they will become like stubble. The fire will burn them up	Yahweh compares the magicians and sorcerers to straw that burns quickly in a fire. This means that Yahweh will destroy them as easily as fire burns stubble, and so they are powerless to save Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2740	ISA	47	14	ktj7	figs-metonymy		0	the hand of the flame
2741	ISA	47	14	z4mb			0	There are no coals to warm them and no fire for them to sit by	Yahweh emphasizes that this is a destructive fire by stating that it is not one that people will use to warm themselves.
2742	ISA	48	intro	db3q			0		Isaiah 48 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Yahweh and the false gods This chapter is set up to compare Yahweh with various false Gods whom the Israelites worship. There really is no comparison between the two because Yahweh alone is God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Exile Yahweh explains purpose behind the Jews exile in Babylon, even though it is still in the future. This emphasizes that that Yahweh is much more powerful than the false gods.
2743	ISA	48	1	kwr6			0	Hear this
2744	ISA	48	1	ur9w	figs-metonymy		0	house of Jacob
2745	ISA	48	1	y5hd	figs-activepassive		0	who are called by the name Israel
2746	ISA	48	1	b8ht	figs-metaphor		0	have come from the sperm of Judah
2747	ISA	48	1	nzc1			0	invoke the God of Israel	call on the God of Israel
2748	ISA	48	2	lqn2	figs-123person		0	they call themselves
2749	ISA	48	2	b2hj			0	the holy city	This refers to Jerusalem.
2750	ISA	48	2	w8wb			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 1:9.
2751	ISA	48	3	vsr3			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2752	ISA	48	3	bj46	figs-synecdoche		0	they came out from my mouth
2753	ISA	48	4	kh64	figs-simile		0	your neck muscles tight as iron, and your forehead like bronze
2754	ISA	48	5	l31k	figs-parallelism		0	I declared these things to you beforehand; before they happened I informed you	This is saying the same thing twice for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2755	ISA	48	6	wn4y			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2756	ISA	48	6	vf8u	figs-rquestion		0	will you not admit what I said is true?
2757	ISA	48	8	ltp3			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2758	ISA	48	8	e9nm	figs-metaphor		0	these things were not unfolded to your ears beforehand
2759	ISA	48	8	i9uv	figs-metaphor		0	from birth	Yahweh speaks of the nation's beginning as if it were its birth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2760	ISA	48	9	l3mk			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2761	ISA	48	9	r5sr	figs-metonymy		0	For the sake of my name I will defer my anger
2762	ISA	48	9	l496	figs-parallelism		0	for my honor I will hold back from destroying you	This part of the sentence means basically the same thing as the first part. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2763	ISA	48	10	rn48	figs-metaphor		0	Look, I refined you, but not as silver; I have purified you in the furnace of affliction	Yahweh speaks of using affliction to purify his people as if they were precious metals and affliction were a furnace in which he refines them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2764	ISA	48	11	sf4g	figs-rquestion		0	for how can I allow my name to be profaned?
2765	ISA	48	12	lbc9			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2766	ISA	48	12	q7py	figs-doublet		0	Jacob, and Israel	Both of these refer to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2767	ISA	48	12	f7ei	figs-merism		0	I am the first, I also am the last
2768	ISA	48	13	x9pc	figs-synecdoche		0	my hand laid the foundation of the earth, and my right hand spread out the heavens
2769	ISA	48	13	a1fq			0	the foundation of the earth
2770	ISA	48	13	u4il	figs-metaphor		0	spread out the heavens	Yahweh speaks of creating the heavens as if they were fabric which Yahweh stretched out. See how you translated a similar phrase in Isaiah 42:5. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2771	ISA	48	13	rx2t	figs-metaphor		0	when I call to them, they stand up together	Standing up when Yahweh calls is a metaphor for being ready to obey him. Yahweh speaks of the earth and the heavens as if they were able to hear him and obey him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2772	ISA	48	13	x82p			0	when I call to them
2773	ISA	48	14	b3gm			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2774	ISA	48	14	ery6	figs-rquestion		0	Who among you has announced these things?
2775	ISA	48	14	fb8g	figs-parallelism		0	Yahweh's ally will accomplish his purpose against Babylon. He will carry out Yahweh's will against the Chaldeans
2776	ISA	48	14	iq1y			0	his purpose	Yahweh's purpose
2777	ISA	48	15	u3l4	figs-doublet		0	I, I
2778	ISA	48	16	h55k			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2779	ISA	48	16	q1tx	figs-doublenegatives		0	I have not spoken in secret
2780	ISA	48	16	w6nj			0	sent me
2781	ISA	48	17	x4pq	figs-you		0	your Redeemer ... your God
2782	ISA	48	17	p3n4			0	Redeemer	See how you translated this word in Isaiah 41:14.
2783	ISA	48	17	r13i			0	Holy One of Israel	See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 1:4.
2784	ISA	48	17	zn3h	figs-metaphor		0	who leads you by the way that you should go	Yahweh teaching the people how they should live is spoken of as if he were leading them to walk on the correct paths. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2785	ISA	48	18	jb34	figs-hypo		0	If only you had obeyed my commandments	Yahweh describes something that could have happened but did not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
2786	ISA	48	18	ge2j	figs-metaphor		0	Then your peace and prosperity would have flowed like a river, and your salvation like the waves of the sea	These two phrases share similar meanings. In both, Yahweh speaks of Israel's experiencing abundant blessings as if those blessings flowed like water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2787	ISA	48	18	abl9	figs-ellipsis		0	your salvation like the waves of the sea
2788	ISA	48	19	f9ug			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues describing a hypothetical situation to the people of Israel.
2789	ISA	48	19	ysr5	figs-parallelism		0	Your descendants would have been as numerous as the sand, and the children from your womb as numerous as the grains of sand	These both mean that the people would have had more descendants than they could count. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2790	ISA	48	19	tp31	figs-metaphor		0	the children from your womb	Yahweh speaks of the descendants of the people of Israel as if they were children to which the nation gives birth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2791	ISA	48	19	yjm7	figs-metonymy		0	their name would not have been cut off nor blotted out
2792	ISA	48	19	icj1	figs-metonymy		0	their name
2793	ISA	48	19	w43e	figs-doublet		0	cut off nor blotted out
2794	ISA	48	20	na7u			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2795	ISA	48	20	lf27	figs-metaphor		0	to the ends of the earth
2796	ISA	48	20	kr2r	figs-metonymy		0	his servant Jacob
2797	ISA	48	21	pw4g			0	They did not thirst ... the waters gushed out	This refers to an event in the history of the people of Israel when Yahweh took care of them while they lived in the desert after escaping Egypt.
2798	ISA	49	intro	j3n4			0
2799	ISA	49	1	pv8e			0	Listen to me
2800	ISA	49	1	wr47	figs-metonymy		0	you coastlands
2801	ISA	49	2	wz7q	figs-metonymy		0	He has made my mouth like a sharp sword
2802	ISA	49	2	cz3k	figs-metaphor		0	he hid me in the shadow of his hand	Yahweh protecting his servant and keeping his purpose secret is spoken of as if Yahweh's hand cast a shadow over him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2803	ISA	49	2	uz4m	figs-metaphor		0	he has made me into a polished arrow; in his quiver he has hidden me	Yahweh's servant being able to carry out Yahweh's purposes effectively is spoken of as if the servant were a sharp, new arrow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2804	ISA	49	2	py5e	figs-metaphor		0	in his quiver he has hidden me	Yahweh protecting his servant and keeping his purpose secret is spoken of as if Yahweh kept him hidden in a quiver. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2805	ISA	49	2	kax8			0	quiver	a case used to carry arrows
2806	ISA	49	3	ka59			0	General Information:	Yahweh's servant continues speaking.
2807	ISA	49	3	l2za			0	He said	Yahweh said
2808	ISA	49	3	uwn2			0	You are my servant, Israel	You are my servant, whom I call Israel
2809	ISA	49	5	x2r8			0	General Information:	Yahweh's servant continues speaking.
2810	ISA	49	5	ic46	figs-activepassive		0	that Israel would be gathered to him
2811	ISA	49	5	p83j	figs-metaphor		0	I am honored in the eyes of Yahweh
2812	ISA	49	6	n48v	figs-metaphor		0	I will make you a light to the Gentiles	The servant bringing Yahweh's message to the Gentiles and helping them to understand it is spoken of as if Yahweh made the servant a light that shines among the Gentiles. See how you translated a similar phrase in Isaiah 42:6. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2813	ISA	49	6	v7h2	figs-metaphor		0	to the ends of the earth
2814	ISA	49	7	u1wg			0	Redeemer	See how you translated this word in Isaiah 41:14.
2815	ISA	49	7	qz3u	figs-activepassive		0	to the one whose life is despised, hated by the nations, and a slave of rulers
2816	ISA	49	7	ec8d			0	Holy One of Israel	See how you translated this phrase in Isaiah 1:4.
2817	ISA	49	8	j5i7	figs-parallelism		0	At a time I decide to show my favor I will answer you, and in a day of salvation I will help you	These two clauses mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2818	ISA	49	8	k1c2			0	I will answer you
2819	ISA	49	8	x79w	figs-abstractnouns		0	in a day of salvation
2820	ISA	49	8	l69w	figs-metonymy		0	give you as a covenant for the people
2821	ISA	49	8	p7as	figs-metonymy		0	to rebuild the land
2822	ISA	49	8	d3pr	figs-metaphor		0	to reassign the desolate inheritance
2823	ISA	49	9	c25s			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to his servant.
2824	ISA	49	9	zkr5	figs-metaphor		0	They will graze along the roads, and on all the bare slopes will be their pasture	Yahweh speaks of the people living freely and prosperously as if they were sheep that had plenty of pasture in which to graze. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2825	ISA	49	10	sqc7			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
2826	ISA	49	10	qew7			0	They will not
2827	ISA	49	10	pc41	figs-hendiadys		0	nor will the heat or sun beat on them
2828	ISA	49	10	j8sr	figs-123person		0	for he who has mercy on them ... he will guide them
2829	ISA	49	11	y1fv	figs-metaphor		0	I will make all my mountains into a road, and make my highways level	Yahweh speaks of guiding his people safely and removing obstacles from their path as if he turned mountains into roads and level highways. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2830	ISA	49	12	xd2x	translate-names		0	the land of Sinim	The location of this place is uncertain, but it may refer to a region in the southern part of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2831	ISA	49	13	y77d	figs-apostrophe		0	Sing, heavens, and be joyful, earth; break into singing, you mountains!	Isaiah turns his attention from the people of Israel and speaks to the heavens, earth, and mountains as if they were people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2832	ISA	49	14	hil4	figs-personification		0	But Zion said
2833	ISA	49	15	sx95	figs-rquestion		0	Can a woman forget her baby, nursing at her breast, so she does not have compassion on the son she has borne?
2834	ISA	49	16	f8l6	figs-personification		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Zion. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2835	ISA	49	16	z9g7	figs-metaphor		0	I have inscribed your name on my palms	Yahweh speaks of his unwavering devotion to Zion as if he had written her name on the palms of his hands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2836	ISA	49	16	fmu4	figs-metaphor		0	your walls are continually before me
2837	ISA	49	17	i85i	figs-metaphor		0	Your children are hurrying back
2838	ISA	49	18	r9kr	figs-metaphor		0	you will surely wear them like jewelry, and you will put them on like a bride	Yahweh speaks of the inhabitants of Zion as if they were jewelry that the city wears to show her beauty and joy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2839	ISA	49	18	ha7m	figs-ellipsis		0	you will put them on like a bride
2840	ISA	49	19	e1i6	figs-personification		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Zion as if it were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2841	ISA	49	19	y3yt	figs-doublet		0	Though you were a waste and desolate
2842	ISA	49	19	ppl1	figs-metaphor		0	those who devoured you
2843	ISA	49	20	th6g	figs-metaphor		0	The children born during the time of your bereavement
2844	ISA	49	20	u1bw			0	The place is too cramped for us	This means that there will be so many people that the city will be too small for them all to live in it.
2845	ISA	49	21	bh2w	figs-personification		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Zion as if it were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2846	ISA	49	21	pik2	figs-metaphor		0	Who has borne these children for me?	Zion speaks of the people who are returning to inhabit the city as if those people were her children. Zion's question expresses her surprise that so many children now belong to her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2847	ISA	49	21	ppt4	figs-metaphor		0	I was bereaved and barren, exiled and divorced	Zion describes herself as a woman incapable of having more children. She indicates the reasons for her great surprise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2848	ISA	49	21	y88k			0	I was bereaved and barren	I was mourning over my dead children and unable to have more
2849	ISA	49	21	k6i8			0	exiled and divorced	I was sent away, without a husband
2850	ISA	49	21	h2kt	figs-rquestion		0	Who has raised these children? Look, I was left all alone; where did these come from?
2851	ISA	49	22	d1yu	figs-personification		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Zion as if it were a woman. He explains how she is able to have so many children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2852	ISA	49	22	wx99	figs-parallelism		0	I will raise my hand to the nations; I will raise my signal flag to the peoples
2853	ISA	49	22	ps5y	figs-metaphor		0	They will bring your sons in their arms and carry your daughters on their shoulders	Yahweh speaks of the people who will inhabit Jerusalem as if they were the city's children. He also speaks of the people of other nations helping the Israelites to return to Jerusalem as if they were carrying the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2854	ISA	49	23	xx8n	figs-personification		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Zion as if it were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2855	ISA	49	23	q6dc	figs-metaphor		0	Kings will be your foster fathers, and their queens your nursemaids
2856	ISA	49	23	w8ev			0	they will bow down to you with their faces to the earth and lick the dust of your feet	These phrases describe gestures that people used to express complete submission to a superior.
2857	ISA	49	23	fx8v	figs-idiom		0	lick the dust of your feet	Possible meanings are 1) that this is a literal expression of submission where the person licks the dust off of a superior's foot or from the ground at the superior's foot or 2) that this is an idiom that describes a person prostrating himself before a superior. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2858	ISA	49	23	j5gn	figs-activepassive		0	will not be put to shame
2859	ISA	49	24	nrw9	figs-personification		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Zion as if it were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2860	ISA	49	24	w2vc	figs-rquestion		0	Can the spoils be taken from the warrior, or captives be rescued from the fierce?
2861	ISA	49	24	c5s2			0	spoils	valuable items taken from the losers in a battle
2862	ISA	49	25	kqr1	figs-activepassive		0	the captives will be taken away from the warrior, and spoils will be rescued
2863	ISA	49	25	zzu8	figs-metaphor		0	I will ... save your children	Yahweh speaks of the people who will inhabit Zion as if they were the city's children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2864	ISA	49	26	mu96			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Zion as if it were a person.
2865	ISA	49	26	qp7y	figs-metaphor		0	I will feed your oppressors with their own flesh
2866	ISA	49	26	l5ym	figs-metaphor		0	they will get drunk on their own blood, as if it were wine
2867	ISA	50	intro	w2ie			0
2868	ISA	50	1	ca66	figs-metaphor		0	Where is the certificate of divorce with which I divorced your mother?	Yahweh speaks of Zion as if the city were the mother of the people who lived there and of sending the people into exile as if he were divorcing their mother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2869	ISA	50	1	dz6i	figs-rquestion		0	Where is the certificate of divorce with which I divorced your mother?
2870	ISA	50	1	wz9n	figs-metaphor		0	To which of my creditors did I sell you?	Yahweh speaks of sending the people into exile as if he were selling them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2871	ISA	50	1	krc1	figs-rquestion		0	To which of my creditors did I sell you?
2872	ISA	50	1	k7at	figs-metaphor		0	you were sold because of your sins, and because of your rebellion, your mother was sent away
2873	ISA	50	2	ait1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2874	ISA	50	2	ie1n	figs-parallelism		0	Why did I come but there was no one there? Why did I call but no one answered?
2875	ISA	50	2	s2sd	figs-parallelism		0	Was my hand too short to ransom you? Was there no power in me to rescue you?
2876	ISA	50	2	cv6g	figs-metonymy		0	Was my hand too short
2877	ISA	50	2	lz41			0	Was there no power in me	Did I not have the power
2878	ISA	50	2	cl62	figs-metaphor		0	I make the rivers a desert
2879	ISA	50	2	d3r6			0	their fish die for lack of water and rot
2880	ISA	50	3	y7n5	figs-metaphor		0	I clothe the sky with darkness; I cover it with sackcloth
2881	ISA	50	4	ww6d			0	General Information:	Yahweh's servant begins to speak.
2882	ISA	50	4	ahs2	figs-metonymy		0	The Lord Yahweh has given me a tongue as one of those who are taught
2883	ISA	50	4	zzf8	figs-synecdoche		0	he awakens my ear to hear
2884	ISA	50	4	v3ta	figs-simile		0	like those who are taught
2885	ISA	50	5	m5ss			0	General Information:	The servant of Yahweh continues speaking.
2886	ISA	50	5	z5m7	figs-metaphor		0	The Lord Yahweh has opened my ear
2887	ISA	50	5	hk16	figs-parallelism		0	I was not rebellious, nor did I turn away backward
2888	ISA	50	6	f2mw	figs-metaphor		0	I gave my back to those who beat me, and my cheeks to those who plucked out my beard
2889	ISA	50	6	s9l3	figs-synecdoche		0	I did not hide my face from acts of shame and spitting
2890	ISA	50	7	h78s			0	General Information:	Yahweh's servant continues speaking.
2891	ISA	50	7	e3bh	figs-activepassive		0	therefore I am not disgraced
2892	ISA	50	7	y168	figs-synecdoche		0	so I have made my face like flint
2893	ISA	50	7	di16	figs-activepassive		0	for I know that I will not be put to shame
2894	ISA	50	8	bbf6			0	General Information:	Yahweh's servant continues speaking.
2895	ISA	50	8	fkm8	figs-rquestion		0	Who will oppose me? Let us stand ... Who is my accuser? Let him come
2896	ISA	50	9	ti2t	figs-rquestion		0	Who will declare me guilty?
2897	ISA	50	9	yj3u	figs-metaphor		0	they will all wear out like a garment; the moth will eat them up	There being no one left to accuse the servant of being guilty is spoken of as if the accusers were garments that wear thin and are eaten by moths. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2898	ISA	50	10	r1ep			0	General Information:	The servant continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2899	ISA	50	10	mki5	figs-rquestion		0	Who among you fears Yahweh? Who obeys the voice of his servant? Who walks in deep darkness without light? He should ... his God.
2900	ISA	50	10	k89u	figs-metonymy		0	obeys the voice of his servant
2901	ISA	50	10	v35n	figs-metaphor		0	walks in deep darkness without light
2902	ISA	50	10	kt5t	figs-parallelism		0	trust in the name of Yahweh and lean on his God
2903	ISA	50	11	w57f	figs-metaphor		0	all you who light fires ... flames that you have ignited	This continues the metaphor from the previous verse of people who walk in darkness. Here people who try to live according to their own wisdom instead of trusting in Yahweh are spoken of as if they lit their own fires and carried about torches in order to see in the dark. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2904	ISA	50	11	ftd9	figs-euphemism		0	You will lie down in a place of pain
2905	ISA	51	intro	lu7c			0
2906	ISA	51	1	amf7			0	Listen to me
2907	ISA	51	1	uux8	figs-metaphor		0	look at the rock ... and to the quarry
2908	ISA	51	1	xs1b	figs-metaphor		0	the rock from which you were chiseled and to the quarry from which you were cut
2909	ISA	51	1	c1ct	figs-activepassive		0	the rock from which you were chiseled
2910	ISA	51	1	p5bj			0	chiseled
2911	ISA	51	1	hik7	figs-activepassive		0	the quarry from which you were cut
2912	ISA	51	2	hqq2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2913	ISA	51	2	g6rc	figs-metonymy		0	Abraham, your father
2914	ISA	51	2	tb8v	figs-metonymy		0	Sarah, who bore you
2915	ISA	51	2	sx5w	figs-explicit		0	when he was a lone individual
2916	ISA	51	2	n1fl	figs-metonymy		0	made him many
2917	ISA	51	3	s9mz	figs-metonymy		0	Yahweh will comfort Zion
2918	ISA	51	3	cg58	figs-metonymy		0	he will comfort all her waste places
2919	ISA	51	3	puy1	figs-personification		0	her waste places ... her wilderness ... her desert plains
2920	ISA	51	3	v86m			0	waste places	places that have been destroyed
2921	ISA	51	3	s4bj	figs-parallelism		0	her wilderness he made like Eden, and her desert plains ... like the garden of Yahweh
2922	ISA	51	3	mwq3	figs-doublet		0	joy and gladness will be found in her
2923	ISA	51	4	yie3			0	General Information:	Yahweh speaks to the people of Israel.
2924	ISA	51	4	r699	figs-parallelism		0	Be attentive to me ... listen to me	These two phrases mean the same thing. Together they strengthen the command to listen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2925	ISA	51	4	lwr6	figs-metaphor		0	I will make my justice to be a light for the nations
2926	ISA	51	5	tw5t	figs-metaphor		0	My righteousness is near
2927	ISA	51	5	g33w	figs-metaphor		0	my salvation will go out
2928	ISA	51	5	m98k	figs-metonymy		0	my arm will judge the nations
2929	ISA	51	5	lfq1	figs-metonymy		0	the coastlands
2930	ISA	51	5	nf7a	figs-metonymy		0	for my arm they will eagerly wait
2931	ISA	51	6	w2kt			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2932	ISA	51	6	qs6h	figs-metaphor		0	Lift up your eyes to the sky
2933	ISA	51	6	d7zs	figs-simile		0	like smoke ... like a garment ... like flies	All of these refer to things that quickly and easily disappear or become useless. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2934	ISA	51	6	qh98	figs-metonymy		0	my salvation will continue forever
2935	ISA	51	6	s7yc	figs-metonymy		0	my righteousness will never stop working
2936	ISA	51	7	x85p			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2937	ISA	51	7	xj59	figs-metaphor		0	who have my law in your heart
2938	ISA	51	7	bh59	figs-activepassive		0	nor be disheartened by their abuse
2939	ISA	51	8	n35v	figs-metaphor		0	For the moth will eat them up like a garment, and the worm will eat them like wool	God speaks of people who abuse those who are righteous as if they were wool garments, and of their being destroyed as if insects ate them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2940	ISA	51	8	zf7f	figs-metonymy		0	my righteousness will be forever
2941	ISA	51	8	s8ph	figs-metonymy		0	and my salvation to all generations
2942	ISA	51	9	jyd6	figs-personification		0	Awake, awake, clothe yourself with strength, arm of Yahweh
2943	ISA	51	9	hn8n	figs-synecdoche		0	Awake, awake ... arm of Yahweh
2944	ISA	51	9	ms86	figs-metaphor		0	clothe yourself with strength
2945	ISA	51	9	ff4z	figs-rquestion		0	Is it not you who crushed Rahab, you who pierced the monster?
2946	ISA	51	9	rg6x	figs-parallelism		0	Rahab ... the monster	Rahab was the name of this mythological serpent in the sea. Rahab can symbolize either the nation of Egypt or evil and chaos. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2947	ISA	51	10	auk6	figs-rquestion		0	Did you not dry up the sea ... for the redeemed to pass through?
2948	ISA	51	11	vt9l			0	General Information:	This is very similar to Isaiah 35:10.
2949	ISA	51	11	f427	figs-nominaladj		0	The ransomed of Yahweh
2950	ISA	51	11	r918	figs-synecdoche		0	with gladness forever on their heads
2951	ISA	51	11	ew9a	figs-doublet		0	gladness and joy ... sorrow and mourning
2952	ISA	51	11	r6hp	figs-personification		0	gladness and joy will overtake them
2953	ISA	51	11	b5dr	figs-personification		0	sorrow and mourning will flee away
2954	ISA	51	12	r4xy			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2955	ISA	51	12	x91f			0	I, I, am he
2956	ISA	51	12	rzu7	figs-rquestion		0	Why are you afraid of men ... like grass?
2957	ISA	51	12	rjp1	figs-simile		0	who are made like grass
2958	ISA	51	12	q2ck	figs-activepassive		0	who are made like
2959	ISA	51	13	mp7z			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2960	ISA	51	13	ht5l	figs-rquestion		0	Why have you forgotten Yahweh ... earth?
2961	ISA	51	13	q4ec			0	Maker	See how you translated this name for Yahweh in Isaiah 17:7.
2962	ISA	51	13	ysh5	figs-metaphor		0	who stretched out the heavens
2963	ISA	51	13	nx9y			0	the foundations of the earth
2964	ISA	51	13	e7k3			0	the hot fury of the oppressor when he decides to destroy	the oppressor's hot fury when he decides to cause destruction
2965	ISA	51	13	mu4c	figs-idiom		0	hot fury
2966	ISA	51	13	f7jc	figs-rquestion		0	Where is the fury of the oppressor?
2967	ISA	51	14	n7t8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2968	ISA	51	14	wg9n	figs-metonymy		0	The one who is bent down
2969	ISA	51	14	kmy1	figs-metonymy		0	the pit
2970	ISA	51	14	y1k4	figs-synecdoche		0	nor will he lack bread
2971	ISA	51	15	i14u	figs-metaphor		0	who churns up the sea
2972	ISA	51	15	mi1u			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this name for Yahweh in Isaiah 1:9.
2973	ISA	51	16	m5qe	figs-metaphor		0	I have placed my words in your mouth
2974	ISA	51	16	s6rx	figs-metonymy		0	I have covered you in the shadow of my hand
2975	ISA	51	16	vnh9	figs-metaphor		0	that I may plant the heavens
2976	ISA	51	16	fa33			0	lay the foundations of the earth
2977	ISA	51	17	x64l	figs-metonymy		0	Awake, awake, stand up, Jerusalem
2978	ISA	51	17	pj9b			0	Awake, awake, stand up
2979	ISA	51	17	efp6	figs-metaphor		0	you who have drunk out of the hand of Yahweh ... from the cup of staggering	Yahweh speaks of having punished his people as if he had forced them to drink from a bowl that was filled with his anger. And when they drank from the bowl of his anger, they staggered as if they had drank a lot of wine. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2980	ISA	51	17	r4ck			0	down to the dregs
2981	ISA	51	17	k9wd	figs-synecdoche		0	out of the hand of Yahweh
2982	ISA	51	17	uw6s			0	from the cup of staggering	from the cup that caused you to stagger as if you were drunk on wine
2983	ISA	51	17	ca4r			0	staggering	not walking straight, or stumbling while walking
2984	ISA	51	18	qz3k	figs-parallelism		0	There is no one ... to guide her; there is no one ... to take her by the hand
2985	ISA	51	19	k1we			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2986	ISA	51	19	h1j1	figs-rquestion		0	who will grieve with you? ... Who will comfort you?
2987	ISA	51	19	a7nx			0	These two troubles
2988	ISA	51	19	mi81	figs-doublet		0	desolation and destruction
2989	ISA	51	19	b3y4	figs-metonymy		0	the famine and the sword
2990	ISA	51	20	sgk9	figs-hyperbole		0	they lie at every street corner
2991	ISA	51	20	jt6u	figs-simile		0	like an antelope in a net
2992	ISA	51	20	ead6	translate-unknown		0	antelope
2993	ISA	51	20	le4u	figs-metaphor		0	they are filled with the anger of Yahweh, the rebuke of your God
2994	ISA	51	21	nr5x			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Israel.
2995	ISA	51	21	icr5	figs-synecdoche		0	you oppressed one and drunken one
2996	ISA	51	21	j17a	figs-metaphor		0	drunken one, but not drunk with wine
2997	ISA	51	22	rfp2	figs-metaphor		0	See, I have taken the cup of staggering from your hand—the bowl, which is the cup of my anger—so that
2998	ISA	51	22	y2ud			0	See
2999	ISA	51	22	hi9q	figs-metonymy		0	the cup of staggering
3000	ISA	51	22	t4db	figs-metaphor		0	the bowl, which is the cup of my anger
3001	ISA	51	23	q5ky			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3002	ISA	51	23	qgu7	figs-metaphor		0	I will put it into the hand of your tormentors	This speaks of Yahweh punishing their enemies as if he were going to force them to drink from the cup filled with his anger. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3003	ISA	51	23	wu8d	figs-explicit		0	I will put it into the hand of your tormentors
3004	ISA	51	23	t6ks			0	your tormentors
3005	ISA	51	23	xv84	figs-simile		0	you made your back like the ground and like the street for them to walk on
3006	ISA	52	intro	ac65			0
3007	ISA	52	1	rzb3	figs-metaphor		0	Awake, awake	This word is repeated for emphasis and shows urgency. Isaiah trying to arouse the people is spoken of as if he were trying to wake them up from sleep. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3008	ISA	52	1	vfg8	figs-metaphor		0	put on your strength
3009	ISA	52	1	p8u4	figs-metonymy		0	Zion ... Jerusalem
3010	ISA	52	1	w8h9	figs-nominaladj		0	the uncircumcised or the unclean
3011	ISA	52	1	z2jx	figs-metaphor		0	the unclean
3012	ISA	52	1	wn2c	figs-metonymy		0	enter you
3013	ISA	52	2	l1h5			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3014	ISA	52	2	r7rx	figs-metonymy		0	Shake yourself off from the dust; arise and sit, Jerusalem
3015	ISA	52	2	wey6	figs-metonymy		0	take off the chain from your neck, captive	It is implied that the people of Jerusalem were wearing chains because they were slaves while exiled in Babylon. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3016	ISA	52	2	vg9w	figs-idiom		0	daughter of Zion
3017	ISA	52	3	f28v	figs-metaphor		0	You were sold for nothing, and you will be redeemed without money
3018	ISA	52	4	bae3			0	In the beginning
3019	ISA	52	4	kvl7			0	went down to ... Egypt
3020	ISA	52	4	jx27	figs-metonymy		0	Assyria has oppressed them
3021	ISA	52	5	v517	figs-rquestion		0	Now what do I have here ... seeing that my people are taken away for nothing?
3022	ISA	52	5	h4tq	figs-123person		0	this is Yahweh's declaration
3023	ISA	52	5	b5in	figs-activepassive		0	seeing that my people are taken away for nothing
3024	ISA	52	5	pw1c	figs-metaphor		0	for nothing
3025	ISA	52	5	zer1			0	Those who rule over them mock
3026	ISA	52	5	fb49	figs-metonymy		0	my name is blasphemed continually all day long
3027	ISA	52	6	b17m	figs-metonymy		0	Therefore my people will know my name
3028	ISA	52	7	g5yf			0	General Information:	Isaiah is speaking to the people of Israel.
3029	ISA	52	7	gt18	figs-synecdoche		0	How beautiful on the mountains are the feet of the messenger who brings good news
3030	ISA	52	7	r7l9	figs-metonymy		0	to Zion
3031	ISA	52	8	w7al	figs-idiom		0	raise their voices
3032	ISA	52	8	pq5s	figs-synecdoche		0	every eye of theirs
3033	ISA	52	9	ne24			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3034	ISA	52	9	d43j	figs-personification		0	you ruins of Jerusalem
3035	ISA	52	9	r2fs	figs-metonymy		0	he has redeemed Jerusalem
3036	ISA	52	10	j5iq	figs-metonymy		0	bared his holy arm
3037	ISA	52	10	w6qd	figs-metonymy		0	all the nations; all the earth
3038	ISA	52	11	vdv5			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3039	ISA	52	11	yq7w			0	Leave, leave	This word is repeated to emphasize that the people must indeed leave, although not necessarily right away.
3040	ISA	52	11	dd7u	figs-explicit		0	go out from there
3041	ISA	52	11	bel2	figs-metaphor		0	touch nothing unclean
3042	ISA	52	11	mu7x			0	leave from her midst
3043	ISA	52	12	vxi2	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh will go before you; and the God of Israel will be your rearguard	Yahweh protecting his people from their enemies is spoken of as if he were the warriors who go ahead of the people and the warriors who stay behind the people to protect them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3044	ISA	52	13	iaj3	figs-activepassive		0	he will be high and lifted up, and he will be exalted
3045	ISA	52	14	xyv2	figs-explicit		0	his appearance was so disfigured beyond that of any man
3046	ISA	52	15	z9hw			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking about his servant.
3047	ISA	52	15	qs33	figs-metaphor		0	my servant will sprinkle many nations	The servant causing the people of the nations to be acceptable to Yahweh is spoken of as if the servant were a priest who sprinkles the blood of a sacrifice to make someone or something acceptable to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3048	ISA	52	15	g9pf			0	will sprinkle
3049	ISA	52	15	vtr9	figs-metonymy		0	many nations
3050	ISA	52	15	ccn8	figs-idiom		0	kings will shut their mouths
3051	ISA	52	15	r1l5	figs-activepassive		0	that which they had not been told
3052	ISA	53	intro	znn5			0
3053	ISA	53	1	l33i	figs-pastforfuture		0	General Information:	Isaiah continues describing Yahweh's servant. Here Isaiah describes events that will happen in the future as if they happened in the past. This emphasizes that they certainly will happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
3054	ISA	53	1	yul6	figs-inclusive		0	Who has believed what they heard from us
3055	ISA	53	1	vlz4	figs-metonymy		0	to whom has the arm of Yahweh been revealed?
3056	ISA	53	2	v5vm	figs-simile		0	For he grew up before Yahweh like a sapling
3057	ISA	53	2	a2he	figs-metaphor		0	out of parched earth
3058	ISA	53	3	t4ar			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues describing Yahweh's servant (Isaiah 53:1-2).
3059	ISA	53	3	xp3g	figs-activepassive		0	He was despised and rejected by people
3060	ISA	53	3	bkb5			0	a man of sorrows	a man knowing all kinds of sadness
3061	ISA	53	3	j3j9	figs-metonymy		0	from whom men hide their faces
3062	ISA	53	3	tj7i	figs-activepassive		0	he was despised
3063	ISA	53	4	u1xa			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues describing Yahweh's servant (Isaiah 53:1-2).
3064	ISA	53	4	ypj5	figs-metaphor		0	he has borne our sicknesses and carried our sorrows
3065	ISA	53	4	xe8d	figs-activepassive		0	yet we thought he was being punished by God, struck by God, and afflicted
3066	ISA	53	5	x4y1			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues describing Yahweh's servant (Isaiah 53:1-2).
3067	ISA	53	5	wc4p	figs-parallelism		0	But he was pierced because of our rebellious deeds; he was crushed because of our sins
3068	ISA	53	5	u45c	figs-explicit		0	The punishment for our peace was on him
3069	ISA	53	5	t2bv	figs-activepassive		0	with his wounds we are healed
3070	ISA	53	6	vh4t			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues describing Yahweh's servant (Isaiah 53:1-2).
3071	ISA	53	6	gyq2	figs-simile		0	We all like sheep have gone astray	Sheep often leave the path on which the shepherd leads them. Isaiah means that we do what we want instead of what God commands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
3072	ISA	53	6	yd6v	figs-metaphor		0	the iniquity of us all
3073	ISA	53	7	u5pf			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues describing Yahweh's servant (Isaiah 53:1-2).
3074	ISA	53	7	qk3r	figs-activepassive		0	He was oppressed
3075	ISA	53	7	h2l8	figs-metonymy		0	he did not open his mouth
3076	ISA	53	7	ref7	figs-simile		0	as a lamb that is led to the slaughter, and as a sheep that before its shearers is silent	Isaiah compares the servant to a lamb and a sheep to emphasize that he will remain silent as people harm and humiliate him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
3077	ISA	53	7	j5bv	figs-simile		0	as a lamb that is led to the slaughter
3078	ISA	53	8	e1nv			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues describing Yahweh's servant (Isaiah 53:1-2).
3079	ISA	53	8	nfv9	figs-activepassive		0	By coercion and judgment he was condemned
3080	ISA	53	8	yy4i			0	coercion
3081	ISA	53	8	nqw6	figs-rquestion		0	who from that generation thought anymore about him?
3082	ISA	53	8	e9ga			0	who from that generation thought anymore about him?
3083	ISA	53	8	d1b3	figs-activepassive		0	But he was cut off from the land of the living
3084	ISA	53	8	j24p			0	of my people	of the people of Israel
3085	ISA	53	9	y3uz	figs-metonymy		0	nor had there been any deceit in his mouth
3086	ISA	53	10	mv7x			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues describing Yahweh's servant (Isaiah 53:1-2).
3087	ISA	53	10	db99	figs-metaphor		0	he will see his offspring
3088	ISA	53	10	zq6y	figs-idiom		0	he will prolong his days
3089	ISA	53	10	q44m	figs-activepassive		0	Yahweh's purpose will be accomplished through him
3090	ISA	53	11	y6hr	figs-metonymy		0	After the suffering of his life
3091	ISA	53	11	z63d	figs-metaphor		0	he will see light
3092	ISA	53	11	kq9w			0	My righteous servant
3093	ISA	53	11	q1ts	figs-metaphor		0	he will bear their iniquities
3094	ISA	53	12	y3y2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues describing his servant.
3095	ISA	53	12	p84g	figs-parallelism		0	Therefore will I give him his portion among the multitudes, and he will divide the spoils with the many
3096	ISA	53	12	q68p			0	the multitudes
3097	ISA	53	12	tiu1	figs-metonymy		0	because he exposed himself to death
3098	ISA	53	12	ih2g	figs-activepassive		0	was numbered with the transgressors
3099	ISA	54	intro	yq8q			0		Isaiah 54 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Yahweh's covenant faithfulness This chapter focuses on Yahweh's faithfulness to fulfill his covenants. It references several different covenant promises in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
3100	ISA	54	1	z782	figs-metaphor		0	you barren woman ... children of the married woman	Yahweh telling the people of Jerusalem to rejoice because there will be many people living in Jerusalem again is spoken of as if Yahweh were telling a barren women she is going to have many children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3101	ISA	54	1	qza5	figs-parallelism		0	break into joyful singing and cry aloud, you who have never been in birth labor	This statement means the same thing as the first part of the sentence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3102	ISA	54	1	zw4s	figs-pastforfuture		0	For the children of the desolate one are more
3103	ISA	54	1	vf4r			0	the desolate one
3104	ISA	54	2	j53q			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem.
3105	ISA	54	2	u8qg	figs-metaphor		0	Make your tent larger ... strengthen your stakes	This continues the metaphor that began in Isaiah 54:1. Yahweh telling the people of Jerusalem to prepare because Yahweh will greatly increase their people is spoken of as if he is telling a woman to make her tent bigger to make room for many children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3106	ISA	54	3	a221	figs-you		0	For you will spread out
3107	ISA	54	3	b8xu	figs-metonymy		0	will conquer nations
3108	ISA	54	4	xjp6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem.
3109	ISA	54	4	zk1l	figs-metaphor		0	you will forget the shame of your youth and the disgrace of your abandonment	Yahweh telling the people that in the future they will not even think about the shame they experienced when their enemies defeated them is spoken of as if Yahweh were telling a woman that she will no longer think about the shame she experienced from being unable to have children and having her husband abandon her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3110	ISA	54	5	yck3			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem.
3111	ISA	54	5	r46e	figs-metaphor		0	For your Maker is your husband	Yahweh loving and taking care of his people is spoken of as if he were their husband. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3112	ISA	54	5	baj2			0	Maker	See how you translated this in Isaiah 17:7.
3113	ISA	54	5	qmd4			0	Yahweh of hosts	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:24.
3114	ISA	54	5	um8u			0	The Holy One of Israel	See how you translated this in Isaiah 5:16.
3115	ISA	54	5	nkc4			0	Redeemer	See how you translated this in Isaiah 41:14.
3116	ISA	54	5	zf3w	figs-activepassive		0	he is called the God of the whole earth
3117	ISA	54	6	mj4h	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh has called you back as a wife ... like a woman married young and rejected	Yahweh sending his people away into exile then bringing them back is spoken of as if Yahweh were a husband who had rejected his wife but now accepts her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
3118	ISA	54	6	c9rt	figs-metonymy		0	grieved in spirit
3119	ISA	54	7	n9cy			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem.
3120	ISA	54	8	w36x	figs-metaphor		0	In a flood of anger
3121	ISA	54	8	lz5y	figs-idiom		0	I hid my face from you
3122	ISA	54	8	ued4	figs-abstractnouns		0	but with everlasting covenant faithfulness
3123	ISA	54	8	r671	figs-123person		0	says Yahweh, the one who rescues you
3124	ISA	54	9	xuf9	figs-explicit		0	the waters of Noah	This refers to the flood that Yahweh caused during the time of Noah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3125	ISA	54	10	z7di	figs-hypo		0	Though the mountains may fall and the hills be shaken, yet my steadfast love
3126	ISA	54	10	n2al	figs-activepassive		0	the hills be shaken
3127	ISA	54	10	g8ib	figs-metaphor		0	my steadfast love will not turn away from you
3128	ISA	54	10	e3aj	figs-metaphor		0	nor will my covenant of peace be shaken
3129	ISA	54	10	h5qq	figs-123person		0	says Yahweh, who has mercy on you
3130	ISA	54	11	m1w7			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem.
3131	ISA	54	11	dx8e	figs-apostrophe		0	Afflicted one
3132	ISA	54	11	n2mb	figs-metaphor		0	storm-driven	Yahweh speaks of the people as if they were blown around and damaged by the winds and storms. This means the people were hurt and without stability. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3133	ISA	54	11	dk4c			0	uncomforted one	without comfort
3134	ISA	54	11	r3g9			0	I will set your pavement in turquoise ... lay your foundations with sapphires	Yahweh describes in ideal terms how he will restore Jerusalem and cause it to be beautiful again. Although the language may be exaggerated, you should translate this just as Yahweh described it.
3135	ISA	54	11	ih34	translate-unknown		0	turquoise ... sapphires	These are precious gemstones. Turquoise is light blue-to-green, sapphires are typically dark blue. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
3136	ISA	54	12	v6lh			0	I will make ... beautiful stones	Yahweh describes in ideal terms how he will restore Jerusalem and cause it to be beautiful again. Although the language may be exaggerated, you should translate this just as Yahweh described it.
3137	ISA	54	12	d32a	translate-unknown		0	rubies	These precious gemstones are red to pink. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
3138	ISA	54	13	via6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem.
3139	ISA	54	13	zt6p	figs-activepassive		0	Then all your children will be taught by Yahweh
3140	ISA	54	13	e6ul	figs-123person		0	by Yahweh
3141	ISA	54	14	e2ru	figs-abstractnouns		0	In righteousness you will be established
3142	ISA	54	14	rk6l			0	it will not come near to you	No one in the city or outsiders will ever terrify the inhabitants of Jerusalem again.
3143	ISA	54	15	h4z4			0	General Information:	Yahweh continue speaking to the people of Jerusalem.
3144	ISA	54	15	hxz5	figs-idiom		0	stirs up trouble
3145	ISA	54	15	ii4x	figs-idiom		0	will fall in defeat
3146	ISA	54	17	x962			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem.
3147	ISA	54	17	thu4	figs-metonymy		0	No weapon that is formed against you will succeed
3148	ISA	54	17	f69n	figs-metaphor		0	This is the heritage of the servants of Yahweh	The reward that Yahweh will give to those who serve him is spoken of as if the reward were something they would inherit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3149	ISA	54	17	b727	figs-123person		0	this is Yahweh's declaration
3150	ISA	55	intro	c34c			0		Isaiah 55 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Gentiles Many scholars believe this chapter prophesies that Gentiles will be able to come to a saving faith in Yahweh. At this time, the Israelites believed that only an Israelite could be saved. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])
3151	ISA	55	1	vge8	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh speaks of blessing the people freely as if he were selling food and drink to needy people for free. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3152	ISA	55	1	y9kd			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem in exile through Isaiah.
3153	ISA	55	1	g9yx			0	Come ... Come	The repetition of this word four times adds a sense of urgency to the invitation.
3154	ISA	55	1	wtd4	figs-irony		0	buy wine and milk without money and without cost	There is a sense of irony in this statement since a person usually has to use money to buy something. This emphasizes Yahweh's amazing grace in giving these things freely. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
3155	ISA	55	2	c9ai			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem.
3156	ISA	55	2	ha8z	figs-rquestion		0	Why do you weigh out ... bread, and why do you labor ... satisfy?
3157	ISA	55	2	wil6	figs-explicit		0	weigh out silver
3158	ISA	55	2	ua4a	figs-synecdoche		0	for what is not bread
3159	ISA	55	2	l8h1	figs-metaphor		0	eat what is good, and delight yourselves in fatness	The people trusting Yahweh for blessing and happiness is spoken of as if they are eating good food that is making them happy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3160	ISA	55	2	b221	figs-idiom		0	in fatness
3161	ISA	55	3	npj6	figs-metaphor		0	Turn your ears
3162	ISA	55	4	lar1			0	I have placed him	Possible meanings are 1) this refers to what Yahweh did for King David in the past or 2) it refers to what God will do through one of David's descendants.
3163	ISA	55	5	leh9			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem.
3164	ISA	55	5	pxt4			0	the Holy One of Israel	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:4.
3165	ISA	55	6	qi9x	figs-activepassive		0	Seek Yahweh while he may be found
3166	ISA	55	7	c3wy	figs-nominaladj		0	Let the wicked leave his path
3167	ISA	55	7	y63b	figs-ellipsis		0	the man of sin his thoughts
3168	ISA	55	7	wj8e			0	his thoughts
3169	ISA	55	7	h5ht			0	he will pity him	Yahweh will pity him
3170	ISA	55	7	mq71	figs-ellipsis		0	to our God
3171	ISA	55	8	faw8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem.
3172	ISA	55	9	gd6x	figs-metaphor		0	for as the heavens are higher than the earth, so are my ways higher than your ways, and my thoughts than your thoughts	Yahweh speaks of the things that he does and how he thinks as being far superior to or higher than what people do and think, just like the sky is much higher than the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3173	ISA	55	10	i9uz			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem.
3174	ISA	55	10	i7ei			0	For as the rain and snow ... do not return there	This is likely a description of the rain and snow evaporating.
3175	ISA	55	11	xj89	figs-personification		0	so also my word ... it will achieve the purpose for which I sent it	Yahweh speaks of his word as if it were a person whom he sends out as his messenger to accomplish a task. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3176	ISA	55	11	mi1p	figs-synecdoche		0	my word will be that goes from my mouth
3177	ISA	55	11	q6s2	figs-explicit		0	it will not return to me empty
3178	ISA	55	12	z72i			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem.
3179	ISA	55	12	eni2	figs-activepassive		0	be led along peacefully
3180	ISA	55	12	w3uy	figs-personification		0	the mountains and the hills will break out in joyful shouts before you, and all the trees of the fields will clap their hands	Yahweh speaks of the mountains, hills, and trees as if they were people with voices and hands, celebrating as Yahweh rescues his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
3181	ISA	55	13	a7v2	translate-unknown		0	Instead of the thornbushes, the cypress will grow; and instead of the brier, the myrtle tree will grow
3182	ISA	55	13	l82f	figs-metonymy		0	for his name
3183	ISA	55	13	pj5z	figs-metaphor		0	that will not be cut off
3184	ISA	56	intro	y2w8			0		Isaiah 56 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Gentiles Many scholars believe this chapter prophesies that Gentiles will be able to come to a saving faith in Yahweh. At this time, the Israelites believed that only an Israelite could be saved. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) Important figures of speech in this chapter Beasts The Israelites are compared to beasts and dogs in this chapter. This would have been very offensive to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3185	ISA	56	1	f7bp	figs-activepassive		0	for my salvation is near, and my righteousness is about to be revealed.
3186	ISA	56	2	v4ay	figs-idiom		0	who holds it tightly
3187	ISA	56	2	cv9i	figs-synecdoche		0	keeps his hand from doing any evil
3188	ISA	56	3	f7kq	figs-metaphor		0	See, I am a dry tree	This means eunuchs may have thought they could not be a part of God's people because they were deformed by castration (and for this reason could not have children). Israelites did not practice castration; foreigners did, sometimes for punishment. Eunuchs who had accepted the Hebrew faith knew that normally they were not allowed to worship in the temple (Deut. 23:1). The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3189	ISA	56	5	l1fz	figs-doublet		0	in my house and within my walls
3190	ISA	56	5	hk5n	figs-activepassive		0	that will never be cut off
3191	ISA	56	6	avp4	figs-metonymy		0	who love the name of Yahweh
3192	ISA	56	7	ub9a			0	holy mountain	See how you translated this in Isaiah 11:9.
3193	ISA	56	7	i34j	figs-activepassive		0	will be accepted on my altar
3194	ISA	56	7	w7t2	figs-activepassive		0	my house will be called a house of prayer
3195	ISA	56	9	v1f8	figs-metaphor		0	All you wild beasts of the field, come and devour, all you beasts in the forest	God is calling armies of other nations by comparing them to animals to come and attack the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3196	ISA	56	10	m4qm			0	All their watchmen are blind	This means Israel's leaders cannot or perhaps do not want to see what is going on in society.
3197	ISA	56	10	tz9w	figs-metaphor		0	They are all silent dogs	The leaders are supposed to open their mouths and warn the people, but they do not. Comparing someone to a dog in this society is a great insult. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3198	ISA	56	10	r63i			0	They dream, and lying down they love to sleep	This means the leaders are not bringing God's word of warning to Israel but prefer their own comfort.
3199	ISA	56	11	tzq4			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues describing the evil leaders of his people.
3200	ISA	56	11	ub1k	figs-metaphor		0	The dogs have big appetites	Yahweh continues comparing Israel's bad leaders to dogs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3201	ISA	57	intro	miv3			0		Isaiah 57 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Child sacrifice This chapter references the killing of children. Some religions in the ancient Near East practiced the sacrificing of their children. This was considered evil by Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Mocking The people abandoned the worship of Yahweh in favor of other gods. When they needed help, he tells them to ask these false gods. This is mocking the power of the false gods and shows the people the uselessness of their worship of these gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
3202	ISA	57	1	r38x	figs-abstractnouns		0	the people of covenant faithfulness
3203	ISA	57	1	mfl3	figs-euphemism		0	are gathered away ... is gathered away
3204	ISA	57	1	u6v1	figs-activepassive		0	that the righteous is gathered away from the evil
3205	ISA	57	2	zn46			0	He enters into peace	The righteous enter into peace
3206	ISA	57	2	gu23	figs-euphemism		0	they rest	they die (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
3207	ISA	57	2	h6t8			0	those who walk in their uprightness	those who have done what is right
3208	ISA	57	3	xix7			0	But come here	God is calling all of the unfaithful people to come before him so he can judge them in a strong contrast to the promises for the righteous that came before.
3209	ISA	57	3	r3tv	figs-metaphor		0	sons of the sorceress	This is a strong insult against the people who practice sorcery because sorcery and magic includes idolatry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3210	ISA	57	3	z4xi			0	children of the adulterer and the woman who has prostituted herself	This refers to actual and spiritual adultery. They have abandoned the worship of God and now worship other gods and idols along with actual prostitution in pagan Canaanite ceremonies.
3211	ISA	57	4	wik1	figs-rquestion		0	Whom are you merrily mocking? Against whom are you opening the mouth and sticking out the tongue?
3212	ISA	57	4	mbu5	figs-rquestion		0	Are you not children of rebellion, children of deceit?
3213	ISA	57	5	xfv6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the unfaithful people of Israel.
3214	ISA	57	5	zeb6	figs-explicit		0	You heat yourselves ... under the rocky overhangs	All of these actions are associated with worshiping idols. The oaks were sacred trees to the Canaanites. People thought such activity would increase fertility for people and the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3215	ISA	57	6	db7z			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the unfaithful people of Israel.
3216	ISA	57	6	yy1r	figs-activepassive		0	that have been assigned to you
3217	ISA	57	6	r76w	figs-rquestion		0	In these things should I take pleasure?
3218	ISA	57	7	mdj3			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the unfaithful people of Israel.
3219	ISA	57	7	h9pb	figs-euphemism		0	You prepared your bed	This refers to sleeping with prostitutes as a part of worshiping false gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
3220	ISA	57	7	er5k	figs-explicit		0	on a high mountain	People often went on top of hills and mountains to worship false gods. They thought those were the best places for worship. This might even refer to Jerusalem, too. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3221	ISA	57	8	bg7e			0	You made a covenant with them	You made a contract with them
3222	ISA	57	9	qkt8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the unfaithful people of Israel.
3223	ISA	57	9	ek3t	figs-hyperbole		0	you went down to Sheol	The people did not literally go to Sheol, the world of the dead. Instead, Yahweh is indicating by exaggeration that the people were willing to go anywhere to find new gods to worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
3224	ISA	57	10	yn3i	figs-metaphor		0	You found life in your hand
3225	ISA	57	11	gqf9			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the unfaithful people of Israel.
3226	ISA	57	11	r1q1	figs-rquestion		0	Whom are you worried about? Whom do you fear so much that has caused you to act so deceitfully ... about me?
3227	ISA	57	11	wq9h	figs-doublet		0	so much that you would not remember me or think about me	These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that, although the people should have remembered Yahweh, they did not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
3228	ISA	57	12	cld8	figs-irony		0	I will proclaim all your righteous acts and tell all that you have done	Yahweh is being sarcastic, calling their evil deeds so-called righteousness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
3229	ISA	57	13	may9			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the unfaithful people of Israel.
3230	ISA	57	13	c5vg	figs-irony		0	let your collection of idols rescue you	Yahweh is mocking the people and their idols. He tells the idols to save the people though he knows they cannot. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
3231	ISA	57	13	vdx1	figs-parallelism		0	the wind will carry them all away, a breath will carry them all away
3232	ISA	57	13	s4h7			0	holy mountain
3233	ISA	57	14	d8ms	figs-metaphor		0	Build, build! Clear a way! Remove all the stumbling blocks from the path of my people	Yahweh is emphatic and urgent that a clear and level road be available for the people to return to him and free of obstacles to worshiping Yahweh. This echoes Isaiah 40:3. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3234	ISA	57	15	nf35			0	For this is what the high and elevated One says
3235	ISA	57	15	y31b	figs-parallelism		0	to revive the spirit of the humble ones, and to revive the heart of the contrite ones	These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh will strengthen and encourage those who humble themselves before him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3236	ISA	57	15	z6yj	figs-metonymy		0	spirit ... heart	Here these refer to a person's thoughts and emotions, not the spirit and heart literally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3237	ISA	57	16	h42q			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3238	ISA	57	17	kl3t	figs-idiom		0	I hid my face	This means God gave up on his people and no longer helped or blessed them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
3239	ISA	57	17	n312	figs-metonymy		0	he went backward in the way of his heart
3240	ISA	57	18	p57m			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
3241	ISA	57	18	utk3			0	his ways
3242	ISA	57	18	kfr6			0	comfort and console those who mourn for him	I will soothe and calm those who feel sad for the people's suffering because of their sinful behavior
3243	ISA	57	19	u422	figs-metonymy		0	I create the fruit of the lips
3244	ISA	57	19	nl5v			0	Peace, peace, to those who are far off
3245	ISA	57	20	w5a6	figs-simile		0	But the wicked are like the tossing sea ... mire and mud	This compares the wicked to rough water on the shore that makes the water dirty. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
3246	ISA	58	intro	wkw6			0
3247	ISA	58	1	akw2	figs-simile		0	Lift up your voice like a trumpet
3248	ISA	58	1	dw8k	figs-parallelism		0	Confront my people with their rebellion, and the house of Jacob with their sins	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Together they strengthen the urgency to confront Yahweh's people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3249	ISA	58	3	c1tq	figs-rquestion		0	'Why have we fasted,' they say, 'but you do not see it? Why have we humbled ourselves, but you do not notice?'	The people of Israel use questions to complain to God because they feel he is ignoring them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
3250	ISA	58	4	tg4q			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel by answering their challenging question.
3251	ISA	58	4	vt4a			0	Look
3252	ISA	58	4	i2t9	figs-metonymy		0	fist of wickedness
3253	ISA	58	5	wb5r	figs-rquestion		0	Is this really the kind of fast that I would want ... under himself?
3254	ISA	58	5	acf6	figs-simile		0	A day for anybody to humble himself, for him to bow down his head like a reed
3255	ISA	58	5	bg7s	figs-rquestion		0	Do you really call this a fast, a day that pleases Yahweh?
3256	ISA	58	6	xbv6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3257	ISA	58	6	ba3r	figs-rquestion		0	Is not this the fast that I choose ... break every yoke?
3258	ISA	58	6	d4hx	figs-metonymy		0	To release wicked bonds, to undo the ropes of the yoke, to set the crushed ones free, and to break every yoke	All of these phrases mean they should help those people whom the wicked are hurting and oppressing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3259	ISA	58	7	mv38	figs-rquestion		0	Is it not to ... your house?
3260	ISA	58	7	g6ne	figs-idiom		0	break your bread	This phrase represents starting the meal by the host tearing the loaf of bread apart. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
3261	ISA	58	8	dpx1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3262	ISA	58	8	pk9d	figs-idiom		0	Then your light would be broken open like the sunrise
3263	ISA	58	8	n7u7	figs-metaphor		0	your healing would quickly sprout up	This means God will bless and restore them quickly, as a wound heals quickly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3264	ISA	58	8	jj59			0	your righteousness would go before you, and the glory of Yahweh would be your rearguard	This refers to the time when God protected the people of Israel as they escaped from Egypt. This means God will again protect them from their enemies if they will do what is right.
3265	ISA	58	8	qu5x			0	your righteousness	This expression in Hebrew can also be interpreted as the one who gives righteousness or even victory. In this context, this expression would refer to God. A few modern versions have this interpretation.
3266	ISA	58	9	sym6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3267	ISA	58	10	c9f8	figs-metaphor		0	then your light will rise in the darkness, and your darkness will be like the noonday
3268	ISA	58	11	g6up			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3269	ISA	58	11	n3uj	figs-metaphor		0	satisfy you in regions where there is no water
3270	ISA	58	11	spd1	figs-simile		0	You will be like a watered garden
3271	ISA	58	11	e2u3	figs-simile		0	like a spring of water, whose waters never fail
3272	ISA	58	12	ue2m			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3273	ISA	58	12	a2lt	figs-activepassive		0	you will be called
3274	ISA	58	13	ha7a			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3275	ISA	58	13	dvf4	figs-synecdoche		0	you turn back your feet from traveling on the Sabbath day, and from doing your own pleasure on my holy day
3276	ISA	58	14	md3q			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3277	ISA	58	14	gl7b	figs-metaphor		0	I will make you ride on the heights of the earth	This refers to God exalting the nation in reputation and power in response to living righteously. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3278	ISA	58	14	g7g6	figs-synecdoche		0	for the mouth of Yahweh has spoken
3279	ISA	59	intro	ag3n			0		Isaiah 59 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Yahweh's deliverance When Israel was conquered, they were being punished for their sin. Yahweh is strong enough to deliver them, but he did not because he desired to refine them through the experience of the exile. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
3280	ISA	59	1	pss8			0	Look
3281	ISA	59	1	q7gn	figs-metonymy		0	Yahweh's hand is not so short
3282	ISA	59	2	d3ku	figs-you		0	your ... you	These plural pronouns refer to the people of Israel as a single group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
3283	ISA	59	2	b6lq	figs-personification		0	your sins have made him hide his face from you
3284	ISA	59	3	a5my			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3285	ISA	59	3	brc4	figs-metonymy		0	For your hands are stained with blood and your fingers with sin
3286	ISA	59	3	h19x	figs-metonymy		0	Your lips speak lies and your tongue speaks maliciously
3287	ISA	59	4	a81n	figs-metaphor		0	they conceive trouble and give birth to sin
3288	ISA	59	5	nqx3			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Israel about the evil they do using the metaphors of poisonous snakes and spider's webs.
3289	ISA	59	5	a5v3	figs-metaphor		0	They hatch eggs of a poisonous snake
3290	ISA	59	5	np5s	figs-metaphor		0	weave a spider's web
3291	ISA	59	5	ntp8	figs-metaphor		0	Whoever eats of their eggs dies, and if an egg is crushed, it hatches into a poisonous snake
3292	ISA	59	5	zj3v	figs-activepassive		0	if an egg is crushed
3293	ISA	59	6	njm8	figs-metaphor		0	Their webs cannot be used for garments, nor can they cover themselves with their works
3294	ISA	59	6	r1fj	figs-activepassive		0	Their webs cannot be used for garments
3295	ISA	59	6	q53u	figs-metonymy		0	deeds of violence are in their hands
3296	ISA	59	7	u2rk			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3297	ISA	59	7	l2vv	figs-synecdoche		0	Their feet run to evil
3298	ISA	59	7	k2ys	figs-metaphor		0	are their roads
3299	ISA	59	8	i53h	figs-metaphor		0	there is no justice in their paths
3300	ISA	59	8	lc94	figs-metaphor		0	They have made crooked paths
3301	ISA	59	9	yen4			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3302	ISA	59	9	ps1q	figs-inclusive		0	justice is far from us
3303	ISA	59	9	ir1h	figs-parallelism		0	We wait for light, but see darkness; we look for brightness, but we walk in darkness	Each of these phrases means that the people are waiting for God's goodness, but it seems like he has abandoned them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3304	ISA	59	10	bg1w	figs-simile		0	We grope for the wall like the blind ... like dead men	This means that because God is not coming to them, they feel helpless, not finding the right path and despairing of the future, with no hope for a vibrant life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
3305	ISA	59	11	wv6x			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3306	ISA	59	11	jgk8	figs-simile		0	We growl like bears and moan like doves	These refer to the sounds the people made because they were distressed and mourning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
3307	ISA	59	12	ihk9			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking.
3308	ISA	59	12	c6ut	figs-inclusive		0	our many transgressions
3309	ISA	59	12	dxj1	figs-you		0	before you
3310	ISA	59	12	ujp4	figs-personification		0	our sins testify against us	Isaiah describes the sins as a person who goes before God to declare that the people are guilty. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
3311	ISA	59	12	w614	figs-metaphor		0	for our transgressions are with us
3312	ISA	59	14	shd5			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking.
3313	ISA	59	14	wi7i	figs-activepassive		0	Justice is driven back
3314	ISA	59	14	e1d8	figs-personification		0	Justice ... righteousness ... truth ... right	These are ideas that Isaiah describes as acting like persons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
3315	ISA	59	15	g3ak	figs-personification		0	Trustworthiness	Isaiah describes this idea as acting like a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
3316	ISA	59	16	j6z8			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking.
3317	ISA	59	16	qym5			0	He saw that there was no man, and wondered that there was no one to intervene.
3318	ISA	59	16	ngp8	figs-metonymy		0	Therefore his own arm brought salvation for him
3319	ISA	59	16	cty4	figs-personification		0	his righteousness sustained him
3320	ISA	59	17	c6gq	figs-metaphor		0	He put on righteousness as a breastplate and a helmet of salvation upon his head. He clothed himself with garments of vengeance and wore zeal as a mantle
3321	ISA	59	17	c42q			0	mantle	a loose, flowing robe
3322	ISA	59	18	s3p1			0	He repaid them	Isaiah is describing a future event as if it happened in the past. This means that it will certainly happen.
3323	ISA	59	19	hr5t			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking.
3324	ISA	59	19	j5p8	figs-metonymy		0	fear the name of Yahweh
3325	ISA	59	19	a6vs	figs-merism		0	from the west ... from the sun's rising	Isaiah combines these words to mean people in all places of the world. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
3326	ISA	59	19	s4n5	figs-simile		0	for he will come as a rushing stream	Narrow valleys in Judah were dry most of the year until a sudden, heavy rain turned them into fast-moving water. When that happened there was a lot of noise and wind. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
3327	ISA	59	19	v9b2	figs-activepassive		0	driven by the breath of Yahweh
3328	ISA	59	20	sbk2	figs-123person		0	this is Yahweh's declaration
3329	ISA	59	21	yj33			0	my words which I have put in your mouth	the message I have given you to speak
3330	ISA	60	intro	w59w			0		Isaiah 60 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Israel's restoration This chapter pictures a time when Israel will be fully restored to Yahweh. They will be everything Yahweh intended them to be. All the nations will look to Israel and acknowledge her special relationship to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])
3331	ISA	60	1	z5e6			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3332	ISA	60	1	dli2	figs-metaphor		0	Arise, shine; for your light has come, and the glory of Yahweh has risen on you	This refers to the glorious things Yahweh has done for the inhabitants of Jerusalem. They are now to show that glory through what they do and say and have hope in the future. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3333	ISA	60	2	u9cn			0	General Information:
3334	ISA	60	2	ty2x	figs-parallelism		0	Though darkness will cover the earth, and thick darkness the nations
3335	ISA	60	2	kp9c	figs-metaphor		0	yet Yahweh will arise upon you	This means the light of God's presence will appear for the people of Israel, and it will show the way they should go. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3336	ISA	60	2	s5ca	figs-activepassive		0	his glory will be seen on you
3337	ISA	60	4	x1z5			0	General Information:	Here Yahweh begins speaking.
3338	ISA	60	4	ex8l			0	They all gather themselves
3339	ISA	60	4	b3v9	figs-activepassive		0	your daughters will be carried in their arms
3340	ISA	60	5	ku6b	figs-parallelism		0	Then you will look and be radiant, and your heart shall rejoice and overflow	These phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that they will be very happy because of what will happen in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3341	ISA	60	5	rnt2			0	the abundance of the sea	This refers to the riches and goods that will come to Jerusalem by way of shipping, perhaps from along the Mediterranean Sea.
3342	ISA	60	5	dn2d	figs-metaphor		0	be poured out to you	This describes that the abundance will be like water that gushes out. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3343	ISA	60	6	s2i2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3344	ISA	60	6	sn7y			0	the dromedaries	the young camels
3345	ISA	60	6	vu2u	translate-names		0	Ephah	an area in Arabia (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
3346	ISA	60	7	g7av	translate-names		0	Kedar ... Nebaioth	These are the names of areas in Arabia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
3347	ISA	60	7	vl7c	figs-activepassive		0	All the flocks of Kedar will be gathered together to you
3348	ISA	60	7	pi4p			0	the rams of Nebaioth will serve your needs	This refers to their need for sacrifices.
3349	ISA	60	7	ec9a			0	they will be acceptable offerings on my altar	I, Yahweh, will accept them on my altar
3350	ISA	60	8	tl1p			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3351	ISA	60	8	af2u	figs-rquestion		0	Who are these who fly along like a cloud, and like the doves to their shelters?
3352	ISA	60	9	vl72	figs-metonymy		0	The coastlands
3353	ISA	60	9	liy6			0	the ships of Tarshish	This expression usually means large merchant ships suitable for long voyages.
3354	ISA	60	9	z7pl			0	Holy One of Israel	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:4.
3355	ISA	60	9	ywq6			0	he has honored you	Yahweh has honored you, the people of Israel
3356	ISA	60	10	cy6u			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3357	ISA	60	11	eas5	figs-activepassive		0	they will not be shut day or night
3358	ISA	60	11	c5un	figs-activepassive		0	so that the wealth of the nations may be brought, with their kings being led
3359	ISA	60	12	q5kz			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3360	ISA	60	12	hdc5	figs-activepassive		0	those nations will be completely destroyed
3361	ISA	60	13	v72j			0	The glory of Lebanon	This refers to Lebanon being famous for its beautiful trees, especially cypress and cedar. The exact identification of all the trees is not known.
3362	ISA	60	13	e35k	figs-metonymy		0	the place of my feet	This refers to Yahweh's temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3363	ISA	60	14	py1v			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3364	ISA	60	14	gb24			0	Holy One of Israel	See how you translated this in Isaiah 1:4.
3365	ISA	60	15	ihk5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3366	ISA	60	15	an1x			0	with no one passing through you
3367	ISA	60	16	njt8	figs-metaphor		0	You will also drink the milk of the nations, and will nurse at the breast of kings	This refers to the wealth and plenty that will be drained from foreign nations. Both clauses repeat the same idea for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3368	ISA	60	16	ygm4			0	Redeemer	See how you translated this in Isaiah 41:14.
3369	ISA	60	16	fef8			0	the Mighty One of Jacob	See how you translated this in Isaiah 49:26.
3370	ISA	60	17	dg7a			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3371	ISA	60	17	uwa8	figs-ellipsis		0	instead of wood, bronze, and instead of stones, iron
3372	ISA	60	17	nbx6	figs-personification		0	I will appoint peace as your governors, and justice your rulers
3373	ISA	60	18	f499	figs-activepassive		0	Violence will no longer be heard in your land
3374	ISA	60	18	ik17	figs-metonymy		0	but you will call your walls Salvation, and your gates Praise	The physical objects have the names of spiritual qualities. The city of Jerusalem will be a safe place, and the people there will praise Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3375	ISA	60	19	wq86			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3376	ISA	60	20	l1pb	figs-parallelism		0	for Yahweh will be your everlasting light	Both verses repeat this same idea for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3377	ISA	60	20	d6du	figs-metaphor		0	Your sun will no longer set, nor will your moon withdraw and disappear	The moon will not literally disappear. This exaggeration is saying that the light of the sun and the moon will be much less bright than the light of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
3378	ISA	60	21	ppu9			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
3379	ISA	60	21	h3th	figs-parallelism		0	the branch of my planting, the work of my hands	These phrases mean approximately the same and are repeated for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3380	ISA	60	21	eqv7	figs-metaphor		0	the branch of my planting	Yahweh is comparing the people to young shoots coming up that he planted as if he was a gardener. Yahweh has placed his people in the land of Israel. This gives hope to the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3381	ISA	60	21	w3n1	figs-metaphor		0	the work of my hands	Yahweh compares the people of Israel to something made by the skill of his handicraft. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3382	ISA	60	21	sit8	figs-activepassive		0	that I may be glorified
3383	ISA	60	22	zuc9	translate-numbers		0	a thousand
3384	ISA	61	intro	vsb3			0		Isaiah 61 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. The first part of this chapter is probably a prophecy about the coming Messiah and not Isaiah because this was different than the message Isaiah delivered. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]]) Special concepts in this chapter Restoration This chapter prophesies concerning a future time of peace and restoration. It is unlikely to have been fulfilled in Isaiah's day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
3385	ISA	61	1	s7f8			0	The Spirit of the Lord Yahweh is on me
3386	ISA	61	1	xr6t			0	the afflicted	This refers to poor people, those in great sorrow, or oppressed people who have problems they cannot overcome by themselves.
3387	ISA	61	1	n6cg	figs-parallelism		0	liberty to the captives, and the opening of the prison for those who are bound	These two phrases mean the same thing. They state that God will certainly give freedom to captives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3388	ISA	61	2	gds9			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking.
3389	ISA	61	2	pj2e	figs-metonymy		0	the year of Yahweh's favor, the day of vengeance
3390	ISA	61	2	b53s			0	year of Yahweh's favor	time when Yahweh will act kindly toward his people
3391	ISA	61	3	c4hv			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking.
3392	ISA	61	3	d5cz			0	to give ... to give	Isaiah repeats this for emphasis.
3393	ISA	61	3	a7bm			0	a turban
3394	ISA	61	3	qss6	figs-metonymy		0	oil of joy ... a mantle of praise	People put oil on themselves and dressed in beautiful, long robes during times of celebration and joy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3395	ISA	61	3	x9dy			0	in place of a spirit of dullness
3396	ISA	61	3	s3uu	figs-metaphor		0	oaks of righteousness, the planting of Yahweh	This means Yahweh has caused the people to be strong and sturdy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3397	ISA	61	3	d2mz	figs-activepassive		0	that he may be glorified
3398	ISA	61	4	k3bl	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking using parallelisms in each line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3399	ISA	61	6	zly8	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Yahweh's servant continues speaking to the people of Israel with each line a parallelism. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3400	ISA	61	6	r8ff	figs-activepassive		0	You will be called
3401	ISA	61	7	x7le			0	you will have double	This probably refers to a double portion of land.
3402	ISA	61	7	wxd5	figs-123person		0	they will rejoice over their share ... they will ... their land ... will be theirs
3403	ISA	61	9	p3mg	figs-parallelism		0	Their descendants will be known among the nations, and their offspring among the peoples
3404	ISA	61	9	kx41	figs-ellipsis		0	their offspring among the peoples
3405	ISA	61	10	w34d			0	I will greatly rejoice in Yahweh
3406	ISA	61	10	u9w7	figs-metaphor		0	clothed me with the garments of salvation; he has clothed me with the robe of righteousness
3407	ISA	61	10	k3wx	figs-simile		0	as a bridegroom adorns himself with a turban, and as a bride adorns herself with her jewels	This comparison emphasizes that the speaker is extremely happy, joyful, celebrating. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
3408	ISA	61	10	j7bv			0	turban	See how you translated this in Isaiah 61:3.
3409	ISA	61	11	q4ad	figs-parallelism		0	For as the earth produces its sprouting plants, and as the garden makes its planting grow
3410	ISA	61	11	zgl9	figs-metaphor		0	righteousness and praise to sprout up	This expression describes these virtues as growing from seed like plants do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3411	ISA	62	intro	q3u6			0		Isaiah 62 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Restoration This chapter prophesies concerning a future time of peace and restoration. It is unlikely to have been fulfilled in Isaiah's day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
3412	ISA	62	1	dja1	figs-parallelism		0	For Zion's sake I will not be silent, and for Jerusalem's sake I will not be quiet
3413	ISA	62	1	b9bc			0	I will not be silent
3414	ISA	62	1	q71s	figs-simile		0	until her righteousness proceeds brightly, and her salvation as a burning torch	Both clauses reassure the people that God will eventually come and save the people of Israel and that it will be as apparent as light is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3415	ISA	62	3	qm2v	figs-parallelism		0	You will also be a crown of beauty in the hand of Yahweh, and a turban of kingship in the hand of your God	These mean the same thing and are combined for emphasis. They say that Jerusalem will become a royal city under the power and authority of God. Yahweh's hand is a metonym for his power and authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3416	ISA	62	4	dd4g	figs-parallelism		0
3417	ISA	62	4	uk2d	figs-activepassive		0	It will no more be said of you
3418	ISA	62	4	rz8n	figs-activepassive		0	nor of your land any longer will it be said
3419	ISA	62	4	s67z	figs-metaphor		0	your land will be married	This means Yahweh will love the people of Israel and will always be with them as is a husband. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3420	ISA	62	5	fh9p	figs-simile		0	as a young man marries a young woman, so your sons will marry you
3421	ISA	62	5	pn1w	figs-simile		0	as a bridegroom rejoices over his bride, your God will rejoice over you	This emphasizes God's happiness about his relationship with his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
3422	ISA	62	6	me2g			0	I have put
3423	ISA	62	6	yi1t	figs-metaphor		0	watchmen on your walls
3424	ISA	62	6	v43n	figs-litotes		0	they are not silent day or night
3425	ISA	62	7	b9v2			0	Do not allow him to rest
3426	ISA	62	8	bnu9	figs-metonymy		0	by his right hand and by the arm of his strength
3427	ISA	62	8	tb4w			0	Surely I will no longer give your grain as food for your enemies	This means Yahweh will not let enemies conquer the people of Israel and take their grain anymore. Perhaps enemies took the grain in the past as a tax or to feed their own armies.
3428	ISA	62	8	jw3p	figs-parallelism		0	I will no longer give your grain as food for your enemies ... Foreigners will not drink your new wine	These statements are set together for emphasis and completion. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3429	ISA	62	9	lt1b	figs-parallelism		0	those who harvest the grain ... those who pick the grapes	These statements are set together for emphasis and completion. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3430	ISA	62	10	f159			0	Come through, come through the gates
3431	ISA	62	10	m5im	figs-metonymy		0	Build it, build the highway
3432	ISA	62	10	dxb2	figs-synecdoche		0	Gather out the stones
3433	ISA	62	10	cv7h	figs-metonymy		0	Raise up a signal flag for the nations	A signal flag represents something to draw the attention of others. This means Yahweh is calling the people of the other nations to take notice of the land of Israel and to see what Yahweh has accomplished as he said he would. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3434	ISA	62	11	u2wh			0	Look	Take notice!
3435	ISA	62	11	e6rw	figs-metaphor		0	the ends of the earth
3436	ISA	62	11	sa9m	figs-idiom		0	the daughter of Zion
3437	ISA	62	11	n3g6	figs-parallelism		0	See, his reward is with him, and his recompense is going before him	These clauses represent the same idea for emphasis. See how you translated a similar phrase in Isaiah 40:10. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3438	ISA	62	12	q31l	figs-activepassive		0	you will be called
3439	ISA	63	intro	g5yz			0		Isaiah 63 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter Imagery The imagery of judgment in this chapter is intended to be rather vivid. The translator should avoid euphemisms, if possible. Overall, this chapter prophesies a day of great judgment and God's wrath. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wrath]])
3440	ISA	63	1	qz61	figs-rquestion		0	Who is this who comes from Edom ... Bozrah
3441	ISA	63	1	vv2a	translate-names		0	Bozrah	This is the capital city of Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
3442	ISA	63	1	j2ug			0	It is I
3443	ISA	63	2	tzm5	figs-rquestion		0	Why are your clothes red, and why ... winepress?
3444	ISA	63	2	nmf4			0	winepress	A winepress is a low place carved out of rock in the ground where workers step on the grapes to crush them with their feet, in order to remove the grape juice.
3445	ISA	63	3	ky69	figs-metaphor		0	I have trodden grapes
3446	ISA	63	4	ebb5			0	the day of vengeance
3447	ISA	63	4	z515			0	vengeance	Yahweh will punish in an appropriate way to bring about justice. His kind of vengeance differs from man's vengeance.
3448	ISA	63	4	p1bl	figs-metonymy		0	the year for my redemption
3449	ISA	63	5	jj1f			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
3450	ISA	63	5	f8a2	figs-metonymy		0	but my own arm
3451	ISA	63	6	xdg5	figs-metaphor		0	made them drunk in my wrath	This means Yahweh made them stunned and senseless by his full wrath and punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3452	ISA	63	6	v3ih	figs-metaphor		0	I poured out their blood
3453	ISA	63	7	e55q	figs-abstractnouns		0	I will tell of the acts of Yahweh's covenant faithfulness
3454	ISA	63	7	d6e5			0	I will tell
3455	ISA	63	7	x88u	figs-inclusive		0	done for us
3456	ISA	63	9	gd1d			0	Through all their suffering
3457	ISA	63	9	xq2j			0	he suffered too
3458	ISA	63	9	zj13			0	the angel from his presence	This is a representative who is sent from God's presence.
3459	ISA	63	9	cf9k	figs-metaphor		0	he lifted them up and carried them	This refers to when God protected and saved the people of Israel from the Egyptians many years earlier. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3460	ISA	63	10	trm9			0	But they rebelled
3461	ISA	63	10	ff3h			0	his Holy Spirit	Yahweh's Holy Spirit
3462	ISA	63	11	tt31			0	They said
3463	ISA	63	11	xc8g	figs-explicit		0	who brought them up out of the sea	The story of Yahweh miraculously splitting the waters of the Sea of Reeds so that the Israelites could cross and escape the Egyptians is assumed knowledge. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3464	ISA	63	11	gjt5	figs-metaphor		0	the shepherds of his flock
3465	ISA	63	12	iq2k			0	General Information:	The people of Israel continue speaking.
3466	ISA	63	12	zbm6	figs-metonymy		0	who made his glorious power go with the right hand of Moses
3467	ISA	63	13	ymx4	figs-simile		0	Like a horse running on flat land, they did not stumble	This means that the people of Israel were sure-footed as horses in open country on their travels toward Israel from Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
3468	ISA	63	14	d9fd			0	General Information:	The people of Israel continue speaking.
3469	ISA	63	14	vw1c	figs-simile		0	As the cattle that go down into the valley ... rest	This image pictures cattle going into a valley where there is green grass and water and emphasizes that God led the people of Israel and took care of them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
3470	ISA	63	14	mt35	figs-metonymy		0	to make yourself a name of praise
3471	ISA	63	15	fet4			0	General Information:	The people of Israel continue speaking.
3472	ISA	63	15	z3pw	figs-rquestion		0	Where are your zeal and your mighty acts?
3473	ISA	63	15	ul1l	figs-activepassive		0	Your pity and your compassionate actions are kept from us
3474	ISA	63	16	sb9w	figs-synecdoche		0	though Abraham does not know us, and Israel does not recognize us
3475	ISA	63	16	n4aq			0	Israel
3476	ISA	63	17	h7k1			0	General Information:	The people of Israel continue speaking.
3477	ISA	63	17	w2gk	figs-rquestion		0	Yahweh, why do you make us wander from your ways and harden our hearts, so we do not obey you?
3478	ISA	63	17	dfb6	figs-metaphor		0	why do you make us wander from your ways
3479	ISA	63	17	pqt9	figs-metaphor		0	harden our hearts
3480	ISA	63	18	ka89			0	General Information:	The people of Israel continue speaking.
3481	ISA	63	19	j3dn	figs-activepassive		0	who were never called by your name
3482	ISA	63	19	kcq5			0	We have become ... called by your name
3483	ISA	64	intro	pn57			0		Isaiah 64 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. Special concepts in this chapter Repentance This chapter records the repentance of the righteous remnant of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/remnant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
3484	ISA	64	1	k72d			0	General Information:	The people of Israel continue speaking to Yahweh (Isaiah 63:11).
3485	ISA	64	1	vzg6	figs-hypo		0	Oh, if you had	Isaiah introduces this desire for Yahweh's presence in their past history with a strong exclamation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
3486	ISA	64	1	ea39	figs-metaphor		0	if you had split open the heavens
3487	ISA	64	1	gnw8	figs-hypo		0	mountains would have shaken	The mountains would have trembled as in an earthquake. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
3488	ISA	64	2	re9g	figs-simile		0	as when fire kindles the brushwood, or the fire makes water boil	This possibly emphasizes how easily God's presence would have caused the mountains and the people to tremble. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
3489	ISA	64	3	r6lb			0	General Information:	The people of Israel continues speaking to Yahweh.
3490	ISA	64	4	ien9	figs-synecdoche		0	nor eye seen
3491	ISA	64	5	w5xb			0	General Information:	The people of Israel continue speaking to Yahweh.
3492	ISA	64	5	e2mb	figs-idiom		0	call to mind
3493	ISA	64	6	y1pd			0	General Information:	The people of Israel continue speaking to Yahweh.
3494	ISA	64	6	r68s	figs-simile		0	all our righteous deeds are like a menstrual rag
3495	ISA	64	6	pe9q	figs-simile		0	We have all withered like leaves	Isaiah compares the people of Israel to leaves that dry up when dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
3496	ISA	64	6	zx8k	figs-simile		0	our iniquities, like the wind, carry us away	This means their sins, as a community, are the reason for their failure. Isaiah compares the iniquities to the wind as the force for their suffering Yahweh's punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
3497	ISA	64	7	j4vi	figs-idiom		0	you have hidden your face from us	This means God gave up on his people and let them suffer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
3498	ISA	64	7	bhp2	figs-metonymy		0	in the hand of our iniquities
3499	ISA	64	8	shy2			0	General Information:	The people of Israel continue speaking to Yahweh.
3500	ISA	64	8	j691	figs-metaphor		0	we are the clay. You are our potter; and we all are the work of your hand	This means God created the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3501	ISA	64	9	jl2l	figs-idiom		0	call to mind	This refers to remembering the past. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
3502	ISA	64	9	i877	figs-personification		0	look at us all	Isaiah asks Yahweh to pay attention to their situation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
3503	ISA	64	10	ie3k			0	General Information:	The people of Israel continue speaking to Yahweh.
3504	ISA	64	10	gfj3			0	Your holy cities have become a wilderness	This emphasizes that the cities have been destroyed and no one lives there.
3505	ISA	64	11	ev92	figs-activepassive		0	Our holy and beautiful temple, where our fathers praised you, has been destroyed by fire
3506	ISA	64	12	x5p8	figs-rquestion		0	How can you still hold back, Yahweh? How can you remain silent and continue to humiliate us?
3507	ISA	65	intro	mm3j			0		Isaiah 65 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter. This chapter is Yahweh's response to the repentance of the people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]]) Special concepts in this chapter Judgment and hope This chapter records that Yahweh's judgment on the people must come. Despite this, there is hope that in the end, Yahweh will make all things new and restore them to himself. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/hope]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])
3508	ISA	65	1	fu52			0	I was ready
3509	ISA	65	2	k5z1	figs-idiom		0	I have spread out my hands all day to a stubborn people
3510	ISA	65	3	t8a2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking about the people of Israel.
3511	ISA	65	3	y6w2	figs-explicit		0	in gardens ... on brick tiles	These refer to Canaanite places for worshiping idols. Their sacred altars were made of bricks, which Yahweh forbid for his altars. Yahweh's altars were made of stone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3512	ISA	65	4	ga3p	figs-explicit		0	sit among the graves and keep watch all night	This is a reference to consulting the dead, a practice that Yahweh prohibited. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3513	ISA	65	4	u4tg	figs-explicit		0	eat pork	Yahweh did not allow the people of Israel to eat meat from pigs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3514	ISA	65	5	yf6i			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to and about the people of Israel.
3515	ISA	65	5	yf97	figs-metaphor		0	These things are smoke in my nose	Yahweh compares these people who are continually annoying him to smoke that irritates a person's breathing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3516	ISA	65	5	kfu5	figs-metaphor		0	a fire that burns all day long	Yahweh compares the people of Israel to a slow-burning fire that sends out smoke without stopping as it irritates. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3517	ISA	65	6	s3ji			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking about the people of Israel.
3518	ISA	65	6	e8dl			0	Look, it is written	Take notice and pay attention
3519	ISA	65	6	ju68	figs-idiom		0	into their laps	This means God will punish them to the fullest extent. This expression compares Yahweh punishing the people to dumping on their legs as they are sitting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3520	ISA	65	8	u28s	figs-metaphor		0	As when juice is found in a cluster of grapes	Yahweh compares the people of Israel to a cluster of grapes that still has some good juice in it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3521	ISA	65	8	p137	figs-activepassive		0	when juice is found in a cluster
3522	ISA	65	8	y5df	figs-litotes		0	I will not ruin them all
3523	ISA	65	9	v8br			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
3524	ISA	65	9	vkn1			0	my mountains	This refers to the highest locations of Jerusalem and all of Judea.
3525	ISA	65	10	pzz2	translate-names		0	Sharon	This was a fertile grazing area. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
3526	ISA	65	10	gc1h	translate-names		0	Valley of Achor	This is the name of a valley that possibly ran from Jerusalem to south of Jericho. This was also a fertile grazing area. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
3527	ISA	65	11	mw8c			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
3528	ISA	65	11	cm1c			0	holy mountain	See how you translated this in Isaiah 11:9.
3529	ISA	65	11	h947			0	who prepare a table ... and fill wine glasses of mixed wine	People would bring food and drink and place it in front of the idol as part of their worship.
3530	ISA	65	11	crn4			0	mixed wine	wine mixed with spices
3531	ISA	65	11	u2ws			0	Fortune ... Destiny
3532	ISA	65	12	cb1l			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to those in Israel who worship idols.
3533	ISA	65	12	kk9r	figs-synecdoche		0	appoint you for the sword
3534	ISA	65	12	ah6h	figs-parallelism		0	when I called, you did not answer; when I spoke, you did not listen	Both clauses mean the same and are repeated for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3535	ISA	65	13	eb2d			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to those in Israel who worship idols.
3536	ISA	65	13	hu21	figs-parallelism		0	Look, my servants
3537	ISA	65	14	l9nc	figs-parallelism		0	but you will cry because of the pain of the heart, and will wail because of the crushing of the spirit	These clauses mean the same and the repetition is for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3538	ISA	65	14	l647	figs-metaphor		0	crushing of the spirit	This expression compares the feeling of terrible disappointment and sorrow to something becoming deformed due to high pressure. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3539	ISA	65	15	mbr1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to those in Israel who worship idols.
3540	ISA	65	16	x8rm	figs-activepassive		0	will be blessed by me, the God of truth
3541	ISA	65	16	b3zy	figs-activepassive		0	the former troubles will be forgotten ... will be hidden
3542	ISA	65	16	xcx8	figs-idiom		0	they will be hidden from my eyes
3543	ISA	65	17	ru1m			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
3544	ISA	65	17	au5p			0	For see	Notice! Pay attention!
3545	ISA	65	17	dn4a	figs-merism		0	new heavens and a new earth	Both are extremes that also represent everything between. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
3546	ISA	65	17	v792	figs-parallelism		0	the former things will not be remembered or be brought to mind
3547	ISA	65	18	cdz7	figs-you		0	But you will be glad
3548	ISA	65	19	wla8	figs-activepassive		0	weeping and cries of distress will no longer be heard in her
3549	ISA	65	20	n372			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking about his faithful people.
3550	ISA	65	20	ars5	translate-numbers		0	one hundred years
3551	ISA	65	20	qsz1	figs-activepassive		0	will be considered a young person
3552	ISA	65	20	fte4	figs-activepassive		0	will be considered cursed
3553	ISA	65	22	x44j			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking about his faithful people.
3554	ISA	65	22	t1rr			0	for as the days of trees will be the days of my people	for my people will live as long as trees live
3555	ISA	65	23	ea83	figs-activepassive		0	they are the children of those blessed by Yahweh
3556	ISA	65	24	y69k			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking about his faithful people.
3557	ISA	65	25	pu4h			0	holy mountain	See how you translated this in Isaiah 11:9.
3558	ISA	66	intro	d1a4			0		Isaiah 66 General Notes Structure and formatting Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 66:1-17, 21-24. Special concepts in this chapter In the end In the end, Yahweh will enact his perfect justice. This is the true hope of this world. The new heaven and the new earth are an important part of this. In the end, this will be the perfect creation of Yahweh and will last forever. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/hope]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]])
3559	ISA	66	1	ym2c	figs-metaphor		0	Heaven is my throne, and the earth is my footstool	Yahweh compares heaven to a throne and the earth to a footstool to emphasize how great he is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3560	ISA	66	1	fgf8	figs-rquestion		0	Where then is the house you will build for me? Where is the place where I may rest?	Yahweh uses questions to emphasize that humans cannot build a place for him to dwell. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
3561	ISA	66	2	h4r7			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
3562	ISA	66	2	z6n3	figs-synecdoche		0	My hand has made all these things
3563	ISA	66	2	js74	figs-123person		0	this is Yahweh's declaration
3564	ISA	66	2	d8bv			0	the broken and contrite in spirit
3565	ISA	66	3	us65			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
3566	ISA	66	3	r9v8	figs-parallelism		0	He who slaughters ... also blesses wickedness	These four clauses all describe different ways evil people act and come to the same meaning for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3567	ISA	66	3	k536			0	They have chosen their own ways	They have chosen to do evil things that violate the ways of Yahweh
3568	ISA	66	4	m1x2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking about the wicked people.
3569	ISA	66	4	l9qg	figs-metaphor		0	what was evil in my sight
3570	ISA	66	5	ssi3	figs-activepassive		0	May Yahweh be glorified
3571	ISA	66	5	x6r8	figs-activepassive		0	but they will be put to shame
3572	ISA	66	6	ksm5			0	General Information:	Yahweh describes the punishment for the hypocrisy of the worshipers.
3573	ISA	66	6	ym61	figs-metonymy		0	A sound of battle tumult	The sound represents the real fighting that is going on in the temple as Yahweh is carrying out the punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3574	ISA	66	7	a59i			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
3575	ISA	66	7	iy8c	figs-metaphor		0	Before she goes into labor, she gives birth; before pain is upon her, she gave birth to a son	Yahweh speaks about Zion as if it were a woman who is about to give birth. Although Zion was destroyed and the people no longer lived there, Yahweh promises that without delay and with little effort an entire nation will come from her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3576	ISA	66	8	mnx2	figs-rquestion		0	Who has heard of such a thing? Who has seen such things? Will a land be born in one day? Can a nation be established in one moment?	Yahweh uses questions to emphasize how unique this event will be. The series of questions builds tension until Zion is finally mentioned. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
3577	ISA	66	9	prd7			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking about Jerusalem as if it were a mother (Isaiah 66:7-8).
3578	ISA	66	9	ykq2	figs-rquestion		0	Do I bring a baby to the birth opening ... born?	Yahweh uses questions to emphasize that he will not fail to fulfill his promises to the people of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3579	ISA	66	10	jpw5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking about Jerusalem as if it were a mother and the inhabitants of Jerusalem as if they were newly born children (Isaiah 66:7-8).
3580	ISA	66	11	m27u	figs-metaphor		0	For you will nurse and be satisfied; with her breasts you will be comforted
3581	ISA	66	12	di1p			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking about Jerusalem as if it were a mother (Isaiah 66:7-8).
3582	ISA	66	12	j2n7	figs-simile		0	like a river ... like an overflowing stream	This means God will cause the people of the nations to bring a very large amount of riches, which will be permanent like a river and abundant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
3583	ISA	66	12	l5d2	figs-metaphor		0	You will nurse at her side, be carried in her arms, and be dandled on her knees	This means Jerusalem will be a place of safety and comfort for God's people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3584	ISA	66	12	u5js	figs-activepassive		0	be carried in her arms, and be dandled on her knees
3585	ISA	66	13	w86z	figs-activepassive		0	so I will comfort you, and you will be comforted in Jerusalem
3586	ISA	66	14	rk3u			0	General Information:	Isaiah is speaking to God's faithful people.
3587	ISA	66	14	fy26	figs-synecdoche		0	your bones will sprout
3588	ISA	66	14	pe4z	figs-simile		0	will sprout like the tender grass
3589	ISA	66	14	gt3n	figs-activepassive		0	The hand of Yahweh will be made known to his servants
3590	ISA	66	15	akv1			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking to God's faithful people.
3591	ISA	66	15	cfq3	figs-metaphor		0	coming with fire	Yahweh's appearances in the Old Testament are often accompanied by fire that represents Yahweh's anger and judgment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3592	ISA	66	15	b53l	figs-simile		0	like the windstorm	Storms represent Yahweh's powerful actions to make his judgment effective. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
3593	ISA	66	16	dhc5	figs-synecdoche		0	with his sword
3594	ISA	66	16	bx7h	figs-activepassive		0	Those killed by Yahweh will be many
3595	ISA	66	17	b5sf			0	General Information:	Isaiah continues speaking.
3596	ISA	66	17	rj5b			0	They consecrate themselves
3597	ISA	66	17	nv79	figs-explicit		0	enter the gardens	This is a place where people would go to worship idols. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3598	ISA	66	17	jx7b			0	the one in the middle	This describes the leader of those of go to worship idols.
3599	ISA	66	17	bs95	figs-123person		0	this is Yahweh's declaration
3600	ISA	66	18	nhd3			0	For I know
3601	ISA	66	18	ej4u			0	their deeds ... their thoughts
3602	ISA	66	19	k1r5	translate-names		0	Put ... Lud ... Tubal ... Javan	These are names of areas that are far from the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
3603	ISA	66	20	m4dq			0	They will bring
3604	ISA	66	20	lip4			0	holy mountain	See how you translated this in Isaiah 11:9.
3605	ISA	66	22	g5ni			0	the new heavens and the new earth	See how you translated this in Isaiah 65:17.
3606	ISA	66	24	ju6e			0	General Information:	Yahweh finishes speaking.
3607	ISA	66	24	ivj5			0	They will go out
3608	ISA	66	24	a8i9	figs-parallelism		0	the worms ... and the fire	Both clauses describe the same idea to emphasize Yahweh's punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3609	ISA	66	24	le39	figs-metonymy		0	the worms that eat them	The worms represent the horror of decay and rot that are Yahweh's punishment on the wicked. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3610	ISA	66	24	md8u	figs-metonymy		0	the fire that consumes	Fire also represents Yahweh's judgment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3611	ISA	66	24	t9vq	figs-litotes		0	will not be quenched
3612	ISA	66	24	e7xk	figs-metonymy		0	all flesh	This expression represents all created living beings that shrink from the dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])